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U.S. Ilcpartment of •lusl"ICC
•
Civil Rights Division
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Display 1995-1996 Bill Text· IN'ORMATION
8tLL
NUMBaR~
ACA 2
BILL T8XT
INTRODUCED BY
J
Aaaembly Member Richter
DECIMan 5, U9t
I»eeel'l'bly Con&titutional Amendment NO.2 A resolution to propose to the
people of the State ot California an amendment to the Constitution of the
Stat~, by ad~in9 Section 31 to ~rtlcle 1 thereof. relntin9 to civil rights ..
LEGISLaATIVP- COUNSEll'S InOEST
ACA 2. a9 introduced. Richter. civil Tights.
The Cal1fornh. Constitution provIdes that Cl pRrson may not: be ,d.i.aQuali ti ed'
trom entering ox-pursuing & bl,ls1np.ss. pro(ellllion, vocation, or employment
Vf!cltuae of sex. roc-e. creed. color, 01.' national or ethnic origin.
Thh metaUura would prohibit the atateOl' any of ita political Rubdivia10ns
trom using race, sex, color, ethnlc1t.y, or notIOnal origin as (I crite'rjofl foT.'
either d1serimin.n.i n9 "'gil i nst. 01" grant ing pl.'ofet"ent ia1 tr~ar.:.rnent 1:.0, a.ny
individual or group in the op~rotlon 01 th~ "tate's system of pUb11C
ernployment. public educot1on. or public contracting,
vote I 2/3. J\pproprhtion: no" Fiscal committee: ,yes. State-mandated
local program. no.
Relolvad by the Assembly. the Senate concun"lng, 'I'ha.t the Legislat.ure of
the Stat,e of Californh 8t ito 1995·96 Regul~n- Se&&i(lll <:omm~nc:ing on r:.hc !1fth
day ot Decemb8r 1'~4, two·thirda of the tneml'.Hu·Qhip o( (:(lch houee concurring.
hel'eby proposes to the people of thjf State of Calitol'nia that the,ConstH\lcJon
of the State be armmdf'ld 1>1' oddln9 Sectlon 31 to 1u·t1cle 1 ll\(:t:co!:, to rend:
SBC. 31. (a) Neither the StIJ.te of CalHorrih nOlO any elf ,its poHt1c.!Jl
8ubd1viaionv or agonto "hllll U;'C'I.'aco, 00:11, color. ethnici.ty, or: national
ot'lg1n a9 a criterion for either diBl;l"lmlnat1ng against, OX' gl.'aJlclog
prehrentlal treotment to. a,oy individual or group in the operation at the
\
�MRLDEF
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ID:2135290255
Display 199'-1996 Bill Text - INfORMATION
BIL~
NUMB&R,
~CA
JRN 04'95,
NO.UUL r.u..J
PAGE
],
2
BILL T8"T
siaee's ',ystem of public em.plOynlent. publ1c education, Ot' public: cOlltracting.
(bl This section shall 4pply only to state actIon taken aft.or the efte<.:tlve
d.te of chis section.
leI Allowable TomedleM for violation of this sectlo~ shall include no~m"l
an~ customary attorney's feel.
(4) Nothing 1n thia ••ction ahall be interpreted 69 prohibiting
claea1ficat iOM bllBed on aex ~hu an reaoonably OtlCp..IHlary to the norma.l
opurotlon ot the State's Qystem of public employment or public educbtion.
(el Nothing in this section Bhlll bo interpreted as inv~lidQtin9 any court
order or conuent decree that is 1n force an ot ~he effective d~tc ~f this
section.
(t, Nothing in this sect!on shall be interpreted aa prohibiting state
a.ction tha.t h neceliHiary to c&tfJbUeh OZ:' flllI1nt ... in e1igibi 1 icy for any fede'ral
progt"sm. where 11'lcrliglbllHy ,would rosult in a 10B9 of federal funds to the.
St.te;
.
.
(9) Nothing 10 this sect10n shall b~ conatl'up.d 89 prohibiting a publiC
~iency ftom obeylnga court orOer requlrlng the considerat1on of racial, .
ethnic, national origin. gende,', or religious charactedcn:ics \:0 remedy the·
effQcte of itB own PUt d1acriminatory practIces, .
(1I) If 8ny part or prlrt.~ of tM. section are {Qund to be 1n conflict with
federal law or the· United Stote, constitution, thQ section ahall be
implemented to the maximum extent permltt'.sd by federAl law lind the United
St.tea Conetitut.ion.
t\ny prov1oion held
remaining portiona of thl' 8ection,
invalid 9hall be Bt'''euble froln the
�PAGE
23
12TH STORY of Levell printed in FULL format.
Copyright 1994 The Chronicle Publishing Co.
The San Francisco Chronicle
DECEMBER 19, 1994, MONDAY, FINAL EDITION
SECTION: NEWS; Pg. A2
LENGTH: 1022 words
HEADLINE: Demos Hope to Offer Alternative Initiatives
Response to 'ri~ht-wing' proposals,
BYLINE: Edward Epstein, Chronicle Staff Writer
BODY:·
Still smarting from a stinging defeat over Proposition 187 in last month's
election; California Democrats vow that from now on, they will not allow
conservatives'to dominate the state's initiative proc~ss.
Starting with the 1996 elections, the Democrats plan to come up with their
own statewide propositions, some of which will be offered to ~ounter initiatives
like voter~passed Prop. 187, which denied government benefits to illegal
immigrants. Others will seek to advance the party's policy goals, perhaps in the
areas of welfare and campaign-finance reform.
In an interview, state chairman Bill Press admitted that the Democrats made a
serious error in their strategy of fighting 187, which the party officially
opposed. " I think we made a mistake not having something on the ballot agai~st
187," he said.
Press said party leaders, still trying to sort out the wreckage of the
election setback, are meeting to decfde how to proceed~
"There are lots of conversations going on about what the ballot will look
like in 1996. One thing for sure is that we're not going to accept a totally
defensive posture, " he said.'
"The initiative process has been perverted in California,"
Press charged.
"It's no longer citizens trying to express their point of view. It is being
used by right- wingers 'with a pure, extreme agenda to try to influence
elections."
'
MORE EXPLOSIVE THAN PROP. 187
If Proposition l87 set the angry tone fo~ California's 1994 election, 19~6
could be the year of an anti affirmative action initiative, which has been
officially named the California Civil Rights Initiative. It could be even more
explosive than Proposition 187.
Berkeley-based organizers of the initiative say they still are deciding
whether to try to get the me~sure on the March 1996 primary ballot or on the
November general election ballot. Given time constraints, they probably will try
for November, when the natiort elects a president.
'
.
�PAGE
24
The San Francisco Chronicle, DECEMBER 19, 1994
That could mean bad news for the Democrats,~and for President Clinton's
expected re-election bid. the possible initiative has been informally dubbed the
"angry white men's initiative."
In a state where white voters constituted
about 78 percent of the turnout in November, it could provide another chance for
voters angry with the status quo to voice their discontent and could spell
electoral disaster for a liberal party associated.with affirmative action.
The heart of the proposed amendment to the state constitution forbids the
state or any
government from using "race, sex, color, ethnicityor
national origin as a criterion fdr either discriminating against, or granting
preferential t~~atment to, any individual or group in the operation of the
state's system of public employment, public education or public contracting."
'DIRTIEST CAMPAIGN'
A supporter of the initiative, professor Frederick R. Lynch of
claremont-McKenna College outside Los Angeles, said the fight over the
proposition could be bitter. "It could be the dirt st campaign in California
history. The 6ther side wonit be caught flat- footed, as they were on 187,'
said. Lynch, who has written against affirmative action programs.
I
Press was not sure what a Democratic-backed initiative on affirmative action
would say. "We may be opeh t6 some modification to make sure affirmat
action
doesn't discriminate against white males, which it shouldn't,"
he said.
Thomas Wood, who works for t
California Association of Scholars, a
conservative-minded group of f
tyat the state's universities, is one of the
initiative's organizers. He denies it is anti-civil rights.
"We want to enshrine the
Act,"
he said.
ic principles of the 1964 federal Civil Rights
That landmark law forbade discrimination on the basis of race, sex or
ethnicity.Affirmative action came about later' 'to shift the emphasis from
equaiity of opportunity to equality of results, and from individual rights to
group entitlements,
as a brochure circulated by the group pushing the
initiative said.
\
I
,
Backers said they have drawn the initiative narrowly to avert court
challenges. It does not cover
sting state programs, says nothing about
federally ordered affirmative action and says that any se6tion of the amendment
found to
in conflict with federal law shall
dropped.
SMALL BUDGET SO FAR
The
tiative is being organized on a small budget so far, but backers have
put together an advisory board of well~known figures, mostly from the
conservative side of politics. They include 1992 GOP Senate candidate Bruce
Herschenson, state Senator Tom Campbell, R Los Altos, independent state Senator
Quentin Kopp of San Francisco and Sally Pipes,
ident of the Pacific Research
Institute for Public Policy
San Francisco.
Campbell said the init
ive could have the side effect of helping
Republicans in 1996. "It could bring out conservative voters. But you don't
know what other initiatives will be on the ballot."
�PAGE
25
The San Francisco Chronicle, DECEMBER 19, 1994
He said the initiative pose9 a, dil~mma for Clinton and the Democrats.
"Suppose the presidential nominee for the Republicans is squarely for
color-blind government, and he (Clinton) is against it,"
Campbell said. Given
that it is mainly whites in California who vote, he said, such a position could
hurt Clinton. On the' her hand, Democrats still rely'on minority turnout to
provide victory margins, so coming out aga inst such an initi ive could hurt
Clinton's standing with minorities.
ALTERNATIVE CHOICES
That's where Press' idea comes in, bi providing voters with another option'
a more moderate choice.
His idea is not new." In 1988~ for
anc~, there were compe~ing campaign
reform initiatives on the ballot., Both passed. State law provided that the one
with the mo~t votes, would go ,into effect, along with non-conflicting parts
the'second.
But, after a long court ~ight, the state Supreme Court ruled that oniy the
initiative with the most votes should take effe'ct. However,. most of the No.
1
campaign reform initiative wa~ found t6 be Unconstitutional, so neither
initiative took effect.
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
LOAD DATE-MDC: December 19, 1994
�PAGE
17
10TH STORY of, Levell printed in FULL format.
Copyrigh~
1994 The Washington Post
The Washington Post ,
December 27, 1994, Tuesday, Final Edition
SECTION: FIRST SECTION; PAGE A3
LENGTH: 1173 words
HEADLINE:
fort to Outlaw Affirmative Action, Pro~oted in California;
1 Rights Groups 'See Initiative as Political-Cultural Grenade
SERIES: Occasional
BYLINE: John Boudreau, Special to The Washington Post
DATELINE: BERKELEY, Calif. '
BODY:
The headquarters for theC?lifornia Civil Rights Initiat
, a measure that
would outlaw affirmative action, is located on Martin Luther King Jr. Way.
lIA lot of people see an irony, II says Glynn Custred, one of two scholars
leading the fight to overthrow the decades~old government attempt to redress
discrimination. They want to end government programs that give minority and
female preference for jobs, promotions, contracts and coll
admissions with a
proposed state constitutional amendment.
And traditionai civil rights groups are taking the~ very seriously.
California voters gave the nation a j
frOm the right last month when they
ed Proposition 187, which: would deny non-emergencY,medical care and
education to illegal immigran'ts. Now the state could be on the verge of doing it
again. Conservatives hope to place the anti-affirmative action measure on the
1996 presidential primary ballot.
liThe t
has turned, II says Thomas Wood, executive director
the
conservative California Ass06iation of Scholars and the initiati~e's
co-architect. lIThere is an anti-affirmative action issue coming down the pi
California that is going to make 187 look like kindergarten." '
in
Not
that voters here are angry and worried about their economic future,
,Constance Rice of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund in Los Angeles
said, "This state is already dangerously polarized. II
The measure, which has been endorsed by the California Republican Party,
needs 615,000 valid'signatures to qualify for the ballot as a statewide
proposition. If approved by voters,' it would bar' the use of ethnicity or gender
lias a criterion for either discriminating against, or granting preferential
treatment to, any individual or group." It also would require agencies to,
reimburse
costs of successful plaintiffs.
firmat
action is like
Vietnam War," said Custred, a California
State University anthropology professor. "We got into'it with the best of
intentions. It turned into a quagmire. Now's time to get out.
�.~
.
PAGE
18
The Washington Post, December 27, 1994
lilt's reversed Jim Crow," he added. "We will never have a color-blind
society. But,we need a color-blind legal code."
The authors of the anti-affirmative action measure argue that affirmative
action contradicts the 1964 Civil Rights Act, which prohibited discrimination
for reasons of color, race, religion or national origin. In addition, they said
it penalizes qualified minorities by tainting them as so-called quota hires and
rarely helps the economically disadvantaged.
IIPeople are really I
d.about affirmative action," Wood said. "It
compromises or distorts the American pr
iple that people shouldn't be
discriminated against on the basis of t
race, sex,
or national
origin. II'
He said he believes California's pol ical landscape, in an era of limited
dreams and resources, is fertfle ground
their pop~list ideas. Wood and
Custred are confident that California voters, who approved Proposition 187 by a
2-to 1 ratio in November, are ready to send another powerful message to the
state Capitol -- and beyond.
IIIf we get this on the ballot and raise the money and support we need, the
race is ours·to lose," wood said. "I would not want to
the campaign manager
for the opposition. Who wants to be opposed to equal rights?1I
Civil rights advocates view the
grenade.
ive as a cultural political hand
"You can call it Willie Horton,goes to college,lI
d Eva Paterson, executive
director of the Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights in San Francisco, referring
to the television ad during the 1988 presidential campaign in which
Massachusetts Gov. Michael S. bukakis was' attacked for allowing a convicted
lon, who was black, out of prison. lilt's the politics of polarization. It will
re segregate soc
"I believe affirmative action is flawed,
th an answer for admitted racism. II
II
she said. 'iBut no one has come up
Rice, the western regional counsel for the NAACP Legal Defense and
Educational Fund, said that studies show that black males continue to lag behind
white counterparts with equal education in terms
salaries. Affirmative aGtion
is the only way to bridge that gap and allow minorities to break into
professional ranks, long the bastion of white males, she said.
"This is a door-closing measure," Rice said. "As long as the statistics are
100 percent white and male, no' one ever raises the quest.ion, ' Is t
anything
wrong with this picture?' But as soon as you begin to level the playing field
and make resources available [to minorities], all
a sudden we have a
constitutional
sis. It's so hypocritical."
Custred and Wood call themselves rieoconservat
. Their cramped, bare-light,
bulb office resembles a warren
university teaching assistants. The genial
scholars emphatically rummage through piles of papers,' refer to
icles and
books as requ
reading and speak with reasoned sincerity. They like to point
out that their f
rcest opponents have been unable to call th~m racists.
�~,.
PAGE
The washington Post
l
19
December 27, 1994
Wood t whose field is philosophYI
he has been denied academic
appointments because he is white. "I was once told by a member of a
committee at a university·, IYou/d walk into this job if you were the
gender,
he said.
I
"
Custred said affirmative adtion threatens the state/s educational system. He
and colleagues became concerned with proposedlegislation which I
er failed,
requiring proportional representation of minorities among. public university
graduates~ The push for diversity, he maintained, overshadows academics.
Minority students may be bumped up to a higher level.of college than they are
prepared for, he said.
l
"There are large numbers of under-prepared students coming in / ll Custred said.
IIAre we going to be a remedial institution or an institution of higher
education?"
Furthermore, the two academics said they want to head off potential
demagogues who could use affirmative action to fuel racism.
"Affirmative action was
with the best of the American character: to
right a wrong / " Custred Said. ~But instead we've created an apparat~s that has
led us down the path of Balkanization where everything is decided by race
ethnicity and gender."
l
Civil rights advocates
in a state strained by
I
though said the measure will. further inflame fears
tensions and in economic shock.
I
"There's a very low flash point out here," Rice said.
lowest primal fears, it/s a da~gerous situation. 11
IIWhen you pander to the
She added "How the state reacts will depend on who has
support or oppose [the initiative]. That's the sad fact."
l
most money to
Assemblyman Bernie
chter,:a Republican from Chico introduced a similar
anti-affirmative action amendment in the state Assembly in early December. His
legislation would support preferences only for economically disadvantaged people
applying for entry-level positions.
l
"I would pre
that Democr~ts help put this on the ballot and join us,~ he
said. "My message to my Democratic friends is: Either support it now or be run
over by it later.1I
GRAPHIC: PHOTO, THOMAS WOOD AND GLYNN CUSTRED ARE LEADING THE BALLOT EFFORT,
WHICH THEY CALL THE CALIFORNIA CIVIL RIGHTS INITIATIVE. NICK LAMMERS FOR TWP
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
LOAD-DATE-MDC: December 271 1994
�2ND STORY of Level 1 printed in FULL format.
PAGE
5
"
Copyright 1995' McClatchy Newspapers, Inc.
Sacramento Bee
'
January 3, 1995, METRO FINAL
SECTION: EDITORIALS; Pg. B6
LENGTH: 1174 words
HEADLINE: THE NEXT FREIGHT TRAIN
BYLINE: John Jacobs, Political E:ditor
,
,
",' '1'~""~'~'",~ ,t)'... ,."~~..,.. ... <,-;~\..,. ...":.,,,.•,. ,~ "
-.,',
BODY:
WHEN THE "three strikes" package of crime legislation, was unveiled last year
-- and later when it ~ent on the ballot -- Democratic legislative leaders Willie
Brown and Bill Lockyer and Democ;ratic gubernatorial candidates Kathleen Brown
and John Garamendi jumped out of' the way, They could spot a freight train
barreling down the track, ,and felons don't vote.
It was harder when Proposition 187 came along. That measure~ ,which passed py
a 3 -2 margin, would, if deemed constitutional , deny' educat'ion and nonemergency·
health benefits to illegal,:; immigrants . It was fueled by voter rage at taxpayer
money being used to pay for thes,e services " and that rage was stoked by Gov.
Pete Wilson's re-election campaign, which highlighted the theme.
But Proposition 187 struck at, some of the core, values of Democratic
activists, civil libertarians and Hispanic groups, many of whom don't believe
children should be denied acces~ to health and education because of where their
parents choose to live. Most Democratic candidates opposed the measure and for
many, including Kathleen Brown, the issue contributed to their defeat.
Now comes a measure, the Cali'fornia Civil Rights Initiative, aimed right at
the heart of the Democratic Party's core constituenc s: liberals, minorities
and'public employee unions.
INTRODUCED AS a constitutional amendment'last year by Assemblyman Bernie
Richter,R-Chico,. the measure would !!prohibit the state or any of its political
subdivisions from using race~ sex, color, ethnicity or national origin as a
criterion for either discriminating against, or granting preferential treatment
to, any individual or group in the operation of the state's system of public
employment, public education or public contracting.!!'
,
What this means, in short, is no discrimination. But more, important, no
affirmative action programs for women or minorities, either. No preferences for
minority contractors (a Republican-appointed state Supreme Court just affirmed
the validity~f such programs last week in a 6-1 decision); no' special programs
for admission of minorities to college; no special race-based programs for
gQvernment jobs,including police and firefighting. Polls have shown that such
programs are highly unpopular with voters.
"
If "three strikes!! and Proposition 187 w~re freight trains,this initiative
could be a heat-seeking missile that, if it's not disarmed, explodes the
Democratic Party coalition; Richter plans to introduce it again in the new .
session. Republicans see it as a wedge.issue tha.t they would love to put on
�....... -'.
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,
~-
Sacramerrto·B~e,
January 3;
1~95
, PAGE
6
the November -1996 ballot if the Legislature does not approve it (and possibly
even, if it does). Last week Wilson came close to endorsing it.
.. '"
.~~"~:, .'
Democratic incumbents would be forced to choose between voting to protect
race-based programs, which would infuriate many voters, including angry white
males, whose overwhelming Republican votes last November gave the GOP control of
Congress and possibly the state Assembly. Or they could vote against such
programs and draw the ire of minority activists, who would punish them.,
I
"We ,;be-l.ieve'~ye ',-:~'!S"€F6ff,",,,,,,,,-':/il
rrr~hW€~§t~iDavid:;rReads
"that this will
~:~~?'~l~~i~~a!l~e~:~~~:~S
rna] or:!l:,tY'."'~:I:~'l':!'J..)e' oleve".,-l·t=uGes ;';..r.~';ii:e:t!.lt1~";.'1:;~';W';;-..-.",
.. ,::!'f.-.!:••. ,:'• • ,
' . "..
, ;
~~::..£~.::·;,,:
WHEN RICHTER'S measure. came up 'last year,it died in the Assembly Judiciary
Committ'ee. The Legislative Black: Caucus and Hispanic Caucus both opposed it.
i'There's little doubt in my mind that if this bill goes forward," Assemblywoman
Barbari Lee; D-Oakland, chair of the Legislative,Black Caucus, said at the time,
"We wil'l have turned the clock back 30, 40 or 50 years." Maybe so, but most
voters, don't, see it that way, including Democrats.
"The~'"~-4'~~~sht",,,,,t~~iill'lQ~x,a.tlc"""response:~!'t-o~t:;nYs~W'i'mmeai'a't'ely, II said one top
legislative"" "~trer. "EiHier;"1'iwe:;zdeal",:::,wit·h,:Gt,he:..-.:issue:;:orc§embrac,e.:."it. But we can't
be out there just saying we're against it and defending the status quo. These
are programs we have ~upported ahd funded and many have been ~uccessful. But,
they ar~ very hard to defend. It~slike "three strikes,' which sounds so logical
to the public."
One option would be to 'liberate Democrats to vote their dist~icts and provide
enough votes to approve several bills in the AsseIDblyand 'Senate to end these
programs. If Wilson signed them into law in 1995, .it would be hard to argue that
an initiative would be necessary the following year.
There is ,a huge problem with this strategy, however. Richter's
constitutional'amendment that wouid supplementthe"bills would require 54 vot.es,
which means at least 14 Assembly'De~ocrats would have tos~allow it.
If 'a: significant number of Democrats'split oyer race and over, whether to
repudiate affirmative action programs they have sponsored for 20.years, the
retribution to follow could make the current speakership war, by comparison,
look like a walk in the park.
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
LOAD-DATE-MDC: January 4, 1995
, "
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39
LEVEL 1 - 15 OF 29 STORIES
Copyright 1994 The San Diego Union-Tribune
The San Diego Union-Tribune
August 11, 1994, Thursday
SEC~ION:
NEWS; Ed. 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,E; Pg. A-3
LENGTH: 746 words
HEADLINE: Bill to end affirmative action programs killed
BYLI~E:
ED MENDEL
Staff Writer
BODY:
Backers of a "color-blind" bill· aimed at eliminating all. state and local
government affirmative action programs lost their first battle yesterday, but
contidently predicted eventual victory in the Legislature or through an
initiative.
"'This is ~iust the first shot in a salvo that. will be heard allover America,
.~d Assemblyman Bernie Richter, R-Chico, whose ACA 47 was rejected on a
.>rty-lirie vote by the Assembly Judiciary Committee.
Richter, who was joined by supporters at a news conference afterward, said
the committee hearing was a historic first debate on an issue that has been
···difficult to discuss in the p~st because of charges of racism.
I
But at an
emo~ional
hearing that drew an overflow crowd to a small committee
room, opponents said Richter's bill is not the birth of a nationwide movement
but !an attempt to create a wedge issue that Republicans can use against
Democrats in legislative campaigns.
I~It's'very
unfortunate
tha~
we use these difficult times, with issues such
as
thi~, to further
Angeles.
polariz~
our state, II said Assemblyman Richard Polanco, D-Los
The measure would put a proposed state constitutional amendment on the
ballot
,
that would prevent all state and local government agencies from operating
affirmative action programs.
Racial minorities and women could not be given
preference for government jobs, government contracts or positions in public
schools, colleges or universities.
Federal affirmative action programs would not be affected by the measure.
Currently, the state and many local government'agencies have hiring goals
�?~~ed
at creating a work forc~ that rou~hly mirrors the percentage of
. ',"Drities '
~~he population.
Many agencies also' set aside a percentage of their
contracts
for pids from businesses owned by minorities, women and the disabled.
ACA 47 is co authored by 43 members of the Legislature, all of them
Republicans except for Sens. Robert Presley, D-Riverside, and Quentin Kopp,
I-Sah Francisco.
bill is: similar to an initiative backed by a group called
the California Civil Rights Initiative, '...,hose advisory board includes Kopp and
state Serio Tom Campbell, R-Stanford.
�PAGE
. '"
40
The San Diego Union Tribune, August 11, 1994
Th~ initiative was ~i~een-5y Thomas Wood, executive director of the
California Association of Scholars in Berkeley, and Glynn Custred, a professor
at California State University, Hayward. The initiat
was filed with the
secretary of state last year, but backers 'say there was no attempt to gather
slgnat;,ures. .
,
I
,
Wo¢d said the initiative will be refiled and supported by a grass-roots
drive,
to gather signatures
the1~96 ballot.
Denying an accusation by opponents,
both ~ood and Richter said their measures are not part
.a nationwide drive to
ban
firmative action programs orchestrated by Patrick Buchanan, a former GOP
preaidential candidate.
I
'
Richter said he introduced the bill because of a tlfaculty rebellion tl . at
Cali
a State University, Chico. About 40 percent of the faculty signed a
petition opposing an affirmative action program launched by a new president at
CSU Chico last year.
I
In:several state and nationql polls, said Richter,
is strong public
for eliminating
firmative action programs. He said some of the polls
suppo~t
"
.
. '?W that affirmative action is opposed by a third of Af
'.'
can-Americans and
> en
...
"rribre Latinos '.
Richter and his supporters said affirmative action programs encourage
.racisl)1,
the thing they are supposedly aimed at eliminating. He sa
the programs can
help 'i sow the seeds of race hate deep into the fabr.ic of American society.!1
I
Bu~ opponents of the bill said that
centu~ies 6f discrimination that still
are n?t
co~peting
Ju~ith Kurtz,
on a
1
p~aying
affirmative action is needed to correct
continues today. They said minorities
field.
an attorney for Equal Rights Advocates, criticized the
proposal
!1tod~smantle longstanding
forts; to remedy the discrimination faced by women
mino~ities
- especially when California will become the only state where
minor~ties. will be a majority of the population in the next. f
years. tI.
and
University of California Regent Ward ConnerlYi an African-American
businessman appointed by Republican Gov. Pete Wilson, said he opposes UC
affir~ative action programs because they have !1reached the point of diminishing
"
,
returns."
Others
n
~choed
the view, noting that highly qualified Asian students
h~ve
�,
I'
I
I
''';:~'Aned: away from UC
" ',',' .",',~,.
I
'
ley bec::ause Asians are over represented,on the campus.
i
" ... >.~.:j
,
LANGUAGE: ' ENGL I SH
LOAD-DATE-MDC:
August 12,1
1994
I
.i
I,
I
I
"
,
, I'
i
"
I
�PAGE
6TH STORY of
~evel
i
Copyright 1994 iMcClatchy Newspapers,
i The Fresno Bee .
I
I
1
1
,12·
1 printed in FULL format.
Inc.
I.
December :30, i994
SECTIOty: TE,LEGRAPH,
I
HOME EDITION
Pg. A3 ,.PEOPLE
I
LEN~~H~ 720w~rds
I
I
I
HEADLltyE: Wilson in favor of ab9lishing affir~ative action, quotas
i
BYLINEi Ken, Chavez BeeC, ApitoJJ Bureau
DATELINE: SACRAMENTO
I
1
.1
BODY:
1
:
Go¥~W~~-~on
said Thursday he favors abolishing the state's affirmative-action
laws, ~ayin~ government jobs and entry into 60llege should not be awarded on the
basis 6f race or sex but on ind~vidual merit~
.
!
1
,
I
.
I
"I don't.,think that it' s fai~ to give preference based upon race or gender. I
think ~hat YJe should do is make :those.· judgments :pased-;;uf2GH-lJ\s=_-r:~t aft.er_af.fqrding
r~al equal i tY--.3JlfL.QRP.QLt_uni_tY_Qf,_aq::ess," ·the Republ ican . governor said in an
interview. .
.
:
I
In 6ther comments, Wilson also said:
1
I
*
1
H~ enj oys the speculation ~urrounding. his prospects for a spot on the GOP's
presid~ntial
debate
1·
'
ticket in 1996,
I
*
sa~ing
it gives him'clout in national-policy
1
He would not rule.out the f{ossibility of mouriting a "favorite son" campaign
for prJsident in California as a way of brokering a divisive primary battle
among ~lose~y matched Republica~ presidenti~l candidates .
sup~orts
. *
HJ
his party's upJoming attempts in Congress to deny welfare to
legal tmmigrants, a position he Isaid does not conflict with his campaign
statements drawing a distinctio~ between.governmentservices for legal and
illegal immigrants.
.
I
.
:
I'
*
His goals for his second t~rm as governor include changes in welfare,
thelega~ system and ~restructuring California's regulatory laws and
loweri~g tax rates so they are Davoraple to job creation,
.
. ,
.,
."
educat~on,
Wil~on's' remarks on affirma~~ve a~tion put him in philosophical agreement
with aihigh~y controversial proRosal to amend the state Constitution in a way
that ~~uld ~ipe out pre£erentia~ treatment programs for 'women and ethnic
minori~ies. Affirmative-action ~rograms have been in place tor decades as a way
ofrec~ifying past discriminato~y piactic~s.
,
•
I
1
•
I
1
An effort to put the so-called "co.).orblind society" amendment on the ballot
failediih the legislature earlier this year, but 'the proposal's author,
Assembiyman Bernie Richter, R-CHico,has re-introduced the measure for the
comingllegislative session. Oth~is are contemplati~g an initiative drive to
qualift the' measure for the ballot in 1996 .
.I
I
;
I
I
.1
I
�PAGE
13·
The Fresno Bee, December 30, 1994
Programs for poor preferable
Wilson stopped short of endo~sing the spe~ifics of either effort, but said
affirmative-action policies should be abolished in favor of programs that help
the poor, particularly disadvant~ged children, gain the opportunities they need
for self-improvement.
"Making it (hiring and other decisions) purely on the basis of race and
gender is wrong," Wilso;n said. ":1 can think of people I know who are members of
minority groups who areextiaordinarily giftedand.who, by their owneffo~t,
have become quite wealthy and don't need any preference. They're doing just fine
in an open competition~
"But what is true is that there are a lot of people who -- not because of
color necessarily, people of all colors -- are poor and not provided equal
access and equal opportunity. . ,. . What we really need to focus on is whether
we are affording,. realistically,! a quality of opportunity and access to all
children. I'think that's what we want."
'
Wilson railed against quotas ~- fixed hiring percentages for women and
minorities -- in his 1990 campaign for governor but he stopped short that year
of calling for an end to affirmative-action goals.
Quota systems
On Thursday, Wilson linked the two, saying, "I don't think we should be
awarding either jobs or places in a graduate school class based upon race or
gender because if you do, es~entially you are talking abotit a quota system, and
I qon't think what we want are quotas.
"We don't want to deny anybody access but I don't think you give preference
by virtue of gender or membership in an ethnic group."
Asked whether he would favor abolishing affirmative action while offering
more programs to expand opportunities for poor children, Wilson answered "Yes."
Turning to the question of whether he likes being mentioned as a possible
presidential candidate in 1996, Wilson said he enjoy~ the talk as, a way to gain
more leverage in·national policy discussions.
"I hope it gives me all kinds of clout," he said. "It affords an opportunity
to affect p~blic policy, and with a Republican majority in both hou~es of
Congress, there a~e now opportun~ties that were a pipe dream before November."
Since his re-election, Wilson ; has hedged on the question of whether he'll run
for national office.
,
GRAPHIC: Gov. Wilson says that.programs to help the poor are better than
affirmative 'action.
LOAD-DATE-MDC: December 31, 1994
�PAGE
9
5TH STORY o.f Levell printed in FULL format.
Copyright 1994 The San Diego Union-Tribune
.
The San Diego Union Tribune
Dece~ber
30, 1994, Friday
SECTION: NEWS; Ed. 1,2,3,4/5/6,"7,8; Pg. A-3
LENGTH: 840 words
HEADLINE: Governor would drop affirmative action laws Sees merit as the key,
r than rac~, gender
BYLINE:" KEN CHAVEZ
McClatchy News Service
BODY:
Gov. Pete Wilson said yesterday he favors abolishing the state's af rmative
action laws, saying government Dobs and entry into college should not be awarded
on the basis of race or sex but, on individual merit.
"I don't think that it's
ir to give preference based upon race or gender. I
think what" 'we should do is make! those judgments based upon merit after affording
equality and opportunity of access," the Republican g9vernor sgid in an
intervi.~w .
In other comments, Wilson
al~o
said:
He enjoys the speculation surrounding his prospects for a spot on the GOP's
presidential ticket in 1996, s~ying it gives him clout in natiohal policy
debates.
He wouldn't rule out
pqssibility of mounting a "favorite son" campaign
for president in
ifornia aSia way of brokering a divis
primary battle
among closely matched Republic~n presidential candidates.
He supports his party's upc;oming 'attempts in Congress to deny welfare to
legal immigrants who are not U.S. citizens, a position he said does not conflict
with his campaign rhetoric dra0ing a distinction between government services for
legal and illegal immigrants.
His g~als for his second term as governor incl~de changes in welfare,
education,' the legal system an~ restructuring California's regulatory laws and
lowering tax rates so they are: more favorable to job creation.
Wilson~s remarks on" affirma~ive action put him in philosophical agreement
with a proposal to amend the state constitution in a way that would wipe out
preferential treatment programs for women and ethnic minorities.
Affirmative- tion programs have been in place for decades as 'a way of
rectifyin~ past discriminatori practices.
An ef
to put the soed "colorblind society" amendment on the ballot
iled in,the Legislature earl
this year, but the proposal's author,
Assemblyman Bernie Richter, R
co, has reintroduced the measure for the coming
legislative session. ,Others are contemplating an initiative drive to qualify
the m~asure for the" ballot in '1996.
�PAGE
10
The San Diego Union-Tribune, December 3D, 1994
Wilson stopped short of endorsing the specifics of either effort, but said
affirmative-action pol ies should be abolished in favor
programs that .help
the poor, particularly disadvant:aged children, gain the opportunit s and access
they need for sel f - improvement. :
"Making it (hiring and other decisions) purely on the basis of race and
gender is wrong, II Wilson said.
II I can think of people I know who are members of
minority groups who. are extraor~inarily gifted and who, by their own effort,
have become. quite wealthy and ddn't need any preference. They're doing just
fine in an open.competition.
"But what is true is that th~re are a lot of people who -- not because of
color necessarily, people of
1 colors -- are poor and not provided equal
. access and equal opportunity.' . :. . What we really need to focus on is whether
we are affording , realistically,' a quality of opportunity and' access to all
children.
I think that's what we want. II
Wilson railed against quotas :-- fixed hiring percentages for women and
minorities - - . in his 1990 campai!gn for governor, but he stopped short that year
of calling for an end to affirmative-action goals.
Yesterday, Wilson linked th~two, saying, "I don't think we should be
awarding either jobs or places in a graduate school class based upon race or
gender because if you do, essentially you are talking,about a quota system, and
I don't think what we want are quotas.
We don't want to deny anybody access "
but I don't think you give preference by virtue of gender or membership in an
ethnic group."
Asked wh~ther he would favor~abolishing affirmative action while offering
more programs to expand opportunit s for poor children, Wilson an~wered, IIYes."
Turning to the question of whether he likes being mentioned as a possible
presidenti
candidate
1996, ~ilson said he enjoys the talk as a way to gain
more leverage in national policy discussions.
III hope it gives me all kinds of clout, II he
d. lilt affords an opportunity
to affect public policy, and wi~h a Republican majority in both houses of
Congress,. there are now opporturiities that were a pipe dream before November."
He also left open the possibility of running a "favorite son" campaign in
California. Under that scenario, Wilson would run for president only in
California,. capturing the state'is del~gates himself so that t
state could
wield more clout at the GOP's 1996 national convention in San Diego.
"The
advantage could be if you're in 'a situation where the two 'leading contenders are
essentially' deadlocked,' and you 'have the ability to break the deadlock (it)
gives you a little bargaining power," he said.
In the area of immigration, Wilson said rollbacks in welfare services for
legal immigrants who are not U.S. c izens are justified because it should be
the responsibility of those who sponsor immigrants -- particularly those who are
relatives -, to provide for the newcomers' well-being if they cannot provide for
themselves.:
'
�PAGE
The San' Diego Union-Tribune, December 30, 1994
GRAPHIC: 1 PHOTO; Gov. Pete Wilspn
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
LOAD-DATE-MDC: December 31, 1994
11
�'.,
PAGE
7
4TH STORY of Levell printed in FULL format.
Copyright 1994
Chronicle Publishing Co.
The San Francisco Chronicle
DECEMBER 31, '1994, SATURDAY, FINAL EDITION
SECTION: NEWS; Pg. A1
,
LENGTH: 697
wor~s
firmative Action
HEADLINE:. Wilson Backs .State Ban On
BYLINE: John Wildermuth, Chronicle Staff Writer
BODY:
Governor Wilson has come out in favor of ending affirmat
action hiring
policies in Cali
a, stepping squarely into what is likely to be the
bloodiest political fight of 1996.
!
The gove rno r' s
.
,
&Ele:s::::s:peB:E::--::y-:-e::,-.:s:::-,tfe'r'Ga:¥"'l"'q.tfa~J::i:f.y..±rrg:""W~±:lS_Ql}·'-s~~c.:a~l:-l-:E-e·l?-en~·ing
h-i-ri-ng=p-r.e:f:er_en·c'e·s_ba's:e:d_on=r,acE;=an.d-gender7-w~hich
government anti-discrimination
~fforts
have been a rnainstay of
the 1960s.
'
In an in~erview published in iyeiterday's Sacramento Bee, Wilson said he
supports changes in the way California deals with affirmative action in the
schools and in the workplace.
'
,
" I don't think we should be awarding
ther jobs or places in a graduate
school based upon race or gender, because you're talking about a quota system,"
Wilson said in a transcript provided by his
fice.' 'We don't want to deny
anybody access, but I don't think you give
ference by virtue of gender or
m~mbership in an ethnic group.,f
Affirmative action is an exp~osive subject, especially in the aftermath o£
the overwhelming November victoFY of Proposition 187, which tapped into a
groundswell, of anger
inst illegal immigrants and minorities.
.
Even if Wilson wanted to abolish affirmative action, aides stres
,the
governor might not get his wish on the politi
ly sensitive subject.
"You don't always have your way around here,"
said Paul Kranhold, a
spokesman for the governor. "There are a lot
things that (Wilson) has
supported and tried to do that have just died in the Legislature."
Although, Wilson d e c l t o support either a proposed constitutional
amendment or a possible
tiative on affirmative action, he left the doo~ open
by saying that he needed to giv~ careful study to both.
Republic~n Assemblyman Berni~ Richter of Chico proposed a constitutional
amendment last year that would have banned any
ferential treatment on racial,
ethnic or g~nd~r grounds by the:state or lo~al governments. The measure died on
: a party-line vote in the Assembly Judiciary Committee, but Richter already has
submitted a new version for the coming legi~lative session.
If, as expected, the ,new proposal goes nowhere,
Cali
a conservatives are ready to' turn in an
chter and a number
other
iative that would put an
�PAGE
8
-:r:he San Francis,co Chronicle, DECEMBER 31, 1994
affirmative action ban on the November 1996 ballot. The measure is known
ly as the Calif6rnia Ci~ilRigh~s Initiative, but it has been informally
dubbed the "angry white men',s initiative," and is designed to appeal to white
middle- class voters concerned dhat they are losing the battle for a shrinking
number of openings in top schoors -- as well as'job~ and promotions.
offi~i
"People who pursuepolic
.of quotas and preferences go to war against the
main ideals of the United
,'I Richter said yesterday. "They don't realize
the
iveness of trying td insert people into an environment where they
quota.' ,
can't make it just to meet
l
W{i1.s.o.n
i-Fle-rease
be..:.t:.t:..e.-r-s·t=a-Ft=--rn::?'·
1 if-e-,-s~Qe:1'l:::~s-pr:o:\dcl-ing-eh4-1El-ea:re7:::f?'l?e-sehoo-l-a·flEl-sefiool-br.ea-ki:Cl.:sJ: F>..E£g·r:alJ!.9.
s,aid-t=-Ra-E-a-l-~ng-w.·i:t-h:::a:boJ::rshrng=a:f:f~i:.:t;:ma',t:±.:v:.e=a·c.t:ron_,_he-wou.:::J::-a
gov.,3.r:nment.-s.uRRGr-t-,.0-f-mE:a-s·1::l:~e-s-tJl::!:a-t::-he::J:.p:::p-o-br:
ch±:]::c1:r.en=g:e..:.1:;
Cl:
Any attempt to scale back
.eliminate the state's affirmative action
programs is'going to end in a po~itical free~for-all, warned Alex Pitcher,
president of the San Francisco b:ranch of the NAACP.
'"
NAACP was responsible fbr bringing about affirmative action years ago,
arid we're not about to let
clock be turned back," he said. "I'm positive
, motivating factors ever in getting people to
this would be one of the
register and vote."
Partisan political observers suggested that Wilson's new attack on
affirmative action is a political ploy intended to ,improve his standing among
Republican conservatives in .advance of the GOP presidential primaries.
i
"More and more we're see
the real Pete Wilson, a calculating politi
animal," said'Bob Mulholland,
campaign adviser to the state Democratic
"In 1994, he saw that Propositipn 187 was going to
the hot issue, so. he
supported that. Now, it looks like affirmative action will be the issue in 1996,
so
he is again."
.
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
LOAD-DATE-MDC: January' 2, 1995
�,
,
PAGE
20
11TH STORY of Levell printed in FULL format.
Copyright 1994 The Hearst Corporation
The San Francisco Examiner
December 25, 1994, Sunday; Fifth Edition
SECTION: NEWS;Pg. A-17
LENGTH~
1454. words
HEADLINE: A crusade against "affirmative action'
I
COLUMN: JOAN STEiNAU LESTER
'. BYLINE: JOAN STEINAU LESTER
DATELINE: Emeryville
BODY:
THE CALIFORNIA back to-the-'~Os gang, who gave us '''three strikes ll and
Propositi9n 187, now hopes to a~olish affirmative action.
The gang aims to outlaw all;such programs with the misnamed California Civil
Rights Initiative, a proposed state constitutional amendment that would ban all
state edicts giving preferential treatment to women and minorit s in
contracting, hiring and school ci:dmissions.
And honestly, many of us wonder why we need these programs. Can't we just
hire, or admit to school, the mcpst qualif
person?
What does it matter who does the job as long as the job holder is t
best?
,We've all heard, and some of uslhave said, "I don't care whom I
re, o~ work
with, as lOng as they're the best qualified.
II
Which of course, brings up the question, How do we recognize'the best?
In real life~ we all tend to hire.people mpch
people we a'utomatica y recogni~e as "qualified."
They speak like us, walk I
references.
lik~
ourselves. Those are the
us, dress like us, and have similar cultural
We have colleagues or friends in common, or oid school ties. These are
people who are part of our world. We "know"them. We know how to evaluate them.
It's a stretch to see'the q~alifications of people who are dif .rent. When
I'm hiring, the person with a background similar to mine is easily seen as
meritorious. I am likely to utiderstand'her references and how she thinks.
Unfamili
ty all too often meahs discomfort and even mistrust.
We all acknowledge this,comfort zone when we speak of a prospective employee
as a "good fit." And we know it 4 in our guts, when we enter a new place and look
for the cues which tell us we belong.
I am continually amazed by now many businesses
re clones. At one firm I
know well, each senior executive looks like the CEO, sharing similar Ivy
�The San Franci~co Examiner, December 25, 1994
PAGE
21
League college experiences along with his gender and race. This is the comfort
zone come to life, and these are the guys who are "qualified" by the "standard."
Let's face it. Jobs are traqitionally filled through networks of people we
know, from peighbors, relatives, or
igious and professional groups.
Think back to jobs you've
IIconnection ll ?
h~d.
How many of them were found or enhanced by a
This is so common that part ,of the cultural wisdom we pass on to young
adults as they
out in the work world is, "It's not what you know.
it's who
you know." And "who" you know is 1
ly to be heavily influenced by "who" you
are. Since the United States is !still so socially segregated,.by race,ethnicity
and class, we are led right back to the beginning. We hire people who',look a lot
like ourselves.
Affirm~tive action was
~~ated to break this circular process, which f6r
most good jobs effectively shut out anyone othE;r than white males of particular
ancestry, 'the people who already have the jobs. Even today, in many situations,
only certain whit'e males' are all10wed in the club anyway.' If you are Jewi
,
Italian, Irish or Cathollc, for :example, you might be excluded. Not to mention
being gay.
" firmative action" meanss'etting goals (not quotas) and training people to
help make job sites and univers{t
mor~ inclusive and representative.
Affirmative action:ha~ had
hard road, as would any program designed to
change centuries of inequality.
t's an awkward and artificial construct in a
country where people value freedom of choice above all.
"This is a free country,." wei say as we grow up." I can' do whatever I want."
Affirmative action runs against that deeply held value.
,
And, not surprisingly,
firbative accion programs are
ten flawed.
Resistance 6as surfaced to progr~ms half-heartedly administered, conducted with
a cynical wink. White male applicants for jobs are sometimes told (illegally and
often erroneously) that they are,
ected f~r reasons other than their
qualifications.
I
Yet many companies have instituted
firmative action vol~ntarily
they've discovered that well runl programs make good business sense.
cause
In other words, they work .
. A bencHmark study bycbrpora~e giant IDS in Minneapolis has documented the
action programs, finding some of them
limpact
voluntary corporate affirmat
. directly responsible for generat~ng up to 25 percent increases in sales .
a firm to choose such a program will. severely
A law o:qtlawing the ability
hinder businesses from being compet~tive,
Affirmative action programs fire often confused in the public mind with those
rare but highly publicized instances
court-mandated quotas known as "consent
decrees,"
�...
PAGE
22
The San Francisco Examiner; December 25, 1994
These are numerical yardsticks reluctantly imposed by judges after years,
often decades, of foot-dragging, 'documented by wheelbarrows full of statistical
evidence rolled into federal courts.
Such, was the. case of the Los: Angeles Fire Department (c ed by backers' of
the California Civil Rights Initiative), where there was a 20-year history of
non-compliance with even its own agreements.
i
These
htgh-profil~
I
"quota" cases are the equivalent of keeping kids after
s~hool.
That's riot the way any teacher wants to teach. It's a method of last resort.
But sometimes it works.
Do we then judge a whole ~du~ational system by its after-school punishment
program, or ,believe that is typical of
s pedagogy?
In any case, it's not likely;that a state law would have any impact on
consent dec~ees issued by federal courts.
The reality is that affirmat~veaction, limited and flawed as' it is, has
profoundly changed the face 'Of tli;1e u.S. workforce. It has given a "leg -up" to a
generation of workers who still don't receive parity in pay for any given job.
If they can get it. (Unemployment rates for people of color historically average
twice that of whites. This conti~ues.)
"
Affirmative action is the pr?gram largely responsible for opening the doors
and
lowing the entry to mid-ma~agement of the layer of women and people of
color we've squeezed in over the: last 30 years.
A long-range alternat
to affirmative action is taking o'n social and
,
,
residential exclusion. Changing these patterns would diversify our,personal
networks and end the need foi artificial mechanisms to increase candidate pools.
This long range solution inv91ves all
us, to halt ongqing discrimination
by realty companies, mortgage holders, neighborhoods and social organizations.
It means monitoring our own subtle stereotypes and being willing to live through
a transitional discomfort zone.
That's quite a commitment. Can we make it? Until we do, we better keep the
ability to ~o some social engine~ring.
Otherwise, we'll be running right back to the '50s, when the preferential
treatment, however unintentionally, went all one way: affirmative action
white guys.
:
Joan Steina~ Lester, author of "The Future of White Men and Other
rsity
. Dilemmas," is CEO of ,Equity Institute.
LANGUAGE: English
LOAD DATE MDC: December 27, 1994
�PAGE
14
8TH.STORY of Levell printed in FULL format.
Copyright 1994 The Hearst Corporatitin
The San Francisco Examiner
December 30, 199,4, FridaYi Fourth Edition
SECTION: NEWSi Pg. A-22
LENGTH: '1667 words
: Girding for battle;over
HEADL
COLUMN: LETTERS TO THE
affirmative action initiative
I
EDITO~
BODY:
In her colu~n "A crusade against "affirmative action' » (Opinion Page, Dec.
25) , "Joan Steinau Lester fires the far left's f
shot in the upcoming war
over the California Civil Rights
tiative.
The proposed ini,tia,yve would add a constll_ut.i~:t"§l~EInendment banning all
forms of state government-sanctioned preferential treatment of women and
minorities in contracting, hiring and school admissions.
Lester tries to make a case for affirmative action by invoking the specter
of her. favorite bogeyman, the ever-evil white male
ding roughshod over the'
rest of society. She has no Qoubt that without affirmative action, white males
would willingly go back to pre civil rights ways of the '50s.
,
. .'
I
;
..
.
Lesier believes that white men should willingly look
other way when they
are passed over for an employment opportunity or. an educational opportunity
because they bear the burden! of restitution for the discrimination of
generations past.
To compound the felony of her morally weak argument~ she mentions that
hi
cally pre
ial treatment of white men was limi
to a narro~
cultural and religious subgroup
whites. If your last name sounded foreign or
if you only believed
the Old Testament, you could pretty much count on not
being hired if you were up against one of the "inner circle. " She then moves on
without seeing that the same subgroups of white males, while not enjoying all
the benefits of preferential treatment given to white male Protestants, must
suf
the indignity of being discriminated against under the banner of
affirmative action.
Reverse discrimination, klso known as affirmative action, is punishing men
who hav~ had nothing to do wtth past discrimination. The practice of
government-sanctioned discrifuination a g a t white males .is leading to a growing
resentment and hostility amopg both white mal~s and whites in general.
I
No rational person, white male or otherwise, thinks it is OK to
discriminate. Today's generation of white males should not have to accept a
racial spoils system just to: make up
the sins of the past.
Robert L. Gaskin
San Francisco
Don't scapegoat Libya
,
I.
�PAGE
15
The San Francisco Examiner, December 30, 1994
B.J. Cutler's piece link~ng the Libyan government with the bombing of Pan Am
Flight 103 in 1988 is full of accusations but no reliable evidence (i'No justice
for Pan Am 103 kill ers," OpiI)ion Page, Dec. 21, 1994).
I
Cutler states, "By 1990,American and Scottish detectives read CIA and
Britain's MI6 had traced the:bomb's detonator to Libyan intelligence
,
operations." It wasn't until late 1990 that the finger was being pointed at
Libya. Before then, American !officials were pointing the, finger at Syria. As the
American-led war with Iraq over the latter's invasion of Kuwait was approaching,
however, the Bush administra~ion decided that it needed Syria on its side. Who
better to blame for the bomb~ng than 'Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi, America's
favorite· Middle Eastein vill~in?
'
It has long been standard practice for Western intelligence agencies to link
anti-Western governments wit~ terrorist acts even when the, evidence doesn't
warrant such accusations.
Before Americans decide It's time to bomb Libya in order to bring to justice
the alleged perpetrators of t,he Pan Am bombing, let's remind ourselves that, in
the process, we might be causing as much damage to innocent Libyan civilians as
the actual' Flight 103 terrori'sts caused to Americans . I t would be a disservice
to the families of the victi~s to blame the wr6ng people.
Hugo Zuniga
San Francisco
Migden's.Bayview concern
Bill McGregor (letter, De;c. 22) takes issue with Harold' McCoy's quote, "Even
if fear is based on perceptiop, it sends the wrong message" (news story, "Migden
outrages Bayview residents," Dec. 15).
Unfortunately, McGregor t:hen goes on to confuse "perception" wi th "truth." A
board member might perceive the entire Bayview neighborhood as one whose
visitors require high-level protection. The truth, however, verified by
statistics and comparison~ wi~h other neighborhoods, does not support this
belief.
My o~n belief is that gov~rnment officials will propagate ~ntrtiths based on
perception, not facts. Don't ~ncourage them.
Stephanie Allen Gowin
San Francisco
Thank you for your accurate and timely appraisal of Supervisor Carole Migden's
nefarious' and supercilious behavior, directed (apparently) only toward blacks
(editorial, "Fear. in City Hall, loathing elsewhere," Dec. 19). Migden's
response is at best disingenuous (letter, Dec. 19, commenting on the Dec. 15
story about her blocking'a Bofrd of Supervisors meeting in Bayview -Hunters
Point because of security concerns) .
Migden could easily 'become president of the San Francisco Board of
Supervisors. She discarded an, endorsement that she desperately needed from The
Frederick Douglass Symposium,i subsequently losing vital African American votes.
Her rationale for this behavior was to force the symposium to change its
position:on another,ballot measure, and her approach,ran the gamut of lobbying,
arm-twisting, threatening and: calling in all black political chits owed to her.
�. PAGE
16
The'San Francisco Examiner, December 3D, 1994
In the end, she t
to ,destroy our efforts to get out a slate card by
influencing possible donors not to contribute. She was advised this would not be'
successful.
James ;L •. Howard
President
The Frederick Douglass Sympos,ium
San Francisco
Elders told the truth
In the wake of the Novemb,er 1994 elections, Clinton and his fellow Democrats
are.eager to demonstrate how ~eadilythey will accommodate the right wing. By
telling the truth, Dr. Joycelvn Elders became the
t casualty of this
right-wing swing in the White[House.
,
As surgeon
, Elderp demonstrated a real commitment to improving the
health of all Americans, despite the political pressure conservative Republicans
put on her.
She advocated that school~ take an active role in promoting healthy
behavior, including healthy s~xual behavior. She defended the right of same -sex
couples to adopt children and' she denounced homophobia in organizations like the
Boy Scouts.
She br6ught the nation's ~ttention to widespread dome
suggested that drugs be.legal~zed to cut .down on crime.
ic violence.
She
If Clinton had a real comm{tment to the poor and to working people, he would
implement Elder's suggestions: Instead, to appease the right wing, Clinton lost
one of the last voices of reason in his government.
Nancy Reiko Kato
National organizer
Radical Women
San Francisco
New Year wish
To the person who found my: black shoulder bag on
Muni, brought it to the
bus driver who returned it to ,lost-and-found, where
stayed in the safe until
I picked it up l{ke a lost child: Thank you and a wish for you also, to have such
good luck in the New Year.
Bernice Sachs
San Francisco
LANGUAGE: 'English
LOAD-DATE-MDC: December 31, 19'94
�.'
.
1ST STORY' of .L'evel 1 printed in FULL· format.'
Copyright 1995 Ame'rican Political Network, Inc.
The Hotline
,January 3
I
1995
SECTION: WHITE HOUSE '96
LENGTH: 1534 words
HEADLINE: GOP '96:·WELD HINTS AT
RUN
BODY:
WELD: Bill Weld said 12/~~ that "family feasibility and
(the) field" would be "key issue,sl! to consider before running for
president, but added that he "wasn't at the point where he was.
'actively trying 'to determine wh~ther those factors would allow
him to ,make the run." Weld:' "I'm really not even engaged in a
thinking or decision-making prodess about that" (Connolly, BOSTON
HERALD, 12/30). Connolly reported 12/29 that there is a
"dist,inct possibility" that Weld will run. W,eld adviser John
Moffitt: II I think· he wqJ.lld match up very well against B i l l ,
Clinton. I just think he's what the country is looking for right
And, tlbased on interview~ with 'an array of supporters,
advisers and confidants, there ~eems little doubt but that Weld
is taking a very ha~d'look ata iWhite Hous~ run" (HERALD, 12/29) ..
nOW.,1I
A BOSTON GLOBE/KRC ,communicatioris research poll surveyed 400
voters 12/16-18. The poll found that, 61% feel that Weld ought to
serve out his term as governor ~hile 24% said he should seek
higher national office :'(12/30). :
.
DOLE: : Bob Dole, asked if :qe's running: "That decision'S in
the process: of being made, and ]I had a meeting as recently as
yesterday with ~6meof my political friends. So we haven't
forgotten about the election in!1996, but! think right now I
need to focus on what happens starting next Wednesday, January
4th; in the United States Senat~1I ("Face the ~ation,1I CBS, 1/1).
,
NEWSWEEK's
~Conventional
Wisdom ri gives
D~le'an
up-arrow: "Spears
Newt on book deal. Could void his Contract, too. The grownups
are back"(1/9 issue). U.S. NEWS' "Washington Whispers ll reports
that bole s~pPbrters in NH tlare!sounding out local colleges as to
whether they may be interested":in having him as a commencement
speaker (1/9 issue).
WILSON:. , Pete' Wilson, askeQ. whether he would like to be
. president: "I would like it at some point, but, you know, that's
PAGE
2
�PAGE
(c) 1995 The Hotline, January 3, 1995
something that may not come.
I have a job that I like verY'much"
("Late Edition," CNN, 1/1) .. WiJJsori'iecerit "~'"~c'i:l:rne.~5'uE'::.~;lh":;;fa'v6r
0t~eIl9~.rig·~'~t.~J!¢fif~t·~ V'f; action ':'hi ~ ~n~i"p'61i(ti .... ."il~:~ctlIlQofnia:·'·
stepp~ng ...squarely ,i.lnto what ...ls i.llkely .::to·be:::the·:;::b16odiest
P9>+.J..~:g.:~cal··'·'f ighf:'''O''f-::;I~:f§6':'-,r''-'-'<'':t'n''an 'inte'rview with the SACRAMENTO
BEE; "Wilson said he "supports changes II in the way.CA--"'b-··....;··r,.· .......,-..
deals .with
'141"affirmative! action. Wilson.. : n~~i~"~r;;ci~t}fJrJl~fi.t.lw.:~.~!;shc)'ula,::be"~'a-warding "
.'
,
.
.....- .......... :t:<:; ~':'l.~
.
,
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ei ti};~j<i~j§.£§;gi::,p.~. ~c~,s.:j~I21;~...~9~~s!H§l:.t.e..;~£?ch<?2l~1?,:~~~~?i]gpcrI:t;~:rac.i{!i()r
ge'ng~':(t~·:.b~ca:use·yoli'··re·~ ..'t:alking··;·:·~~;·out··.~~a·'·:qu6l:a~~sY'steiit;;:~%~MEt;,¥aOn! t
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Some "partisan political observers suggested that Wilson's new
attack on affirmative action is a political ploy intended to
im~:r.o:v:e l=f-i.='s=st:;,a':ffd~i~Ilg=among-Repu:b~i.ca-Fl:=;.e_0l'l:s.e·r.:v:at.:.i=ve s If be fore the
'96. pres. e+ection. CA Dem advi,ser' Bill Muiholland: "More and .
more we're ~eeing the real 'Pete ~ilson, a calculating political
animal. In.1994, he saw that PropOsition 187 was going to be the
!
hot issue, so he supported that.
Now, it'looks like affirmative
action will be the issue in 1996, so. here he 'is again. 11 CA
Assemblyman.Bernie Richter (R) iptroduced a constitutional
amendment last year that would h~ve banned. IIpreferential ..
.treatment" pn racial,' ethnic and! gender grounds by the state.
The measure died, but Richter ha:;i:;,,"a'lready~inf'roa:ucea~~J~:r'mew
ve:r;s,;iQP. ~L'i!!TJ..!..as . . ,.expect'ed,""""t-he4'l'new a vers ion1\Cgoes.i:'fin9wb~~g.1r:~some
C~,££U,§!.s;!.r-vatives-timay':l:1t·fY;·""t-i5·'<':get'""i:::hemmea'suret.!:on;:;:the7:''J!.:·96~bahl.ot~fas
a proposition (Wildermuth, S.F. CHRONICLE, 12/30).· S.F.
EXAMINER's Hull makes a predicti0n for Wilson' in '.95: "For much
of the year he will deny any.·. intE\:rest ,in running .for president ..
!
I
•
•
By year's·en,d, he will remain a leading contender, if not for
president, then most likely for the Republican vice-presidential
nomination (12/30). George Willi on Wilson'.s attacks on the·
fed. gov't: "He has given sharp focus to today's
counterrevolution against the disruption of constitutional
balance. His challenge kindlesrf1emories of earlier acts of
resistance, acts associated. with fnames such as Jefferson,
Madison, Jackson and Calhoun" (NEWSWEEK, 1/9 issue).
ll
I
CONVENTION ANGST: Queer Nation/San Diego co-founder Keith
Ramsey says he is "organizing a group called Protest: GOP '96" in
an effort td IIcoordinate demonstrations at the '96 GOP
convention. Ramsey s~id he lIanti~ipateslarge-sc~le protests" at
ll
the convention: IIWith the GOP's ~istorical opposition to women's
equali.ty, lesbian and gay civil rights, and freedom of. choice,.
3
�-:
(c~
PAGE
1995 The Hotline, January 3, 1995
I ·
and with the party's support for Proposition 187, .insensitivity
to environmental issues, and hawkish pro-war stances, the
possibilities for expressing_popular dissent against-Republican
poli~ies are virtually endless" i(price, W. TIMES, 12/28).
ODDSMAKERS: U.S: NEWS' "Washington Whispersu reports that
"sources at Ladbrokes, the British bookmakers, say that the odds
against Bill Cliriton's re-elect~on are the longest for any
incumbent since they began- accepting wagers on 'the race for the
White House in the LBJ era. n Bu!t at 5 ':'2, Clinton remains the
favorite. Other odds: Bob Dole at 5-1; Newt Gingrich, Lamar
- Alexander, Dick Cheney and Jack :Kemp are at 8-1; Colin Powell at
:
.
I
•
. '
12-1. Odds for Al Gore are 12-11 in the event that Clinton does
not run (1/9 issue).
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
4
�".
14TH ,STORY of L~vel 1 printed in FULL format:
PAGE
2
Copyright 1994 The, Washington Post
The Washington Post
,
,
,
December 15,1994, 'Thursday, Final Edition',
1
,SECTION: ,EDITORIAL,jPAGE A27
LENGTH: 829 words
HEADLINE:
SERIES: Occasional
BYLINE:
BODY:
Last week, whi
the president was promising to set sail for the political
center, his administration continued tacking leftward. His lawyers intervened in
two Supreme Court cases that involve what might, and should, be a burning issue
in 1996. This issue is: D0=we-wa:nt-GGJ;G,:t;bl:i:nd-=g,0y~e~Rmen,t.-G~ t;.,9da¥-.!..s-r,p.cial
sp,Q.:i-1s:::::s¥s,t em?
'
!
Clinton's lawyers filed a brief in defense of a law giv.ing~Q~ef~r~nce, in the
awarding of contracts, to certain government-approved minoritie~is lawyers
also joined those who want to continue a court-ordered program in Kansas City,
ostensibly about "desegregation,i" that in 10 years has cost Mis'souri $ 1.3
billion.
In the first case, Clinton's ;lawyers are defending a law that gives
contractors 'substantial bonusesifor subcontracting at least 10 percent of any"~"'.,,,,
contract to "disadvantaged" busipesses. A Colorado contractor, rejecting the
lowest subcontracting bid on a highway guardrail, gave the contract to a
Hispanic-owned firm and receive~ from the U.S Department of Transportation a $
30, 000 "bonus. 11 The low bldder s~ays the law licenses, racial discrimination
against him.
' , , "
, "
"
There has been no showing'of ;Past discrimination in Colorado's highway
construction trade. However,und;er the 'challenged law, certain groups (blacks,
Hispanics, Asian Americans and N;ative Americans) are presumed to be
disadvantaged, regardless of theiir personal histories or current affluence.
In"C~ans~C'rt;iy, Clinton's law,yers want to continue, perhaps forever,
government by judiciary. That be'gan in 1984, when a federal judge started
ordering what he called remedies for pa~t discrimination in schools.
I
'
He has ordered, among much el!se, a $ 32 million "dual theme" magnet school
for computer and classical Greek education, containing magnificent computers and
a field house with an indoor track, a weight room, handball courts and an
Olympic-size pool. The judge ha~ also decreed an agricultural school with live
animals and a greenhouse. And a :technical vocational school featuring lasers, ,
optics and robotics. ',And field trips around this country and to foreign
couritries, financed by court-ordered "desegregation" funding.
,
.
t
The, u. S. Constitution guaran~ees to every state "a republican form of
government," meaning government 'by elected representatives.' Kansas City may
,
I
... '
,
�'.
.' '1
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3
The Washington Post, December 15, 1994
i '
well wonder what happened to tha:t guarantee.
Today Missouri spends almo~t'~Opercent of its education budget on9 percent
of its stud~nts,' in Kansas City iand St. Louis (which also is under court
control). Per pupil spending in ,Kansas City is $ 13,500, compared with $ 7,500
in the most affluent of suburban districts. The judge has assigned children to
schools by race and decreed clas,s sizes, and Clinton's lawyers support his
desire to cbntinue because th~ district's test scores are "at or below national
norms."
As this is .written, Clinton i~ preparing to address the nation about his core
convictions, just as soon as he and advisers- decid'e( what they are. "What should
I be saying?" he recently asked ~ confidant who (this peculi~r "confidant"
.
evidently blabbed to the Los Ang¢les Times) replied: UNothing; :(ou've talked
enough . 'Give the people a break. : Give us all a break and let us trim' the
Christmas tree;s and get through the holidays before you say· anything else~"
Sound advice. However, a president speaks constantly through the actions of
his administration. So, people w9nder what Clinton believes in? The answer is .
provided by his administration's' actions in·the Colorado ~ndK~nsas City cases,
and many other related actions. He believes in a racial and ethnic and sexual
spoils system, administered in the name of group rights and "diversity." So much
for Clinton's "centrism."
I
This spoils system deserves to be the central issue in 1996. California may
make it that. As Proposition'187 demonstrated this year regarding immigration,
California can shape the nation's political conversation. And in 1996 the
.
following proposed amendment to 9alifornia's constitution probably will be on
the state's ballot:
'
"Neither the state of California nor any of its political subdivisions or
agents shall use race, sex, color, ethnicity or national origin as a criterion
for either discriminating against, or. granting preferential treatment to, any
individual or, group in the operation of the state's system of publ~c employment,
public educatibn 6r public contricting."
'
.
'
'Pre'sidential candidates will be' drawn into the debate about this. Indeed,
the;re might be, . and ~hould be, a;similar'''colorblindness'' amendment. to the U.S.
Constit~tion put forward by then:
.
Speaking about the case of the Colorado contractor, Rep. Kweisi Mfume
(D-Md.), head of the Congressional Black Caucus, defends a 10 percent set-aside
for minorities this way: "What the flip of that is, is that it's establishing,.
in the proce'ss, a 90 percent set·..:. aside' for white males." The 1996 election
should be a ·referendum on whether Americans, white or black, want to live in an
America run like that.
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
LOAD-DATE-MDC: December 15, 1994
i
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~evel
16TH STORY of
4
1 printed in FULL format.
Copyright 1994 The Times Mirror Company
Los Angeles Times
December 7, :).994, Wednesday, Home'Edition
SECTION: Part A; Page 23; Columlil 2; Metro Desk
LENGTH: 472 words
HEADLINE: SACRAMENTO FILE:
INDUSTRY
5,MEASURESCALL FOR A PANEL TO REGULATE GAMBLING
I
BYLINE: By'Jerry Gillam, Times Staff Writer
I'
BODY:
A new state commission to, regulate California's rapidly growing gambling
industry would be establishedu;nder' five separate measures introduced on the'
opening day of the 1995-96 leg~slative ,ses~ion.
,
'
The author of one of the bills, SB 5, Sen:. Tom Hayden (D~Santa Monica), said
gambling interests have spent $,5.3 million on campaign contributions and
lobbying activities in Sacramento since 1990.
'
For that reason, Hayden saiq his proposal ,includes fund-raising prohibitions,
limits on initiative contributions, and other conflict-of-interestprovisions to
guarantee that the commission can remain independent of the gambling industry.
,
,
I '
'
"
'
Three of the five commissio~ers would be appointed by the governor, and one
each by the Speaker of the Ass~mbly and the Senate Rules Committee.
Other gambling,regulatory m~asures were introduced by Sen. Quentin, Kopp
(I-San Francisco), Sen. Ken Maddy (R-Fresno), Assemblyman Phillip Isenberg
(D-Sacramento) , and Assemblyman! Curtis Tucke'r' Jr. (D- Inglewood) .
j
. "
1
ASSEMBLy
,
,
Bill Introductions
I
*
.
, "
None of the Above:' AB 17 py Assemblywoman Jackie Speier (D-Burlingame)
would add a "n9ne' of the above!' category ,on the general election ballot for
statewide and legislativeoffipes.
* Paddling: AB 7 by Assemblyman Mickey Conroy (R~Orange) Galls for paddling
as a punishment for minors wh~ are convicted of graffiti crimes .
.J- * ~rmati:ve=A'C~:,
ACA 2; by Assemblyman Bernie Richter (R-Chico) would
prohibit It::-he-st'aee~and its pol,itical subdivisions from using race, sex, color,
ethnicityor national origin a;s criteria for discriminating against or
granting preferential treatment to any individual or group in public in: the
areas of public employment, education or contracting.
I
* English Only: AB 24 by Assemblyman Richard Mountjoy ,(R-Arcadia) would
require the state,and itspol~tical subdivisions to take steps to preserve,
protect and enhance the role of the ,English language as the official language of
the state.
,I
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I
5
.'.Los Angeles Times, December 7, '1994,
!
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SENATE
i
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Bill Iniroductions
.
,
;
"
,',
'
'
".".
",.'
-
* Parl'iamentary Government: SCA 1 by Sen .. Alfred Alquist (D-Santa· Clara)
would create a parliamentary form of state government with a 120-member,'
. single-house legislature that wbuld .elect the governor. . '
"
,
.
..
.:
". i
..
.. .
. . * Term Limits: BB 2 by Sen. ,(Quentin Kopp (I-San Francisco), upon approval by
voters, would impose term limit!:; on lo'calelected. officials.
,
.'
l
........,
*'Drive-'by Shootings: SB 9 by Sen. Ruben Ay'ala (D-Chino) would,make those
convicted of first'-degree murder committed in a drive-by shooting subject to the
. death pena~ty or life imprisonment without possibility of parole.
,
.
'.
'
/'
.
'.'
.
* State Budget :SCA 2 by Senl., Quentin Kopp (I-San Francisco) . would require a
simple majority vote 'instead ofl a two-thirdsrnajority vote to pass the state
. budget, .and forfeitur~' of legis~lati ve pay for each day the budget is not adopted
after the June 15 constitutiona~ deadline ..
.I· .
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LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
LOAD-DATE-MDC: December 8, 19941
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LEVEL 1 - 18 OF 29 STORIES
,"
Copyright 1994 The Houston Chronic
Publishing Company
The Houston Chronicle
February 13,: 1994, Sunday, 2 STAR Edition
SECTION: C;" Pg .. 8
LENGTH: 636 words
HEADLINE:
i
lot initiative in 9alifornia seeks to outl"aw racial quotas
BYLINE: THOMAS D. ELIAS; Scripps Howard News Service
DATELINE: LOS ANGELES
BODY:·
LOS ANGELES
A new polit
ethnic quotas may break out in
war over affirmat
action and'
,~alifornia.
A small group of anti quota activists fired the first round
last month, submitting the text of a proposed ballot initiative to
:~ state attorney general for ~ertification.
The potentially precedent-se~ting measure would ban use of
race, sex, color, ethnicity and national ori~in in public
em~loyment, contracting and edu~ation.
II IIThis initiative is designe,d to make sure we have a
color-blind society with indivi~ual right~ rather than group
entitlements,"
says Glynn Cus
, a professor of anthropology
the Hayward campus of the California State University and the
measure's chief author.
11 "Things
have become absurd lin th~ national university
system,"
adds Custred, who hopes to. quality his in iative
California's March 1996 presidential primary ballot.
""The system
being bent out of shape by what comes under the general rubric
of political correctness. f'
Custred's planned proposition is in part a backlash aga
't a
California legislative bill wh~ch would mandate that graduating
classes at public un'iyersities'<reflect the ethnic composition of
the state's populace. That pr~posal has passed the 1
slature
twice, only to be vetoed by Go~. Pete wilson.
To get the anti-affirmative action proposition on the ballot,
the sponsors, formally called the California Civil Rights
"'itiat
,must gather 616,doq voter signatures. Custred is now
lrching
a petition~circu]ating firm to drum up signatures
...-.::xt year.'
46
�The cause has already been adopted by prominent national
ives like Pat Buchanan~ William Buckley and William
~~sh~r, who believe that if thei measure were to succeed in
California it would likely be :adopted in other states as well .
. i
. I
.
.
�.
PAGE
The Houston Chronicle, February 13, 1994
I
Even thoughCustred and the few activists now helping him are
delighted to have support from the political right, they insist
their proposition is completely non-partisan.
II"We're trying our best to g~t the left involved, too," the
initiative author declares.
ri"~e've b~en trying to make contact
with the Democratic Leadership Council and we don't care a bit
,about any political 'implications this might have. "
,
Custred said one of his major worries is that ""wG,.Qri'kt' we/At
to be known as a conservative pet. We really want to make mainline
Democrats our allies. MYrpr6Dle~in a way, is that conservatives
have picked up on this. Bl1t-r'-g also IjfKe~ROss Perot's United We
1;;,"', '
if
Starid people to come aboard. " 1
But he says the conservative campaign consulting firm of
Butcher, Forde will soori begin,~aising money' for the expected
campaign.
Custred,' in fact, says he sees his cause as ""a liberal
i_ssue:.-- ~~~~.Ili ver_siTiesto the very he~t" studeIJ,t:~no
"'e~t'e'~Yiae tnelr 'JSacKgr,o)..u jd. " ~
·1
i
-----
"./Even though Asian-Americans rtow make up l11~e .t~h~3:s.:;p,e,r.G.ent:1
the student body at the largest and most popular campuses of the
University
California
Berkeley and Los Angeles -- some' Asian
activists Cqnt.end ,they aresubjec~< to an unofficl"aI' quoe-a~i~n
universi ty~dmissions .
I
' .• "1V~'
,
of
c',
I'
I
""We have suspected this for'a long time, I ' says Stewart
Kwoh, director of the Asi,an.::.P-aG-i-f-iG'-Ame-r-;j,.ca.:r:l-bega-l-eent::eT~n Los
Ange I e s . Bu C-Kws:>n~C?,t.J~,-e.c:oJTle"':"a-publi,c_suppor..t;,e,r-0.f-t-li~ CCRI
proposition,' ~~f<3tl1er ,:promirrent-l\":~s.
Custred, however,
lieves the notion of color blind hiring,
college admissiorts and building contract awards is ""the only
p~inciple that could work in a ~iverse s6ciety like we have now.
""Martin Luther King said he 'dreamed that one day his
would be judged by the-conduct of their character and not
.the color of their skin. That'~ what we want, too. "
~hildren
I
He firmly denies any suggestion that his
considered racist.
T,Z\NGUAGE: ENGLISH
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tiative might be
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44
17 OF 29 STORIES
19~4
Denver Pu~lishing Company
Rocky Mountaln News
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M~rch 6,
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1994,Sunday
I
SECTION f NE~\fS/NATIONAL/INTERNA~IONAL i Ed. B; Pg. 18A
LENGTH: 494 words
HEADLINE~
California ballot initiative would outlaw quotas
Group plans proposal to make p~blic schools~ employment 'color blind'
BYLINE: Thomas·D. Elias;
Scrip~s
Howard News Service
DATELINE: LOS ANGELES
BODY:
A new p~li~ical war over af~irmativeactionand ethnic quotas may br~ak out
in California.
I
A small group of anti-quota'activists fired the first round last month,
~~bmitting the text ofa propo~ed ballot initiative ,to the state attorney
~eral for certification.
The potentially precedent setting measure would ban use of race,
~ex,
color,
ethnicityand national origin in public employment, contracting and education.
"This in~tiative is design~d to make sure we have a color-blind society
with
individual rights rather thari ~roup ~ntitl~ments,"
says Glynn Custred, a
professor of anthropology at the Hayward campus of the California State
University and the measure's chief author~
"Things have become absurd, in the national university system;"
adds
Custred
his initiative for Californiais March 1996 presidential
, who hopes to quali
primary ballot. "The system i~ being bent out of shape by what comes under the
general rubric of political correctness."
Custred's planned· propositi?n is in
a backlash against a Californi~
legislative bill that would mahdate that graduating classes at public
universities reflect the ethni~ compositionof'the state's populace. That
proposal has passed the legisl~ture twice, orily to be vetoed by Gov .. Pete
Wilson.
.
To get ,the anti affirmative: action proposition on the ballot, the sponsors,
nally called the California' Civil Rights Initiative, must gather 616, 000
�·~:~ter
. :
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signatures. Custred is searching for a petition-circulating firm to drum·
next year.
::~slgnatures
The cause has already been adbpted by prominent national conservati~es.such
as Pat Buchanan, William F. Bu6kley and William Rusher, who believe that if the.
measure succeeds in California ,it
well.
likely to be adopted in other states as
Even though Custredand the ifew activist~ helping him are delighted to have
support
the political right. they insist their proposition is non
,
:.
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Rocky Mountain News, March 6, 1994
-partisan.
"We're trying our best to g~t the left involved, too,"
the initiative
author declares. "We've been trying to make contact with the Democratic
Leadership Council and we don't! care ~ bit about any political implications
this
might have."
Custred .says he actually seep his cause as·' a li~1'Era-r-lssi!.le. It will open
the universities to the very best students, no matterwh"'cft en'eir background."
I
LANGUAGE: English
LOAD DATE-MDC: April 2, 1994
45
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3
LEVEL 1 - 2 OF 29 STORIES
Copyright
199~ McClatchy
Newspapers, Inc.
Sacramento Bee
Novemb~r 17, 1994" METRO FINAL
SECTION: MAIN NEWS; Pg. A3
LENGTH: 947 words
HEADLINE: ANOTHER ltJEDGE ISSUE LbOMING
BYLINE: Dan Walters
BODY:
Political practitioners call' them "wedge issues" and the name says it 'all:
concerns that have. the emotional impact to define politicians 'and motivate -
some would say divide -~ voter~.
Abortion is a wedge issue; so is capital punishment. Gun control can be a
potent political icon. And in their heyday, Proposition 13 and the issue of tax
i
.'"'·''.~s
could make or breakpbli t~cians.
'"j
,,',/' Illegal immigration emerged ,this year as a driving and divisive political
issue, capsulated in Proposition 187, which was overwhelmingly approved by
voters and will, if upheld by ~he courts, deny public health and educational
benefits to undocumented immigrants~
I
,
The firestorm in Californ
:over Proposition 187 exploded into the national
political arena as major political figures, including President Clinton, and
major broadcasting and print m~dia joined the debate. The fact that Gov. Pete
Wilson rode illegal immigratio~, as well as crime, into a landslide re election
attests to its
potency.
Illegal immigration continues to reverberate and will, one suspects, playa
role in the 1996 presidenti
~lections, s
Clinton -- who strenuously
opposed Proposition 187 -- will be campaigning for a second term among
California voters who ~trongly:supported it; and since one of the major
Republican hopefuls, Jack Kemp, also denounced it.
.
i
It cou~d, however, be'joined by an even more explosive cultural/polit
1
fragmentation grenade: affirma):ive action, the highly ~ontentious policy that's
become ingrained in public and: private hiring, college admissions, contract
bidding and other transactions by which soc ty's benefits are distributed.
Those who benefit from it
ethnic minorities, womeri, the disabled, etc.
�"
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I
p~e it as' correcting ? tiltaga~nst them; But there is a rising backlash
,
,
.-'::inst
'
i.lirmati ve action from' white mkl~s and others who see it as reverse
discrimination, of attempting tb correct social maladies, real and contrived,
by
I
stacking the competitive. rules ag9-inst them.
I
There is, meanwhile, a ragin~ argumenta~ong ~ociologists, journalists,
political scientists, radio talk show hosts and others who debate such things,
whether affirmative·actiori workk, whether it's just and whether it exacerbates
the stratification and tribalization of American society. The current vehicle
for that debate is a new book, 'I" The Bell Curve," WhlCh' examlnes the role of
.
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Bee, November 17, 1994
human intelligence in social deyelopment and postulates the theory that much of
intelligence is genetic.
It is', in short, the wedge iksueoto top all wedge issues and it's likely to
show up on the Califorriia ballot in- 1996 as "The California Civil Rights
Initiative,
which would outlaw affirmative action by barring the use of
ethnicity or gender "as a criterion for either discriminating against, or
granting preferential treatment: to, any individual or group.
"
II
The measure h~s been kicking: around political circles fora couple of y~ars.
Assemblyman Bernie Richter ~thico, introdu£ed_ i,~_' in the Legislature tliis year
and touched
off~Dlcter
~
debate that _enaea-Wnen-Democrats KY]led it.
--0-__
_
/
,_-_-_~,
Republicans now appe~r to ha~e enough seats to control the Assembly, and
Richter is ,certain to returnwi~h a new bill that will get a more favorable
hearing. In the meantime, the sponsors of the measure -- a coalition of
academics, libertarians and Jews, who have for years opposed affirmative action
n~09rams
I
,
-- are putting togeth~t a new initiative drive, saying it's needed to
- :j=ate a "colorblind society." And they are drawing the interest of Republican
., ':~derswho see it as having the same kind of divisive, definitiohal and/or
'-motivational effects as Proposition 187 -- only more so.
:
'
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Stay tuned for more developments.
DAN WALTERS' column appears daily, except Saturday. Write him at P.O.
95852, or call (916) 321-1195.
15779, $acramento,
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
LOAD-DATE-MDC: November 18,
199~
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LEVEL 1 - 23 OF 29 STORIES
Copyright 1994 The Hearst Corporation
The ~an Francisco Examiner
,
,
February 3, 1994, Thursday; Fourth Edition
SECTION: NEWS; Pg. A-i7
LENGTH: 1060 words
HEADLINE: The quota busters fro:m Berkeley
!
COLUMN: PATRICK J. BUCHANAN
BYLINE: PATRICK J. BUCHANAN
DATELINE: WASHINGTON
BODY:
IN NOVEMBER 1916, Republican candidate Charles Evans Hughes, confident his
commanding lead in the Electorch College' guaranteed victory over 'Woodrow
I
T~·,l.son,
~t to bed early,
telling aidds he did not wish to be disturbed.
After California's returns'lwere wired east, however, a small troop of
reporters approached the candidate's suite, for comment.
I
I
,liThe
,
sident has retired :for the night!" an aide responded.
IIWell, when he wakes up," one reporter cracked,
president
anymore. 11
I1tellhim he isn't
Eighty
later, the Golden State is more cruc 1 than ever, with 54
electoral votes, a fifth of th~se needed to win. And no one is more cognizant
of
C a l i ' s political weight rlhari Bill Clinton, first Democrat iri 28 years to
carry the state. Given his weakness in the South,
inton must have California
to win
I
But if
Goldwater
GOP can take, ba~k California, it is 4alfway home. As Barry
to say, it is as simple as that.
But retak
defeated
California wiil not be easy because
in '92, it was gemolished, with just 31
To
.
"
GOP was not just
rcent of the vote:
I
back California, the party must win back the Perot vote, that vast
~ss constituency, alienated and popUlist, that f
t itself abandoned
I
Beltway.
'
�/~!o,.
,
i~ casting about fo~ a pop~list 'i~sue to reunite
',.,:/ old coalition and to slice IBill Clinton's ne~ c6alition asunder, that issue
:' .Lj To the point: If the GOP
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is at hand'.
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The "California . Civil ' Righds Initiative" will be on the ballot in '96 if
.
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backers can g~ther 616,000 sig9atures.
What dbes the init~ative dd?- It a~ends the state Constitution to read:
"Neither the sta.te
Californ~a nor any of itspolit
subdivisions, shall
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F~bruary
The San Francisco Examiner,
62
3, 1994
use race, sex', color, ethnicityi or national origin as a criterion either for
discriminating against, or gran~ing preferential treatment to, any individual
or
group in the operation of the s~ate's system of public employment, public
education or public contracting~. II
The initiative is a quota buster.
IINo more government hiring by sex or skin tone, il says the Orange County
Register. IINo racial quotas in 1.miversi ty admissions. No more awards of publ ic
contracts on the basis of race ~ather than merit. No more dividing people up by
I
!
groups rather than honoring them as individuals. II
If the initiative should win in California, like the tax-cutting and
teim-limit propositions that ca~e out of the West, it would sweep the nation.
I
'Among the absurdities that kmpelled Bay Area scholar Glynn Custred to write
the initiative is an annual bill introduced in Sacramento that would mandate
that the graduating class of every state college reflect California's ethnic"
....mposition.
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Politically, the initiative~s appeal is obVious. A 1988 California field
poll found 75 percent of voters' opposed to racial preferences, including
majorities in every single ethnic group.
,
,
Not only would the initiati~e reunite the old Reagan coalition, it ,would
attract Jewish voters with memoties of what quotas meant to their parents, and
Asian voters whose kids are victimized because they work too hard and succeed
too often.
Clinton would be forced to bhoose between the wing of his party that still
believes in judging men on their merits, not their color, and the part that
embraces quotas as a necessary instrument of equality. On an issue of vital
interest to each, Clinton would have to choose between his New Democrat
constituency or Jesse ·Jackson a~d the NAACP.
I
As '96is the year term lim~ts take effect in California,
forcing Democrats
to take sides on the initiative could devastate the party.
Custred & Co. had hoped to have the initiative on the ballot by 1994, but
they are shooting for the, winnet-take-all presidential primary that has been
moved up to March 1996.
!
Meanwhile, Republicans in the 22 other states with ballot initiatives ought
be looking to put racial quotas to a popular vote; and the national GOP
.ouldwrite a version of the initiative into the 1996 party platform.
�~~ This matter is more crucialj than politics, or California in
'96, or even
~?
presi~ency. It is about whether'America is g6ing to remain one country, or
whether there is a Bosnia in our future. From the rae
resentments and ethnic
I
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hatreds aired daily on radio
Balkanizatiori.
an~
TV, ,it is clear America is headed toward
The initiative would ring dbwn the curtain ori race-based and gender -based
entitlements. Rooted
the grahd idea that enabled our immigrant ancestors to
come together to build this nation, it provides common ground upon which
,
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63
The San Franc~scoExamirier, February 3, 1994
I
blacks, Asians, whites arid Hispknics 'can stand together, to "grow" that nation,
.
i
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the common ,ground that success here depends not on who your parents were, but
on
who' you are.
.,
Patrick J.Buchanan is a syndicated columnist.
LANGUAGE: English
LOAD-DATE-MDC: February 05,
199~
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LEVEL 1 - 25 OF 29 STORIES
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Hbu~ton Chronicle Publishing Company
Copyright 1994
Th~ Houston Chronicle
,
January 17,: 1994, Monday, 2 STAR Edition
SECTION: B i. Opinion i Pg. 7
LENGTH: 747 words
HEADLINE: Civil rights propositd.on could stop discrimination against all
Americans
.
.
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BYLINE: WILLIAM F. BUCKLEY JR. '
BODY:
CLOSE your eyes, please, and think back to the situation 30
years ago Jif you are over 30; if not, kindly use your
imagination).
There is a huge ~ight going on in Congress over a
civil rights bill sponsored by ;Sen. Hubert Humphrey.
wants to
declare it a violation of feder.al. law to discrin:linate against
American citizens simply becaus~e of their color .
. "'"'-'
i
, .)on the 0cher side of the ais~e, Sen. Barry Goldwater is
. £-~·6testing the bill. He says very convincingly that he abhors
racial discrimination (he did n;ot permit it when he was involved in
the Goldwater merchandising enterprise), but that. it is nowhere
written in the Constitution th~t if Sam Legree has a fried chicken
restaurant, he can be required;to take.in customers he doesn't want
to take
,
The Goldwater opposition wa~ strong: It had all of the solid
South, segregationi~t for 100 ~ears, on his side, and not a few
strict constitutional construcdionists.
The debate b~tween the Humphrey forces and the Goldwater
forces goes on, and Goldwater Charges that, as written; ·the
proposed civil rights act might be used prejudicially against
non-black citizens. Humphrey insists that nothing of the sort will
ever grow ~ut of his act, but ~e consents slightly td alter the
language, so that now it reads:!
.
,
i
Anything wrong with that?
t
""Neither the [United State~I government] nor any of
s
, .
political subdivisions or agen~s shall use race, sex, color,
ethnicity or national origin. as·a criterion
either
discriminating against, or granting preferent 1 treatment to, any
individual or group in the operation of the state's system
public employment, public education or public contracting. "
67
�1-
. -.Fast-forward to 1994.
If H~bert Humphrey were here, he'd say,
:::~{} there is nothing at all wrong with that language.
But replace
<:he United States government'i' above with "lithe state of
California"
and you have what !two academics have proposed as an
amendment to the California Constitution.
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The Houston:Chronicle, January,17, 1994
When a constitution~i initiadive is pro~osed in California,
'it goes first to the attorney g~neral. H~ then refers it to a
'''''policy analyst"
and issues,a!lIl1summary of the chief purpose and
points of the proposed measure. !~,
'
Having done this, the attorney general advised that if this
measure is ~assed, it will result in the elimination of affirmative
action programs costing IIl1tens 0f millions of dollars annually,"
and also student assistant programs based on race, costing "'tabout
$ 50 million annu~lly. , , '
,
He estimates the money that ~ould be freed up to use in
nondiscriminatory aid to education at $ 120 million or more.
I
'
are two problems, one ~fthem for civil rights
believers of the Humphrey school.' Theirs is to raise the money
needed to secure the 616,000 si4natures to put the initiative on
the ballot in November.
Conservative resources were greatly
depleted by the attempt to prom~lgate the school voucher system
- last year, and many activists were demoralized by that initiative's
failure.
The problem for today's libe~als is that although most
are formally opposed to di$crimination against people even if
are white and male, there is an activist minority to cope with.
I
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The polls show that more tha~ 70 percent of the people
nationwide oppose discriminatio~.
But there is a heavy vote in
California-- blacks and Hispanics in particular -- who, as we can
see from the policy analysis ab6ve, have preferential treatment
from the act
sed in 1964 and its successor acts.
The California liberal legislator faces the quite hideous
problem of having either to a} back the California Civil Rights
Initiative, affirming oppositio~ to discriminationj or b} oppose it
in order to appease ethnic m~norities.
,
I
..
Now who would want to force ,~iber~l California politicians to
speak out of Dnly orie side of their mouth? The sponsors of this
initiative and, presumably, alII the Republicans and the Humphrey
Democrats who believe that current practices are a mutation of what
was intended 30 years ago when the great civil rights bill was
sed.
s who have looked at the initiative predict that if the
money is
sed to plant it before the voters in November, a
revolution will have been effected as resonant as Proposition 13,
which mobilized the voters agaipst runaway taxation.
i
,If the California initiative' is passed, meaning will once
'Jain be transfused into legisl ive efforts'to eliminate
68
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50
20 OF 29 STORIES
Copyright ~994
Hearst Corporation
The,, San Francisco Examiner
February 9, 1994, Wednesday; Fourth'Edition
SECTION: NEWS; Pg .. A-18
LENGTH: 1520 words
HEADLINE: Wayward investigativtbef
in figure skating assault
COLUMN: LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
GOP racial strategy
Just when I
thought~at
I
Buthanan was beginning to think sensibly, he had to
!
spoil it by backing the CalifOl!nia Civil Rights Ini t.iative, the anti' -quota
bill
backers hope to put on the Iballot in 1996 (II
quota busters from
1 ey, II Op -·Ed , Feb. 3).
i
Buchanan wants to revive the old Nixon st
I
of pitting the white middle
class against racial minorities l , hoping to split up the Democrats and ensure a
Republican win by forcing Clint;on to choose between his "new Democrat
constituency or Jesse Jackson and the NAACP. II With Louis Farrakhan and his ilk
spoutirig racism, we don't need I~ revival of the old Nixon tactics.to rile up
the
minorities o~ce again.
It's one thing to be compet~nt and complain' that someone incompetent took a l
job you were qualified for merei y because he bel
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had
special priv~leges. It's a totally
f
competent minority member a job: because of the color
religious
rence.
Buchanan consistently
and racism. If
cross~s
,
to a racial minority that
matter to deny a
skin or his
that line between honorable racial compromise
would support: job creation and expanding the American economy
I
to provide .enough jobs for both; the white middle class and minorities, he would
I
be making a
f
R("'\bert Prentiss
. Francisco
instead 0f merely exacerbating the problem.
�.....;- ....
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·:\ffirm~tive action· program ,rights past racial wrongs
..:.-/
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Patrick Buchanan's condemna;tion of the " California Civil Rights In! tiati ve"
(Opinion, Feb. 1) is just anobher racist smoke screen for Buchanan's bigotry.
This is the man who, during th~ last primary campaigns, labeled Adolf Hitler a
"courageous" person.
.
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As a black woman, I can testify that ~ost people of color I c6me in contact
with support affirmative actioh plans, goals, tablei and set~aside programs to
right past racial wrongs.
We have always had affirmat~ve ~ction in this country.
Until the 196Gs and
President Kennedy's brave acti9ns, affirmative action meant giving·a white male
the job. PEGGY M. SPATES JOHNSON Chula Vista
I
So much for Ollie North, h60 about the Robb scandal?
Now that former Democratic tongressman Lionel Van.Deerlin has had his day
with Ollie North (Opi~i6n, Jan1 28), one can assume he will devote equal time
to
an unbiased commentary on Nort~'s opponent (Virginia's U.S. senatorial
election), incumbent Democrati~ Sen. Charles Robb, about whose "charges of
personal scandal i • Van Deerlin ~llotted an entire sentence without elaboration.
·,":,p.~EK QUACKENBUSH Valley Center
.
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8
LEVEL 1 - 4 OF 29 STORIES
Copyright
19~4 Denver Publishing
~ocky Mountain News
No~ember
Company
6, 1994, Sunday
SECTION: EDITORIALi Ed. Pi .Pg. :103A
LENGTH: 1014 word·s
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HEADLINE: Courts retreat on racial remedies
BYLINE: George F. Willi Washington Post Writers Group
,
BODY:
In this season 6f sulphu~ou~ politics, with people doubting the ability of
government institutions to produce social progress, something sensible has
happened. Acting on beha:If of c\. Maryland Hispanic with the unlikely name
Daniel Podberesky, a federal appeals court has unanimously declared
unconstitutional a scholarshipiprogram that restricts eligibility to students
of
a particular race.
:"'''',
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jPodbere'sky sailed through ht g ? school with a 4.0 average and scored 1,340 on
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his SATs but was denied the right to compete for a BannekerScholarship at the
University of Maryland. The Banneker program, comparable to programs at
two-thirds of America's colleg~s and universities, awards about 30 scholarships
!
to African-Arne
cans.
i
In overruling a lower courtrs approval of the program, the appeals court
declared the program a violation of the 14
Amendment guarantee of equal
protection of the laws, and of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. The appeals court
r~jected the university's claifu that the program was justified by rectifying
four present effects of past d~scrimination by
university.
I
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The university says the four effects include the university's poor
reputation
I
among African-Americans, the underrepresentation of African- Arne cans in the
student population, low retent~on and graduation rates of African-American
student.s, 'and a campus atmosphi=re "perceived
being hostile to
African-American students."
Tpe lower court said any of these four would
justify the Banneker program. :
the four does, has set standards
The appeals court, .by saying that none
I
so
exacting that few if any schol~rship programs exclusively for a particular
Y-~ial or ethnic group will be. constitutional.
I
�-- The app~als court said that ~ace-based government actions are constitutional
>':."'\
.~ if th~re is strong evidenc~that the actions are truly remedial, meaning
narrowly targeted only at effec~s of past discriminatioh. The court warned
that
'
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if the lingering effects of pas~ discrimination are not of sufficient magnitude
,
I
to justify race-conscious actions, such actions might be motivated by "simple
racial politics"
or "notions of racial inferiority.
"
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The court said that if mere knowledge
past discrimination by an
institution produces a poor rep~tation of the institution among minorities, and
I
if that justifies race-based prbferences, such preferences will be justified as
long as' there are history booksl' Furthermore,
current social
imate,
�PAGE
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Roc k y Mountaln News, November 6, 1994
irrespective
past discrimin~tion by t
university, is a sufficient
explanation of a poor racial a~mosphere on campus. And
underrepresentation
and low retention and graduatiqn rates of African- American students also can
be
!
explained by social factors otHer than past offenses by the un
ity.
The fact that African-Amerida'ns from outsid~Maryland
indeed, blacks from
outside the United States - ar~· eligible for Banneker scholarships suggests
that
'
the program's rationale' is not ,just remedying past discrimination. Rather, the
program aims to produce "diversity." That may be a legitimate university
goal,
:
,but it cannot be legitimately pursued by rac
ly exclusive programs. Neither
does a university's desire to Have "role models"
and "mentors"
for'
African-American students make
ially exclusive programs constitutional.
This ruli~g comes th;ee m~n~hs after a federal judge declared
unconstitutional the University of Texas Law School policy of maintaining
separate admissions programs fdr whites and minorities. Such rulings suggest
that courts are prudently retr~ating from permissiveness regardihg,' 'race
•
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~~nSClOUS"
government program~. '
.. .-;
,~However, this course correc~ion by the judiciary may be coming too late to
stall more forceful and comprehensive measures. In 1996 the country may
again be swept up ina Califorriia controversy.
"
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Today California's propositi~h 187, the ballot initiative that would deny
most non-emergency state services to illegal immigrants, demonstrates the power
I
of Californians to pull the oth!er seven-eighths of Americans into an argument.
Two years from now an even morel furious debate probably will rage around the
California Civil Rights Initiat~ve, ~hich would allow California voters to make
the following into law:
, 'Neither
state of
ifornia nor any of its political subdivisions or
agents shall use race, sex, col~r, ethnicity or national origin as a criterion
for e her discriminating agairist, or granting pref~rential treatment to, any
individual or group in the operat
of the state's system of public
employment ~ .
,
ptiblic education or public cont~acting."
continent-wide, reverbera:tions of this debate could lead to a similar
amendment to the U.S. Constitut~on, mandating color-blind public policy.'
Some p~ople will say that su~h an amendm~nt, and the California initiative,
;::>"'d the, decision against the Ba:nneker program represent retreats from
rogress."
But as C.S. Lewi~ said, "We all want progress, but if you're on
�the wrong road, progress means ~oing an about-turn and w~lking back to the
~t
.~~; in that case, the man whot turns back soonest is the most progressive~"
!
Lru~GUAGE: English
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Novembe~
8, 1994:
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1·- 26 OF 29 STORIES
19~4
The Denver Post Corporation
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1ST
TION
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ON: PERSPECTIVE; . Pg. ,F OS
LENGTH: 815 words
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HEADLINE': I Dr. King's ,dream didn't include quotas
INE: Tom Tancredo, Special Ito The Denver Post
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BODY:
The Rev. Martin Luther Kin~, Jr. said, III have a'dream that my four lit e,
ldren will one day I
inla nation where'they,will not be judged by the
color of their ,skin but" hy theI content of their char~cter.1I
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These .words have igni
the flames of freedom in countless souls. Over the
I
" however, the che shed IgOal of a color-blind society, which was so
e+oquently described by King, [haS been sacrificed on the altar of politic
ency.
During the Kennedy and Jo~nson administrations, executive orders were
issued!'.
to require federal contractor~ to' maintain nondiscriminatory employment
tices. Following the visidn of King's speech,
actual language of the
orders plainly prohibited disdrimination that ei
favored or disfavore'd, any
one individ~al or gro~p on th~ basis of race..
'
But the altruist
empti to assure equal treatment was soori ·reshaped and
adulte~ated by ideologues. In1the lat~ 1960s,
ter the passa~e of, the 1964
Civil Rights Act, the emphasi~, began to shifrom equality of opportunity to
ity of'results, and fromlindividual rights to group rights. Reverse'
scrimination - or, 'as it is euphemistically called, lIaffirmative-action,"
found its! way onto t
Americ~n polltical landscape. Americans soon divided
into
I
,
!,
twocamps~ those who c6uld, la~f~lly be pref
under affirmativ~ actioh
guidelines and those who could lawfully be discriminated against.
,
" .
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'
'
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, As go~er~ment-sponsored ~~s~;imination cont~nued" th~seeds were sown for
the balkap.ized contemporary A~erican soc ty with which we now wrestle. Amid
the
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,
men's
conflicting claims of multicu]turalism, Afro
sm, feminism,
movemen~'l children's rights, days and lesbians, etc., some common center ,has
in orcler
lost:. Individuals have b~en encouraged to so classify themse
to obtain' a "victimized" ,status .
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"The response to this phenomenon has taken many for'ms. Perhaps
, ,
"
most
�positive is the attempt, now under way in California, to place an amendment to
~~:r state. c(:ms~itution :on. the !1~94 ballot: It is cal
the California Civil
'~ghts In1t1at1ve and 1t 1S des1gned to g1ve the electorate of that state
something. they have never had ibefore: an opportunity to vote directly against
discrimination.
I
The language of the amendment is simple. It says that California and any of
its political subdivisions rna) not use race, sex, ethnicity, color or national
origin as:a, criterion
discriminating against, or granting preferential
I·
�... '
R~liefs,
,
"
and give Colorado the opportunity to make Kipg's noble dream the law
.~'.
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land.
Tom Tancredo·is president qf the Independence Institute, ~ Golden based
conservative think tank. He formerly served in the Bush administration as
regional administrator of the IDepartment of Education.
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LEVEL 1 - 13 OF 29 STORIES
Copyright 1994: The San Diego Union-Tribune
The s~n Diego Union-Tribune
Augpst 21, 1994, Sunday
p-3
SECr-ION: OPINION; Ed .. 1,2; Pg.
LENGTH: 980 words
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HEADLINE: The preferential treafment backlash
BYLINE: PETER SCHRAG
SCHRAG is a.' col umnist and edi to!rial page
editor of The
,
!
BODY:
.
A Republican attempt to prohiibit California government agencies from
discriminating for or against i~dividuals on the basis of race, ethnicity or
. gender got a three-hour hearing; in the Assembly Judiciary Committee this month,
,
followed by the predictable bru~hoff from the committee's majority Democrats,
"It is one of the most dangerous pieces of 1 . slation I have witnessed in my
·"'.~'11r years here, tI said Assemblywoman Barbara Lee, D-Qakland.
J
We should only be so. lucky.
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The California .Civil Rights iInitiative (CCRI), a constitutional amendment
that would have required a two-Ithirds vote in each house of the Legislature in
order to go on the ballot, had jas much chance as a snowball in a furnace.
It
was sponso~ed by Assemblyman Be,rnie Richter of Chico and had some 42
·legislative
r
co sponsors, one of whom ·was a !Democratand one an Independent.
It's a simply worded
"
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propos~tJ.on.
Its key passage says,
IlNej,ther the state
I
. nor any of .its political s~bdivisions or agents shall use race, sex, color,
ethrticity or national origin ad a driterion for either' discriminating against,
or granting preferential treat~ent to, any individual or 9r9uP in the operation
of the state's system of publiC; employment, public education or public
contracting."
Put that proposition tb the voters unadorned and you're likely to get a
sweep.
It's as American as AbFaham Lincoln and Martin Luther King Jr.: Judge
people as individuals on what they can do, .on the content of their character,
I
not on what group they belong to or the color of their skin.
. It's .not the way things work, either' in the uni versi ties, where much of the
.~ and inspiration for CCRI ~omes from, or many other places in the public
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�Everywhere there are p:r:eferences based at least partly on something
, :e
in hiring, in college admis~ions and in a thousapd subtle other ways.
The reasons for some,officidl preferences are obvious enough: 1) to make up'
for the lingering effects of p~st discrimination' and 2) to try to get in the
professions, in the civil serv±ce'and on the campuses people who, at the very
least[ are not strikingly different in pigmentation from the rest of the
populace'.
But as the backers of the CGRI point out,the thing has gone to the point
where new offenses are Committdd in the effort to remedy the old: Should t
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The San DiegbI· Union Tribune, August 21, 1994
,
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scholar~hips reserved for b]acks or Hispanics? Should college departments be
I
offered bopnt s for bagging m~noritiep in their faculty recruiting? Should
there be legislative requireme~ts
racial proportionality, not only in
university admissions, but in graduation rates?
Should ~eople of the right dolor or sei be given preference in contracting
with public agencles, even if ]t costs the public more? And to what extent
should success of a particular1ethnic group - Asians in academic achievement
for example -- itself become a :reason for race-based restrictions·against them?
i
Iri some instances; these th~ng~ have reached such totemic proportions that
just
quest~oning
them is regarded as evidence of racism.
But it'~ not the whb~e stoi~:
Everi CCRI's sponsors, who now h9pe to get the
measure on the ballot by the iriitiative route, acknowledge that there are
colleges that give preference in admission to chilqren of alumni or, as at the
University of California, to.the offspring of legislators. And there are
almost
.
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:~hout do~bt fire and pol
departments, and probably other public agencies
,
;,/
wt=ll, where it still doesn't hurt to be related to somebody, or at least to
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.
know
them, whatever the civil servide regulations say.
More important,
th~re
are legitimate sensibilities and experiences that come
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with certain backgrounds that may well be important in the selection
police
ficers or in enriching the composition of a campus. Where two candidates are
I
otherwise similarly qualified, jwhat's wrong with giving.preference to t o n e
whose parents are immigrants arid grew up in the barrio?
I
CCRI's backers point out, correctly, that economic disadvantage could be
used
.!
more legit~mately to ac~omplis~ almost the same thing. But the very precision
in CCRI's language is likely to run colleges and other state agencies afoul, on
the one hand, of federal laws that encourage
irmative action and, on the
other, to invite still more su~ts from disappointed applicants every time
there's a suggestlon that race lor gender might have been used, however
marginally~ as a criterion.
•
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All that being said, howeve~, CCRInonetheless reflects a set of
increasingly
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-ious proble~s and grievance~ that, as the state becomes ever more diverse,
1 become ali the more vexin~.
�~\.;
'.~'e
At what :point do objective c~iteria and real performance become secondary to
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politically correct imperatives of diversity, as in some cases they already
are, thereby making it ~arder and harder to maintain standards of quality? To
what extent do preferences for marginal candidates lead to frustration when its
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benefic
s are overwhelmed?
. The questions run on: To. what extent y,rill the real.achievements,of
minorities
be diminished by the suspicion ~hat they,too, got some kind of break?
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To what
.
extent does the',' whole process g~nerate mutually self-validating backlash that
further institutionalizes race ~n our society? And at what point, given our
growing diversity, do the def
tional problems about who is ~hat -
definitions, ironically; that squint right back to the slaveholders' racial
distinctions -- become both absurd and totally unmanageable?
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The problem may lie as much ~n the idea of SUbjecting these pro~essesto a
rigid legal formula as in the fbrmula chosen. And it lies in the unchecked
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The San Diego: Union-Tribune, August 21, 1994
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spread of the ide.!=i' that
job
--
~veryth~ng
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--
college admissions, college graduation, a
is an entitlement not tolbe abridged without due process.
!
But the complaint of the CCRf
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LOAD DATE-MDC: August 22, 1994
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is real enough, and it has legs.
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Copyrlg h t 1994 I h e . Cro~lcle Publ~s h'
The sian Franclsco Chronlc
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SEPTEMBER 21' 1994 , FRIDAY, FINAL EDITION
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SECTION:
TORIAL; Pg .. A25; OPEN FORUM
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LENGTH: 440 words
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HEADLINE: For Race-Blind PUblici Policy
BYLINE: Jim Christie
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BODY:
THE FIG~T for race-blind pJbliC'POlicy in California
been joined.
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.
Career
affirmat
-action actiVist Ev~ Paterson (Open Forum, August 22) calls the
California Civil. Right~ Initia~iv~, proposed for the 1996 ballot, a "bit of
rac
. mischief. ' ,
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Paterson, a queen bee inth~I hive of the Bay Area's handout advocacy elite,
'''''Ys that because columnist Pat: Buchanan rightly senses that the initiative, is
"'<'~~ulist
sue, there must be 10mething
ster in its intent.
Buchanan has merely
th~ initiative is, a potential populist issue'. He
isn't running aro~nd the state lor couritry stumping for it. On the contrary,
this
!
initiativei effo~t, '~ith bnly a Ihandful .. staffers arid barely any money in the
bank, has attracted support from right, center, and, yes, the left.
I
a~tivist Willi~m
"
.
.
initiat~ve
Conservative
Rusher sits 'on the
advisory board,
but so do moderate state senators Tom Campbell and Quentin Kopp.
Support from
the left is in the development Istage, but traditional Democrats at the Hoover
In~titution like the initiative's language, as do some people at the
Progressiv,e
'
Pol'icy Institute and the Sacramento Bee editorial board, both center-l t.
~
.
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'Insti~utional ra6ism" wi~l be an6ther likely ~ccusation. Shorild that
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comes '
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as a surprise? No, that body of opinion that calls itself the civil rights
establishment; but which has hcl.d'no mercy for those ~- white, black, Asian,
Latino or .Native American
who have stood up for the individualism and
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meri tocrac;y, doesn't know anotner way.
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In the past, any one of anylrace knew better than to question affirmative
action in public,
fear of llieing denounc~dwith every "ism"
in ·the
.r:~tionary. But the times, ·theY are a changin' . The private resentments fueled
lffirmative action have gai~ed respectability becaus~
the tactics of
.erson.and comp~ny.
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, '" "jThey have cluttered American, life with intrusive regulations. They have
.'\Ten
, ,
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broad power:s to such outside institutions as federal courts to force local
governments to become social engineers. They have tried to destroy those of
minority backgrounds who had th~ audacity not to follow their commands. And
they
' . . :
'
,
have insidiously encouraged a v~st number of Americans to believe that they are
not welcom~ at the table, while they sit at places of honor.
There's no doubt that if, as!theinitiative proposes, racial discrimination
in public agency hiring is made:illegal, Paterson and company will have a
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The San
Franci~co
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slice of their power base tak~n;away. But if
having
ir way with affirmati~e action,
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;weren't racial opportunists
would be no need for the
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26
11 OF 29 STORIES
Copyright 1994 :The Chronicle Publishing Co.
The ~an Francisco Chronicle
I
AUGUST 24,
SECTION:
WEDNESDAY, FINAL EDITION
TO THE EDITOR
ITORIALi Pg. A20i
LENGTH: 1432 words
I
HEADLINE: LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
BODY:
SY IS A TWO-WAY STREET'
!
,Editor
(Ch~oni
This letter is in:response to a letter from Matthew L.
~,August 22).
,
Peterson
I
,' I'
Dear, Mr'. Peterson: I'm always amazed at the hypocrisy that is constantly
by right-wing zea~ots in this country. Whenever a liberal-minded
politician or individual expre~ses a view that is contrary to the right-wing
mind set,t
person is immed~ately,branded a "pink" un-American. To the
·':'~~Q.trary, ,whenever a right -winger exercises
Ihis First Amendment rights,
_~emonstrat~d
, ','.>iy
~,~~ immediately labeled as "d~fenders of freedom."
Right-wingers are all
active lobbying and participat~on as long as it furthers their
ultra-conservat
agenda, but :the moment a liberal group does likewise, they
are accused of pushing their v~lues and lifestyles on the rest of us.
Right-wingers are just uptiJht because their fire does not appeal to a
majority o.f Americans. The Rep~blicans don't control the White House and
Congress due to
deep ideol6gical divisions within their party.
Yes, Republicans do deservelcredit for helping to
s legislation such as
NAFTA and the crime bill in th~ House on Sunday. But, that's because all
politics are local and most Americans are moderates.
heavy anti-NAFTA
lobbying ~y labor and Ross Per6t didn't appeal to the maj
ty. And during the
crime bil~ debate~ the gun nut~"political, d~ath threats were just plain too
much. In each case, a different coalition of Democrats
Republicans put
aside
i
partisan wrangling and did wha~ was best for the country.
!
I
I wonder if the Republicans 'can do the same thing. If
assume
control of the White House and~or Congress in 1996, its
take responsibility for
ac~ions and policies of the
right- wing Christian elements in the party.
,
PIETERVP~
,
:
j
'San Mateo
ZANDT
GOP wants to
challenge is to
ingly powerful
�-
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27
'. '
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The San Francisco Chronicle, AUGUST 24, 1994
.
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Almost every articl~ one reacls about Clinton and the Democrats in the House
blames the president for being! 'weak"
and unable to get the support of all of
I
I
I
I
the members of his party. It is:a selddm published fact that the' 'Democrat
majority"
means nothing in rea+ity, particularly in the House of
Representatives. The Black CaucBs often opposes many of the proposals put
forward by that' 'majority,"
aBd the Southern De~ocrats have not voted with
the
. .
I
Democrat P~rty since civil rights was enacted .
. ,
I
I think the American people ~ould be better served if they were informed
about reasons for discord amongithe Democrats rather than blaming a president
for not accomplishing an impossfble feat ..
B.D. HOUGH
Orinda
'REVERSE; DISCRIMINATION'
i'
.',
!
.-~ditor -- The Open Forum pie~e by Eva Paterson
(' 'Buchanan Is Trying To
ChroniclEk, August 22) evinces either her colossal
ignorance qr her intentional de~eption. One would think that a director of a
lawyer's cdmmittee for civil ri~hts would recognize that both our federal and
state constitutions provide for:the civil rights and for the' 'equal protection
~ _ .ride Cali;fornians,"
of the laws"
for all persons.
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Thus, the California Civil Rfghts Initi~tive would simply and finally end
the'
reverse di~crimination that has!resulted from the' well-inten tioned affirmative
I
.
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I
action lawS as administered by ~va Paterson and her ilk. It is high time that
she and her ilk stop the McCartfuyism toward people like Mr. Buchanan and others
who recognize that it is wrong to remedy past discrimination by denying equal
opportunit~ to Asians, Jews andimales who had nothing to do with that past.
L.D. MANNE-BERG, Esq.
San Francisco
TOO GOOD TO BE TRUE
~ditor
-- In every other
cou~try
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where universal coverage is the key of
�PAGE
31
LEVEL 1 - 12 DF 29 STORIES
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Copyright 1994 The Chronicle Publishing Co.
The Skn Francisco Chronicle
AUGUST 22,: 1994, MONDAY, FINAL EDITION
SECTION: EDITORIALi ,Pg. A19i OPEN FORUM
LENGTH: 521 words
HEADLINE: Buchanan Is Trying To: Divide Californians
BYLINE: "Eva Paterson
BODY:
JUST WHEN we thought Patrick Bu~hanan was but an unpleasant memory from the
1992'presidential campaign, he
cause.
ra~
resurfaced, adopting a new and divisive
Buchanan recognizes, as do mpst pundits, that California's electoral votes
are the jewel in the crown of whoever wants to be elected presid~nt in 1996.
I
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He has concluded that the Re~ublican Party must find a populist issue to win
. back the Perot voters, fracture! the coalition' that put Clinton in the White
House and rebuild the old Reagan coalition.
I
What issue, pray tell, has M~r. Buchanan selected? When all else fails, play,
the race card. The people who brought you Willie Horton are proposing to use
racial tensio~s as a way to get! themselves back into the White House. '
1
Buchana~
In a recent syndicated c61um n,
explained his plan for winning the
1994 presidential election by,,- w:inning California's 54 electoral votes.
i
, 'To win back California ,tflie party must win back the Perot vote, that vast
middle-c ss constituency,' alienated and populist, that
It itself abandoned
by
the Bel tway.
•
I
, 'To th~ point: If the GOP
its old coalition and to slice
casting about fora populist issue to reunite
ill Clinton's new coalition asunder, that issue
is at hand."
The vehlcle Buchanan is using is called the' 'California'Civil Rights
Init
ive:.'
This bit of racial mischief would amend the sta
Constitution by
I
"""laking
1: voluntary
affirmati~e
~ction
by public entities illegal.
�As civil rights advocates, Wf= will readily admit ,that affirmative action is
'_atile artd controversial
issu~
for many people of good will.
i
Some of our Asian and Jewish: friends are understandably concerned about past
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and current ceilings imposed on; their communities
admissions~
,
school and university
,
working~class whites confront an evolving American culture and' a shrinking
economy. The Buchananites manipulate these concerns, exacerbating ~trained
ions between communit s'ih our state.
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The San
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Chronicle, AUGUST 22, 1994
The Buchananites are too often successful in setting allies against each
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other.
They us~ Asian Americans, fot example, as a shield from behind which to
throw
rocks at corrective measures, 'such as affirmative action,' that try to balance
200 years of legally sanctioned~ racial and ethnic discri~ination.
Demagogues
who have never done a thing for Asian Americans suddenly become their biggest
advocates.
Thankfu1ly, on August 10, t~~ Assembly Judiciary Com~ittee, recognizing that
I
we,
n~~d
prqgrams to guarantee
o~portunity
I
to people of color and womert, refused
.
to vote to put the ,so-called "fivil Rights Initiative"
on the ballot.
I ,
"May y~u live interesting ttmes,'! isah old curse., These times are fraught
<
with peril ,if we do not come tolterms with the American dilemma, race. Patrick
Buchanan arid his ilk want to further divide us. To ensure opportunity for
I
groups
I
~o have been discouraged, left~out and locked up, we must grapple with this
)oubling issue.
I
We Californians, who live inithe nation's most diverse state, must refuse to
I
amend our Constitution and turn! back the hands of time vis-a-vis racial
justice.
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
LOAD-DATE-MDC: August 22" 1994
/
�
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Stephen Warnath - Civil Rights Series
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Domestic Policy Council
Stephen Warnath
Civil Rights Series
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1993-1997
Is Part Of
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<a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/show/36406" target="_blank">Collection Finding Aid</a>
<a href="http://catalog.archives.gov/id/641686" target="_blank">National Archives Catalog Description</a>
Description
An account of the resource
Stephen Warnath served as Senior Policy Analyst in the Domestic Policy Council. The Civil Rights Series includes material pertaining to the Civil Rights Working Group and topics such as affirmative action, English only, age discrimination, religious freedom, and voting rights. The records also include confirmation briefing materials for Department of Justice (DOJ) and Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) nominees. The records include briefing papers, correspondence, schedules, testimony, reports, clippings, articles, legislative referral memoranda, and memos. The majority of the memos are internal between the Domestic Policy Council staff and the staff of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, and between the Domestic Policy Council staff and Congress.
Provenance
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Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
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Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
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Adobe Acrobat Document
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134 folders in 13 boxes
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[Affirmative Action - Proposition 209 - Clippings] [1]
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Domestic Policy Council
Steven Warnath
Civil Rights Series
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Box 2
<a href="http://www.clintonlibrary.gov/assets/Documents/Finding-Aids/Systematic/Warnath-DPC-Civil-Rights.pdf" target="_blank">Collection Finding Aid</a>
<a href="http://catalog.archives.gov/id/641686" target="_blank">National Archives Catalog Description</a>
Provenance
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Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
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2/8/2012
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641686-affirmative-action-prop-209-clippings-1
641686