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Clinton Presidential Library
1200 President Clinton Avenue
Little Rock, AR 72201
Inventory for FOIA Request 2011-0168-F
Records related to Executive Order 13107 – Implementation of Human Rights Treaties
Extent
38 folders, approximately 1,916 pages
Access
Collection is open to all researchers. Access to Clinton Presidential Records is governed by the
Presidential Records Act (PRA) (44 U.S.C. Chapter 22) and the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) (5
U.S.C. 552, as amended) and therefore records may be restricted in whole or in part in accordance with
legal exemptions.
Copyright
Documents in this collection that were prepared by officials of the United States government as part of
their official duties are in the public domain. Researchers are advised to consult the copyright law of the
United States (17 U.S.C. Chapter 1) which governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of
copyrighted material.
Provenance
Official records of William Jefferson Clinton’s presidency are housed at the Clinton Presidential Library
and administered by the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) under the provisions of
the Presidential Records Act (PRA).
Processed by
Staff Archivist, 2015. Previously restricted materials are added as they are released.
Scope and Content
The materials in FOIA 2011-0168-F are a selective body of documents responsive to the topic of the
FOIA. Researchers should consult the archivist about related materials.
This collection includes the staff and office files of the National Security Council (NSC) and responsive
records from the Automated Records Management System [Email], and the Cable, Email and Records
Management System of the NSC. This collection includes memos, correspondence, and e-mails. The
memos are related to the presentation of the executive order and the drafting of same. The majority of
memos and e-mail are related to the Universal Declaration on Human Rights (UDHR) 50th anniversary
event. Also included are speech drafts for the UDHR event. The collection also includes memo, e-mail,
correspondence, agenda, and summary of conclusion related to the Interagency Working Group on the
Implementation of Human Rights Treaties. Related to this are records associated with the amicus brief
filed in the case of Michael Domingues v. State of Nevada.
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�In his Sixth Annual Message to the Senate and the House of Representatives George Washington stated
that he anticipated that the United States would be a safeguard of human rights. Thomas Jefferson
lauded the signing of the Slave Trade Act of 1807 noting that its acceptance withdrew, “the citizens of
the United States from all further participation in those violations of human rights which have been so
long continued on the unoffending inhabitants of Africa.” These sentiments of protection of human
rights were echoed in the words of Franklin D. Roosevelt when he said, the United States was “a new
world where freedom and tolerance and respect for human rights and dignity provided an asylum for the
oppressed of the Old World.” Herbert Hoover, in celebration of George Washington, noted that, “our
Nation has builded up during this century and a half a new system of life…[which] is assured by a
glorious charter of human rights.”
Eleanor Roosevelt became Chairman of the United Nation’s Commission on Human Rights in 1946.
The commission’s eighteen members sought to define basic human rights and freedoms. In 1948 the
United Nations adopted the Universal Declaration on Human Rights and from this came a number of
treaties based roughly on Franklin Roosevelt’s Four Freedoms. Though American diplomats played an
important part in drafting the UDHR and its related treaties there have been several human rights treaties
that the United States refused to ratify or even sign.
The United States has been widely criticized for its inaction, or hypocrisy as some have described it, on
human rights issues. When President William J. Clinton came to office, the United States was signatory
to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and to the Convention on the
Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women. The United States Senate had not however,
consented to ratification for either. The U.S. had not even signed the Convention on the Rights of the
Child.
Protecting or advancing of human rights was central to much of the foreign policy action taken by the
United States during the Clinton administration. In 1994, the United States ratified the International
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD) and the Convention
Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (Torture
Convention). Clinton signed the Convention on the Rights of the Child on February 16, 1995. Even with
these ratifications and signatures the United States was roundly criticized. The United States is one of
only three nations not a full party to the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The ICERD and the
Torture Convention were consented to ratification with reservations by the U.S. Senate.
It is standard practice for the Senate to consent to ratification of treaties with reservations. The
reservations state that the treaty is not self-executing. In other words for a treaty to be binding in the
United States the parts of the treaty would have to be made U.S. law. The result, either intended or
unintended, is that treaties often get ratified without any real change in the United States. In the 1990s
that, increasingly, led to a call in the international community for the United States to examine its own
human rights history. What ultimately became Executive Order 13107 was proposed by the Department
of State in 1997 to help further the process of becoming full party to these international treaties and
improving the place of the United States.
Executive Order 13107 reminded Executive branch Departments and Agencies that we were parties to
these treaties. It ordered agencies to create a designated point of contact for human rights issues. Each
agency was to address human rights complaints that fell within their mode of operation. It created an
Interagency Working Group on Human Rights Treaties. Lastly it stated that nothing in the EO would
override existing U.S. law.
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�There was tremendous concern among many members of the Congress and the public that it allowed the
President to automatically and unilaterally ratify treaties which was not true. There was also great
concern that it gave control of United States law to the United Nations or some other party. Which again
was not true and the administration had to explain to members of Congress.
The Interagency Working Group on Human Rights Treaties met for the first time in January 1999. They
met each month through 1999 and 2000. The committee was headed by the National Security Council
with representation of the Department of State, and the departments of Justice, Labor, Interior, and
others.
Notes
Louis Henkin, “U.S. Ratifications of Human Rights Conventions: The Ghost of Senator Bricker,” The
American Journal of International Law 89, no. 2 (April 1995): 341-350.
Herbert Hoover, "Address to a Joint Session of Congress Opening the Celebration of the Bicentennial of
the Birth of George Washington," February 22, 1932. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T.
Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=23455. Accessed
03/20/2015.
Thomas Jefferson, "Sixth Annual Message," December 2, 1806. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T.
Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=29448. Accessed
03/20/2015.
Franklin D. Roosevelt, "Fireside Chat," October 12, 1942. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T.
Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=16178. Accessed
03/20/2015.
George Washington, "Sixth Annual Message," November 19, 1794. Online by Gerhard Peters and John
T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=29436.
Accessed 03/20/2015.
System of Arrangement
Records that were responsive to this request were found in these collection areas—Clinton Presidential
Records: White House Office of Records Management (WHORM) Subject Files, White House Staff and
Office Files, Clinton Presidential Records: Automated Records Management System [Email], Clinton
Presidential Records: NSC Cable, Email, and Records Management System.
The White House Office of Records Management (WHORM) contains a variety of series created to
organize and track documents and correspondence. The WHORM Subject File is a series of categories
designated by a letter/number combination.
WHORM files are processed at the document level; whereas, Staff and Office files are processed at the
folder level, that is, individual documents are not selected and removed from a folder for processing.
While this method maintains folder integrity, it frequently results in the incidental processing of
documents that are not wholly responsive to the subject area.
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�The Automated Records Management System (ARMS) is a database that contains email records of the
Executive Office of the President. This system maintained unclassified Presidential email. The
ARMS database is comprised of six sub-series of email records called "buckets." The
buckets generally represent a specific White House office. The buckets are titled: NPR for National
Performance Review, OPD for Office of Policy Development, POTUS for President of the United
States, WHO for White House Office, CEA for Council of Economic Advisers, and Default for
emails not associated with an office.
The NPR bucket contains email created or received by an individual with a National Performance
Review (NPR) White House user account. The OPD bucket contains email created or received by an
individual with an Office of Policy Development (OPD) White House user account. The POTUS bucket
was designated for email created and received by the President of the United States (POTUS). Please
note that President Clinton never used his POTUS White House user account to send the few emails he
wrote while in office. The WHO bucket contains email created or received by individual with an
Executive Office of the President White House user account not identified as CEA, NPR, or OPD. The
CEA bucket contains email created or received by an individual with a Council of Economic Advisors
(CEA) White House user account. The Default bucket contains email created or received by unknown
or un-recognized email accounts. Email found within the Default bucket often includes email created or
received by offices or individuals outside the Executive Office of the President. ARMS
email are arranged by topic, there-under by bucket, and there-under chronologically by creation date.
FOIA 2011-0168-F includes WHORM records from these subject codes:
[FE003]
[FG005]
[HU]
[Executive Orders]
[Independent Agencies, Boards and Commissions]
[Human Rights]
The following is a list of documents and folders processed in response to 2011-0168-F:
Box 1
Clinton presidential Records: WHORM: Subject File
Category
Case Number
FE003
289350
FE003
295297
FE003
304367
FG065
304121
HU
287021SS [1]
HU
287021SS [2]
HU
298673SS
Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
National Security Council
Legal Advisor
Allen, Charles
Human Rights [OA/ID 2672]
Krass, Caroline
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�Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files (continued)
Interagency Working Group: Human Rights Treaties [1] [OA/ID 3114]
Interagency Working Group: Human Rights Treaties [2] [OA/ID 3114]
Interagency Working Group: Human Rights Treaties [3] [OA/ID 3114]
Interagency Working Group: Human Rights Treaties [4] [OA/ID 3114]
Interagency Working Group: Human Rights Treaties [5] [OA/ID 3114]
Interagency Working Group: Human Rights Treaties [6] [OA/ID 3114]
Box 2
National Security Council
Legal Advisor
Krass, Caroline
Interagency Working Group: Human Rights Treaties [7] [OA/ID 3114]
Interagency Working Group: Human Rights Treaties [8] [OA/ID 3114]
Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
National Security Council
Multilateral and Humanitarian Affairs
Metzl, James
Human Rights [OA/ID 1349]
Stromseth, Jane/Feldman, Daniel/Shea, Dorothy
Human Rights Treaty Implementation [1] [OA/ID 2975]
Human Rights Treaty Implementation [2] [OA/ID 2975]
Strategic Planning
Moffett, Julia
Human Rights [OA/ID 837]
Clinton Presidential Records: Automated Records Management System [Email]
Default [OA/ID 1100000]
[E.O. 13107 or Human Rights Treaties]
[12/6/2000 – 12/07/2000]
OPD [OA/ID 250000]
[E.O. 13107 or Human Rights Treaties]
[12/10/1998]
WHO [OA/ID 500000]
[E.O. 13107 or Human Rights Treaties]
[12/29/1998 – 12/28/1999]
NSC [OA/ID 1200000]
[Human Rights Treaties, Executive Order, 13107]
[12/09/1997-12/28/1999]
Clinton Presidential Records: NSC Cable, Email, and Records Management System
NSC Cables
Jan 1997-Dec 1998 [OA/ID 520000]
[Executive Order, Human Rights Treaties]
[12/11/1997-12/17/1998]
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�Clinton Presidential Records: NSC Cable, Email, and Records Management System (continued)
NSC Email
MSMail-Record (Sept 94-Sept 97) [OA/ID 590000]
[Executive Order, Human Rights Treaties]
[04/28/1997]
Exchange-Record (Sept 97-Jan 01) [OA/ID 620000]
[E.O. 13107]
[01/20/1999-03/26/1999]
[Executive Order, Human Rights Treaties]
[04/09/1998-11/03/1998]
[11/03/1998-11/18/1998]
[12/05/1998-12/09/1998]
[12/09/1998-12/10/1998]
[12/10/1998-11/09/1999]
[11/09/1998-01/10/2001]
Box 3
Clinton Presidential Records: NSC Cable, Email, and Records Management System
NSC Email
Exchange-Non-Record (Mar 97-Jan 01) [OA/ID 630000]
[E.O. 13107]
[01/05/1999-09/26/2000]
[Executive Order, Human Rights Treaties]
[12/17/1997-11/16/1998]
[12/07/1998-03/24/1999]
[05/18/1999-12/14/2000]
NSC Records Management System
[Executive Order, Human Rights Treaties, 13107]
9305259 [OA/ID 1376]
9708457 [OA/ID 1659]
9807337 [OA/ID 2066]
9808541 [OA/ID 2074]
9900488 [OA/ID 2708]
9900835 [OA/ID 2710]
9901091 [OA/ID 2712]
9902637 [OA/ID 2722]
9904342 [OA/ID 2733]
Last modified: 01/21/2016
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�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Executive Order 13107
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
White House Office of Records Management
Subject File
FE003
FG065
HU
National Security Council
NSC Legal Affairs Office
NSC Multilateral and Humanitarian Affairs Office
Automated Records Management System
NSC Cables
NSC Emails
NSC Records Management System
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
<a href="https://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/show/48849">Collection Finding Aid</a>
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
2011-0169-F
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of records related to Executive Order 13107 – Implementation of Human Rights Treaties. It includes memos related to the presentation of the executive order and the drafting of same. The majority of memos and e-mail concern the Universal Declaration on Human Rights (UDHR) 50th anniversary event. The collection also contains memos, e-mail, correspondence, agenda, and summary of conclusions related to the Interagency Working Group on the Implementation of Human Rights Treaties.
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Clinton Presidential Records: White House Office of Records Management
Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
Clinton Presidential Records: Automated Records Management System
Clinton Presidential Records: NSC Cable, Email, and Records Management System
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
William J. Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
46 folders in 3 boxes
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Executive Order 13107 - Collection Finding Aid
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
2011-0168-F
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of records related to Executive Order 13107 – Implementation of Human Rights Treaties. It includes memos related to the presentation of the executive order and the drafting of same. The majority of memos and e-mail concern the Universal Declaration on Human Rights (UDHR) 50th anniversary event. The collection also contains memos, e-mail, correspondence, agenda, and summary of conclusions related to the Interagency Working Group on the Implementation of Human Rights Treaties.
<a href="https://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/collections/show/238"><b>View all digitized documents in this collection</b></a>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
William J. Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Finding Aid