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OUTLINE
PRESIDENTIAL. INTRODUCTION: President's vision for what he wanted to do, why
he has stuck with it, what he has accomplished and what he is proposing going forward.
This section will include accomplishments lists (major legislation and budget priorities).
SECTION 1: MAKING THE ECONOMY WORK FOR WORKING FAMILIES:
MIDDLE CLASS BILL OF RIGHTS
The Economy:
What we inherited
Deficit reduction that lowered interest rates
Deficit reduction that relied on shrinking government and federal workers
Better confidence from lower trade and world leadership position
,what is still missing in the economy: wage stagnation,. income inequality.
Four Part' Response: Middle Class Bill of Rights.
Child Tax Credit ·
IRA
Education Tax cut
Skill Grants
CHAPTER 2: REINVENTING GOVERNMENT: REINVENTING. GOVERNMENT
AND MAKING IT RESPONSIVE TO THE MIDDLE CLASS NOT SPECIAL
INTERESTS
A.
B.
Reinventing Government
Campaign and Lobbying Reform
CHAPTER 3: REWARDING WORK FOR WORKING FAMILIES
A.
B.
C.
D~
EITC
· Welfare
Child Support
Family and Medical Leave
CHAPTER 4: LIFELONG LEARNING
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
· F. ·
Pre-school and Parenting
GOALS 2000
School to ·Work .
National Service
Individual Education Accounts/College Loans
Skill Grants
�CHAPTER 5: INTERNATIONAL TRADE
A.
· B.·
Tearing Down Trade Barriers
Helping American Business Do Business
SECTION 6: BUILDING STRONGER, SAFER. COMMUNITIES
. (Efforts to Build, Strengthen Protection)
A.
Empowerment Zones
B.
Community Development Banks
. C.
100,000 Cops
D.
National Police Corps
.
E.
J F.
G.
H.
.
(Efforts to Stiffen Penalties)
Brady Bill
Assault Weapon Ban
Stiff Penalties for Violent Offenders
. Violence Against .Women
SECTION 7: HEALTH CARE
A.
B.
C.
D.
Health reform
WIC
Immunizations
AIDS
SECTION 8: ENVIRONMENT
A.
B.
C.
Protecting Public Health
Taking Responsibility for Our Land and Water
International Leadership
SECTION 9: REMOVING BARRIERS AND ENCOURAGING INVESTMENT FOR
BUSINESS
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
~.F.
G.
Defense Reinvestment
Infrastructure
Information Highway
Technology Investment
Interstate Banking
Intrastate Trucking
Small Business
SECTION 10: NATIONAL SECURITY
A.
B.
Promoting Democracy
Promoting Peace
·
�..------------------------------------
Chapter Format: Each chapter will start with a summary of accomplishments and our future
agenda -- what has _been accomplished and what is still Jo be doJ;Ie. These will be followed by
subchapters on different elements. The summary will help emphasize all that we have done and
will provide a mad map for the reader as they go through the sub-elements. . It should be direct,,
using bullet points to convey the main ideas.
Subchapter/Length. and Format: After a chapter summary, each topic will be discussed in depth
in subchapters. The length of the subchapters will vary depending upon the topic -- the page
lengths listed below are recommendations.
·
Each subchapter should be structured as following:
1) box on "Actions to Date'~ -- (recommended length: 1 single-spaced page or less);
In· bullet-point format, list the key Administration accomplishments, using as much concrete
information (statistics, data, etc. ) as possible. This should be no more than 1 page long.
2} "Background" -- (recommended length: 112-1 1/2 single-spaced pages);
·
This section will combine the "History" and "Vision" portions of some current chapters.
This is designed to be flexible, depending upon what you think is most important and
interesting. Some potential areas to cover -- background the reader needs to know to
understand the Administration's initiatives; interesting/important aspects of the President's
or the Vice President's history with the issue; frameworks guiding the Administration's
efforts. While we're leaving a lot of discretion as to what to include, the section should be
concise and well-focused.
3) "Initiative" -- (recommended· length: 1 to 2 single-spaced pages);
This section will present what the Administration has done and what needs to be done. · It
will be probably be the longest section, but again, we're trying to keep everything focused
and to the point. It should add more detail to the "Actions to Date" sectiori and include
other accomplishments that don't quite warrant being highlighted up front. It should
include numbers as appropriate and available -- i.e. appropriations (with increase over past),
people affected, etc. It should also describe what the Administration plans to do. ·
4) "Case Studies" -- (recommended length: 112 - 3/4 single-spaced page each);.
The .case studies should be short descriptions of how real people are affected by the
Admirustration's accomplishments. The idea is to present an example that demonstrates, in
ways that can be easily visualized, the. progress we've made. We're looking for no more
than 2 case studies per subchapter.
, 5) "POTUS quotes" -- 2-4 per subthapter
. We're going to wrap text around POTUS quotes. Please include any eloquent quotes that
help to describe his vision of the accomplishment or otherwise bring him into the chapter.
Language/style/tone: We've decided to go with language that is fairly direct and descriptive,
reducing the rhetoric. The School~to- Work subchapter that accompanies this should give you an
idea of the style we're looking for. The language should be written for a non-technical layperson - any technical words should be defined or explained. We're looking for something a typical high
school senior could understand.
�4C. SCHOOL-TO-WORK
"School-to-work is central to our effort's to guarantee lifetime learning
for every citizen. In a rapidly changing world economy, what you earn
increasingly ·depends on what you learn. "
Actions to Date
In 1994, President Clinton's School-to-Work Opportunities Act passed Congress
with bipartisan support, fulfilling his. pledge to create a school-to-work ·system. With
$250 . million appropriated in 1995, the new initiative:
'
•
Allows states and communities to design diverse programs.
•
Ensures that all participants have a work-based learning experience, an
integrated curriculum of academic and job skills, a high school diploma,
and an occupational skills certificate that paves the way for a first job
with a future.
•
Has made planning grants to every state and implementation grants to 8
states to overhaul their systems to create better and broader school-towork opportunities.
•
Will otTer support for every state to create school-to-work opportunities
by 1997.
•
Will end in 1997 -- because President Clinton wanted the is program to·
provide a catalyst for local initiative and not a new federal bureaucracy.
42
�, Background
"By creating this national network of school to work programs, we
address the greatest challenge of our times: how to make the dramatic
economic changes that are shaking and remaking our world, work for our
people."
Too many American high school students have few options today. Not every young
person wants to go straight to college after high school. The education offered to the vast
majority of young Americans (both "general" and "vocational") provides neither access ~o
jobs nor solid grounding in academic fundamentals. The wage gap between workers with
and without college degrees has literally doubled. For young people without four-year
degrees, this means frustration and anxiety; good jobs have become more scarce. For the
. national economy, it means a tragic waste of talent and potentia~.
In America, many skilled trades have long been passed on from master to youth
through a structured system of apprentices. A range of models for combining meaningful
education and career paths for young people flourish throughout western Europe and other
industrialized' nations. The President's school-to-work legislation not only launches new
innovation in work and learning, but also reaffirms the tradition of "work-based learning."
The Initiative
"This legislation [the School-to-Work Opportunities Act} will help
millions ofour young people enter the middle class and secure the American
dream for themselves and their families. "
The culmination of a national dialogue involving leaders from business, labor, and
education as well as stUdents, parents and Administration officials, the School-to-Work
Opportunities Act will renew for millions of Americans our nation's promise that anyone
who works hard and plays by the rules can enjoy economic security:
During the last two years of high school, and for at least one year beyond, young
people participating in school-to-work programs receive classroom instruction and structured
work experience that relates to what they learn in school. They may not know at any one
·moment whether they are in "schooling," "training," or "higher education" --but it doesn't
matter. What matters is that they are following well-marked pathways between school and
. careers and are developin~ the confidence, competence and connections required to succeed
43
�in the global economy.
The school-to-work legislation is remarkable for what it contains: the framework for
a national system of community work and learning partnerships. But the legislation is nearly
as remarkable for what -it leaves out. Rather than attempting to force change with a flood of
money from Washington, or dictating a single design for all schools to follow, the Act lets
states and communities take the lead. Tiie federal role in School-to-Work is crucial, but
limited. A joint enterprise by the Labor and Education Departments manages a· pool of
"venture capital" that empowers state and local innovators.
The Act builds on a common-sense, three-part consensus: First, young Americans
need paths to prosperity that don't require a conventional four-year degree, but do meet the
need for practical post-secondary training to prepare for new middle-class careers. Second,
almost t,ill students, college-bound or not,· learn better when their studies are linked to the
working world. Third, no single path suits every student--there must be a range o'f schoolto-work opportunities, with plenty of room for local diversity and experimentation. There
are many valid models, including youth apprenticeships, innovative vocational education
programs, career academies, and cooperative education.
The legislation ensures, however, that all school-to-work programs share four key
elements. Every. participant receives:
•-~
•.,
•-~·
•-
A Work-based learning experience;
An integrated curriculum of academic and occupational skills;
A high school diploma that keeps the door open to college;
An occupational skills cenificate offering access to a flrst job with a real
future.
Small planning grants have already gone to every state. Reform is now moving ·
forward in "waves" as individual states complete their own blueprints for change. Eight
states woti implementation grants in the flrst year-- 1994, and in the second year, Congress
approved funding for no fewer than 16 more states to implement reform plaris. By 1997,
every state in America will have a chance to implement school-to-work reforms. _Then,
having achieved its goal of sparking local change and creating new programs, the School-toWork Opportunities Act will be phased out.
In its early stages, the school-to-work movement has yielded impressive results. At
Roosevelt High School in Oregon, students choose from among six "career majors" which
serve as themes for applying academic learning and open opportunities for work-based
learning. The freshman dropout rate has plummeted by 62%. At the Rindge School of
. Technical Arts in Cambridge, Massachusetts, 85% of the youth apprentices are entering
college-- compared with the district's average college placement rate of 67%. In Boston,
all 38 seniors from Project ProTech who graduated at the end of the 1992~93 school year
44
�enrolled in postsecondary programs.
But the power and promise of school-to-work programs is best expressed by the
students themselves, who testify to its impact in changing their lives. Said one graduate of
the Oakland Health and Bioscience Academy, now,a profesSional RN: "The best thing
about this program is learning through high school the hands-on experience that I needed in
terms of focusing on what I really wanted to do in the' nursing field. It gave me exposure
and clinical experience and networking with the professionals and I was able to project
myself in five years -- that this was how I wanted to be and who I wanted to associate with."
Or as another school-to-work participant has said, "This program taught me responsibility-you can do anything you put your mind to."
Case Study: Siemens· Stromberg-Carlson Electronics
Technicians Apprenticeship Program
Siemens Stromberg-Carlson, an international company based in Germany, has
years of experience training young people for high-skill, high-wage jobs. Their
Electronics Technicians project in Florida translates some of the best features of the
famed German youth apprenticeship model -- such as master teachers at the company,
high academic standards, and employer. involvement in curriculum -- to create a schoolto-work opportunity that works for young Americans and their communities. The
program is a partnership between local high schools and community colleges,
government and industry.
The results so far have not only equaled, but have actually exceeded those of the
German model. For two years in a row, Siemens students in the U.S. have scored the
highest of all Siemens apprentices worldwide. In -fact, despite having five months less
training, American Siemens apprentices outscored their German counterparts on the same
exam.
45
�Case Study: Chris Brady
When Chri~ Brady decided to drop out of school, it seemed like a logical step.
The South Boston native was so turned off by school he rarely made it to any classes. But
he saw that his· friends who had dropped out were sweeping floors and stocking grocery
shelves -- and not making enough money to pay the rent. He wanted something better.
So instead of leaving school for good, Chris found his way into the Project
ProTech school-to-work program in financial services. For the first four months, he
learned the basics of banking and what work was all about. Then he started to work
part-tiJ:ne in the "large currency" department at Fleet Financial Group, one of the nation's
largest banks. The job required him to pay close attention to detail, communicate with
other branch. offices, use a computer to enter data and retrieve information. In the
afternoon, he would attend classes that were set up to relate to his job -- learning math
and English with lessons on worq processing, data bases, and spreadsheets.
·
In the process, Chris started to see the connection between work and school and,
as he says, once he "got a taste of the business world, something just clicked" for him.
He is now in college, where he is studying business administration.
46
�..
3
X.
PROTECTING OUR NATION'S SECURITY
v
INTRODUCTION
The President has no more important responsibility than to
safeguard the security of all Americans from foreign threats -today, and for generations to come.
This challenge was selfevident during the Cold War, when we faced massive.so~iet forces
and nuclear missiles targeted at our citizens and cities. With
the disintegration of the Sdviet Union, some argue the time has
come to claim victory and quietly withdraw from our engagement
around the world. We must resist this temptation.
The end of
the Cold War has.not lessened our nation's security needs -protecting the li ve.s and personal safety of Americ'ans·,
maintaining our freedom and independence, providing for the wellbeing of all our citizens..
Rather~ it has changed the ways we
must go about meeting them.
The situation created by the collapse of the Soviet empire
has created new challenges. ·Direct threats to our security are
posed by states such as Iraq or Iran, by the proliferation of
weapons of mass destruction, like nuclear or _g_.h.e'mical wec;:tpons,
and by terrorists who strike at the he~rt of New York.
Local
conflicts that risk spilling over across borders iepresent
another kind of threat, as do international narcotics ·
trafficking, large scale environmental degra¢ation, rapid
populatio~ growth, or massive refugee flows onto our sho~es.
At the same time, the post-Cold War world offers tremendous
new opportunities to enhance the security of all Americans.
America stands as the preeminent world power.
Our values of
democracy and free markets captured the imagination 'and inspired
historic actions of people around the globe.
Hund~eds of
millions of people have cast aside communism, dictatorship, or
apartheid.
And former adversaries are now cooperating with us on
global problems. We have seiz~d these opportunities by .forging
new international partnerships, dramatically reducing .the threat
of nuclear war, and enlarging the commun~ty of nations with which
America trades, and in which America invests.
We face a choice. We cart retreat, leaving our nation
unprepared to face the new challenges and to seiz~ the new
opportunities. Or we can remain engaged and help shape a world
more conducive to our interests, more consistent with our v~lues,
more secure for our children.
�2
The decision we make w~ll have concrete and far-reaching
consequences.
It will determine whether future generations will
live in a world where nuclear, biological and chemical weapons
have fallen into dangerous hands; whether our country will
continue to have unimpeded access to oil; whether American
citizens will be targets of terrorist groups; and whether our
children will enjoy uncontaminated air, arable land, fisheries,
and water.
For President Clinton, the choice is clear.
From the day he
took office, he has exerted America's leadership abroad to make
the world safer and Americans more prosperous.
These goals lie
at the heart of his national security strategy.
To promote them,
and in addition to· the efforts to open markets discussed in the
previous chapter, he has taken bold actions on six critical
fronts.
Keeping our military strong and ready to fight, so that we
are able to defend American inte~ests whenever necessary.
Reducing the threat of nuclear weapons and other weapons
of mass destruction to increase our safety and the safety of
our children.
Advancing European securit~ t6 enhance stability in an area
vital to our safety.
Being an effective peacemaker and mediator in order to
defuse conflicts before they become significant crises.
Promoting democracy to check global threats before they
threaten our territory and interests and to enhance economic
opportunities.
Confronting transnational threats to
of life and protect its future.
preser~e
America's way
President Clinton and his Administration already have made
substantial progress in all six areas.
These accomplishments are
improving the lives of every American.
�.-----------------------------------~-----------------------------------
3
XA. KEEPING OUR MILITARY STRONG AND READY TO
FIGHT
ui want to say this to all the American people: While the Cold
War has ended, the world is not free of danger.
And I am
determined .to take the steps necessary to keep our nation secure.
We will keep our forces ready to fight.
We- will w,ork to head off
emerging threats and we will take action when action is
required."
[~resident
Clinton'~
address to the nation on attack on Iraq, May
16, 1993]
Actions to Date
From the day he took office, President Clinton has fought
hard to keep the military strong, .and to use it effectively when
necessary.
In this spirit, the Administration has:
•· Obtained congressional passage of defense budgets that reflect
the President's strong commitment to military readiness and
\
proposed a $25 billion increase to our military spending plans
over the next 6 years.
•
Implemented a strategy and maintained sufficient forces for
our military to fight two major regional conflicts nearly
simultaneously ..
•
Reversed an Iraqi military threat to Kuwait and the Persian
Gulf.
•
Removed Haiti's military rulers by threatening to.use U.S.
military power.
Background
uour forces are the finest military our nation has ever had.
And
I. have pledged that as long as I am Presiden.t, they will remain
the best equipped, the best trained and the best prepared
fighting. force on the face of the Earth."
�4
[State of the Union, January, 1994]
The foremost ·safeguard of our country's security is the
strength of its defense. Whatever else we do to enhance our
nation's well-being will be jeopardized if we do not have the
military capability to defend our vital. interests.when they are
at stake.
Our military must deter our adversaries and reassure
our friends and allies that America is prepared to put force
behind the defense of its interests.
Our military forces must
prevail decisively when committed to combat.
That is why we
devote 90' of all our expenditures for defense and foreign policy
to our armed forces.
In today's world of diverse dangers, our armed.forces must
be prepared and trained for new threats, such as 8onfronting
regional powers with inimical interests, deterring and countering
the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and responding
to urgent humanitarian needs.
President Clinton's actions
guarantee our readiness to meet the challenges of the post-Cold
War era.
Our successful military ope~ations of the past two
years have demonstrated both the President's .cornrni tment to our
national security and the unsurpassed ability of our armed forces
to protect it.
The Initiative
.)
The President's actions to strengthen our national defense
build on clear principl~s: We must invest all necessary resources
to defend our security; we must adapt our armed forces to the
challenges of the post-Cold War era; and we must be willing to
use force decisively where our vital interests are at itake.
The
President's persistent efforts to put resources into readiness,
and the exceptional performance of our armed forces around the
world meet these objectives.
Keeping our forces ready to fight wherever. and whenever
necessary is the President's first priority.
The
Administration's original defense budget was increased by $13
billion in l993 to cove~ funding shortfalls that were inherited
from the prior .Administration.
In 1994, the President added
$11.4 billion to the defense spending plan. And last becember,
the President proposed a unefense Funding Initiative" that will
provide for an additional increase of more than $25 billion for
the defense program over the next six years.
These funds will
ensure that we maintain the readiness of our armed forces at the
highest level, implement important quality of life imprqvements,
sustain our nuclear and conventional force postures, and provide
robust resources to equip our forces with the next generation of
defense hardware.
�5
The Clinton Administration recognizes that the men and women
who serve under the American flag are the backbone of our
defense.
The Defense Funding Initiative will improve the quality
of life for our troops, support pay raises to the maximum extent
possible under the law, providing military personnel with
compensation levels that are competitive with the private sector,
and increase military community and family support, including
more child care .and family counselors.
Providing resources t6
bolster our armed forces is a price the President is committed to
pay to protect the physical and economic safety of all American~,
today and for generations to come.
ui directed that our Armed Forces be ready to face two major
regional conflicts occurring almost simultaneously.
Since then,
I have repeatedly resisted calls to cu·t our forces further, to
cut our budget below the levels recommended in that bottom-up
review, and I have drawn the line against further defense cuts.u
[President Clinton's·statement 'on Readiness, December 1, 1994]
An effective defense also means one that is suited to
t6day's strategic environment.
At the President's diiection, the
Department of Defense carried out the Bottbm-Up and Nuclear
Posture Reviews to take a hard look at the structures and
strategies of our conventional and nuclear forces and adapt our
military to the challenges of the post-Cold War era.
In
particular, the Bottom-Up Review developed a strategy·to deter
and, if necessary, fight and defeat aggression by potentially
hostile regional powers, such .as Iran or Iraq .. To do this, we
must have forces·that can deploy quickly and supplement existing
U.S. forward bases and forward deployed forces to halt an
,invasion and defeat an aggressor.
We do.
Today, our forces are
prepared for two conflicts of the size of the Gulf War that might
happen almost simultaneously.
To adapt our military to current conditions also means
closing unneeded military bases. President Clinton is determined
to assist the economic redevelopment of communi ties 'affected by
these closures.
The President directed the Administration to
speed the transfer of base property for economic development~
provide .tr~nsition assistance, and invest necessary resources for
the environment'al· clean -up of defense sites.
Overall, the
Clinton Administra~ion has ~dopted a $20 billion defense
reinvestment arid conversion plan to assist workers, communities,
and businesses impacted by defense cuts.
uFrom the first days of our revolution, America's security has
depend~d on the clarity of this message: Don't tread on us.
A
form and commensurate response was essential to protect our
�6
sovereignty; to send a message to those who engage in statesponsored terrorism; to deter further violence against our
people; and to affirm the expectation of civilized behavior among
nations.
. There should be no mistake about the message'we
intend these actions to convey to Saddam Hussein, to the rest of
/
the Iraqi leadership, and to any nation, group or person who
would harm our leader or our citizens.
We will combat terrorism.
We will deter aggression.
We will protect our people.n
[President Clinton's Address to the nation on attack on Iraq, May
26, 1993].
In the end, our national security is only as.strong as our
ability to back, persistent diplomacy with the credible threat of
force, and to act decisively when necessary to def~nd our
interests.
The President's willingness to use force and the
performance of our military in the past two years have made our
country safe~ and stronger.
In the Middle East, the immediate dispatch of troops to
Kuwait stopped renewed Iraqi aggression dead in its tracks,
safeguarding vital U.S. interests in the r~gion.
Haiti's
military rulers, who had long defied the will of the Haitian
people and of the ·international community,
backed down in the
fade of the threat of U.S. power.
It was only when Haiti's
military rulers iearned that the 82nd Airborne was enroute that
we achieved peacefully what we.were prepared to do under fire.
Since then, our forces have successfully led an international
coaiition to restore democracy in that country.
In Haiti, but
also in Cuba vigorous responses to crises in Haiti and Cuba met
both our humanitarian and our immigration control objectives.
U.S, actions both provided safehaven protection to migrants
fleeing repre~sion and, by preventing access to our country, ·
stemmed the flow of migrants, thereby sparing American taxpayers
the cost of dealing with massive immigration.
�7
XB. REDUCING THE THREAT OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS AND
OTHER WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION
0
More than a score of nations likely possess [weapons of mass
destruction], and their numbers threaten to grow.
These weapons
destabilize entire regions.
They could turn a local conflict
into a global human and environmental catastrophe.
We simply
have to find ways to control these weapons and to reduce the
number'of states that possess them [ ... ] 0
[President Clinton's address to the United Nations General
Assembly, September, 1993]
Act1ons to Date
Ending the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction is
critical to our security . . The Administration has made
significant s~rides in reducing the thieat posed by present and
potential nuclear weapons states, and in curbing the developmer~
of chemical and biological we~pons.
Over the past .two years., i~:
•
Concluded agr~ements that will eliminate nuclear weapons in
Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan.
•
Reached an agreement with Russia that detargetted missiles
trained on U.S. citizens and cities.
•
Bro~ght.START- I into force, which will eliminate bombers and
missile launchers that carried over 9,000 Russian and U.S.
strategic nuclear weapons (a reduction of 40%) and opened th
door for ratification of START II which will make even more
drastic cuts.
•
Achieved·agreement .with North Korea that will lead to the
eventual elimination of its threatening nuclear program.
•
Worked to s~fely dispose of nuclear materials from the forme
Soviet· republic~.
•
Secured cornffiitments from Russia, Ukraine, China, and South
Africa to control the transfer of missiles and related
technology.
�8
•
Submitted the Chemical.Weapons Convention to the Senate and
promoted new measures to strengthen the Biological and Toxin
Weapons Conventions.
Background
With the dissoluti.on ·of the Soviet Union and the end of the .
East-West confrontation that marked much of the post-World War II
period, the proliferation of nuclear, biological, and chemical
weapons and of their delivery means now constitutes the most
pressing threat to our national security.
These weapons can
destabilize entire regibns.
They could turn a local conflict
into a global human and environmental catastrophe. Advances in
technology and the diffusion of expertise have put them within
reach of a growing number of nations.
The breakup of the Soviet
Union also increases the chances that nuclear material can fall
into the wrong hands,
To enhance America's safety, we must
reduce or eliminat~ the capabilities of countries that possess
such weapons, and prevent additional countries from acquiring
them.
Achieving this goal requires patient, per~istent, and firm
diplomacy.
The President's efforts have been remarkably
successful in diminishing this ominous security threat.
Now is
no time to relax our vigilance.
The Initiative
uBecause of the agreements we reached with Russia, with Belarus,
with Kazakhstan, with Ukraine, for the first time since the dawn
of the nuclear age, Americans can go to bed at night knowing that
nucl~ar weapons from the former Soviet Union are no longer
pointed at our children.u
The President launched a comprehensive policy to combat the
proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and of the missiles
that deliver them.
The United States secured landmark
commitments to eliminate all nuclear weapons from Ukraine,
Kazakhstan, and Belarus. With Ukraine's December 1994 accession
'to the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), all three of these
countries have now joined the NPT as non-nuclear weapon states.
A year ago, as many a~ 8,000 Russian nuclear warheads were
aimed at cities and military sites across our nation. Today, for
•
�..---~~~~~~~~~~~~---------
------------
9
the first time sitice the dawn of the nuclear age,_ not a single.
Russian nuclear weapon targets our·homes and our children. And
we will go even further.
Culminating two years of intensive
diplomacy, the United States has brought the STARi I treaty into
force and the· President will ask the Senate to approve START II.
START I will remove over 9,000 warheads from deployed forces;
START II will retire another 5,000 warhead~ currently depl6yed by
the United States and Russia.
Together, these actions mean that
the United States and the former Soviet Union will deploy only a
third of the sir~t~gic w~rheads they fielded at the height of the
Cold War.
"President Kennedy warned .
. that humanity lives under a
nuclear sword of Damocles that hung by the slenderest of threads.
Now the United States is working with Russia, Ukraine, Belarus
and others to take .that sword down, to lock it away in a secure
vault 'where ·we hope and pray it will remain forever. 11
[President Clinton's address to the United Nations General
Assembly, September, 1993]
'
With the dismantling of nuclear warheads and the loosening
of central control in the former Soviet Union, nuclear materials
risks falling into dangerous hands.
To minimize this danger, the
United Stat~s has helped Russia and other s~at~s of the former
Soviet Union improve security over their riuclear material.
The
Clinton Administration committed funds in Russia, Ukraine,
Kazakh~tan, and Belarus to eli~inate strategic nuclear weapons,
convert defen-?e industries to civilian production, an·d provide
useful, non-military projects for scientists whose .knowledge of
weapons of· mass destruction would make attractive targets for
recruitment by potential proliferators.
It arranged for the
conversion of 500 tons of Russian highly-enriched uranium from
dismantled we~pons to civil reactor fuel.
It safely disposed of
more than 600 kilograms of highly-enriched uranium from
Kazakhstan.
These were smart {nvestments in odr future, for
tightened controi over nuclea-r materials and weapons greatly
enhances the security of America's citizens.
"Our patient but hardheaded diplomacy has secured an agreement
with North Korea on nuclear issues that is clearly and profoundly
in our interest.
The critics of that agreement are wrong.
The
deal stops North Korea's nuclear program in its tracks.
It will
'roll it back in years to caine. 11
[President Clinton, January, 1995].
For at least the past ten yeats, the world has known that
Korea h~d an active nuclear program. Without the
President's persistent and tough diplomacy, North Korea would be
No~th
�10
completing reactors designed to produce dozens of weapons' worth
of plutonium annually.
Instead, North Korea has halted and will
eventually ~liminate its potentially deadly plutonium production
program. International inspectors confirm that the program is
frozen and they will continue to monitor it.
Some·have
criticized the Framework, but the only alternative they have to
offer is a ~uclearized North Korea, rising tensions on the Korean
peninsula, and the risk of war with the pot~ntial for countless
·American and Korean lost lives.
Iraq's SCUD missile attacks on Israel and Saudi Arabia
during the Gulf War brought home to all Americans the real threat
posed by the spread of ballistic missiles in regions of tension.
The United.St~tes has responded to this threat by securing
commitments from four key potential missile suppliers -- Russia,
Ukiaine, China and South Africa -- to control the transfer of
ballistic missiies and related technology.
The Gulf War also underscored the dangers to American forces
of the proliferation of chemical and biological weapons.
A new
international t~eaty prohibiting all activities related to the
acquisition and use of chemical ~eapons -- the'Chemical Weapons
Convention -- has been completed.
President Clinton has
submitted t~is treaty to the Senate and has called upon all
countries to ratify quickly so that it can enter into force at
the earliest possible date.
The President also has directed that
the U.S. promote new measures to strengthen the international
treaty outlawing biological weapons.-- the 1972 Biological and
Toxin Weapons Convention.
In the years ahead, the President will continue to build on
these accomplishments.
The United States will lead the effort in
support of th6se agreements that can best stop the spread of
weapons of mass destruction: Achieving the indefinite and .
unconditional extension of th~ Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty,
attaining .full Russian compliance with the Biological and Toxic
Weapons Convention, and concluding at the earliest possible date
a treaty banning all nuclear tests and the production of nuclear
materials for weapons.
The United States also will remain
vigilant in m6nitoring Saddam Hussein's weapons program and will
continue to press other state~ to stop assi~ting Iran's efforts
to acquire nuclear arms and other we~pons of mass destruction.
In the post-Cold War world, when the nuclear arms race seems
a relic of. t·he past, it . is tempting to neglect these broader
efforts.
But doing so would be irresponsible.
The actions taken
by the President today offer future generations of Americans the
best and most concrete form of protection.
�-----------------------
11
xc·.
ADVANCING EUROPEAN SECURITY
Actions to Date
Europe is central to America's security and to its prosperity.
President Clinton's goal is an integrated democratic Europe
cooperating with the United States to keep the peace and promote
prosperity.
The President h~s taken decisive action on this
front:
·
•
Initiated the process of bringing Europe's new· democracies
into NATO
•
Proposed. and helped treate the Partnership for Peace in
Europe.
•
Undertook actions with NATO allies and the United Nations to
contain the conflict in Bosni~, alleviate suffering, iighten
sanctions against Serbia and the Bosnian Serbs, and enforced a
no-fly zone.
Background
European stability is vital to our own safety, a lesson we
have learned twice at great cost this century.
A stable Europe
and vibrant European economies also mean more jobs for Americans.
at home and investment opportunities abroad.
Success on this
fronts largely depends on America's ability to forge durable
security structures.with.nations in the region.
With the collapse of the Soviet empire and the emergence of
new democracies in its wake, the United States has an
unparalleled opportunity to contribute ~o a stable, free and
undivided Europe.
President Clinton is determined to seize it.
The Initiative
uover time, [Europ~an and transatlantic institutions], working in
close copperation with the United Nations can support and extend
the democracy, stability and prosperity that Western Europe and
North America ~ave enjoyed for 50 years.
This is the future we
·
are working to build.H
[President Clinton, December 5, l994].
)
�.--------------------------------------------------
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12
In th~ last two years, the Clinton Administration has made
considerable progress in building and adapting institutions of
European security. At the President's initiative, the January
1994 NATO Summit approved the Partnership for Peace - the first
security arrangement that can encompass all countries of the
continent.
To date, 23 countries (including Russia) have joined
the Partnership, paving the way for a growing program of military
cooperation and political consultation, and increasing our own
security.
President Clinton also has taken important steps to
strengthen NATO, the historic guarantor of peace and stability in
Europe.
During his trip to Europe in July, the President
reaffirmed his commitment to NATO's future expansion.
Expanding
NATO will promote our i~terests by reducing the chance of
conflict in Europe's eastern half - the starting point of two
world wars and of the Cold War.
The prospect of membership will
build confidence in the new democracies and provide them with a
powerful incentive td consolidate their reforms.
During 1995,
under our leadership, NATO allies will agree on the process and
objectives of NATO's gradual expansion.
The United States worked closely with Russia, Latvia, and
Estonia tp facilitate agreements on the complete withdrawal of
Russian troops from the Baltics.
This, coupled with the final
withdrawal of Russian forces from Germany, means that for the
first time since the end of World War II no Russian troops remain
in Central and Eastern Europe.
The United States also has led efforts by NATO and the
United Nations to prevent the conflict in the former Yugosla~ia
from spreading into a broader European war, alleviate human
suffering, and encourage the parties to negotiate.
df course, we
remain frustrated by the intractability of the Bosnian war.
Yet,
while we have no~ succeeded in achieving a political settlement,
the Clinton Administration led the fight to tighten international
economic sanGtions against Serbia and the Bosnian Serbs and
established the United Nations War Crimes Tribunal, which is
beginning to prosecute its first cases. American leadership also
paved the way for NATO's decision to enforce a no-fly zone and
for its ultimatum ending Serb shelling of Sarajevo.
�---------
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13
XD. BEING AN EFFECTIVE PEACEMAKER AND MEDIATOR
uThe United States has been proud to serve as a full partner in
the search for'peace [in the Middle East].
Not by imposing peace
or making life and death decisions for others.
That must be the
responsibility ofthe leaders and people of the region.
Rather,
America's role is to facilitate negotiated compromise and to
underwrite reasonable risk-taking.
And that is why we have
done."
[President Clinton, August, 1994].
Actions to Date
Because of its moral leadership and stature, the United
States enjoys a unique position to broker peace, thereby
preventing regtonal conflicts from threatening our security.
President Clinton has played a key role in resolving longstanding international disputes.
Since taking office, he:
•
Helped-Israel and the Palestinians implement their histori6
accord ..
•
Helped Israel and Jordan
•
Contributed to a historic
peace in Northern Ireland.
•
Helped Muslims and Croats end their war in Bosnia and helped
establish a bicommunal Bosnian-Croat Federation.
•
Encouraged peaceful resolution of crises in Africa - including
South Afri~a, Liberia, Angola, and Mo~ambique.
•
Developed a comprehensive framework for U.S. policy on
peacekeeping and peace-enforcement in the post-Cold War era.
ach~eve
a peace treaty.
cease~fire
and negotiations for
Background
Toci often, regional conflicts persist until they develop
into ctises with serious security·implications for the United
States or its allies.
The best examples are ~n the Middle East,·
where enduring conflict between Israel and its· Arab neighbors has
brought us to the brink of direct military engagement and where
�.-----------------------------------------------------------------
14
Americans have had to pay a heavy price for other regional
disputes.
That is why our presidents historically have been involved
in efforts to mediate between entrenched adversaries.
President
Clinton stands firmly in that tradition.
Through his personal
engagement, he has helped resolve and mediate some of the most
intractable and significant regional problems of our time.
The Initiative
For almost half a century, administrations of both parties
have understood America's vital interests in the Middle East: To
ensure Israel's security and to guarantee unimpeded access to
oil. We know from experience how events in the region can have a
direct impact on our well-being - by raising the price of oil and
strangling our economy, or by 'fueling the kind of terrorist
extremism witnessed in New York.
This is why on more than one
occasion - for instance during Operation Desert Storm - American
soldiers have risked their lives to defend our vital national
interests in this region.
It also is why the United States has
worked:tirelessly to achieve a comprehensive peace between Arabs
and Israelis.
Never before have we been closer to that goal. '
Patient American diplomacy and President Clinton's personal
involvement helped bring about many historic firsts in the Middle
East peace progress:
The handshake of peace between Israeli
Prime Minister Rabin and Chairman Arafat on the White House lawn;
the historic peace treaty between Israel an~ Jordan; progress on
ending the Arab boycott of Israel; a package of international·
assistance to help ·finance the difficult task of peace-building;
and new.ties between Israel and a growing nu~ber of Arab states.
The United State~ also facilit~ted serious negotiations between
Israel and Syria and between Israel and Lebanon. In each case,
credit belongs to those riations' leaders and their courageous
people. But in each of these instances, countries of the region
have looked to America's leadership to help move them towards a
peaceful settlement. And with each of these steps, our country
and our economy grow safer and more secure.
The same farsighted commitment to peace guided the United
States efforts to bring about a settlement in another regia~ with
close historic ties to our nation.
In Northern Ireland, the
President helped achieve a historic cease-~ire by both the Irish
Republican Army and loyalist paramilitaries. To support the
Irish people as they move towards reconciliation, he also
�15
announced a· White· House Conference on Trade and Investment in
Ireland which will be held next May.
In other·cqntexts during the past two years, the United
States has played-a major, and in some cases decisive, role in
facilitating negotiated compromise. America played a leading·
role in bringing an end to two decades of civil war and promoting
national reconciliation in Angola and Mozambique . . Elsewhere in
Africa - in _Burundi, Liberia, and Sudan - the United States
encouraged peaceful resolutioh of intern~l disputes. We helped
South Africans rid themselves of apartheid~ and Haitians -of their
repressive military regime.
In Bosnia, United States diplomacy
helped Muslims and Croats end their war and negotiate a
Federation between·the two communities.
Throughout, the
President hAs b~en an-effective peacemaker whose actions already
have had an impact in changing the lives of millions of
individuals in· Africa, Europe, and the Middle E~st.
''The reason we have supported [peacekeeping] missions is not, as
some critics in the United. States have charged, to subcontract
American foreign policy, but to strengthen our security, protect
our interests, and to share among nations the costs and effort of
pu.r:suing peace.
Peacekeeping cannot be a substitute .for our own
national defense efforts, but it can strongly supplement them."
[President Clinton's address to the UN General Assembly,
September, 1993].
Most of our efforts to broker peace or mediate conflict do
not involve U.S. forces.
However; there are times where our
forces, along with others in the international community, are
needed to keep th~ peace.
This is a tool every President from
Truman and Ei~enhower to Reagan and Bush has used to advance
America's interests. Under President. Clinton's leadership, t~e
United States has deployed over 500 peacekeepers in the Former
Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia to prevent an expansion of the
Bosnian conflict that could imperil stability in Europe.
There
as elsewhere, pe~cekeeping operations can be an important means
to supp6rt our national security interests.
But President Clinton is determined to improve the way these
international efforts are conducted.
His policy on Reforming
Multilateral Peace Operations is a comprehensive framework to
address peacekeeping issues in the post-Cold War age.
The
President will not hand a blank check to the United Nations;
rather, his policy review requires the U.S. to make disciplined
6hoices about whether we will support multilateral peace
.operations .. President Clinton will ensure that our engagement
abroad remains selective, focused on the challenges that are most
relevant to our interests, and 'that United Nations peace
�16
operations are carried out with clear objectives and with a clear
endpoint in ~ind.
The Pres~dent also will reduce our share of UN
peacekeeping payment from 31 to 25% this year, and get other
countries to assume their fair share.
Overal·l, America's willingness to facilitate negotiated
compromise .and to ~nderwrite reasonable risk-taking builds on a
common-sense principle: It is a wise investment in our national
security to help resolve potentially dangerous conflicts at
minimal human and material cost.
�17
XE. PROMOTING DEMOCRACY
uA coalition for democracy -- it's good for.America.
. Our
efforts to help. build more democracies will make us all more
secure, more prosperous, and more successful, as we try t.o make
this era of terrific change our fiend ana not our enemy. //
[President Clinton's address to the UN General Assembly,
l
September 26, 1994].
Actions to Date
Securing and expanding the community of democratic nations
is consistent with American ideals and advances our national
interests.
During the past two years, the United States has:
•
Assisted the n~wly independent states of the former Soviet
Union such as Russia and Ukraine make progress toward
democracy and ·market reforms .
•
•
Supported the democratic and free market transformation of
formerly.communist states in Central and Eastern Europe.
• · Restored democracy and created a secure and stable environment
in Haiti.
· •
•
Assisted in South Africa's transition to democracy_ by
providing support for.elections and development.
Hosted ·the Summit of the Americas, the first gathering in
nearly 30 years of the democratic nations of our·hemisphere.
Background
All of America's strategic interests - from promoting
prosperity at home to checking global threats before they
threaten our· territory - are served by enlarging the community of
democratic and free market nations.
Democratic nations are less
likely to wage war; they are more likely to promote open markets
and free trade; and they are more likely to provide people with
the economic· and political tools to build their futures in their
countries, not to flee their home.
Expanding the community of
democratic nations is thus directly related to the physical and
economic security of all Americans: It reduces the .risk that the
United States will have to use its military forces to defend
�r-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-------------
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18
itself or is allies, increases opportunities for U.S. exports,
and stems the flow of refugees to our shores.
In other. words; there is no dichotomy between America's
interests and America's values.
America's efforts to help build
more democracies will make us ~ll more secure, more prosperous,
and more successful.
In the past few years, we have witnessed a rising tide of
states moving away, from repressive governance and toward
democracy.
The Clinton Administration's policy of enlargement
aims at consolidating those regimes and broadening their
commitment to democracy.
The core of the President's strategy is
to help democracy and markets expand and survive in countries
where we have the strongest security concerns and-where we can
make the greatest difference: In states with large economies,
nuclear weapons, critical locations, or the potential to generate
refugee flows into our nation.
This is not a democratic crusade; it is a pragmatic
commitment to help freedom take hold where that will help us
most.
Over the past two years, President Clinton has taken
decisive steps to defend democracy where it most counts - in
Russia, in other states of the former Soviet Union, in Central
and Eastern Europe, and in our own hemisphere.
The· -Initiative
uDemocracy is rooted in compromise not conquest.
It rewards
tolerance, not.hatred.
Democracies rarely wage war on one
another.
They make more r~liable partners in trade, in diplomacy
and in the stewardship of our global environment.
In democracies
with the rule of law ·and respect for political, religious and
cultural minorities are more responsive to their own people and
to the protection of human rights.u
[President Clinton's address to the UN General Assembly,
September, 1993] .
Supporting the democratic and free market transformation of
the nations emerging from the former So~iet bloc -- Central and
Eastern Europe, Russia, Ukraine, and other newly independent
states -- is a priority for the Clinton Administration, for
America has a tremendous stake in the success of this historic
process.
Like its past, Russia's future will have a critical
impact on our nation.
If reform succeeds, we can turn a former
threat into a valued diplomatic and economic partner, secure
compliance with international non-proliferation accords, and be
able to devote a greater share of our resources to creating jobs
\
�19
or educating our children.
The President
recognizing that
Russia's historic transformation will experience ups and downs
has not wavered from the course of patient, responsible support
for Russian reform.
Two World Wars and a·cold War hear witness to our enduring
commitment to - and stake in - Central and Eastern Europe.
The
Clinton Administration iecognized that the sucriessful
transformation of this region into one of democratic states would
enhance our security and create new opportunities for trade.
These nations ·have already made significant progress in their
transforrn~tion; their successful integration into an expanding
democratic community would show the way for other nations of the
post-communist world.
To strengthen democracy, market economic reform, and
security in the entire post-Soviet and Central Europe, the
Clinton Administration:
•
In~ensified our·econornic, security and political cooperation
with Cen~ral and Eastern European democracies, beginning with
the Pr~sident's Prague Summit in January 1994 and continuing
through the.Riga and Warsaw trips in July and the Budapest
trip in December;
•
Created a commission (led by Vice-President Gore and Russian
Prime Minister Chernornydin) to expand economic and commercial
ties with Ru~sia and promote mutually advantageous cooper~tion
in science,· space, and the environment;
•
Greatly. expanded relations with Ukraine, Kazakhstan and other
newly independent states;
•
Secured a comprehensive assistance package for the new
independ~nt states to help the~ develop into market economies
and become attractive partners for American trade and
investment;
•
Launched an intensified
wealth-generating trade
Eastern Europe, through
for Central· and Eastern
effort to promote job-creating and
and investment with Central and
the Trade .and Investment Conference
Europe held in Cleveian~ in January.
Closer t~ horne, the President .has taken steps to consolidate
the tran~ition to democracy and free markets in our hemisphere.
As a result, regional stability has increased and trade
opportunities multiplied.
�20
When then-GoVernor tlinton ran for the Presidency, he
promised to toughen sanctions against the military rulers of
Haiti until democracy wa~ restored.
On October 15, 1994, using a
combination of vigorous diplomatic pressure and the threat of
overwhelming U.S. military power, the United States led a
multinational coalition that peacefully restored President
Aristide and his constitutionally established government.
American and other troops have now created an environment in
which Haitians can live in security.rather than flee to our
shores at great risk to themselves.
At the same time, the United
States and others are working with Haitians to train a new police
force, build judicial institutions, and hold free and fair
elections.
President Clinton also brought together all 34
democratically elected leaders of the Western hemisphere at the
Summit of the Americas.
The gathering both symbolized and
accelerated the historic move towards a democratic hemisphere,
~ith the prospect of genuine political stability and expanding
markets.
The President has been steadfast in his support for
democracy in other critical locations.
Convinced that South
Africa has the potential to alter the world trend toward greater
ethnic division and establish a powerful model for democratic
.reform, the Clinton Administration played an aggressive role in
helping South Africa shape its democratic future.
The United
States supported the country's first free, multira6ial elections
with $435 million in aid.
Following President Mandela's
election, the Administration reaffirmed its commitment with a
$600 million trade and investment package.
This support will
benefit not only South Africans but Americans as well, for it
will generate increased trade and export opportunities in a
dynamic market.
�21
XF. CONFRONTING TRANSNATIONAL THREATS
.
.
uTheie are still dangers in the world -- rampant arms
.proliferation, bitter regional conflicts, ethnic and nationalist
tensions Ln many new democracies, severe environmental
degradation. the world over, and fanatics who seek to cripple the
world's cities·with terror.
As the world's greatest power, we
must,· theref,ore, maintain our defenses and responsibilities."
[President Cliriton's State of the Union address, January,
19~4]
Actions to Date
We live ·in a.world in which the security of Americans is
tied to the security of others in countless ways.
We need to
take these transnational threats head on, lest they jeopardize
our immediate safety and the well-being of future generations.
Since taking off~ce, the Clinton Administration:
• . Blocked the assets in the United States of terrorist
organizations that threaten to disrupt the Middle East peace
process and prohibited financial transactions with these
groups.
•
Carried out a.massive humanitarian mission in Rwanda that
saved seveial ~horisand liVes.
•
Negotiated and Signed the Desertification Convention that will
help preserve the world's drylands.
•
Asserted world leadership.on environmental and population
issuesj playing a key role at the International Conference on
Population and Development.
Background
In today's world, we face a number of transnational problems
that jeopardize 'international stability, America's security, and
the long-term well~being of our citizens.
These threats might
not appear as· immediate as direct military challenges.
But they
can be just as significant.
.
.
Transnational phenomena such as terrorism, international
'
.
crime, alien s~uggling, humanitarian catastrophes, environmental
degradation, natural resource depletion, and or unsustainable
'
�22
population _growth, have both short and long-term security
implications for eve'ry American.
If our generation does not
resolutely tackle these problems, they will threaten America's
way of life and prosperity.
That fundamental principle governs
President Clinton's strategy.
The Initiative·
uThis year, I'll submit to Congress comprehensive legislation to
strengthen our hand in combating terrorists -- whether they
strike at home or abroad.
As the cowards who bombed the World
Trade C~nter found out, this country will hunt down terrorists
and bring them to justice.
We cannot permit the future to be
marred by terror and fear and paralysisu
[President Cltnton's State of the Union address, January 23,
1995] .
As the World Trade Center bombing and repeated terrorist
actions in the Middle East remind us, international terrorism
threatens our national security interests'and the physical safety
of our citizens.
President Clinton is committed to punish and
deter terrorists.
Following a determination that Iraq plotted an
assassinati6n attempt against former President Bush, Presid~nt
Clinton ordered a cruis·e missile attack against the· headquarters
of Iraq's intelligence service. At the same time,, America is
incre~sing international pressure against states that sponsor
terrorists, ~nd sharing intelligence and coordinating anti-·
terrorist efforts with friends and allies.
And the.United States
obtained convictions against defendants in the bombing of the
World Trad~ Center.
This year, the President will send to the Congress
comprehensive an~i-terrorism legislation that will strengthen our
ability to preyent terrorist acts, identify those who carry them
out arid bring them to justice·. As p~ri of that effort, the ·
Pres~dent signed an executive order to ~lock terrorist
.organizations' assets in the United States.
The President's
action provides the Administration with a new tool to combat
fundraising in this country on behalf of organizations that use
terror to undermine the Middle East peace process.
Under·President Clinton's leadership, the United States is
similar transnational problems head on international crime, drug traffidking, and alien smuggling.
The
United States is insisting that other countries extradite or
prosecute international fugitives and ensure that convicted
criminals serve. tough sentences.· The Unit~d States also is
mobilizing global law enforcement against the drug cartels and
confront~ng
�23
using foreign aid to back legal alternatives to_opium poppy and
cocoa cultivation. The Clinton Administration's resolute
response to the smuggling of large numbers of ~liens by criminal
syndicates has· saved American citizens millions of dollars. '
Humanitarian tragedies are yet another global issue that
threaten to spill over across borders, :r;-esult in massive
population transfers, and ultimately destabilize entire regions.
~hile the United States cannot and will not intervene in all
circumstances, the President will take appropriate steps to
contain these crises and alleviate their impact.
In Rwanda, the
humanitarian qatastrophe dwarfed the ability of civilian relief
agencies to respond~ and the need for relief was urgent.
The
action of our troops saved hundreds of thousands of lives. We
delivered more than 1,300 tons of equipment, food, water and
medicine. We increased safe water production and distribution
from ·nothing to 100,000 gallons a tlay.
Likewise, our forces
came t~ the help of the people in Bosnia, carrying out the
longest humanitarian air lift in history.
r
"Let us also v.;ork far more ambitiously to fulfill our obligations
as custodians of this planet, not only to improve the quality of
life for our citizens and the quality of our air and water and
the Earth itself, but also because the roots of conflict are so
often entangled with the roots of environmental neglect and the
calamity of famine and disea~e."
[President Clinton~s address to the UN General Assembly,
September, 1993].
The range of environmental risks serious enough to
jeopardize our security includes deforestation, uncontrolled
population growth, industrial pollution, loss of biodiversity,
ozone depletion, and global climate change.
To confront these
challenges requires forging partnerships among governments and
exercising forceful international leadership.
The Clinton
Administration has done both .. In the past two years, the United
States negot~ated ~nd signed the Desertification Convention,
which will p~otect long-term use of inhabited drylands.
Combating desertification is of critical importance to the
world's future - to the health of our environment, the
a~ailability of resources, the.el{mination of famine and
maln~trition.Th~ Administration also concluded negotiations on
the Law of the Sea Treaty, protecting U.S. interests in access to
the mineral resources of the deep seabed, and signed the
Biodiversity Convention.
America has taken a leading international role to phase out
the production of the most ozone-depleting substances. And the
U.S. assert~d world leadership on population issues, playing a
�..
24
key role during the Cairo conference on Population and
Development to achieve a broad international consensus.
The
Program of Action will result in increased availability of
voluntary family planning and reproductive health services,
strengthening of fa~ily ties, the empowerment of women, and a
reduction in infant and child mortality through immunizations and
other programs.
In a very real sense, the Clinton Administration
has mobilized .the world community on b~half of our children. and
of their well-being.
/
�
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National Security Council
Speechwriting Office
Robert Boorstin
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1994-1995
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
<a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/show/36020" target="_blank">Collection Finding Aid</a>
<a href="http://catalog.archives.gov/id/7585788" target="_blank">National Archives Catalog Description</a>
Identifier
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2006-0460-F
Description
An account of the resource
<p>Robert Boorstin served in the Clinton Administration for a period of seven years in various capacities. From 1994 to 1995 he worked as President Clinton's chief speechwriter at the National Security Council, and afterwards was senior advisor to Secretary of State Warren Christopher and to Secretary of the Treasury Robert Rubin.</p>
<p>This collection consists of speech drafts, newspaper and magazine articles, memos, correspondence, schedules, and handwritten notes. Most of the speech drafts contain much in the way of comments, additions, and deletions. Remarks by President Clinton, Anthony Lake, Samuel Berger, and Warren Christopher can be found in the collection. Countries dealt with include Haiti, the Baltic States, Germany, Poland, and Indonesia.</p>
<p>This collection was made available through a <a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/freedom-of-information-act-requests">Freedom of Information Act</a> request.</p>
Provenance
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Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
Publisher
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Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Format
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Adobe Acrobat Document
Extent
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959 folders in 34 boxes
Text
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Original Format
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Paper
Dublin Core
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Title
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"Bill of Rights" Book - Draft #1
Creator
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National Security Council
Speechwriting Office
Robert Boorstin
Identifier
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2006-0460-F
Is Part Of
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Box 1
<a href="http://clintonlibrary.gov/assets/Documents/Finding-Aids/2006/2006-0460-F.pdf" target="_blank">Collection Finding Aid</a>
<a href="http://catalog.archives.gov/id/7585788" target="_blank">National Archives Catalog Description</a>
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
Format
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Adobe Acrobat Document
Publisher
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Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Medium
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Reproduction-Reference
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
6/26/2014
Source
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42-t-7585788-20060460f-001-004-2014
7585788