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THE PRESI DENT HAS SEEN
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THE WHITE HOUSE
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WASHINGTON
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MEMORANDUM FOR
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. May 29,1999
T~SIDENT
FROM:
DAVID GOODFRIEND
SUBJECT:
Recent Information Items
We are forwarding the following recent information items:
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Reed memo on strategy for national campaign on youth violence - Bruce says that
Eli Segal and Sarah Brown are heading an informal steering committee to make
recommendations on immediate organizational steps for the campaign (i.e., finding an
~ executive director, since Eli doesn't want to do it; naming a board of directors; drafting a
prospectus; and formally organizing under an, existing non-profit) in time for the
campaign to be up and ninning when school starts; Bruce will continue to look for new
commitments' from organizations that took part in the summit (e.g~, FTCIDO] study on
marketing of violence; nationwide teacher-training effort through NEA and others).
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Sec. Glickman memo on prospects for farm economy in 2000 - Sec. Glickman reports
that he expects continued financial problems through 2000; prospects for livestock
probably will improve due to reduced production; crop farmers will continue to endure
financial stress, perhaps impacting the presidential campaign; exports probably will
decline for the third consecutive year; continued low prices and income could further
reduce land values, probably leading to another credit crunch next spring. Please see
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' memo for summary ofmajor commodity markets.
Tenet letter on anti-Semitism in CIA, via Chuck -- Regarding recent media reports of
alleg~ ariti-Semitism affecting CIA employees and persons in the CIA clearance process,
Dir~tortenet said thathe will not tolerate any form of discrimination at CIA; he
convened a panel to assess the allegations; the panel found instances of insensitivity but _'.
not anti-Semitism; and he asked ~e Anti-Defamation League to help with sensitivity
training. Chuck says CIA's General Counsel briefed him and NSC staff about the
specific case referred. to in Tenet's letter; he will continue to stay in to~ch with CIA on
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this matter.
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Berger memo on Gulf War, Ko~ovo'sorties - R~sponding to your question, Sandy
reports that there were over 112,000 sorties flown during the Gulf War ~y2,780 aircraft;
total sorties flown in Kosovo so far (day 66) is 27,800. Please see attached chart.
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Berger memo on military recruiting and retention -Responding to your question
about a US News and World Report article describing the difficulties in personnel
recruitment ~d retention, Sandy says the article correctly stated that the Army and Air
�THE P1iESJDENT ~ ~~
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THE WHITE HOUSE·
WASH I NGTON
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MEMORANDUM FOR THE
,'May 26, 1999
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FROM:
Bruce Reed
SUBJECT:
National Campaign on Youth Violence' '
This ~emo outlines our strategy for getting the national campaign up 'and running, and
for taking additional steps to build on the succe~s of the youth violence summit.
I.
Organization
Over the last two weeks, we have had several discussions with Eli Segal and Sarah
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Brown to review their experiences with the Welfare~to':" Work Partnership and the National
Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy, and work through the mechanics and structure of this new
campaign.
As an interim step, Eli and Pam Eakes have agreed to head a small, informal steering
committee of summit participants that will lead the search for an executive director and board of
directors. This group will oversee the most immediate organizational steps:
1. Executive Director: This campaign will never really take off until we can hand it
over ,to the right person outsi<.te the White House who can work full-time raising
money and organizing. Several names have been mentioned - Michael Berman, Sam
Brown, Ricki Seidman, Eli Segal. But apart from Eli, who doesn't want the job right
qow, no.consensus candidate has emerged.
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Board ofDirectors: Several people at the summit would be logical board members...,..
Drew Altman ofKaiser, Pam Eakes, Steve Case, Gloria Estefan.But these decisions
must be made carefully: The board'needs to reflect the different sectors represented ,
, at the suminit, have a common undeistanding of the campaign's mission, and be able
to take the lead in raising money. (The teen pregnancy campaign relies on its board·
primarily for fundraising, and set up advisory task forces on the media, best practices,
and grassroots efforts as a way to involve a broader range ofexperts and activists.): ,
3. Prospectus: Because a campaign like this could go in many different directions, we . ",
should make some choices at the outset. We are writing a draft prospectus that will
give you and the First Lady a chance to mull over those issues, and that eventually
�will serve as a mission statement for the organization and an entree to foundations.
The prospectus will spell out the guiding principles ofthe organization, the rationale
for the c;u:npaign, an agenda for the first year, and measurable goals for the long tenn.
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4. Non-Profit Status: One of the first steps the campaign needs to take is to formally
organize under an existing non-profit (possibly the Kaiser Foundation or Mothers .
Against Violence), so tharit-can begin receiving contributions.
We have asked Eli and Pam to help us make recommendations to you in all these areas in
the next 30-60 days,so that the organization can be up and running when school resumes in the
fall. In the meantime, we are following up with every sUmmit participant through phone calls,
photos, and a letter from you th8nking .them for their involvement and seeking their continued
support. We also are firming up commitments to the campaign that several major organizations
. (ywCA; AMA, Nat. Assn. ofElementary School Principals) made before the summit. Scores of
other organizations have written the White House with offers to help the national campaign; we
are sending them letters as well, and pursuing those that have the most promise.
II.
Communications Strategy
. To maintain the momentum ofthis effort, we will continue to look for new commitments.
from organizations that took part in the summit, additional actions you can take on your own,
and new sectors you can challenge: .
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1. Federal Trade Commission I Justice Department study: Unless the Justice
Department backs away from providing the funds, next Tuesday you can announce a
joint FTC-DOJ study of whether the movie, recording, andvideogame industries liye
up to their own systems of self-regulation,.and to what extent those industries market
violence to young people.
2. Nationwide effort to train teachers to identify 'troubled youth: We ~ working.
with the NEA and other education groups on a nationwide teacher training campaign. .
VIe're stjll working out the details, but we hope to be able to announce at the Mental
Health C'onference that Education, Justice, and these orgairizations would sponsor a
senes ofteleconferences this summer with experts on identifying and helping
troubled youth. The Education Department would then make videotapes of the .
sessions available to every school district~efore school resumes. In addition, we may
be able to Join in NEA' s announcemep.t of a school safety network that will provide
satellite dishes, donated by a company in Littleton, to 1,000 school districts around
the country.
3. ' Other challenges: We are wor~ng with the Vice President's office to see whether
we can persuade a group of retailers to agree to strengthen enforcement of the
videogame ratings system by refusing to sell adult-rated software to children. We
would like to teach a similar agreement with Blockbuster and other videostores, but
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have not gained a foothold yet. We will continue to press the National Alliance of
Theater Owners to go along with your challenge to card under-age moviegoers. We
have found a few people in the entertainment community who like your challenge not
. o market guns in ads or previews, but no big names yet. If any new commitments
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pan out in time, you and First Lady can announce them in your Good Morning
America interview on June 4th.
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�May 8,1999
BRIEFING ON YOUTH VIOLENCE ISSUES
fROM:
NEERA TANDEN .
RUBY SHAlVIIR
Following are statistics on factors that may contribute to eruptions of youth viol~nce. The first
section is a synopsis of several studies on media violence and its effects on children's behavior.
The second section, on the state of the nation's children, notes that feelings of depression and
isolation appear to be growing. The third section includes statistics on gun violence.
Media Violence
There have been numerous studies on the effects of television violence on children. The vast
majority of these studies, which cover a range of settings and issues, have concluded that
violence on television promotes aggressive behavior in children.
Television Programming Content
Several studies have measured the quantity of violence that appears on television. A 1992 study
entitled "Big World, Small Screen: The Role of Television in American Society" noted that the
level"ofviolence in prime time television has remained at approximately five violent acts per
hour, while the level of violence in children's Saturday morning programming is much higher at
an average of 20 to 25 violent acts per hour. The study further estimated that children witness
8,000 murders and 100,000 other assorted acts of violence by. the time they graduate from
elementary school, and an estimated 16,000 simulated murders and 200,000 acts of violence by
the time they are teens.
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The Center for Media and Public Affairs observed programming on 10 channels on one eighteenhour day and found that between 1992 and 1994 the levels of violence increased 41 % from 10
scenes of violence per hour in 1992 to 15 scenes of violence per hour in 1994. By 1996, the.
same study found that the levels of gunplay violence nearly tripled increasing 334% over the
three seasons observed.
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According to the 1996 National Television Violence Study, a three-year study financed by the
cable industry, the majority of television programs (57%) contained some violent content. The
study also found that perpetrators of violent acts on television go unpunished 73% of the time
and that 25% of violent acts on television involve the use of a handgun. Children's programs
posed special concerns because they were least likely to depict the long-term consequences of
violence (5%) and they portray violence in a humorous fashion 67% of the time.
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�Impact ofMedia Violence
Studies on the effects of television violence on children have taken place in a range Qf settings -
in controlled l.ab settings and natural settings, over the course of many years, and in the short
term - and the·vast majority of them have concluded that violence on television leads to
aggressive .behavior.
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The 1972 Surgeon General Report said "We know that children imitate and learn from
everything they see - parents, fellow children, school, the media; it would be extraordinary,
indeed, if they did not imitate and learn from what they see on television." Experiments carried
out for this report revealed that violence on television causes children either to mimic directly the
actions they view, or ft may instigate aggressive behavior. Other studies found that if an actor is
rewarded for violent Qehavior, children are more likely to imitate it.
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In 1992, the Journal ofthe American Medical Association published a special article on the
effects of television Violence on young children. The report reconfirmed the findings of previous
reports such as the 1972 report and a 1982 National Institute of Mental Health study -- that
young children have an instinct to imitat~ behavior. It further noted ~hat "they do not possess an
instinct for gauging a priori whether a behavior ought to be imitated ....up through the ages 3 and
4 years, many children are unable to distinguish fact from fantasy in television programs ..."
According to the American Psychiatric Association, ignoring consequences of violence (which
apparently happens 73% of the time according to the 1996 National Television Vioience Study
referenced above) or depicting the consequences unreasonably sets in motion a destructive
encoding process. Viewers become desensitiz.ed and fearful and beginto identity with aggressors
and the aggressors' solutions to various problems. The violent behaviors and attitudes thus
encoded; aggression becomes all the more likely in personal situations.
Studies have shown that television violence has a particularly negative effect on children who
have a tendency towards aggressive behavior.. However~ it is important to note that television
violence affects youngsters of all ages, both genders, all socioeconomic levels and all levels of
intelligence. Dr. Leonard Eron of the University of Chicago has said that the effect is not limited
to children predisposed to aggressive behavior. Instead, television violence creates a vicious
cycle in which televised violence causes children to become more aggressive, and these more
aggressive children in turn, watch more violence on television to justify their own behavior.
Recent studies have measured the longer-term effects of televisi~n violence by tracking subjects
from childhood to adulthood. Dr. Eron led a study in 1960 that tracked 870 youth in New York
and found that a boy's early childhood aggression in elementary school was statistically related
to aggressive anti-social behavior 10 years later. A 22-year follow-up with the same group of
children found that their early violence viewing related to their adult criminality at age 30.
�State of the Nation's Children
Children and Depression
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The National Mental Health Association (MNHA) cites a number of studies and statistics on
childhood depression. The NINHA also marked May 6 as Childhood Depression Awareness Day
to bring attention to the condition.
• As many as one in every 33 children and one in eight adolescents may have depression. (U.S.
Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS), 1996)
• . Once a young person has experienced a major depression, he or she is.at risk of developing
another depression within the next five years. (CMHS, 1996)
• Two-thirds of children with mental health problems do not get the help they need. (CMHS,
1996)
• Suicide is the third leading cause of death for 15 to 24 year olds (approximately 5,000
young people) and the sixth leading cause of death for five to 15 year olds. (American
'Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP), 1995.)
• The rate of suicide for five to 24 year oids has nearly tripled since 1960, making it the
leading cause of death in adolescents and the second leading cause of death among college
age youth. (AACAP, 1995)
Children's Attitudes
As you know, the Ad Council produced a study entitled "Kids These Day: What American
Really Think About the Next Generation," covering a range of issues. The study, a collection of
surveys, demonstrated widely held concerns that young people today face a moral crisis because
parents are careless and not sufficiently engaged in the lives of their children. The study further
noted that parents do not feel that they are able to spend enough time with their children, because
they must work harder.
The study had a special focus on teen's attitudes. Teenagers described themselves as happy and
said that they have warm relationships with their parents and other adults. Many, however, noted
that they have a lot of free, unstructured time and said that their environs are filled with hazards
and potential trouble.
Statistics on Gun Violence
According to a 1996 Department of Justice report, there are approximately 200 million guns in
private hands even though only 25 % of all adults in America own guns. The study found that
20% of all gun-owning households had a loaded, unlocked gun in the home, a figure that was
significantly higher among households that had a handgun, as opposed to a long gun. Further,
�the study found that 53% oflong guns and 57% of handguns are usually kept unlocked.
Additionally, 26% of all guns and 55% of handguns are usually kept loaded. Loaded guns of
either type are more likely to be unlocked than are unloaded guns. The result is that one in three
handguns, and one in six long guns, is kept loaded and unlocked.
Gun violence is also on the rise, as the firearm injury rate is ten times higher than the polio
epidemic in the first half of the century. The Centers for Disease Control estimates that by 2003
the leading cause of death from injury will be from gunshots.
• In 1996,4,643 children and teenagers were killed by firearms in murders, suicides, and
unintentional shootings.
• Gunshot wounds are the second leading cause of death for all people aged 10-34.
• According to a February 1997 report by the Centers for Disease Control, the rate of firearm
deaths among children 0-14 years old is nearly twelve times higher in the United States than
in 25 other industrialized countries combined.
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May 9, ~999
HIGHLIGHTING THE IMPORTANCE OF KEEPING CIDLDREN SAFE FROM GUNS
Date:
Time:
Location:
From:
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Saturday, May 8
1:30 PM - 2:30 PM
The White House
Washington, D.C.
Neera Tanden and
Ruby Shamir .
,.PURPOSE
To highlight the importance of keeping children safe from guns as part of efforts to honor
families for Mother's Day.
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II.
BACKGROUND
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Overview
This event focuses on the problem of children's easy access to guns. At the event, you will
announce a Mother's Day pledge intended for all - those who own guns and those who do not.
We developed this pledge with Handgun Control Inc. as avehic1e to focus attention on this issue.
The pledge will also appear on your web site, Lifetime Television's web site, and Handgun
Control's web site.
The majority of the people in the audience are parents and roughly 30 are parents who lost
children to gun violence .. You will participate in a photo receiving line with these families at the
end of the event (list attached). The speakers at the event have each been personally affected by
gun violence; they are Representative Carolyn McCarthy (D-NY), Rebecca LYJ1i. Catherine
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Murphy, and Tom Mauser (see section on bios).
Gun Legislation
The Youth Gun Crime Enforcement Act; recently introduced by. the President, will strengthen.
~e Brady Law and the assault weapons ban, restrict access to guns by youth and crack down on
illegal gun traffickers. The President's proposed bill will: (1) raise the age of the youth handgun
ban from 18 to 21 years .of age; (2) ban youth possession of semi-automatic assault rifles; (3)
prohibit violent juveniles from ever owning guns; (4) require child safety locking devices for
guns; (5) reduce illegal gun running by limiting the purchase of handguns to no more than one
. per month; (6) halt the importation oflarge capacity ammunition magaziries; (7) require Brady
background checks for the purchaSe of explosives and at gun shows; and (8) help law
enforcement trace more crime guns to their source.
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Senator Schumer is the bill's main sponsor on the Senate side and we expect him to introduce the
bill next week. Senator Lott has indicated that the Senate would move to Juvenile Crime
legislation next week, and while some Senate Democrats are doubtful that this will happen, they
. are preparing amendme~ts on school safety and on guns. The Administration's efforts are
�focused on three particular amendments: (I) child access protection; (2) regulation of gun shows;
and (3)raising the age of the youth handgun ban to 21.
Statistics on Gun Violence
According to a 1996 Department of Justice report, there are approximately 200 million guns in
private hands even though only 25 % of all adults in America own guns. The study found that
20% of all gun-owning households had a loaded, unlocked gun in the home, a figure that was
significantly higher among households that had a handgun, as opposed to a long gun. Further,
the study found that 53% oflong guns and 57% of handguns are usually kept ~ocked.
Additionally, 26% of all guns and 55% of handguns are usually kept loaded. Loaded guns of
either type are more likely to be unlocked than are unloaded guns. The result is that one in three
handguns, and one in six long guns, is kept loaded and ~locked.
Gun violence is also on the rise, as the firearm injury rate is ten times higher than the polio
epidemic in the first half of the century. The Centers for Disease Control estimates that by 2003
the leading cause of death from injury will be from gunshots.
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• 'In 1996,4,643 children and teenagers were killed by firearms in murders, suicides, and
unintentional shootings.
• Gunshot,wounds are the second leading cause of death for all people aged 10-34.
• According to a February 1997 report by the Centers for Disease Control, the rate of firearm
deaths among children 0-14 years old is nearly twelve times higher in the United States than'
in 25 other industrialized countries combined.
Bios of Speakers
Rep. Carolyn McCarthy was first elected to the United States House of Representatives in
1996 and was re-elected for her second term in 1998. A life-long resident of Mineola, New York,
she is a Licensed Practical Nurse'(LPN) with over 30 years experience in the health care field.
Carolyn married Dennis McCarthy in 1967 and they raised one son, Kevin. On December 7,
1993 her husband was killed and her son was injured when a crazed gunman randomly shot into
a rush hour commuter train returning from New York City to Long Island. Rather than allow this
tragedy to defeat her, Rep. McCarthy turned the incident into a public campaign against gun
violence. She began by speaking acrosS the country on the roots and causes of gun violence and
she soon became a vocal advocate for commonsense laws to reduce gun violence in New York
State and on a national level. Rep. McCarthy introduced an omnibus guns bill and we have
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incorporated a number of her provisions in our bill.
Rebecca A. Lynn is an admissions evaluator for the Admissions Office at the University of
Oregon. Born in Long Beach, California, she has one sister and three brothers, one deceased. A
divorced mother, she has two children, Mike J. Dohner, age 17; andBetina A. Lynn, age 19. Her
daughter Betina was shot twice, once in the back and <;mce in the foot, in last year's school
shooting in Springfield, Oregon that left 2 dead and 22 injured". Since the shooting, she and her
daughter Betina have been fighting for commonsense gun laws in Oregon. Earlier this year in
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Oregon, they helped rally support fora child access prevention bill and a measure that would
require background checks at local gun shows in Oregon. Both measures are still pending before
. the Oregon legislature. When the Children's Gun Violence Prevention Act was reintroduced in
March of this year, Rebecca and Betina appeared at;a Capitol Hill press conference with Senator
Ted Kennedy and Representative Carolyn McCarthy.
Catherine Murphy is a New York City policewoman married to another law enforcement
officer. They have always stressed gun safety, and disarmed and locked up their service weapons
when at horne. That did not help their eleven-year-old son, Christopher, who was accidentally
shot and killed in December of 1997 by a friend playing with his older brother's illegal gun.
Since the shooting, Catherine has become a leading gun safety advocate. Last year, the City of .
New York adopted a child safety lock ordinance measure, known as Christopher's law, in
memory of her son. Last year she also became a leading advocate for the Children's Gun
Violence Prevention Act, a bill sponsored by Senator Ted Kennedy and Representative Carolyn
McCarthy.
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Tom Mauser, who works for the Colorado Department of Transportation, is the father of 15
year old Daniel Mauser, a Columbine High School sophomore who was killed two and a half
weeks ago. Daniel Mauser, who excelled in math and science and earned straight A's, was
studying through his lunch hour in the library in the school library when he was ambushed and
killed. Torn Mauser and his wife, Linda, have one other.child, 13-year-old Christie. Mr.
Mauser led the protests against the NRA when the organization held its Denver convention
about a week ago.
III.
PARTICIPANTS
Speaking Prog~am
. - Representative Carolyn McCarthy (D-NY)
~ Rebecca Lynn
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- Catherine Murphy
- Thomas Mauser·
- The First Lady
IV.
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SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
You will greet Representative Carolyn McCarthy (D-NY), Rebecca Lynn, her daughter
Betina Lynn, Catherine Murphy, Thomas Mauser, and President of Handgun Control Inc.
Bob Walker in the Blue Room.
You will proceed- to a speaking program in the East Room.
_You will make brief welcoming remarks and introduce Representative Carolyn
McCarthy.
Representative Carolyn McCarthy will make remarks and introduce Rebecca Lynn.
Rebecca Lynn will make remarks and introduce Catherine Murphy.
Catherine Murphy will make remarks and introduce Thomas Mauser.
Thomas Mauser will make remarks and introduce you;
You will make remarks and close the program.
�v.
PRESS PLAN
- Open Press.
VI.
REMARKS
- Provided by Lowell Weiss
�Mother's Day Event Guest List: Survivors
May 8,1999
Mary Leigh and Charlie Blek, Laguna Hills, CA
Their 21-year-old son, Matthew, was shot and killed in New York.City by a teen with a junk
gun. The Bleks founded Orange County Citizens for tl:tePrevention of Gun Violence in 1995,
and are leading advocates for responsible :glin laws in California.
Katina Johnstone, Staten Island, NY
Ian Johnstone~ Staten Island, NY (16-year-old son of David)
Her 43-year-old husband, David, was shot and killed in San Francisco by a teen. She founded
New Yorkers Against Gun Violence in 1993, and has organized three national Silent Marches.
She was a plaintiff in Hamilton v. Accutek, a successful lawsuit against the gun industry .
. Tom Vanden Berk, Chicago IL
His 15-year-old son, Tommy, was shot and killed by a teen in ChiCago. Tom is an executive
director of the Uhlich Children's Home in Chicago and a founder of Help for Survivors.
Alfredo Valentin, New York City, NY
His seventeen-year-oldson, Derek, was shot and killed by a teen in: New York City. Alfredo is
an active member ofNew Yorkers Against Gun Violence.
Lynn Dix, Berkeley, CA
Lynn's son, Kenzo, was shot and killed by accident when his. friend showed him his father's gun.
Lynn sued the gun-maker, Berretta, for failing to design the gun with a device to prominently
indicate that a round is loaded in the chamber.
Kimberly Rowland, Pleasanton, CA
Kimberly lost a dear friend in the 101 California massacre. She has organized memorial marches
on the anniversary of the 101 California and two local ballot initiatives to reduce access to guns.
Freddie Hamilton
Freddie Hamilton lost her youngest child, a 17-year-old son. She is the founder and ex-director
of the "Child Development Corporation" in Brooklyn.
Jean Jamata
Jean Jamata's 19-year-old daughter shot and killed herself.
Yvonne Pope
Yvonne Pope's 20-year-old son was shot and killed on the basketball court by an 18-year-old.
Ann Cargill
. Ann Cargill's son was shot by a carload of kids armed with an assault weapon.
�Francis Davis
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Francis Davis lost all three of her sons during different shootings.
Alice McEnaney
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Alice McEnaney's son has survived with permanent damage from a shooting at the State
University of New York at Albany. He tried to disarm at fellow student.
Geraldine Rodriquez
Geraldine Rodriquez lost her 17-year-old son.
Andrea Slade-Lewis
Andrea Slade-Lewis lost her son.
Caron Brock
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Caron Brock lost her 19-year-old son. He was an exceptional basketball player with many
awards.
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Kay King
Kay K.ing lost her son, Police Sergeant Patrick King, when he was shot from behind in a New
Jersey restaurant by a killer who had said he wanted to "take out" a police officer. The shooter
: then killed himself. Patrick's wife Maureen and sons Patrick and Todd are also attending.
Rebecca Lynn
Rebecc'a Lynn (speaker) is from Springfield, Oregon. Her daughter, Betina, was seriously
wounded in the school shooting there on May 14, ·1998. Her son Mikel Dohner and Betina are
accompanying her.
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Tom Mauser
Tom Mauser's (speaker) son Daniel was killed in the Columbine High School shooting at
Littleton, Culorado on April 20.
Patty May
Patty May, of Fairfax, Virginia lost her son to an unintentional shooting by his friend. Her
daughter, who mistakenly felt herself responsible for the shooting killed herself with a gun three
weeks later.
Tamara Mechem
ramara Mechem of Littleton, Colorado lost her son to an unintentional shooting by his friend.
Her daughter, who mistakenly felt herself responsible for the shooting, killed herself with
another gun three weeks later.
Catherine Murphy
Catherine Murphy, (speaker) and her husband Pedro, two New York City police officers lost her
12-year-old son, Christopher, to an unintentional shooting by another teenager who lived next
door. The New York City law mandating the sale of trigger locks is named Christopher's Law in
his honor. Cathy's son,Justin, who will be with her, misses his brother very much.
�Jacqueline and Michael Peranio
Jacqueline and Michael Peranio of Florida lost their eleven-year-old daughter when their
thirteen-year-old son Christopher shot her unintentionally. Christopher will also be attending the
event.
Judy Soto
Judy Soto's eleven-year-old son, Omar, was killed unintentionally by a friend who found his
family'S firearm. Judy was a leader in passing one of the first Child Access Prevention laws, in
Florida in 1989.
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David and Dottie Whitt
David and Dottie Whitt's son Lance.wasunintentionally shot by a friend who thought he was
playing with an unloa~ed gun. They live in 'Springfield, Virginia.
Virginia and Marvin Miller'
Virginia and Marvin Miller are the parents of FBI agent Michael Miller, killed in a shootout at
DC Police Headquarters. Their surviving son, Bryan, is Executive Director of Ceasefire New
Jersey, the largest gun control advocacy group in the state.
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Veronica Trott
Veronica Trott lost her 17-year-old son. No one was ever convicted.
Julia Dunkin
Julia Dunkin, the Executive Director of Survivors of Homicide in Washington, lost her husband
and son to gun violence. Her organization provides support and financial assistance to families to
families who suffer the same tragedy.
Shirley and Terrica Gibson
Shirley and Terrica Gibson are the mother and sister of Capital Police Officer Brian T. Gibson,
who was killed last summer by a mentally disturbed gunman at the U.S. Capitol.
Ed and Marsha Simon
Ed and Marsha Simon of Cederhurst, New York, lost their son, Matthew, when he committed
suicide with a rifle he had just purchased at Wal~Mart.
Patrice Daly
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Patrice Daly's 14 year old son was shot when he went to a friend's house. There was a loaded
gun iilthe friend's room.
�PROMOTING SCHOOL SAFETY & PREVENTING YOUTH VIOLENCE
President Clinton's Record
SCHOOL VIOLENCE PREVENTION
Hosting the White House Conference on School Safety. Convening experts, parents;
principals, students, law enforcement and local community leaders, the President and First Lady
held the first-ever White House Conference on School Safety on October 15, 1998, to provide an
opportunity for Americans to learn more about how they can make their own schools and
communities safer. The Conference focused both on the recent incidents of extreme violence as
well as the causes of youth violence more generally. It included members of communities
affected by school shootings and was linked by satellite to schools and communities across the
:
nation.
Launching a Community-Wide Response to School Safety and Youth Violence. Last
month, the President launched the Safe SchoolslHealthy Students Initiative, which win provide
up to $180 million this year -- and a total of $380 million over the next three years -- to help 50
communities develop and implement community-wide responses to school safety and youth
violence. This initiative, which was also a product of the White House School Safety
Conference, represents an unprecedented collaboration between the Departments of Justice,
Education and Health and Human Services to provide comprehensive educational, law
enforcement, mental health,juvenilejustice, and other services to help communities prevent
youth violence and drug abuse, in and out of school. Communities have until June 1, 1999 to
apply for as much as $3 million each through this initiative.
Helping to Make All Schools Safe, Disciplined and Drug-Free. In 1994, President Clinton
expanded the Drug-Free Schools Act into the Safe and Drug-Free Schools Act, making violence
prevention a key part of this program. Safe and Drug-Free Schools provides support for violence
and drug prevention programs to 97 percent of the nation's school districts. At the White House
Conference on School Safety, President Clinton announced his plan for a significant overhaul of
the nearly $600 million Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities Program to focus more on
effective violence prevention initiatives. Under the President's proposal, schools will be required
to adopt rigorous, comprehensive school safety plans that include: tough, but fair, discipline
policies; safe passage to and from schools; effective drug and violence policies and programs;
annual school safety and drug use report cards; funding for mental health services; links to after
school programs; efforts to involve parents; and crisis management plans.
Responding to the Early Warning Signs of Troubled Youth. President Clinton directed the
Secretary of Education and the Attorney General to develop a guide to help teachers and
principals identify and respond to the early warning signs of troubled youth that can lead to
school violence. In August 1998, the Departments of Justice and Education released Early
Warning, Timely Response: A Guide to Safe Schools. The guide, aimed at teachers, principals,
parents, and others who work with young people, provides information on how to identify and
respond to the early warning signs of troubled youth that can lead to violence in schools. In
addition, the guide" also instructs schools on how to develop a violence prevention plan and
,
�provides a crisis procedure checklist for schools to 'use if violence occurs. Finally, the guide lists
actions students can take -- such as listening to troubled friends, involving trusted adults, and
asking law enforcement to conduct school safety audits -- to help create safer schools. More than
,200,000 guides already have been distributed to schools across the nation, and 150,000
additional copies will be distributed next week.
Creating a New Federal Response for Violent Deaths in Schools. President Clinton has
proposed a $12 million School Emergency Response to Violence-- or Project SERV -- in his FY
2000 budget to help schools and local communities respond to,school-related violent deaths,
such as those that occurred last school year in Jonesboro, Arkansas; Paducah, Kentucky; Pearl,
Mississippi; and Springfield, Oregon.. Developed with input from local officials and educators in
these and other communities, Project SERV will enable the fedenll government to assist local
communities in much the same way that the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
assists in response to natural disasters. The program will also help communities build the
infrastructure necessary to bring more mental health services into their schools.
Hiring School Resource Officers, Targeting Assistance to Schools with' Serious Crime
Problems. To help give schools with crime problems the tools they need to put the security of
our children first, at t~e White House Conference 'on School Safety, the President announced a
new $65 million initiative to hire up to 2,000 community police and School Resource Officers to
work in schools-- and to train police, educators and other members of the community to help'
recognize the early ,warning signs of violence.
Forging School-Based Partnerships Between Schools and Law Enforcement: Under the
School-Based Partnerships grant program, the Clinton Administration released $16.4 million in
grants to 155 law enforcement agencies in September 1998. The School-Based Partnerships
gran~s will be used by policing agencies to work with schools and community-based
organizations to address crime at and around schools. This initiative emphasizes using principles
of community policing and problem-solving methods to address the causes of school-related
crime. The grants will help forge or strengthen partnerships between local law enforcement and
schools to focus on school crime, drug use and discipline problems.
Issuing the First Annual Report 'on School Safety. In December 1997, President Clinton ,
called for an Annual Report on School Safety, which was released on October 15, 1998 and sent
to every school in the nation. The report includes: an analysis of all existing national school
crime data and an overview of state and local crime reporting; examples of schools and strategies
that are successfully reducing school violence, drug use and claSs disruption; actions that parents
can take locally to combat school crime; and resources available to schools and communities to
help create safe, disciplined and drug-free schools.
GUN CONTROL
Keeping Guns Out of the Hands of Children. A number of laws and initiatives are keeping
guns out of the hands of children and away from criminals. For instance, since the Brady Law's
enactment, over 250,000 felons, fugitives and stalkers have been denied handguns, and the 1994
Crime Bill banned 19 of the deadliest assault weapons and their copies -- keeping assault
�weapons off America's streets. The Youth Crime Gun Interdiction Initiative (YCGII) is cracking
down on the illegal gun markets that supply firearms to juveniles and criminals in 37 target
cities. The A TF has already traced more than 77,000 crime guns in the YCGII cities, which has
led to the investigation and arrest of hundreds of illegaL gun traffickers supplying guns to .
juveniles and criminals. The Administration's FY 2000 budget proposal proposes adding ATF
agents to new YCGII cities to assist in gun trafficking investigations. In addition to these
programs, President Clinton signed a directive to every federal agency, requiring child safety
locking devices with every handgun issued to federal law enforcement officers. And, in an
historic agreement, eight major gun manufacturers have voluntarily agreed to provide child
safety locking device's with all their handguns, helping to protect our children.
. (
Enforcing Zero Tolerance for Guns and Other Weapons in Schools. In October 1994,
President Clinton signed into law the Gun-Free Schools Act, requiring states to have in effect a
law requiring local education agencies(LEAs) to expel students who bring guns to school. The
President issued a Presidential Directive later that month to enforce "zero tolerance" for guns in
schools, a policy requiring the expulsion of students who bring g~ns to schools. In school year
1996-97, the U.S. Department of Education estimates that, under zero tolerance policies, 6,093
students were expelled from public schools for bringing a firearm to school.
. CULTURE
Giving Families A New Tool-- A Content-Based Television Ratings System. Striving to
protect children from violence and adult content on television, the President an,d Vice President
garnered a breakthrough agreement from the television industry to create a content-based
voluntary ratings system. The new system went into effect October 1, 1,997, giving parents the,
information they need to determine if TV shows are appropriate for viewing by their children and
identifYing which programs they want to block from their homes through screening technology
(the V -chip). The voluntary rating system includes age- and content-based ratings.
Helping Parents Control What Comes Into Their Living Room with the V-Chip. Four years
ago, President Clinton and Vice President Gore used the Family Policy Conference in Nashville
to call for V -chip legislation -- to give parents new tools to help them screen out television
programs that are not fit for their kids. Under strong leadership from the White House, the
following year saw Congress enact the Telecommunications Act of 1996 which included V -chip
legislation. Now, by January 2000, all new televisions are scheduled to include this screening
technology.
Hosting the White House Conference on Children's Television. In July 1996, the President,
Vice President, and First Lady convened the White' House Conference on Children's Television
to improve and expand education television for children. Conference participants included
parents, industry representatives, advocates, experts and advertisers. At the Conference, the
television industry joined with the President and agreed to air more educational and instructional
children',s shows.
.
Encouraging More Educational Television. At the President's urging, the Federal
Communications Commission (FCC) adopted clear and concrete rules to encourage the
�development and promotion of TV programming that would be both welcomed by parents and
watched by children. The rules require three hours of regularly scheduled, half-hour weekly
educational and instructional programming as a requirement for license renewal.
i
Promoting a "Family Friendly" Internet. The President and Vice President have worked to
make cyberspace a safe place for children. The Administration has enlisted the assistance of
numerous stakeholders, including industry leaders, teachers, parents, Internet users and librarians
to work towards the creation of a "family friendly" Internet. The Administration's three part
. strategy includes: 1) industry commitments to provide blocking, filtering and labeling technology
, for use by parents and teachers using the 'Net; 2) effective enforcement of existing laws; and 3)
increased parental awareness and involvement. This strategy is designed to give parents and
teachers the tools they need to prevent children from getting access to inappropriate material on
the Internet, and to guide them towards high-quality educational resources.
MENTAL HEALTn ISSUES
Increased Funding for Children's Mental Health Services: From 1993 to 1999, the President
has increased funding for children's mental health services from just $5 million to $78 million.
Significant parts of this funding will be used, to provide link schools with mental health services.
Substantial New Increases to Improve Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment. In
1999, the Congress responded to the Administration's prop?sal to substantially increase
substance abuse prevention and treatment activities. Congress has approved a critical $275
million increase in the Substance Abuse Block Grant at the Substance Abuse and Mental Health
Services Administration (SAMSHA). With this increase, over $1.5 billion will be allocated to the
block grant ~n FY1999 enabling tens of thousands of high-risk youth, pregnant women, and other
underserved Americans to get much-needed drug treatment and prevention services.
New Investments in Mental Health Services at SAMHSA. The President's FY 99 budget
included a Qew $13 million increase in mental health block grant. With this increase, the block
grant will contain $288 million in mental health spending this year. These services provide
much needed treatment, counseling and services for thousands of people with mental illnesses.
VIOLENCE PREVENTION
Providing Safe After-School Opportunities for More than a Million Children a Year. Last
year (FY98), the 21 st Century Community Learning Centers program was expanded to $200
million. This funding is already supporting hundreds of school-based after-school programs in
rural and urban schools in 44 states and the District of Columbia, including weekend and
summer programs. This year, the President proposed to triple this initiative -- to $600 million -
to provide safe and educational after-school opportunities for up to 1.1 million school-age
children in communities across the country. In addition, the Education Department released a
report in June 1998, titled Safe and Smart: Making the After-School Hours Work for Kid. This
report shows that after-school programs cap. lower juvenile crime and improve academic
performance. Safe and Smart was sent to every school district in the country.
�Cracking Down on Truancy. Truancy prevention initiatives have been shown to keep more
children in school and dramatically reduce daytime crime. The Education Department issued a
guidebook to the 15,000 school districts nationwide which outlines the central characteristics of a
.
.
comprehensive truancy prevention policy and highlights model initiatives in cities and towns'
across the country. Since then, the Education Department has provided grants to local school
dbtricts to develop innovative truancy prevention programs of the kind described in the
guidebook.
Encouraging Schools to Adopt School Uniform Policies. School uniforms have been found to
be a promising strategy to reduce violence while promoting discipline and respect in school.
Because of this, the Clinton. Administration has encouraged schools to consider adopting school
unifoI1l1 policies by sharing with every school district a school uniforms manual prepared by the
Department of Education in consultation with local communities and the Department of Justice.
Since the President highlighted school Uniforms, a growing number of schools have adopted
these policies including: New York City, Dade County, San Antonio, Houston, Chicago and
Boston.
Supporting Curfews at the Local Level. Community curfews are designed to help keep
. children out of harm's way and enhance community safety. Because of their success, President
Clinton has encouraged communities to adopt curfew policies. A 1997 survey by the U.S.
Conference of Mayors has shown that 276 of 347 cities surveyed -- or 80 percent -- had youth
curfew laws, up from 70 percent in 1995.
Developing a Comprehensive Anti-Gang and Youth Violence Strategy. President Clinton has'
proposed a comprehensive strategy to (1) target gangs and violent youths with tougher
punishments and by expanding anti-gang task forces and the use of racketeering statutes (i.e~,
RICO) for gang-related offenses; (2) crack down on kids and guns by prohibiting violent
juveniles from buying guns and increasing penalties for selling handguns to youths; and (3) keep
kids off the streets and out of trouble by expanding after-school programs and promoting anti
truancy initiatives and youth curfews.
Supporting Civic, Community and Faith-Based Organizations. Recognizing the important
role that civic, community and faith-based organizations can play in reducing crime, the
Administration launched a new Values-Based Violence Prevention Initiative to make $2.2
million in grants available to 16 community-based collaboratives, including religiously-affiliated
organizations, that target youth violence, gangs, truancy, and other juvenile problems by
promoting common-sense values and responsibility.
.
Encouraging Conflict Resolution. The Departments of Education and Justice have developed
and distributed 40,000 conflict resolution guides to schools and community organizations,
providing guidance on how to develop effective conflict resolution programs; Education and
Justice are training community officials and educators on these conflict resolution measures.
�..., ...............
--_..........
([ongreSj of !be 1:1niteb 6tat25
Dasbington..
aft 20515
May 6. 1999
The Honorable J. Dennis Hasten:
Speaker of the House
H-232 Capitol Building
Washington., D.C. 20515
Dear Speaker Hastert,
On the eve ofMother's Day, a. celebration that honors the contribution mothers-make to
their children and their fiunilies, 'we
writing to ask that the House of Representatives honor aU
of our mothers by scheduling a vote on gqn. safety legislation by the end of lune.
me
In the wake ofthe Littleton ShOOUngs1 mothers and fathers across the country ate facing
new concerns about their children's safety and access to guns. A 1993 Harris survey found that
59% of schoolchildren in grades six through twelve said they "Gould get a handgun if they wanted
one," and a third of thoae polled said they could get one "within an hour."
Moreover, between the years 1987 and 1993, juvenile homicides involving a fuea.rn;J grew
by 182%. Children are getting guns and children are using guns in violent crimes. Clearly. the
laws that we have on the books are not worklng.
Wh.s.t can Congress do? There are a range of gun safety legislative proposals that have
been introduced in the House, and we belieVl!: they all deserve a fair and public hearing, including:
"
closing the loophole on gun show sales;
"
raising th~ eligibility age on gun ownership from. 18 to 21;
"
requiring child safety locks; and
•
holding guns to consumer safety standards like other products.
We know that guns are not the single esuse ofthe increase in juvenile violence, OUT
culture has become awash in violence. From television to video games to the Intemet, our
clri1dren are inundated with violent i:r:Dagery that can have a damagjng effect on their psychological
wen-beiog. However) we must recognize that it is access to guns that can turn a disturbed
teenager into a mass murderer. It's time. to strengthen our gun laws to keep £ireanns out ofthe
hands of clilldren.
.
Mr. Speaker, we ask you to schedule two days of debate on gun safety by June 20th,
~002
�05/07/99
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Father's Day. Let's devote a few days of our lives to save the lives of chilUren. This Mother's
Day, it~s the greatest gift we could give to America's moma.
Sincerely,
�PRJ 23: 42 FAX
,. 05/07!99
05/06/99
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141 004
Mel11bers Signed on to Gnn Safety Legislation Letter to Speaker Bastert
S/6I'.J9
1. Rep. Tammy Baldwin (WI)
2. Rep. Corrine Brown (FL)
3. Rep. Julia Carson (IN)
4. Rep_ Donna Cbristisn-Christensen (VI)
5. Rep. Eva Clayton (NC)
6. Rep. Diana DeGette (CO)
7. Rep. Rosa DeLauro (CT)
8. Rep. Anna Eshoo (CA)
9. Rep. Sheila lackson..Lee (TX)
10. Rep. Eddie Bemice Jo1m.son (TX)
1 L Rep. Stephanie Tubbs Jones (OH)
12. Rep. Carolyn Kilpa.trick (MI)
13. Rep~ Barbara Lee (CA)
14. Rep. Zoe Lofgren (CA)
15. Rep. Nita Lowey (NY)
16. Rep. CaI-olyn Maloney (NY)
17. Rep. Carolyn McCarthy (NY)
18. Rep. Cynthia McKinn.ey (GA)
19. Rep. Canie Meek (FL)
20. Rep_ Juanita Millender-McDonald (CA)
21. Rep. Patsy Mink (HI)
22. Rep. Grace Napolitano (CA)
23. Rep. Eleanor Holmes Norton (DC)
24. Rep. Nancy Pelosi (CA)
25. Rep. LuQlleRDybd-AllMd(CA)
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
3L
Rep. Janice SchakoMlky (lL)
Rep. Louise Slaughter (NY)
Rep. Ellen Tauscher (CA)
Rep. Nydia Velazquez (NY)
Rep. Maxine Waters (CA)
Rep. Lynn Woolsey (CA)
;.
�05/07/99 FRI 23:42 FAX
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NEW HAvdN, CT 011&10
i.ABOR. Hfi4L'rn AND HVMAIoN SERVICES.
(2031 56Z..:s71&
AND IiQUCATION
UNITED STATES
.uWNe_AT!'lC!.tInON
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AGl'IICULTlJI'!E, flURI'.I. DltllelOPMENT•
FOQtI ANDDl'lUtii >\DMllI/lSllIATIOf'l,
AND RE1..A'I'ED AGENCIEs
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
ROSA L DeLAURD
FOR IMMEDIATE RBLBASE
Contact:
Thursday, May -6, 1999
G. James Papa
202/225-3661
DELAURO: GUN SAFETY DESERVES DEBATE
WASIDNGTON, DC - Congresswoman Rosa L.DeLauro (D-CT) was joined by women
Democrats toda.y as she released a letter to House S"pcaker Dennis Hastert (R-IL) that calls
for broad and open d.i.scu.ssion of gun safety legislation. On the eve of Mother's Day, the
women members implored Hastert tc? schedule two days of debate on gun safety before
Father's Day, June 20.
"Mothers and fathers across the country ate facing new concerns about thei"( children's
safety and access to guns." said DeLanro. "Chil.dren are getting guns and children ar.e using
guns in violent crimes. We are asking that the House bke the time to look at all the major
gun safety proposals. II
The letter, signed by tbirty-one wome.n tnembers, simply calls for a fair and public: hearing
cn gun safety legislation.. including proposals that:
o
close the loophole on gun show sales
o
raise the eligibility age for gun. ownership from 18 to 21
o
require child safety
o
hold gum to eotlSW11er
loc~
.
~fety
standards
tlIn America, we ~ all kinds of~iecautions to protect our children. II said DeLauro. "We
GllSUIe the safety of eve:cytbing from baby rattles to strollers to car seats. But, When it
comes to onr most dangerous and deadly product -- a gun -- there are no protections for
children. We protect our kids from rattles, but not from guns? Thl!:re is something wrong
with th.is picture. tI
DeLaura is a co-sponsor of the ChUdren's Gun Vi01ence.Prevention Act (H.R. 1342). Which
would make gUllS safer by requiring handguns to 1) have a minimum trigger resisbm.Ce so
children under five cannot pull it; 2) pass a 'Idrop.testll designed to prevent accidental firing;
3) have a manual safety; and 4) be sold with'qualified child safety locks.
IIThis Mother's Day, mothers across this counay are as~ us to take common sense steps
to protect their families," said DeLauro. "As nmtbers and daughters and sisters, we're
calling for a ~ee"tO debate common sense·~n safety lllea....w:es."
. r
DeLauro was joined at the press conference by Cop.gresswomen' Carolyn McCarthy (Ny).
Julia Carson (IN), NitA Lowey (NY). Carolyrt Maloney (NY), Juanita Millender-McDonald
(CA), Grace Napolitano (CA), Ellen Tauscher (CA),' and Lynn Woolsey (CA).
- .
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Ruby Shamir - Subject Series
Creator
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First Lady's Office
Ruby Shamir
Is Part Of
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<a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/show/36351" target="_blank">Collection Finding Aid</a>
<a href="http://catalog.archives.gov/id/7763277" target="_blank">National Archives Catalog Description</a>
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2012-0565-S
Description
An account of the resource
Ruby Shamir held the position of Policy Advisor and Assistant to the Chief of Staff in the First Lady’s Office. Previously, she served as Assistant Director for Domestic Policy in the Domestic Policy Council. This series of Subject Files contains materials relating to domestic policy topics, especially on children’s issues such as health, education, child care and youth violence. The records include memorandum, faxes, letters, reports, schedules, and publications.
Provenance
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Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
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Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
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Adobe Acrobat Document
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236 folders in 15 boxes
Date
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1999-2001
Text
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Paper
Dublin Core
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Title
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Youth Violence/Guns
Creator
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First Lady's Office
Ruby Shamir
Subject Files
Identifier
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2012-0565-S
Is Part Of
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Box 15
<a href="http://www.clintonlibrary.gov/assets/Documents/Finding-Aids/Systematic/2012-0565-S-Shamir.pdf" target="_blank">Collection Finding Aid</a>
<a href="http://catalog.archives.gov/id/7763277" target="_blank">National Archives Catalog Description</a>
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
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Adobe Acrobat Document
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Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
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7/22/2013
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2012-0565-S-youth-violence-guns
7763277