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Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
Clinton Library
DOCUMENT NO.
AND TYPE
SUBJECT/TITLE
DATE
RESTRICTION
001. list
List of Attendees for 11 November Event [partial] [10 USC 130b] (1
page)
ca.
11/10/1993
P3/b(3), P6/b(6)
002a. memo
Anthony Lake to President William J. Clinton re: Injured Soldiers (1
page)
10/23/1993
Pl/b(l)
002b. list
Soldiers Under Treatment (1 page)
ca.
Pl/b(l), P6/b(6)
003a. letter
Nomination of General George A. Joulwan [partial] (1 page)
003b. letter
[Duplicate of 003a] [partial] (1 page)
10/23/1993
ca.
09/23/1993
P6/b(6)
P6/b(6)
ca.
09/23/1993
COLLECTION:
Clinton Presidential Records
National Security Council
Press (Philip J. (PJ) Crowley)
OA/Box Number:
3104
FOLDER TITLE:
Department of Defense [2]
2011-0516-S
kh604
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act -144 U.S.C. 22()4(a)
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 5S2(b)|
PI National Security Classified Information 1(a)(1) of the PRA]
P2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office 1(a)(2) of the PRAj
P3 Release would violate a Federal statute 1(a)(3) of the PRA]
P4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
financial information 1(a)(4) of the PRA)
PS Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
and his advisors, or between such advisors |a)(5) of Ihe PRAj
P6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy 1(a)(6) of the PRA|
b(l) National security classified information |(b)(l) of the FOIA]
b(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of
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b(3) Release would violate a Federal statute |(b)(3) of the FOIA]
h(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
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personal privacy 1(b)(6) of the FOIAj
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C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed
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PRM. Personal record misfile defined in accordance with 44 U.S.C.
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�THE WHITE HOUSE
O f f i c e of the Press Secretary
For I i m e d i a t e Release
December 14, 1993
EXECUTIVE ORDER
AMENDMENT TO EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 12829
By the a u t h o r i t y vested i n me as President by the
C o n s t i t u t i o n and the laws of the United States of America, and
i n order t o extend the time t o issue the National I n d u s t r i a l
Security. Program Operating Manual, i t i s hereby ordered t h a t
Executive Order No. 12829, which i s e n t i t l e d "National
I n d u s t r i a l Security Program," i s amended as f o l l o w s :
Section 1. Section 201(f) of Executive Order No. 12829 i s
amended t o read: "The Manual s h a l l be issued t o correspond as
c l o s e l y as possible t o p e r t i n e n t decisions of the Secretary o f
Defense and the D i r e c t o r of Central I n t e l l i g e n c e made pursuant
t o the recommendations of the J o i n t Security Review Commission
and t o r e v i s i o n s t o the s e c u r i t y c l a s s i f i c a t i o n system t h a t
r e s u l t from P r e s i d e n t i a l Review D i r e c t i v e 29, but i n any event
no l a t e r than June 30, 1994."
Sec. 2. This order s h a l l be e f f e c t i v e immediately.
WILLIAM J. CLINTON
THE WHITE HOUSE,
December 14, 1993.
# # #
�T H E WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
December 10, 1993
P R E S I D E N T NAMES C H R I S T I E , C O L E M A N , AND McCOY
TO S E R V I C E POSTS A T P E N T A G O N
President Clinton today announced his intention to nominate
Deborah P. Christie to be Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Financial
Management, Rodney A. Coleman to be Assistant Secretary of the Air Force
for Manpower, Reserve Affairs, Installations and Environment, and Helen
T. McCoy to be Assistant Secretary of the Army for Financial Management.
"Secretary Aspin is putting together strong management teams in
every branch of the service," said the President. "These three nominees are
prime examples of that effort."
Deborah Christie has nearly two decades of distinguished service with
the Department of Defense as a civil servant. I n her most recent
assignment, Christie was the Deputy Director of Theater Assessments and
Planning for Program Analysis and Evaluation. Her prior experience with
military budgets gives Christie an unusual understanding of the financing
behind various Navy and Marine Corps programs. Christie holds a B.A. in
mathematics from Duke University and has completed graduate courses in
mathematics at the University of Virginia.
Rodney Coleman has twenty years of experience working with state
and local governments, first with the District of Columbia City Council and
later with the Pennsylvania Avenue Development Corporation. For the past
13 years, Coleman has been directly involved with plant closing initiatives
and their impact on surrounding communities. He received his B.A. from
Howard University and later attended the Executive Management Program
at the University of Michigan.
Helen McCoy has spent her entire professional life with the
Department of Defense. Currently the Deputy Comptroller of the Defense
Logistics Agency, she has over 19 years of varied financial management
experience and seven years experience as a mathematician. McCoy holds a
B.A. in mathematics from Bennett College and an M.P.A. from George
Washington University.
# #
#
�O F F I C E OF ASSISTANT SI CHI I AR Y OF D F F E N S E
(PUI.5I IC AFFAIRS)
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December 7, 1993
M O I I-
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No. 580-93
(703)
697-5131 (Midi*)
(703) 697-3189 (Copies)
(703) 697-5737 (Public/Industry)
fflCMTARY OF DftrUTM AflFIK AMHOUHCM DBTUUl CODNTtllPllOLZnRATZOM
ZNZTZATZVI
Secretary of Defense Les Aspin today announced fche Dafense
Counterproliferation initiative, a program to enabla U.S. foroee
to deal with the growing problem of weapons of mass destruction
in the hands of potential adversaries.
Aspin said in a speech that the initiative would treat the
growing danger from proliferation as a military threat as well as
a diplomatic problem. At the heart of the effort, he said, i s a
drive to develop new military capabilities to meet this new
threat.
He apoka to the National Acadamy of Sciences Committo* on
International Security and Arms Control.
Aspin noted that proliferation was not a new problem, but
with the end of the Cold War, and the worldwide spread of
technology i t had grown into a new threat.
"In the past, our policy of nonproliferation could rely
chiefly on diplomatic efforts and denying would-be proliferators
the means to make these weapons. N w wa have to deal with i t as
o,
a serious potential military threat, as well, ha aaid.
11
Ifoe Secretary's Bottom Up Review of defense needs for the
new era placed the new nuclear danger at the top of post-Cold war
threats faced by the United States.
Attached i s a copy of Secretary Aspin's prepared speech.
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�12-07-1993 12:49
7036951149
OASD (PA) The Pentaaon
P,02
Remarks By
Honorable [Jit Aspin
Secretary of Defense
National Academy of Selencee
Committee on International Security and Arma Control
December 7,1993
Thanks you very much, Dr. Albans, and thank all of you for coming this
morning, P particularly pleased to be able to talk about this important topic
m
before this audience because I know man) of you have thought about this. It's
something that's going to take all our Dest sttons.
The national security requlremants of the United States have undergone
fundamental change in jus? a few ehon years. We won the Cold War. The
Soviet threat that dominated our strategy, doctrine, weapons acquisition and
force structure for so long Is gone. With it has gone the threat of global war. But
history did not end with that victory, and neither did threats to the United States,
its people and its interests.
As part of the Bottom Up Review we began to think seriously about what
threats we really faced In this new era. We came up with four chief threats to the
United States. First, a new danger posed by the increased threat of proliferation
of nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction. Second, regional
dangers posed by the threat of aggression jby powers such as Saddam
Hussein's Iraq. Third, the danger that democratic and market reforms will fail in
the former Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and elsewhere. And finally, we
recognize an economic danger to our national security. In the short run our
security is protected by a strong military, bat In the long run it will be protected by
a strong economy.
Of these dangers, the one that most urgently and directly threatens
America at home and American interests abroad is the new nuclear danger. The
old nuclear danger we faced was thousands of warheads in the Soviet Union,
The new nuclear danger we lace is perhaps a handful of nuclear devices in the
hands of rogue states or even terrorist groups. The engine of this new danger is
proliferation.
Let us recall briefly how we dealt with the old nuclear danger - the
nuclear danger of the Cold War era. We had three approaches -- deterrence,
arms control and a nonproliferation policy based on prevention. They worked.
Our policy of deterrence was aimed primarily at the Soviet Union. Our
aim was to guarantee by the structure and disposition of our own nuclear forces
that a nuclear attack on the United States or its allies would bn'ng no profit, and
thus deter it.
�12-07-1993 12:50
7036951149
OASD <PA) The P e n t a B o n
P.03
W sought to stabilize these arsenals through arms control and eventually
e
to shrink them through arms reduction. Our nonprolileratlon policy was aimed at
preventing the spread of nuclear weapons by persuading most nations not to go
nuclear, and denying the materials and know-how to make bombs to thoee who
pursued them. And In fact, these weapons did not spread as quickly as many
suggested.
But that was then and this is now. And now we face the potential of a
greatly Increased proliferation problem. This increase ie the product of two new
developments. The first arises from the break-up of the former Soviet Union.
The second concerns the nature of technology diffusion In this new era. Each of
these developments profoundly changes the nature of the proliferation problem.
Let's look et the former Soviet Union. The continued existence of the
former Soviet Union's arsenal amidst revolutionary change gives rise to four
potential proliferation proolems.
First, and most obvious, is that nuclear weapons are now deployed on the
territory of four states. Before, there was one. The safe and secure transport
and dismantlement of these weapons is one of the U.S. Government's highest
priorities.
Second, we have the potential for what I call loose nukes." In a time ol
profound transition in the former Soviet Union, it is possible that nuclear
weapons, or the material or technology to make them could find their way to a
nuclear black market.
Third, nuclear and other weapons expertise for hire could go to would-be
proliferators.
Fourth, whatever restraint the former Soviet Union exercised over its
client states with nuclear ambitions, such as North Korea, Is much diminished.
Regional power balances have been disrupted and old ethnic conflicts have
re-emerged.
The other new development that exacerbates today's proliferation
problem is a by-product of growth in world trade and the rising tide of technology
everywhere.
The world economy today is characterized by an ever increasing volume
of trade leading to ever greater diffusion of technology. Simply put, this will
make It harder and harder to detect illicit diversions of materials and technology
useful for weapons development.
�12-07-1993 12:50
7036951149
OASD (PA) The Penta9on
P.04
Moreover, many potential aggressors no longer have to import all the
sophisticated technology they need. They are Vowing" it at home. The growth
of Indigenous technology can completely change the nonproliferation equation.
Potential proliferators are sometimes said to be "several decades behind
the West." This is not much comfort. If a would-be nuclear nation is four
decades behind in 1993 then it is at the same technological level as the United
States was in 1953. By 1953, the United States had fission weapons. We were
building Intercontinental range bombers and were developing intercontinental
missiles.
Realize, too, that most of the thermonuclear weapons In the United States
arsenal today were designed in the 1960s using computers that were then
known as "super computers." These same "super computers" are no more
powerful than today's laptop personal computers that you can pick up at the
store or order through the catalog.
These new developments tell us a couple of very important things. The
first, of course, is that we face a bigger proliferation danger than we've ever
faced before. But second, end most important, is that a policy of prevention
through denial wont be enough to cope with the potential of tomorrow's
proliferators.
In concrete terms, here is where we stand today. More than a score of
countries many of them hostile to the United States, our friends and our allies
- have now or are developing nuclear, biological and/or chemical weapons -and the means to deliver them. More than 12 countries have operational ballistic
missiles and others have programs to develop them.
Weapons of mass destruction may directly threaten our forces in the field,
and in a more subtle way threaten the effective use of those forces. In some
ways, in fact, the role of nuclear weapons In the U.S. scheme of things has
completely changed.
During the Cold War, our principal adversary had conventional forces in
Europe that were numerically superior. For us, nuclear weapons were the
equalizer. The threat to use them was present and was used to compensate for
our smaller numbers of conventional forces. Today, nuclear weapons can still
be the equalizer against superior conventional forces. But today it is the United
States that has unmatched conventional military power, and it is our potential
adversaries who may attain nuclear weapons. We're ihe ones who could wind up
being the equailzee.
And it's not just nuclear weapons. All the potential threat nations are at
least capable of producing biological and chemical agents. They might not have
�12-07-1993 12:51
7035951148
OASD CPA; The Pema9on
P.05
usable weapons yet, and they might not use them if they do. But our
commanders will have to assume that U.S. forces are threatened.
So the threat is real and It is upon us today. President Clinton directed
the world's attention to it in his speech to the United Nations General Assembly
in September. He said. "One of our most urgent priorities must be attacking the
proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, whether they are nuclear,
chemical, or biological; and the ballistic missiles that oan rain them down on
populations hundreds of miles away... If we do not stem the proliferation of the
world's deadliest weapons, no democracy can feel secure."
To respond to the President, we have created tha Defense
Counterproliferetion Initiative. With this initiative, we are making the essential
change demanded by this increased threat. We are adding the task of
protection to the task of prevention.
In past administrations, the emphasis was on prevention. The policy of
nonproliferation combined global diplomacy and regional security efforts with the
denial of material and know-how to would-be proliferators. Prevention remains
our pre-eminent goal. In Noah Korea, for example, our goals are still a nonnuclear peninsula and a strong nonproliferation regime.
The Defense Counterproliferation Initiative In no way means we will
lesson our nonproliferation efforts, In fact, DoD's work will strengthen
prevention. What the Defense Counterproliferation Initiative recognizes,
however, is that proliferation may still occur. Thus, we are adding protection as
a major policy goal.
The chart shows how the two - prevention and protection combine to
make a complete attack on the problem. On the left, we have the policy
Instruments for prevention. On the right are the steps we take to protect if
proliferaticn occurs. What's new is the emphasis on the right side of the chart
where the Defense Department has a special responsibility.
At the heart of the Defense Counterproliferation Initiative, therefore, is a
drive to develop new military capabilities to deal with this new threat. It has five
elements: One, creation of the new mission by the President; two. changing
what we buy to meet the threat: three, planning to fight wars differently; four,
changing how we collect intelligence and what intelligence we collect; and finally,
five, doing all these thing with our allies.
Let's look at each in turn,
Prst point; new mission. President Clinton not only recognized the
danger of the new threat, he gave us this new mission to cope with it. We have
issued defense planning guidance to the services to make sure everyone
�12-07-1993 IS:51
7036951149
OASD CPA2 The Pentagon
P.06
understands what the President wants. I have organized my own staff to reflect
the importance of the new mission with the new position of Assistant Secretary
of Defense for Nuclear Security and Counterproliferation.
Second point; what we buy. We are reviewing ail relevant programs to
see what we can do better. For example, we're looking at improved non-nuclear
penetrating munitions to deal with underground installations. Saddam Hussein,
you'll recall, was building a lot of underground refuges because normal
structures were totally vulnerable to our precision air strikes. We cannot let
future Saddams escape attack. We're also working hard on better ways to hunt
mobile missiles after our difficulties In finding Scuds during the Gulf War. And of
course, we have reoriented the Strategic Defense Initiative into the Ballistic
Missile Defense Organization so that it concentrates on responding to theater
ballistic missile threats that are here today.
We've also proposed a clarification in the ABM treaty, it would allow us to
develop and test a theater missile defense system to meet a real threat without
undermining an Important agreement. This Is an essential element of our
counterproliferation strategy.
Third point; how we fight wars. We are developing guidance for dealing
with this new threat. We have directed the services to tell us how prepared they
are for it. The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and our regional
commanders in chief our CINCs -- are developing a military planning process
for dealing with adversaries who have weapons of mass destruction.
And our concerns are by no means limited to the nuclear threat. We have
a new Joint Office to oversee all DoD biological defense programs. This is the
first time the department has organized its collective expertise to deal with the
tough biological defense problems we face.
Fourth point; intelligence. After the war with Iraq, we discovered that
Saddam Hussein had a much more extensive nuclear weapons program going
than we knew. Moreover, we learned during the war that we had failed to
destroy his biological and chemical warfare efforts. We do not want to be caught
like that again, so we are working to improve our counterproliferation
intelligence.
As a first step, we are pursuing an arrangement with the director of central
intelligence to establish a new deputy director for military support in the
Intelligence Community's Nonproliferation Center. And we're tripling the number
of Defense Department experts assigned to the center. We're looking for
intelligence that is useful militarily, not only diplomatically.
�12-07-1993 12:52
7836951149
OASD (PA) The Pentagon
P.07
Fifth point: international cooperation. Our allies and security partners
around tha world hava as much to ba concerned about as wa do. We have
tabled an Initiative with NATO to Increase alliance efforts against proliferation of
weapons of mass destruction.
We are also cooperating actively with the Japanese on deployment of
theater missile defense systems there, and possibly on developing such systems
together.
We are paying special attention to the dangerous potential problem of
weapons and nuclear material proliferating from the Soviet Union. Under the
Nunn-Lugar program, we are helping Russia, Belarus, Ukraine and Kazakhstan
with the safe and secure dismantling of their nuclear weapons. And we're
helping them improve the security of fissile material In both weapons and civilian
nuclear facilities by helping them set up material control and accounting
systems.
We are even including Russia in our attempt to reshape export controls
on sensitive technology. The control system used to be aimed at the Eastern
Bloc. Now we are incorporating former Eastern Bloc countries in our efforts to
impede would-be proliferators. The Defense Department can play a constructive
role in balancing economics and security here. In this effort, we have been
guided by the excellent work conducted by the National Academy of Sciences.
To sum up, we've undertaken a new mission. For many years we
planned to counter the weapons of mass destruction of the former Soviet Union.
Now. we've recognized a new problem and we're acting to meet It with
counterproliferation. At the same time, our initiative complements
nonproliferation in three important ways. It promotes consensus on the gravity
of the threa:, helping to maintain the international nonproliferation effort. It
reduces the military utility of weapons of mass destruction, while nonproliferation
keeps up the price, making them less attractive to the proliferator. And it
reduces the vulnerability of the neighbors of those holding these weapons,
further reducing the motive to acquire them in self-defense.
We are In a new era. We have released our Bottom Up Review that
provided a blueprint for our conventional forces for the years ahead. Our
Defense Counterproliferation Initiative will allow us to deal with the number one
threat identified In the BUR, and it will help provide the real strength America
needs to meet the dangers we face. The public expects nothing lees from Its
Department of Defense than the right responses to the new world.
Thank you.
###
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�THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
November 30, 1993
PRESIDENT SIGNS DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION AND VETERANS PENSION BILLS
President C l i n t o n today signed i n t o law H.R. 2401, the
National Defense A u t h o r i z a t i o n Act f o r Fiscal Year 1994, which
authorizes FY 94 appropriations of $260.9 b i l l i o n f o r n a t i o n a l
defense programs at the Department of Defense and elsewhere and
sets personnel strengths f o r the a c t i v e and reserve components of
the armed forces.
1
The President also signed H.R. 3341, which increases the
rate of special pension payable t o persons who have received the
Congressional Medal of Honor from $200 t o $'400 per month.
#
1
v^
#
#
�8416
THE WHITE
HOUSE
WAS H I N G T O N
November 10, 1993
MEETING WITH
SELECTED SOLDIERS WHO SERVED I N SOMALIA
DATE:
LOCATION:
TIME:
November 11, 1993
Roosevelt Room
9:30 - 10:00 a.m.
FROM: ANTHONY LAI(£j2^-"
I.
PURPOSE
To meet w i t h s e l e c t e d Rangers, S p e c i a l Forces p e r s o n n e l and
i n f a n t r y m e n who served i n t h e October 3, 1993 f i r e - f i g h t i n
Somalia.
II.
BACKGROUND
You have i n v i t e d these s o l d i e r s t o t h e White House t o
express your a p p r e c i a t i o n and a d m i r a t i o n f o r t h e i r b r a v e r y
i n t h e October 3 f i r e - f i g h t i n Somalia. The group c o n s i s t s
of t h e u n i t commander and two o r t h r e e non-commissioned
o f f i c e r s from each o f t h e f i v e u n i t s t h a t p a r t i c i p a t e d i n
the b a t t l e :
(1) t h e 75th Rangers; (2) t h e 1 s t B a t t a l i o n o f
the 160th S p e c i a l O p e r a t i o n s A v i a t i o n Regiment; (3) t h e 1 0 t h
Mountain D i v i s i o n ; (4) 24th S p e c i a l T a c t i c s Squadron; and
(5) D e l t a Force. They w i l l be accompanied by S e c r e t a r y o f
Defense A s p i n , General S h a l i k a s h v i l i , General Downing
(Commander, S p e c i a l O p e r a t i o n s Command) and Major General
G a r r i s o n ( J o i n t S p e c i a l O p e r a t i o n s Command).
III.
PARTICIPANTS
Participants l i s t
IV.
i s a t Tab A.
PRESS PLAN
White House Photographer o n l y . The D e l t a Force a t t e n d e e s
are under cover and cannot be photographed by t h e media.
V.
SEQUENCE
F o l l o w i n g t h e V e t e r a n s ' Day b r e a k f a s t , you w i l l r e t u r n t o
the Roosevelt Room w i t h t h e m i l i t a r y p e r s o n n e l f o r an
i n f o r m a l h a l f - h o u r meeting. I f t i m e p e r m i t s , you can i n v i t e
the group i n t o t h e Oval O f f i c e f o r f o u r s e p a r a t e group
photos.
Attachments
Tab A
L i s t o f Attendees
Tab B
Talking Points
�Withdrawal/Redaction Marker
Clinton Library
DOCUMENT NO.
AND TYPE
001. list
SUBJECT/TITLE
DATE
List of Attendees for 11 November Event [partial] [10 USC 130b] (1
page)
ca.
11/10/1993
RESTRICTION
P3/b(3), P6/b(6)
COLLECTION:
Clinton Presidential Records
National Security Council
Press (Philip J. (PJ) Crowley)
OA/Box Number:
3104
FOLDER TITLE:
Department of Defense [2]
2011-0516-S
kh604
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - |44 U.S.C. 2204(a)|
Freedom of Information Act -15 U.S.C. 5S2(b)|
PI
P2
P3
P4
h(l) National security classified information 1(b)(1) of the FOIAj
h(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of
an agency 1(b)(2) of the FOIA]
b(3) Release would violate a Federal statute 1(b)(3) of the FOIAj
h(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
information 1(b)(4) of the FOIAj
b(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy 1(b)(6) of the FOIAj
b(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes 1(b)(7) of the FOIAj
h(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
financial institutions 1(b)(8) of the FOIA]
b(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
concerning wells |(b)(9) of the FOIAj
National Security Classified Information 1(a)(1) of the PRA|
Relating to Ihe appointment to Federal office 1(a)(2) of the PRA|
Release would violate a Federal statute 1(a)(3) of the PRA|
Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
financial information 1(a)(4) of the PRA|
PS Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
and his advisors, or between such advisors |a)(5) of the PRA)
Pf> Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy 1(a)(6) of the PRA|
C Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed
of gift.
PRM. Personal record misfile defined in accordance with 44 U.S.C.
2201(3).
RR. Document will be reviewed upon request.
�L i s t of Attendees f o r 11 November Event
NAME
UNIT
Les A s p i n
General John M. S h a l i k a s h v i l i
General Wayne A. Downing
MGEN W i l l i a m F. G a r r i s o n
CSM Robert D. L i t t l e
S e c r e t a r y o f Defense
Chairman, JCS
CINCSOC
JSOC
JSOC
LTCOL James L. Oeser
MSGT S c o t t C. Fales
SMC John G. Gay
LTCOL Danny R• McKnight
SGT Randal J. Ramaglia
PFC Danny H. Jackson
LTCOL Thomas E. Matthews
SSG Kenneth B. Hickman
SSG W i l l i a m P. Shannon
SPG M i c h a e l K. C a r r o l l
SPC Duane R. B e v i t t
LTCOL Egon F. Hawrylack
24th Spec. T a c t . Squad.
24th Spec. T a c t . Squad.
NAVDEV GROUP
3rd Bn 7 5 t h Rangers
3rd Bn 7 5 t h Rangers
3rd Bn 7 5 t h Rangers
160th Spec. Ops. A i r Grp.
160th Spec. Ops. A i r Grp.
160th Spec. Ops. A i r Grp.
C Co, 2d Bn, 1 4 t h I n f a n t r y
A Co, 2d Bn, 1 4 t h I n f a n t r y
HQ, 1 s t Bn, 22d I n f a n t r y
*Amputee, l e g
Anthony Lake
Assistant t o the President
for National Security
Affairs
Samuel R. Berger
Deputy A s s i s t a n t t o t h e
President f o r National
Security A f f a i r s
Robert G. B e l l
S e n i o r D i r e c t o r f o r Defense
P o l i c y and Arms C o n t r o l
�POINTS TO BE MADE FOR MEETING WITH
SELECTED SOLDIERS WHO SERVED IN SOMALIA
I want you t o know how very proud I am and I t h i n k a l l
Americans a r e o f t h e way you conducted y o u r s e l v e s i n
Somalia.
I know t h a t t h e b a t t l e t h a t began on October
the most i n t e n s e f i r e
s i n c e Vietnam.
3 was one o f
f i g h t s American s o l d i e r s have seen
The r e f u s a l o f t h e Rangers t o leave t h e i r
comrades, and t h e b r a v e r y o f a l l t h e American s o l d i e r s
that
p a r t i c i p a t e d i n t h e a c t i o n , should never be f o r g o t t e n .
We are determined now t o complete our m i s s i o n i n Somalia on
our terms and i n a way t h a t o f f e r s t h e Somalis and t h e
U n i t e d Nations t h e b e s t p o s s i b l e o p p o r t u n i t y t o secure t h e
f u t u r e of t h a t country.
Your e f f o r t s , and t h e e f f o r t s o f
a l l t h e o t h e r Americans t h a t have served t h e r e , have saved
hundreds o f thousands
of l i v e s .
And we a r e d e t e r m i n e d t o do
what we can t o make sure t h a t t h e s a c r i f i c e s t h a t have been
made w i l l n o t have been i n v a i n .
(Recommend you then c a l l on some o f t h e NCO and e n l i s t e d and ask
about t h e missions o f t h e i r u n i t s and t h e i r i n d i v i d u a l
impressions o f Somalia and experiences t h e r e . )
�THE WHITE HOUSE
O f f i c e o f the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
November 11, 1993
REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT
AT WREATH-LAYING CEREMONY AT ARLINGTON NATIONAL CEMETERY
Tomb o f the Unknown Soldier
A r l i n g t o n National Cemetery
Arlington, Virginia
11:35 A.M. EST
THE PRESIDENT: Thank you very much. Secretary Brown,
General Brady, d i s t i n g u i s h e d leaders o f our veterans' organizations,
Secretary Aspin and General S h a l i k a s h v i l i and the leaders o f our
Department o f Defense and our m i l i t a r y services. And t o a l l o f you,
my f e l l o w Americans.
Today we gather t o honor those who have rendered t h e
highest service any American can o f f e r t o t h i s n a t i o n : Those who
have fought f o r our freedom and stood sentry over our s e c u r i t y . On
t h i s h i l l s i d e o f solemn remembrance, and a t gravesides and veterans'
h a l l s and i n proud parades a l l across America, today we j o i n as one
people t o appreciate a debt we can never f u l l y repay.
Every American who ever put on t h i s nation's uniform i n
war o r peace has assumed r i s k s and made s a c r i f i c e s on our common
behalf. Each o f the 1.6 m i l l i o n men and women now i n our forces
today bears our common burden. This day belongs t o a l l o f them — t o
a l l who have protected our land we love over a l l the decades, and
now, over two centuries o f our existence.
From the Minutemen who won our independence, t o the
w a r r i o r s who turned back aggression i n Operation Desert Storm. I t
belongs t o those who f e l l i n b a t t l e and those who stood ready t o do
so. To those who were wounded and those who t r e a t e d t h e i r wounds.
To those who returned from the service t o f r i e n d s and f a m i l i e s , and
t o the f a r too many who remain missing.
We honor our veterans on t h i s day because i t marks the
end of the f i r s t world war. On the 11th hour of the 11th day of the
11th month there crept an eerie silence across the b a t t l e f i e l d s of
Europe and four years of unbelievable destruction then came to an
end.
Today on the 75th anniversary of that great war, i t i s
f i t t i n g for us to r e c a l l and salute those from every service who
contributed to the a l l i e d victory, embodied today by the fine figure
of Mr. Coolbaugh who stood here and received t h i s medal.
Our victory i n that "war to end a l l wars" was a great
t e s t of whether our nation then could reach out and become involved
in the rest of the world. Many of the soldiers who fought i n that
war, including the men whom we honored here today, were born i n
another century, a time i n which America f e l t secure on t h i s great
and vast continent protected by two oceans.
We entered World War I knowing that we could no longer
run from the rest of the world. But i n the end, while that war
proved our strength, i t did not prove our wisdom. For within the
span of a short generation after i t , we neglected during a careless
peace what had been so dearly won i n a r e l e n t l e s s war.
MORE
�- 2 -
We turned our backs on the r e s t of the world. We
ignored new signs of danger. We l e t our troops and arms f a l l out of
readiness. We neglected o p p o r t u n i t i e s f o r c o l l e c t i v e s e c u r i t y i n our
own n a t i o n a l i n t e r e s t . We succumbed t o the siren's song of
protectionism and erected w a l l s against peaceful commerce w i t h other
nations. Soon we had a Great Depression, and soon t h a t depression
led t o aggression and then t o another world war, one t h a t would claim
a h a l f m i l l i o n American l i v e s .
Now, once more we stand a t the end of a great c o n f l i c t .
The Cold War i s over. The lesson America won i n second world war led
us t o contain communism i n the Cold War and l e d t o the g r e a t e s t
peacetime v i c t o r y the world has ever known, the collapse of the
communist system and the Soviet empire. Our long and t w i l i g h t
s t r u g g l e against t h a t expansionist adversary has ended. And even as
the world marvels a t t h i s achievement, once again h i s t o r y i s about t o
take the measure of our wisdom.
Our generation i s being asked now t o decide whether we
w i l l preserve freedom's gains and learn freedom's lessons. We are
being asked t o decide whether we w i l l maintain the high s t a t e of
readiness t h a t stood behind our v i c t o r y , or f r i t t e r away the seed
corn of our s e c u r i t y ; asked whether we w i l l swell the g l o b a l t i d e
freedom by promoting democracy and open world markets, or neglect the
duty of our leadership and the process and, i n the withdrawal,
diminish hope and p r o s p e r i t y not only f o r our own people, but f o r
b i l l i o n s of others throughout the world who look t o us.
One of the greatest honors we can pay t o our veterans on
t h i s Veterans Day i s t o act w i t h the s u f f i c i e n t wisdom necessary t o
preserve the gains they have won through t h e i r hard service and great
s a c r i f i c e . To honor those who served i n Europe and Korea and Vietnam
and the Persian Gulf, i n scores of posts a t home and abroad, l e t us
today resolve we w i l l not s t r a y from the r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s necessary
to keep our nation secure and our people prosperous.
We also honor our veterans today by n o t i n g the
outstanding s e r v i c e being rendered around the world a t t h i s moment by
the most t a l e n t e d and the best prepared group of men and women who
have ever worn our nation's uniform. (Applause.)
This morning I had the privilege and the honor to host
for breakfast not only the leaders of our nation's veterans'
organizations, but also 17 of the Army Rangers Special Operations
forces and infantrymen who recently returned from our mission in
Somalia. (Applause.) Afterwards, I invited them and t h e i r
commanders into the Oval Office where we sat and had a v i s i t . I was
profoundly impressed by them and by t h e i r service.
Not enough of our fellow Americans know the real story
of what happened during the t e r r i b l y d i f f i c u l t f i r e f i g h t i n Mogadishu
on October 3rd — a fight i n which they demonstrated great a b i l i t y ,
success and unbelievable valor. During that raid, a Blackhawk
helicopter was downed. Despite t h i s setback the Special Operations
forces conducted t h e i r raid with precision, apprehending 20 people
suspected of involvement i n the murder of United Nations peacekeepers
in the Somali mission. At that point, they could have pulled back to
safety, confident i n the success of t h e i r mission. After a l l , what
they had come to do was over. But they share an ethic that says they
can never leave a f a l l e n comrade behind.
So some 90 of them formed a parameter around the downed
a i r c r a f t i n an attempt to retrieve the wounded and the dead. They
found they could not dislodge the body of one p i l o t , but they refused
to leave him behind. They braved hours and hours of the f i e r c e s t
enemy f i r e . Eighteen of them ultimately perished; over 70 were
wounded. They exacted a t e r r i b l e t o l l on t h e i r adversaries;
casualties 10 times as great, f a t a l i t i e s 20 times as great.
�- 3-
I want to note their presence with us here today. I
want to thank them. And I want you to l e t them know that we know
they did their mission well and that we are proud of them.
(Applause.) Please stand up. Here they are. Please stand up.
(Applause.)
W owe i t to them and to t h e i r colleagues to ensure that
e
our forces remain the best trained, the best equipped, the best
prepared i n the world. And we w i l l do that. We also owe those who
serve i n our nation's military the assurance that what they have done
for us w i l l not be forgotten. We owe to our veterans a health care
system that i s there for them when they need i t and provides high
quality and compassionate care. (Applause.) We owe to our veterans
a measure of the security they have provided to us. And that i s why,
e a r l i e r today, I was proud to sign a b i l l which helps to increase the
retirements benefits of our disabled veterans. (Applause.)
And as we remember a l l of those whom we see today and
those whom we can imagine who are serving for us or who have served,
we must never forget those who were never accounted for. That
obligation never dies u n t i l we know the whole truth.
Just t h i s month, we secured an agreement from the
Chinese to return the remains of three American aviators whose cargo
plane crashed there i n the Himalayas i n 1943. Our nation has a
particular responsibility to pursue the fate of our missing from the
war i n Vietnam. (Applause.) On Memorial Day, X pledged here that
our government would declassify and make available v i r t u a l l y a l l
documents related to those who never returned from that war, and that
I would do i t by t h i s day, Veterans Day. I can t e l l you that l a s t
evening, the Secretary of Defense completed that task. That promise
has been f u l f i l l e d . (Applause.) I know that our government, our
nation together have a solemn obligation to the families of those who
are missing to do a l l we can to help them find answers and peace of
mind.
Every year, our humble words on Veterans Day can never
do j u s t i c e to the s a c r i f i c e s made by our veterans: by those who
returned and those who did not; by those who l i v e among us today and
those who l i v e only i n our memories. We know we can never repay the
debt, but s t i l l we t r y because we know t h e i r s a c r i f i c e s should be in
our hearts every day.
So on t h i s day l e t us simply repeat to America's
veterans what i s inscribed on the medals that have been awarded to
thousands of those who served i n World War I : A grateful nation
remembers.
Thank you very much.
(Applause.)
END
11:47 A.M. EST
�THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
(Martineburg, west Virginia)
ioL immediate Release
November ll, 199i
™ „- ~
REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT
TO THE PEOPLE OF MARTINSBURG V.A. MEDICAL CENTER
Martinsburg v.A. Medical Center
Martinsburg, west Virginia
m
2:04 P M EST
..
THE PRESIDENT: Thank you very much. I want to «»y
a special word of thanks to Tom Weaver and to a l l the people oft
the staff here at this wonderful, wonderful health f a c i l i t y for
making m feel so welcome today and for taking ve around at Itae*
e
one of the floors and giving m a feel for the kind of car*
e
that's provided. 1 really thank them.
1 1
<* also like to thank Senator Rockefeller for
flying down here with «e today on the helicopter — I hope the
helicopter didn't bother you too much when i t landed. And ay
good friend. Congressman Wise; and Governor Caperton. A l l thre*
of them in different ways have worked hard to try to provide
quality health care for the veterans of our country and for a l l
Americans. And as I'm sure a l l of you know, that's a big
struggle that we're involved in now in Washington, and i t ' s nie%
to have three a l l i e s from West Virginia.
I told Jay Rockefeller today that we wouldn't be up
there fighting for national health care i f i t hadn't been for him
fighting for i t a long time before someone could run and win
preeldential race on that issue; and I thank Jay for that.
(Applause.) 1 also want to encourage you, Governor Caperton*
this health care i s a complicated issue. You just have to k<5«9
fighting, i t ' s like pushing a rock up a h i l l , but eventually v *
get to the top, don't we?
£
I want to also say to a l l of you here in West
Virginia, i»m especially glad to be here on Veterans Day. Thi%
whole area of the country has the look and feel of my home sratt
of Arkansas. And one of the men I met today when touring che
hospital, a man named overman was actually born in Arkansas. So
I sat on his bed and looked out the window and thought I was
home. (Laughter.) He didn't have an accent. (Laughter.)
we're here today to honor a l l the Americans who have
worn our nation's uniform — these who have contributed in wcr
and tfcoM who have stood in peace, people who have protected our
•aeurity and peopl* for whom we now have a moral obligation to
protect tbelr security. I wanted to come here to this hospital
today to * r i v * that polat ha«e. I know we can never fully repay
the debt that we owe as a coantry to our veterans. But we can
honor that debt and partially repay i t by making sure that we
hav« ouallty, secure and cowprehanaiv* health care for --- he
vetaraaff of tfea United States.
Thia morning I had the honor of hooting a bre?.::fast
at the whit* House for the leaders of our veterans groups and for
several of the brave young soldiers who have been serving our
country in Somalia and who were involved in the ferocious
firefight on October 3rd. And this morning I was also pleased w
o
sign into law a b i l l , which Senator Rockefeller was the leading
sponsor, which increases the cost of living allowance to our
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be paid L «2i ^ ' ,
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OB paia on time beginning in January of 1994.
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(Applause )
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e s t health care system. And as I said today, I saw
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t y here that any American — any American —
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t
to work in or to be a patient i n .
A
leadership of secretary of veterans Affairs Jesse Brovn
and the Deputy Secretary Hershel Gober, who's here with me
somewhere today — Hershel where are you? ~ he's not up here on
this stage because he's heard this speech before, he said,
(applause) — we're going to continue to work for that.
rt
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When I was out in the crowd outside shaking hands* X
was pleased to see that one lady had already purchased a
paperback copy of the administration's proposed health plan that
was put together by the group that the First Lady headed. One ot
the things that I want to encourage a l l of you to do i s to get a
copy of that plan and read i t .
I'm very proud of the fact that
the health care reform plan proposed by our administration i s the
only one that embraces the V.A. as a real resource for highquality affordable health care for our people.
Under our plan, a l l vetarans would be eligible to
receive their comprehensive national health care benefit package
through the V.A. system. Veterans with service-connected
disabilitiea and low-income veterans who choose V.A. would
receive this care with no copayments or deductibles. And no
veteran in need of health care would ever be turned away from a
V.A. hospital i f our plan became law.
This Veterans Day i s a special one. i t marks the
73th anniversary of the armistice which ended World War I . And
as a l l of you know, that was the occasion for commemorating
Veterans Day. we are fortunate today that there are about 31,000
living veterans from world War I , and four of them are with us.
I want to acknowledge them today and to t e l l you that today we'll
ba giving them this medal commemorating their service in World
War I , and a certificate. (Applause.) The medal says: "75th
Anniversary, World War I . " And then on the back, i t has two
great slogans: "A grateful nation remembers,'* and "They came on
wings of eaglea," (Applause.)
Wow, let me introduce them to you. Mr. Benjamin
Valentine. Where are you? There's Mr. Valentine. He's right
there. (Applause.) I want to t e l l you a l i t t l e bit about him.
He served In the Army from May, 1918 through May, 1919. He was
assigned to the Quartermaster Corps and embarkation depot at
Charleston, south Carolina. In his civilian l i f e he worked in a
brickyard, and hia favorite leisure activities w«re hunting and
fishing.
The next honorse i s Mr. Ernest Deetjen. Where is
he? Mr. Deetjen. (Applause.) Let me t e l l you a l i t t l e about
htm. He served iiufhe Army as a cook with the 331st supply
Compauy. He enlisted in June, 1918 and served in France from
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Good for him; and i f t l r L m n l F f i ™ '
y
(Applause.)
here in this out?tilSfJ« E ? ? v i
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that his unclS SlfJSJ S?
f * t v > I •hould also mention
Procedure to the iohn« Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore.
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thia fine gentleman
- in France r L f f
Wilson. (Applause.) I thin*
Pres?den? S i l J n M ', V * ™ * ^ * * ^ France, he met
No? oS?fwas ??e;idon?'„^
i«Port«nt,
Party as i I . ! f l
member of the same political
American m h S ' ^
there's a new president, a famous
Tennessee 2 r i ^ ? ? '
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Nashville,
a pa!? of' hoe« . S % f ?
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90t my shoes, they said: "Dear
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biggest feet in the white House since
we'ro^iS ! '
( ^ h t e r and applause.) So, Mr. Deetjen,
we re glad to see you.
him
u '
t Hannah, where i s he? Let's recognize
i.il'*,?lf
f
(Applause.) Mr. Hannah served as a courier i n
tne 317th Infantry from September of 1917 through June of 1919.
Cf ? f,? a
9ger. He helped to build the Cass Railroad in
Virginia. He worked in an aircraft plant. His last job was
witn Bethlehem steel in sparrows Point, Maryland. He's certainly
earned his way through life. Let's give him a hand. (Applause.)
And our last honoree i s Mr. Milton Garland from
Waynesboro, Pennsylvania. Stand up, Mr. Garland. (Applause.)
This man has an amazing story. He served in the First Division
of the Navy from July of 1918 through September of 1921. At the
age of 98, he i s s t i l l known as "Mr. Refrigeration." Because, at
his age, he s t i l l teaches refrigeration classes in Waynssboro
from the Frick Refrigeration Company. He has designed ice rink*,
food refrigeration units, and petrochemical controls. And he'a
s t i l l working at his chosen profession. Let's give him a hand.,
(Applause.)
I close by asking you to remember that the service
that these flna people rendered i s being replicated today a l l
around the world by the men and women who wear our uniforms.
Today they are the best-trained, best-eguipped, ablest people who
have ever worn the uniform of the United States of America. They
would not be able to do that today, had i t not been for the
contributions of people like these four men we honor.
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so I ask you to remember what this says: "
A
grateful nation remembers." Thank you a l l very much.
(Applause.)
END
2:15 P.M. EST
�THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
November 11, 1993
PRESIDENT CLINTON PRESENTS W R D WAR I COMMEMORATIVE MEDAL
OL
TO FOUR VETERANS
Today, on the 75th anniversary of the Armistice which ended
World War I , President Clinton w i l l present commemorative medals
to four veterans of WWI during a v i s i t to the Martinsburg VA
Medical Center i n Martinsburg, West Virginia.
Receiving the medal w i l l be:
Mr. Benjamin M. Valentine, who served from June 1918 u n t i l
May 1919.
Mr. Ernest C. Deetjen, who served from June 1918 u n t i l
October 1919.
Mr. Robert Hannah, who served from September 1917 u n t i l June
1919.
Mr. Milton Garland, WWI veteran
The commemorative medal being presented to these veterans
honors the service of a l l World War I service personnel. I t was
commissioned and designed by the Robert R. McCormick Tribune
Foundation and the U.S. Army I n s t i t u t e of Heraldry. The medal
bears two inscriptions: "They came on wings of eagles," and "A
Grateful Nation Remembers."
###
�THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
November 11, 1993
REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT
AT VETERANS DAY BREAKFAST
The East Room
9:00 A.M.
EST
THE PRESIDENT:
Good morning.
Please be seated.
H i l l a r y and I and Secretary Aspin, Secretary Brown are
delighted to have you here. We wanted to begin t h i s Veterans Day
with the leaders of our veterans organizations, with the o f f i c i a l s of
the Veterans Administration, with many of our men and women i n
uniform today, especially those who distinguished themselves i n the
very d i f f i c u l t f i r e f i g h t in Somalia on October 3rd.
Some of those brave soldiers are here with us today, and
I know you've met them, but I'd l i k e to begin by j u s t asking them to
stand and be recognized and asking a l l of us to thank them.
Thank you very much.
(Applause.)
Our nation i s very proud of them and t h e i r comrades for
the bravery they showed on that day and for the work they continue to
do.
This i s an important Veterans Day, t h i s i s the 75th
anniversary of the end of World War I , a defining war for our nation
when our forebears decided that we could no longer be a t o t a l l y
isolated or i s o l a t i o n i s t country.
Later t h i s morning, during ceremonies at Arlington
Cemetery, I w i l l present a commemorative medal to Mr. Stanley
Coolbaugh, a veteran of the f i r s t world war who w i l l accept i t on
behalf of the 30,000 l i v i n g veterans of World War I . He was born in
another century in a r e l a t i v e l y young nation protected by vast
oceans. He was forced as a young man, along with our nation, to
answer a profound question which we s t i l l have to ask and answer
today: To what extent must America engage with the rest of the
world; to what extent can we j u s t stay home and mind our own
business?
Sometimes that answer i s easy, as i t was when we were
attacked at Pearl Harbor and entered the second world war. And as i t
became clear at the end of the second world war when we had to try to
contain the expansion of communism and engage i n the Cold War, an
effort which ultimately led to perhaps the greatest peacetime victory
in the world — the collapse of the Soviet empire.
Now today we have to ask some of the hard questions
again — about how much we should engage and whether we can withdraw.
Some of those d i f f i c u l t questions are being answered by our men and
women i n uniform a l l around the world. Some of them have to be
answered by those of us here in Washington on nonmilitary matters. I
want to say a special word of thanks in that regard to the American
Legion for enforcing the North American Free Trade Agreement. I said
the other day to Admiral Crowe, who i s here, that I was amazed that
there were so many senior military officers who had spontaneously
come up to me and said that they favored t h i s treaty. And he and
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others observed, well, i f you go to men in uniform who have been
around the world, you know what i t means to have the opportunity to
l i v e i n peace with your two biggest neighbors and to have commerce
and friendly cooperation and competition, and what i t means to l i v e
and grow together. So I thank you a l l for that.
This i s a day when the United States has to reaffirm i t s
commitment to our veterans. On Memorial Day we thank those veterans
who have given t h e i r l i v e s for our country and t h e i r families. Today
we thank those veterans who have given t h e i r service to our country
and who are s t i l l here among us and for whom we f e e l not only great
affection, but a profound sense of obligation.
On Memorial Day, I pledged that our government would
declassify v i r t u a l l y a l l the documents related to a l l individuals
held as prisoners of war or missing in action. To help answer
questions that have haunted too many families for too long. Some of
those questions may never by answered, but we have to t r y . And I can
t e l l you that as of l a s t night, in keeping with my commitment on
Memorial Day to f i n i s h t h i s job by Veteran's Day, we have done that.
We have d e c l a s s i f i e d a l l the relevant documents that we can to answer
the questions about the MIAs and the POWs.
Secondly, I had the opportunity yesterday to sign a
proclamation to honor our women's veterans and National Women's
Veterans Recognition Week, and to welcome to the office that I hold
now Diane Evans and the board of the Vietnam Women's Memorial
Project. They presented me with t h i s wonderful r e p l i c a of the statue
being dedicated today to recognize the s a c r i f i c e s of a l l the veterans
of the Vietnam War, and to further the process of healing and
reconciliation.
I t i s a magnificent work of a r t , gripping in so many
ways. And I know that today's ceremony w i l l grab the attention and
the emotions and the convictions of the American people.
Third, I am about to sign into law, an increase in the
cost of l i v i n g allowance for our disabled veterans. With the
leadership of relevant chairman in our Congress — Senator Jay
Rockefeller and Congressman Sonny Montgomery — t h i s new law w i l l
help 2.5 million American veterans and t h e i r families to keep pace
with the r i s i n g cost of l i v i n g .
And f i n a l l y , as you know, with the leadership of the
F i r s t Lady and many others, we are doing our best to provide health
security to a l l American people in a way that w i l l improve the access
and quality of veterans' health care in America. Of a l l the plans
that have been addressed to deal with the health care problem, ours
i s the only one that has made a serious effort to address the
concerns of our veterans. I'm very proud of that, and I thank a l l of
you who had anything to do with i t .
With these actions on t h i s Veterans Day, we continue a
contract we can never f u l f i l l to defend our nations security, to
defend the security in the interest of those who have served our
nation and made i t secure. I know that your service can never be
repaid i n f u l l , but i t can always be honored and must never be
forgotten. So today, as I sign t h i s law, l e t me t e l l you on behalf
of a grateful nation, we honor you, we w i l l not forget you, and we
are grateful for the security that you provide for a l l of us. Thank
you very much. (Applause.)
(The b i l l i s signed.)
END
9:07 A.M.
EST
�THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
November 10, 1993
REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT
AT W M N S VIETNAM MEMORIAL PRESENTATION
OE'
The Oval Office
1:17 P.M.
EST
THE PRESIDENT: I want to welcome Diane Evans and a l l
the members of the Vietnam Women's Memorial Project who are here to
do an unveiling of a model of the statue, which w i l l be formally
commemorated tomorrow on Veteran's Day. I have a few other remarks I
want to make i n a moment, but l e t me j u s t say that the people who
have worked on t h i s project deserve the thanks of the nation. They
have worked for years and years, and today and tomorrow are very big
days for them.
I wanted to give them the opportunity to be seen today
by the United States i n bringing t h i s model to the White House, where
i t w i l l be on permanent display. And I want to introduce Diane now
to say whatever she'd l i k e to say and then do the unveiling.
MS. EVANS: Thank you, President Clinton. Two hundred
and s i x t y - f i v e thousand women served during the Vietnam War around
the world. Tomorrow, on Veteran's Day, we w i l l dedicate t h i s
memorial honoring and remembering them. I t w i l l be the very f i r s t
monument i n our Nation's Capital honoring the American m i l i t a r y
woman.
As we do t h i s unveiling, I would l i k e to invite the
Vietnam veteran women, our board of directors for the Vietnam Women's
Memorial Project, to a s s i s t me.
project.
Dee Lippman from Connecticut i s the vice-chair of the
She served i n Japan during the Vietnam War.
This grand lady, Evangeline Jamison, served i n World War
I I , Korea and Vietnam.
Jane Carson served in the Army Nurse Corps for 27 years.
Jane i s our keynote speaker tomorrow.
Glenna Goodacre i s the sculptor. Without Glenna's
understanding heart and gifted hands and s k i l l f u l hands — show us
your hands, Glenna — (laughter.) I t took a l o t of t h i s and a l o t of
t h i s , because i t took l e g i s l a t i o n , as you know, to grant us the s i t e
to place t h i s memorial here i n the Nation's Capital. But i t took
Glenna to create t h i s monument so that i t could be approved by some
very tough commissions i n t h i s c i t y . (Laughter.)
The Commission of Fine Arts, chaired by Mr. Jay Carter
Brown and the National Capital Memorial Commission and the National
Capital Planning Commission; and, of course, Secretary Babbitt i s
here with us today. And without the National Park Service and their
wonderful support — truly, their wonderful support — we would not
be here.
Before we do t h i s unveiling, I would j u s t l i k e to say
that the Vietnam Women's Memorial Project t r u l y i s a testament to
grass roots, and what the grass roots can do when the grass roots
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gets behind an idea. The idea to place t h i s statue at the Vietnam
Veterans Memorial was r e a l l y a very simple idea. We've honored the
men — we have a statue there portraying men i n the flesh and blood,
i f you w i l l , a physical portrayal. Now we have the statue to the men
— i t ' s a very simple idea; we put a statue to the women there. But
that was 10 years ago. I t took us 10 years and enormous p o l i t i c a l
hurdles and bureaucratic nightmares to arrive at t h i s h i s t o r i c
occasion which w i l l take place tomorrow.
So, to the grassroots people, our thanks from the board
of directors goes to the people of America who got behind t h i s
effort, because they did want to say thank you to the women who
served i n Vietnam. For many years, we did wonder i f the nation
cared. Most of us came home from Vietnam i n 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971,
and we came home to a nation that was hostile towards us.
But tomorrow, we w i l l see that that has changed, because
the people of America are coming here tomorrow to say thank you to
the women. So with that —
MS. JAMISON: May I say a word? (Laughter.) You know,
seven years ago I learned that Diane's birthday i s the 10th of
November. I have celebrated her birthday with her every year since.
She has not been able to celebrate i t with her husband and children
— four beautiful children — but with me and some of us. So i t ' s
again, happy birthday, Diane. (Laughter and applause.)
MS. EVANS: A dream come true.
MS. JAMISON: Best birthday g i f t you ever had.
MS. GOODACRE: President Clinton, you understand that
t h i s i s the original mockette that was done from the sketches they
had that they did for the competition. And t h i s went through a l l the
commissions here i n Washington and was f i n a l l y approved. So we're
t e r r i b l y proud of the composition and the meaning that i t has so much
for the veterans — the men as well as the women.
I've had several men t e l l me " I identify with her;
that's how I f e l t . " And I had a man — when we were working on i t
the other day to polish i t , and he was t e l l i n g me that t h i s was his
son i n h i s mind, because he had died and he knew the l a s t face he saw
was a Vietnam nurse.
So t h i s i s a monument for healing, though. Where the
wall represents the men that died; these women took care of these
soldiers, and t h i s man i s going to l i v e . Those are my thoughts.
This lady i s , to me, with her hand on the nurses
shoulder, saying, "here come the medivac helicopters; hang on, we'll
get him out."
So i t i s a sculpture i n the round, and i n fact, you do
walk a l l around them.
THE PRESIDENT:
This i s wonderful.
(Applause.)
Secretary Babbitt, Mr. Brown, do you want to say
anything?
SECRETARY BABBITT: I t ' s a great pleasure to be here.
I t ' s r e a l l y incredible. I sense that t h i s brings t h i s mall together
in i t s meaning and i n i t s remembrance, and i t s healing effect. I
guess I'm j u s t r e a l l y pleased, Mr. President, to be the landlord.
THE PRESIDENT:
And you're about to witness the
transfer.
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MR. BROWN: Mr. President, I'd j u s t l i k e to make one
observation. I t appears to me that t h i s memorial here i s a l i v i n g
memorial. I t speaks to a l l people who pass by that freedom i s not
free; that there i s a cost for war when you place people i n armed
c o n f l i c t . And that I think i n that respect, i t w i l l serve our nation
very, very well as a symbol of peace, and the extent with which we
w i l l go to to make sure that peace comes about i n our world.
THE PRESIDENT: These documents, f i r s t of a l l , are
witnesses that I am going to sign attesting the conveyance of the
memorial to the Department of the Interior. This i s a proclamation
which names the National Women's Veterans Recognition Week that on
t h i s year i s Veteran's Day, to recognize the special importance of
that. So I am going to sign these with a l l these pens so that a l l
the people here can have —
(The Proclamation i s signed.)
MS. EVANS:
I t i s now o f f i c i a l .
(Laughter and
applause.)
President Clinton, we would l i k e to give you our
commemorative program to the celebration of patriotism and courage.
This i s l i k e a textbook about the women who served — s t o r i e s about
them, photographs of them. And i t w i l l be given to a l l women
veterans tomorrow at the dedication.
THE PRESIDENT:
Thank you.
Thank you a l l very much.
Q
Mr. President, we know you're happy with the
performance of the Vice President. I s there going to be any effect
on Capital H i l l ?
THE PRESIDENT: I think so.
the press conference i n a few minutes.
THE PRESS:
We'll t a l k more about i t i n
Thank you.
END
2:29 P.M. EST
�THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
November 8,
1993
EXECUTIVE ORDER
ORDER OF SUCCESSION OF OFFICERS TO
AS SECRETARY OF THE NAVY
ACT
By the authority vested in me as President by the
Constitution and the laws of the United States of America,
including section 3347 of t i t l e 5, United States Code, i t
i s hereby ordered as follows:
Section 1. Succession to the Authority of the Secretary of
the Naw.
(a) In the event of the death, permanent d i s a b i l i t y ,
or resignation of the Secretary of the Navy, the incumbents
holding the positions designated below, i n the order indicated,
s h a l l act for and exercise the powers of the Secretary of the
Navy:
(1)
The Under Secretary of the Navy.
(2) The Assistant Secretaries and General Counsel of
the Navy, i n the order fixed by t h e i r length of s e r v i ces
as permanent appointees in such positions.
(3)
The Chief of Naval Operations.
(4)
The Commandant of the Marine Corps.
(b) In the event of the temporary absence or temporary
d i s a b i l i t y of the Secretary of the Navy, the incumbents holding
the Department of the Navy positions designated i n paragraph (a)
of t h i s section, in the order indicated, s h a l l act for and
exercise the powers of the Secretary of the Navy.
(1) In these instances, the designation of an Acting
Secretary of the Navy applies only for the duration of the
Secretary's absence or d i s a b i l i t y , and does not a f f e c t the
authority of the Secretary to resume the powers of h i s
o f f i c e upon h i s return.
(2) In the event that the Secretary of the Navy i s
merely absent from t h i s position, the Secretary of the Navy
may continue to exercise the powers and f u l f i l l the duties
of h i s o f f i c e during h i s absence, notwithstanding the
provisions of t h i s order.
(c) Precedence among those o f f i c e r s designated i n
paragraph (a) of t h i s section who have the same date of
appointment s h a l l be determined by the Secretary of the
Navy at the time that such appointments are made.
(d) Notwithstanding paragraph (a) and (b) of t h i s section,
an o f f i c e r s h a l l not act for or exercise the powers of the
Secretary of the Navy under t h i s order i f that o f f i c e r serves
only in an acting capacity in the position that would otherwise
e n t i t l e him to do so.
more
(OVER)
�Sec. 2. Temporary Nature of Succession. Succession to
act for and exercise the powers of the Secretary of the Navy
pursuant to t h i s order s h a l l be on a temporary or interim
b a s i s and s h a l l not have the effect of vacating the statutory
appointment held by the successor.
WILLIAM J . CLINTON
THE WHITE HOUSE,
November 8, 1993.
# # #
�THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
November 9, 1993
VETERANS DAY, 1993
BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
A PROCLAMATION
Veterans Day i s a time for Americans to thank our Nation's
m i l i t a r y veterans for the s a c r i f i c e s they have made to defend
and preserve the blessings of l i b e r t y . During times of war and
times of peace, these men and women have ensured that future
generations would enjoy the l i f e , l i b e r t y , and pursuit of
happiness promised by our Nation's Founders. We have much to
learn from a l l who have served.
In the major wars and numerous smaller c o n f l i c t s fought by
our Nation's Armed Forces, our men and women i n uniform have
shaped our Nation through t h e i r great s a c r i f i c e s to safeguard
our freedom. Through the War of Independence and the many
wrenching c o n f l i c t s of the 19th century, Americans preserved
our Nation with t h e i r bravery and t h e i r commitment to duty and
country. I n the c o n f l i c t s of our century, men and women i n the
Armed Forces have successfully defended our security, freedom,
and ideals, helping to build America into a greater Nation.
On t h i s day, we should pay special tribute to the more than
27 m i l l i o n l i v i n g American veterans. Seventy-five years ago on
November 11, the Armistice was signed, ending World War I , "the
war to end a l l wars." More than 32,000 s o l d i e r s of the nearly
5 m i l l i o n who fought i n World War I are s t i l l l i v i n g , serving
as a reminder of the struggles through which they secured our
safety. Many more veterans from World War I I and the Korean
Conflict s t i l l serve t h e i r country as career s o l d i e r s and
c i v i l i a n s , tempered with the experience of war. Vietnam
veterans continue to help our Nation adjust to a new
international security environment often characterized by
regional c o n f l i c t s similar to the war i n which they fought.
Living veterans, having once served our country i n uniform,
now f i l l such key roles as teachers, police o f f i c e r s , business
owners, doctors, lawyers, government o f f i c i a l s , and volunteers,
sustaining our society secured by t h e i r service.
In a greater sense, t h i s day cannot f u l l y honor America's
veterans who have risked and s a c r i f i c e d t h e i r l i v e s . But we
can resolve to continue the struggle for freedom that they made
t h e i r duty and to dedicate our l i v e s to ensuring that t h e i r
v a l i a n t e f f o r t s s h a l l never have been i n vain.
In order that we may pay due tribute to those who have
served i n our Armed Forces, the Congress has provided (5 U.S.C.
6103(a)) that November 11 of each year s h a l l be s e t aside as a
legal public holiday to honor America's veterans.
more
(OVER)
�NOW, THEREFORE, I , WILLIAM J . CLINTON, President of
the United States of America, do hereby proclaim Thursday,
November 11, 1993, as "Veterans Day." I urge a l l Americans
to honor the resolution and commitment of our veterans through
appropriate public ceremonies and private prayers. I also c a l l
upon Federal, State, and local government o f f i c i a l s to display
the flag of the United States and to encourage and p a r t i c i p a t e
in p a t r i o t i c a c t i v i t i e s i n t h e i r communities. I i n v i t e c i v i c
and f r a t e r n a l organizations, churches, schools, businesses,
unions, and the media to support t h i s national observance with
suitable commemorative expressions and programs.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto s e t my hand t h i s
f i f t h day of November, i n the year of our Lord nineteen hundred
and ninety-three, and of the Independence of the United States
of America the two hundred and eighteenth.
WILLIAM J . CLINTON
#
#
#
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RESTRICTION
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COLLECTION:
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National Security Council
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FOLDER TITLE:
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b(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
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�SUPPLEMENT; Tuesday, October 19,1993
News/Opinion
REUTER TRANSCRIPT REPORT©
REMARKS BY SECRETARY OF DEFENSE
LES ASPIN
BEFORl THE ASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED
STATES ARMY (AUSA)
SHERATON WASHINGTON
WASHINGTON, DC
HOTEL,
MONDAY, OCTOBER It, 1093
SEC. ASPIN: Thank you. Tliank you, Jack
And tbonk you all for the very warm welcome. It's
tlwtys a litils bit of * roll of ihe dice to he
introduced by Jock Menitt (sp), but it if an hooor to
be hens at this event, eeruialy one of the major
evenu ia wy ft** id — is «ny year ia the dsfeme
butiocM,
My
friend Jeck Mcnitl (sp) tua bora kind
enough 1 have m 9peak to a whole number Q
0
e
f
gtiheheg of AUSA, ud when be invited me to ifcit
one, he wuted to nukeroretha; it would aappen.
Jack said I wasn't to worry about scheduling because
the Cold War was over, the Soviet Union was gone,
and things would surely be quiet.
Anyway, I want to start out and say how very
much we in the Peougon appreciate AUSA'a support
of a strong Mtioofil defense, and particularly a strong
U.S. Anny. As the presidect hat said, we are
commiiied to nuiataifiing ihe beat equipped, best
trained and most effective fighting force in the world.
AUSA is going to help us keep on track.
We've been shown again ia Somalia that what it
all comes down to is the individual sua or woman in
uniform. It i> their bravery, tbeur discipline, their
tnining that cany the day. In Somalia, we saw t
stmll group of American fighting mea stand their
ground, hour aftef hour, agauut wave after wave of
attackers and withering fiit. Once igain, our men
cfomonfttraiMi those qualities of dedication and valor
and coouttitsMitt that, are the hallmark of Americans
in uniform. Thanks to thenj, the citiiatioQ in Somalia
is itnproviag, aad I'm deeply gratified that u e have
>
Mik* Durant back safaly with u« aad that wa'r*
making pregrtt* on reeolviog the cricia in Somalia.
The irifte is Somalia, Haiti, and the liMftonu of
Operation Desen Storm vividly iUiutntc th,ie aaw
world of aeeurity threats that we son expect to face in
the post-Cold War era. When I cane into office in
January, ny fint job a* secretary of defense was to
ask a basic question whichreallyhadn't been a very
interesting question to ask for several decades. The
queation ia, in this new era, what exactly are we
buying our defense for?
To answer that question and tn begin to mhipa
the fortaa to deal with this pott-Cold War,
post-Soviet era, we did the bottom-upreview,it wu
a •tart.froin.ecraJah look at tha fore* ttructiue and
the militafy attatagy that wa will need for th* new
era. And we did it ia very clot* coopeiation with tha
joint staffs and with tha various military urvioaa. It
helped us draw up a comprehensive blueprint to
restructure our foreee. And we juat published the full
text of the bottom-wp review, and I think we want to
offer you all a chance to get a copy, becauae I think
you all would be very, very interested.
Today I'd like to talk about one of the major
couclusious that we drew from that bottom-up
review. That it thai the dangers of the new era will
reinforce the importance of the United State* Army.
It will redefine the Army's miss!oris, and It will
require us to reshape the Army some so it can
respond lo those new missions. In short, the Amy
Mill have, under the bottom-up review as we thought
through it, three key missions. One Is to maintain a
strong U.S. military presence overseas. Second, to
respond to andfightand win major regional conflicts.
And, number three, to conduct peacekeeping or
peacemflbng opentiou - peacekeeping, peace
enforcemcnt. And we're trying to understand how to
do all of these in the new world and to do them
better.
Let me take each of them very briefly, one at a
tine, aad what the bottom-up review shows about
what is different in this new era about how we do
each of those three things.
Fint. the overseas presence. There will be a big
change here, ud I would like to outline that change.
During the Cold War. we knew where the trouble
would come if it did. We stationed our forces in
Europe, chiefly in Germany, to deter and defend
agtiittst tha iavaaion of tha forces by the Wanaw
Pact. W* had forces niao in Korea and also in Japan.
In those placw. wa built training areas to keep up our
akills. In tome caaea, Oennaay, we brought ovav
depeodenu to ecce tha burden of family Mparation.
We created creature comforts nimniaceot of home to
keep up morale and to keap up spirits. These are
_
-
�SUPPLEMENT:
Tuesday, October 19,1M3
10nw of ihe thiagt thai an going to be chugiog in I
big way.
The strategy still calls for the Anny to maintain
tuhsttMial pieuflca in Europe and in Asia. In
gweral, that's not a major change, although we will
•Ulioa ftw/ar forces in thaw familiar places overseas.
But the new Army will also nmd to engage in a new
piMaaco. Wa will want to deesonstrite our
oomnutmest by having forward forces. We'll want to
train with th* foroas of other nations.
And we'll wimt ~ aad we will want to have
forward forces to help quickly raiaforee a racponse to
regional aggression should it occur.
But we won't necessarily know where the next
trouble spot is, which means that our joldiera will be
staying ovnwass. aometimce for extended periods in
ciicumstancea that are quite different from our
pennanent pnuccco in Europe or in Asia. Soldiers
wlil leave home for a period of time, butrotate— but
they'll need torotateback to sharpen their fighting
skills and to rejoin their families- It's a new
challenge. It's one we will meet, but It's one we will
have to work at. New presence, different places, and
a whole different aulcude towards the kinds of things
that we had to - how do you keep up morale? How
do you keep families together? How do you keep up
training? Difl'entnt challenges In the new presence.
The second key mission is we go to the opposite
end of the spectrum from presence, and those are
major regiooal conflicts, Desert Storm being, of
course, exhibit A. In the world today we own this
franchise; the United States military owns this
franchise; no one is is our league. In Operation
Desert Storm, the U.S. Army demonstrated that it
owns the battlefield day and sight. What we saw in
Desert Storm was a long time building. It was the
work of officers who stayed on to build a better
Army in the post-Vietnam yean.
But tomorrow is going to be even more
demanding, and if we keep our edge we need to keep
working at improving. Hen I particularly want to
reoogBiie the work by the Army's Chief of Stiff
General Qordon Sullivan on his vision for
tmnsfonmsg America's Army for the fiitura. Tha
talent, profeesionaHtm and deritcatioa that we see in
today's Amy are what will make that transformation
poccibl*.
W* are no longer pluming to face a massive
Soviet miiitary coming scross the FukU Gap. Today
the Amy must be able to respond to crises anywhere
in the world. The Gulf War unveiled the beginnings
of the new principles we need for this new world,
and there's a couple of them. They are old principles
in the sense that we saw them at work at Doert
Storm; we need to improve on them to deal with the
nest Desert Storm, wherever it might take place.
Fint we sas - this fint principle ia sas tha
enemy btfcie he sees you. If wa know whara we are
aad know where the enemy it, we can ouMaafleuver
him; w* can eat him up to eutprise him, engage him
and defeat him on termsfevorsbteto us. We did this
wall ia DMMI Storm, but w* have to do it better ia
tha future, aad we will do it a lot better by creating
aa information highway on taa battlefield.W* saw
some of it in thefilmhere that was talked about - it
talked about a little of this.
We have a new set of high tech oquiptaent
eomiflg through Amy development to digitiie the
battlefield,totake all the data that wc get frum our
Benson thai see where the enemy and friendly forces
are, process it through our computers and deliver it
to everyone, from the field cotmnanden down to the
crews and the tanks and the Bradley fighting vehicles.
Wjth t&ia new awareness of the battlefield, we can
think faster and out-maneuver the enemy. That was
demonstrated - a little bit of U was demonstrated in
the film which we ssw at the beginning of the
program.
The second principle is shoot the enemy before
be shoots you. Once we're preptrtd to engage in
battle, we've got a new set of weapons that will allow
us to get off thefirstshot and destroy the enemy
before he can firt back. We've got new gun sights,
ihermo- imaging, computerized adjustments fbr
windage and the like. We've got new amort
munitions, and with our new vision devices, we'U
own the night like we've never owned it before.
Id short, the new Amy will be able to
outmaneuver, outsee and outshoot our enemies ia
najot regional conflicts. In this way, the new Army
is going to kaep the franchisa that it now owns.
Which brings us to the third misaioa - Jack
Merritt (sp) maotionad it ia his opening eoaunaota. It
iahibits the middle ground b*tw*«o preaeaoc
operations aad the full force of a major regional
conflict, and that miseion is pease operations. This is
a controvereiel subject today. In fact, with the current
�SUPPLEMENT: Twtday, October 19,1993
mood Of the nation would indic*tc tfcai wc bo leu
Ukely to to dobg thoac tniMioaa nllicr UMB matt
likely. But I don't west to talk here today about
wbetber Of whao we abould do this miaaion. Whether
Or when ia a difTercat speech for a different ticoc.
What I'd like to talk about here today for a
minute or two is bow we can do these missioas better
because unless someone can- assure me that we will
never do these missions again, 1 believe we have ro
know how to carry them out the best that we cot
Toward that end, we are planning a series of studies
of peace operations - ours and examples from history
from other examples of other countries at other
times. What we do - what we're hoping to do is
gaining insight and information that will stipplement
the efforts of the individual services to understand
•nd to perfonn these new, difficslt missions. The
Army will dearlyfigureheavily in ail of this. The
United - the entire U.S. military is playing a number
of imporunt roles in peace opentions, but in the end,
peace operatioss are a job that gets done on the
ground, which means that it's a job for the Army.
There are three key areas to examine if we want
to understand how we might do this mission better:
one, training; two, equipment; three, therightmix of
forces in thefield.Just a moment on each of these in
sequence.
Training: the tnuniag that our forces receive to
meet * traditional adversary on the battlefield might
not always equip those forces to deal with some of
the challenges that can arise in a peace operation.
We're begiimiAg to look at what that means. Today's
selected units at the company and battalion levels are
raceiving peacekeeping aad paace aaforcee&eat
mining alotag with their primary tnining for fighting
and wiaaing wart. In Addition, oae* U.S. troops are
altered to deployment to a particular peace operation,
they receive oore intensive training for the missioas
that they cnpecit to execute ia that pertiwlar cane. Per
example, wh«a the Army's Tenth Mountain Divistoa
was alerted fci deploymeat to Somalia, it
kamediatelY begaa to train for situitions it aught
encountn in- country, such as dealing with the
technicals, or cD&trcUing hostile crowds, or seeichug
Somali vomea tor weapons without violating Muslim
seasitivitles. T&is kind of gpecialiied training could
be a vital element in preparing our troops for this
mission.
What we are doing is stanteg to reexamine how
we an going about this, looking for those special
requiremeaU.
Secondly, peace operations might also require
•peoialized equipment. Because these operations
require our fotvae to perfonn tasks that are
•ubstaattally differentfromthoee on the battlefield,
the equipment might include other kinds of
capsbilitiea than we have now - for example,
specialLzcd sensors to monitor border traffic or to
monitor the perimeters of demilitarized SODOS or the
perimcien of demobiliration camps. If you had that
kind of equipment, it would reduce the demand for
foot patrols. Equipment might also include non- lethal
technologies for crowd control or for dealing with
hostile civilians. We're looking at alt of these and
new options for the new amy.
It is said that necessity is the mother of
invention, and in an era offlnlteresources, no one it
going to spend a lot of money inventing things which
are not necessary. If we're going to do these
missions, new isventiotu may be necessary. We want
to exsmine our experience in Somalia and the
experience of others elsewhere to see what might be
necessaary in the future.
Pesce operations might, thirdly, require a special
mix of forces. The traditional mix of troops and
equipment for conventional engagement might not be
therightmix for peace enforcement. For example,
we might need a greater emphasis in the peace
eaforoetneni role on human intelligence assets on the
ground to compensate for shortcomings of high-tech
devices in a low-tech or no-tech environment. Ws
may need greater emphasis on civil affairs
components to work with local leaden and
non-govammental orgsnizations. And we may need
substantial pcyehological opmationf to provide an
eltamativ* source of information to the local
population and to increase local support for an
operation.
Tbeee new missions are Wing eoafiidered by
each of the individual seivicea, but more is going to
be aeeeaaary. We rvocntly stood up, as I'm sure you
saw of it the U.S. Atlaatie Command as a joint
CCtmnaad to be reaponsible for providing force
packagea from foreea baaed in the continental United
;
Suies to the war-fighting CINCs. Pan of
USACOM's responsibility wilt be the overaigbi of
tnining and readiness fbr peace operations, and
we're counting O them to do a major bulk of a lot of
h
this stew analysis and new thinking.
CCMnNUED NEXT PAGE
3
�SUPPLEMENT: Tuo>ti>y, Octobor 16,1003
On top of ail of thcw capabililiat, there'a
lostBthing dss that paaca opention foicea must have,
and that isflexibility.As Somslia iUustntes, the
operations must adapt to chaegiag situations, they
must aditpt tn changing missions, and they must
change in tactics utd sua.
better in its life than it wu at Desert Storm, so thai'*
considered the peak year. Then, we're looking at the
mid-yearfigures,and then we look at where we
ended up this year, u>i we'U compare it to 1980,
which is considered the bottom year, the year of the
hollow military.
So, we must be able to a4jusi the composition,
mix and capability of forces on the run over the
courae of a wbole opetwioc
Take fint high school graduates. At the Desert
Stonn peak, 97 percuai of Amy recruits were high
school graduataa. At mid-year this year, the Amy
was taking in 89 pertott high school graduates. Now,
I'm happy to repon that the results st the end of the
year for the full year are much better than they wen
What it all means is that building these kind of
forces for peace operations are going to take time. It
took time to build ±» magnificent force tiut
conducted Operation Dw.f< Storm. Bui we're looking
closely at new operaiionsl strategies for pesce
enforcemsnt and at new tochnologies in the areas of
surveiUsnce. precision strike, and ooolethal
weaponry. Iff all pan of building our forces far the
post-Cold War threat.
Ia tha final analysis, though, as the film has said
vary, very al&qu«at!y hem this morning, in the final
anilyeis, the Airoy't abrttty to mmt all of tbtse
pa*t»Cold Ww tyiiM-icei ?Mts on one thing, which is
the quality of the individual aoldtars, U'e ata
daiermined to mtamttia the high quality of the poopl*
in the United State* miiit&ry and in the United States
Anny. Ws mutt wciiitdunatad, highly professional,
highly motivated t*am» of the kind of quality of tfee
oix new rfloruits (hat we MW hvre being iaductod iato
the Army here this morning.
So far, I mhappy to report wears getting them.
Early this y«r, w« ww what tould have been some
troubling *igns its therecruitmeniarea. You may
remember press reports about them. Mid- year
statistics - mid-flKai- year mtistics for the Army
recruited sug$tf'.ed that perhaps quality was slipping.
We've watched chase numbers very cettfiilly, and
now, as thefiscalyear ended on October 1st, we
have some good new* to repon. Apparently, the lag
in the qualiry ofrecruitsthat was reported at
mid-year was mostly a seasonal problem, one that
had appeared before. But we've come back ctnmg ia
the second half of the year, and the numbers for the
entire year era much better than they were for the
nutnben for thefirsthalf.
I'd like to give you seine of those cumbers just
to see bow the Amy - so that you see how the
Anny is doing. Firal - we're goingtoexplain thtse
numbers ia three psrts. Pint, the Desert Storm is the
peak period. The United States military ww never
for the half year. For th* full year. 95 percent are
high school graduates, and that's clearly meeting the
goal that the Amy has set. Just for perspective, tha
comparablefigurefor 1980 at the depth of the hollow
force, the figure was 68 percsnt high school
graduates. So, high school grsduatee, the peak year
was - the beet y*ar was 91 percent; this year, the
year just ended on October 1st, it's 05 percent.
Enlistment test results, upper half, lower half.
What perceauge of recruits ««ored in the top half of
th* test? In Desert Storm, peak year ever, it was this ia Amy figures. In Deeert Storm, it was 72
percent scored in the top half. At the mid-year thia
year, for thefirstsix montki, it was 66 percent.
It looked like a little bit of a slip. When the full
year's numbers come in fbr the full year, it turns out
that, for the full year, we'll get - that the Army got
70 percent of them m the top half of the test. And
again, for perspective, in 1980, thefigurewas just 37
percent. So again, the numbers wens in Desert stonn
72 percent of the new enlistments scored in the top
half of the test. This last yearfinishedwith 70
percent - almost as good, about 2 percentage points
lower.
Finally, we look at the numben of the two
categories combined - high school grade who scored
high in the test. In Desert Storm, it was 69 peiceat of
therecruitsboth had a high school graduation
certificate and scored in the lop half of the test. At
midyear, the number was 58 percent, but. fbr the full
year came back strong. The number is 66 percent. In
every one of these cases, it's about 2 or 3 percentage
points below what it was in the peak year fbr Desert
Storm, which is better than it looked like we ware
going to be for the year when we looked at it at the
midyear.
So I think we're doingfine.We're doing okay.
OCNTQtfM) NEXT PAGE
A
�SUPPLEMENT; Tu»aday, Octobor 10,1003
ASPIN., .aONIPiUBP
But tlM Army i* not eotapltcmu tai nititW is
finyoo* in (h« PmUgoa MmpUeent about tba quality
We can't afford to be. That ia tha broad and butter of
llac operatifiit. TLat is where we will Uva and die in
the future. TJut is what is going to make itforUS, is
to make sure we keep up that quality, even though
that's the thing th£t has suffsred srvary other time this
cowotiy has gone into a dowuiabg of tl>« military.
it's oat tha downsiang of the aulifery that needs
to be worrying us. If we do it smartly, we'll be okay
- doing U smartly, meaniag make military careers
attractive for people who have a lot of other things to
do with their Uvea. We still need to cuke this an
attractive Job tar them to do and to attnet the quality
of people, because the challenges out there are even
more demanding. We need more initiative, We noed
more tntelllgeoce in therecruitsthan we did during
the Cold War. We seed It all, aad we seed It as
much as we've ever needed anything in our life.
The new missions of the Army mean that
Amertee's soldiers will have greater demands than
ever before. The challenges that we can offer to
young people coming into - the initiative, the ability
to do things for themselvee, pojirion* where they're
going to have to make choices for themaelvea, think
for ihemaclves is much greater than it was during the
Cold War. But evea as we coosider how to do our
saw misaions, we have to keep sight of the fact that
our priiusiy missiou is to deter and, if necessary, to
defeat our adversaries at war. W m s keep our
e ut
war-fighting edge.
Let me just close by saying this: All of at the
Pentagon share the president's c m im n to the
o mt e t
best-trained, best-equipped, m s effective fighting
ot
force in the world, and we urge your attention to
this, and we are grateful for your attention to this
issue. B working together, you and us, w will
y
e
achieve what we seek. Thank you all very much.
�THE WHITE HOUSE
O f f i c e o f the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
October 8, 1993
REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT
BEFORE DEPARTING THE WHITE HOUSE FOR N W JERSEY
E
The South Lawn
12:20
P.M. EDT
Q
Are you going t o support Les Aspin?
THE PRESIDENT: Well, yes. I mean — What i s the
question i n reference to? I'm s o r r y .
Q
I n reference t o a l l t h e complaints on C a p i t o l H i l l
about h i s —
THE PRESIDENT: Well, I w i l l say again, I asked
Secretary Aspin why t h e e x t r a — weren't sent t o Somalia. He said t o
me t h a t when they were asked f o r , t h e r e was a, no consensus among t h e
J o i n t Chiefs t h a t i t should be done. And he normally r e l i e d on t h e i r
reaching a consensus recommendation on an issue l i k e t h a t , a m i l i t a r y
And secondly t h a t i t was never suggested t o him t h a t
they were needed f o r t h e kind of defensive purposes t h a t i t ' s been
speculated t h a t they're u s e f u l f o r d u r i n g t h i s l a s t r a i d . That i t
was o n l y f o r o f f e n s i v e purposes. And t h a t i t was h i s best judgement
t h a t we were t r y i n g t o get the p o l i t i c a l t r a c k going again and we
d i d n ' t want t o send a s i g n a l t h a t we were t r y i n g t o conduct more
offense i n Somalia. He also said i f anybody had made t h e defensive
argument, t h a t would have been an e n t i r e l y d i f f e r e n t t h i n g . And
obviously i f he had known then what he knows now, he would have made
a d i f f e r e n t decision.
Q
Mr. President, d i d you know about t h e request i n
advance, s i r ?
THE PRESIDENT:
Did I know? No.
Were you t o l d — and also do you t h i n k
—
THE PRESIDENT: No. And I was t a l k i n g t o General Powell
on a v e r y regular basis about t h i s whole t h i n g . This was not
something t h a t anybody brought t o me d i r e c t l y .
Q
Why won't the Somali warlords j u s t go underground
for s i x months and w a i t f o r us t o get out and then declare v i c t o r y ?
Why — i s n ' t there a danger i n g i v i n g them a deadline when we're
going t o get out?
THE PRESIDENT: Well, i t might happen. But keep i n
mind, we're going t o wind up — we — by then t h e r e should be an even
l a r g e r U.N. force t h e r e . And t h a t ' s our o b j e c t i v e . We w i l l have
stayed — i n s i x months, we w i l l have been there w e l l over a year
longer than we ever committed t o stay.
So we w i l l have given them w e l l over a year longer, more
personnel and more e f f o r t s i n t h i s endeavor. We have o b l i g a t i o n s
elsewhere. I n c l u d i n g t h i s very important e f f o r t t h a t we've invested
a l o t i n i n H a i t i , t o t r y t o support t h a t . So, I j u s t don't believe
t h a t we can be i n a p o s i t i o n of s t a y i n g longer than t h a t .
MORE
�- 2 -
I also t h i n k once we send a s i g n a l t o them t h a t we're
not going t o t o l e r a t e people messing w i t h us or t r y i n g t o h u r t our
people or t r y i n g t o i n t e r r u p t the U.N. mission, t h a t we have no
i n t e r e s t i n denying anybody access t o p l a y i n g a r o l e i n Somalia's
p o l i t i c a l f u t u r e . I t h i n k a mixed message has been sent out there i n
the l a s t couple of months by people who are doing the r i g h t t h i n g .
Our people are doing the r i g h t t h i n g . They're t r y i n g t o keep our
f o l k s a l i v e , t r y i n g t o keep the peace keeping mission going, t r y i n g
t o get the food out there. But we need t o c l e a r l y s t a t e ,
unambiguously, t h a t our j o b i s not t o decide who gets t o play a r o l e
i n post-war Somalia. That we want the p o l i t i c a l process t o work. So
l e t ' s give i t a chance t o work and see i f i t does.
Thank you.
12:25P.M. EDT
�THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For
Immediate Release
October 4, 1993
PRESIDENT NAMES DEFENSE OFFICIALS
President C l i n t o n announced h i s i n t e n t i o n today t o nominate
p u b l i c h e a l t h expert Stephen C. Joseph t o be Assistant Secretary
of Defense f o r Health A f f a i r s ; former Pentagon o f f i c i a l Richard
Danzig t o be Under Secretary of the Navy; and economic p o l i c y
s p e c i a l i s t Joshua Gotbaum t o be Assistant Secretary of Defense
f o r Economic Security.
"The people who we are adding t o our Pentagon team today are
recognized experts i n t h e i r f i e l d s and dedicated p u b l i c
servants," said President C l i n t o n . " I welcome t h e i r service a t
the Department of Defense."
The President also announced the appointment of 18 people t o
senior DoD posts not r e q u i r i n g confirmation by the Senate. They
are:
C l i f f Bernath, Deputy Assistant t o the Assistant Secretary
f o r Operations
Joel Resnick, Deputy Assistant Secretary f o r Reserve
A f f a i r s / S t r a t e g i c Plans and Analysis
Helen Forbeck, Senior Professional, Defense Reinvestment
Assistance Task Force
John Rogers, Deputy A s s i s t a n t S e c r e t a r y f o r L e g i s l a t i v e A f f a i r s /
Plans & Operations
Mark Wagner, Special Assistant t o the Assistant Secretary f o r
Economic Security
John Goodman, Special Advisor f o r Defense Conversion
and Technology
Sheila Cheston, Deputy General Counsel of the A i r Force
Dr. Larry Caviaiola, Deputy Under Secretary/Acquisition
Operations
Audrey Sheppard, Chief of Protocol
Steven Preston, Deputy General Counsel
Shelia Helm, Special Assistant t o the Secretary/Personnel
(more)
�October 4, 1993
page two
Dr. Kenneth Flamm, P r i n c i p a l Deputy A s s i s t a n t Secretary f o r
A c q u i s i t i o n (Dual Use Technology and I n t e r n a t i o n a l Programs)
Joseph Berger, D i r e c t o r , Peacekeeping/Peace Enforcement/Office
of the A s s i s t a n t Secretary f o r P o l i c y (Democracy and
Peacekeeping)
Robert Bayer, Deputy A s s i s t a n t Secretary/Economic
Reinvestment
and Base Realignment and Closure
Carolyn Becraft, Deputy A s s i s t a n t Secretary/Personnel & Readiness
(Personnel Support, Families & Education)
Mary E l l e n Harvey, A s s i s t a n t Deputy Under Secretary/Logistics
Systems Development
Roy W i l l i s , P r i n c i p a l A s s i s t a n t Deputy Under Secretary/Logistics
Amy Hickox, D i r e c t o r of Outreach America/Office of the A s s i s t a n t
Secretary (Reserve A f f a i r s )
Biographical sketches of these nominees and appointees
follow:
Stephen C. Joseph i s Dean of the School of Public Health a t
the U n i v e r s i t y of Minnesota. From 1986-90, he was Commissioner
of Health of New York C i t y . P r i o r t o t h a t , he had served as
Special Coordinator f o r Child Health and S u r v i v a l f o r the United
Nations Children's Fund. He also served as Chief of P e d i a t r i c s
at G r e n f e l l Regional Health Services i n Newfoundland, and w i t h
the Agency f o r I n t e r n a t i o n a l Development i n Central A f r i c a and i n
Washington. He was a Peace Corps Physician i n Nepal f o r two
years during h i s f i v e year term as a Commissioned O f f i c e r w i t h
the United States Public Health Service.
A graduate of Harvard College and the Yale U n i v e r s i t y School
of Medicine, Joseph holds an M.P.H. from Johns Hopkins and served
h i s i n t e r n s h i p and residency i n P e d i a t r i c s a t the Boston
Children's Medical Center. He i s a member o f the I n s t i t u t e of
Medicine and a Fellow of the American Academy of P e d i a t r i c s and
the American Public Health Association.
Richard Danzig has been a partner i n the Washington, D.C.
law f i r m of Latham and Watkins. During the Carter
A d m i n i s t r a t i o n , he served as P r i n c i p a l Deputy A s s i s t a n t Secretary
of Defense f o r Manpower, Reserve A f f a i r s and L o g i s t i c s . He had
previously taught law at Stanford and Harvard U n i v e r s i t i e s , and
been a law c l e r k t o Supreme Court J u s t i c e Byron White.
Danzig
was born i n New York C i t y i n 1944. He graduated from Reed
College and Yale Law School, and holds a Ph.D. from Oxford
U n i v e r s i t y , where he was a Rhodes Scholar.
(more)
�October 4, 1993
page three
Josh Gotbaum i s a general partner a t Lazard Freres & Co.,
where he s p e c i a l i z e s i n mergers and a c q u i s i t i o n s , r e s t r u c t u r i n g ,
and other complex f i n a n c i a l t r a n s a c t i o n s . I n a d d i t i o n , Gotbaum
has held a number of p o s i t i o n s i n government, i n c l u d i n g
L e g i s l a t i v e A s s i s t a n t t o Senator Gary Hart and Associate D i r e c t o r
f o r Economics on the Carter Administration's White House Domestic
Policy s t a f f . He holds a B.A. from Stanford, an M.P.P. from the
Kennedy School of Government and a J.D. from Harvard Law School.
C l i f f Bernath devoted 21 years t o m i l i t a r y s e r v i c e i n c l u d i n g
a tour i n Vietnam, command of two companies, and a v a r i e t y o f
s t a f f jobs, most r e c e n t l y assigned as Executive A s s i s t a n t and
D i r e c t o r f o r Management t o the Special A s s i s t a n t t o the Secretary
of Defense (Public A f f a i r s ) .
Joel Resnick has 3 5 years experience working on the
t e c h n i c a l , resource, m i l i t a r y and p o l i t i c a l issues a f f e c t i n g
f u t u r e U.S. m i l i t a r y forces. His experience spans a wide range
of s e t t i n g s : a f e d e r a l l y funded research center (MIT L i n c o l n
Laboratory); the Executive Branch (ACDA, OSD and the I n t e l l i g e n c e
Community); p r i v a t e industry (SAIC); and most r e c e n t l y , t h e
Congress (House Armed Services Committee).
Helen Forbeck served f o r two years as Ombudswoman i n
Congressman Les Aspin's F i r s t Congressional O f f i c e , and i s a
former Member and President of the B e l o i t C i t y Council i n
Wisconsin.
John Rogers gained l e g i s l a t i v e expertise from h i s experience
as D i r e c t o r of the Senate Democratic Caucus i n Wisconsin, and as
Les Aspin's D i s t r i c t D i r e c t o r .
Mark Wagner previously served as Executive D i r e c t o r f o r the
Wisconsin Procurement I n s t i t u t e , Inc. p r o v i d i n g procurement
assistance t o defense c o n t r a c t o r s i n the area of f e d e r a l
a c q u i s i t i o n p o l i c y and manufacturing technology. P r i o r t o t h a t ,
he served as the D i s t r i c t Ombudsman f o r the O f f i c e of Rep. Les
Aspin developing economic development p r o j e c t s f o r l o c a l
communities.
John Goodman has been an Associate Professor a t Harvard
Business School since 1987, teaching and researching i n the areas
of strategy, i n t e r n a t i o n a l business, and economic p o l i c y . He has
published a v a r i e t y of books and a r t i c l e s , as w e l l as taught
executive education and advanced management courses. Mr. Goodman
i s a member of the Council on Foreign Relations.
(more)
�October 4, 1993
page four
Sheila Cheston has served since A p r i l , 1983 as the General
Counsel of the Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission.
P r i o r t o t h a t , she served as a partner w i t h the law f i r m of
Wilmer, Cutler, and Pickering representing f o r e i g n and domestic
c l i e n t s , i n c l u d i n g p u b l i c i n t e r e s t groups. E a r l i e r i n her l e g a l
career, Ms. Cheston was Adjunct Professor of I n t e r n a t i o n a l C i v i l
L i t i g a t i o n a t Georgetown U n i v e r s i t y Law Center.
Larry Cavaiola previously served as a p r o f e s s i o n a l s t a f f
member and then Deputy S t a f f D i r e c t o r f o r the House Committee on
Armed Services. He also served a P r i n c i p a l Analyst w i t h the
Congressional Budget O f f i c e and as an Operations Research Analyst
w i t h the A s s i s t a n t Secretary f o r Program Analysis and Evaluation,
OSD. Dr. Cavaiola i s the author of several magazine a r t i c l e s on
defense matters.
Audrey Sheppard played an a c t i v e r o l e i n the Clinton/Gore
campaign as D i r e c t o r of the Women's Advisory Council. Since 1987
she worked as a self-employed p u b l i c a f f a i r s c o n s u l t a n t t o
various c l i e n t s i n c l u d i n g the Wolf Trap Foundation For The
Performing A r t s , Wisconsin Pharmacal, and The I n t e r n a t i o n a l
I n s t i t u t e For Women's P o l i t i c a l Leadership.
Steven Preston i s a partner i n the law f i r m of Wilmer,
Cutler & Pickering where he i s engaged i n t r i a l and a p p e l l a t e
l i t i g a t i o n p r a c t i c e , w i t h an emphasis on f e d e r a l s e c u r i t i e s .
P r i o r t o t h i s Mr. Preston was a v i s i t i n g Fellow/Staff Attorney
w i t h the Center f o r Law i n the Public Interest/Advocates f o r the
Public I n t e r e s t and as a Law Clerk f o r the Honorable P h y l l i s A.
K r a v i t c h on the U.S. Court of Appeals.
Shelia Helm gained experience i n the human resources f i e l d
as Deputy D i r e c t o r , C i v i l i a n Personnel D i r e c t o r a t e f o r the U.S.
T o t a l Army Personnel Agency, and as C i v i l i a n Personnel O f f i c e r ,
U.S. Amy M i l i t a r y D i s t r i c t of Washington. Ms. Helm attended the
U.S. Army War College's classes on resourcing and management of
force c a p a b i l i t i e s from 1991 t o 1992.
Kenneth Flamm was a Senior Fellow a t the Brookings
I n s t i t u t i o n s performing economic research. He was also an
Assistant Professor of Economics a t the U n i v e r s i t y of
Massachusetts and as a Consultant t o the I n s t i t u t e f o r Future
Technology, the U.S. Department of J u s t i c e , and the O f f i c e o f
Technical Assessment.
(more)
�October 4,
page f i v e
1993
Joseph Berger devoted 27 years t o m i l i t a r y service i n c l u d i n g
a tour i n Vietnam, various s t a f f p o s i t i o n s and most r e c e n t l y two
policy-making p o s i t i o n s i n the O f f i c e of the J o i n t S t a f f : Chief
of the Middle East/Africa/UN D i v i s i o n and Chief of the Middle
East Branch. Mr. Berger a t t a i n e d the rank of Colonel i n the U.S.
Army.
•Robert Bayer has an extensive background i n the executive
and l e g i s l a t i v e branches dealing w i t h U.S. m i l i t a r y force
s t r u c t u r e and supporting base i n f r a s t r u c t u r e . Since 1983 he has
served as a professional s t a f f member of the Senate Committee on
Armed Services. P r i o r t o t h a t he served as a l e g i s l a t i v e
a s s i s t a n t t o Senator Sam Nunn. Mr. Bayer r e t i r e d from the U.S.
A i r Force a t the rank of Lieutenant Colonel.
Carolyn Becraft has twenty years experience i n p u b l i c p o l i c y
formulation, communications and o r g a n i z a t i o n a l development f o r
n o n - p r o f i t and governmental organizations.
Ms. Becraft i s
c u r r e n t l y a consultant at Women's Research & Education I n s t i t u t e
and i s involved i n the Army's programs t o address the needs of
women and f a m i l i e s i n the m i l i t a r y . Ms. Becraft was the D i r e c t o r
f o r Women's Equity Action League from 1982 t o 1987.
Mary E l l e n Harvey i s a c i v i l i a n expert i n the area of Army
logistics.
Currently she i s a consultant t o the Department of
the Army and p r i v a t e sector contractors supporting the Department
of Defense, focusing on e f f o r t s t o s h i f t the l o g i s t i c s management
paradigm w i t h i n the Defense Community. P r i o r t o t h a t , she held
the p o s i t i o n s of Special Assistant and Deputy D i r e c t o r of Supply
& Maintenance, O f f i c e of the Deputy Chief of S t a f f f o r L o g i s t i c s ,
HQ, Dept. of the Army.
i?oy W i l l i s began h i s m i l i t a r y service i n 1969, completed a
tour i n Vietnam, and a t t a i n e d the rank of Colonel i n the U.S.
Army. He served as Commander of the Army Depot and c u r r e n t l y as
Chief i n the Army Management D i v i s i o n , O f f i c e of the Assistant
Secretary of the Army ( I n s t a l l a t i o n s , L o g i s t i c s & Environment).
Amy Hickox joined the Defense Department as an a s s i s t a n t t o
the Immediate O f f i c e of the Secretary. Formerly, she worked on
the House Armed Services Committee.
#
#
#
�OCT
93 9:02
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PAGE.001
NEWS RELEASE
O F F I C E O F ASSISTANT S E C R E T A R Y O F D E F E N S E
(PUBLIC A F F A I R S )
WASHING I ON. n C • 20301
r - L C A S E N O T E OATF"
IMMEDIATE RELEASE
October 4,1993
No. 454-93
(703) 697-5131 (media)
(703) 697-31S9 (copies)
GENERAL GEORGE A. JOULWAN NOMINATED AS NEW SACEUR
Secretary of Defense Les Aspin announced today that President Clinton has nominated
Army General George A. Joulwan, as Supreme Allied Commander Europe and Commander-inChief, United States Ejiopean Command. Joulwan, who currently commands U.S. Southern
Command. Quairy Heights, Panama, has been approved by NATO.
As Supreme Allied Commander. Europe, Joulwan would command all allied forces
assigned by their nations to support NATO. As Cotranander-in-Chiaf, European Command,
Joulwan would also command all U.S. forces assigned to the European Command theater,
which includes Europe, Israel and pans of Africa.
Joulwan graduated from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point in 1961 and was
commissioned a second lieutenant in the Infantry. He served two combat tours in Vietnam, as
a company commander and as brigade opentions officer and deputy division operations officer
for the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault).
Joulwan has commanded at the company, battalion, brigade and division levels in
Germany, and served aa the Deputy Chief of Staff, Operations fbr U.S. Army, Europe. He
also served in a joint assignment as special assistant to the Supreme Allied Commander, Europe
at Supreme Headquarters, Allied Powers Europe, in Belgium. Joulwan commanded the 3rd
Armored Division, U.S. Army Europe and Seventh Army. He also served several tours in
Washington DC including Special Assistant to the President of the United States, the White
House, from August 1973 - July 1974, and Executive to the Chainnan, Organization of the
Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Pentagon, from June 1982 - November 1985.
Joulwan assumed command of U.S. Southern command on November 2L 1990. He is
responsible for all U.S. military activities in Latin America (except Mexico and the Caribbean)
and for implementing U.S. national security policy and strategy in the region.
Joulwan holds a Master of Am degree in Political SciencefromLoyola University,
Chicago.
-END-
�OCT
93
9:0S
FPOM
OAGD-PM
TO WHITEHOUSE
United States Southern Command
Biography.
P3GE.80^
Public AJJain Ogict
Quarry Rights, Panama
APOA/i 34003-0061
282-4255 Overseas507-82-4255
GENERAL GEORGE A. JOULWAN
Commander in Chitf
United BUtM Southern Commend, Penema
General George A. Joulwan (JahPwin) became
Commander in Chief of the U.S. Southern Commend
on Nov. 21, 1990. As such, he is responsible for all
U.S. military activities in Latin America (except
Mexico and the Caribbean) and for implementing U.S.
national security policy and strategy in the region.
General Joulwan was bom in Pottsville, Pa., on
Nov. 16, 1939. He graduated from the U.S. Military
Academy at West Point in 1961 and was
commissioned a second lieutenant in the Infantry,
lie reeslved a Master of Aits dfcgi-e* in pwiiliv*!
science from Loyola University In Chicago, General
Joulwan'e military education includes the Infantry
Officer Basic Course, the Armor Officer Advanced Course, the Command and
General Staff College and the Army War College. He was an ROTC instructor at
Loyola University, a tactical officer in the Department of Tactics at the U.S.
Military Academy, and director of Political and Economical Studies at the Army
War College.
He has held a variety of command and staff positions during four tours in
Europe, two combat tours in Vietnam and several tours in Washington, D.C,
During his fourteen years In Germany, he sert/ed as a platoon leader. wmMHY
commander, battalion commander, brigade commander, division chief of staff,
and the Ooputy Chief of Staff, Operations for U.S. Army, Europe. He also served
in a joint aeelgnmont a c cpooiaf aoototont to the Supreme Allied Commander,
Europe at Supreme Headquarters, Allied Powers, Europe, and commanded the 3d
Armored Division from March 1983 to August 1989.
In Vietnam, he served as a company commander and the SO in the 1st
Battalion, 26th infantry, 1st Infantry Division, and as a brigade 5-3 and deputy G*3
of the 101st Airborne- Division (Air Assault).
�4 '93
9:23
FROM OASD-PP
TO UM1TEMOUSE
.
. 303.
/
(n Washington, D.C, after an assignmsnt aa assistant avaeutiva nfriftar tn thm
Vica Chief of Staff. U.S. Anny, he served in joint assignments as special aaatstant
to the President of the United States in the Office of tha President, and executive
to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. He was next assigned as Director,
Force Requirements (Combat Support Systems) in the Office of the Deputy Chief
of Staff for Operations and Plans, Department of the Army.
Prom August 1989 to November 1990, General Joulwan was commanding
general of V Corps under U.S. Army Europe and Seventh Army. He wee promoted
to his present rank of general on Nov. 9,1990.
Military awards and decorations which General Joulwan has received Include
the Defense Distinguished Service Medaf, Distinguished Service Medal, Silver
Star with oak leaf cluster. Legion of Merit with oak leaf cluster, Bronze Star Medal
with V device and two oak leaf clusters, several Air Medals, Meritorious Service
Medal with three oak leaf dusters, Joint Service Commendation Medal. Army
Commendation Medal with oak leaf cluster. Combat Infantryman Badge,
Parachutist Badge. Ranger Tab and Expert Infantry Badge. He holds the
Presidential Service Badge, the Joint Chiefs of Staff identification Badge and the
Army Staff Identification Badge.
General Joulwan is married to the former Karen E. Jones. They have three
daughters: Jennifer, Christen and Jessica.
,f
.M TOTHL"'FRSE . 003 **
.
�THE WHITE HOUSE
O f f i c e o f t h e Press S e c r e t a r y
(San F r a n c i s c o , C a l i f o r n i a )
For Immediate Release
October 4, 1993
STATEMENT BY THE PRESIDENT
I am p l e a s e d t o announce t h a t I have nominated and NATO has
a p p o i n t e d General George A. Joulwan, U.S. Army, t o succeed
General John S h a l i k a s h v i l i as Supreme A l l i e d Commander, Europe.
I a l s o i n t e n d t o send f o r w a r d t o Congress General Joulwan's
n o m i n a t i o n t o serve as Commander-in-Chief, U.S. European Command.
General Joulwan has had a l o n g and h i g h l y d i s t i n g u i s h e d
c a r e e r spanning more t h a n t h r e e decades, w i t h Europe as t h e
centerpiece o f his service.
He has s e r v e d f o r 14 years i n
Europe, b e g i n n i n g as a p l a t o o n commander and r i s i n g t o Commanding
General o f t h e V Corps, U.S. Army Europe and Seventh Army. I n
these p o s t i n g s , as w e l l as i n h i s c u r r e n t r o l e as Commander-inC h i e f o f t h e U.S. Southern Command, Panama, he has demonstrated
b o t h t h e m i l i t a r y e x p e r t i s e and p o l i t i c a l acumen needed t o f i l l
one o f o u r most s e n s i t i v e s e c u r i t y p o s t i n g s .
He has a l s o
d i s p l a y e d superb t a l e n t s as a manager o f r e s o u r c e s and p e r s o n n e l ,
and i s known t h r o u g h o u t t h e m i l i t a r y as a " s o l d i e r ' s s o l d i e r . "
General Joulwan assumes t h e p o s t o f Supreme A l l i e d Commander
a t an i m p o r t a n t t i m e o f change f o r Europe and f o r NATO as we seek
t o adapt t h e r o l e o f NATO t o t h e needs o f p o s t - C o l d War mutual
security.
I w i l l l o o k t o General Joulwan t o c o n t i n u e t h e
o u t s t a n d i n g work o f General S h a l i k a s h v i l i as SACEUR faces up t o
the c h a l l e n g e o f h e l p i n g g u i d e NATO t h r o u g h t h i s i m p o r t a n t p e r i o d
of t r a n s i t i o n .
I have t h e utmost t r u s t and c o n f i d e n c e i n h i s
a b i l i t y t o do so.
# # #
�THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Iimediate Release
September 30, 1993
REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT
AT RETIREMENT CEREMONY OF GENERAL COLIN POWELL
Fort Myer, Virginia
4:30 P.M.
EDT
THE PRESIDENT: Thank you very much. Secretary Aspin,
President and Mrs. Bush, General and Mrs. Powell, distinguished
members of Congress, distinguished leaders of United States military
forces, my fellow Americans.
Today, a grateful nation observes the end of a
distinguished career and celebrates 35 years of service and victory
— a victory for the United States military that gave young Colin
Powell a chance to learn and to grow and to lead; a victory for the
military and p o l i t i c a l leaders who continue to elevate him based on
t h e i r complete confidence and sheer respect; a victory for a nation
well served and, in a larger sense, a victory for the American Dream;
for the principle that in our nation, people can r i s e as far as their
talent, t h e i r capacities, t h e i r dreams and t h e i r d i s c i p l i n e w i l l
carry them.
A long time ago, Thomas Jefferson wrote, "The Creator
has not thought proper to mark those i n the forehead who are of stuff
to make good generals." The Creator has not thought proper to mark
them by the color of t h e i r skin or the station of t h e i r b i r t h or the
place they were born. Thank God for the United States that that i s
so.
From my f i r s t meeting with Colin Powell, before I became
President, I knew that one thing I would never have to worry about
was having a strong and wise, a forthright and honest Chairman of the
Joint Chiefs of Staff. His knowledge and judgment were a source of
constant support. The fact that he enjoyed the respect of a l l of h i s
troops, from the people f i r s t entering the service to h i s colleagues
on the Joint Chiefs of Staff; h i s remarkable balance of prudence and
courage and h i s unfailing sense of humor have been there through the
d i f f i c u l t times of now two presidencies. And he c l e a r l y has the
warrior s p i r i t , and the judgment to know when i t should be applied in
the nations behalf.
General Powell has been a rock of s t a b i l i t y i n our
nation's military during a time of profound change. He has
understood more c l e a r l y than v i r t u a l l y any other American the
enormous resource that the young men and women i n our uniform have
been for our nation. He has been determined to give them the
security that knowledge and s k i l l s and capacity bring, so that
together they could take the changes that we have seen i n the l a s t
few years.
As the Secretary has noted, he was the f i r s t Chairman to
begin h i s tenure under the Goldwater-Nichols Act, and he has c l e a r l y
set a standard by which a l l future Chairs of the Joint Chiefs of
Staff w i l l be judged.
During h i s term the Cold War ended. We began to grapple
with the consequences of that, mostly good and some bad. We have
seen world-changing events force us to reexamine our missions, our
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forestructures, and our commands. We have also seen a leader in
Colin Powell, who has not only responded to those great challenges,
but one who could be trusted to feel in h i s heart, the awesome
responsibility for the l i v e s and livelihood, for the present and
future of every man and woman who wore the uniform"of the United
States of America.
So today, General Powell, I speak for a l l of them who
thank you for guiding and protecting t h e i r l i v e s , even as you advance
the cause of freedom around the world. I speak for t h e i r families
who entrusted you with t h e i r sons and daughters. I speak for the
young children who sent t h e i r mothers and fathers under your command
in the Gulf, in Somalia, and elsewhere. For a l l of them I say you
did well by them, as you did well by America.
We take great pride in what you have done for your
country. You have exemplified the military ethic in serving in
whatever mission and in getting the job done.
When we marched around the f i e l d today, I was glad to
hear the long litany of Colin Powell's career, to remind us that in
the spotlight and far away from the spotlight, as a young soldier and
a not-so-young soldier, he was always f i r s t and foremost a good
soldier. A role model for those in our military and now a role model
for a l l young Americans. Someone we can appreciate for having done a
job day in and day out, year in and year out, with ferocious
dedication.
In recognition of your legacy and service, of your
courage and accomplishment, today, General Powell, I was honored to
present you with the Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction.
I want to t e l l a l l those here in attendance that t h i s was the second
Medal of Freedom you have received, the f i r s t from President Bush in
1991. And today, you became only the second American c i t i z e n in t h i s
history of the Republic to be the recipient of two Medals of Freedom.
(Applause.)
I want to thank you, too, s i r , for your advice and
counsel and the work I had to do in selecting your successor. I t was
a job I think many people were afraid to even contemplate.
For you
are t r u l y a hard act to follow. I know you share my opinion that we
could not have done better than General S h a l i k a s h v i l i .
I also want to say a special word of appreciation to
Mrs. Powell for her inspiration and her support, her good-humored
endurance of a l l the times when you could have been either with her,
your daughters or your automobiles, and had, instead, to be at the
White House with me or someone else importuning on your time. I
thank her, and I thank your family for t h e i r s a c r i f i c e s in your
public service.
When you proposed and married Alma Johnson and moved
with her to Birmingham, Alabama, and before the year were already
sent off as a young captain to serve in Vietnam, that year was 1962.
In that same year, General Douglas MacArthur, gave h i s famous
farewell speech at West Point. He spoke the following words of
praise to a l l those who serve in our military. I repeat them today
because they apply especially well to you. MacArthur said, i n
reference to the American soldier, " I regard him as one of the
world's noblest figures; not only as one of the f i n e s t military
characters, but also as one of the most s t a i n l e s s . "
In closing, General Powell, I am reminded of the words
of another young v a l i a n t warrior, spoken when, l i k e you, he was
finishing one journey and beginning a second. John Bunyan wrote in
Pilgrim's Progress of the warrior v a l i a n t at the end of h i s l i f e , as
he prepared to present himself to the Almighty: "My sword I give to
him that s h a l l succeed me in my pilgrimage, and my courage and s k i l l
MORE
�- 3 -
to him that can get them. My marks and scars I carry with me to be a
witness for me, to Him who s h a l l be my rewarder."
General Powell, your reward i s a grateful nation, and a
bright future. Your reward i s a stronger nation", safer and better
today for your sword, your courage, and your s k i l l . From the bottom
of my heart, on behalf of every man and woman, every boy and g i r l in
t h i s great country, I thank you, and wish you God speed.
(Applause.)
GENERAL POWELL: President and Mrs. Clinton; Vice
President and Mrs. Gore; President and Mrs. Bush; Vice President and
Mrs. Quayle; Justices of the Supreme Court; Secretary Aspin and
members of the Cabinet; Service Secretaries; members i f the
diplomatic corps; my fellow chiefs of defense who have traveled from
afar to be here; my dear friend, Phil Marshall Vincent, the Chairman
of the Military Committee of NATO; my fellow members of the JCS and
the Commanders-In-Chief of the Armed Forces of the United States who
are here today; distinguished guests; members of my beloved family;
friends, old and new, but a l l treasured. Men and women of the Armed
Forces of the United States represented who, magnificently, by the
Joint Forces Honor Guard before you. I express my sincere thanks to
each and every one of you for being here to share my f i n a l day in
uniform.
The Army has o f f i c i a l l y advised me that, for record
purposes, I have served 35 years, three months, 31 days, and, as we
say in the infantry, a wake-up. I loved every single day of i t , and
i t ' s hard to leave. I t i s made easier by your presence.
Mr. President, Secretary Aspin: I thank you for your
very, very kind words and your presence here today, as well as the
great honor you do to me, Mr. President, by awarding me the Medal of
Freedom With Distinction. I also thank you both, and Vice President
Gore for the support and the openness that you have shown to me and
to my colleagues
on the Joint Chiefs of Staff over the past eight
months.
During those eight months we've dealt with some very,
very d i f f i c u l t issues. But, Mr. President, as you once said to me,
i f the issues were easy, i f the problems were so quick to receive a
solution, they would have been solved e a r l i e r by somebody else.
Mr. President, you and Secretary Aspin have pledged
yourselves to keeping our Armed Forces strong and of the highest
quality. I can't t e l l you how much that means to each and every one
of us in uniform, to know that we have that kind of support, that
kind of dedication, that kind of commitment from our Commander-inChief.
On behalf of a l l of the members of the Armed Forces of
the United States, I thank you for that pledge. And I can pledge
back to you on behalf of each and every one of these wonderful young
men and women that they w i l l never, never l e t you down when i t
becomes necessary for you to c a l l on them.
President and Mrs. Bush, and Vice President and Mrs.
Quayle, l e t me also say that i t means a great deal to Alma and to me
to have you here today. You have been our dear friends over the
years and you have been treasured friends and supporters of our Armed
Forces. Your presence here today with President Clinton and Vice
President Gore speaks volumes about the nature of our p o l i t i c a l
system and i t s relationship to the military. And I thank you both
very, very much for being with us.
There are too many distinguished guests here to
recognize them a l l , but l e t me welcome especially my dear friend,
Secretary of Defense Cheney and Secretary Weinberger, who had such an
important influence in my l i f e over the l a s t 10 years.
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�- 4 -
I also want to recognize my predecessors as Chairmen.
Admiral Crowe was here, and General Jones, General Vessey, and
Admiral Tom Moore. And also recognize a l l the former members of the
JCS and former -commanders-of our unified and specified command.
As the President and Secretary have noted, much has
happened over the past four years. I need not catalog for t h i s
audience the events attendant to the demise of the Cold War and the
beginning of a new era in world history. We have seen war and we
have seen peace. We have seen suffering and we have seen the promise
of democracy. We have seen hope mixed with danger and uncertainty.
We have seen the path opened to a better world.
Under you, Mr. President, America w i l l lead the way to
that better world. Aspiring nations of the world trust the United
States. They need the United States. They need our p o l i t i c a l
leadership. They need our economic strength. They need our value
system as a model to learn from. Then need our military strength and
they need our military commitment to help keep order and to help
prevent aggression.
America's Armed Forces w i l l have a busy future — busier
than in the predictable garrison days of the Cold War. As we s i t
here on t h i s gorgeous f a l l afternoon, at t h i s h i s t o r i c post,
elsewhere American aviators are patrolling over the Persian Gulf;
American infantrymen are in danger in Mogadishu, dealing with the
d i f f i c u l t kind of challenge that i s perhaps very, very t y p i c a l of
what we w i l l be seeing more of in the future. Americans are flying
desperately needed supplies into Bosnia. Other GIs are preparing for
the p o s s i b i l i t y , the hopeful p o s s i b i l i t y of implementing a peace
agreement in Bosnia. Our Navy patrols the Adriatic Sea and the Red
Sea and the Persian Gulf. Our Marines provide a reassuring presence
in troubled regions of the world. The Army stands watch in Korea,
Europe. Our Coast Guard goes after the drug enemy i n f i l t r a t i n g our
country.
And at the heart of each of these services i s the young
American boy or g i r l , perhaps only 19 years old — a volunteer welltrained, proud, s e l f l e s s l y serving a nation, wherever that nation,
whenever that nation c a l l s upon i t to go and serve. They carry on a
t r a d i t i o n of over 200 years of service and s a c r i f i c e . They go into
harm's way to protect us and to provide for the common defense. They
are the best and the very brightest of America's youth. And the
greatest of a l l honors I have had was the honor of being one of them
and of being t h e i r senior representative over the past four years.
They have succeeded in every mission and, by t h e i r performance, have
bonded once again with the American people in a way we have not seen
for decades. I thank each and every one of them for t h e i r service to
country.
For me, today i s a day of memories and a day of thanks.
For the l a s t several days, memories have been flooding i n , and I've
been having d i f f i c u l t y sorting them a l l out; some are very, very
v i v i d , some are vague. They aren't entirely coherent to me except
perhaps i n the deepest recesses in my mind's eye.
The memories come to me in so many different ways. I
remember v i v i d l y the day that my father, many, many years ago, for
the f i r s t time put me on a bus in New York City and saw me off to
Fort Bragg, North Carolina — my f i r s t m i l i t a r y experience. I
remember fondly my ROTC days at CCNY. I remember cold nights in
Korea and Germany with a sergeant coming along to offer me a hot cup
of coffee. I remember miserably hot and t e r r i f y i n g days in Vietnam.
I remember the warmth and pleasance of family reunions between
assignments or coming home from overseas.
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�- 5 -
I remember meeting Alma for the f i r s t time. I remember
the memory of the birth of each of our three wonderful, perfect
children, and the birth of a treasured grandson. I remember the
t h r i l l of moving from post to post, the excitement of working i n the
White House during h i s t o r i c times, the exhilaration of Operation
Desert Storm. The faces of old friends, and former commanders and
fellow soldiers and family members have been marching by in a steady
cadence for the l a s t several days.
I especially see the faces of comrades, comrades-inarms who gave their l i v e s i n service to t h i s country. I see the
faces of those who trained me, those who disciplined me, those who
inspired me, those who served with me, those who cared for me and
loved me over these past 35 years. Many of you are here today, and I
can't possibly thank you a l l — you know who you are, and I need not
name a l l of the hundreds present.
These events and people have given me a great l i f e and
have given me a great career. I have never wanted to be anything but
a soldier. And my dream has been f u l f i l l e d for almost four decades.
I find myself on t h i s beautiful afternoon, a most fortunate,
fortunate man.
And by my side for most of that time has been Alma. For
over 31 years I have d i s t i l l e d from our l i f e together one lesson that
I w i l l pass on to any young person contemplating marriage — marry
high, marry high. And with Alma I h i t the heights. She raised three
wonderful children. Over those 31 years we moved to 22 different
houses, but she made sure that we never changed homes. She shared
every dark moment. She has been my partner and my supporting p i l l a r
over a l l those years. She has been a perfect Army wife inspiring
others and representing the nation so well around the world. Without
her love and caring, I cannot imagine what my l i f e would have been
like.
So, Alma, darling, on t h i s your day, too, I thank you,
I thank you from the bottom of my heart for sharing t h i s journey. I
w i l l never be able to f u l l y express my gratitude. So l e t me j u s t say
thank you, darling. (Applause.)
For the three Powell kids, and for the l a s t f i v e years
joined by a wonderful daughter-in-law, l e t me j u s t say that you have
brought me incredible joy and pride, and I thank you so much. You
are a l l hereby relieved of further duty as the General's kids.
(Laughter.) You no longer need to c a l l me " s i r , " you no longer need
to stand at attention when I speak to you. You no longer need to
refer to me behind my back as "The Great Santini." (Laughter.)
I also promise to be a bigger patsy for you i n the future than I've
been i n the past. You are treasures.
I also must say thank-you to my remarkable extended
family who have come from around the country to be here today — from
Birmingham, from New York, from California, from Canada — from a l l
over. My s i s t e r , Marilyn i s here and i s now the matriarch. She
represents a l l of those f i r s t and second generations present, who
descend from an incredible group of Jamaicans who came to t h i s
country i n the 192 0s, seeing and seeking opportunities that existed
only here.
As one news a r t i c l e once put i t , " I t was a darn good
thing for Colin Powell that the boats that Luther and A r i e l Powell
got on i n Kingston ended up i n America and not somewhere e l s e . "
I wish a l l of you here had known Luther and A r i e l Powell, two
remarkable people who are s t i l l with me and every member of my family
every day. They are here today on t h i s f i e l d as surely as I am.
And
I love them very much and I thank them very much.
I thank my office family, Nancy and Cammie and Grog and
Otis and a l l the others who have been indispensable over the l a s t
�- 6-
several years. I especially must thank Admiral Dave Jeremiah, my
Vice Chairman, for h i s outstanding friendship and support.
I thank my JCS colleagues. We have been a remarkable
team of s i x o f f i c e r s who have worked as brothers i n arms to do our
very, very best for the nation. And I am proud of each and every one
of them and the leadership that they have provided to the services
and to the support that they have given to me.
I thank the b r i l l i a n t Joint s t a f f and I thank a l l of my
friends who are here today from Kelly Street, from my White House
fellow days, from CCNY, from Germany. I thank a couple of special,
special friends who know who they are, who c a l l me every day to make
sure that I'm a l l right.
I also share with the President i n congratulating
General John S h a l i k a s h v i l i . He w i l l be a b r i l l i a n t Chairman. He
w i l l be absolutely splendid i n the job. He and Joanie are a great
military team.
For a moment, with your permission, I wish to stop being
the ecumenical Chairman and j u s t for a moment I want to return to my
beloved Army. The Army has been my home. The Army has been my l i f e .
The Army has been my profession. The Army has been my love for a l l
these many years. The Army has invested i n me. I t has taken chances
on me. I t has cared for me. When my career over the years took
rather bizarre p o l i t i c a l turns that should have been f a t a l , great
Army leaders such as General John Wickam and General Carl Vuono
always l e t me know that I could come home, that I had a place to go
to i n the Army.
I am where I am today because the Army takes care of i t s
own. I was allowed to r i s e based on performance. The Army took i n a
young black kid from ROTC i n the South Bronx and brought him to t h i s
point. The Army allowed me to climb on the shoulders of the Buffalo
Soldiers and other African Americans who had blazed a t r a i l 300 years
of American history. And I hope the day w i l l come soon when a l l
parts of our society do for young minorities what the Army and the
other armed services have been doing for young men and women of a l l
color over the years.
And f i n a l l y , I want to thank the American people and
nation for the privilege of serving. I love t h i s country with a l l
heart and with a l l my soul. I t i s a love without l i m i t . I have a
bottomless f a i t h i n the goodness of t h i s land and the goodness of
people. I am proud to be an American. I am so proud to have been
American soldier.
the
my
its
an
And so on t h i s , my l a s t hour i n uniform, my heart i s
f i l l e d with gratitude, with love, and with thanks for the blessings
of family, the blessing of friends, and above a l l , the blessing —
the unique blessing of being a c i t i z e n of t h i s nation, which God has
blessed and we are a l l very, very proud to c a l l America.
bless you.
Thank you a l l for being here today.
(Applause.)
END
Good-bye, and God
4:55 P.M. EDT
�THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Iimediate Release
September 30, 1993
REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT
AT RETIREMENT CEREMONY OF GENERAL COLIN POWELL
Fort Myer, Virginia
4:30 P.M.
EDT
THE PRESIDENT: Thank you very much. Secretary Aspin,
President and Mrs. Bush, General and Mrs. Powell, distinguished
members of Congress, distinguished leaders of United States military
forces, my fellow Americans.
Today, a grateful nation observes the end of a
distinguished career and celebrates 35 years of service and victory
— a victory for the United States military that gave young Colin
Powell a chance to learn and to grow and to lead; a victory for the
military and p o l i t i c a l leaders who continue to elevate him based on
t h e i r complete confidence and sheer respect; a victory for a nation
well served and, i n a larger sense, a victory for the American Dream;
for the principle that i n our nation, people can r i s e as far as their
talent, t h e i r capacities, t h e i r dreams and t h e i r d i s c i p l i n e w i l l
carry them.
A long time ago, Thomas Jefferson wrote, "The Creator
has not thought proper to mark those i n the forehead who are of stuff
to make good generals." The Creator has not thought proper to mark
them by the color of t h e i r skin or the station of t h e i r b i r t h or the
place they were born. Thank God for the United States that that i s
so.
From my f i r s t meeting with Colin Powell, before I became
President, I knew that one thing I would never have to worry about
was having a strong and wise, a forthright and honest Chairman of the
Joint Chiefs of Staff. His knowledge and judgment were a source of
constant support. The fact that he enjoyed the respect of a l l of h i s
troops, from the people f i r s t entering the service to h i s colleagues
on the Joint Chiefs of Staff; h i s remarkable balance of prudence and
courage and h i s unfailing sense of humor have been there through the
d i f f i c u l t times of now two presidencies. And he c l e a r l y has the
warrior s p i r i t , and the judgment to know when i t should be applied in
the nations behalf.
General Powell has been a rock of s t a b i l i t y i n our
nation's military during a time of profound change. He has
understood more c l e a r l y than v i r t u a l l y any other American the
enormous resource that the young men and women i n our uniform have
been for our nation. He has been determined to give them the
security that knowledge and s k i l l s and capacity bring, so that
together they could take the changes that we have seen i n the l a s t
few years.
As the Secretary has noted, he was the f i r s t Chairman to
begin h i s tenure under the Goldwater-Nichols Act, and he has c l e a r l y
set a standard by which a l l future Chairs of the Joint Chiefs of
Staff w i l l be judged.
During h i s term the Cold War ended. We began to grapple
with the consequences of that, mostly good and some bad. We have
seen world-changing events force us to reexamine our missions, our
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forestructures, and our commands. We have also seen a leader in
Colin Powell, who has not only responded to those great challenges,
but one who could be trusted to feel in h i s heart, the awesome
responsibility for the l i v e s and livelihood, for the present and
future of every man and woman who wore the uniform of the United
States of America.
So today, General Powell, I speak for a l l of them who
thank you for guiding and protecting their l i v e s , even as you advance
the cause of freedom around the world. I speak for t h e i r families
who entrusted you with their sons and daughters. I speak for the
young children who sent t h e i r mothers and fathers under your command
in the Gulf, in Somalia, and elsewhere. For a l l of them I say you
did well by them, as you did well by America.
We take great pride in what you have done for your
country. You have exemplified the military ethic in serving in
whatever mission and in getting the job done.
When we marched around the f i e l d today, I was glad to
hear the long litany of Colin Powell's career, to remind us that in
the spotlight and far away from the spotlight, as a young soldier and
a not-so-young soldier, he was always f i r s t and foremost a good
soldier. A role model for those in our military and now a role model
for a l l young Americans. Someone we can appreciate for having done a
job day in and day out, year in and year out, with ferocious
dedication.
In recognition of your legacy and service, of your
courage and accomplishment, today, General Powell, I was honored to
present you with the Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction.
I want to t e l l a l l those here in attendance that t h i s was the second
Medal of Freedom you have received, the f i r s t from President Bush in
1991. And today, you became only the second American c i t i z e n in t h i s
history of the Republic to be the recipient of two Medals of Freedom.
(Applause.)
I want to thank you, too, s i r , for your advice and
counsel and the work I had to do in selecting your successor. I t was
a job I think many people were afraid to even contemplate.
For you
are t r u l y a hard act to follow. I know you share my opinion that we
could not have done better than General S h a l i k a s h v i l i .
I also want to say a special word of appreciation to
Mrs. Powell for her inspiration and her support, her good-humored
endurance of a l l the times when you could have been either with her,
your daughters or your automobiles, and had, instead, to be at the
White House with me or someone else importuning on your time. I
thank her, and I thank your family for t h e i r s a c r i f i c e s in your
public service.
When you proposed and married Alma Johnson and moved
with her to Birmingham, Alabama, and before the year were already
sent off as a young captain to serve in Vietnam, that year was 1962.
In that same year, General Douglas MacArthur, gave h i s famous
farewell speech at West Point. He spoke the following words of
praise to a l l those who serve in our m i l i t a r y . I repeat them today
because they apply especially well to you. MacArthur said, i n
reference to the American soldier, " I regard him as one of the
world's noblest figures; not only as one of the f i n e s t military
characters, but also as one of the most s t a i n l e s s . "
In closing, General Powell, I am reminded of the words
of another young valiant warrior, spoken when, l i k e you, he was
finishing one journey and beginning a second. John Bunyan wrote in
Pilgrim's Progress of the warrior valiant at the end of h i s l i f e , as
he prepared to present himself to the Almighty: "My sword I give to
him that s h a l l succeed me in my pilgrimage, and my courage and s k i l l
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to him that can get them. My marks and scars I carry with me to be a
witness for me, to Him who s h a l l be my rewarder."
General Powell, your reward i s a grateful nation, and a
bright future. Your reward i s a stronger nation", safer and better
today for your sword, your courage, and your s k i l l . From the bottom
of my heart, on behalf of every man and woman, every boy and g i r l in
t h i s great country, I thank you, and wish you God speed.
(Applause.)
GENERAL POWELL: President and Mrs. Clinton; Vice
President and Mrs. Gore; President and Mrs. Bush; Vice President and
Mrs. Quayle; Justices of the Supreme Court; Secretary Aspin and
members of the Cabinet; Service Secretaries; members i f the
diplomatic corps; my fellow chiefs of defense who have traveled from
afar to be here; my dear friend, Phil Marshall Vincent, the Chairman
of the Military Committee of NATO; my fellow members of the JCS and
the Commanders-In-Chief of the Armed Forces of the United States who
are here today; distinguished guests; members of my beloved family;
friends, old and new, but a l l treasured. Men and women of the Armed
Forces of the United States represented who, magnificently, by the
Joint Forces Honor Guard before you. I express my sincere thanks to
each and every one of you for being here to share my f i n a l day in
uniform.
The Army has o f f i c i a l l y advised me that, for record
purposes, I have served 35 years, three months, 31 days, and, as we
say in the infantry, a wake-up. I loved every single day of i t , and
i t ' s hard to leave. I t i s made easier by your presence.
Mr. President, Secretary Aspin: I thank you for your
very, very kind words and your presence here today, as well as the
great honor you do to me, Mr. President, by awarding me the Medal of
Freedom With Distinction. I also thank you both, and Vice President
Gore for the support and the openness that you have shown to me and
to my colleagues
on the Joint Chiefs of Staff over the past eight
months.
During those eight months we've dealt with some very,
very d i f f i c u l t issues. But, Mr. President, as you once said to me,
i f the issues were easy, i f the problems were so quick to receive a
solution, they would have been solved e a r l i e r by somebody else.
Mr. President, you and Secretary Aspin have pledged
yourselves to keeping our Armed Forces strong and of the highest
quality. I can't t e l l you how much that means to each and every one
of us in uniform, to know that we have that kind of support, that
kind of dedication, that kind of commitment from our Commander-inChief.
On behalf of a l l of the members of the Armed Forces of
the United States, I thank you for that pledge. And I can pledge
back to you on behalf of each and every one of these wonderful young
men and women that they w i l l never, never l e t you down when i t
becomes necessary for you to c a l l on them.
President and Mrs. Bush, and Vice President and Mrs.
Quayle, l e t me also say that i t means a great deal to Alma and to me
to have you here today. You have been our dear friends over the
years and you have been treasured friends and supporters of our Armed
Forces. Your presence here today with President Clinton and Vice
President Gore speaks volumes about the nature of our p o l i t i c a l
system and i t s relationship to the m i l i t a r y . And I thank you both
very, very much for being with us.
There are too many distinguished guests here to
recognize them a l l , but l e t me welcome especially my dear friend,
Secretary of Defense Cheney and Secretary Weinberger, who had such an
important influence i n my l i f e over the l a s t 10 years.
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�- 4 -
I also want to recognize my predecessors as Chairmen.
Admiral Crowe was here, and General Jones, General Vessey, and
Admiral Tom Moore. And also recognize a l l the former members of the
JCS and former -commanders of our unified and specified command.
As the President and Secretary have noted, much has
happened over the past four years. I need not catalog for t h i s
audience the events attendant to the demise of the Cold War and the
beginning of a new era in world history. We have seen war and we
have seen peace. We have seen suffering and we have seen the promise
of democracy. We have seen hope mixed with danger and uncertainty.
We have seen the path opened to a better world.
Under you, Mr. President, America w i l l lead the way to
that better world. Aspiring nations of the world trust the United
States. They need the United States. They need our p o l i t i c a l
leadership. They need our economic strength. They need our value
system as a model to learn from. Then need our military strength and
they need our military commitment to help keep order and to help
prevent aggression.
America's Armed Forces w i l l have a busy future — busier
than in the predictable garrison days of the Cold War. As we s i t
here on t h i s gorgeous f a l l afternoon, at t h i s h i s t o r i c post,
elsewhere American aviators are patrolling over the Persian Gulf;
American infantrymen are in danger in Mogadishu, dealing with the
d i f f i c u l t kind of challenge that i s perhaps very, very t y p i c a l of
what we w i l l be seeing more of in the future. Americans are flying
desperately needed supplies into Bosnia. Other GIs are preparing for
the p o s s i b i l i t y , the hopeful p o s s i b i l i t y of implementing a peace
agreement in Bosnia. Our Navy patrols the Adriatic Sea and the Red
Sea and the Persian Gulf. Our Marines provide a reassuring presence
in troubled regions of the world. The Army stands watch in Korea,
Europe. Our Coast Guard goes after the drug enemy i n f i l t r a t i n g our
country.
And at the heart of each of these services i s the young
American boy or g i r l , perhaps only 19 years old — a volunteer welltrained, proud, s e l f l e s s l y serving a nation, wherever that nation,
whenever that nation c a l l s upon i t to go and serve. They carry on a
t r a d i t i o n of over 200 years of service and s a c r i f i c e . They go into
harm's way to protect us and to provide for the common defense. They
are the best and the very brightest of America's youth. And the
greatest of a l l honors I have had was the honor of being one of them
and of being t h e i r senior representative over the past four years.
They have succeeded in every mission and, by t h e i r performance, have
bonded once again with the American people in a way we have not seen
for decades. I thank each and every one of them for t h e i r service to
country.
For me, today i s a day of memories and a day of thanks.
For the l a s t several days, memories have been flooding i n , and I've
been having d i f f i c u l t y sorting them a l l out; some are very, very
v i v i d , some are vague. They aren't entirely coherent to me except
perhaps i n the deepest recesses in my mind's eye.
The memories come to me in so many different ways. I
remember v i v i d l y the day that my father, many, many years ago, for
the f i r s t time put me on a bus in New York City and saw me off to
Fort Bragg, North Carolina — my f i r s t m i l i t a r y experience. I
remember fondly my ROTC days at CCNY. I remember cold nights in
Korea and Germany with a sergeant coming along to offer me a hot cup
of coffee. I remember miserably hot and t e r r i f y i n g days in Vietnam.
I remember the warmth and pleasance of family reunions between
assignments or coming home from overseas.
MORE
�- 5 -
I remember meeting Alma for the f i r s t time. I remember
the memory of the birth of each of our three wonderful, perfect
children, and the birth of a treasured grandson. I remember the
t h r i l l of moving from post to post, the excitement of working i n the
White House during h i s t o r i c times, the exhilaration of Operation
Desert Storm. The faces of old friends, and former commanders and
fellow soldiers and family members have been marching by in a steady
cadence for the l a s t several days.
I especially see the faces of comrades, comrades-inarms who gave t h e i r l i v e s i n service to t h i s country. I see the
faces of those who trained me, those who disciplined me, those who
inspired me, those who served with me, those who cared for me and
loved me over these past 35 years. Many of you are here today, and I
can't possibly thank you a l l — you know who you are, and I need not
name a l l of the hundreds present.
These events and people have given me a great l i f e and
have given me a great career. I have never wanted to be anything but
a soldier. And my dream has been f u l f i l l e d for almost four decades.
I find myself on t h i s beautiful afternoon, a most fortunate,
fortunate man.
And by my side for most of that time has been Alma. For
over 31 years I have d i s t i l l e d from our l i f e together one lesson that
I w i l l pass on to any young person contemplating marriage — marry
high, marry high. And with Alma I h i t the heights. She raised three
wonderful children. Over those 31 years we moved to 22 different
houses, but she made sure that we never changed homes. She shared
every dark moment. She has been my partner and my supporting p i l l a r
over a l l those years. She has been a perfect Army wife inspiring
others and representing the nation so well around the world. Without
her love and caring, I cannot imagine what my l i f e would have been
like.
So, Alma, darling, on t h i s your day, too, I thank you,
I thank you from the bottom of my heart for sharing t h i s journey. I
w i l l never be able to f u l l y express my gratitude. So l e t me j u s t say
thank you, darling. (Applause.)
For the three Powell kids, and for the l a s t five years
joined by a wonderful daughter-in-law, l e t me j u s t say that you have
brought me incredible joy and pride, and I thank you so much. You
are a l l hereby relieved of further duty as the General's kids.
(Laughter.) You no longer need to c a l l me " s i r , " you no longer need
to stand at attention when I speak to you. You no longer need to
refer to me behind my back as "The Great Santini." (Laughter.)
I also promise to be a bigger patsy for you i n the future than I've
been i n the past. You are treasures.
I also must say thank-you to my remarkable extended
family who have come from around the country to be here today — from
Birmingham, from New York, from California, from Canada — from a l l
over. My s i s t e r , Marilyn i s here and i s now the matriarch. She
represents a l l of those f i r s t and second generations present, who
descend from an incredible group of Jamaicans who came to t h i s
country i n the 1920s, seeing and seeking opportunities that existed
only here.
As one news a r t i c l e once put i t , " I t was a darn good
thing for Colin Powell that the boats that Luther and A r i e l Powell
got on i n Kingston ended up i n America and not somewhere e l s e . "
I wish a l l of you here had known Luther and A r i e l Powell, two
remarkable people who are s t i l l with me and every member of my family
every day. They are here today on t h i s f i e l d as surely as I am.
And
I love them very much and I thank them very much.
I thank my office family, Nancy and Cammie and Grog and
Otis and a l l the others who have been indispensable over the l a s t
�- 6-
several years. I especially must thank Admiral Dave Jeremiah, my
Vice Chairman, for h i s outstanding friendship and support.
I thank my JCS colleagues. We have been a remarkable
team o f • s i x - o f f i c e r s who have worked as brothers i n arms to do our
very, very best for the nation. And I am proud of each and every one
of them and the leadership that they have provided to the services
and to the support that they have given to me.
I thank the b r i l l i a n t Joint s t a f f and I thank a l l of my
friends who are here today from Kelly Street, from my White House
fellow days, from CCNY, from Germany. I thank a couple of special,
special friends who know who they are, who c a l l me every day to make
sure that I'm a l l right.
I also share with the President i n congratulating
General John S h a l i k a s h v i l i . He w i l l be a b r i l l i a n t Chairman. He
w i l l be absolutely splendid i n the job. He and Joanie are a great
military team.
For a moment, with your permission, I wish to stop being
the ecumenical Chairman and j u s t for a moment I want to return to my
beloved Army. The Army has been my home. The Army has been my l i f e .
The Army has been my profession. The Army has been my love for a l l
these many years. The Army has invested i n me. I t has taken chances
on me. I t has cared for me. When my career over the years took
rather bizarre p o l i t i c a l turns that should have been f a t a l , great
Army leaders such as General John Wickam and General Carl Vuono
always l e t me know that I could come home, that I had a place to go
to i n the Army.
I am where I am today because the Army takes care of i t s
own. I was allowed to r i s e based on performance. The Army took i n a
young black kid from ROTC i n the South Bronx and brought him to t h i s
point. The Army allowed me to climb on the shoulders of the Buffalo
Soldiers and other African Americans who had blazed a t r a i l 300 years
of American history. And I hope the day w i l l come soon when a l l
parts of our society do for young minorities what the Army and the
other armed services have been doing for young men and women of a l l
color over the years.
And f i n a l l y , I want to thank the American people and the
nation for the privilege of serving. I love t h i s country with a l l my
heart and with a l l my soul. I t i s a love without l i m i t . I have a
bottomless f a i t h i n the goodness of t h i s land and the goodness of i t s
people. I am proud to be an American. I am so proud to have been an
American soldier.
And so on t h i s , my l a s t hour i n uniform, my heart i s
f i l l e d with gratitude, with love, and with thanks for the blessings
of family, the blessing of friends, and above a l l , the blessing —
the unique blessing of being a c i t i z e n of t h i s nation, which God has
blessed and we are a l l very, very proud to c a l l America.
bless you.
Thank you a l l for being here today.
(Applause.)
END
Good-bye, and God
4:55 P.M. EDT
�7290
THE
WHITE
HOUSE
WASHINGTON
•"•"z 7 .•
-.11 • c n
September 24 , 1993
• J
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
FROM:
ANTHONY LAKE^"
SUBJECT:
Nomination f o r Supreme A l l i e d Commander,
Europe
Purpose
To endorse t h e n o m i n a t i o n o f General George Joulwan t o become
Supreme A l l i e d Commander, Europe (SACEUR).
Background
The NATO Defense P l a n n i n g Committee has r e q u e s t e d t h a t you
nominate an o f f i c e r o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s Armed Forces f o r
appointment by t h e committee as Supreme A l l i e d Commander, Europe.
S e c r e t a r y Aspin recommends t h a t you nominate General Joulwan t o
r e l i e v e General S h a l i k a s h v i l i (Tab B ) , and S e c r e t a r y C h r i s t o p h e r
has, i n a s e p a r a t e j o i n t memo w i t h Les, j o i n e d i n t h a t
recommendation (Tab C). I s t r o n g l y s u p p o r t t h i s n o m i n a t i o n as
well.
Once approved by you, we i n t e n d f o r m a l l y t o nominate General
Joulwan t o t h e Senate f o r r e a p p o i n t m e n t t o t h e grade o f g e n e r a l
(Tab D) and t o i s s u e a j o i n t Washington-Brussels p r e s s r e l e a s e
announcing t h e n o m i n a t i o n (Tab E).
I f you need a d d i t i o n a l background i n f o r m a t i o n on General Joulwan,
you may f i n d i t u s e f u l t o c a l l Les.
RECOMMENDATION
That you nominate General George Joulwan t o become Supreme A l l i e d
Commander, Europe and s i g n t h e l e t t e r t o S e c r e t a r y General
Woerner a t Tab A.
Attachments
Tab A
Tab B
Tab C
Tab D
Tab E
Tab F
L e t t e r t o S e c r e t a r y General Woerner
Memorandum from S e c r e t a r y o f Defense
J o i n t State-Defense Memorandum
Nomination t o t h e U.S. Senate
Washington-Brussels Press Release
Biography on General JoulwanF
cc:
Vice President
Chief o f S t a f f
J
�THE WHITE
HOUSE
WASHINGTON
September 23, 1993
Dear Mr. Secretary General:
Pursuant t o the request o f the Defense Planning Committee t h a t
I nominate an o f f i c e r of t h e United States Armed Forces f o r
appointment by t h e Committee as Supreme A l l i e d Commander, Europe,
t o succeed General John M. S h a l i k a s h v i l i , U.S. Army, I hereby
nominate General George A. Joulwan, U.S. Army. I b e l i e v e General
Joulwan t o be extremely w e l l q u a l i f i e d t o perform t h e d u t i e s of
Supreme A l l i e d Commander, Europe. He has had an outstanding
s e r v i c e career and has commanded some o f our foremost Army
forces. General Joulwan i s c u r r e n t l y s e r v i n g as Commander i n
Chief, United States Southern Command. He i s thoroughly
cognizant o f the d u t i e s and r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s o f Supreme A l l i e d
Commander, Europe.
I have every confidence t h a t General Joulwan w i l l make an
outstanding c o n t r i b u t i o n t o f u r t h e r i n g the f i n e t r a d i t i o n
and worthy o b j e c t i v e s sought by a l l o f t h e NATO Nations i n
strengthening our common defense e f f o r t s .
I f the Committee concurs i n the foregoing, I w i l l arrange f o r
General Joulwan t o r e l i e v e General S h a l i k a s h v i l i as Supreme
A l l i e d Commander as soon as p o s s i b l e .
Sincerely,
His Excellency Manfred Woerner
Secretary General of t h e
North A t l a n t i c Treaty Organization
Brussels
�T H E S E C R E T A R Y OF D E F E N S E
WASHINGTON. THE DISTRICT OF C O L U M B I A
2 3 SEP ISS-
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
SUBJECT: General Officer Nomination
I recommend you assign General George A. Joulwan, United States Army, as Supreme
Allied Commander, Europe/Commander in Chief, United States European Command, an
authorized general position, and nominate him for reappointment to the grade of general.
In order to carry out the duties and responsibilities of the proposed assignment, a general
officer must have demonstrated highly effective performance in senior leadership positions both
in his own Service and in the joint arena. He must have demonstrated an ability to work
successfully with other Services in the integrated employment of military force through joint
assignments, including the general officer level, and must be designated a joint specialist. He
must possess a thorough understanding of the requirements of the European theater of operation
including war plans and the political environment. General Joulwan meets these requirements.
This action will not result in the Army exceeding the number of officers authorized to be
serving in the grade of general.
A separate joint memorandum from the Secretary of State-Secretary of Defense is
forwarded. This joint memorandum proposes letters to the Secretary General of the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization for your consideration.
�THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE
W A S H I N G T O N , T H E D I S T R I C T OF C O L U M B I A
2 3 SEP 1993
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
SUBJECT: Relief of the Supreme Allied Commander, Europe
General John M. Shalikashvili, United States Army, will be appointed as the Chainnan of
the Joint Chiefs of Staff on October 1, 1993. Papers recommending you nominate
General George A. Joulwan, United States Army, to relieve General Shalikashvili as Supreme
Allied Commander, Europe, and for reappointment to the grade of general, accompany this
memorandum. General Joulwan, age 53, is presendy serving as Commander in Chief, United
States Southern Command.
General Joulwan will serve in two positions: Commander in Chief, United States
European Command, and Supreme Allied Commander, Europe.
The Departments of State and Defense submit for your approval the following procedure
in regard to thereliefof General Shalikashvili as Supreme Allied Commander, Europe, and the
assignment of General Joulwan as his successor.
a. The Defense Planning Committee of the North Atlantic Council, having agreed to the
release of General Shalikashvili as Supreme Allied Commander, Europe, requested you propose
another United States General Officer for the Supreme Allied Commander, Europe, position.
b. A proposed reply by you to the request of the Committee is at Tab A.
c. Upon adoption of a resolution of appointment by the Committee, a simultaneous
Washington-Brussels press release will be made. A draft for White Housereleaseis at Tab B.
Secretary of State
Attachments
Secretary ofDefense
�Withdrawal/Redaction Marker
Clinton Library
DOCUMENT NO.
AND TYPE
003a. letter
SUBJEO/riTLE
DATE
Nomination of General George A. Joulwan [partial] (1 page)
ca.
09/23/1993
RESTRICTION
P6/b(6)
COLLECTION:
Clinton Presidential Records
National Security Council
Press (Philip J. (PJ) Crowley)
OA/Box Number:
3104
FOLDER TITLE:
Department of Defense [2]
2011-0516-S
kh604
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidenlial Records Act -144 U.S.C. 2204(»)|
Freedom of Information Act - |5 U.S.C. 552(b)|
PI
P2
P3
P4
h(l) National security classified information 1(b)(1) ofthc FOIA)
b(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of
an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA)
b(3) Release would violate a Federal statute 1(b)(3) of the FOIA)
b(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
information 1(b)(4) of the FOIA)
b(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy 1(b)(6) ofthc FOIA)
h(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes |(b)(7) ofthc FOIA)
b(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
financial institutions 1(b)(8) of the FOIA)
b(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
concerning wells |(b)(9) of the FOIA)
National Security Classified Information 1(a)(1) of the PRA|
Relating to the appointment to Federal office 1(a)(2) of the PRA)
Release would violate a Federal statute 1(a)(3) of the PRA)
Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
financial information 1(a)(4) of the PRA|
P5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
and his advisors, or between such advisors |a)(5) of the PRA)
P6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA)
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed
of gift.
PRM. Personal record misfile defined in accordance with 44 U.S.C.
2201(3).
RR. Document will be reviewed upon request.
�Washington
To the Senate of the United States:
I nominate:
The following named officer far reappointment t o the grade of
general while assigned to a position of inportance and
responsibility under T i t l e 10, United States Code, Section 601(a):
To be General
General George A. Joulwan,
P6/(b)(6). . I, United States Army
�PROPOSED SIMULTANEOUS WASHINGTON-BRUSSELS
PRESS RELEASE
Appointment of General George A. Joulwan, U.S. Army to succeed General John
M. Shalikashvili as Supreme Allied Commander, Europe:
The NATO Defense Planning Committee today appointed General Joulwan, as
Supreme Allied Commander, Europe to succeed General John M. Shalikashvili,
U.S. Army. The Committee had previously agreed to a request from the
President of the United States of America to the Secretary General of the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization and Chairman of the Committee asking the
member governments to release General Shalikashvili.
The Committee agreed with great regret to release General Shalikashvili from
his assignment as Supreme Allied Commander, Europe. They expressed to
General Shalikashvili, in the name of the governments represented on the
committee, lasting gratitude for his distinguished service.
The Committee requested that the President of the United States of America
nominate an officer of the United States armed forces for appointment by the
Committee as Supreme Allied Commander, Europe, to succeed General
Shalikashvili. In response to this request, the President of the United States
informed the Committee of his nomination of General Joulwan for consideration
by the Committee as successor to General Shalikashvili. General Joulwan is now
serving as Commander in Chief, United States Southern Command in Quarry
Heights, Panama.
At its meeting today, the Committee adopted a resolution appointing General
Joulwan Supreme Allied Commander, Europe, as successor to General
Shalikashvili with the same powers and functions.
In addition to the NATO position. General Joulwan will be assigned as the
Commander in Chief, U.S. European Command.
�7
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Of
GECKSE ALTRED JOUI*©N,
General
DKTE A D PIACE OF BlKEi 16 Noveiber 1939, rottfivllle, Pennsylvania
N
YEARS OF ACTIVE OCMKISSICNED SERVICE Over 30
PRESENT ASSiGftgyr connarxJer in Qiief, united states Southern Ocnnnand, Quarry
Heights, Panama, A O AA 34C03, since Novsacer 1990
P
KmTRKC SOCOLS AlimLLD
the infantry school, Basic couree
ihe Amor Stfwoi, AJvanced course
united states Any ccanand ana General Staff College
united states Amy war college
EDUCATICNAL DBGKEES
united States Military Academy - BS Degree - No Major
loyola university - M Degree - Political Science
A
FOREIGN IANGU?£E(S) Gecnan
M J R EXTIY ASSIGMgyiS
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Aug 61
Jan 62
pfer 62
M y 63
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M y 63
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Jun 64
, Jun64
Jun 65
—
Aug 65
Jun 66
Jun 66
NOV 67
Nov 66
Jul 67
JU1 67
Sep 68
Sep 68
Jun 70
Jun 70
Jun 71
Jun 71
Jan 72
A SC M N
SI M E T
Student, Infantry Officer Basic Course and Ranjer Course,
Fort Benning, Georgia
Platocn leader, later Executive Officer, Coapany D, 1st
Battle Group, 30th Infantry* 3d Infantry Divisim, Unitod
States Anny Europe
Oomnandfir, Ccn^any A, 1st Battalion, 30th Infantry, 3d
Infantry Division, United States Amy Europe
S-3 (Cperaticns), 1st Battalion, 30th Infantry, 3d
Infantry Division. United states Amy Rnrpa
Student, Armor Officer Advarcal Course, Unitod Static Army
Anoor Center, Fort Knox, Kentrcky
Cccnnander, CCMBander B Ccnpaiy, ist Battalion, 26th
Infantry, 1st Infantry Division, unitod states Amy,
Vietnam
S-3 (Operations), 1st Battalion, 26th infantry, let
Infantry Division, Unibad States Amy Viatnao
Student, Loyola University, Chicago, Illinoic ~~"N
Assistant Pnofeaaar of Military Scianoo, Loyola )^
University, Chicago, Illinais
J
Student, Uhited States Amy Ocmnand ard General^Btaff
College, Fort l^avenwarth, Xaneae
Operations Officer, later S-3 (Operaticrs), 2d Battalion,
327th Infantry, 101st Airbcama Diviaion (Aimobile),
United States Any, Vietnam
�7
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Mar 72
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Aug 73
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Jun 75
Jul 75
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Jun 78
Jun 78
JUn 79
Jun 79
Sep 81
Sep 81
—
Jun 82
JUn 82
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Jun 86
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Mar 88
Mar 88
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Jul 89
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(Operations), 101st Airborne Division (Airmobile), United
States Anny, Vietnam
Canpany Tactical Officer, united States Military Academy,
West Point, N w York
e
Assistant Executive officer to Vice Chief of Staff, Uhited
states Aray. Washingtcn, DC
Special Assistant to the President of the United States,
Office of tha President, ihe Wiite House, washir^tcn, D
C
Special Assistant to the Supreme Allied Oannander, Europe,
Supreme Headquarters Allied levers Europe
Camanaer, 1st Battalicr, 26th Infantry, 1st Infantry
Divisicn (Forward), United States Army Europe
Student, United States An*y War College, Carlisle
Barracks, Pennsylvania
Director, Political ard Econcndcal stuiies, Uhited states
Amy War College, Carlisle Barracics, Bemsylvania
Ocemander, 2d Brigade, 3d Infantry Division (itochanizad),
United States Any Elircpe
Chief of Staff, 3d Infantry Divisicn (Mechanized), Vrltod
States Any Europe
Executive to the Chairmn, Gnjaniaation of the Joint
Chiefs of Staff, Washington, re
Director, Force Reguiranenta (Conbat Support Systfigas),
Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff far Operations ard.
Plans, United States Amy, Vfashinjtm, D
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Deputy chief of Staff for Oporations, Uhited States Amy
Europe and Seventh Aray
Oonranaing Ganaral, 3d Armored Division, Uhited States
Any Europe and Seventh Amy
comnanding General, V Corps, Uhited States Amy Eurt^as and
Seventh Arny
DRIES OF A F D C E P
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Dlstlngulsted seivLoe Mfllal
Defense Distlnguisned Service Medal
silver star (First OaX leaf Cluster)
Lsgion oc Merit (First Oak Leaf Cluster)
aronze star ffedai (Second Oak Leaf Cluster)
Meritorious service Medal (Third OaX leaf Cluster)
Air Meoais
Joint service Ccnmendation Medal
Amy oonmmJation Medal (First Oak leaf Cluster)
Conbat infantryman Badge
Presidential Service Badge
Parachutist Badge
Ranger Tab
Expert infantry Badge
Joint Chiefs of Staff Identification Badge
Amy start identification Badge
SOURCE OF CmtESSICN UM
S A
S M A Y OF JOIHI ASSIOMEWTS
L ME
Afisiqrtnent
Dates
Grade
Special Assistant to the President of Aug 73-Jul 74
the United States, Office of the
President, Ihe ttiite House,
Washington, D
C
Major/Ueutenant
Colonel
Special Assistant to the Supreme
Allied Connander, Europe, Supreme
Headquarters Allied Rfters Europe
Aug 74-Jun 75
(No joint credit)
lieutenant oolonel
Executive to the Chaiman,
Organization of the Joint Chiefs
of Staff, Washington, D
C
Jun 82-Nov 85
Oolonol/Brigadier
General
Oomaander in Chief, United States
Southern Ocmnand, Quarry Heights,
Panama
Nov so-Present
General
As of 18 March 1902
�TIME OF TRANSMISSION
:
2M PI2:
TIME OF RECEIPT
WHITE HOUSE
U SITUATION ROOM
PRECEDENgeCjMMEDIATE
M I HV
HU I
ROUTINE
CLASSIFICATION
MESSAGE N .
O
UNCL
PAGES
FRAN WESSEL (FOR JDP)/THE WHITE HOUSE
FO
RM
(NAME)
(PHONE NUMBER)
( O M N.
R O O)
MESSAGE DESCRIPTION
JOULWAN NOMINATION
AIR FORCE ONE
DELIVER TO
)MNO.
PHONE NUMBER
PAUL RICHARD (FOR THE PRESIDENT)
REMARKS:
Paul:
I'm o n l y sending you p a r t s o f t h e Lake memo t h a t
you don't have. --Fran
�7290
THE WHITE
HOUSE
WASHINGTON
September 24, 1993
""
^ •^
0
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
FROM:
ANTHONY LAKEy-^
SUBJECT:
Nomination f o r Supreme A l l i e d Commander,
Europe
Purpose
To endorse t h e n o m i n a t i o n o f General George Joulwan t o become
Supreme A l l i e d Commander, Europe (SACEUR).
Background
The NATO Defense P l a n n i n g Committee has r e q u e s t e d t h a t you
nominate an o f f i c e r o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s Armed Forces f o r
appointment by t h e committee as Supreme A l l i e d Commander, Europe.
S e c r e t a r y Aspin recommends t h a t you nominate General Joulwan t o
r e l i e v e General S h a l i k a s h v i l i (Tab B ) , and S e c r e t a r y C h r i s t o p h e r
has, i n a s e p a r a t e j o i n t memo w i t h Les, j o i n e d i n t h a t
recommendation (Tab C). I s t r o n g l v s u p p o r t t h i s n o m i n a t i o n as
well.
Once approved by you, we i n t e n d f o r m a l l y t o nominate General
Joulwan t o t h e Senate f o r r e a p p o i n t m e n t t o t h e grade o f g e n e r a l
(Tab D) and t o i s s u e a j o i n t Washington-Brussels p r e s s r e l e a s e
announcing t h e n o m i n a t i o n (Tab E) .
I f you need a d d i t i o n a l background i n f o r m a t i o n on General Joulwan,
you may f i n d i t u s e f u l t o c a l l Les.
RECOMMENDATION
That you nominate General George Joulwan t o become Supreme A l l i e d
Commander, Europe and s i g n t h e l e t t e r t o S e c r e t a r y General
Woerner a t Tab A.
Attachments
Tab A
Tab B
Tab C
Tab D
Tab E
Tab F
L e t t e r t o S e c r e t a r y General Woerner
Memorandum from S e c r e t a r y o f Defense
J o i n t State-Defense Memorandum
Nomination t o t h e U.S. Senate
Washington-Brussels Press Release
Biography on General JoulwanF
cc:
Vice President
Chief o f S t a f f
�m - -S3 UD : o3
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or
GBCKJE AITTSD JOJIWRN,
DMTE
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PIACE OF BiKDi
General
ie Novecfcer 1939, icttfiville, Pennsylvania
YEARS OF ACTIVE CCHMIS5ICKED SEKVICS Over 30
PRE9ENr Assioggyr ocnnartter In Oiief, wilted states Southern Cconrarri, Quarry
Heights, Panama, A O A 34C03, since NovaEter 1990
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N V 67
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Jul 67
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Sep 68
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Jun 70
Jun 70
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Jan 72
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Student, Infantry Officer Basic Course ard Ranjer Course,
Fort Benning, Georgia
Platocn Leader, later Executive Officer, Gcupany n, 1st
Battle Group, 30th Infantry* 3d Infantry DivisLai, Uhited
States Any Europe
Oannander, Cfccpaiy A, 1st Battalion, 30th Infantry, 3d
Infantry Division, United States Aray Europe
S-3 (Operations), 1st Battalion, 30th Infantry, 3d
Infantry Division, United states Amy Eurrpe
Student, Armor Officer Advarcoi Course, Unitod states Amy
Amor Center, Fort Knox, Kanfaxdey
CCtnnander, Ceonander B Ccnpaiy, 1st Battalion, 36th
infantry, 1st Infantry Divisicn, united states Aray,
Vietnam
S-3 (Cfceraticns), 1st Battalion, 26th Infantry, let
Infantry Division, United states Amy Vietnam
Student, Iryola University, Chicago, Illinoix
Assistant Professor of Military Science, Loyola
University, Oiicago, llliroia
Student, Uhited States Aray Ccmaand arxl General Staff
College, Fort leaveruorth, Kansas
Operations Officer, later S-3 (Cperaticre;), 2d Battalicn,
327th Infantry, 101st Airborne Division (Airmobile),
Uhited States Amy, Vietnam
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(Operations), 101st Airborne Division (Airmobile), United
States Anny, Vietnam
Coipany Tactical Officer, United States Military Academy,
West Point, N w York
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Assistant Executive Officer to Vice Chief of Staff, united
states Amy. Washingtcn, D
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Special Assistant to the President of the United States,
Office of the President, ThettiiteHouse, Washingtcn, D
C
Special Assistant to the Supreme Allied Oannander, Europe,
Supreme Headquarters Allied lowers Europe
Cannancter, 1st Battalicr, 26th Infantry, 1st Infantry
Divisicn (Farward), Uhited States Amy Europe
Student, United States Amy War Oollege, Carlisle
Barracks, Bemsylvania
Director, Political and Eoonomical Studies, United states
Amy war College, Carlisle Barradcs, Pennsylvania
Oannander, 2d Brigade, 3d Infantry Divisicn (HechaniMd),
United States Any Birqpe
Chief of Staff, 3d Infantry Divisicn (Mechanized), Uhited
States Any Europe
Executive to the Chairman, Qrganizaticn of the Joint
Qiiefs of Staff, Washington, D
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Director* Force Beguiraaenta (Carbat Support Syvteus),
Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations ani
Plans, United States Amy, Vteshinjton, D
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Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations, United Statea Amy
Europe and Seventh Any
Oorananding General, 3d Amered Divieion, united States
Army Eurcpe and Seventh Amy
Carananding Genaral, V Corps, Uhited Statea Aray Europe and
Seventh Aray
CAIES OF APPOINIMEOT
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15 Deo 64
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Defense Distlnguisned Service Medal
silver star (First O J leaf Cluster)
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Legion oc Merit (First Oak Leaf Cluster)
araize star Meoai (Second Oak leaf Cluster)
Meritorious service Medal (Third Oak leaf Cluster)
Air Meaais
Joint service Ccnmerdaticn Medal
Amy aaranerxJaticn Medal (First Oak TAaf duster)
certbat mrantrynan Badge
Presidential Service Badge
Parachutist Badge
Ranger Tab
Expert mfentry Badge
Joint Qiiefs of Staff Identification Badge
Amy staff Identification party.
SOCRCE OF OCMCSSICH UM
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StJMAHY OF JOINT ASSIOMPTCS
Asslgnnent
Dt>
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cr»le
Special Assistant to the President of Auj 73-Jul 74
the United States, Office of the
President, The VJiite Ifcuse,
Washington, D
C
Major/Lieutenant
cAcnzf^^^
Special Assistant to the Supreme
Allied Ocainander, Europe, Supreme
Headguarters Allied Itowers Europe
Aug 74-jun 75
(Ho joint credit)
Lieutenant colonel
Exeoitive to the Chaiman,
Organization of the Joint Chiefs
of Staff, Washingtcn, D
C
Jun 82-Nov 85
Colonel/Brigadier
Oenercd
Oanmander in Chief, United States
Southern Ccmaand, Quarry Heights,
Fanana
Nov SO-Preaent
General
As of 18 Vaxdti 1992
�PROPOSED SIMULTANEOUS WASHINGTON-BRUSSELS
PRESS RELEASE
Appointment of General George A. Joulwan, U.S. Army to succeed General John
M. Shalikashvili as Supreme Allied Commander, Europe:
The NATO Defense Planning Committee today appointed General Joulwan, as
Supreme Allied Commander, Europe to succeed General John M. Shalikashvili,
U.S. Army. The Committee had previously agreed to a request from the
President of the United States of America to the Secretary General of the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization and Chairman of the Committee asking the
member governments to release General Shalikashvili.
The Committee agreed with great regret to release General Shalikashvili from
his assignment as Supreme Allied Commander, Europe. They expressed to
General Shalikashvili, in the name of the governments represented on the
committee, lasting gratitude for his distinguished service.
The Committee requested that the President of the United States of America
nominate an officer of the United States armed forces for appointment by the
Committee as Supreme Allied Commander, Europe, to succeed General
Shalikashvili. In response to this request, the President of the United States
informed the Committee of his nomination of General Joulwan for consideration
by the Committee as successor to General Shalikashvili. General Joulwan is now
serving as Commander in Chief, United States Southern Command in Quarry
Heights, Panama.
At its meeting today, the Committee adopted a resolution appointing General
Joulwan Supreme Allied Commander, Europe, as successor to General
Shalikashvili with the same powers and functions.
In addition to the NATO position, General Joulwan will be assigned as the
Commander in Chief, U.S. European Command.
�THE S E C R E T A R Y OF DEFENSE
WASHINGTON, THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
2 3 SEP 1993
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
SUBJECT: Relief of the Supreme Allied Commander, Europe
General John M. Shalikashvili, United States Army, will be appointed as the Chainnan of
the Joint Chiefs of Staff on October 1, 1993. Papersrecommendingyou nominate
General George A. Joulwan, United States Army, torelieveGeneral Shalikashvili as Supreme
Allied Commander, Europe, and for reappointment to the grade of general, accompany this
memorandum. General Joulwan, age S3, is presently serving as Commander in Chief, United
States Southern Command.
General Joulwan will serve in two positions: Commander in Chief, United States
European Command, and Supreme Allied Commander, Europe.
The Departments of State and Defense submit for your approval the following procedure
in regard to thereliefof General Shalikashvili as Supreme Allied Commander, Europe, and the
assignment of General Joulwan as his successor.
a. The Defense Planning Committee of the North Atlantic Council, having agreed to the
release of General Shalikashvili as Supreme Allied Commander, Europe, requested you propose
another United States General Officer for the Supreme Allied Commander, Europe, position.
b. A proposed reply by you to therequestof the Committee is at Tab A.
c. Upon adoption of a resolution of appointment by the Committee, a simultaneous
Washington-Brussels press release will be made. A draft for White Housereleaseis at Tab B.
Secretary of State
Attachments
�T H E S E C R E T A R Y OF D E F E N S E
WASHINGTON. THE DISTRICT OF C O L U M B I A
^3 SEP igg:;
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
SUBJECT: General Officer Nomination
I recommend you assign General George A. Joulwan, United States Army, as Supreme
Allied Commander, Europe/Commander in Chief, United States European Command, an
authorized general position, and nominate him for reappointment to the grade of general.
In order to carry out the duties and responsibilities of the proposed assignment, a general
officer must have demonstrated highly effective performance in senior leadership positions both
in his own Service and in the joint arena. He must have demonstrated an ability to work
successfully with other Services in the integrated employment of military force through joint
assignments, including the general officer level, and must be designated a joint specialist. He
must possess a thorough understanding of the requirements of the European theater of operation
including war plans and the political environment. General Joulwan meets these requirements.
This action will not result in the Army exceeding the number of officers authorized to be
serving in the grade of general.
A separate joint memorandum from the Secretary of State-Secretary of Defense is
forwarded. This joint memorandum proposes letters to the Secretary General of the North
Atlantic Treaty Organization for your consideration.
�Withdrawal/Redaction Marker
Clinton Library
DOCUMENT NO.
AND TYPE
003b. letter
SUBJECT/TITLE
DATE
[Duplicate of 003a] [partial] (1 page)
ca.
09/23/1993
RESTRICTION
P6/b(6)
COLLECTION:
Clinton Presidential Records
National Security Council
Press (Philip J. (PJ) Crowley)
OA/Box Number:
3104
FOLDER TITLE:
Department of Defense [2]
201 1-0516-S
kh604
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - |44 U.S.C. 2204(a)|
Freedom of Information Act - |5 U.S.C. 552(b)|
PI
P2
P3
P4
b(l) National security classified information 1(b)(1) ofthc FOIA]
b(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of
an agency 1(b)(2) of the F01A|
b(3) Release would violate a Federal statute 1(b)(3) ofthc FOIA|
b(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
information 1(b)(4) of the FOIA]
b(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy 1(b)(6) of the FOIAj
h(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes 1(b)(7) of the FOIA]
b(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
financial institutions 1(b)(8) of the FOIAj
b(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
concerning wells |(b)(9) ofthc FOIAj
National Security ClassiHed Information 1(a)(1) of the PRA|
Relating to the appointment to Federal office 1(a)(2) of the PRA|
Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) ofthc PRA)
Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
financial information 1(a)(4) of the PRA|
P5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
and his advisors, or between such advisors |a)(5) ofthc PRA|
P6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy 1(a)(6) of the PRA|
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed
of gift.
PRM. Personal record misfile defined in accordance with 44 U.S.C.
2201(3).
RR. Document will be reviewed upon request.
�Washington
To the Senate of the United States:
I ncminate:
The follcwing named officer for reappointment t o the grade of
general while assigned to a position of importance and
responsibility under T i t l e 10, United States Code, Section 601(a):
To be General
General George A. Joulwan,[.
P6/(b)(6)
{ United States Anny
�THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
September 23, 1993
Dear Mr. Secretary General:
Pursuant t o the request of the Defense Planning Committee that
I nominate an o f f i c e r of the United States Armed Forces f o r
appointment by the Committee as Supreme A l l i e d Commander, Europe,
to succeed General John M. Shalikashvili, U.S. Army, I hereby
nominate General George A. Joulwan, U.S. Army. I believe General
Joulwan t o be extremely well q u a l i f i e d t o perform the duties of
Supreme A l l i e d Commander, Europe. He has had an outstanding
service career and has commanded some of our foremost Army
forces. General Joulwan i s currently serving as Commander i n
Chief, United States Southern Command. He i s thoroughly
cognizant of the duties and r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s of Supreme A l l i e d
Commander, Europe.
I have every confidence that General Joulwan w i l l make an
outstanding contribution t o furthering the f i n e t r a d i t i o n
and worthy objectives sought by a l l of the NATO Nations i n
strengthening our common defense e f f o r t s .
I f the Committee concurs i n the foregoing, I w i l l arrange f o r
General Joulwan t o relieve General Shalikashvili as Supreme
A l l i e d Commander as soon as possible.
Sincerely,
His Excellency Manfred Woerner
Secretary General of the
North A t l a n t i c Treaty Organization
Brussels
�THE WHITE
HOUSE
WASHINGTON
.
r
'<.-i
P5
03
September 23, 1993
MEMORANDUM FOR THE--PR gSipEffr
/
FROM:
JOjaKtr-GKUGHTOT
[RECTOR, WHITE HOUSE MILITARY OFFICE
SUBJECT:
General O f f i c e r Nomination
Forwarded f o r your approval and signature are t h e papers
recommending you nominate General George A. Joulwan, United
States Army, t o r e l i e v e General S h a l i k a s h v i l i as Supreme A l l i e d
Commander, Europe.
General Joulwan w i l l serve i n two p o s i t i o n s :
Commander i n Chief,
United States European Command, and Supreme A l l i e d Commander,
Europe.
The Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense have
submitted f o r your approval the f o l l o w i n g procedure i n regard t o
the r e l i e f of General S h a l i k a s h v i l i and the assignment of General
Joulwan.
• The Defense Planning Committee of the North A t l a n t i c Council,
having agreed t o the release of General S h a l i k a s h v i l i as Supreme
A l l i e d Commander, Europe, requested you propose another United
States General O f f i c e r f o r the Supreme A l l i e d Commander, Europe,
position.
• A proposed r e p l y by you t o the request of the Committee i s
attached a t Tab A.
• Upon adoption of a r e s o l u t i o n of appointment by the Committee,
a simultaneous Washington-Brussels press release w i l l be made. A
d r a f t of t h a t release i s submitted f o r White House release a t
Tab B.
Recommendation
That you approve the attached l e t t e r a t Tab A.
�THE WHITE
HOUSE
WASHINGTON
September 23, 1993
5:fi3
MEMORANDUM FOR TIHr^ESIDE^'
FROM:
J^fe^GAUSHftN
45IRECTOR, WHITE HOUSE MILITARY OFFICE
SUBJECT:
General O f f i c e r
Nomination
Forwarded f o r your approval and signature i s the nomination o f
General George A. Joulwan, United States Army, f o r reappointment
t o the grade of general and a recommendation f o r h i s assignment
as Supreme A l l i e d Commander, Europe/Commander i n Chief, United
States European Command.
A separate j o i n t memorandum from the Secretary of State, and
Secretary of Defense i s forwarded. This j o i n t memorandum
proposes a l e t t e r t o the Secretary General of the North A t l a n t i c
Treaty Organization f o r your c o n s i d e r a t i o n .
This nomination was s t a f f e d by the Acting Secretary o f the Army
and approved by the Secretary of Defense.
Recommendation
That you approve and sign the attached.
Attachment
�September 24, 1993
MR. PRESIDENT:
Attached are papers for the nomination of
General George Joulwan to the NATO position
of Supreme A l l i e d Commander, Europe, i n place
of General S h a l i k a s h v i l i . This i s time
sensitive because DOD and NATO are hoping to
make a j o i n t announcement today. Also, ve
understand that Senator Nunn does not want to
move on the nomination of General
S h a l i k a s h v i l i u n t i l h i s successor has been
nominated.
There are two documents t h a t you need t o
sign:
•
The nomination paper f o r reappointment
t o the grade o f general;
•
A l e t t e r t o the Secretary General o f
NATO nominating General Joulwan t o be Supreme
A l l i e d Commander, Europe.
I f you approve, we w i l l have the documents
executed here.
Approve
[]
nomination
Disapprove [ ]
Discuss [ ]
Todd Stern
�S'EP
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PAGE.002
NEIVS RELEASE
OFFICE OF ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF DEFENSE
(PUBLIC AFFAIRS)
WASHINGTON, D.C. - 20301
PLEASE NOTE DATE
IMMEDIATE RELEASE
September 29,1993
No. 446-93
(703) 697-5131 (media)
(703) 697-3189 (copies)
(703) 697-5737 (public/industry)
SECRETARY ASPIN INTR•111 M i x HUMANITARIAN RATIONS
Secretary of Defense Les Aspin announced today that the Department of Defense has
developed a new Humanitarian Daily Ration (HDR) specifically designed to meet the nutritional
needs of civilians in a humanitarian crisis. It will replace the Meal Ready-io-Eal (MRE) which is
currently being used in humanitarianreliefefforts.
Secretary Aspin said the new HDR is better suited for relief operations than the MRE.
In addition to bener meeting nutritional needs the HDR was also designed to be culturally
sensidve and cost less than the MRE.
According to Secretary Aspin, the Department consulted with a number of nutritional
and relief experts as well as private volunteer organizations in developing therequirementsfor
the new ration, including USAID's Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance, the World Food
Program and the Centers for Disease Control. An initial purchase of 2.15 million of the
HDRs at a cost of $8.5 million was made using fundsfromDOD's International Disaster Relief
account
The fint shipment of 200,000 HDRs began arriving at Dover AFB, Del., September
27. Theremaining1.95 million HDRs will be dehvered to Dover during the next 30 days.
From Dover, the HDRs will be transported to storage facilities in Germany for use in
humanitarian relief efforts.
The MRE is a single serving meal which includes one entree and other complementary
products. Nutritionally designed for the working U.S. soldier, three MREs (a day's ration)
provides about 3,600 calories and costs approximately $13.80. One HDR is a full day's
ration and includes two entrees and complementary products. Designed for relief of
moderately malnourished people, one HDR provides between 1,900 and 2,000 calories per day
and costs approximately $3.95.
Department of Defense humanitarian assistance programs have delivered 53 million
MREs to numerous countries during the last two years. DOD has provided 10.3 million MREs
(more)
�SEP 29 ' 9 3
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PAGE.003
to Bosnia alone, where security concerns frequently prevent relief convoysfromentering
areas of acute need. Excess MREs from Desert Storm have been used for the majority of
relief operations. Those stocks were exhausted last November and since then DOD has
purchased 2.6 million MREs from active stocks to keep the humanitarian lifeline open.
Rather than continuing to purchase MREs to meet continuing demand in relief
programs. Secretary Aspin instructed the Department to develop a new humanitarian ration
that would meet nutritional needs, be culturally sensitive and, like the MRE, could be
airdropped.
The prime contractor for the HDR is Right Away Foods Corp., McAllen, Texas and its
sister company. Shelf Stable Foods, Inc., Evansville, Ind. Other contractors providing items
for the HDR include: Ameripec, Inc., Buena Park, Calif.; Manor Bakery, Little Rock Ark.;
Transpackere Services Corp., Brooklyn, NY; Brock Candy Company, Chattanooga, Tenn; and
Fort Biscuit Co., Fort Smith Ark.
-END-
�S'EP 29
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PAGE.004
COMPARISON OF CHARACTERISTICS
DOD MEAL READY-TO-EAT (MRE) TO
HUMANITARIAN DAILY RATION (HDR)
MRE
HDR
Serving size
single meal serving
full day's ration
Cost per Day
$4.60 per serving
3 per day required
for a total of $13.80
$3.95 a day
Package contents
includes one main entree
and complementary products
includes two main entrees and
complementary products
Calories
total of 3,600 calories per day
gives 1,900 to 2,200 calories
per day
Primary use
to sustain U.S. troops in combat
meet needs of
malnourished civilians in
humanitarian emergencies
Nutritional profile
nutritionally designed for
working U.S. soldier
nutritionally designed for
moderately malnourished person
Man
12 different entrees
entrees are familiar
American recipes
4 different entrees
culturally sensitive
no animal products
fruit, grain and nut-based
complementary products
Preparation
none required
none required
Delivery
airdroppable
airdroppable
�S'EP 29
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PAGE.005
HUMANITARIAN DAILY RATION
(HDR)
MENU LISTING
Each Humanitarian Daily Ration (HDR) pack consists of two entrees and
five complimentary products. To provide variety, four different entrees
packaged in six different combinations will be available. The
complimentary products will be the same in every HDR. A spoon is also
included in each HDR package. Following are the six different menu
combinations:
Menul
Mn 2
eu
Tangy Beans
Savory Lentils
Crackers
Bread
Jelly
Fruit Product
Granola
Spoon
Tangy Beans
Vegetable Pilaf
Crackers
Bread
Jelly
Fmit Product
Granola
Spoon
MsmU
Menu 4
Tangy Beans
Lentil Stew
Crackers
Bread
Jelly
Fruit Product
Granola
Spoon
Savory Lentils
Vegetable Pilaf
Crackers
Bread
Jelly
Fruit Product
Granola
Spoon
MenuS
Mn
eu
Savory Lentils
Lentil Stew
Crackers
Bread
Jelly
Fruit Product
Granola
Spoon
Vegetable Pilaf
Lentil Stew
Crackers
Bread
Jelly
Fruit Product
Granola
Spoon
�S'EP
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PAGE.006
HUMANITARIAN DAILY RATION
NUTRITIONAL BREAKOUT
mmi
MENU 2
Protein 45 grams
Carbohydrates 358 grams
Fat 38 grams
Calories 1937
Vitamin A 2500 IU
Vitamin C 41 mg
Iron 22.1 mg
Protein 45 grams
Carbohydrates 350 grams
Fat 38 grams
Calories 1908
Vitamin A 2500 IU
Vitamin C 41mg
Iron 22.1 mg
MENU 3
MENU 4
Protein 49 grams
Carbohydrates 359 grams
Fat 39 grams
Calories 1962
Vitamin A 2500 IU
Vitamin C 41 mg
Iron 22.1 mg
Protein 44 grams
Carbohydrates 358 grams
Fat 38 grams
Calories 1944
Vitamin A 2500 IU
Vitamin C 41 mg
Iron 22.1 mg
mms.
MENU 6
Protein 46 grams
Carbohydrates 347 grams
Fat 38 grams
Calories 1906
Vitamin A 2500 IU
Vitamin C41 mg
Iron 22.1 mg
Protein 47 grams
Carbohydrates 359 grams
Fat 39 grams
Calories 1969
Vitamin A 2500 IU
Vitamin C 41 mg
Iron 22.1 mg
NOTE: To check each HDR nutritional target, nutridonists from the Department of Agriculture, the Army's
Surgeon General, the World Health Organization and other organizations were consulted. Upon their
recommendation, several nutrient levels were modified above the average to enhance the overall product.
Following were the recommended enhanced nutrient levels:
Nutrient
Grams
Fat
Protein
Carbohydrate
25-37
45-60
374-434
2.500 ru
40-50 mg
20-25mg
Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Iron
�SEP 29 '93 12:00
FROM
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Pfl
T UHITEHOUSE
O
PPGE.007
COMPONENTS LISTING
Eachrationmay contain one or more of the following items:
CRACKER - Net Weight 38 £. Ingxedicnu. Flour, Water, Vegetable Oil. Dried Yean (Inactive), Sodium
Btaifconite, Cracker Meal. Mali Piuduct, Salt, Calciao Caiboitate, Dried Yeast (Aoire) Yeast Food, Proteolytic
Enzyme: Mffiu&ctund by: Fort Biscuit, Fort Smith, AR.
A P P L E J E L L Y - Net Weight 1.0 « . lajiedienu; Apple Juioe Conceatrate. Com Syrup. Ciuie Add, Fniit
Iten&oured by: Ameripec. Inc., Bueaa Park, CA.
QRAPE J E L L Y • Net Weight 1.0 to. lagredienu: Grape Juice Cooccntnlc, Core Syrup, Citric Acid. Fruit
Ffcaia Manufactured by. Ameripec. inc.. Buena Park, CA.
F R U I T PRODUCT - Net Wciglii 25 g. lapediems: Grapes, Strawbemes. Lcmous, Lin»e». and Oranges
from Cbace&trates, Com Syrup. Sujar, Modified Com StarcA. Gelatin, Sorbtiol, Citric Add. Sodium Citrate.
Namral and Anificial Flavors, Confectioners Oiaze, Colors Added (FD&C Blue I, Red 40. Yellow 5. Yellow 6).
Mam&cfitfed by. Brock Candy Company, Chattanooga, TN.
EXPORT BREAD • Na Weight 2 0 02. Ingredients Flour. Vital Wbeat Guteu. Yeast Brew; Water.
Yeast Biewbuucj. HFCS, Salt; Water. Sucnaee Esters. Gum Arabic, Xanthaa Cum, Sorbie Acid, Cream Flavor,
Cakamn Sul£u«. Salt. High Stable Shonening, Glycerol. Manufictured by Manor Bakery. Little Rock, AR.
GRANOIjj WITH RAISINS - Net Weight 1 or Ingredients: Raisins, Sugar. Defatted Wheat Germ.
Brown RiCC, Crisp Rice (Rice, Sugar, Malt A Salt). Rolled Oats and Honey. Manu&ctured by Tfanspadsers
Scrvka Corp, Brooklyn, NY
VEGETABLE P I L A F - Net Weiglu 8 or. Ingredienu: Water. Lentils. Navy Beans, Rice. Maltodextrin.
Tomatoo, Onions. Com Oil, Carrou. Peas. Modified Food Starch. Tomato Paste, Sail, Garlic Powder. Spices.
Dicalctnm Phosphate. Potassium Chloride. Sodium Ascoibsie. Ferrous Sulfite, DL-Alpha-TocophoyJ Atxtatc.
NiaciaBmide, Pyridoxine HydrocWorlde, Riboflavin, Thiamin Mononitrate. Vrtamin A Palmitate, Folic Acid,
Phytonadione, Cholecalciferol. C anocobolaimn. Manuftaured by: Shelf Stable Foods. Inc., Evansville, IN.
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TANGY BEANS M T U TOMATO SAUCE • Net Weight 8 ML Ingredients: Water. Navy Beam.
Maltodextrin, Rice, Corn Oil. Modilied Food Starch, Oaiona, Tomato Paste, Salt, Vinegar. Spicss, Panlev,
Garlic Powder. Dicalcium Phospiiaic. Potassium Chloride, Sodium ASCOibate, Ferrous Sulfate, DL-Alpha
•TOCOpbcxyl Acetate, Niadaamide. Pyridoxine Hydrochloride. Riboflavin, Thiamin Mononitrate. Vitamin A
Palmitstc, Folic Acid Phytonadione. Cholecalcifcrol, C^anooobalamin. Manufactured by: Shelf Stable Foods,
Inc., Evansville. IN.
L E N T I L S T E W - Net W«i ht a oz Ingrediems. Water. Lentils, Navy Beans. Maltodexiria. Tomatoes,
Oniou, Com Oil. Modified Food Starch. Carrots, Salt. Garlic Powder. Spies. Dicalcium Phosphate. Potassium
Chloride, Sodium Ascoitate, Fcttous Sulfate, DL-Alpha-Tocopheryl Acetate, Niacinamide. Pyridoxine
Hydrochloride, Riboflavin, Tluamin Monomtiate. Vitamin A Palmitate, Fdic Add, Phyronadione.
Cbokcalaferol, C>-anocnhalaimn Manufecmred by: Shelf Stable Foods. Inc.. Evansville. IN.
fl
SA VOR Y LENTIL C A S S E R O L E - Net Weight 8 oz. Insrediem*. Water. Lentils, Maltodextnn. Rice,
Onions, Cora Oil, Carrots, Modified Food Starch. Salt. Paprika. Spices. Dicaldvim Phosphate, Polasiium
Chloride, Sodium Ascnrbate. Fenous Sulfate, DL-Alpha-Tocopheiyl Acetate. Niacinamide, Pyridoxine
Hyditjchlonde. Rlbofla>ii>. Thiamin Mononioate. Vitamin A Palmitate. folic Acid. Phytonadione.
CMwateiferol, CSanoeobalamin Manufiaaured by: Shelf Stable Foods. Inc . Evansville. IN.
**
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�Statement by
Honorable Les Aspin
Secretary ol Defense
September 9.1993
A recent news account of a 1984 missile defense experiment rased a number
of serious questions about conduct of the program. Thosd questions fall into three
categories.
o
First, was the experiment "riggea?" That is. were the apparently
successful results demonstrated in the experiment the product of
misrepresentation?
o
Second, waa there a deception program aimed at convincing tne Soviet
Union that our missiie defense capaointy was greater than it was, and did
this program have the consequence of also misleading the Congress?
0
Third, have any such oeception programs misled the Congress about
test results on other systems and could that happen in the future?
1 want to say at the outset that we take these questions with the utmost
seriousness. They go to the heart of the integrity of our testing programs and to the
Integrity of our dealings with the Congress on testing. I want to assure everyone that
ws will have honest testing and we will report the results honestly.
in this case, I asked Deputy Secretary Perry to get to the bottom of me
j
assertion of rigged testing. He directed an inquiry Dy Under Secretary for Acquisition
and Technology John Deutch. It is this effort we are reporting on today.
Let me begin by briefly describing the experiment in question. It occurred on
June to, 1984. it was conducted by the Department ot the Army and was called the
Homing Overlay Experiment. It's aim was to demonstrate that an interceptor missile
could hit an incoming simulated Soviet re-entry vehicle. The test on June io was the
fourth In a series. The previous shots had failed to hit the target.
On June 10, a missile carrying the simulated Soviet warhead was fired from
Vandenberg Air Force Base in California. An interceptor missile was fired from MecK
Island in the Kwajalein Missile Range m tne Pacific. The interceptor's on-board, heatseeking detector picked up the target in the last few seconds of flight and guided it to
a direct hit.
�Let me now take tha three questions m order. Was th© experiment rigged? A
New York Timee story August 18 quoted unnamed sources as saying it was "'igged"
because a radar beacon had been placed on the target re-entry vehicle lhai oirectea
the interceptor to ;he target.
There were four elements of tne experiment that might give rise to questions
about the validity of the results. Here is what we found:
o
Finding one. There was a racar beacon atmrd the target vehicle. We
aiso found that there was no receiver on board the interceptor for mis
radar. The Deacon had been placed to assist m range and safety
tracking of the target from the ground'. The beacon was of a type not
capable Of the final guidance of interceptor to target. Our conclusion is
that the experiment was not riggea. ana in fact couid not be rigged, oy
the presence of the racar beacon.
The inclusion cf the oeacon was discussed in unclassified portions of a
1984 report on the experiments written for the Army's Ballistic Missile
Systems command. The repon was available to Congress at the time
and we have a declassified version ot that repon available here today.
o
Finding Two. The re-entry vehicle was heated to increase its visibility to
the heat-seeking interceptor. The Hv was heated to 100 decrees f?"
CentigradOi The heating of the RV and other aspects of the experiment
were discussed in an unclassified study published by the congressional
Office of Technology Assessment in :997 which was available to the
public. The OTA repon suggests that the RV may nave been heated to
temperatures higher than were expected in actual Soviet re-entry
vehicles. Hed the experiment been an operational test, this would have
been a suspect action, As it was, tne experiment was intenoed to
demonstrate the basic process rather than test the sensitivity of the neatseeker.
o
Finding Three. There was a data link from the ground to the interceptor
that could have been used to guide the missile to the target independent
of the radar beacon. It was not used.
o
Finding Four. The target carried optical enhancers to make a direct hit
more visible. These enhancers included flash powder. Since these
enhancers come into play only after :here is a direct hit, their presence
does not constitute rigging of the result.
�Overall, our conclusion on the experiment :s this, .'t was not rtggeo Dy tne
inclusion of a radar beacon on the target, nor oy other means. The experiment
demonstrated what It purported to demonstrate, that the final guidance of the
interceptor to a direct hit was done oy the or-ooard neat seeker. We should also
understand that this was not a test of a developing system, out rather a demonstration
dons under experimental conditions. The independent Office cf Technology
Assessment said in its 1968 report mat the homing Overlay Experiments were "sound
experiments properly designed..."
That brings us to the second set of questions. Was tnere a deception program
associated with the Homing Overlay Experiments aesigned to deceive the Soviets and
did it also deceive the Congress?
The answer is that there was a deception orogram aimed at :he Soviet Un>on
associated with the experiments, but it deceived no one because 1 was no: used.
The deception program was part cf that category of highly secret activities
called special access programs. It consisted of an explosive charge aboard the target
vehicle, The plan was tc detonate the charge m order to give a near miss -he
appearance of a direct hit to give Moscow our efforts were more successful than they
were. In the early flights, the interceptor did not come dose enough to the target to
allow dGtonation of the charge. In the final flight, the charge was not activated and
could not have been detonated.
So, our conclusion is one, that there was a deception program asscciated with
the Homing Overlay Experiment two, Congress was not informed about but tnree,
ultimately it was not used.
I should point out here that conducting such a program today without informing
Congress would be illegal. But in 1984, there was no recuirement to tell Congress
about special access programs. That changed in 1988 when Congress requirec that
all special access programs be reported. I had a hand in establishing that
requirement as chairman of the House Armed Services Committee, as did Senator
Sam Nunn, chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee, then-Representative
and now Senator Barbara Boxer, and former Senator Lowell Weicker.
That brings us to our third set of questions. Has the Congress been misieo on
test results on other systems and couid it be misled about results in the future? Let
me deal with the part about tne future first, we oc not confirm or deny the existence
of any particular special programs, but we do state tnat Congress is being informed of
all special access program. The Homing Overlay deception program couid not happen
today without Congress knowing about it.
�Now on other systems, we nave gone to ser.ous lengths tc Seterm.ne if oas;
test -esuits were'tamted O deception, Our conclusion at tns poif.t is that no past test
y
results have involved deception programs that coulc nave oeceived Congress o- tn*
American people. The Homing Overlay Exoerimsm episooe could not be repeatea
today.
r
Our conclusion is that past test esu;ts were unaffected by the kind cf deception
effort attempted on the Homing Overlay Experiments, and that the Homing Overlay
episode could not be repeated today
To sum up, the experiment was not rigged and deception did not take place,
although a program to practice deception existed.' And I guarantee this. While I am
here. Defense Department tests wilt oe conducted honestly and reported honestly.
#
6 rf
�THB WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press
Secretary
September 17, 1993
For Immediate Release
PRESIDENT CLINTON TODAY NAMES TOGO WEST, JR.
SECRETARY OF THE ARMY
Joseph Reeder Named Army Under Secretary
WASHINGTON, D.C. - The President today announced h i s i n t e n t i o n t o
nominate Togo Dennis West, J r . , a veteran o f t h e Defense
Department and a former Army o f f i c e r , as Secretary o f t h e Army.
The President also announced h i s i n t e n t i o n t o nominate Joe R.
Reeder Under Secretary o f t h e Army.
" I am pleased today t o announce my nomination o f Togo West
as our new Secretary o f t h e Army," t h e President s a i d . "Togo i s a
seasoned veteran o f t h e Defense Department who knows f i r s t h a n d
the challenges f a c i n g our f i g h t i n g men and women. I em c o n f i d e n t
he w i l l do an e x c e l l e n t j o b o f leading our Army as we adapt t o
the changes f o r c e d by t h e end o f t h e Cold War, w h i l e c o n t i n u i n g
t o ensure t h a t our f i g h t i n g f o r c e remains number one i n t h e
world.
11
From 1975 - 76, West served as Associate Deputy Attorney
General o f t h e United States Department o f J u s t i c e i n t h e
A d m i n i s t r a t i o n o f President Gerald Ford. West's f i r s t major post
i n t h e m i l i t a r y was as General Counsel o f t h e Department o f t h e
Navy (1977 - 79). He went on t o serve as Special A s s i s t a n t t o t h e
Secretary and Deputy Secretary o f Defense (1979 - 80) and was
appointed General Counsel o f t h e Department o f Defense by
President Carter on January 29, 1980.
West l a t e r j o i n e d t h e New York law f i r m o f Patterson,
Belknap, Webb & T y l e r where he served as a managing p a r t n e r u n t i l
1990, when he j o i n e d t h e Northrop Corporation. West i s c u r r e n t l y
senior v i c e president i n charge o f government r e l a t i o n s w i t h t h e
Northrop Corporation.
(more)
�In addition to his experience in both the public and private
sectors, West was one of three lawyers appointed by the Secretary
of State in 1982 to conduct an independent inquiry into the
handling, by the governments of the United States and E l
Salvador, of the investigation and prosecution of the murderers
of four American Catholic churchwomen i n E l Salvador. Their
report was submitted to the Secretary of State and to the
Congress.
Born on June 21, 1942 in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, West
earned a B.S. in E l e c t r i c a l Engineering i n 1965 and a J.O. in
1968, both from Howard University. Upon graduation from law
school, West served as a law clerk until he joined the military
in 1969. West served i n the Army as a judge advocate from 1969 73 with the office of the Assistant Secretary of the Army
(Manpower and Reserve Affairs). After h i s tenure there, West went
to work as an associate attorney with Covington & Burling from
1973 - 75 and 1976 - 77.
West i s a member of the Board of Directors of the World
Affairs Council and the Board of Directors of the Atlantic
Council. He i s a member of the National Advisory Committee of the
United Nations Association of the United States of America. He
has been a member of the Council on Foreign Relations.
For his military service, West has been awarded the Legion
of Merit and Meritorious Service Medal. For his public service.
West has been awarded the Defense Medal for Distinguished
Service. He i s an Eagle Scout with a Bronze Palm.
West i s married to the former Gail Berry, also an attorney,
who served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force from
1980 - 81. The couple, who have two daughters in college, reside
in Washington, D.C.
Joseph Robert Reeder i s a former defense attorney for the
United States Army who has served with the Washington, D.C. firm
Patton, Boggs & Blow since 1979. Reeder served as a t r i a l
attorney for the Pentagon from 1976 - 79 and as a law clerk to
federal judges Ben C. Connolly and Carl 0. Bue, Jr., in the
Southern District of Texas from 1975 - 76. A graduate of West
Point (1970), Reeder also earned a J.D. from the University of
Texas at Austin (1975) and a L.L.M. from Georgetown University
(1981). Reeder served in the 82d Airborne Division, Airborne,
Ranger and Artillery Basic Schools at Fort Bragg, North Carolina
from 1970 - 72 and i s an honor graduate from the J.A.G.C. School
(1976). He completed the J.A.G.C. Advanced Course in 1984.
Reeder i s married to Katharine R. Boyce, an attorney, and
the couple have four children.
-30-30-30-
�THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
September 14,
1993
GOLD STAR MOTHER'S DAY
BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
A PROCLAMATION
To become a parent i s one of l i f e ' s greatest joys. We
devote ourselves to our children, investing our hopes and dreams
in them and protecting them so that they may have a better l i f e
than we have had. There i s probably no greater pain, therefore,
than the loss of a c h i l d . None of us expects to outlive our
children, and when mortal hands rob us of our posterity, the
loss i s devastating.
Every Gold Star Mother has experienced t h i s pain. As much
as the soldiers themselves, these brave women know the meaning
of s a c r i f i c e for country. Long after a s l a i n soldier i s l a i d to
rest, that young man or woman's mother w i l l remember her loss
every day for the r e s t of her l i f e . When a mother bids farewell
to a c h i l d in uniform, she begins to serve her country in her
own private way, worrying that her c h i l d w i l l be in harm's
way and that t h i s young man or woman, in whom she has invested
so much love and care, may pay the ultimate price on the
b a t t l e f i e l d . And when the unthinkable does happen, the
Gold Star Mother must carry the wounds within her heart forever.
We have a sacred duty to remember the devotion of Gold Star
Mothers. Like the brave soldiers who have l a i n down t h e i r
l i v e s in defense of our freedoms, their mothers have earned
our deepest honor and sympathy, having s a c r i f i c e d so much for
America, yet continuing to give of themselves to ensure that the
ideals of freedom and democracy l i v e on for future generations.
Their losses and their contributions can be no greater, and our
obligation to them cannot be measured.
To pay f i t t i n g tribute to these women, the Congress, by
Senate Joint Resolution 115 on June 23, 1936 (49 Stat. 1895),
designated the l a s t Sunday in September as "Gold Star Mother's
Day" and authorized and requested the President to issue a
proclamation in observance of t h i s day.
NOW, THEREFORE, I , WILLIAM J . CLINTON, President of the
United States of America, do hereby proclaim September 26, 1993,
as Gold Star Mother's Day.
I c a l l on a l l government o f f i c i a l s
to display the United States flag on government buildings on
t h i s solemn day. I additionally urge the American people to
display the flag and to hold appropriate meetings in t h e i r
homes, places of worship, or other suitable places, as public
expression of the sympathy and the respect that our Nation holds
for i t s Gold Star Mothers.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand t h i s
thirteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord nineteen
hundred and ninety-three, and of the Independence of the
United States of America the two hundred and eighteenth.
WILLIAM J . CLINTON
#
#
#
�THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
For Immediate Release
September 13, 1993
COMMODORE JOHN BARRY DAY, 1993
BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
A PROCLAMATION
During i t s War for Independence, our Nation faced a great
and proven sea power. The young Continental Navy, which had
been established by the Continental Congress in October 1775,
was only a fraction of the s i z e of the B r i t i s h f l e e t . Nevertheless, the small American naval force not only achieved several
key v i c t o r i e s during the War but also established a t r a d i t i o n
of courageous service that continues to t h i s day. On t h i s
occasion, we honor the memory of one of America's f i r s t and
most distinguished naval leaders, Commodore John Barry.
After immigrating to the United States from Ireland, John
Barry became a successful shipmaster in Philadelphia. He was
also an enthusiastic supporter of American independence, and
when the Revolutionary War began, he readily volunteered for
service and became one of the f i r s t captains of the Continental
Navy.
Captain Barry served bravely and with d i s t i n c t i o n
throughout the course of the War.
While commanding the brig
LEXINGTON, he captured the B r i t i s h sloop EDWARD i n A p r i l 1776.
This victory marked the f i r s t capture in battle of a B r i t i s h
vessel by a regularly commissioned American warship. Later
in 1776, he led a raid by four small boats against B r i t i s h
vessels on the Delaware River and seized a s i g n i f i c a n t quantity
of supplies meant for the B r i t i s h Army. Seven years l a t e r .
Captain Barry participated in the l a s t American naval victory of
the War, leading the frigate ALLIANCE against HMS SYBILLE in
March 1783.
Serving as a volunteer a r t i l l e r y o f f i c e r in December
of that year, Captain Barry participated in General George
Washington's celebrated campaign to cross the Delaware River,
which led to victory at the Battle of Trenton.
Captain Barry continued to serve our country after the
end of the Revolution, helping to make the American victory a
meaningful and enduring one. Active in Pennsylvania p o l i t i c s ,
he became a strong supporter of the Constitution, which was
r a t i f i e d by the State Assembly on December 12, 1787. In June
1794, President George Washington appointed him as commander of
the new frigate USS UNITED STATES, one of s i x that were b u i l t as
part of a permanent American naval armament. For the remaining
years of h i s l i f e , Commodore Barry helped to build and lead the
new United States Navy, commanding not only USS UNITED STATES
but also "Old Ironsides," USS CONSTITUTION.
Commodore John Barry died on September 13, 1803, but
his outstanding legacy of service i s carried on today by a l l
the brave and s e l f l e s s Americans who wear the uniform of the
United States Navy.
more
(OVER)
�The Congress, by House Joint Resolution 157, has designated
September 13, 1993, as "Commodore John Barry Day" and has
authorized and requested the President to issue a proclamation
in observance of t h i s day.
N W THEREFORE, I , WILLIAM J . CLINTON, President of the
O,
United States of America, do hereby proclaim September 13, 1993,
as Commodore John Barry Day. I invite a l l Americans to observe
t h i s day with appropriate ceremonies and a c t i v i t i e s i n honor
of those individuals, past and present, who have served i n the
United States Navy.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto s e t my hand t h i s
thirteenth day of September, i n the year of our Lord
nineteen hundred and ninety-three, and of the Independence of
the United States of America the two hundred and eighteenth.
WILLIAM J . CLINTON
# # #
�Statement of events of 9 September
(UNOSOMH Military Briefer)
At approximately 3:30 p (8:30 am EDT) today in Mogadishu, a Paldstani force was
m
out clearing roadblocks in the vicinity of the cigarette factory on the 21 October Road. A
crew and bulldozerfromthe U.S. logistics forces were participating. The clearing forces were
escorted by a Pakistani force of approximately 100 infantry troops, 3 M-48 Tanks and 4
APCs.
The UNOSOM forces came under fire from a Somali militia force of over 100. The
Somalis used small arras, machine guns, RPGs and a 106 m recoilless rifle to engage the
m
UNOSOM forces.
One of the Pakistani tanks was hit by fire from the 106 m recoilless and apparently
m
destroyed. Initial reports indicate that the crew got out safely.
The UNOSOM forces rctumed fire and withdrew to the stadium.
U.S. QRF helicopters (2 Cobras and 1 Scout) responded to provide assistance to the
Pakistanis. The helos engaged the Somali militia using 20 m cannons and rockets, (initial
m
reports indicate that TOW missiles were not used) During thefighting,the American
bulldozer was seized by Somalis. One of the Cobras destroyed it.
At one point in the events, the Pakistani tanks and APCs returned from the stadium and
again engaged the Somalis. These events concluded at about 6:30 pm.
A "sizeable' Somali militia force was involved.
As aresultof these actions. 1 Pakistani was killed and 2 were wounded. The wounded
are in stable condition. Additionally, 2 Americans received gunshot wounds. A third suffered
from heat exhaustion. All three Americans are in stable condition. We have no estimate of
Somali casualties.
A QR.F infantry platoon was operating in the general area of thefighting,but did not
become involved.
Elsewhere in Mogadishu (at about 4:30 pm local), there were reports of shots fired
near Checkpoint Pasta The Italian forces there were not sure if it was directed at them or if
it was Somali on Somali violence, Near the K4 traffic circle, Somali on Somali fighting
occurred at the same time. Additionally, the Nigerians at the old port reported taking some
small aims fire and a mortar round landed at the stadium where the Pakistanis have their
headquarters. No UNOSOM casualties occurred in any of the events.
-end-
�
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Office of Press and Communications - Philip J. “P.J.” Crowley
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National Security Council
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An account of the resource
This collection consists of White House press releases from the files of P.J. Crowley. Crowley served as Special Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs and Senior Director of Public Affairs the National Security Council from 1997–1999. The press releases are arranged by subject or, as in the case of the Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents, by date.
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
William J. Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
370 folders in 33 boxes
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Department of Defense [2]
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
National Security Council
Office of Press and Communications
Philip "PJ" Crowley
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
2011-0516-S
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Box 5
<a href="http://catalog.archives.gov/id/7585702"></a>
<a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/show/36076">Collection Finding Aid</a>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
7585702
42-t-7585702-20110516s-005-013-2015
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Clinton Presidential Records: NSC Cable, Email, and Records Management System
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
William J. Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Adobe Acrobat Document
Medium
The material or physical carrier of the resource.
Preservation-Reproduction-Reference