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Clinton Presidential Library
1200 President Clinton Avenue
Little Rock, AR 72201
501-244-2857
Inventory for FOIA Request 2006-0457-F
National Security Council Records on Zimbabwe, 1995-1997
Extent
105 folders, approximately 5,855 pages
Access
Collection is open to all researchers. Access to Clinton Presidential Records is governed by the
Presidential Records Act (PRA) (44 USC 2201) and the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) (5 USC
552, as amended) and therefore may be restricted in whole or in part in accordance with legal
exemptions.
Copyright
Documents in this collection that were prepared by officials of the United States government as part of
their official duties are in the public domain. Researchers are advised to consult the copyright law of the
United States (Title 17, USC 101) which governs the making of photocopies and other reproductions of
copyrighted material.
Provenance
Official records of William Jefferson Clinton’s presidency are housed at the Clinton Presidential Library
and administered by the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) under the provisions of
the Presidential Records Act (PRA).
Processed by
Staff Archivist, 2011-2012. Previously restricted materials are added as they are released.
Scope and Content
The materials in FOIA 2006-0457-F are a selective body of documents responsive to the topic of the
FOIA. Researchers should consult the archivist about related materials.
This FOIA contains National Security Council records concerning the nation of Zimbabwe from 1995 to
1997. During this period, Susan Rice was the Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for
African Affairs. Throughout the 1990s, Zimbabwe enjoyed a working relationship with the United
States. In 1995, Zimbabwean President Robert Gabriel Mugabe visited President Clinton in the White
House. In March 1997, First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton made a six-country tour of sub-saharan
Africa, which included Zimbabwe. While there, she met with employees at the American Embassy in
Harare, held a roundtable discussion with Zimbabwean women leaders, visited the Kuwadzana
Municipal Polyclinic and the Zambuko Trust Microfinance Program, and traveled to Victoria Falls. That
year, the United States and Zimbabwe also signed the first extradition treaty between the two nations.
Also in 1997, African American preacher Reverend Leon Sullivan convened the African – African
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�American Summit in Zimbawe’s capital city of Harare to bring political and economic leaders together
in a conversation about Africa’s development. Transportation Secretary Rodney Slater and Reverend
Jesse Jackson led a large American delegation to the summit. In June of that year, the World Solar
Commission, headed by President Mugabe, approved the World Solar Programme. The Programme
emphasized the use of solar power in developing nations. In December 1997, Congressman Charles
Rangel led a Presidential Mission to Africa which included Zimbabwe.
Despite a productive relationship with the United States, Zimbabwe experienced challenges during the
mid-1990s and received a great deal of American aid. The El Niño climate event caused a severe
drought throughout much of sub-saharan Africa. The spread of the HIV virus continued have a negative
impact on Zimbabwe’s population. In the meantime, budgetary and economic issues continued to cause
problems. In November 1997, compensation paid to war veterans created a large deficit, resulting in the
near collaspe of Zimbabwe’s economy. A national strike a month later signaled continuation of a
prolonged economic crisis for the nation.
In the National Security Council’s records, responsive documents are located in the files of Erica BarksRuggles, Susan Rice, Dennis Jett, James Steinberg, MacArthur DeShazer, Shawn McCormick and
Ernest Wilson in the African Affairs directorate. These include the briefing book for the First Lady’s
March 1997 trip to Sub-Saharan Africa, records regarding President Mugabe’s White House visit in
1995, and correspondence, memos, and reports concerning matters related to Zimbabwe from 1995
through 1997. Relevent records in Speechwriter Robert Boorstin’s files are located with FOIA request
2006-0460-F.
Responsive material is also located in the NSC Cables, Emails, and Records Management System. The
released NSC Cables primarily consist of information for United States business regarding investment in
and trade with Zimbabwe. The NSC Emails contain discussions of Zimbabwe-related topics between
National Security Council staffers. These discussions include draft memos, press releases, reports, and
draft correspondence. The NSC Records Management System numbered documents include memos and
correspondence pertaining to Clinton Administration activities concerning Zimbabwe.
System of Arrangement
Records that are responsive to this FOIA request are found in these collection areas – Clinton
Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files; Clinton Presidential Records: NSC Cables,
Emails, and Records Management System.
White House Staff and Office files were maintained at the folder level by staff members within their
individual offices and document all levels of administrative activity.
Staff and Office Files are processed at the folder level, that is, individual documents are not selected and
removed for processing. While this method maintains folder integrity, it frequently results in the
incidental processing of documents that are not wholly responsive to the subject area.
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�The following is a list of documents and folders processed in response to 2006-0457-F:
Box 1
Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
National Security Council
African Affairs
Barks Ruggles, Erica/Rice, Susan
Briefing Book: FLOTUS [First Lady of the United States] Trip to South Africa,
Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Uganda, Eritrea [1] [OA/ID 2580]
Briefing Book: FLOTUS [First Lady of the United States] Trip to South Africa,
Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Uganda, Eritrea [2] [OA/ID 2580]
Briefing Book: FLOTUS [First Lady of the United States] Trip to South Africa,
Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Uganda, Eritrea [3] [OA/ID 2580]
Briefing Book: FLOTUS [First Lady of the United States] Trip to South Africa,
Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Uganda, Eritrea [4] [OA/ID 2580]
Briefing Book: FLOTUS [First Lady of the United States] Trip to South Africa,
Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Uganda, Eritrea [5] [OA/ID 2580]
Briefing Book: FLOTUS [First Lady of the United States] Trip to South Africa,
Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Uganda, Eritrea [6] [OA/ID 2580]
Briefing Book: FLOTUS [First Lady of the United States] Trip to South Africa,
Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Uganda, Eritrea [7] [OA/ID 2580]
Briefing Book: FLOTUS [First Lady of the United States] Trip to South Africa,
Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Uganda, Eritrea [8] [OA/ID 2580]
Briefing Book: FLOTUS [First Lady of the United States] Trip to South Africa,
Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Uganda, Eritrea [9] [OA/ID 2580]
Jett, Dennis/Steinberg, James/DeShazer, MacArthur/Rice, Susan, et al.
Official Working Visit of President Mugabe of Zimbabwe, May 18, 1995
[OA/ID 2663]
Box 2
Steinberg, James/Rice, Susan/DeShazer, MacArthur/McCormick, Shawn
Zimbabwe 1995 [OA/ID 872]
Wilson, Ernest J.
Zimbabwe 1997 [1] [OA/ID 1438]
Zimbabwe 1997 [2] [OA/ID 1438]
Speechwriting
Boorstin, Robert
Zimbabwe – Background [OA/ID 415]
Clinton Presidential Records: NSC Cables, Emails, and Records Management System
NSC Cables
Jan 1995 – Dec 1996
[Zimb *]
[01/04/1995 – 01/31/1995] [OA/ID 510000]
[02/01/1995 – 02/15/1995] [OA/ID 510000]
[03/02/1995 – 03/30/1995] [OA/ID 510000]
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�Clinton Presidential Records: NSC Cables, Emails, and Records Management System (continued)
NSC Cables
Jan 1995 – Dec 1996
[Zimb*]
[04/03/1995 – 05/26/1995] [OA/ID 510000]
Box 3
[06/02/1995 – 06/29/1995] [OA/ID 510000]
[07/03/1995 – 07/28/1995] [OA/ID 510000]
[08/02/1995 – 08/31/1995] [OA/ID 510000]
[09/01/1995 – 09/29/1995] [OA/ID 510000]
[10/03/1995 – 10/18/1995] [OA/ID 510000]
[10/19/1995 – 10/31/1995] [OA/ID 510000]
[11/01/1995 – 12/22/1995] [OA/ID 510000]
[03/01/1996 – 03/26/1996] [OA/ID 510000]
[04/02/1996 – 05/31/1996] [OA/ID 510000]
[06/03/1996 – 06/28/1996] [OA/ID 510000]
Box 4
[07/02/1996 – 08/29/1996] [OA/ID 510000]
[09/04/1996 – 09/30/1996] [OA/ID 510000]
[10/02/1996 – 10/30/1996] [OA/ID 510000]
[11/04/1996 – 12/31/1996] [OA/ID 510000]
Jan 1997 – Dec 1998
[Zimb*]
[01/02/1997 – 02/25/1997] [OA/ID 520000]
[03/03/1997 – 03/29/1997] [OA/ID 520000]
[04/01/1997 – 04/30/1997] [OA/ID 520000]
[05/02/1997 – 05/30/1997] [OA/ID 520000]
[06/04/1997 – 06/30/1997] [OA/ID 520000]
Box 5
[07/01/1997 – 07/31/1997] [OA/ID 520000]
[08/07/1997 – 09/30/1997] [OA/ID 520000]
[10/01/1997 – 10/31/1997] [OA/ID 520000]
[11/03/1997 – 11/26/1997] [OA/ID 520000]
[12/02/1997 – 12/31/1997] [OA/ID 520000]
NSC Emails
MSMail – Record (Sept 94 – Sept 97)
[Zimb*]
[01/07/1995 – 04/24/1995] [OA/ID 590000]
[05/02/1995 – 05/22/1995] [OA/ID 590000]
[06/03/1995 – 11/22/1995] [OA/ID 590000]
[02/16/1996 – 03/30/1996] [OA/ID 590000]
Box 6
[04/02/1996 – 07/19/1996] [OA/ID 590000]
[08/05/1996 – 12/17/1996] [OA/ID 590000]
[01/09/1997 – 04/25/1997] [OA/ID 590000]
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�Clinton Presidential Records: NSC Cables, Emails, and Records Management System (continued)
NSC Emails
MSMail – Non-Record (Sept 94 – Sept 97)
[Zimb*]
[01/31/1995 – 11/07/1995] [OA/ID 605000]
[02/15/1996 – 02/28/1997] [OA/ID 605000]
[03/06/1997 – 04/25/1997] [OA/ID 605000]
Exchange – Record (Sept 97 – Jan 01)
[Zimb*]
[09/02/1997 – 09/11/1997] [OA/ID 620000]
[09/12/1997] [OA/ID 620000]
Box 7
[09/15/1997 – 09/16/1997] [OA/ID 620000]
[09/17/1997 – 09/29/1997] [OA/ID 620000]
[10/28/1997 – 11/28/1997] [OA/ID 620000]
[12/02/1997 – 12/05/1997] [OA/ID 620000]
[12/08/1997 – 12/11/1997] [OA/ID 620000]
[12/23/1997 – 12/29/1997] [OA/ID 620000]
Exchange – Non-Record (Mar 97 – Jan 01)
[Zimb*]
[05/30/1997 – 07/31/1997] [OA/ID 630000]
[08/01/1997 – 09/04/1997] [OA/ID 630000]
[09/08/1997 – 09/25/1997] [OA/ID 630000]
Box 8
[10/01/1997 – 11/25/1997] [OA/ID 630000]
[12/01/1997 – 12/02/1997] [OA/ID 630000]
[12/03/1997 – 12/23/1997] [OA/ID 630000]
NSC Records Management
[Zimb*]
9500601 [OA/ID 562]
9501287 [OA/ID 566]
9503666 [OA/ID 582]
9503679 [OA/ID 582]
9503719 [OA/ID 582]
9503867 [OA/ID 583]
9504796 [OA/ID 590]
9505122 [OA/ID 592]
9505540 [OA/ID 595]
9506740 [OA/ID 603]
9601779 [OA/ID 1091]
9602177 [OA/ID 1093]
9603871 [OA/ID 1105]
9606183 [OA/ID 1121]
9606311 [OA/ID 1121]
9606447 [OA/ID 1122]
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�Box 9
Clinton Presidential Records: NSC Cables, Emails, and Records Management System (continued)
NSC Records Management
[Zimb*]
9701574 [1] [OA/ID 1606]
9701574 [2] [OA/ID 1606]
9101664 [OA/ID 1607]
9701780 [OA/ID 1607]
9702644 [OA/ID 1614]
9703670 [OA/ID 1622]
9704211 [OA/ID 1626]
9704764 [OA/ID 1630]
9704796 [OA/ID 1630]
9704802 [OA/ID 1630]
9704827 [OA/ID 1630]
9704944 [OA/ID 1631]
9705048 [OA/ID 1632]
9705273 [OA/ID 1634]
9705874 [OA/ID 1638]
9706120 [OA/ID 1640]
9706188 [OA/ID 1640]
9707279 [OA/ID 1648]
9707498 [OA/ID 1651]
9707679 [OA/ID 1653]
9707753 [OA/ID 1654]
9708075 [OA/ID 1656]
9720207 [OA/ID 1286]
Last modified: 01/02/2013
2006-0457-F
Clinton Presidential Library’s web site
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6
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Finding Aids - Collection Descriptions & Inventories
Description
An account of the resource
Finding aids at the Clinton Presidential Library contain a detailed description of the collection including the total number of pages or photos and length of video and audio recordings. Finding aids also include background information of the collection’s topic and details on the record type (ex: email, memorandum, briefing book, Betacam video, audio cassette etc). <br /><br />Finding aids describe collections at the box and folder level, and include a folder title list and information about the arrangement of the collection. <br /><br /><strong>Please note the majority of collections have not yet been scanned nor made available online.</strong>
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
William J. Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Zimbabwe - Collection Finding Aid
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
2006-0457-F
Description
An account of the resource
This collection consists of National Security Council records concerning the nation of Zimbabwe from 1995 to 1997. Throughout the Clinton Administration, Zimbabwe enjoyed a working relationship with the United States which included many high level visits as well as 1997’s African – African American Summit. In addition, Zimbabwe received a great deal of American Aid during the mid-1990s in response to a number of crises. The records in this collection include correspondence, memoranda, briefing materials, cables, and emails.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
William J. Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Finding Aid