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�Draft 1/9/99 2am
PRESIDENT WILLIAM J. CLINTON
STATE OF THE UNION ADDRESS
UNITED STATES CAPITOL
January 19,1999
Mr Speaker, Mr Vice President, Members of Congress, honored guests, my fellow
Americans:
[Let me begin by saluting the new Speaker of the House. On the day he assumed the
Speakership, Denny Hastert told this chamber that "solutions to problems cannot be found in
a pool of bitterness." I strongly agree. We must rise above rancor, put progress ahead of
partisanship, and focus on the people's business. We should heed the words of Thomas
Jefferson, who in 1801 asked a bitter and divided Congress to restore "that harmony and
affection without which liberty and even life itself are but dreary things." The times in which
we live are anything but dreary. They are exciting, and challenging. Outside these walls, in
schools, businesses and churches, across our nation, Americans of different backgrounds and
beliefs are working together to meet those challenges. They have a right to demand no less of
us.]
I have the honor tonight of reporting to you on the State of our Union, at the threshold of
the 21st Century. I believe this next century will be a time of unimaginable progress for our
nation—of vast new economic opportunities, stunning scientific discoveries, remarkable advances
in the health and happiness of our people-advances we are already beginning to glimpse. If we
act, act now, and act together, we can meet the great challenges and seize the even greater
opportunities of this bold new era. We can build an America in the 21 st Century that stronger
1
�than any nation the world has ever known.
The century we are leaving has been called the American century. Our nation won two
world wars and a long Cold War against tyranny. We overcame economic Depression and lifted
millions into the world's greatest middle class. We wiped discrimination from the books and
began to purge it from our hearts. America has been tested by tremendous adversity, and each
time has triumphed, becoming stronger, freer, more prosperous, and more indispensable to the
world.
Six years ago, we faced a new challenge. America had lost its way in the strong
headwinds of economic change. The federal budget deficit, painful symbol of political gridlock,
was nearly $300 billion and rising. The standard of living was stagnant for working families.
Crime, welfare, drug use seemed destined to worsen forever. Citizens of other nations saw the
United States as another one of history's great powers facing inevitable decline.
But Americans did not believe that. When I assumed the Presidency six years ago
tomorrow, I told our nation that "there is nothing wrong with America that cannot be cured by
what is right with America." I believed then — and I believe still — that if we offered opportunity
to all, demanded responsibility from all, and built a community of all, "We, the people" could
renew our nation.
And so we have. For six years, with energy, daring and drive, we have risen to the
2
�challenge of change. Our people have proven that even the optimists can't do justice to America.
With more than 17 million new jobs, wages rising at twice the rate of inflation, the lowest
unemployment and inflation in a quarter century, the highest homeownership ever, cutting edge
new industries, we have created a new economy. Here's one for the record books: our peacetime
economic expansion is now the longest in history.
Tonight, I stand before you the first president in three decades to report that the budget is
not just balanced, but in surplus.
Tonight, I stand before you to report that crime and welfare are at their lowest point in a
quarter century.
Tonight, I stand before you to report that the environment is the cleanest in a quarter
century, and that we have cut pollution from factories in half ~ even as our economy has
boomed.
Tonight, I stand before you to report that America stands strong - a force for peace in
lands torn by ancient hatreds, bringing reconciliation to Northern Ireland, to Bosnia, to the
Middle East. And every American should be proud that our fighting men and women have
struck hard at an arsenal of terror in the hands of a dictator - and have done so without losing a
single American life.
3
�In all this, we are renewing government so it once again is a progressive instrument of the
common good. We have discarded the old assumptions that we must either seek to dam up the
currents of economic change ~ or tell our people to sink or swim on their own. America needs a
progressive government - a modem government that lives within its means - a flexible, creative
government driven not by rigid ideology, but by ideas that work. We are building a 21st Century
government for a 21st Century America.
Perhaps most important of all, we have proved again to ourselves and the world that when
America faces a challenge, we meet it. This young nation, bom in revolution and renewed in
each generation, once again is building a new America for a new time. At the time of the first
State of the Union Address, President Washington said that succeeding generations must carry
forward "the sacred fire of liberty" which is "finally staked on the experiment entrusted in the
hands of the American people." My fellow Americans, at the end of one American century and
the dawn of another, that sacred fire bums brightly. The State of our Union is strong.
At a time like this, it would be easy, and understandable, for a nation to relax, to savor its
success. But we cannot allow the hum of our prosperity to lull us into complacency. New times
pose new perils even as they open wide new vistas of opportunity.
Yes, America is working again. But we have not yet met the long-term challenges our
people face in the 21 st Century. We can build an even stronger economy for the 21 st Century with a secure retirement system, strong and modem schools, and opportunity spreading
4
�throughout the nation. We can build strong families for the 21st Century, with health care and
child care. We can build strong communities for the 21st Century, pressing our fight against
crime and weaving strong new threads of community. We can - and we must ~ exert American
leadership for peace and security in a world of new threats.
There will never be a better time to meet these challenges than now ~ now, with our
budget in surplus, our economy growing, and above all, our confidence rising. Here is what we
must do.
BUILDING A 21ST CENTURY ECONOMY
Fiscal discipline/Social Security
We begin by building an economy for the 21st Century. It is no accident that America
leads the new economy. Its qualities - innovation, ambition, flexibility, teamwork - are at
the core of the American character. From biotech to aerospace, from autos to software, we
are living in an American economic renaissance.
When I took office, the budget deficit for this year was projected to be $400 billion.
Today, we have a $70 billion surplus. The federal government is the smallest since — well, since
John Glenn first orbited the Earth. Thanks to the pioneering leadership of Vice President Gore,
we have reinvented our government, in partnership with federal workers, doing more with less.
5
�[Tonight we commit: we will further reduce the size of the federal workforce by [75,000] this
year.]
Like a hard pressed family that comes into money, it is tempting to splurge now. But the
right thing to do, the responsible thing to do, is to invest for the future - especially when we
know that retirement is ahead. So I will resist any tax cuts or spending programs, no matter how
appealing, that put at risk our ability to use the surplus for America's long-term pressing needs.
Our new fiscal discipline gives us an unsurpassed opportunity to address our greatest new
challenge: the aging of America.
Though our nation is young ~ boundless in its energies, uncontained by convention,
impatient in the pursuit of progress ~ our people are aging. With the number of elderly
Americans set to double, the Baby Boom will soon become a Senior Boom.
Early in this century, to be old meant to be poor. When President Franklin Roosevelt
created Social Security, thousands wrote to thank him, in the words of one woman, for
eliminating the "stark terror of penniless, helpless old age." Even today, without Social Security,
half of our elderly would plunge into poverty.
Today, Social Security is strong. But soon it will face a crisis. By 2032 it will not be
able to pay out the full benefits our parents depend upon to live.
6
�Education
In the new economy, opportunity for our people will depend on their creativity, their
knowledge, and their skills. In the 20th Century we built a system of public schools that lifted
millions into the middle class. Now we must build public school system for the 21st Century.
�With easier student loans, more Pell grants for deserving students, 1 million new work
study jobs, education IRAs, and the HOPE scholarship that nearly 6 million Americans received
this year, today we can say what we could not say six years ago: Every high school graduate in
America, regardless of income, can afford to go to college.
When it comes to renewing our public schools, we have made steady progress: Nearly
every state has imposed tougher academic goals. Thousands of schools have cracked down on
drugs and gangs, and students who were once literally killing each other over jackets and
sneakers are now wearing school uniforms. We are teaching values and finding a proper place
for religious faith in our public schools.
All these efforts and more have begun to bear fruit. SAT scores have climbed every year
since 1993, and average math scores for have risen nation wide. But while our fourth graders
outperform their peers in other developed countries in math and science achievement, our twelfth
graders rank at the bottom. Clearly, American students start out strong, but the system fails
them. We must do better.
Last year, we reached across party lines on behalf of our children and began to hire
100,000 new teachers to reduce class size in the early grades. I ask this Congress to renew our
commitment to hire 100,000 new teachers to bring more discipline, more attention, more
learning to every young child.
10
�Over a million classrooms remain cut off from the technology that all children will need
in the 21st Century. This year, over $1 billion will become available to connect every classroom
to wire all our classrooms. By linking schools to the Internet, we link our children to the future.
I ask every school in every community in America to do its part.
I ask the Congress to fund a Digital Library that will put online state of the art math and
science curriculum, the treasures of the Smithsonian, and up to nearly half a million of the
greatest books in human history. Imagine what our children can accomplish when they enter a
library as vast as their imaginations. We can put that library within the reach of every child.
And once again I ask the Congress to help communities modernize or build 5000 new
schools and replace trailers with clean and well-equipped classrooms. Our children cannot leam
51
,h
21 Century skills in 19 Century schools.
Above all, we must set in motion a revolution of rising expectations. Tonight, I ask you
to join me in a drive to reform and renew every public school in America. Each year the national
government invests over $13 billion in our public schools. I believe we should only invest in
what works. I propose that every school in every community receiving federal help for their
schools take the following steps.
First, schools must end social promotion. Every spring, 10 million public school students
~ one in five ~ move from grade to grade even though their own teachers say they haven't
11
�mastered the basics. And each year, hundreds of thousand of young people graduate from high
school without the skills they need to balance a checkbook or fill out a job application.
From now on, students simply will not be able to graduate if they have not mastered the
basics. When we advance a student who can't do the work, we do that student no favors. And
we send the message to all students that performance and effort don't matter.
It would be wrong to mark these students as failures when our schools have failed them.
If we are going to hold students to high academic standards, we must give them the help they
need to meet those standards. So my new balanced budget triples the funding for academicallyenriched summer school and after school programs. We can keep one million students learning
in the hours after regular school lets out, when juvenile crime soars and working parents struggle
to get home. Our children should leam their lessons in a classroom, not on the streets.
Second, states and school districts must identify their worst-performing schools, and do
everything possible to turn them around. My balanced budget includes $200 million to help
communities turn around failing schools. If that means bringing in new principals, fresh
resources, and better-trained teachers, so be it.
Third, teachers must be qualified to teach - and teach well. In Massachusetts last year,
sixty percent of teachers failed a basic competency test. States and school districts should
require competency tests for incoming teachers, and swift but fair procedures for removing those
12
�who cannot do the job. A teacher who cannot teach has no business shaping young minds.
We as a nation must do more to get better trained teachers into our poorest
neighborhoods. We must recruit teachers for the inner city, for Indian reservations, and for
communities where our children simply must have the opportunity to learn their way out of
poverty.
Fourth, we must empower parents by giving them better information about their schools.
In most communities, it is easier to get information on the quality of local restaurants than the
quality of local public schools. Schools issue report cards on students. I believe every school
district should issue report cards on schools.
We must also give parents more choice within the public school system, with 3000
innovative, independent charter schools by the Year 2000, and with new public school choices
tailored to the way families work and live today ~ including new public schools located at
workplaces, so that harried working parents can spend more time with their children and get
more involved in their schools.
[national tests]
[Anecdote — Jenner Elementary School in Cabrini Green, which I visited. Test scores at
Jenner have doubled on a percentage basis in just one year. ] [possible person in First Lady's
13
�Box]
In the information age, learning must continue throughout a lifetime. Today, there is not
so much an income gap as a skills gap. This past year I was proud to sign bipartisan legislation to
transform our worker training system. With a simple voucher, Americans can now choose the
skills they need. Now we must build upon that momentum ~ with a national campaign to
improve adult literacy, with new online learning, with a new drive to ensure that every American
who needs cutting edge training gets it.
Investing in people
To build a 21 st Century economy, we must do more to make sure that opportunity
reaches into every home and prosperity extends into every comer of every community.
Already, by expanding the Earned Income Tax Credit, we have helped [x] million work
their way up from poverty. In this time of prosperity, a family that is working should not be
poor. We should raise the minimum wage.
Already, empowerment zones, a new network of community banks and lending
institutions, and a dramatic increase in investment by private banks has brought [$x] trillion into
our inner cities and poor rural areas. Tonight I propose the next stage of our urban opportunity
strategy. More capital into our inner cities. A new American Private Investment Corporation to
14
�make loan guarantees for investment in our untapped domestic markets. Tax credits for new
investments.
We must work to make sure that prosperity reaches rural America. It is in our farm
communities that our values take root. But even in these good times, too many farmers are
struggling. We must work together to improve the farm safety net.
And we must make sure that the new technologies that are transforming the marketplace
truly serve our people.
To help families with the dizzying choices in the financial marketplace, my
administration will propose a new law to help consumers protect their investments, combat fraud,
and make smart choices. To make sure that competition and innovation thrive, we will continue
to enforce the antitrust laws. To spur the high tech industries that account for one third of our
growth, my administration will propose $3 billion in basic computer research - so that [x].
To make certain that we reap the rewards and minimize the disruptions of these new
technologies, our nation must act over the coming months to get ready for the so called
'millennium computer bug.' As you know, many computers and machines will have difficultly
processing the year 2000. The finest minds and most dedicated leaders are working around the
clock to solve this problem. I believe that the national government will be ready. But every
15
�business, every city and county, every university in this country and around the world is at risk. I
call on thousands of Americans in every walk of life to work together to meet this challenge. If
we work hard and work together, the millennium bug need not delay a single essential service for
even a single day.
International economy
And it is more clear than ever that our prosperity at home is linked to the prosperity of the
world. Our nation benefits greatly from the free flow of goods and capital and the new lines of
commerce and communication that link us together with other nations. Until recently, a full one
third of our economic growth has come from trade. But over the past year and a half, financial
turmoil around the world has put that growth at risk.
Our nation has no choice but to lead ~ to spur global growth, to stabilize the global
economy and keep the world trading system open, free, and fair. The turmoil is not over; and we
may yet feel its full impact within our own borders. But because America led and America
acted, the world economy is much more sound than it would have been. I thank lawmakers of
both parties for your support.
[international financial architecture - taming boom & bust/putting a human face on
global economy]
16
�We must do more to help American manufacturers whose exports have been hit hard by
economic turmoil abroad - and who face a flood of inexpensive imports from abroad. I ask the
Congress to provide $100 million to spur American manufacturing exports abroad. Let's be
clear: If steel is being unfairly dumped in our country we must be willing to enforce our trade
laws to protect our workers and communities. But we would be very unwise to erect
protectionist walls that could start a chain reaction and plunge the world into recession.
For too long, trade has divided Americans, across lines of party and philosophy and
economic station. We must fmd a new approach to trade - the common ground on which
business and labor and government can stand. This common approach must be the basis of
legislation giving the President traditional trade authority.
Tonight I propose to launch new trade negotiations to open markets to our goods and
services - a new round of negotiations in the World Trade Organization to expand our exports of
farm products, services and manufactures ~ trade with Africa ~ a Free Trade Area of the
Americas - trade with the Central American nations devastated by the recent hurricane.
In all these, we must press for trade that is more open and more free. [But we must also
press for trade that promotes the dignity of work and the rights of workers.] We must insist that
international trade organizations be open to the sunlight of public scrutiny. We must insist that
trade rules never be used as a pretext to destroy environmental protections. We must never let
vigorous international economic competition become a race to the bottom among nations.
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�[And we must act, once and for all, to end the most exploitative trade practices of all. I
will sign a new international agreement to ban child labor everywhere in the world.]
BUILDING STRONG FAMILIES FOR THE 21st CENTURY
In the 20th Century, the American family was transformed as we adapted to new
workplaces and new ways. Now, we must strengthen the American family for the
challenges of the 21st Century ~ a commercial culture that too often undermines our
efforts to instill strong values in our children. New technologies and growing demands
and expectations in the workplace. The cost and quality of health care.
No government can raise or love a child. Mothers and fathers do. But government can
empower parents with the tools they need to meet their most vital responsibilities.
TobfrgcQ
�Child Care
Strong families depend on strong parents.
We must do more to help the millions of working American parents who give their all
every day to succeed at home and at work.
I ask the Congress once again to enact a comprehensive plan to make quality child care
more affordable, more accessible, and more enriching than ever. Our plan - with tax cuts for
working families, child care subsidies for small business, high standards and training for child
care providers - is fully paid for in our balanced budget. It will pay off in greater peace of
mind for working parents, and better care for our children.
A child care plan that is in balance with our values will also help mothers who choose
to stay at home with their children. They are working, too, and giving up income while they
do so. Our child care plan includes a new tax credit to help those stay-at-home mothers. No
job is more important than the job of raising our children.
I was proud that the Family Medical Leave Act was the first bill I signed into law.
Since then, it has helped nearly 20 million American workers to care for a new baby or an
ailing relative without risking their jobs. [Companies say it has reduced absenteeism,
20
�improved morale, and actually increased productivity, ck] We should build on that success,
and guarantee Family Leave to 10 million more Americans who work for smaller companies.
And parents who work to support their families should never, ever be discriminated
against in the workplace. I will send legislation to Congress that prohibits companies from
refusing to hire or promote workers simply because they have children. We should not punish
parents who fulfill their most important responsibility - we should honor them.
[Next Fall], the First Lady and I will host a White House Conference to examine the
changing relationship between the workplace and family life, and find new ways to balance
work and family as we approach the new millennium. [Reference to Mrs. Clinton]
Health care
The United States has the world's most advanced medical care ~ and we must continue
our commitment to cutting edge research and pathbreaking innovation.
In just the past six years, medical researchers introduced the first effective drugs to treat
HIV. They have begun testing the first drugs to prevent or reduce risk of cancer. They have
discovered the process of aging itself - raising the prospect of new treatments to prevent or delay
the infirmities of old age, from Parkinsons to Alzheimers to arthritis.
21
�My balanced budget will keep us on track to increase the budget for the National
Institutes of Health by fifty percent. We know now we will entirely eradicate polio from the
earth by the end of next year. By voting to fund scientific research, you will commit our nation
to finding a cure for cancer and HIV early in the new century.
But as our sophisticated medicine races ahead, we cannot let our health care system lag
behind.
Since 1990, the number of people in managed care plans has doubled. And as we all
know, managed care has transformed medicine in America — driving down costs, but threatening
to drive down quality as well.
Here's a true story told to us by an emergency room physician from Dearborn, Michigan.
A patient was rushed into the emergency room; he had died. The doctor managed to resuscitate
the patient, and he recovered. But the man's health plan said they would not pay. Being dead,
apparently, was not "an emergency." Worse, the patient had not gotten prior approval from the
health plan! It sounds funny, but it's really frightening.
Our health care bill of rights says: Every American should have the right to the best care,
not just the cheapest. The right to see a specialist. The right to continuity of care. The right to
emergency care.
22
�Within my power as President, I have acted, extending these rights to the 85 million
Americans served by Medicare, Medicaid, and other federal health plans. But only Congress can
extend this Patient's Bill of Rights to all Americans, and again I ask Congress to do so, on a
bipartisan basis, early this year.
Step by step, we must also extend health insurance to every American. We should give
people 55 and older the chance to buy in to Medicare. We should make it easier for small
businesses to offer health insurance to their employees. We should pass the bipartisan
legislation, introduced by Senators Kennedy and Jeffords, to allow people with disabilities to buy
Medicaid health insurance when they return to work.
And as more of our medical records are stored electronically, the threats to privacy
increase. If Congress does not act this year, as provided by law, I will act — issuing an executive
order to protect the privacy of medical records online.
[mental health - Mrs. Gore]
Welfare to work
21st CENTURY COMMUNITIES
23
�lh
In the 20 Century, the ties that bind us together too often have been frayed by the force
st
of change. In the 21 Century, we have no choice but to restore those threads of community, in
very different times. The times are new, but the elements of a strong community are timeless.
Strong communities are safe communities.
Six years ago, our country was at peace, but too many of our communities were at war.
Gangs and drug dealers controlled entire neighborhoods where even police officers weren't safe
to walk the streets. Too many families lived in fear. And too many children did not believe they
would live to see the ripe old age of 20.
Then the national government said that we would no longer stand on the sidelines — we
would go to the frontlines and help communities take back our streets from crime. In 1994, we
enacted a comprehensive crime bill, based on what law enforcement and community leaders
alike told us they needed. More police on the beat. Fewer guns in the hands of criminals.
Tougher punishment. Better prevention. And the results have been nothing short of remarkable.
Today, crime is declining dramatically, dropping a record seven years in a row. Violent
crime is at its lowest since [TK]. Murder is at its lowest rate since 1962. Across the country,
from Oakland to Chicago to Boston, in cities large and small, communities once ravaged by
crime are coming back to life. But you and I know that crime is still a dangerous fact of life in
too many neighborhoods. That is why we must build on our success of the past six years and
24
�decisively break the cycle of violence in America.
Tonight I propose a crime bill for the 21st Century to press our growing advantages
against the criminals, so we can deploy the latest tools, technologies and tactics in the fight
against crime. We know what works - and now we must put that knowledge to work.
This year, we will reach our goal of putting 100,000 community police officers - under
budget and a full year ahead of schedule. Now we must put more police on the street... hire
2000 prosecutors ... and give law enforcement the high technology tools they need to fight
crime, modernizing the dragnet with the technology of the Internet.
We must sever the deadly connection between crime and drugs, and doing more to get
drugs off the street.
The men and women in our nation's prisons are doing time for different reasons, but the
overwhelming majority - a full 80 percent -- have one thing in common: a drug problem. Once
they return to the streets, only 1 percent are ever drug tested, and as a result, most return to drugs
... and to crime ... and to prison. It is a destructive cycle - a cycle we can break.
My balanced budget strengthens support for drug testing and treatment for prisoners,
parolees and probationers. To prisoners in every state, we want to send a message: If you stay on
drugs, you must stay behind bars. To probationers and parolees, we want to send a message: If
25
�you want to keep your freedom, you have to keep free of drugs.
Next, we know that one of the greatest factors in the declining rates of murder and violent
crimes have been the declining numbers of guns on our streets. The Brady Bill into law — and it
has been an unqualified success. Since it took effect, 250,000 felons, fugitives and stalkers have
tried to buy guns have been turned away empty handed. That's enough guns to overflow the
floor of this chamber. Who knows how many lives have been saved?
Now the requirement for a waiting period for buying a handgun has expired. I ask the
Congress to keep in place a law that has worked, and make a mandatory waiting period for
buying a handgun once again the law of the land.
We can do more to take guns out of the hands of criminals. We should crack down on
gun shows, where unscrupulous individuals slip through a loophole to buy guns.
I call on
Congress to pass legislation so that every sale of every gun at every show is governed by the
same law. No background check, no guns, no exceptions. And we should say: nobody but a
gunrunner needs to buy more than one handgun a month.
Strong communities are built by people who have a stake in the American Dream.
Already, over seven million Americans in the past six years have bought their first home.
Tonight, we launch a new drive to give every American in every community the pride that comes
26
�with owning a home. 100,000 new vouchers to help poor people move out of public housing.
Strong communities arc livable communities.
A century ago, many Americans saw nature only as a resource to be exploited, an
obstacle to be overcome. But President Theodore Roosevelt, our first conservationist president,
led our nation toward the path of environmental stewardship. He defined his "great, central task"
as "leaving this land even a better land for our descendants than it is for us." He set aside
millions of acres of forest and mountains and valleys and canyons - lands shaped by the hand of
God over hundreds of millions of years - so they could not be sacrificed for short term gain.
This is the vision we are fulfilling today, with our work to protect California's ancient
redwoods, Utah's stunning red-rock canyons, and Yellowstone, America's veryfirstNational
Park. The air we breathe is healthier, the water we drink cleaner. The American bald eagle, the
symbol of our national strength, is thriving once again. I am proud to announce this year we will
remove the bald eagle from America's endangered species list. But for America to soar high and
free throughout the new century, there are new environmental challenges we must come together
to meet.
51
The most profound environmental challenge of the 21 Century is the threat of global
warming. A few weeks ago, scientists confirmed that 1998 was the warmest year on record,
27
�topping the previous heat record, set just one year before. The extreme weather of the last year -crippling ice storms and near-biblical floods, deadly heat waves and withering drought — are but
hint of what future generations will endure unless we act now.
Tonight, I pledge to work with Congress to enact a common-sense strategy: a clean air
fund to help communities reduce both greenhouse pollution and smog; new research and
development for clean, efficient energy sources; tax cuts for the purchase of energy-efficient
cars, homes, and appliances; rewards for companies that take early, voluntary action to reduce
their greenhouse pollution. And finally, we will continue our vigorous diplomatic efforts, at the
highest levels, to ensure a truly global response to this global threat.
Another new environmental challenge is, quite literally, in our very backyards. At a time
when so many more Americans are sharing in our prosperity, buying new homes, and living the
American Dream, we must find new ways to keep our growing communities livable and green.
So tonight, Vice President Gore and I propose a $TK initiative to help states and
communities restore and expand city parks, preserve precious green spaces in our growing
suburbs, and to keep prime farmland from being paved over with parking lots. In so many ways,
the most important park is the one near our house. We have proven at the national level that
economic growth and environmental protection go hand in hand; we can prove this in
communities across America as well.
28
�Other community issues - to come:
-One America
-Immigration
-EKlDA
-Hate crimes
-Strengthening democracy
-Political reform
-Service - Americorps
-Millennium Project
A STRONG AMERICA IN A NEW WORLD
[we are working with the NSC on this section]
PERORATION: THE MILLENNIUM
A century ago, not even the most farsighted American could imagine the progress this
century would produce. Science fiction writers predicted that there would be space flight. But
no one imagined that in 1999, the space shuttle would be commanded by a woman. Many hoped
to end child labor and sweatshops. But no one imagined that the doors of college would be
29
�opened to the children of working people of every background and every race. Changes in
technology were far easier to predict than the progress of the human spirit.
Who is to say what progress we will make in the years to come? Who is to say what
frontiers of freedom and equality and tolerance will be opened? How wide will we trace the
circle of opportunity?
One hundred years from now, an American President will stand where I stand tonight.
The America that he or she will describe will be the America shaped by our hands. The story
of the 21st Century will be a story first written by this, the last Congress of the 2 ^ Century
and the first Congress of the new millennium. President Lincoln told us: "We can succeed
only by concert. It is not, 'can any of us imagine better?' but, 'Can we aU do better?'" I have
no doubt that if we stand together, if we rise to a higher purpose, then liberty's "sacred flame"
will burn with a white heat -- our nation will be strong and secure - and we will have fulfilled
our most fundamental duty.
30
�yc^^W
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0
Draft 1/9/99 2am
1
W' !^
PRESIDENT WILLIAM J. CLINTON
STATE OF THE UNION ADDRESS
UNITED STATES CAPITOL
January 19,1999
Mr. Speaker, Mr. Vice President, Members of Congress, honored guests, my fellow
Americans:
[Let me begin by saluting the new Speaker of the House. On the day he assumed the
Speakership, Denny Hastert told this chamber that "solutions to problems cannot be found in
a pool of bitterness." I strongly agree. We must rise above rancor, put progress ahead of
partisanship, and focus on the people's business. We should heed the words of Thomas
Jefferson, who in 1801 asked a bitter and divided Congress to restore "that harmony and
affection without which liberty and even life itself are but dreary things." The times in which
we live are anything but dreary. They are exciting, and challenging. Outside these walls, in
schools, businesses and churches, across our nation, Americans of different backgrounds and
beliefs are working together to meet those challenges. They have a right to demand no less of
us.]
I have the honor tonight of reporting to you on the State of our Union, at the threshold of
the 21st Century. I believe this next century will be a time of unimaginable progress for our
nation~of vast new economic opportunities, stunning scientific discoveries, remarkable advances
in the health and happiness of our people—advances we are already beginning to glimpse. If we
act, act now, and act together, we can meet the great challenges and seize the even greater
opportunities of this bold new era. We can build an America in the 21st Century that stronger
1
^
^
�than any nation the world has ever known.
The century we are leaving has been called the American century. Our nation won two
world wars and a long Cold War against tyranny. We overcame economic Depression and lifted
millions into the world's greatest middle class. We wiped discrimination from the books and
began to purge it from our hearts. America has been tested by tremendous adversity, and each
time has triumphed, becoming stronger, freer, more prosperous, and more indispensable to the
world.
Six years ago, we faced a new challenge. America had lost its way in the strong
headwinds of economic change. The federal budget deficit, painful symbol of political gridlock,
was nearly $300 billion and rising. The standard of living was stagnant for working families.
Crime, welfare, drug use seemed destined to worsen forever. Citizens of other nations saw the
United States as another one of history's great powers facing inevitable decline.
But Americans did not believe that. When I assumed the Presidency six years ago
tomorrow, I told our nation that "there is nothing wrong with America that cannot be cured by
what is right with America." I believed then ~ and 1 believe still — that if we offered opportunity
to all, demanded responsibility from all, and built a community of all, "We, the people" could
renew our nation.
And so we have. For six years, with energy, daring and drive, we have risen to the
2
�challenge of change. Our people have proven that even the optimists can't do justice to America.
With more than 17 million new jobs, wages rising at twice the rate of inflation, the lowest
unemployment and inflation in a quarter century, the highest homeownership ever, cutting edge
new industries, we have created a new economy. Here's one for the record books: our peacetime
economic expansion is now the longest in history.
Tonight, I stand before you the first president in three decades to report that the budget is
not just balanced, but in surplus.
Tonight, I stand before you to report that crime and welfare are at their lowest point in a
quarter century.
Tonight, I stand before you to report that the environment is the cleanest in a quarter
century, and that we have cut pollution from factories in half ~ even as our economy has
boomed.
Tonight, I stand before you to report that America stands strong - a force for peace in
lands torn by ancient hatreds, bringing reconciliation to Northern Ireland, to Bosnia, to the
Middle East. And every American should be proud that our fighting men and women have
struck hard at an arsenal of terror in the hands of a dictator - and have done so without losing a
single American life.
3
�In all this, we are renewing government so it once again is a progressive instrument of the
common good. We have discarded the old assumptions that we must either seek to dam up the
currents of economic change — or tell our people to sink or swim on their own. America needs a
progressive government - a modern government that lives within its means - a flexible, creative
government driven not by rigid ideology, but by ideas that work. We are building a 21st Century
government for a 21 st Century America.
Perhaps most important of all, we have proved again to ourselves and the world that when
America faces a challenge, we meet it. This young nation, bom in revolution and renewed in
each generation, once again is building a new America for a new time. At the time of the first
State of the Union Address, President Washington said that succeeding generations must carry
forward "the sacred fire of liberty" which is "finally staked on the experiment entrusted in the
hands of the American people." My fellow Americans, at the end of one American century and
the dawn of another, that sacred fire bums brightly. The State of our Union is strong.
At a time like this, it would be easy, and understandable, for a nation to relax, to savor its
success. But we cannot allow the hum of our prosperity to lull us into complacency. New times
pose new perils even as they open wide new vistas of opportunity.
Yes, America is working again. But we have not yet met the long-term challenges our
people face in the 21 st Century. We can build an even stronger economy for the 21 st Century ~
with a secure retirement system, strong and modem schools, and opportunity spreading
4
�throughout the nation. We can build strong families for the 21st Century, with health care and
child care. We can build strong communities for the 21st Century, pressing our fight against
crime and weaving strong new threads of community. We can — and we must ~ exert American
leadership for peace and security in a world of new threats.
There will never be a better time to meet these challenges than now — now, with our
budget in surplus, our economy growing, and above all, our confidence rising. Here is what we
must do.
BUILDING A 21ST CENTURY ECONOMY
Fiscal discipline/Social Security
We begin by building an economy for the 21st Century. It is no accident that America
leads the new economy. Its qualities ~ innovation, ambition, flexibility, teamwork - are at
the core of the American character. From biotech to aerospace, from autos to software, we
are living in an American economic renaissance.
When I took office, the budget deficit for this year was projected to be $400 billion.
Today, we have a $70 billion surplus. The federal government is the smallest since ~ well, since
John Glenn first orbited the Earth. Thanks to the pioneering leadership of Vice President Gore,
we have reinvented our government, in partnership with federal workers, doing more with less.
5
�[Tonight we commit: we will further reduce the size of the federal workforce by [75,000] this
year.]
Like a hard pressed family that comes into money, it is tempting to splurge now. But the
right thing to do, the responsible thing to do, is to invest for the future - especially when we
know that retirement is ahead. So I will resist any tax cuts or spending programs, no matter how
appealing, that put at risk our ability to use the surplus for America's long-term pressing needs.
Our new fiscal discipline gives us an unsurpassed opportunity to address our greatest new
challenge: the aging of America.
Though our nation is young — boundless in its energies, uncontained by convention,
impatient in the pursuit of progress — our people are aging. With the number of elderly
Americans set to double, the Baby Boom will soon become a Senior Boom.
Early in this century, to be old meant to be poor. When President Franklin Roosevelt
created Social Security, thousands wrote to thank him, in the words of one woman, for
eliminating the "stark terror of penniless, helpless old age." Even today, without Social Security,
half of our elderly would plunge into poverty.
Today, Social Security is strong. But soon it will face a crisis. By 2032 it will not be
able to pay out the full benefits our parents depend upon to live.
6
�Education
In the new economy, opportunity for our people will depend on their creativity, their
knowledge, and their skills. In the 20th Century we built a system of public schools that lifted
millions into the middle class. Now we must build public school system for the 21st Century.
�With easier student loans, more Pell grants for deserving students, 1 million new work
study jobs, education IRAs, and the HOPE scholarship that nearly 6 million Americans received
this year, today we can say what we could not say six years ago: Every high school graduate in
America, regardless of income, can afford to go to college.
When it comes to renewing our public schools, we have made steady progress: Nearly
every state has imposed tougher academic goals. Thousands of schools have cracked down on
drugs and gangs, and students who were once literally killing each other over jackets and
sneakers are now wearing school uniforms. We are teaching values and finding a proper place
for religious faith in our public schools.
All these efforts and more have begun to bear fruit. SAT scores have climbed every year
since 1993, and average math scores for have risen nation wide. But while our fourth graders
outperform their peers in other developed countries in math and science achievement, our twelfth
graders rank at the bottom. Clearly, American students start out strong, but the system fails
them. We must do better.
Last year, we reached across party lines on behalf of our children and began to hire
100,000 new teachers to reduce class size in the early grades. I ask this Congress to renew our
commitment to hire 100,000 new teachers to bring more discipline, more attention, more
learning to every young child.
10
�Over a million classrooms remain cut off from the technology that all children will need
in the 21st Century. This year, over $1 billion will become available to connect every classroom
to wire all our classrooms. By linking schools to the Internet, we link our children to the future.
I ask every school in every community in America to do its part.
I ask the Congress to fund a Digital Library that will put online state of the art math and
science curriculum, the treasures of the Smithsonian, and up to nearly half a million of the
greatest books in human history. Imagine what our children can accomplish when they enter a
library as vast as their imaginations. We can put that library within the reach of every child.
And once again I ask the Congress to help communities modernize or build 5000 new
schools and replace trailers with clean and well-equipped classrooms. Our children cannot leam
51
th
21 Century skills in 19 Century schools.
Above all, we must set in motion a revolution of rising expectations. Tonight, I ask you
to join me in a drive to reform and renew every public school in America. Each year the national
government invests over $13 billion in our public schools. I believe we should only invest in
what works. I propose that every school in every community receiving federal help for their
schools take the following steps.
First, schools must end social promotion. Every spring, 10 million public school students
~ one in five — move from grade to grade even though their own teachers say they haven't
11
�mastered the basics. And each year, hundreds of thousand of young people graduate from high
school without the skills they need to balance a checkbook or fill out a job application.
From now on, students simply will not be able to graduate if they have not mastered the
basics. When we advance a student who can't do the work, we do that student no favors. And
we send the message to all students that performance and effort don't matter.
It would be wrong to mark these students as failures when our schools have failed them.
If we are going to hold students to high academic standards, we must give them the help they
need to meet those standards. So my new balanced budget triples the funding for academicallyenriched summer school and after school programs. We can keep one million students learning
in the hours after regular school lets out, when juvenile crime soars and working parents struggle
to get home. Our children should learn their lessons in a classroom, not on the streets.
t
Second, states and school districts must identify their worst-performing schools, and do
everything possible to turn them around. My balanced budget includes $200 million to help
communities turn around failing schools. If that means bringing in new principals, fresh
resources, and better-trained teachers, so be it.
Third, teachers must be qualified to teach - and teach well. In Massachusetts last year,
sixty percent of teachers failed a basic competency test. States and school districts should
require competency tests for incoming teachers, and swift but fair procedures for removing those
12
�who cannot do the job. A teacher who cannot teach has no business shaping young minds.
We as a nation must do more to get better trained teachers into our poorest
neighborhoods. We must recruit teachers for the inner city, for Indian reservations, and for
communities where our children simply must have the opportunity to learn their way out of
poverty.
Fourth, we must empower parents by giving them better information about their schools.
In most communities, it is easier to get information on the quality of local restaurants than the
quality of local public schools. Schools issue report cards on students. I believe every school
district should issue report cards on schools.
We must also give parents more choice within the public school system, with 3000
innovative, independent charter schools by the Year 2000, and with new public school choices
tailored to the way families work and live today ~ including new public schools located at
workplaces, so that harried working parents can spend more time with their children and get
more involved in their schools.
[national tests]
[Anecdote — Jenner Elementary School in Cabrini Green, which I visited. Test scores at
Jenner have doubled on a percentage basis in just one year. ] [possible person in First Lady's
13
�Box]
In the information age, learning must continue throughout a lifetime. Today, there is not
so much an income gap as a skills gap. This past year I was proud to sign bipartisan legislation to
transform our worker training system. With a simple voucher, Americans can now choose the
skills they need. Now we must build upon that momentum - with a national campaign to
improve adult literacy, with new online learning, with a new drive to ensure that every American
who needs cutting edge training gets it.
Investing in people
To build a 21st Century economy, we must do more to make sure that opportunity
reaches into every home and prosperity extends into every corner of every community.
Already, by expanding the Earned Income Tax Credit, we have helped [x] million work
their way up from poverty. In this time of prosperity, a family that is working should not be
poor. We should raise the minimum wage.
Already, empowerment zones, a new network of community banks and lending
institutions, and a dramatic increase in investment by private banks has brought [$x] trillion into
our inner cities and poor rural areas. Tonight I propose the next stage of our urban opportunity
strategy. More capital into our inner cities. A new American Private Investment Corporation to
14
�make loan guarantees for investment in our untapped domestic markets. Tax credits for new
investments.
We must work to make sure that prosperity reaches rural America. It is in our farm
communities that our values take root. But even in these good times, too many farmers are
struggling. We must work together to improve the farm safety net.
And we must make sure that the new technologies that are transforming the marketplace
truly serve our people.
To help families with the dizzying choices in the financial marketplace, my
administration will propose a new law to help consumers protect their investments, combat fraud,
and make smart choices. To make sure that competition and innovation thrive, we will continue
to enforce the antitrust laws. To spur the high tech industries that account for one third of our
growth, my administration will propose $3 billion in basic computer research ~ so that [x].
To make certain that we reap the rewards and minimize the disruptions of these new
technologies, our nation must act over the coming months to get ready for the so called
'millennium computer bug.' As you know, many computers and machines will have difficultly
processing the year 2000. The finest minds and most dedicated leaders are working around the
clock to solve this problem. I believe that the national government will be ready. But every
15
�business, every city and county, every university in this country and around the world is at risk. I
call on thousands of Americans in every walk of life to work together to meet this challenge. If
we work hard and work together, the millennium bug need not delay a single essential service for
even a single day.
International economy
And it is more clear than ever that our prosperity at home is linked to the prosperity of the
world. Our nation benefits greatly from the free flow of goods and capital and the new lines of
commerce and communication that link us together with other nations. Until recently, a full one
third of our economic growth has come from trade. But over the past year and a half, financial
turmoil around the world has put that growth at risk.
Our nation has no choice but to lead — to spur global growth, to stabilize the global
economy and keep the world trading system open,free,and fair. The turmoil is not over; and we
may yet feel its full impact within our own borders. But because America led and America
acted, the world economy is much more sound than it would have been. I thank lawmakers of
both parties for your support.
[international financial architecture — taming boom & bust/putting a human face on
global economy]
16
�We must do more to help American manufacturers whose exports have been hit hard by
economic turmoil abroad ~ and who face a flood of inexpensive imports from abroad. I ask the
Congress to provide $100 million to spur American manufacturing exports abroad. Let's be
clear: If steel is being unfairly dumped in our country we must be willing to enforce our trade
laws to protect our workers and communities. But we would be very unwise to erect
protectionist walls that could start a chain reaction and plunge the world into recession.
For too long, trade has divided Americans, across lines of party and philosophy and
economic station. We must find a new approach to trade - the common ground on which
business and labor and government can stand. This common approach must be the basis of
legislation giving the President traditional trade authority.
Tonight I propose to launch new trade negotiations to open markets to our goods and
services - a new round of negotiations in the World Trade Organization to expand our exports of
farm products, services and manufactures ~ trade with Africa ~ a Free Trade Area of the
Americas ~ trade with the Central American nations devastated by the recent hurricane.
In all these, we must press for trade that is more open and more free. [But we must also
press for trade that promotes the dignity of work and the rights of workers.] We must insist that
international trade organizations be open to the sunlight of public scrutiny. We must insist that
trade rules never be used as a pretext to destroy environmental protections. We must never let
vigorous international economic competition become a race to the bottom among nations.
17
�[And we must act, once and for all, to end the most exploitative trade practices of all. I
will sign a new international agreement to ban child labor everywhere in the world.]
BUILDING STRONG FAMILIES FOR THE 21st CENTURY
In the 20th Century, the American family was transformed as we adapted to new
workplaces and new ways. Now, we must strengthen the American family for the
challenges of the 21st Century ~ a commercial culture that too often undermines our
efforts to instill strong values in our children. New technologies and growing demands
and expectations in the workplace. The cost and quality of health care.
No government can raise or love a child. Mothers and fathers do. But government can
empower parents with the tools they need to meet their most vital responsibilities.
Tobacco
�Child Care
Strong families depend on strong parents.
We must do more to help the millions of working American parents who give their all
every day to succeed at home and at work.
I ask the Congress once again to enact a comprehensive plan to make quality child care
more affordable, more accessible, and more enriching than ever. Our plan - with tax cuts for
working families, child care subsidies for small business, high standards and training for child
care providers - is fully paid for in our balanced budget. It will pay off in greater peace of
mind for working parents, and better care for our children.
A child care plan that is in balance with our values will also help mothers who choose
to stay at home with their children. They are working, too, and giving up income while they
do so. Our child care plan includes a new tax credit to help those stay-at-home mothers. No
job is more important than the job of raising our children.
I was proud that the Family Medical Leave Act was the first bill I signed into law.
Since then, it has helped nearly 20 million American workers to care for a new baby or an
ailing relative without risking their jobs. [Companies say it has reduced absenteeism,
20
�improved morale, and actually increased productivity, ck] We should build on that success,
and guarantee Family Leave to 10 million more Americans who work for smaller companies.
And parents who work to support their families should never, ever be discriminated
against in the workplace. I will send legislation to Congress that prohibits companies from
refusing to hire or promote workers simply because they have children. We should not punish
parents who fulfill their most important responsibility -- we should honor them.
[Next Fall], the First Lady and I will host a White House Conference to examine the
changing relationship between the workplace and family life, and find new ways to balance
work and family as we approach the new millennium. [Reference to Mrs. Clinton]
Health care
The United States has the world's most advanced medical care ~ and we must continue
our commitment to cutting edge research and pathbreaking innovation.
In just the past six years, medical researchers introduced the first effective drugs to treat
HIV. They have begun testing the first drugs to prevent or reduce risk of cancer. They have
discovered the process of aging itself - raising the prospect of new treatments to prevent or delay
the infirmities of old age, from Parkinsons to Alzheimers to arthritis.
21
�My balanced budget will keep us on track to increase the budget for the National
Institutes of Health by fifty percent. We know now we will entirely eradicate polio from the
earth by the end of next year. By voting to fund scientific research, you will commit our nation
to finding a cure for cancer and HIV early in the new century.
But as our sophisticated medicine races ahead, we cannot let our health care system lag
behind.
Since 1990, the number of people in managed care plans has doubled. And as we all
know, managed care has transformed medicine in America ~ driving down costs, but threatening
to drive down quality as well.
Here's a true story told to us by an emergency room physician from Dearborn, Michigan.
A patient was rushed into the emergency room; he had died. The doctor managed to resuscitate
the patient, and he recovered. But the man's health plan said they would not pay. Being dead,
apparently, was not "an emergency." Worse, the patient had not gotten prior approval from the
health plan! It sounds funny, but it's really frightening.
Our health care bill of rights says: Every American should have the right to the best care,
not just the cheapest. The right to see a specialist. The right to continuity of care. The right to
emergency care.
22
�Within my power as President, I have acted, extending these rights to the 85 million
Americans served by Medicare, Medicaid, and other federal health plans. But only Congress can
extend this Patient's Bill of Rights to all Americans, and again I ask Congress to do so, on a
bipartisan basis, early this year.
Step by step, we must also extend health insurance to every American. We should give
people 55 and older the chance to buy in to Medicare. We should make it easier for small
businesses to offer health insurance to their employees. We should pass the bipartisan
legislation, introduced by Senators Kennedy and Jeffords, to allow people with disabilities to buy
Medicaid health insurance when they return to work.
And as more of our medical records are stored electronically, the threats to privacy
increase. If Congress does not act this year, as provided by law, I will act — issuing an executive
order to protect the privacy of medical records online.
[mental health - Mrs. Gore]
Welfare to work
21st CENTURY COMMUNITIES
23
�th
In the 20 Century, the ties that bind us together too often have been frayed by the force
51
of change. In the 21 Century, we have no choice but to restore those threads of community, in
very different times. The times are new, but the elements of a strong community are timeless.
Strong communities are safe communities.
Six years ago, our country was at peace, but too many of our communities were at war.
Gangs and drug dealers controlled entire neighborhoods where even police officers weren't safe
to walk the streets. Too many families lived in fear. And too many children did not believe they
would live to see the ripe old age of 20.
Then the national government said that we would no longer stand on the sidelines — we
would go to the frontlines and help communities take back our streets from crime. In 1994, we
enacted a comprehensive crime bill, based on what law enforcement and community leaders
alike told us they needed. More police on the beat. Fewer guns in the hands of criminals.
Tougher punishment. Better prevention. And the results have been nothing short of remarkable.
Today, crime is declining dramatically, dropping a record seven years in a row. Violent
crime is at its lowest since [TK]. Murder is at its lowest rate since 1962. Across the country,
from Oakland to Chicago to Boston, in cities large and small, communities once ravaged by
crime are coming back to life. But you and I know that crime is still a dangerous fact of life in
too many neighborhoods. That is why we must build on our success of the past six years and
24
�decisively break the cycle of violence in America.
Tonight I propose a crime bill for the 21st Century to press our growing advantages
against the criminals, so we can deploy the latest tools, technologies and tactics in the fight
against crime. We know what works — and now we must put that knowledge to work.
This year, we will reach our goal of putting 100,000 community police officers - under
budget and a full year ahead of schedule. Now we must put more police on the street... hire
2000 prosecutors ... and give law enforcement the high technology tools they need to fight
crime, modernizing the dragnet with the technology of the Internet.
We must sever the deadly connection between crime and drugs, and doing more to get
drugs off the street.
The men and women in our nation's prisons are doing time for different reasons, but the
overwhelming majority ~ a full 80 percent ~ have one thing in common: a drug problem. Once
they return to the streets, only 1 percent are ever drug tested, and as a result, most return to drugs
... and to crime ... and to prison. It is a destructive cycle - a cycle we can break.
My balanced budget strengthens support for drug testing and treatment for prisoners,
parolees and probationers. To prisoners in every state, we want to send a message: If you stay on
drugs, you must stay behind bars. To probationers and parolees, we want to send a message: If
25
�you want to keep your freedom, you have to keep free of drugs.
Next, we know that one of the greatest factors in the declining rates of murder and violent
crimes have been the declining numbers of guns on our streets. The Brady Bill into law - and it
has been an unqualified success. Since it took effect, 250,000 felons, fugitives and stalkers have
tried to buy guns have been turned away empty handed. That's enough guns to overflow the
floor of this chamber. Who knows how many lives have been saved?
Now the requirement for a waiting period for buying a handgun has expired. I ask the
Congress to keep in place a law that has worked, and make a mandatory waiting period for
buying a handgun once again the law of the land.
We can do more to take guns out of the hands of criminals. We should crack down on
gun shows, where unscrupulous individuals slip through a loophole to buy guns.
I call on
Congress to pass legislation so that every sale of every gun at every show is governed by the
same law. No background check, no guns, no exceptions. And we should say: nobody but a
gunrunner needs to buy more than one handgun a month.
Strong communities are built by people who have a stake in the American Dream.
Already, over seven million Americans in the past six years have bought their first home.
Tonight, we launch a new drive to give every American in every community the pride that comes
26
�with owning a home. 100,000 new vouchers to help poor people move out of public housing.
Strong communities are livable communities.
A century ago, many Americans saw nature only as a resource to be exploited, an
obstacle to be overcome. But President Theodore Roosevelt, our first conservationist president,
led our nation toward the path of environmental stewardship. He defined his "great, central task"
as "leaving this land even a better land for our descendants than it is for us." He set aside
millions of acres of forest and mountains and valleys and canyons ~ lands shaped by the hand of
God over hundreds of millions of years - so they could not be sacrificed for short term gain.
This is the vision we are fulfilling today, with our work to protect California's ancient
redwoods, Utah's stunning red-rock canyons, and Yellowstone, America's veryfirstNational
Park. The air we breathe is healthier, the water we drink cleaner. The American bald eagle, the
symbol of our national strength, is thriving once again. I am proud to announce this year we will
remove the bald eagle from America's endangered species list. But for America to soar high and
free throughout the new century, there are new environmental challenges we must come together
to meet.
st
The most profound environmental challenge of the 21 Century is the threat of global
warming. A few weeks ago, scientists confirmed that 1998 was the warmest year on record,
27
�topping the previous heat record, set just one year before. The extreme weather of the last year —
crippling ice storms and near-biblical floods, deadly heat waves and withering drought — are but
hint of what future generations will endure unless we act now.
Tonight, I pledge to work with Congress to enact a common-sense strategy: a clean air
fund to help communities reduce both greenhouse pollution and smog; new research and
development for clean, efficient energy sources; tax cuts for the purchase of energy-efficient
cars, homes, and appliances; rewards for companies that take early, voluntary action to reduce
their greenhouse pollution. And finally, we will continue our vigorous diplomatic efforts, at the
highest levels, to ensure a truly global response to this global threat.
Another new environmental challenge is, quite literally, in our very backyards. At a time
when so many more Americans are sharing in our prosperity, buying new homes, and living the
American Dream, we must find new ways to keep our growing communities livable and green.
So tonight, Vice President Gore and I propose a $TK initiative to help states and
communities restore and expand city parks, preserve precious green spaces in our growing
suburbs, and to keep prime farmland from being paved over with parking lots. In so many ways,
the most important park is the one near our house. We have proven at the national level that
economic growth and environmental protection go hand in hand; we can prove this in
communities across America as well.
28
�Other community issues ~ to come:
-One America
-Immigration
-ENDA
-Hate crimes
-Strengthening democracy
-Political reform
-Service - Americorps
-Millennium Project
A STRONG AMERICA IN A NEW WORLD
[we are working with the NSC on this section]
PERORATION: THE MILLENNIUM
A century ago, not even the most farsighted American could imagine the progress this
century would produce. Science fiction writers predicted that there would be space flight. But
no one imagined that in 1999, the space shuttle would be commanded by a woman. Many hoped
to end child labor and sweatshops. But no one imagined that the doors of college would be
29
�opened to the children of working people of every background and every race. Changes in
technology were far easier to predict than the progress of the human spirit.
Who is to say what progress we will make in the years to come? Who is to say what
frontiers of freedom and equality and tolerance will be opened? How wide will we trace the
circle of opportunity?
One hundred years from now, an American President will stand where I stand tonight.
The America that he or she will describe will be the America shaped by our hands. The story
of the 21st Century will be a story first written by this, the last Congress of the 21st Century
and the first Congress of the new millennium. President Lincoln told us: "We can succeed
only by concert. It is not, 'can any of us imagine better?' but, 'Can we aH do better?'" I have
no doubt that if we stand together, if we rise to a higher purpose, then liberty's "sacred flame"
will burn with a white heat - our nation will be strong and secure - and we will have fulfilled
our most fundamental duty.
30
�CT ' ^
•
"
Michael Waldman
01/09/99 02:06:21 PM
Record Type:
To:
Record
Joshua S. Gottheimer/WHO/EOP
cc:
Subject: Y2K. Sorry this is late -- I fell asleep.
Forwarded by Michael Waldman/WHO/EOP on 01/09/99 02:07 PM
i^
Record Type:
To:
3 5
^
CV''
Shesol @ aol.com
01/08/99 11:24:35 PM
Record
Michael Waldman/WHO/EOP, Jeffrey A. Shesol/WHO/EOP
cc:
Subject: Y2K. Sorry this is late -- I fell asleep.
As the new century approaches, we are hearing more and more about the Year
2 0 0 0 problem - the so-called millennium bug -- that threatens to disrupt the
computer systems that are so important to us all. Let me make clear: our
mission-critical systems will be ready for the year 2 0 0 0 . The finest minds
and most dedicated leaders at all levels of government, industry, and the
military are working round the clock, working together to solve this problem.
They - and we - are in this together. But there is more to be done. So, to
those w h o have developed solutions - I urge you to share them w i t h others.
And to every chief executive - not just corporate CEOs but governors, mayors,
and foreign leaders - I call on you to assume active responsibility for a
matter that affects us all. If we work hard and work together, the millennium
bug need not delay a single essential service for even a single day.
�• ]
'
/j?
Michael Waldman
01/09/99 02:13:12 PM
Record Type:
To:
Record
Joshua S. Gottheimer/WHO/EOP
cc:
Subject: tobacco
—- Forwarded by Michael Waldman/WHO/EOP on 01/09/99 02:14 PM
Jordan Tamagni
0 1 / 0 7 / 9 9 11:54:12 AM
Record Type:
To:
Record
Michael Waldman/WHO/EOP
cc:
Subject: tobacco
Rewritten introductory paragraph:
Tobacco
For a long time, we have know that our children are particularly vulnerable to the lure
of cigarettes. But now we know that for more than 20 years, the tobacco industry has preyed
on that vulnerability with a massive media campaign designed solely to hook our children on
cigarettes - a product that will kill them. A secret tobacco industry document even calls
young people "replacement smokers;" another flatly states that the continued success of the
tobacco industry depends on them. Ladies and gentlemen, our children are not the future of
the tobacco industry; they are the future of our nation. And we must act to protect them.
I ask this Congress to resist the awesome power of the tobacco lobby and pass
comprehensive, bipartisan legislation that will raise the price of cigarettes, protect farmers,
and give us the tools to protect our children from tobacco.
�Michael Waldman
01/09/99 02:14:11 PM
Record Type:
To:
Record
Joshua S. Gottheimer/WHO/EOP
cc:
Subject: Strong Families Section
—- Forwarded by Michael Waldman/WHO/EOP on 01/09/99 02:14 PM
Jordan Tamagni
0 1 / 0 7 / 9 9 0 1 : 2 2 : 3 8 PM
Record Type:
To:
Record
Michael Waldman/WHO/EOP
cc:
Subject: Strong Families Section
HELPING WORKING FAMILIES TO SUCCEED AT HOME AND AT WORK
In the 20th Century, the American family was transformed as we adapted to
new workplaces and new ways. Now, we must strengthen the American family for
the challenges of the 21st Century.
Today, American families are under more pressure than ever before. A
commercial culture that too often undermines our efforts to instill strong values in
our children. New technologies and growing demands and expectations in the
workplace. Family breakup.
No government can raise or love a child. Mothers and fathers do. But government can
empower parents with the tools they need to meet their most vital responsibilities.
Strong families start with healthy children.
Tobacco
For a long time, we have know that our children are particularly vulnerable to
the lure of cigarettes. But now we know that for more than 20 years, the tobacco
�industry has preyed on that vulnerability with a massive media campaign designed
solely to hook our children on cigarettes - a product that will kill them. A secret
tobacco industry document even calls young people "replacement smokers;"
another flatly states that the continued success of the tobacco industry depends on
them. Ladies and gentlemen, our children are not the future of the tobacco
industry; they are the future of our nation. And we must act to protect them.
I ask this Congress to resist the awesome power of the tobacco lobby and
pass comprehensive, bipartisan legislation that will raise the price of cigarettes,
protect farmers, and give us the tools to protect our children from tobacco.
[xxx]
Drunk Driving
Tobacco is not the only threat to our children's lives. Each year, on too
many dark roads, drunk drivers kill nearly 3,000 children. Some innovative states
have saved lives by toughening blood-alcohol standards. I ask the Congress to
write these same tough standards into federal law to protect every American, on
every roadway.
Stong families depend on strong parents.
We must do more to help the millions of working American parents who give
their all every day to succeed at home and at work.
Today, there are more families with both parents working than ever before.
Higher pressure work days and longer work weeks are making it harder and harder
for parents to spend time with their children. At the very least, this time squeeze
puts new pressure on already stressed parents; at the worst, it puts more children
at risk.
Child Care
I ask the Congress once again to enact a comprehensive plan to make quality
child care more affordable, more accessible, and more educational than ever. Our
plan - with tax cuts for working families, child care subsidies for small business,
high standards and training for child care providers - is fully paid for in our
balanced budget. It will pay off in greater peace of mind for working parents, and
better care for our children.
A child care plan that is in balance with our values will also help mothers
who choose to stay at home with their children. They are working, too, and giving
up income while they do so. Our child care plan includes a new tax credit to help
those stay-at-home mothers. No job is more important than the job of raising our
�children.
And parents who work to support their families should never, never be
discriminated against in the workplace. I will send legislation to Congress that
prohibits companies from refusing to hire or promote workers simply because they
have chosen to raise a family. We must never punish parents for fulfilling that
most important responsibility.
Strong families rely on strong support.
Six years ago next month, I was proud to sign into law the Family Medical
Leave Act. Since then, it has helped nearly 20 million American workers to care for
a new baby or an ailing relative without risking their jobs. [Companies say it has
reduced absenteeism, improved morale, and actually increased productivity, ck] I
believe we should build on that success, and expand the Family Leave law to cover
10 million more Americans who work for smaller companies.
[Next Fall], the First Lady and I will host a White House Conference to
examine the changing relationship between the workplace and family life, and find
new ways to balance work and family as we approach the new millennium.
�Withdrawal/Redaction Marker
Clinton Library
DOCUMENT NO.
AND TYPE
001. email
SUBJECT/TITLE
DATE
Michael Waldman to Joshua Gottheimer; RE: State of the Union Draft
[partial] (1 page)
01/09/1999
RESTRICTION
P5
COLLECTION:
Clinton Presidential Records
Speechwriting
Michael Waldman
OA/Box Number:
14417
FOLDER TITLE:
SOTU [State of the Union] 1999 Speech Drafts 1/9/99 - 1/12/99 [Binder] [3]
2006-0469-F
db2241
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - (44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - |5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
PI
P2
P3
P4
b(l) National security classified information 1(b)(1) of the FOIA]
b(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of
an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
b(3) Release would violate a Federal statute |(bX3) of the FOIA]
b(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
information 1(b)(4) of the FOIA]
b(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy 1(b)(6) of the FOIA]
b(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes 1(b)(7) of the FOIA)
b(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
b(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
concerning wells [(bX9) of the FOIA)
National Security Classified Information 1(a)(1) of the PRA]
Relating to the appointment to Federal office 1(a)(2) of the PRA]
Release would violate a Federal statute |(aX3) of the PRA]
Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
financial information 1(a)(4) of the PRA]
P5 Release would disclose confidential advice between the President
and his advisors, or between such advisors |a)(5) of the PRA]
P6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy 1(a)(6) of the PRA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed
of gift.
PRM. Personal record misfile defined in accordance with 44 U.S.C.
2201(3).
RR. Document will be reviewed upon request.
�j....L-i-.
.!"7
:
.
Michael Waldman
01/09/99 02:17:03 PM
Record Type:
To:
Record
Joshua S. Gottheimer/WHO/EOP
cc:
Subject: Re:
Forwarded by Michael Waldman/WHO/EOP on 01/09/99 02:18 PM •
Glastris @ aol.com
01/09/99 01:13:46 AM
Record Type:
To:
Record
Michael Waldman/WHO/EOP
cc:
Subject: Re:
>
:
v.r,- •,v i;'. " ^ / . - ' - ' . t f t '
:
. . i - ^ ^ „. „..,.
..^
•
Our seventh great challenge must be to build a strong American
community for the 21st Century.
Today, new conditions are challenging us to keep true to our oldest
values in ways that make sense for today. A new wave of immigrants, [cut in
percentage terms, this wave is smaller than the one that occurred at the turn
of the century, and while they are more diverse, their differences have had a
far less shocking affect on Americans today than the Irish and Eastern
European immigrants of a century ago did to Americans at that time. Moreover,
I don't think we want to be questioning the American people's loyalty to old
ideals, larger
than any in a century, more diverse than any in history, is changing the
Clinton Library Photocopy
�face of America and challenging our loyalty to our oldest ideals] is
reinvigorating our cities, yet too of these newest immigrants are being taught
the lessons and ideals of American history that they need to know, and we need
them to know . The
ancient and ugly ghosts of racism and intolerance still haunt this land
--from Laramie, W y o m i n g , to Jasper, Texas. A quiet crisis of apathy has
descended over our democracy, as more Americans choose to opt out of the
political process.
A t the edge of the 21st Century, the choices before us are clear:
Will we allow our growing diversity to lead to many Americas -separated by
ignorance and mutual suspicion? Or will we commit ourselves to building
One America under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all? [mike,
I suggest replacing this next sentence w i t h one that proposes as the goal not
the stamping out of racism-there will always be racists among us and, hey,
it's a free country-but zero tolerance for racist acts In particular, while
I am not convinced of the wisdom of hate crime laws, it is at least worth
putting forth the best arguments for them Will
we accept racism as a burden to be borne, a shameful inheritance to be
passed on from generation to generation, or will we work hand in hand to
root it out for all time?] Will we accept acts of viscious racism as merely
regrettable incidents of no greater significance, or will we recognise that
racist behavior is a special danger in a diverse society like ours and cannot
be treated lightly .Will we allow civic apathy to weaken our
democracy or will we build strong communities and a robust democracy - a
model for all nations into the 21st Century?
I say we must choose One America. One people enriched by diverse
traditions, strengthened by shared ideals. One national community
sustaining the greatest democracy on Earth. It is the promised land we all
seek. Here is how we can get there:
First, we must welcome our newest immigrants to share and enlarge the
bounty of our land, [cut for length Today, one in ten people in America was
born in
another country; one in five schoolchildren come from immigrant families.
The new accents and new faces have left some Americans feeling unsettled,
fearful that the America they know and love is becoming a foreign land.
This is no time for fear. It is a time of hope, rejuvenation and
celebration for America. ] My fellow Americans, look at our newest
immigrants and you will see yourselves, your parents, your grandparents.
In the Korean child minding the family store, in the Russian father w h o
works t w o jobs and still finds time to take his son the library, you can
see the hard work and striving for a better life that made America great,
that will keep us great in the 21st Century. These immigrants want
desperately to be good Americans. Yet we have done little to show them how.
Decades ago, immigrants received vigorous training in civics, English, and tk.
Tonight, I call for a new campaign to provide our newest immigrants w i t h
training in American ways and ideals-the kind of training our grandparents and
great grandparents received when they arrived on these shores.
[cut My fellow Americans, let us treat our newest Americans as we would
have wanted our o w n grandparents to be treated.] Let us say to one another:
�Whether your ancestors came here on slave ships or on the Mayflower,
whether they landed on Ellis Island or Los Angeles International Airport,
whether they arrived yesterday or have been here thousands of years, if you
believe in the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution, if you
accept the responsibilities as well as the rights embedded in them, then
you are an American.
Next, we must strengthen and enforce the laws that help keep the
American Dream alive for all Americans -regardless of race, religion, or
sexual orientation. ?Equal opportunity for all, special privileges for
none:? It is the creed shared by all Americans no matter their political
party. Every American must have the opportunity to rise as far as hard
work and talent will take t h e m . And all America loses if we let
discrimination stifle the hopes or deny the potential of any single
citizen. That is w h y I call on Congress to make the Employment
Non-Discrimination Act the law of the land.
This year, the brutal murders of t w o men on t w o deserted country roads
hundreds of miles apart shocked the conscience of this nation. In life,
James Byrd and M a t t h e w Shepard had nothing in common. But in death, they
were victims of the same killers: Ignorance and intolerance. Their killers
refused to recognize their humanity —and for that, all of us must accept
responsibility.
I call on Congress to speak with one voice and pass the Hate Crimes
Prevention Act this year. We must declare unequivocally that acts of
violence and intolerance will never be tolerated in this great land of
freedom and equality.
But let us also recognize that laws can only go so far. We must
begin where we always have: by reaching out at home - i n our o w n
neighborhoods and communities to forge new bonds of empathy and mutual
respect.
For more than 2 0 0 years, through times of prosperity and hardship, the
ethic of civic responsibility - t h e idea that every citizen has the
obligation to give something back and the power to make our world a better
place - h a s been at the heart of what it means to be an American. Civic
participation is the lifeblood of our democracy.
There are some w h o say that this ethic has begun to wane. That more
and more we are becoming a nation of strangers, isolated from each other
and from our civic duties. Millions of Americans, whether lulled to
complacency by prosperous times or alienated by Washington politics, chose
to stay at home in the last election.
But I am confident that America?s reservoir of civic responsibility
and citizen service is still deep, that it can still be tapped to meet our
newest challenges. That is w h y I am so heartened by the outpouring of
volunteerism in America in recent years, especially among our young people.
And that is w h y I am so proud of the men and women of AmeriCorps, who can and
must lead us on the path to civic renewal.
This year, we celebrated the 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 member mark for AmeriCorps.
�AmeriCorps has done in four years what took the Peace Corps t w o decades.
AmeriCorps members have helped 4 , 0 0 0 communities, touching the lives of 33
million Americans. They have taught 2.6 million children; built or
rehabilitated more than 2 5 , 0 0 0 homes; helped more than 2 0 0 , 0 0 0 seniors live
on their o w n , planted 52 million trees; and organized an additional 2
million volunteers.
By serving together --Ivy Leaguers next to inner-city high school
students next to kids w h o grew up on farms -AmeriCorps members are
learning that much more unites our people than divides us; that what
matters most is not your politics or the color of your skin, but your
ability to get things done - t o hammer a nail, to teach a child to spell,
to have an open heart and extend a helping hand.
So today, I call on Congress to work w i t h me to expand AmeriCorps, to
give more Americans the chance to learn firsthand the power of civic
action. [John Glenn]
The approach of a new millennium gives us yet another important
opportunity to show our civic spirit, to come together as one community to
honor the past and imagine the future. I call on cities and t o w n across
America to work together to mark this momentous event as a community
- w h e t h e r by restoring places of historic importance, cleaning up a river
or a park, recruiting volunteers to help children and needy families. And
to honor these efforts, I will designate 3 5 , 0 0 0 communities, ?Millennium
Communities.?
The First Lady?s millennium efforts.
�•
JuneShih
Record Type:
To:
01/09/99 04:20:33 PM
Record
MAWALDMAN @ aol.com @ inet, Michael Waldman/WHO/EOP
cc:
Joshua S. Gottheimer/WHO/EOP
Subject: shepards
In this audience tonight are Judy and Dennis Shepard of Caspar,
Wyoming. For 21 years, they raised and loved a son -- cheered him in Little
League and community theater, encouraged his dreams to become a diplomat,
delighted in his kind and gentle spirit. Three months ago, the Shepards buried their
son, a victim of ignorance, a victim of intolerance, a victim of hate.
My fellow Americans, Matthew Shepard was beaten, tied to a fence, and
left for dead on a cold, deserted country road simply because he was gay. My
fellow Americans, before we are black or white, christians or jews, gay or straight,
we are sons and daughters, brothers and sisters... the children of God. We are
human beings with an equal right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. So
when they killed Matthew Shepard, they diminished the value of all human life on
this earth. So I call on Congress to speak with one voice and pass the Hate Crimes
Prevention Act this year. We must declare unequivocally that America values every
one of our people; that we will never ever tolerate acts of violence and intolerance
in this great land of freedom and equality.
�Clinton Presidential Records
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digitization capabilities, we are sometimes unable to adequately
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�
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Title
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Michael Waldman
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<p>Michael Waldman was Assistant to the President and Director of Speechwriting from 1995-1999. His responsibilities were writing and editing nearly 2,000 speeches, which included four State of the Union speeches and two Inaugural Addresses. From 1993 -1995 he served as Special Assistant to the President for Policy Coordination.</p>
<p>The collection generally consists of copies of speeches and speech drafts, talking points, memoranda, background material, correspondence, reports, handwritten notes, articles, clippings, and presidential schedules. A large volume of this collection was for the State of the Union speeches. Many of the speech drafts are heavily annotated with additions or deletions. There are a lot of articles and clippings in this collection.</p>
<p>Due to the size of this collection it has been divided into two segments. Use links below for access to the individual segments:<br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=43&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=2006-0469-F+Segment+1">Segment One</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=43&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=2006-0469-F+Segment+2">Segment Two</a></p>
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Michael Waldman
Office of Speechwriting
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1993-1999
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2006-0469-F
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Segment One contains 1071 folders in 72 boxes.
Segment Two contains 868 folders in 66 boxes.
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Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
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William J. Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
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SOTU [State of the Union] 1999 Speech Drafts 1/9/99 - 1/12/99 [Binder] [3]
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Office of Speechwriting
Michael Waldman
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Box 43
<a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/show/36403"> Collection Finding Aid</a>
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White House Staff and Office Files
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7763296
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