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Clinton Presidential Records
Mandatory Declassification Review
This is not a presidential record. This is used as an administrative
marker by the William J. Clinton Presidential Library Staff.
Documents from this Mandatory Declassification Review were
released in full or released in part.
Those documents released with redactions have been restricted
under Sections 1.4 (c), (d), and 3.5 (c) of E.O. 13526.
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A l l i n One M a i l
TIMESTAMP: 917535438
DATE-TIME: 2/16/93 5:23PM
FROM: WHSRM at WHSR
SUBJECT: 16 February 1993 WHSR Evening Summary:SECRET
Classification: SECRET
TO: CRISPELL
•To: ALEXANDER at CCGATE
*To: ANDRICOS at CCGATE
*To: BAHR at CCGATE
*To: BARTH at CCGATE
*To: BELL at CCGATE
*To: BLE1CKEN at CCGATE
*To: BRANSCUM at CCGATE
*To: CLARKE at CCGATE
*To: CLARKER at CCGATE
•To: CLAUSSEN at CCGATE
*To: DESUTTER at CCGATE
*To: FRY at CCGATE
•To: GOTTEMOELLER at CCGATE
*To: GROSS at CCGATE
•To: HERRINGTONA1 at CCGATE
•To: HOLL at CCGATE
•To: HULL at CCGATE
•To: INDYK at CCGATE
•To: KOCH at CCGATE
•To: LOWENKRON at CCGATE
•To: MARSHALL at CCGATE
•To: MASSA at CCGATE
•To: MCKITRICK at CCGATE
•To: MENAN at CCGATE
•To: MORLEY at CCGATE
•To: PATTERSON at CCGATE
•To: PHILLIPS at CCGATE
•To: PONEMAN at CCGATE
•To: POTTS at CCGATE
•To: PRIMOSCH at CCGATE
•To: RAGLE at CCGATE
•To: RIEDEL at CCGATE
•To: SANNER at CCGATE
•To: SCHWARTZ at CCGATE
•To: SHEEHAN at CCGATE
•To: SPALTER at CCGATE
•To: TENET at CCGATE
•To: TILLEY at CCGATE
•To: VANERON at CCGATE
•To: VAUGHAN at CCGATE
DECLASSIFIED I N PART
PER E. O. 13526
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
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•To: WALKER at CCGATE
•To: WAURISHUK at CCGATE
•To: WAYNE at CCGATE
•To: WILSON at CCGATE
•To: ^SUMMARY
CARBON_COPY: ////
TEXT BODY:
SITUATION ROOM EVENING SUMMARY February 16, 1993
SECRET
EUROPE/EURASIA
RUSSIA: President Yeltsin called for emergency session of
parliament in early March to ratify constitutional agreement on
power-sharing...announcement followed meeting in Moscow with
Supreme Soviet Chairman Khasbulatov. (U) Reuter 0711
BALKANS: Serbs continue to block UN relief convoyfromtraveling
to Cerska in eastern Bosnia...second convoy left Belgrade for
Gorazde today. (G) Belgrade 01175; FBIS 055
ARMENIA: President Ter-Petrosyan shuffled cabinet four days
after appointing Grant Bagratyan new prime minister...named
former transport minister Chitechyan as deputy prime
minister...also shuffled ministers of foreign affairs, finance,
energy, economy, and agriculture. (U) Reuter 0543
WESTERN HEMISPHERE
MEXICO:
AFRICA
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
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RWANDA: US Embassy requesting authorized departure of dependents
and non-essential personnel...law and order deteriorating as
rebel offensive moves toward capital. (G)-Kigali 00617
SECRET
Classified by Multiple Sources
Declassify on: OADR
Message:
CLINTON LIBRARY PH0T0C0PN
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
08-Jun-1994 18:08 EDT
MEMORANDUM FOR:
FAUVER
NONRECORD
FROM:
( FAUVER@Al@OEOB )
( NONRECORD@Al@OEOB )
shermand
(shermand@NSCSTF@OEOB@MSGATE@VAXB)
SUBJECT:
COMMENTS ON INDIA NIE
Message C r e a t i o n Date was a t 8-JUN-1994 17:46:00
^LiOKLl/lTUL'UlUj/HUUUNT^T/OnOOH
Bob:
Per your r e q u e s t , here are my comments on NIE 94-11, " I n d i a i n t h e Year
2000: More Prosperous, C o n f i d e n t , and Hindu?"
I s h o u l d p o i n t out r i g h t
away t h a t I have no p a r t i c u l a r e x p e r t i s e on t h e s u b j e c t and have not focused
on i t from an i n t e l l i g e n c e p e r s p e c t i v e i n my p r e v i o u s p o s i t i o n s .
I n other
words, mine a r e t h e views o f a d i l e t t a n t e .
That s a i d , t h e e s t i m a t e s t r i k e s a more o p t i m i s t i c note about I n d i a ' s f u t u r e
than I would. As you are aware, i t argues t h a t t h e c o u n t r y ' s p o l i t i c a l
s t a b i l i t y i s u n l i k e l y t o be overwhelmed by a r i s e i n e t h n i c t e n s i o n s or
i n t r a - p a r t y c o n f l i c t , a l l o w i n g PM Rao t o f u r t h e r open up t h e economy and
improve p r o d u c t i v i t y / c o m p e t i t i v e n e s s . The e s t i m a t e a l s o n o t e s , however,
t h a t a number o f s t r u c t u r a l handicaps -- widespread p o v e r t y , inadequate
i n f r a s t r u c t u r e , a b l o a t e d bureaucracy, e t c . -- are l i k e l y t o h o l d annual
growth r a t e s t o between f o u r and s i x p e r c e n t . This would not q u a l i f y I n d i a
as a f u l l - b l o w n A s i a n T i g e r , b u t s u f f i c e t o make i t a " T i g e r Cub."
T h i s i s a soundly reasoned argument, and even I have read enough t o know
t h a t I n d i a has been moving i n t h i s d i r e c t i o n i n r e c e n t years. There a r e ,
however, s e v e r a l r i s k s on t h e downside whose potency t h e e s t i m a t e notes b u t ,
i n my unschooled view, downplays.
The most s i g n i f i c a n t o f these i s
ethnicity/nationalism.
I agree t h a t i n t h e I n d i a n case t h i n g s now seem t o
be under c o n t r o l here. However, I t h i n k t h a t t h e I n t e l l i g e n c e Community has
c o n s i s t e n t l y u n d e r e s t i m a t e d t h e power o f " a c c i d e n t s " t o upset t h e e t h n i c
apple c a r t ( a f t e r a l l , i t ' s not always easy t o make a c c i d e n t s p a r t o f a
" s c e n a r i o " ) . A number o f o t h e r r e c e n t e t h n i c t i n d e r b o x e s — Y u g o s l a v i a and
Rwanda a r e two examples -- have been i g n i t e d by e i t h e r seemingly minor
i n c i d e n t s ( s m a l l groups o f Serb and Croat c i v i l i a n s s e t t i n g up r o a d b l o c k s i n
K r a j i n a ) o r unexpected events ( t h e shootdown o f t h e plane c a r r y i n g t h e
Rwandan and Burundian P r e s i d e n t s ) . I n d i a c l e a r l y shown t h e p o t e n t i a l t o
l u r c h i n t o t h e unexpected i n a bloody f a s h i o n (the A m r i t s a r temple massacre
a few years back i s j u s t one example) , and i t would seem t o me t h a t t h e r e
are enough e t h n i c g r i e v a n c e s l y i n g around t h e c o u n t r y t h a t t h i n g s c o u l d
q u i t e e a s i l y t a k e an unexpected and r a p i d t u r n f o r t h e worse.
Accordingly,
I would l i k e t o have seen i n t h e e s t i m a t e a l i t t l e b i t more u n c e r t a i n t y
about t h e l i k e l i h o o d t h a t I n d i a ' s c u r r e n t l y p o s i t i v e economic t r a j e c t o r y i s
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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l i k e l y t o continue.
A somewhat t r i c k i e r p o i n t has t o do w i t h how many " t i g e r s "
(or " t i g e r
cubs") A s i a can g i v e b i r t h t o , a t l e a s t i n t h e s h o r t t o medium term. I'm
not sure t h a t one s h o u l d n e c e s s a r i l y assume t h a t t h e e x p e r i e n c e o f South
Korea, t h e PRC, M a l a y s i a , e t c . can be r e p l i c a t e d ad i n f i n i t u m . Aside from
the obvious d i f f e r e n c e s from c o u n t r y t o c o u n t r y , one wonders whether t h e r e
i s enough f o r e i g n investment c a p i t a l a v a i l a b l e (and I would t h i n k t h a t t h i s
i s c l e a r l y one o f t h e d r i v e r s behind t h e T i g e r s ' success) t o s u s t a i n r a p i d
growth i n I n d i a as w e l l as i n China, M a l a y s i a , e t c . I n o t h e r words, what
are t h e l i m i t s t o growth f o r t h e r e g i o n as a whole, and i s i t a zero-sum
game past a c e r t a i n p o i n t ? I'm n o t a t r a i n e d economist, so I don't have
answers here. But t h e e s t i m a t e doesn't seem t o be aware o f t h i s as a
question.
J u s t some musings; t h e y might n o t be w o r t h a whole l o t .
Dave Sherman
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
13-Jun-1994 11:53 EDT
MEMORANDUM FOR:
FAUVER
WHYMAN
NONRECORD
FROM:
( FAUVER@A1@0E0B )
( WHYMAN@A1@0E0B )
( NONRECORD@Al@OEOB )
shermand
(shermand@NSCSTF@OEOB@MSGATE@VAXB)
SUBJECT:
EO 13526 1.4c, EO 13526 3.5c
Message Creation Date was a t 13-JUN-1994 11:44:00
FULL TEXT BEING FORWARDED HARD COPY
A d d i t i o n a l Header I n f o r m a t i o n Follows
C I T N LIBRARY P O O O Y
LN O
HTCP
DEOASSIFIED IN PART
PERE. O. 13526 .
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i inrjuuuuuuuLJi innnnnnmamDXDGD
C N O LB A Y P O O O Y
UT N IRR HTCP
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�2E934F48.FIN
Page 1 of 5
MSMail
DATE-TIME
05 October 94 18:14
FROM
White House Situation Room
CLASSIFICATION
SECRET
SUBJECT
Subject: 5 October 1994 PM Summary[SECRET]
TO
Alexander, Anne D.
Andreasen, Steven P.
Andricos, George M.
Aoki, Steven N.
Baldwin, Kenneth
Beers, Rand R.
Bell, Robert G.
Beyrle, John R.
Bieda, James M.
Blakeman, Earle C.
Branscum, Larry
Bums, Nicholas R.
Buzalko, Russell J.
Carman, James A.
Clarke, Richard A.
Claussen, Eileen B.
Clements, William L.
Crispell, Thomas G.
Danvers, William C.
Darragh, Sean J.
Deshazer, Macarthur X.
Dragone, Karen D.
Fauver, Robert E.
Feinberg, Richard E.
Forsythe, Rosemarie C.
Fried, Daniel
Froman, Michael B.
Gates, Brian K.
Genton, Regina A.
Gerstner, Christina L.
Gottemoeller, Rose E.
Greer, Roy A.
Guekel, Kathi A.
Hahn, Keith D.
Halperin, Morton H.
Hamilton, Roy A.
Harris, Elisa D.
Haskell, Jennifer
Herrington, David E.
DECLASSIFIED I N PART
PERE. O. 13526
ao\o- 0L.39- r v 1
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Hofmarm, Stephen D.
Indyk, Martin S.
Jensen-Moran, Jeri L.
Jones, Steven R.
Kerrick, Donald L.
Kreczko, Alan J.
Kristoff, Sandra J.
Kyle, Robert D.
Laipson, Ellen B.
Lebourgeois, Julien D.
Marmol, Madelyn P.
Marshall, Dana M.
Martinez, Alejandro
McGeath, Timothy A.
Merchant, Brian
Miller, Matthew E.
Mitchell, Calvin A.
Murphy, Miles R.
Niemerski, Stephen
O'Loughlin, Katherine
Pitman, James N.
Poneman, Daniel B.
Punke, Michael W.
Reed, James W.
Reed, George
Rice, Susan E.
Rocha, Victor M.
Rossin, Larry
Ross, Thomas B.
Roth, Stanley D.
Satterfield, David M.
Schifter, Richard
Schwartz, Eric P.
Sevigny, Theodore T.
Silger, Ralph
Sonenshine, Tara D.
Spalter, Jonathan H.
Steinberg, Donald K.
Suettinger, Robert L.
Tenet, George J.
Cathryn, Thorup L.
Turner, Joe T.
Unrue, Michael M.
Vershbow, Alexander R.
Wallack, Matthew D.
Walsh, Helen C.
Weber, Paul A.
Whyman, William E.
Witkowsky, Anne A.
Wolin, Neal S.
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�2E934F48.FrN
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Wooton, Kevin B.
CARBON_COPY
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TEXT BODY
SITUATION ROOM EVENING SUMMARY
Octobers, 1994
SECRET
WESTERN HEMISPHERE
HAITI: Parliament convened at mid-day to debate various amnesty
proposals...Embassy comments no votes are expected today. Meanwhile, FAdEH
First Bureau head Colonel Jodel Lessage will be named to replace Michel
Francois as police chief, according to USDAO reporting...Embassy believes
appointment will be temporary, pending AristideEs return. Separately,
commercial air flights into Port au Prince International Airport were
cleared to resume following vesterdavfisxertification by FAA. (S) Port au
Prince Telcon; FAA Telcon; EO 13526 1 Ac
PANAMA: Legislature yesterday voted by large margin to amend 1972
constitution and permanently abolish army...second country after Costa Rica
in Central America to ban armed forces. New law allows for training of
police forces to defend Panama in case of foreign aggression. (U) Reuter
1533
EUROPE/EURASIA
BOSNIA: UN special envoy Akashi met with Bosnian Serb leader Karadzic in
Pale to seek reopening of Sarajevo Airport...rejected Serb demand to share
control of airport...said UN ready to airdrop humanitarian aid into
Srebrenica if necessary. Poor weather delayed implementation of Saturdayfis
UN-mediated agreement for medical evacuations and prisoner exchanges
between
Bosnian Muslim and Bosnian Serb authorities. (€) Reuter 1144, 1153, 1160;
UPI 1695
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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EO 13526 1.4c
ALBANIA: Delegation to Council of Europe ruled out any intervention by
Tirana to overturn conviction offiOmoniaFive.E (U) Reuter 0795
SECRET
Classified by Multiple Sources
Declassify on: OADR
SECRET -2RUSSIA: Federation Council reconvened today and is reorganizing itself to
play larger role in legislative preparation, according to Embassy...will try
to seize initiative on issues that affect regions, especially legislation on
local self-government and law determining future composition of
Council...successful session will raise prominence of both the institution
and speaker Shumcyko...also will serve as national platform for ShumeykoEs
presidential ambitions.
(G) Moscow 28767
UKRAINE: Crimean parliament voted to amend constitution and reduce
President MeshkovEs powers...Meshkov denounced move as illegal and called it
^constitutional coupE...deputies ordered stricter security around parliament
to guard against retaliatory measures by Meshkov. Meanwhile, Ukrainian
President Kuchma formally asked Rada to join NPT before it comes up for
renewal next year...parliament currently not in session. (U) Reuter 1309,
1486, 1504
NEAR EAST/SOUTH ASIA
PEACE PROCESS: Israel and PLO ended talks on Palestinian elections, with
Israel rejecting participation of groups opposed to peace process, according
to press. Palestinians asked Egyptian Foreign Minister Moussa to mediate
dispute whether to include East Jerusalem in Palestinian elections...talks
scheduled to resume on Monday in Cairo. Meanwhile, Israel and Jordan agreed
to construct two dams in northern area of Jordan River to expedite agreement
on water sharing. (U) Reuter 1123, 0943; FBIS 0505; UPI 1529
ASIA
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
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EO 13526 1.4c
NORTH KOREA: Deputy Foreign Minister announced at UN General Assembly
that
Kim Jong-il is supreme leader and supreme commander of armed forces...Kim
will carry the title as EDear LeaderE. (U) Reuter 1700, 1711
AFRICA
ZAIRE-RWANDA: Demonstration in Goma by Zairian youths brought relief
efforts to a halt, according to press...crowds reportedly angered by killing
of prominent businessman by Zairian troops last night. Meanwhile,
international aid workers returned to Goma refugee camp seized by Hutu
militiamen last Friday...food distribution will resume tomorrow. (U) Reuter
0600; UPI 0640
SECRET
Classified by Multiple Sources
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CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�INFORMATION MEMORANDUM TO TONY
Subject:
Roadmap Memo: Ad Hoc Meeting on Rwanda, August 5
BACKGROUND
The r e l i e f e f f o r t has progressed s t e a d i l y . K i g a l i a i r p o r t i s now
24-hour o p e r a t i o n a l , paving t h e way f o r an expansion o f t h e US
and i n t e r n a t i o n a l humanitarian missions. As i n Goma, t h e supply
of water I n K i g a l i i s t h e c r i t i c a l issue and we have agreed t o
f u r n i s h up t o 10,000 l i t e r s o f d i e s e l f u e l f o r t e n days t o r u n
the g e n e r a t o r s .
S e c u r i t y i n t h e camps i n Zaire remains a major concern, and King
Hassan o f Morocco has thus f a r demonstrated l i t t l e enthusiasm f o r
a deployment o f h i s t r o o p s t o p r o v i d e s e c u r i t y i n and around Goma
and Bukavu.
The RPF-led government continues t o make encouraging noises on
r e c o n c i l i a t i o n and t h e deployment o f UNAMIR I I , r e p o r t e d l y
agreeing t h a t t h e Ghanaian c o n t i n g e n t c o u l d move i n t o t h e French
"safe zone" upon w i t h d r a w a l o f Operation Turquoise t r o o p s , t h a t
RPF f o r c e s would n o t deploy t o t h e southwest (a move t h a t c o u l d
p r e c i p i t a t e f u r t h e r o u t f l o w s ) , and t h a t A f r i c a n t r o o p s engaged
w i t h t h e French would be p e r m i t t e d t o j o i n UNAMIR I I a t t h e
conclusion o f t h e French mission.
AGENDA ITEMS AND POINTS TO BE MADE
I . Introduction
EO 13526 1.4c
Status of four r e l i e f "packages": You should ask where we are on
each of these packages: a i r p o r t hub, a i r p o r t s e r v i c e s , l o g i s t i c s
and water. Some NGOs have expressed concerns that we are waiting
for NGOs and others to come forward i n providing tankers to
transport the water and not providing i t ourselves. You should
ask whether i t i s our intention to completely meet the
requirements of t h i s package (as we have generally indicated) or
whether to only f i l l i n the gaps.
DECLASSIFIED I N PART
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CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
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�You should ask about other e s s e n t i a l requirements, such as
s a n i t a t i o n , how the i n t e r n a t i o n a l commuinty intends to deal with
such requirements and how we might contribute.
III.
Consideration
(OSD/JCS).
of Phase 2: operating i n s i d e Rwanda
At t h e l a s t meeting, DOD was tasked t o c o o r d i n a t e a proposal i n
c o n j u n c t i o n w i t h t h e UN and w i t h S t a t e and AID. The J o i n t Task
Force Commander on t h e scene i s due today t o r e p o r t h i s
recommendations t o EUCOM. You should ask DOD rihmild be ready t o
•report p r e l i m i n a r y f i n d i n g s a t t h e meeting tomorrow. This i s
becoming i n c r e a s i n g l y urgent given t h e r e l u c t a n c e o f refugees t o
return.
IV.
Expanding UNAMIR (OSD)
OSD w i l l r e p o r t on progress i n r e c r u i t i n g i n troops and p r o v i d i n g
them w i t h l i f t and equipment. You should ask where we stand on
t h i s . The most l i k e l y a d d i t i o n a l c o n t r i b u t o r s are E t h i o p i a ,
Zambia, T u n i s i a , N i g e r i a and Zimbabwe. PM has apparently c r a f t e d
a gameplan f o r r e c r u i t i n g troops t h a t we have n o t y e t r e c e i v e d
but may g e t t o n i g h t .
Meanwhile, the UN has f i n a l l y approved leases and purchases of US
equipment for the Ghanaian battalion as well as for l i f t of the
B r i t i s h and other contingents. You should press OSD to commit to
an aggressive
time-line for delivering the equipment and
providing the l i f t .
V.
Burundi (State)
At t h e l a s t meeting, State was tasked t o develop a h i g h l e v e l
i n t e r n a t i o n a l e f f o r t (perhaps w i t h an OAU heads o f s t a t e mission)
t o a s s i s t Burundi i n n a t i o n a l r e c o n c i l i a t i o n and avoidance o f
widespread human r i g h t s abuses. We expect a State paper on t h i s
issue t o n i g h t and w i l l p r o v i d e i t t o you as soon as i t comes i n .
I n any event, S t a t e w i l l be prepared t o b r i e f on t h i s issue a t
t h e meeting.
In view of the p o t e n t i a l for an e s c a l a t i o n of violence, you
should ensure that State presents an action plan rather than a
thought paper on t h i s i s s u e .
VI.
The Hutu Army i n Zaire/Moroccan troops (State)
Armed Hutu elements i n Z a i r e : A t t h e l a s t meeting, s e v e r a l ideas
where o f f e r e d t o deal w i t h t h i s issue, such as expanding UNAMIR
CITN LBAY P O O O Y
LNO IRR H T C P
�i n t o Z a i r e , announcing t h a t r a n k - a n d - f i l e Hutu s o l d i e r s would not
be punished, u r g i n g the French and Belgians t o encourage Mobutu
t o not t o o f f e r sanctuary f o r armed elements and p r o v i d i n g women
w i t h food r a t i o n s so as t o l i m i t the power o f Hutu men.
Morocco: Marc Ginsberg i n Morocco b e l i e v e s i t h i g h l y u n l i k e l y
t h a t King Hassan w i l l y i e l d on th«.troop issue unless the
President or t h e Vice President makes a telephone a p p e a l ^ The
Moroccan p o s i t i o n takes on p a r t i c u l a r s i g n i f i c a n c e i n l i g h t o f
r e p o r t s o f former Rwandan armed f o r c e s encamped t o g e t h e r i n Z a i r e
under r e l a t i v e l y d i s c i p l i n e d command. A food r i o t a t a camp near
Kibumba, Z a i r e , p o s s i b l y i n c i t e d by Hutu m i l i t i a , a l s o
underscores t h e need f o r r a p i d deployment of e x t e r n a l s e c u r i t y
forces.
State w i l l be prepared t o discuss whether King Hassan might be
persuaded on t h i s issue. You should a l s o ask State t o review
o t h e r means t o h e l p ensure s e c u r i t y . For example, State/PRM has
suggested t h a t State/PM review whether t h e r e i s any u s e f u l way we
could help Z a i r o i s or ( w i t h respect t o Rwandan i n Tanzania)
Tanzanian f o r c e s t o m a i n t a i n s e c u r i t y .
VII.
Promoting R e p a t r i a t i o n (State/OSD/JCS)
P r i n c i p l e s t o Guide the R e p a t r i a t i o n E f f o r t : While we should
encourage UNHCR t o be f o r w a r d - l e a n i n g on r e p a t r i a t i o n , i t may be
worth p o i n t i n g o u t t h a t we need t o be c a r e f u l n o t t o g e t ahead o f
the o r g a n i z a t i o n on t h i s i s s u e . We can and should encourage
v o l u n t a r y r e p a t r i a t i o n and a s s i s t spontaneous movements, but our
p r i n c i p a l goal must be t o encourage c o n f i d e n c e - b u i l d i n g among
refugees, as w e l l as c o n d i t i o n s i n Rwanda t h a t f a c i l i t a t e r e t u r n
-- and not t o f o r c e or pressure Rwandans t o go back.
State has prepared an action plan r e l a t i n g to r e p a t r i a t i o n which
has yet to be interagency cleared but has s e v e r a l e x c e l l e n t
suggestions (such as emplacement of human r i g h t s monitors in
Rwanda). You should ask that the paper be interagency-cleared
and presented to the next Ad Hoc meeting.
Information Campaign: OSD should be prepared to report on radio
broadcasting designed to better inform Rwandans about conditions
i n Rwanda. According to OSD, a psyops team with a 400 watt radio
was ready toleave for Zaire but was put on hold by the JTF
commander, who apparently argued that there was adequate radio
coverage i n the area. You should ask about that.
CITN LBAY P O O O Y
LNO IRR H T C P
�You should also ask about reports of resumed broadcasting from
hardline Hutu elements and actions that might be taken to address
this issue.
Promoting Reconciliation i n Rwanda: State should be asked to
report on what they have done on t h i s i s s u e , such as e f f o r t s to
encourage the RPF to broaden i t s base.
CITN L B A Y P O O O Y
LNO I R R H T C P
�Battenfield, Pat A.
From:
To:
Cc:
Subject:
Date:
DeShazer, MacArthur
@NSA - Nat'l Security Advisor; @UP - APNSA Special Assistants
Battenfield. Pat A.; Clarke, Richard A.; Owen, Elisa J.; Steinberg, Donald K.
R/ CONFIDENTIAL^Nlew Rwandan Exodus
Saturday, August 13,1994 11:36AM
Tony:
This is an urgent action message:
You no doubt have already seen reports of an increased nutflnw of refugees from the French security zone in the
HI
direction Bukavu. Zaire. I have spoken with the) EO 13526 1.4c
fand confirmed that the crossing rate is
approximately 650 refugees per hour - up from ZbU. As suggested in the morning
this may be the
beginning of a larger, catastrophic migration into Zaire of up to three million refugeesT]
pelieves that there is a
direct correlation between the French withdrawal from the security zone and the increased outflow^
Conversations this morning with Refugees International and other NGO/PVOs confirm the same.
In the face of this impending massive migration, I recommend (Dick Clark concurs and will contact you
separately) that you contact your French counterpart and make the following points:.
Talking Points:
-
The impending pull-out of French troops from southwestern Rwanda
threatens to be de-stabilizing. As I am sure you know, the Rwandans
in that region do not, at present, have confidence that a UN force
(UNAMIR) will be able to maintain the peace as have the French.
I would like your government to consider delaying the planned
phasedown (already underway) and departure of French troops (planned
for completion August 22) because it could lead to another massive
outflow of refugees in the direction of Bukavu, Zaire.
We see evidence already that the crossing rate into Zaire has
already increased from 250 per hour to 650.
Early repatriation of these refugees is increasingly unlikely until the
international community puts in place a network of foreign human rights
monitors inside Rwanda. We are working with the international community
to move this process and UNAMIR deploymentquickly but we need your
troops to delay their departure until it is in place. I hope we can count on
you.
NOTE: Tony, as you know, our 280 military personnel in Kigali are rapidly turning over their tasks to civilian
contractors in an effort to reduce U.S. presence there. To avoid causing new waves of panic among the civilian
population of Rwanda and the refugees, we might want to consider delaying an immediate phasedown or
withdrawal of U.S. military forces until this present crisis passes.
Mac
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POINTS TO BE MADE FOR TONY LAKE MEETING ON
Rwanda w i t h Tom Lippman, Washington Post
Background:
1.
There a r e two themes r u n n i n g c o n n c u r r e n t l y i n t h e media:
a) The US h u m a n i t a r i a n response has been o u t s t a n d i n g and t h e
r o l e o f o u r m i l i t a r y i n h u m a n i t a r i a n e f f o r t s exemplary.
This
view has been r e i n f o r c e d by r e t u r n i n g members o f l a t e August's
P r e s i d e n t i a l Mission t o Central A f r i c a .
or
b) Our engagement i n t h e r e g i o n was t o o l i t t l e t o o l a t e i n t h e
h u m a n i t a r i a n and d i p l o m a t i c arenas, because we t u r n e d o u r back a t
l a s t year's e t h n i c f i g h t i n g i n Burundi and a t t h e b e g i n n i n g o f
the Rwandan f i g h t i n g , and we a r e now s h i r k i n g a PeaceKeeping
responsibility.
Lippman may harbor b o t h s e n t i m e n t s .
2. T o t a l U.S. m i l i t a r y f o r c e s i n t h e r e g i o n i s now s l i g h t l y more
than 800 t r o o p s : as o f 6 September 674 i n Entebbe; 3 i n K i g a l i ,
131 i n Mombasa, 20 i n N a i r o b i . There a r e about 3,800 o t h e r UN
t r o o p s i n t h e r e g i o n , most from A f r i c a n n a t i o n s . (U)
3. UNAMIR r e p o r t s t h a t c o n d i t i o n s i n Rwanda a r e g e n e r a l l y secure
w i t h o c c a s i o n a l s e c u r i t y i n c i d e n t s . Many d i s p l a c e d people a r e
r e t u r n i n g t o t h e i r homes i n Rwanda from B u r u n d i . (U)
4. CIA r e p o r t i n g i n d i c a t s t h a t up t o 5,000 s o l d i e r s and
m i l i t i a m e n l o y a l t o t h e former Rwandan government a r e o p e r a t i n g
i n t h e former h u m a n i t a r i a n p r o t e c t i o n zone i n t h e Southwest.
5. I n B u r u n d i , CIA r e p o r t s t h a t RPF t r o o p s may a l s o be
i n f i l t r a t i n g Burundi t o s u p p o r t t h e T u t s i m i l i t a r y l e a d e r s h i p
t h e r e , and t h e n e g o t i a t i o n s f o r an i n t e r i m government a r e
f r a g i l e . (g)
^"
Talking Points:
Humanitarian
Assistance
The U.S. has been i n t h e f o r e f r o n t o f t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l
community's response t o t h e h u m a n i t a r i a n c r i s i s i n C e n t r a l
A f r i c a . We have p r o v i d e d more than $250 m i l l i o n toward
r e g i o n a l r e l i e f e f f o r t s and have shipped about 100,000
m e t r i c tons o f food f o r Rwandans a f f e c t e d by t h e c r i s i s . We
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w i l l propose a supplemental
review.
2
a s s i s t a n c e package now under
Our m i l i t a r y has performed t h e h u m a n i t a r i a n m i s s i o n assigned
t o i t by t h e P r e s i d e n t i n exemplary f a s h i o n . Our mandate
from t h e P r e s i d e n t was t o open a r e g i o n a l food and r e l i e f
s u p p l i e s t r a n s p o r t a t i o n hub based i n Entebbe b u t a l s o
o p e r a t i n g i n Mombasa, N a i r o b i and K i g a l i . We a l s o took
r e s p o n s i b i l i t y t o s e t up t h e l o g i s i t i c s f o r water and food
d i s t r i b u t i o n , e s p e c i a l l y i n t h e r e l i e f camps i n Goma.
We succeeded w i t h these o b j e c t i v e s . A t t h e end o f August,
the P r e s i d e n t despatched a m i s s i o n o f d i s t i n g u i s h e d p r i v a t e
c i t i z e n s , experienced i n r e l i e f and development work, l e d by
Congress Donald Payne and A f r i c a r e P r e s i d e n t Mr. C. Payne
Lucas. T h e i r r e p o r t c o r r o b o r a t e s t h a t o f most observers i n
the r e g i o n t h a t t h e immediate needs o f f o o d , water and
h e a l t h have been met and can be s u s t a i n e d by p r i v a t e
organizations.
For your background i n f o r m a t i o n , I have a chronology o f t h e
US government's h u m a n i t a r i a n a s s i s t a n c e t o Rwanda.
Our Next Steps
We w i l l c o n t i n e t o work c l o s e l y w i t h t h e Rwandan government
t o c r e a t e c o n d i t i o n s conducive f o r t h e r e t u r n o f r e f u g e e s .
This e f f o r t w i l l i n c l u d e development a s s i s t a n c e t o h e l p them
r e b u i l d a d e s t r o y e d i n f r a s t r u c t u r e such as r e - e s t a b l i s h i n g
telecommunications and e l e c t r i c i t y .
We a r e a l s o c o o p e r a t i n g w i t h t h e UN t o c r e a t e a War Crimes
T r i b u n a l t o p r o s e c u t e those suspected o f l e a d i n g t h e c a l l t o
genocide.
Th UN w i l l need t o deploy human r i g h t s m o n i t o r s
and s e v e r a l s u p p o r t p e r s o n n e l , such as f o r e n s i c e x p e r t s , t o
assist i n the investigations.
I t i s i m p o r t a n t t o proceed
c a r e f u l l y w i t h t h e t r i b u n a l process t o a v o i d any p e r c e p t i o n
t h a t i t may become a w i t c h h u n t , and t h e r e b y discourage
i n n o c e n t people from r e t u r n i n g .
Our d i p l o m a t i c s t r a t e g y i s t o remain a g g r e s s i v e l y engaged
w i t h t h e new Rwandan government and t h e p a r t i e s i n Burundi
t o press them t o m a i n t a i n m i l i t a r y d i s c i p l i n e and work
toward n a t i o n a l r e c o n c i l i a t i o n .
Our Ambassadors i n b o t h
n a t i o n s have made i t c l e a r t h a t US development a i d i s
c o n t i n g e n t on t h e i r e f f o r t s t o form p e a c e f u l , r e p r e s e n t a t i v e
governments. Much o f Burundi's f o r e i g n a s s i s t a n c e from t h e
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US has a l r e a d y been reduced o r suspended pending t h e
r e s o l u t i o n o f t h i e r p o l i t i c a l impasse.
We a r e a l s o working c l o e s l y w i t h a l l n a t i o n s i n t h e r e g i o n
t o g a i n t h e i r c o o p e r a t i o n i n p r e v e n t i n g a n o t h e r round o f
f i g h t i n g by Hutu m i l i t i a f o r c e s now t r y i n g t o r e g r o u p
o u t s i d e o f Rwanda.
The P r e s i d e n t w i l l a l s o c a r e f u l l y study t h e r e p o r t and
recommendations from t h e r e t u r n i n g d e l e g a t i o n t o C e n t r a l
Africa.
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Summary o f Conclusions
DATE:
LOCATION:
TIME:
SUBJECT:
August 30, 1994
S i t u a t i o n Room
2:30-4 30 pm.
Summary o f Conclusions o f t h e Ad Hoc Meeting on
Rwanda fS->
PARTICIPANTS:
The Vice President's O f f i c e
David Rhodes
STATE
George Moose
P h y l l i s Oakley
AID
B r i a n Atwood
Richard McCall
OSD
Ted Warner
V i n c e n t Kern
Timothy Connolly
OMB
Gordon Adams
Bruce Sasser
The White House
Nancy Soderberg
CIA
C h a r l i e Snyder
JSC
Jared Bates
David M c l l v o y
NSC
Dick Clarke
Susan Rice
Mac DeShazer
Summary o f Conclusions
1)
U.S. Assistance t o UN R e l i e f E f f o r t s
State/RPM w i l l c o n s u l t w i t h UNHCR on_JCS p l a n s " t o complete
the hand-over and w i t h d r a w a l o f U.S. forces"TronTKTga-ti and •
Entebbe^by September 30. S t a t e w i l l r e p o r t t h e r e s u l t s t o t h e Ad
Hoc Group a t i t s next meeting, scheduled f o r Wednesday, September
7. A t t h e same meeting, JCS w i l l r e p o r t on i t s plans f o r l e a v i n g
behind equipment i n t h e r e g i o n and on t h e s t a t u s o f r e l e v a n t
commercial c o n t r a c t s t o be taken over by t h e UN. fG-)
Next week, upon i n t e r a g e n c y agreement t o t h e proposed
w i t h d r a w a l schedule, OSD/JCS w i l l implement a press s t r a t e g y t h a t
summarizes U.S. accomplishments i n Operation Support Hope and
announces t h e t i m e t a b l e f o r t h e U.S. w i t h d r a w a l and plans f o r
handing over equal o r b e t t e r c a p a b i l i t i e s t o UNHCR. fG-)
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State/AID w i l l d r a f t and c l e a r interagency a paper proposing
a d d i t i o n a l U.S. c o n t r i b u t i o n s o f goods and s e r v i c e s t o UNHCR,
e.g. p l a s t i c s h e e t i n g , f o r k l i f t s , a i r p o r t equipment, e t c . The
paper w i l l be ready f o r d e c i s i o n a t t h e next Ad Hoc Meeting.
2)
D e a l i n g w i t h t h e Rwandan Army i n Z a i r e
-- S t a t e w i l l c o n s u l t w i t h t h e Government o f Z a i r e t o determine
more p r e c i s e l y t h e Z a i r i a n p l a n f o r moving FAR f o r c e s and exgovernment o f f i c i a l s from t h e camps i n Goma and Bukavu. Based on
the outcome o f these d i s c u s s i o n s , we may encourage t h e Z a i r i a n s
t o seek t h e v o l u n t a r y agreement o f t h e Rwandan f o r c e s t o move
westward. S t a t e w i l l c o n s u l t w i t h t h e UN, French and Belgians on
t h e i r w i l l i n g n e s s t o a s s i s t Z a i r e i n t h i s e f f o r t . (S)
-USUN w i l l request t h a t t h e UN Department of Peacekeeping
Operations conduct an e s t i m a t e o f t h e s e c u r i t y requirements i n
the refugee camps i n Z a i r e and assess t h e o p t i o n o f expanding
UNAMIR t o meet those requirements. USUN w i l l a l s o begin low-key
c o n s u l t a t i o n s w i t h UNAMIR t r o o p c o n t r i b u t o r s and o t h e r s i n New
York about t h e p o s s i b i l i t y o f expanding UNAMIR's mandate and AOR
t o improve s e c u r i t y i n t h e refugee camps i n Z a i r e . (G)
-In a d d i t i o n , OSD w i l l d r a f t i t s own estimate o f t h e s e c u r i t y
requirements i n t h e refugee camps i n Z a i r e . The paper w i l l be
ready by t h e next Ad Hoc Meeting. fG-)
3)
A c c e l e r a t i n g UNAMIR Deployment
OSD, working w i t h o t h e r agencies, w i l l c o n t i n u e t o l e a d
e f f o r t s t o f a c i l i t a t e and a c c e l e r a t e UNAMIR's deployment. fG^
USUN w i l l press t h e UN t o deploy t h e Tunisians immediately,
emphasizing t h e urgency o f t h e requirement f o r a d d i t i o n a l troops
i n t h e South East, Northwest and p o s s i b l y i n Z a i r e . USUN should
i n f o r m UN o f f i c i a l s t h a t t h e U. S. w i l l make a payment o f $335
m i l l , t o t h e UN t h i s week.
4)
Reported RPF A t r o c i t i e s i n S.E. Rwanda
The U.S. w i l l c o n t i n u e t o m o n i t o r c l o s e l y a l l e g a t i o n s o f RPF
a t r o c i t i e s i n S.E. Rwanda i n o r d e r t o e v a l u a t e t h e i r v e r a c i t y and
e f f e c t any necessary p o l i c y adjustments. fS-)
5)
Radios
-- The U.S. w i l l p r o v i d e no a d d i t i o n a l support f o r Radio K i g a l i
(AM), which i s now b r o a d c a s t i n g i n t o Z a i r e . fS-)
The U.S. w i l l seek c l a r i f i c a t i o n from t h e UN about i t s
request f o r equipment and support f o r a UNAMIR r a d i o s t a t i o n , i n
p a r t i c u l a r whether t h e s p e c i f i c a t i o n s provided a r e an a b s o l u t e o r
n o t i o n a l requirement.
S t a t e w i l l then ask USIA i f VOA can make
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a v a i l a b l e a t r a n s m i t t e r and other assets f o r lease t o UNAMIR
under t h e UN P a r t i c i p a t i o n Act.
f-fr)
Following location/evaluation^ 14
. c of t h e o f f e n d i n g r a d i o
s t a t i o n ( s ) , OSD w i l l p r o v i d e c o n t r a c t i n f ormation t o t h e UN t o
enable i t t o o b t a i n t h e equipment necessary t o b l o c k r e c e i p t o f
the r a d i o broadcasts i n t h e camps. S t a t e w i l l a l s o t a l k t o t h e
French about t h e i r c a p a b i l i t y and w i l l i n g n e s s t o b l o c k
t r a n s m i s s i o n o f t h e broadcasts, i f t h e U.S. were t o p r o v i d e t h e
r e q u i r e d t e c h n i c a l i n f o r m a t i o n . (S)
-1
6)
Burundi
S t a t e w i l l c o n t i n u e t o pressure t h e Burundi m i l i t a r y t o
r e s i s t coup p l o t s . fe-)
S t a t e w i l l work w i t h t h e Europeans t o d e l i v e r a common
message t o Burundi s t r e s s i n g t h a t f u t u r e development a s s i s t a n c e
w i l l depend on a p e a c e f u l r e s o l u t i o n t o t h e c u r r e n t c r i s i s . ( € )
--- S t a t e w i l l proceed c a r e f u l l y w i t h proposals f o r human r i g h t s
monitors i n Burundi t o ensure t h a t t h e personnel f o r any such
mission are well-chosen and provided a r e a l i s t i c mandate. fG-)
S t a t e w i l l c o n t i n u e t o explore t h e p o s s i b i l i t y o f o r g a n i z i n g
an i n t e r n a t i o n a l conference on r e g i o n a l issues t o be h e l d i n s i d e
Burundi. f€-)
7) Bujumbura A i r p o r t
JCS has completed i t s assessment o f Bujumbura a i r p o r t and
estimates t h a t t h e needs o f Rwandan refugees i n Burundi can be
s a t i s f a c t o r i l y met from K i g a l i . Moreover, t h e Bujumbura a i r p o r t
does n o t have as l a r g e through-put c a p a c i t y as t h e a i r p o r t i n
K i g a l i . f€-)
To open Bujumbura a i r p o r t t o U.S. r e l i e f f l i g h t s , JCS
estimates t h a t i t w i l l be necessary t o e s t a b l i s h an a i r h e a d
comparable t o t h a t i n K i g a l i w i t h approximately 200 U.S.
personnel on t h e ground. fS-)
I f t h e d e c i s i o n i s made t o open Bujumbura A i r p o r t f o r
p o l i t i c a l reasons, DOD w i l l present o p t i o n s f o r e s t a b l i s h i n g an
v i a b l e a i r h e a d . The Ad Hoc Group w i l l discuss a t i t s next
meeting whether t o pursue t h i s p o s s i b i l i t y . fS-)
8) Congressional
Relations
Agencies w i l l complete t h e r e p o r t s t o Congress due September
1, by t h e middle o f next week. OMB w i l l c o n s u l t w i t h
a p p r o p r i a t i o n s committee s t a f f , i n f o r m i n g them t h a t we a n t i c i p a t e
a s l i g h t delay i n t r a n s m i s s i o n . (U)
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Battenfield, Pat A.
From:
To:
Cc:
Subject:
Date:
DeShazer, MacArthur
@NSA - Nat'l Security Advisor; @UP - APNSA Special Assistants
/R, Record at A1; ©AFRICA - African Affairs; @GLOBAL - Global Affairs
[OOHriDCHTIAL] Presidential Mission - Debriefing
Wednesday, August 31,1994 8:08PM
Tony/Sandy/Nancy:
This is a quick read out of the immediate feedback from the Presidential Mission just back from Zaire, Rwanda
and Burundi. Tbey will submit a full report within seven days.
Appearing tired and clearly moved by their experience Congressman Payne, C. Payne Lucas and members of
the mission debriefed George Moose and me this afternoon in the Roosevelt Room. Leading with Payne and
Lucas, each of the 22 members provided their key observations from the visit. A summary of those observations
follows:
OBSERVATIONS:
- Congressman Payne and others were very complimentary of the Administration for its "foresight" (mentioned
several times) in sending the mission and fortte "creative mix" of its members. .
- Payne was also complimentary of the role that Ambassador (former Senator) Bob Kreuger is playing in
Burundi. He said, "Kreuger is the right person for this difficult job and is representing the U.S. there very well.
- The U.S. efforts (particularly our military personnel and NGO's) in the regions have made a significant
difference and have generated great respect for the American people — the story needs to be told! Members
committed to telling the story at every opportunity when they returned to their locations (most had timed media
events with their return home). All feel that we must keep America focused on this problem because it is far from
over.
- As mission members interacted with government and civilian citizens in Rwanda and Burundi, they were
astounded by the lack remorse by almost everyone. This signals the need to move the War Crimes Tribunal
forward as quickly as possible. This, they believe, must use this to serve notice to neighboring countries that
they cannot kill their citizens with impunity. Urged the U.S. to do what it could to push this.
- Repatriation is a big problem! Payne suggested that we communicate to Mobutu or someone responsible in
the government that the Zairian soldiers in the region are impeding progress. The number of repatriated refugees
could be higher if these soldiers were not present in the region.
- Broadcasts from the radio station are still having an impact, not only in Rwanda but in Burundi as well. Payne
and all members echoed the sentiment that something must be done to silence this station. (FYI: at the Ad Hoc
mpptinn vpstprrlav it was concluded that following location/evaluation of the statior]
EO 13526 1.4c
OSD will provide equipment and/or contract information to the UN to enable it to block
receipt of the radio broadcasts in the camps. State will also talk to the French about their willingness to block
transmission of the broadcasts, if the U.S. provided the required technical information. The U.S. is also seeking
clarification from the UN about its request for equipment and support for a UNAMIR radio station. State will then
ask USIA if VOA can make available a transmitter and other assets for lease to UNAMIR under the UN
participation Act.)
- Unaccompanied children is a very serious problem! Shelter is the most immediate need particularly since the
rains and colder weather will arrive soon. The children, however, are doing will and are the basis for hope.
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�- We must somehow separate out from the civilian refugees from the government militia and officials, many of
whom are still carrying weapons. These Hutus are organizing systems that are contributing to instability.
- Both Rwanda and Burundi need to be strengthened in order to survive. Suggested that the World Bank,
African Development Bank or someone needs to provide financial help to get these countries on their feet.
- Human Rights Monitors must be beefed up as quickly as possible. The Burundian Defense Minister said he
would welcome monitors. Many members indicated that they are connected with organizations that are willing to
provide monitors if a system is developed to facilitate their involvement.
- Genocide must be taken more seriously in the U.S. - if we do not do this and move more quickly with the War
Crimes Tribunal the evidence will disappear because (unlike in Cambodia) there are no records of the atrocities
except in peoples memories.
- A major conference must be organized to help countries in the region address their problems.
- The new government in Rwanda was praised for pursuing an effective policy of diffusing ethnic tension - this
is not happening in neighboring Burundi.
Some members have asked for a brief audience with the President - a schedule proposal will follow soon.
Mac DeShazer
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INFORMATION
MEMORANDUM FOR ANTHONY LAKE
THROUGH:
RICHARD A. CLARKE
FROM:
SUSAN E. RKST
SUBJECT:
Briefing Memo for Ad Hoc Meetrngfon Rwanda, Sl^tT?, 1994, 10:30 am
EO 13526 1.4c
Security in the Zairian refugee camps odntinues to deteripi'ate, while the international
community wrings its hands over what to do ^rbout it. Violence mav increase once the French
complete their pull-out from Goma, scheduled for today. Hutu militias, former FAR forces, and
ill-disciplined Zairian soldiers remain the principal security threat.
In Rwanda, reports of atrocities in the southeast are mounting, indicating that the RPF or
its sympathizers may be engaged in a deliberate campaign of violence. U.S. officials and human
rights activists repeatedly have expressed concern to the Kigali government. The government
^ s ^ J admits some renegades may be involved in retribution but deny any concerted campaign.
0
Meanwhile, clashes are increasingly likely in the former French zone where the Interhamwe is
'
again active and the RPF plans to move in to "restore security". UNAMIR has reached a
strength of over 4,000. The long-awaited Zambian battalion is now fully deploying, but the
tU^^Tunisian battalion is still awaiting a green light from UN HQ.~w
e
In Burundi, the succession issue may be near resolution, but the country remains on the
^ ^ • ^ ^brink of disaster.
I. Operation Support Hope
Withdrawal on "Auto-Pilot": At the Ad Hoc Meeting last Tuesday, JCS briefed that
there were approximately 200 U.S. servicemen still in Kigali and several hundred more in
Entebbe. Despite assurances last week that U.S. forces would complete a gradual withdrawal
from Kigali and Entebbe by September 30 and that the military would halt further movements
until State has consulted with UNHCR, the military has since withdrawn all but 5 U.S. servicemen
in Kigali (all to be out by Sept. 15) and 685 in Entebbe. State has not yet heard from UNHCR on
whether our withdrawal schedule poses any problems. Meanwhile, JCS will not commit to put
further withdrawals on hold.
Taskings "Up in the Air": At the last AHG meeting, State/AID were tasked to
recommend what further assistance the USG should provide UNHCR before departing the region.
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(See Tab I : Summary of Conclusions of August 30 AHG meeting). State has not produced that
paper because it lacks needed input from UNHCR. Nor has OSD prepared a press strategy
explaining our accomplishments, withdrawal plans, and the future of U.S. assistance in the region
(i.e. equipment loans, additional support during September, etc.). OSD claims they do not know
what we will offer UNHCR or what our agreed withdrawal plan is.
Your Goal; After asking JCS to brief its withdrawal schedule and plans for leaving behind
equipment and contractual arrangements for UNHCR, you should tell the Pentagon to halt
all further withdrawals from the region until we hear from UNHCR and decide what
additional responsibilities we will assume prior to withdrawal. You should ask State to brief
on UNHCR's remaining requirements and AID recommendations for additional USG
assistance (e.g. airport support, vehicles, forklifts, plastic sheeting, long-haul transport,
etc.). You should try to gain agreement from the Pentagon to meet as many of those needs
as possible. Finally, you should press OSD to submit a press strategy by Friday.
II. Security in the Zaire C a m p s ^ e - ^ o**u*i<l. m \ ) s U ^
-W>U.
There is no promising solution to this potenually explosive situation. The Zairians
jCr~ v^o^**^
continue to plan for the removal of 20,000 ex-FAR troops and 100 former Rwandan govemmerfr'f
^
officials from the Zaire border camps to the interior. They have asked the UN, U.S. and others^^ ^CVJ^
for financial assistance. Following discussions with UN officials in New York and Zairian o f f i c i a l s ^ ^ j .
in Kinshasa, it remains unclear how the Zairians intend to move the troops, if, as js likely, they are - ^ U ^
unwilling to move voluntarily. Hence, there is cause for considerable skepticism.
V
The UN Secretariat has responded coolly to the notion of expanding UNAMIR's area of
responsibility (AOR) and mandate to cover the camps in Zaire, arguing that additional troops will
be hard to find, the UNSC may be reluctant to change the mandate, and it would be several
months before the UN could expand across the border. The UN is equally dubious (as we are) of
finding capable private contractors to provide security and training the Zairians to provide
security themselves.
Faced with no palatable remedies, no one is doing anything. Yet, we cannot afford
EO 13526 1.4c
continued inertia.
In addition, DOD has will
produce an estimate of the force requirements for restoring order to the camps.
Your goal: You should instruct State to draft a cable to UNSC capitals recommending the
temporary expansion of UNAMIR's AOR and mandate to include providing security to the
camps in Zaire. This could be accomplished by shifting some UNAMIR troops into Zaire
long enough to assist Zaire with moving out the ex-FAR forces. In making this proposal,
State should acknowledge that we see this as the least bad outcome- although far
preferable to doing nothing- and that we remain open to better solutions.
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III. UNAMIR Deployment
A9r
UNAMIR augmentation is on track except for the Tunisian battalion, which the UN is
holding back, despite the Tunisians'readinessto deploy. The UN now anticipates deployment at
the end of the month, claiming that they are awaiting USG-supplied equipment in Germany to
arrive in Kigali. DOD will not move the equipment until we have formal legal assurances that the
UN will accept the terms of the lease. In addition, UN officials claim that UNAMIR presently
lacks the logistics infrastructure to integrate the Tunisian battalion into the force. DOD's once
energetic commitment to UNAMIR deployment seems to be waning, as does the UN's.
Your goal: You should urgeDOD to move the equipment from Germany immediately,
even if on the basis of a letter (receivedfromthe UN) rather than the usual formal
documentation, which is still pending in a UN committee. In addition, USUN should seek
clarification of UNAMIR's purported logigjifcal problems and again press the UN to deploy
the Tunisians soonest,
-V"
IV. Radios
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An OSD paper on the status of the radios is at Tab II. In short, the UN requested U.S.
and UK assistance in setting up an independent Radio UNAMIR. State, OSD and USIA will try
to meet the equipment requirements by lease arrangements. USG representatives will travel to the
UN on Wednesday to discuss the UN's specific requirements. Depending on the outcome of that
meeting, we may soon face the issue of whether to supply the UN with approximately 26 USG
civilian engineers to run the radio in Kigali.
the location and technical
specifications of the radio station(s) broadcasting incendiary messages into the camps. This data
was to have been given to the UN along with equipment leasing information to enable the UN to
jam or override the hostile broadcasts. However, the UN has indicated informally that UNAMIR
will not jam the hate radios, presumably due to a knee-jerk desire to maintain its ostensible
neutrality.
EO 13526 1.4c
This leaves us with the same old dilemma. The options are: 1) press the UN to change its
mind; 2) pass a resolution ordering UNAMIR to jam; 3) take on the lamming role ourselves,
which will require placing U.S. military personnel on the ground; 4)| EO 13526 1.4d [French into
doing it, which is unlikely to succeed, or; 5) do nothing.
Your goal: You should gain agreement that the USG will provide any needed support to
the UN to establish Radio UNAMIR, including detailing civilians to assist in operating the
radio. You should instruct USUN to press the UN to jam the hate radios. If this fails,
USUN should seek support for a resolution authorizing UNAMIR to jam any hate radios in
the region. Then the USG must provide the UN lease information for equipment and the
technical specifications.
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V. Burundi
While progress is being made on the presidential succession issue in Burundi, there is a
high risk that any agreement could be scuttled by extremists on either side. Moreover, an
agreement in itself will not end the crisis in Burundi. Most recently, 9 civilians were killed and 17
wounded over the weekend in an attack by the armed forces in northern Burundi. In addition,
both sides are drawing up lists of opponents, a step that preceded the killings in Rwanda.
While at something of loss as to what more we can do. State continues its strategy of
gentle persuasion in Burundi along with a proposal for a regional refugee crisis in Burundi, which
has only tepid support. The U.S. supports the dispatch of UN human rights monitors to Burundi,
but Embassy Bujumbura remains concerned they may have a destabilizing or nugatory effect.
State has agreed to work with other donor governments to warn the Burundi parties that future
assistance will depend on a peaceful resolution of the current crisis.
In addition, at Tab III is a proposal from Professor Rene Lemarchand (a world expert on
Burundi and currently a consultant to AID in Abidjan) and two other leading international experts
for a EU-U.S.-UN-sponsored roundtable among the principal parties in Burundi. The goal would
be to provide a forum for dialogue among the key political actors as well as a detailed agenda and
the active consultative support of the sponsors.
U o - ^ ^jftcAbl*^
Finally, OSD and JCS continue to resist use of Bujumbura airport as a secondary airhead
to Kigali and will take no action without a high-level instruction from the White House.
Your goal: You should ask State for an update on their efforts with respect to Burundi,
particularly the status of the human rights monitors and discussions with donors on
withholding aid. You should also ask StateV(o consider the possibility of pursuing the
roundtable concept proposed by Lemarchanckand report back to the next AHG. (NB:
George Moose has received this proposal). 1
Concurrences by:
Mac Deshazer '
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Attachments
A1
Tab I
Agenda
Tab II
Summary of Conclusions, Ad Hoc Meeting of August 30
Tabin
OSD Paper on Radios
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Tab IV
Prof. Lemarchand's Proposal on Burundi
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
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September 16, 1994
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR ANTHONY LAKE
THROUGH:
RICHARD CLARKE
FROM:
TIMOTHY J. ATKIN')/
SUBJECT:
T r a n s i t i o n o f Operation Support Hope i n Rwanda
Attached a t Tab I i s a memorandum t o t h e President recommending
t h a t he approve t h e DOD-proposed t i m e l i n e f o r w i t h d r a w a l o f U.S.
m i l i t a r y forces from t h e Rwanda C r i s i s Area (RCA). According t o
t h i s t i m e l i n e , U.S. forces would g r a d u a l l y depart t h e RCA
( K i g a l i , Entebbe, and N a i r o b i ) and complete withdrawal by
September 28. State, AID, OSD, and JCS concur w i t h t h i s t i m e l i n e .
There are no o u t s t a n d i n g requests from UNHCR t h a t n e c e s s i t a t e a
continuous U.S. m i l i t a r y presence i n t h e r e g i o n beyond t h e end o f
the month.
Attached a t Tab I I i s DOD's paper on t h e t r a n s i t i o n o f Operation
Support Hope, which you requested a t t h e l a s t Ad Hoc meeting.
(Sentences i n bold-face r e f l e c t d i f f e r e n c e s between t h e agencies.
They are a l l r e l a t i v e l y minor.)
At Tab I I I i s the d e t a i l e d press s t r a t e g y you requested a t t h e
September 7 Ad Hoc meeting. We have n o t y e t received AID/State's
s t r a t e g y paper on assistance t o the new Rwandan government over
the next s i x months.
At Tab IV i s a DOD assessment o f t h e UN resources t h a t would be
r e q u i r e d t o improve s e c u r i t y i n the Goma refugee camps.
UPDATE ON THE SITUATION IN RWANDA:
S e c u r i t y i n t h e Z a i r e Camps:
There r e m a i n ; j ^ j j o o d
options"
f o r s o l v i n g t h i s problem, State has r e c e n t l y proposed that" camps e c u r i t y would be enhanced by breaking l a r g e camps i n t o smaller,
more manageable u n i t s and r e l o c a t i n g / r e m o v i n g i n t i m i d a t i n g
people. State/AF b e l i e v e s U.S. m i l i t a r y assistance w i t h s i t e
p r e p a r a t i o n i n these camps i n Zaire i s d e s i r a b l e , because i t
would expedite the e f f o r t and be h e l p f u l s y m b o l i c a l l y { ? ) ) .
Others i n State acknowledg e t h a t t h i s work can be done w i t h o u t
m i l i t a r y assistance.
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DOD s t r o n g l y views s i t e p r e p a r a t i o n by t h e m i l i t a r y as
creep" and does not support j t h i s expansion o f t h e i r mission. We
b e l i e v e use of U.S . ^ m i l i t a r y ^ f o r c e s f o r t h i s new mission i s J
unnece"ssary and i n a p p r o p r i a t e ' "OFDA i s c u r r e n t l y ' f u n d i n g
equipment and personnel, i n c o o r d i n a t i o n w i t h UNHCR, t o prepare
new camp s i t e s i n t h e Goma area.
UtyAMIR Deployment: The advance p a r t y from the^800-member7
I n d i a n force w i l l a r r i v e i n t h e region by the end of'*next'""weeT!:
and"the remainder o f t h e f o r c e should a r r i v e by 30 September.
The U.S. may be asked t o move some of the I n d i a n heavy equipment.
1
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The remainder o f t h e .Zgrnhian?contingent (approximately 600)
should be ready t o move on 23 September. No U.S. a i r l i f t
capability i s required.
;
There i s no f i r m date as t o when the. _Tunisians/will move i n t o t h e
t h e a t e r . The UN appears t o be slowing t h e Tunisian deployment
and a c c e l e r a t i n g the I n d i a n s . The UN has also rescinded i t s •
request t o t h e U.S. f o r t r a c k e d APCs f o r t h e Tunisian b a t t a l i o n ,
having f i n a l l y r e a l i z e d t h a t wheeled APCs (not i n U.S. s t o c k ^
are p r e f e r a b l e because they do not t e a r up t h e roads. The U.S.
w i l l continue t o press t h e UN t o deploy t h e Tunisians-- w e l l t r a i n e d French-speaking t r o o p s - - who should make a v a l u a b l e
c o n t r i b u t i o n t o UNAMIR.
Radios: Radio UNAMIR should be o p e r a t i o n a l w i t h i n a few
weeks. The U.S. i s p r o v i d i n g production c a p a b i l i t i e s , and
B r i t a i n i s providing transmitters.
We have.no evidence t h a t Radio. MilX.es ..Collines/ (the Rwandan hate
r a d i o ) .hks broadcast i n r e c e n t weeks ,' a i t hough t h e Burundi h a t e '
r a d i o i s s t i l l s a i d ' t o be ""active/.
14
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unable t o
i d e n t i f y the p r e c i s e l o c a t i o n o f t h e hate radios from i t s base i n
K i g a l i . The frequency range i n question i s dominated by
powerful, l e g i t i m a t e s t a t i o n s broadcasting from o t h e r p a r t s o f
A f r i c a . Embassy K i g a l i has warned]
lagainst t r a v e l i n g west t o
the Zaire border, where they may be able t o d e t e c t t h e s t a t i o n s ,
f o r s e c u r i t y reasons.
-
I t appears^the only remaining means of stopping t h e broadcasts i s
..to .locate-'personnel .close, t o t h e stations., and use equipmeht t h a t
would block r a d i o ' r e c e p t i o n i n t h e v i c i n i t y J We must decide
whether t o pursue e f f o r t s t o stop the hate radios and, i f so,
how. There are f i v e o p t i o n s :
•
•
Do Nothing.
Attempt to pass a UNSC resolution mandating that UNAM'^k
' biock the hate radios £
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Provide t h e ' z a i r i a n o r Burundian Government w i t h the;
equipment an'd e x p e r t i s e ' t o block t h e r a d i o s .
• :Provide t h e Rwandan Government w i t h t h e same c a p a b i l i t y /
•
Do i t w i t h U.S. personnel.
A l l o f these are problematic o p t i o n s . I f you want t o pursue the
r a d i o issue, we should use t h e next Ad Hoc Meeting t o reach a
d e c i s i o n on how t o proceed.
Burundi: There i s growing i n s t a b i l i t y i n Burundi w i t h
sporadic v i o l e n c e o c c u r r i n g throughout t h e country, i n c l u d i n g i n
Bujumbura. While t h e v i o l e n c e i s o f t e n d i r e c t e d a t p o l i t i c a l l y
s i g n i f i c a n t i n d i v i d u a l s , there are no f i r m i n d i c a t i o n s ( i . e .
l i s t s ) t h a t t h i s i s an organized o r c o o r d i n a t e d e f f o r t . The
Embassy continues t o r e p o r t t h a t t h e s i t u a t i o n i s not as bad as
media r e p o r t s . Now t h a t the p o l i t i c a l d e a l i s f i n a l i z e d i n
Burundi, b u r s t s o f v i o l e n c e from both Hutus and T u t s i s could
indicate extremist discontent.
State b e l i e v e s t h e proposal, by Prof,. Lemarchand w i l l not be
v i a b l e b u t t h a t L i o n e l ' Rosenblatt's? recommendations may be
h e l p f u l a t a l a t e r date.
Press S t r a t e g y : We b e l i e v e t h e press s t r a t e g y proposed by
.DOD..(.Tab I I I ) i s c r e a t i v e and ambitious, b u t may go t o o f a r i n
; p o r t r a y i n g t h e m i l i t a r y withdrawal as t h e end of a successful,
operation.; This i s not t h e s i t u a t i o n . Although t h e m i l i t a r y
provided c r i t i c a l support and d i d a g r e a t j o b , the m i l i t a r y
e f f o r t was only one element of a massive i n t e r n a t i o n a l
humanitarian e f f o r t .
In our view, t h e press p o i n t s should s t r e s s t h a t m i l i t a r y support
i s no longer r e q u i r e d i n what i s an ongoing humanitarian r e l i e f
e f f o r t . Nevertheless, the U.S. w i l l c o n t i n u e to. provide other
forms o f assistance. We recommend no White Hous§ ceremon^
t o u t i n g our w i t h d r a w a l , given the s i m u l t a n e i t y of events i n H a i t i
and t h e r i s k t h a t we may declare v i c t o r y only t o see the
s i t u a t i o n d e t e r i o r a t e i n t h e coming months. However, .'.a. m i l i t a r y J
base v i s i t j i f i t can be arranged, may be a p p r o p r i a t e .
The withdrawal t i m e l i n e should be announced i n a . O press
DD
statement. We have no o b j e c t i o n t o t h e proposed Perry op-ed ps
long as i t stresses t h a t the" m i l i t a r y e f f o r t i s merely one p a r t
of a much l a r g e r and on-going humanitarian e f f o r t . F i n a l l y , an
op-ed from one o f t h e NGOs o r a member o f t h e President's s p e c i a l
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mission, h i g h l i g h t i n g t h e p o s i t i v e c o n t r i b u t i o n made by t h e U.S.
m i l i t a r y , would be i d e a l .
Congressional Issues: Late l a s t week, State and OSD
submitted t h e r e p o r t s t o Congress due September 1. Another
r e p o r t o u t l i n i n g t h e withdrawal plan i s due September 15, and
w i l l go up as soon as t h e President approves the withdrawal plan
described a t Tab I .
The r e p o r t w i l l resemble a shortened,
s a n i t i z e d v e r s i o n o f t h e DOD paper a t Tab I I . OMB has t h e lead on
c o o r d i n a t i n g t h e r e p o r t among t h e agencies.
Concurrences by:
Susan^&se^ Mac DeShazer, Tara Sonenshine
RECOMMENDATION
That you sign t h e memorandum t o the President a t Tab I ;
a d d i t i o n a l l y , t h a t you approve the press s t r a t e g y o u t l i n e d above.
Approve
Disapprove
Attachments
Tab I Memorandum f o r t h e President
Tab I I DOD Paper on Support Hope T r a n s i t i o n
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MSMai
DATE-TIME
03 November 94 17:56
FROM
White House Situation Room
CLASSIFICATION
SECRET
SUBJECT
Subject: WHSR Evening Summary 3 Nov 94 [SECRET]
TO
Alexander, Anne D.
Andreasen, Steven P.
Andricos, George M.
Aoki, Steven N.
Baldwin, Kenneth
Beers, Rand R.
Bell, Robert G.
Beyrle, John R.
Bieda, James M.
Blakeman, Earle C.
Branscum, Larry
Burns, Nicholas R.
Buzalko, Russell J.
Carman, James A.
Clarke, Richard A.
Claussen, Eileen B.
Clements, William L.
Crispell, Thomas G.
Danvers, William C.
Darragh, Sean J.
Deshazer, Macarthur X.
Dragone, Karen D.
Fauver, Robert E.
Feinberg, Richard E.
Forsythe, Rosemarie C.
Fried, Daniel
Froman, Michael B.
Gates,' Brian K.
Genton, Regina A.
Gerstner, Christina L.
Gottemoeller, Rose E.
Greer, Roy A.
Guekel, Kathi A.
Hahn, Keith D.
Halperin, Morton H.
Hamilton, Roy A.
Harris, Elisa D.
Haskell, Jennifer
Herrington, David E.
CUNTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
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B
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Hofmann, Stephen D.
Indyk, Martin S.
Jensen-Moran, Jeri L.
Jones, Steven R.
Kerrick, Donald L.
Kreczko, Alan J.
Kristoff, Sandra J.
Kyle, Robert D.
Laipson, Ellen B.
Lebourgeois, Julien D.
Marmol, Madelyn P.
Marshall, Dana M.
Martinez, Alejandro
McGeath, Timothy A.
Merchant, Brian
Miller, Matthew E.
Mitchell, Calvin A.
Murphy, Miles R.
Niemerski, Stephen
O'Loughlin, Katherine
Pitman, James N.
Poneman, Daniel B.
Punke, Michael W.
Reed, James W.
Reed, George
Rice, Susan E.
Rocha, Victor M.
Rossin, Larry
Ross, Thomas B.
Roth, Stanley D.
Satterfield, David M.
Schifter, Richard
Schwartz, Eric P.
Sestak, Joseph A.
Sevigny, Theodore T.
Silger, Ralph
Sonenshine, Tara D.
Spalter, Jonathan H.
Steinberg, Donald K.
Suettinger, Robert L.
Tenet, George J.
Cathryn, Thorup L.
Turner, Joe T.
Unrue, Michael M.
Vershbow, Alexander R.
Wallack, Matthew D.
Walsh, Helen C.
Weber, Paul A.
Whyman, William E.
Witkowsky, Anne A.
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
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Wolin, Neal S.
Wooton, Kevin B.
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TEXT BODY
SITUATION ROOM EVENING SUMMARY
November 3, 1994
SECRET
EUROPE/EURASIA
CROATIA: Zagreb officials met with Serb Krajina leader Mikelic today to
discuss restoring trade and communications, according to press...meeting
focused on restoring water and electricity to towns near ceasefire lines,
reopening Zagreb-Belgrade highway and oil pipeline between Croatia and
Krajina...ICFY mediators Lord Owen and Thorvald Stoltenberg reported
progress and described talks as EconstructiveE...Zagreb officials hope
reintegration of Krajina into Croatia will follow economic agreement. (U)
Reuters 1229, 0337, 1330
BOSNIA: Bosnian Croat forces reportedly captured town of Kupres in Bihac
region today, according to press. Serbs attempting to reinforce positions
in western Bosnia as result of recent defeats, EO 13526 1.4c comments
Serb counterattack in Bihac region may occur by 10 November. Meanwhile, UN
Ambassador Sacirbey told General Assembly that Bosnia would rather have arms
embargo lifted than have UNPROFOR remain, according to press. Separately,
Scandinavian Airlines flight 347 with 122 people on board en route Oslo
hijacked by Bosnian national...upon landing in Oslo hijacker demanded to
speak to Bosnian diplomat and establishment of an open corridor for movement
of electricity, food, water and people in Bosnia...after several hours of
^eeatialiQns.himclceiLD.e.a.c.efully surrendered to Norwegian officials.
Oslo 6227; State Telcon; Reuters 0115, 1330; FBIS
3066
i
RUSSIA: Minister for Environment Kostin told UN environmental committee in
Geneva that Moscow would consider U.S. assistance to evaluate Komi oil
spill, according to U.S. Mission in Geneva...offer of assistance reportedly
would have to be made through diplomatic channels so Russian officials could
be privately consulted before commitments are made. Although Kostin
indicated U.S. assistance would be valuable, he said officials in Komi
report situation under control., .local officials report 14,033 tons of oil
spread over 68 square kilometers of water and marsh...oil reportedly highly
viscous to point that £it can be formed into a ball.E (€) Geneva 9436
GREECE:
C N O LB A Y P O O O Y
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EO 13526 1.4c
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2
NEAR EAST/SOUTH ASIA
LEBANON:
GAZA: Chairman Arafat forced from mosque in Gaza City today, according to
press... approximately 3,000 angry mourners prevented Arafat from delivering
prayer during funeral of Palestinian leader killed by car bomb...crowds
chanted EYou are not our leader!...we reject you.fi (U) AP 0545
AFRICA
RWANDA: Fourteen Hutus reportedly killed by government soldiers during
forceful evacuation of refugee camps in southwest Rwanda, according to
press...as result, international relief organizations threatened to pull out
of refugee camps unless security is improved...demanded all weapons be
removed from camps. (U) Reuters 0403; AP 0534
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MSMail
DATE-TIME
15 November 94 17:15
FROM
White House Situation Room
CLASSIFICATION
SUBJECT
SECRET
Subjectrprfs6GHETJ WHSR PM SUMMARY FOR 15 NOV 94
TO
Alexander, Anne D.
Andreasen, Steven P.
Andricos, George M.
Aoki, Steven N.
Baldwin, Kenneth
Beers, Rand R.
Bell, Robert G.
Beyrle, John R.
Bieda, James M.
Blakeman, Earle C.
Branscum, Larry
Bums, Nicholas R.
Buzalko, Russell J.
Carman, James A.
Clarke, Richard A.
Claussen, Eileen B.
Clements, William L.
Crispell, Thomas G.
Danvers, William C.
Darragh, Sean J.
Deshazer, Macarthur X.
Dragone, Karen D.
Fauver, Robert E.
Feinberg, Richard E.
Flessas, Daniel
Forsythe, Rosemarie C.
Fried, Daniel
Froman, Michael B.
Gates, Brian K.
Genton, Regina A.
Gerstner, Christina L.
Gottemoeller, Rose E.
Greer, Roy A.
Guekel, Kathi A.
Hahn, Keith D.
Halperin, Morton H.
Hamilton, Roy A.
Harris, Elisa D.
Haskell, Jennifer
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. O. 13526
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Page 2 of 5
Herrington, David E.
Hofmann, Stephen D.
Indyk, Martin S.
Jensen-Moran, Jeri L.
Jones, Steven R.
Kerrick, Donald L.
Kreczko, Alan J.
Kristoff, Sandra J.
Kyle, Robert D.
Laipson, Ellen B.
Lebourgeois, Julien D.
Marmol, Madelyn P.
Marshall, Dana M.
Martinez, Alejandro
McGeath, Timothy A.
Merchant, Brian
Miller, Matthew E.
Mitchell, Calvin A.
Murphy, Miles R.
Niemerski, Stephen
O'Loughlin, Katherine
Pitman, James N.
Poneman, Daniel B.
Punke, Michael W.
Reed, James W.
Reed, George'
Rice, Susan E.
Rocha, Victor M.
Rossin, Larry
Ross, Thomas B.
Roth, Stanley D.
Satterfield, David M.
Schifter, Richard
Schwartz, Eric P.
Sestak, Joseph A.
Sevigny, Theodore T.
Silger, Ralph
Sonenshine, Tara D.
Spalter, Jonathan H.
Steinberg, Donald K.
Suettinger, Robert L.
Tenet, George J.
Cathryn, Thorup L.
Turner, Joe T.
Unrue, Michael M.
Vershbow, Alexander R.
Wallack, Matthew D.
Walsh, Helen C.
Weber, Paul A.
Whyman, William E.
CUNTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�2EC96B46.FIN
Page 3 of 5
Witkowsky, Anne A.
Wolin, NealS.
Wooton, Kevin B.
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TEXT BODY
SITUATION ROOM EVENING SUMMARY
November 15, 1994
SECRET
EUROPE/EURASIA
BOSNIA-NATO: NAC agreed in Brussels today to reassess situation in Bihac,
including U.S. proposal for 10 km exclusion zone, after consultations with
UNPROFOR and NATO. State comments U.S. proposal generated little
enthusiasm...NAC will only consider establishment of zone if neutrally
administered and troops can be identified for policing zone. Separately,
NATO ambassadors formally agreed to maintain arms embargo on Bosnia...said
abrupt U.S. move would have little real effect and stressed need to preserve
alliance unity. Russian, French, and British Foreign Ministers will meet in
Paris Friday to discuss Bosnia. (€) State Telcon; Reuter 0556, 0706
EO 13526 1.4c
GERMANY: Parliament reelected Chancellor Kohl on first ballot...Kohl said
completion of GermanyEs inner unity and European unification will be
priorities for next four years...expected to announce new cabinet Thursday.
Embassy expects no major changes in prominent ministerial positions
although Kohl reportedly told party colleagues he would like fiyounger
cabinet.E Opposition leader Scharping would not speculate on coalitionEs
future, but said
Kohl£s election not good start. (U) Bonn 27870; Reuter 0393; FBIS 151053
Nov 94
IRELAND: Prime Minister Reynolds facing no-confidence vote
tomorrow...appealed to Labor and opposition to consider consequences of
govemmenths collapse on peace process. Labor leader Spring will reflect on
ReynoldsE comments, but played down likely impact of ReynoldsE removal on
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
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momentum of peace process. (U) Reuter 1230
TURKEY-GREECE: Prime Minister Ciller announced Ankara will not allow
Greece
to create fait accompli and extend territorial waters in Aegean beyond six
miles...called on Athens to display common sense...reiterated Turkey did not
sign UN Law of Sea Treaty that goes into effect to morrow... said seas with
special characteristics as Aegean should be subject to different status.
(U) FBIS 151200 Nov 94
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SECRET -2ASIA
INDONESIA: East Timorese protesters remain on Embassy compound and
continue
to ask for meeting with Secretary Christopher...press reports group is
interested in asylum in Portugal, although Timorese have presented no
petition to Embassy. (G)-Jakarta 10958
AFRICA
ANGOLA: Government and UNITA rebels signed ceasefire...truce will remain in
effect until formal pact signed Sunday. (U) AP 0734
RWANDA: UNHCR will not pull out of Rwandan refugee camps in Bukavu,
Zaire
because of violence...said although it had failed to deal with Hutu EthugsE
intimidating refugees, it does not have option to withdraw. (U) Reuter 0658
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Page 1 of 4
MSMail
DATE-TIME
22 December 94 17:56
FROM
White House Situation Room
CLASSIFICATION
SECRET
SUBJECT
Subject: WHSRM Evening Summary 22 December 1994[SECRET]
TO
Andreasen, Steven P.
Andricos, George M.
Aoki, Steven N.
Baldwin, Kenneth
Beers, Rand R.
Bell, Robert G.
Beyrle, John R.
Bieda, James M.
Blakeman, Earle C.
Branscum, Larry
Bums, Nicholas R.
Buzalko, Russell J.
Clarke, Richard A.
Claussen, Eileen B.
Clements, William L.
Crispell, Thomas G.
Danvers, William C.
Darragh, Sean J.
Deshazer, Macarthur X.
Dragone, Karen D.
Fauver, Robert E.
Feinberg, Richard E.
Flessas, Daniel
Forsythe, Rosemarie C.
Fried, Daniel
Froman, Michael B.
Gates, Brian K.
Genton, Regina A.
Gerstner, Christina L.
Greer, Roy A.
Guekel, Kathi A.
Hahn, Keith D.
Halperin, Morton H.
Hamilton, Roy A.
Harris, Elisa D.
Haskell, Jennifer
Herrington, David E.
Hofmann, Stephen D.
Indyk, Martin S.
CUNTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PERE. O. 13526
�2EFA3B02.FIN
Page 2 of 4
Jensen-Moran, Jeri L.
Jones, Steven R.
Kerrick, Donald L.
Kreczko, Alan J.
Kyle, Robert D.
Laipson, Ellen B.
Marmol, Madelyn P.
Marshall, Dana M.
Martinez, Alejandro
Stefan T. Mauzy
Merchant, Brian
Miller, Matthew E.
Mitchell, Calvin A.
Murphy, Miles R.
Niemerski, Stephen
O'Loughlin, Katherine
Pitman, James N.
Poneman, Daniel B.
Punke, Michael W.
Reed, James W.
Reed, George
Rice, Susan E.
Rocha, Victor M.
Ross, Thomas B.
Roth, Stanley D.
Satterfield, David M.
Schifter, Richard
Schwartz, Eric P.
Sestak, Joseph A.
Sevigny, Theodore T.
Silger, Ralph
Spalter, Jonathan H.
Steinberg, Donald K.
Suettinger, Robert L.
Tenet, George J.
Cathryn, Thorup L.
Turner, Joe T.
Unrue, Michael M.
Vershbow, Alexander R.
Wallack, Matthew D.
Walsh, Helen C.
Weber, Paul A.
Whyman, William E.
Wise, Jeffrey B.
Witkowsky, Anne A.
Wolin, Neal S.
Wooton, Kevin B.
CARBON_COPY
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CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
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SITUATION ROOM EVENING SUMMARY
December 22, 1994
SECRET
EUROPE/EURASIA
RUSSIA: Russian aircraft continued heavy bombing of Groznyy, according to
Embassy Moscow...two units of Russian Marines en route to be used in
vanguard of troops closing in on Groznyy. President Yeltsin last night
issued address to Chechens...pledged they would have right to decide their
own fate once order restored...also asserted Chechnya will Eagain become
full-fledged subject of Russian Federation.E Meanwhile, American
photographer was killed in bombing raid overnight, according to Embassy
London. (G) Moscow 36769; London 19926
EO 13526 1.4c
ITALY: Prime Minister Berlusconi resigned...will remain in caretaker
role...President Scalfaro will begin consultations tomorrow on formation of
new government. (GfRome 20108; Reuter 0448
UKRAINE: President Kuchma asked Rada to pass law strengthening his powers,
according to press...law would give Kuchma power to appoint cabinet members
and judges and dissolve parliament under certain conditions...would also
give parliament right to call referendum on confidence in president. Kuchma
and parliament deadlocked over several points on compromise draft and it
appears he may push for vote early next week. Embassy comments there is
still possibility Rada leadership will choose to avoid confrontation and
agree to last-minute compromise deal. (€) Kiev 11171; Reuters 0716,0728
NEAR EAST/SOUTH ASIA
SYRIA: Damascus officially announced that meeting between Syrian and
Israeli ambassadors to U.S. would be held in Washington today. (U) Reuter
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1472
AFRICA
BURUNDI: UN Security Council called for halt to ethnic violence, fearing
repeat of massacres that claimed hundreds of thousands of lives in Rwanda
earlier this year...nearly thirty people have been killed in clashes this
week in Burundi. (U) Reuter 1091
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Declassified documents concerning Rwanda
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2010-0639-M
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This Mandatory Declassification Review contains material on Rwanda, from the files of National Security Council African Affairs director, Donald Steinberg, from 1993 through 1994. Included are emails, cables, and memos providing situation updates on the crisis in Rwanda.
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Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
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Foreign Policy
Rwanda