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· .PACSIMILS 'l'RANSMISSION P'ORM.
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lOBBRt J .- LIDO<JAa
B!NIOR PLANNING OPFIOBR
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Al»A · oL rvzir
OFPIOBR IN CHARCJB
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· .· UHICIP-~A!l~O. DOMINGO ·
BJECT:
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TRANSLATION FROM SPANISH. TO IHGttSH..
. • . Oi' DICLAltATION OF ST. LUCIA
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1\nnexed · r>lease · find
a
non-offi~ial tranelation . :of -the
. AbQVemen~ion•4 c1eo1a~ation, produced by thia offioe. ·we contacted
· the Offioa o.f the Pirat Lady of' Paraguay .to determine if there wa1
an off ictal tra.ttal.ation, · but· 'Were told that it . was not : rtadily
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Al•o,. Mr.', Adorna will aent! _.to you on Monday, Ootobai' 24, a oopy of _
the. eorre·,pondin;, t.tip, repor~ for the St. Lucia Confer.enc; ..
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uAndr••·Avbel C6itl>!~not · ·
rolcng. M~~klol ~o ..1tl$
bfloJna parala Aepl)bllca Oomlnk:ana · ·
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�IINIJ .. t-~
.. FR(IM
1-'1'-INNI'Nh
11'\.)1.:1994
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AQUOAS
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(tmof!J.otal Tran•1at.,1on) · ·
. DBCLUATIOif OJ' .BT. LUCIA .
.wa, · tu· Wiv•s ot Head• _·of .· ·stata ·anti .·GOvernments,
Repraaantativu of Oovet'nmentl an4 Pizost rA41•s ot · the Aaer~aas-,
muting :l.n st. 'Luol•, t'C.COCJniti.ng. that there 111 a need· to work
t.<>qathat"' t.o aotiv~ly aupJ>Ort the ln1_t1atlves and eooia_l . polio_1•• .
.di~eoted at th• ·m()tt wlraera.bl• e•ot.or•- ot our society 1 hereby
. _declare that: tha a~an~tbanin; ot the ·inte;ration an4 oo~peration ·
· »X"~o••••• of O\:U' nation• will be the t-eault• ot •ot1ons c11~eoted at
lmprovit\Q'. the quality. of lite Of- the population.
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OU¥.' joint effort. it\ ba.nefit. ot the eoo1ai devalopmetat ot ''tha ~! tbe Amer.S.caa ba1 a• a main purpose tlie i4el1t1f1(:1at1on or
po~l...•~ t.ba intro4uot:ion ot aolut!C)ns ancl ttJ.•, •tt-en;tl\•nS.n9 C)f . ·
na~~o~al p~oqr~es which will allow for ua ~o meet the:qoala or·
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·nation•
·~•ttail'&b1e. c!avelopaant.
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~ · · · Moltti"v· ao_' ou:r: owr. the p~•oocupatian• a.ncl analyai• dtbatad. in
· . *••tin;•: h~ld. p:t:tevioual.y in Van•tual~, Colombia and Coata· Rica, as ·
11•11 •• ~t:be. 4eol.azoa-tiona and a~r·~•n_ ta to carJ:y out p_e1:tibent .
·. aotiou 1 we co=• to9•tta•r to vive a 10\U\C! ot •lert on th• t-ap14 :. ·
~~~M=n.of. p_ovezot1· Of tlle peoples of Latin_ ~eri~·- ancl
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In :aooorctanoe \lith the role currently boin;- car~1•cl_ out .bY- '·· ·
'wo_liiF'. 1*. -.ocS.ety 1 ·out' ~•spono!billt1oa_ in the paat daQa.de hav•
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e~;Lve4:tQ"Wa~a the promotion of actions,· projects ~n4 pt'oirammea
eaoo~a~. cl•vel.opm•nt. tocu•in~ on ~he te.#hnioal *nd pro~ecuaiot\al
tor:
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. · - ~PVXRM our ooa1tment . to .. support act:lon1
coaplet.lf- f,avour tll• h'l.llnOra . right• of women ancl
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CO~Vant~~"
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Wh1,cb
p~4mote
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the ·
change•· in ourr•nt legislation, aooord1n;. to the :
an th& El1m1nat1on ot _all Forms Q~ · D1•c~ialnat1o~ ·-
.. ' A4•1nat l1Wo•an•
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-~~MKEND the ai~ing and rat1f1oat1on
Convent on to
sanction and
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ot _the Inter•ba:rioan':
violono• Agai.n•t .._
Pal''"'>, a4opt$c!l on Juno 9 I 19i4, 1n
t.h~ 24th. Or41nary Se•s1on of tf&e OA& Genara_l A&s_embl.;r1 ·.held in;;.·
8)t•a11, a"4 support action• to ~at'antee the !mplamentat~on.of- th•'
Prave~t,
.. wo.en ' ccmvenoi6n dli 8o16r4
CQnvent.lcm.
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V,1~ the Oftorte ~1ng carr1.ed OUt by thOJ~a nati.on•: that bG>Ve'.
· made co
i$IU&S
o~ot~
'qo.1n&J in legia1at1on an women, eapeoially ·in those
8l(t.ted to 'intra
... falll11y v1olenoe
1 Whera tha prin¢1pl$
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_ vi~t!i•• ~t-e _woman, childron· _and. a4o1Qaoenta as well _•• other ·
· a4vanc••;th•t ben•fit ancl reoogn!te the right• ot th• woaa~ aa baaCI _ ,
.ot ~~us~ol~.
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PROPoSB aupportJ.n~ aatioril WhiCh will conttiJ:nata _to ~al:rf .out
the_.- -nact4aeary ebang•• · to~ ~· inoorporation ot . vom~n . un4U'
con~1t1oM of" •qual opportunitiel, 1clent1trirw t.be ._oult\lral arus
•oo~owaacmomic barri•r•. whiGb upaai: an4 41am:illlin~t• · •9aintP't, women, ·at.\4- a lao· d•v•lop •4uoationa1 aotion• Vbich will prepare hv ·tor deai•lon~kln; in· v~io~• ~or.m...
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M~l 'th~t ••"auoa aut ,. t~on to initiate or oontol1Ute -
~• ,X•~tion or th• projeota ·and re;ional inittative• Whl~ have
_been· pa1eaent.c:t .at thla •••tin9, auoh a•, "Training Modul•s to/
Prevent t.b.a ~nco~rect tile ot Psychotropic Subst:.ancea _by street Oh1J.«r•n (WHO),, ,roj•ot tor Rural, women (IXCA..IDB), . Pr~ject on
Chill Labor in. Latin Aaezo1ca (.XLO), Prevention of ,_PX'e;uuoi. . -· in
Mol.es~ent• (.UNPPA), ancl the_ Proj•ot "Lilt1n Aae¥"ioa Aqaih•t eanou~ .,
(ALI:CC·~opean COIIIDillion) ~
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agrfil$ to mat W-lth ·the. p•rtinant-antitiea to clevalop
pro,•gt• :in th• followtn; a~eaaa Detection or carv1x·vt~lne an4
. _Braaat d.•noar,· Literacy Support · caapaivn• for ' Adult woaaen,-.
- oe-v,1opment, Pro,•ota ror Rural Women, •- conao1ou•nut•Awar.n•••
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oampaiqn
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to 9omba.t Violenoe ,Againat
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TKE coNMtTHm t~
Woman,
:the Child ancl tamU.y. -
aupport aqtion•
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that . tha -
pror:•ala p~e••nted .1n -~· prepara~oey me•t.inge _of the fourth World
be held in Bai~in;.on Ba»tamber, 11.&, will
_ be ll(l1~ecS_ in ow:' worlc ·a;~m4a. · .
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. eon ere:n* on Wo,nan, to
. · .WI PlOPOSI a t~o teapo:r• Secretariat ~onformad, b1 ~e t.ut9oin;
aountry, tha cuttrant ho•t oo~tey an4 the, fUtUre. boat.
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Seot'.tari~t' •\ function w111_ ~ to coordinate · a.n.d . orc;anize. the
f
•nn~a1 ~t:!nq
th~a
in
futur• boat'•
coun~.
w2 ~IU!2 to adopt, tor t~t~Gt con!uenoeat ~-central ~~i._ to~:_ ·
dabtlte to bt, analyeod. in..depth by the put:icipanta.
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WI -UQOONI.ZB the importano~ of -the effort& oat"z:oied ou~ 'bf tha
,.1&-f't t.a~U.e• ancl i:h•.la:- teohnioal -advl•or•- . ln _,the
. con~titu~ion. and-- orqtniaat:lozt of tho•• uet1n;• ,of H&a4• 9f ste.t• an« Qov_...nts _of tb• ~trMU:ioca•. _. ·
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WB A:oO:M' a& the •)'mbQl of thee• Conf.t'tulQea 'the :a.ov.;. of th•
preraent · ~~rtl\ -confereftoa, in or4•r · tor .
meet-ing• to be _
_l4ent1t1~ with· a ·_unit()t"m lQ<Jo.
· WE OoNG:RATULATE
an<t
t.b.nlt
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th•••
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host, Mra. - Janiee compton a"d
the Cov•rnment of at.- Lucia for orqan1zing •nd carryinq 0\lt. th1a .
conterenae, reoo9nizinq their tr.maridous,atforts to-vuara~teo tno
•uo~s• Of . tlia ·_conference, .in spite of the .havoc oreat.ecl
Tropical storm Del:tb.,_.. _ ·
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·~HANK. ·the
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or~anizations,.
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tho p\lb1ic. an~f. :.; •·
ancS t;eohnical I'.
ptoiv•t:• ~JUititut.tons Of st •. t.uoia tor their t1nano1al
•upport to c-r~y out. tha ·conference. · . ·
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AOC~ tho propo••l or the Firat Lacty the RepUblic · ot
~•r•vu•r .~Q h.ave h•r ooun~r.hoet the rtrth. con:e~anoo of Wi~•• .ot
Hea5 ot lt•taancs Govemacante of ,the Amer1a.• 1 · to be held .in 1Jt&,
an4 we paooful.l.f thank the l"ir•t Lacly ot t.ha RepUblic or Boltv~a
. : ·rot prop~s!nq to have bar. O()un~ boat tb• six Contarenota, which .
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caat~.l••,: at. Lucia
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'94
.·OCT 21
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urn:crr
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z•~J1:oe Mi~or~ l\~oc•ol't
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·eountt-y Representat.i ve trom
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Ar~t.ntina
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Kathl. .n BqU.iv•1 · .
FiJ;"at Lady ot h1ic•
4.
auth: Bl•.t.na 'boa•
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Country Represe,ntativa tt-om . l~\l4a
.·.xtmet~a de
s.
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r1rst·.
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S'hObtJ
de Lo&ad.a
ao:a.1v1a
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·G1la• .Kart bmos ou1m&raea · · ·/ . ·
t.a4y ot
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. -._Country b»a:-••enta.tlve ft:o. B~azil .
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ril:st Lady ot Co•ta ·aJ.ca .· . ·
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coUitry
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Rap~•••n~a~ive f~cm CUba
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.strosa de Super
P1t-a1: Lac1y at Colombia ·
.ra~il'a
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Lady of Ch1le . .
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Repr:esfll\tl.tive.from
Curacao '
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Ftzott~ lta4y ot 10\aado:r:
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·r.tro~ ..-dy ot B1 Salvador
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.,i~•~: · y o~
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16..
:8eaele. !Watson de blna
· . l'i_z;ola~ Lady. ot ijondUJ:a•
17.
Ivy ~Y:tvia Coolte ··
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P1rat x.&4y·ot .Tua.1oa
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OCT 21 '94 15:31 UNICEF' STO OGO
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·19 •. Dora~aoy4 4e Plzo•• DollcdarH
Pir•~ X.c!r·
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20. · Mat:'lia
ot Panad .. ·
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-1'ezoalla oe.¥"a:-a•oo
Oowa~ n.~...ntati~
de WA•moay·: ·
troa i'ara;uay
1111beth Aotet_• Pattft~ · . · ·, · · · · '
countt;y Repz"eaentat1vca trom · PerQ , · .
21.
·.,.~.11ft.
22.
Ko1avon Lull.
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· cc:nmtz7 a.~e•cmtat1vo tr=a the Dominican Republic
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13. · L&dy.i ZV•lyn Al"~1n48ll ·
Fi;r•t
·Lad:y ot St • ki,t'ta/NAV18
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t.a4y i LUailJ.• JUel · '
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.. J'ir•~ Lady Ot St.·; Lua.ta ·
aa.
·Ju11m· ~.. ~Hll_ .
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ooun
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or~na.4inea
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~1---~ VanetJ.aan Vananbu .
rtt•~ J:4cty ot sur1name
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LadY i.JO&n Harrigan ranelly · •
·Pirat :Lacty af u.s •. Virqin I•_lan<te
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�The Harvard Crimson
I H~ UNIVERSITY. DAllY· •
FOUNDED 167::J.
S'l'E!'HEN E. i:iw,; '95. Llitrmn1 Chrt;t
MA'n'IIEWT.SEVl(X'9$.BusimsM~
, MAit!ON D. 6Mw1u!''S. Plr;,Ul"'"'.
JotMA11iEW!i '95,M~ Uuot'
GUEST
COMMENTARY
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.Clinton·Wms for Women·
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. ByLJDiiCUUer.
~tely folloWing the dections
of Nov. R, wo; em .,xpt!'d a ~te ~;>f
arrldcs. columns. editorials ;md
9,ut dlid Jaw enforcement ~q.
the Dep:lrtmeilt l:'lf Justia, is }t.....:frti }1)1
· Janc:t Rt:nQ--tbe first women anomey
gmeraL l fer deputy and seven of the U
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punditry r~ing the pre$i&~ey of
ffill Clinton. We will see adissection of
. the last zn mQnths, with a good dose 0 r
Mon&y monilng qir.lnerback "whi~ ·
and prediakll'l$ about the remainder of
assistant attorneys genef!ll are· women.
!his impaas the view of wome11's $life- '
· t'f llY our Stm=mmr:m.; With !lu: ~
sage (because of the firm staruf of otlr
p~i:ll!'nt)
of the ·Violent Crim,. (',.,_
trol 'and 'Law Enfnrcam:l1t AC! ·this
hU;: :term- The itlevit:lbiP. h"nrt;,-,.ppine;
nf the 1~6 election will begin.
. What we wUl not 5ee n\UCb of is the
;'ear. the Vit~lmce Again.~t Women Att
goOd
new$ for American women. We·
·rould ~ a great de:ll of lime talking
about
tbat Is que, buL niVIo:
i..TI.pOL'tlnt ~at that sood ne--.~ is.
beCime law. This invests heavily in the'
, ~ r.ccuriry o! womt:n by prctvid·
·whv ·
is
i"K
or dome;tic ahusc:.
Clintop htt JY~ore won•.!-n . in t.~.
judidarr than have been in
place at any gthc:r time L'l 01,1r history.
Everv cl:lv th& women make a differ~
erlCC:-fot
WOmen in 1hi~ lUlllll<>: "'"..J
.· !'or theh- fanlilies.
·
the "gag
ruk:~ that restrirud abortion ·
.;oyD3Cling at fc<krally fund~ Winily
nr lhf' mnst sc:nior
tun'j; appointments, 47 percent, ne:~rly
half. ~ w6men. forJ the tirst
in
our hio.tur y; ~c iwv~ p.uity in .dc<'ision .
time
freedom of ACGe$S to
WOtJ!~ econ-
this admumtralion., ~m;J the president's
plan is reduc:ing the defi.ci! ~· ne;~riy
S700 biBion av= &w y.an::
Along with the 0\ld plan' to rev;.
' Wb.e the ecDDOillV• the administr;~tion ··
ms e:ncour.lgd the formation · and·
dc:velopment of women-QWni:d busi·
nesses. Wome;o busines5 owners crut•
rently own 40 ~t of all bw!inesses:
WOtn<:n Cln>
~ biJGil\~"" "' D~-
Clini~
Ent:r<UKes
that W'nmen and their
dOctors C:.m ·Cntcr dinio; without fearing
rhl!!:e apPointees. hnld titles. nC\'cr
Act •to
before be:kl by wo11u:n. They arc run·
· ning department.~ and designing policy
in \\ital have been trilditionaliy male
positio!lS. Ointon's mo~ition. and
t:n.'i!Jre
intimidation and· vit•lence. AnO. the .
f)ey.!.rtment ofl-lealth and Hunmn $(1'viO!$. headc:d by Secreuxy DCl~na Shal~la... impk•·n~nt~d" c;:h.1rig<: t~;> the llyd~
'Amcndmt:nt obli!f1ting stalt;> lo pay !or .
of the. ce>nl1'11>utio=
won1en em ntakJ: in all area~ of g(•vernsociety h:ls nl<lde :m enNmmi~ differmce for:tll of Ul'.
inP.nt .. nd
·Some of the m~t drnm.·ttic and fur- · ·
reaching gairro rc.r women in Ule Uinton
.administration ha~t: lxen th~ nrpoint
4
mmtstothejvUiU...''f· Of the 143 pc<>ple
nominated to the federal bcndt, thr:
abortions for poOr women whose pregnmdes result from rape or ioccst. nr
endmgcr die life of th~ mothei.
The fiffi pi(U of lcgi513tion the
· pre$idi;Ilt ~gned. after I 0 years of ve!o .
o.:·.J l~ui; VJ Ll•c Rq•uLli'"'~ .v-as '
the family and 1- t~C11 L:-.1~e Act. This
l~~btinn eivf'!l wnrkin~. prople fr~ .
·pr~dent """"ffi 44 women- All. three
pn:vious president~ comhin~ did n?t
. dom for the fust time to take time fwm
!l<!ll'le b:llf of that number. The appoint- ·
ment thit wiD affect our li~ .tot the
lon~ peri~ of tim~ is that of Ruth 1
· ~~~clt:r GIT"..SUUI!) lu the; $uprcme Cc.utt..
bit by 11
hcnivc L.wu1y }·ilamuulS~ :o.uJ ,.;~ Ll.~e
nl<tldng roles in ~ur govertl•nenL Many
l.lndentau<liu~
ti~rly 'h=d
omy. 1M: ·pr=sidmfs ·ecoDomic plan
hits begun to. pnt our e::onomi' ho~
back in ordc:. There are ne\lrlV 4~ mil. , lion new jobs in IlK fun l9 ~onlhs of
planning dinics. The Reptlblicans ~
thmt~ed to mnstate the Mgagrule• in
their· "Contract 1\ith :America.. The
preSident,repealed the Mttiro Citypoli·
cy that banntd funding to international
organiz;ltiollS .that promoted compre-
positions in our·govemmmt, over 30
pcrcmt are wi:Jmm, artd in aU of Clin·
nr
.
dom of choice for womc:n; He rrpa!c:d
all
In '~~f'!'Oi~fmrnt•
.
Fron1 · hi$ vety' first day in nffice.
Ointon bas "''Orked to promote frr:c-
abirJet. in hisgovmmental appointees
;~nd in the
lliUlO: }'VIi~o:, Jll~WI~ OlUU .!>0-
viees in a.sa im-olving ~ual •-iCilence
eounUy fii~· several majc:lr econo~'
~ ·ipd~ ~ ·fedual
deficit ~ · increasing }0$$ of jobs.
· female heads of h~ldS. an t:o~tr•
incrcmrig portkm of the labor force
-(which is '47 ~t female). were par-
.
work to .stav with a sick parmi or thi!d
and knew tbcir job is ~1:.
When the pr6iden1 t<'lnk uffi(e. the
and-a·balf ~the· T:ite ct tht~r ffill)e.
rount~ wd employ 11 milfion
WUIIu.:J.:r--11101'1:; ~
the fortune. 5{10 ·
Women husinc:ss owuers
,:,,....; .,cass to capitll, and the ainton
t;ompanits..
·admir.istxation~ tike:n wp~ted
stepli to create opportuniti!5 for thm~.
�\
,,
... ~ .... ~ ...... ~···:-"T ---.('- --·~.--
·,
Tht Sm:alJ. BusinCss Administration
· (SBA) , has ~ ~ · . !:teps to
·' in~ the aipitu available to womm- ·
owned finDs. The SBA has -li.shi:d
·Pis for dr.umticilly expanding lend-
ing to tlJ($ firms. incr~ng the num~
ber of loans to women. &on' 3.880 in
1993 to t,].tl in 1994. With otber initiatives by th~ SBA
hdp women .
business owncrs,. and the expansion of
<l{'PO\tunitic:s for women-ow~ted. busin~ to ohtain.go"Wlmmtc:onLtacts. ·
along y.'ith increasCd. tedmical ;J.$.1iis-
to
tance. wom~ are mnking Sl.-1-io\lS nc!\11
long-tc:im gains. ·
·
In addition, 'hith the p=;age of th\'
Earned In rome: Tax Credit~ (:tinton initial~ the bc:st, 'omprehcnsive mc:thcxl
of silpp!ying initiatives for low-income
Camili15, to •
to m~;~ve ahcad-lncen~.
tivc, .rather th3n punitive . t3x polk~-.
~e the way for th~: working JXX'f
to make real gaiDs.
Women !11"1! the ~ givers. respon- ·
siblt !tot only for thcir own. health bnt
. also for the health of their d\ildrc:ri,
spouses and parents.. As a f~t. worn·
r:n kcow bow important it is to keep
.. health care mOfnl at the top of OllT
n:1ti0nal agc:nda.
' · Despit~ being the biggest l;o~ners · .
of ht::alth ou'C: ~ic;t"S, womrn have a
harder time getting hi:."litli tover.~tte
thati men. Thc:y <Ire more likc)y to work.
pm~time and in pink-oollar jobs 'hithout healtl:i ins\lTance: of the 16 million
wom~ without covtT.tge in 1990, ~If.
h~d uninsured jobs. TI1ose hlc:kv
enough .to . b:~~e in.~uranc~ par .mor~
women aged lS to •H pay 68 pc:rcent
inore· out~f·J«ket for , he:tlth c;~rf;'
t}:laa"thOr m~k ctwrl1crpart."'
All of this at a time when wamcn
are incre3singly ;;ffiicied with All.JS. ,
with br~ C3ncci' (one· in 20 womol
1Q y~ ago .to one in eight today),
with increased in~ldcni:~ of hl:al't dis-
=
coo~
and with j!J~t~ Ti&k.~ of environ- .
,.
menmlly-induc:ed problcniS. The (.:linton 'a(iministranon has b1,mt:hed :1 vati. ety of pr~ to impmve prn>entivl:
em: for women. While the= ·CongreSs
failed to pasS health. ref<,rin kgisbti~;~ri .
·this yr.ar•.~· president and the fim
lady win mntinue to li~t for cmct- ·
i.
ment.
. :. In the -~ f~er.U funding
for breast cma:r re5121'Ch and pr~
tion ba$ been in~ $650 million in fisCal 1994. ln -additi11n. the
National Action Plan on 8rt'aSt Qmg:r
.-'
·.provides a blueprint for· a ~ · ·
betwc:en the govcrmnent ~nd the prj'- .
- vatz: seo.Or to work ·to· pn:vent. d~·
nose. tmtt .and ultirt~:~tdy .climin;~te
breast canter.
With tbe Women's Health Initiative.
the ~oo J:mnchcd the largest
clinical research studv ner conducted··.
on either men or- wo~l to~~ the·
triajor call..<;£$ of dath. dis;dlility ~.
· frailty in post-menop:ags:d -..-omen:
heart c;lisease. bre:lst and-colon, anc:er
and ost~ ·An m~pb:lsis ·to .
~ · include minority women at each c:linical
: ~te iS a 1;0mponc:nt of !he study.
·
Edac:arion. homing, :and ~f:r/ other
arm of our )ivc:s is being impacted by
the women the president hns -appo~t~
to cany out the PQliC.~ and the.~n1mitml:l3t be ba$ 10 ;. ~ttc:r qu:ility of
life and equality of oprortunhy f\'f tbt
\~omen of AJnaic:~- , .
·
It will be up to ~~ tC. tdl peOple
abont these iJ'ljtl;ativ£S and Jhe Wl>ric: of.
the president on .Ow- hehnlf.lt'~ good ·
nc:WS and du:refore we pwbably won't
read it on the frorit ra!!:E:!' of our news-
papc:zs~Women have a resptl11-''i\1ility to ..
spT~;:Jd th~ word,-:-our day as full citi·
.7.clS is cm1ling much f:t•lt'l' hct<:~uiic wt'
d~t:d
\
.
!
'
''
. I
nil! Clinton.
L;m Cutler. _(ormer vit:t-rhair• of the
Demccml'k NariDnal Commitl!'t, i$ nJd- ·
l(m' at tl1r l~1.<tifrltt (lf/'1•liti;·!. ·
SJILI10d,dO.LSNI
ttCt 96f7 L 19.Q..
t6/10/T1'
�.,.
Draft Concept Paper
Summit of the Americas
Symposium on Healthy and Educated Children
for First Ladies
Purpose: To provide the First Ladies attending the Summit of the
Americas with the opportunity to discuss issues on the official
agenda of the Summit -- health and education -- as they affect
children, to give them the opportunity to exchange experiences of
challenges and achievements in these areas,. and to present to the
press and the public their concerns and views of how these issues
can best be addressed in the Hemisphere·.
Scene: First Lady Hillary Clinton and up to 30 First Ladies from
the Hemisphere will attend the symposium. There will be a
plenary session of roughly 1 hour and 15 minutes in which Mrs.
Clinton will make introductory remarks, followed by a video
.
prepared by UNICEF (description attached at Appendix A), followed
by an overview of the challenges and achievements in children's
education and health in the Americas. There will then .be roughly
15 minutes for a brief discussion of these issues •
. The First Ladies will then break tip into three or four
discussion groups focussing on specific issues of children's
education and health.
(See a list of possible topics at Appendix
B.) For each topic and discussion group, there will be an expert
present to facilitate discussion and act as a resource person.
(See a list of potential experts at Appendix C.) A possible goal
. for these groups could be to share information about successful
models for addressing some of the problems outlined in the
plenary session.
Participants will reconvene after approximately one and one
half hours for lunch. The program for lunch could follow one of
three forms: the conversations in working groups could continue;
chairs of working groups could report to the entire group on
their discussions; or there could be a keynote speaker.
Depending on the time available, a combination of the above might
be possible. The lunch program might focus on ways to expand or
replicate successful models.
At some time after the lunch, there will be a press
conference where several of the First Ladies will present a
statement reflecting the themes and conclusions of the morning
and lunch discussions. The press release will tie into the
broader themes of the Summit.
(See Appendix D for some thoughts
on the form and content.)
(The content of the press release and
the participants in the press conference will have to be
finalized at some point during the program if not agreed on in
advance.)
�The First Ladies will be provided with a briefing book with
information on the issues to be discussed.
(For an outrine of .a
briefing book, see Appendix E.)
Follow-up: Give~ sufficient interest on the part of the First
Ladies in following-up the Summit of the Americas, a number of
·possibilities (requiring different levels of resource commitment)
could be considered:
--a rapporteur's report on this fh: st.. meeting of 'the First
Ladies of the Americas, the issues they discussed and the
conclusions they reached. This could be published as a booklet
(with pictures, sidebars, quotations, etc., in the several
languages of the Americas) to be distributed widely.
--a follow-up discussion (to assess progress on the issues
0'~ ~ .
considered in Miami) in the context of the existing annual
C~~~
conference of Wives of Heads of state and Government of the
VI'~~o..l"
Americas scheduled to be held in Paraguay next year.· (There is a v·~~ ·11"'·
.. question of whether all countries in the region are members .of . \~~vi' .
this organization; this would have to be explored before
o~~ ~
·
proposing this follow-up.) This organization has a mechanism in ~~·
place for implementing and monitoring projects through the Office
of the First Lady in individual countries. ·
--an agreement that First Ladies will consult with their
countries' delegates to next year's World Summit for Children to
-ensure that their agenda is pursued in that forum.
--an agreement to hold future ad.hoc discussions among
interested First Ladies on particular issues considered in Miami.
These discussions might be linked to other events in the
hemisphere related to the particular issue .
.--an agreement to have First Ladies visit counterparts in
other countries to learn more about and highlight successful
models or to draw attention to and provoke action on particular
issues.
--the creation of a communications vehicle for the First
Ladies of the Americas -- a periodic newsletter of some type,
highlighting activities of First Ladies involving the issues
discussed in Miami and others of interest. This could be a means
of creating a measure of solidarity and collaboration among First
Ladies in the region. It could also serve as a focus of periodic
publicity benefitting the First Ladies. The vehicle could be a
.publication or even some sort of computer network, a la internet.
(Some First Ladies may not have their own computer setup. But
they could have easy access to one . . • or we could arrange for
them to have their own equipment.) Where there is enough
enthusiasm, there might be possibilities of using hemispheric
wide cable TV (Univision?) or other electronic communications
facilities. for periodic events focussing on the activities of
F.irst Ladies in the areas of health and education.
�Appendix A:
Description of UNICEF Video
The UNICEF video will be approximately 10 minutes long and will
provide a general overview of the problems facing children in our
Hemisphere and the major efforts underway to address those
problems. ·It will be produced by steve Anderson, who produces the
Rights & Wrongs piece on PBS. The basic outline is as follows:
1.
One minute on major problems facing children in the Americas,
including health, nutrition, sanitation, education, and violence.
2.
Several minutes on this hemisphere's commitment to addressing
these problems; focussing on the 1990 summit, development of
national plans of action,
the Narino Accord,
and various
initiatives in the hemisphere.
3.
A listing of issues that need to be addressed, focussing on
health and education issues.
�Appendix B: Possible Topics for Discussion at the First Ladies
Symposium
OVERVIEW
In order to improve the health and education of children in
the hemisphere, a variety of challenges remain. Among the most.
critical health issues facing mothers and children in the region
today are the needs to improve basic services for children, to
advance safe motherhood, to prevent HIV/AIDS transmission, and to··
improve equitable access to services through heaith care reform.
Among the most significant challenges in educating the children
of the Americas are providing children with adequate nutrition
and nurturing in their early childhood, providing access to
education to all children, and maintaining a quality of education
that keeps children in school and prepares them for productive
lives. In each of these areas, critical gaps remain.
·
·Nonetheless, there have been successes and, to a great extent, we
know how to meet these challenges if we can mobilize the
political will, creativity and resotirces to do so.
Major Health Issues:
Basic Health Services for ChLidren
Safe Motherhood
Access to Health Care for All
HIV/AIDS
Cross-cutting Health/Education Issues:
Early Childhood Development
Youth Lifestyles
Major Education Issues:
Access to Education and School Completion for All Children
Quality and Relevance of Education
More detailed·discussions of these issues follow.
�---
- - - - - - - - - - -
HEALTH
Basic services for children: Infant and child mortality, despite
steady declines, remain high in many Latin.American and Caribbean
countries, especially among disadvantaged populations. Half a
million infant deaths--more than 15 times the U.S. total~-occur
annually in the region, most of them preventable. Major
achievements to date have been in the "soft" goals, related to
high-impact yet simple technologies such as vaccinations and, to
a lesser extent, controlling diarrhea through oral rehydration.
The challenge now is to move to more difficult interventions such
as managing pneumonia·and improving nutritional status (including
micronutrients) and the "hard" goals such as neonatal mortality,
which require more complex interventions, while sustaining the
gains already achieved. The region-wide effort to eradicate
polio, which led to the recent achievement of interrupti'ng
transmission throughout the hemisphere was a model of
cooperation, partnership and participation. Now we need to
expand and adapt .this model to measles, which the region has
committed to eliminating by 2000 and to focus on interventions to
control diarrhea, pneumonia and neonatal infections, and to
improve nutrition.
Safe motherhood: Maternal deaths remain unconscionably high in
Latin American and the Caribbean, with average rates more than 20
times higher than those in the u.s. Moreover, because fertility
rates are also higher in the region, a woman's lifetime risk of
dying.from maternal causes averages 35 times higher in the
region, and, in some countries, is more than 100 times higher.
To reduce the risks, prenatal care, referral systems and
emergency.-obstetric care need to be improved.and expanded, and
the access and use of voluntary family planning information and
services need to be.increased. A recent pilot program in
Inquisivi, Bolivia, which utilized a number of these approaches,
showed a decrease in maternal and perinatal deaths and a marked
increase in modern ~ontraceptive use.
HIV/AIDS: The HIV/AIDS pandemic is advancing rapidly in Latin
America and the Caribbean, with an estimated 2 million infections
to date (expected to reach 3 million by the year 2000) inaddition to at least 1 million so far in North America.
Furthermore, the epidemic has shifted to predominantly
heterosexual transmission in most countries with concomitant
increases in infected women and their children. In part because
of the-long incubation period, in many countries, there is little
awareness of the magnitude of the threat, which has grave
implications economic development as well as health. It is,
therefore, important to heighten awareness and mobilize political
will in order to develop programs to promote safer sexual
behavior, increase access to condoms and control sexually
transmitted diseases (which enhance HIV transmission). There
have been small-scale successes. In Haiti and Brazil, for
example, condom use has rocketed. Comprehensive programs have
�----------
•.
now been initiated in those two countries as well as in Jamaica,
Dominican Republic and Honduras.
Access to sustainable health care services for all: Health
status varies greatly within countries of the region. For
example, in Guatemala; infant mortality is more than two-thirds
higher among indigenous peoples, and maternal mortality is also
significantly higher than in non-indigenous groups. Among the
contributing factors, major inequities in access to health
services is an important one. .In order to make services more
equitable, efficient, effective and sustainable, many countries
throughout the region are undertaking health-care reform efforts.
These efforts include changes in health policies and institutions
such as:
•
•
•
•
•
promoting decentralization,
reorienting budgetary priorities to favor essential services
for the poor,
exploring alternative means of financing, managing and
providing services,
making greater use of NGOs,
shifting the role of ministries of health from providers to
regulators and setters of quality standards.
There is no single formula that can be applied in all settings.
The reforms have·to take into account the cultural and
institutional characteristics of each society. There have been
successful approaches and we're learning how and where.to apply
them. The Prosalud experience in Bolivia, where a self-financing
NGO program is delivering high-quality services to a variety of
populations, is one example.
EDUCATION/HEALTH
Early Childhood Development:
Women.in Latin America and the
Caribbean are leaving traditional roles and entering the local or
regional workforce in dramatic numbers. The need for structured
child care and preschooling is urgent and growing. Only 28% (8.9
million children) of the preschool cohort in Latin America and
the Caribbean has access to any form of preschooling. Without
adequate government and private sector programs, the health and
educational needs of young children are neglected and their
potential as future pupils and workers is impaired. Preparing
children for the changes of the 21st century requires imparting
skills which build individual confidence, adaptability, problemsolving approaches and teamwork. This process should begin in
the preschool years. Children without access to early childhood
development programs are less able to benefit from educational
opportunities later and may never become competitive in·the work
force. This perpetuates an age-old pattern.
When local
communities are mobilized and given resources to address issues
of child day care, malnourishment and school curriculum, problems
�-~--
--~-
---~--~--
- - - -
~------
are solved rationally.and the community's capacity to solve new
problems independently and democratically is strengthened.
EDUCATION
Access to--and Completion of--Education for All Children:
Governments frequently commit insufficient funds to public
preschool, elementary and secondary programs and public and
private education may be poorly coordinated, affecting both the
accessibility and quality of schooling. Efforts to reach remote
rural populations which are culturally or ethnically different
from the mainstream are often incomplete or non-existent.
Instead of developing multilingual, cro.ss-cultural curricula and
pedagogy, many education systems in the hemisphere promote
Western-oriented, cosmopolitan approaches which make few .
concessions to local cultural contexts. Furthermore, education
for girls and women is not given the attention it requires to
compensate for socioeconomic force~ that limit girls' access to
continued schooling. Incentives·are needed to keep both_girls
and ethnic minorities in school longer, setting up special
scholarships or other culturally acceptable programs. Modern
means to organize and project education programs to remote and
low-density population areas will eliminate vast per-pupil
expenditure rates. These might include regional boarding schools
or "distance learning" through radio/TV equipment and _educational
programs, delivered to local classrooms, community centers or
other public buildings.
Quality and Relevance of Education:
Repetition'and dropout
rates of school-age children in rural or disadvantaged areas
leave pupils with functional capacities (reading, writing,
critical thinking, problem-solving) well below age-group- norms in
many countries in the hemisphere~ Economic costs increase
substantially when pupils take extra years to complete primary
levels of education. Current methods of rote, teacher-centered
instruction transmit established socio-cultural legacies to new
generations but neglect the skills of independent critical
thinking or preparing students for lifelong learning and
adaptation. Up-to-date curricula and interactive, cooperative
teaching methods are indispensable in creating a productive
workforce which is adaptable to changing labor needs and inclined
toward democratic, collaborative approaches in public life.
curricular reforms based on functional, performance-based
teaching and testing can produce instructional efficiencies and
cut back dropout rates by making teaching more relevant.
Improved in-service teacher training must match curricular
reforms. At the secondary level, collaboration with major
private-sector employers will assure a vocationally-oriented
curriculum which is relevant to labor _market needs.
�Appendix
c:
Potential Experts on Children's Education and Health
in the Hemisphere
overview:
James Grant, Executive Director, UNICEF
Nancy Birdsall, Executive VP, InterAmerican Development Bank
Marta Mauras, UNICEF Regional Director for Latin America
·HEALTH
Dr.
Georg~
Alleyne, Director-designate of PAHO
Dr. Ciro de Quadros, Iinmunization Chief, PAHO
Dr. Silvia Bomsim, Proais Project/Brazil
Dr. Barbara Schieber, Mothercare Project/Guatemala
Carmelo Mesa-Lago, Economist/Public Sector Reform, NorthSouth Center
EDUCATION
Luis Crouch, Research Triangle Institute
Jeff Puryear, InterAmerican Dialogue
Rosa Maria Torres, UNICEF, Senior Education Advisor
Fernando Reimers, HIID
�Appendix D:
Ideas for Press statement
Today, (date) xxx First Ladies of the Americans
participated in a Symposium entitled "Healthy and Educated
Children of the Hemisphere. "
·
The issues discussed by the First Ladies included (list).
Both the challenges and successes of providing health and
educational services were considered (details?)
The First Ladies agreed that over the past decade, major
gains have been. achieved in bringing adequate, affordable and
qUality health care and education to the xxxx million children of ·
the hemisphere.· Successes have been based on (examples of
successful approaches).
However, important and difficult challenges remain (list).
The importance of these challenges and the need to address
them is also recognized in the discussions of the Heads of State.
(Mention relevant agenda items, conclusions an any new programs
at Summit).
Recognizing .the importance of the achievements of the pasts
and the challenges of the future involving the health and
education of the children in this hemisphere, the First Ladies
agreed to (describe follow-up) .
·
�·Appendix E:
outline for Briefing Book
A.
overall Summit ·Issues
B.
State of Children in Hemisphere
c.
Achievements and Challenges in Education
and Health for Children
D.
Models of success
E.
Remaining Needs
F.
Available Programs and Resources
/
�..
\ nver seems a magic thing. A magic, moving,
.,im.: part of the very earth itself-for it is from
::,c ,;~il, both from its depth and from its surface,
:,;.Jt a river has its beginning.
, Danger, Security.
seed crystals 0 (~:;;
tually reshape cultur~
: IL·RA GILPIN,
Companion, journal
The Rio Grande (1949)
ih.Jt river-it was full of good and evil together.
uld water the fields when it was curbed and
h.:cked, but then if an inch were allowed it, it
1shed through like a roaring dragon.
i< 110
:r.
:';IRL
rry the presence of the
rk that must not go OUt.
The Old Demon (1939)
BucK,
.\, we were in the midst of the dry season, the
ri1cr at Vat Thmey was now only a big snake of
;nuJ.
The Stones Cry Out: A
.unl}()dian Childhood 1975-I98o (1984)
\\<li.YDA SzYMUSIAK,
(1990)
1
sguise pain through rit·
Y solace we have.
From Scratch (19 88)
show that Art is not the
but that Art in some
·on, and that between
a bridge, and that.
ROME
lETITIA BALDRIGE, Of Diamonds and Diplomats (1968)
FRAN LEBOWITZ,
Metropolitan Life (1978)
Night doesn't fall in Rome; it rises from the city's
heart, from the gloomy little alleys and court,·ards where the sun never gets much more than
a brief look-in, and then, like the mist from the
Tiber, it creeps over the rooftops and spreads up
in to the hills.
CAROLINE LLEWELLYN,
The Masks of Rome (1988)
See also Italy.
ROOMS
A room is a place where you hide from the
wolves outside and that's all any room is.
jEAN RHYS,
ur growing up, you
....
LOUISA MAY ALCOTT,
journals (1868)
Most women still need a room of their own and
the only way to find it may be outside their own
homes.
GERMAINE GREER,
The Female Eunuch (r 97 r)
See also Houses, Space, Walls.
ROOTS
To be rooted is perhaps the most important and
least recognized need of the human soul.
SIMONE WEIL,
The Need for Roots (1949)
TAHEREH SAFFIR-ZADEH, "My Birthplace,"
In Rome people seem to love with more zest,
murder with more imagination, submit to ere·
.Hive urges more often, and lose the sense of
logic more easily than in any other place.
lunch. And they do it very well-Rome is un·
LJUestionably the lunch capital of the world.
secrets to oblivion!
act to bend a flower
a child!
I have at last got the little room I have wanted
so long, and am very happy about it. It does me
good to be alone.
I have not seen my birthplace, I where my
mother deposited the heavy load of her inside.
In Rome people spend most of their time having
irituality, Traditions.
277
ROOTS
Good Morning, Midnight (1939)
A woman must have money and a room of her
own if she is to write fiction.
·.
VIRGINIA WooLF,
A Room of One's Own (1929)
Resonance
in the Bay (1971)
Far away from my country I would be like those
trees they chop down at Christmastime, those
poor rootless pines that last a little while and
then die.
ISABEL ALLENDE,
The House of Spirits (1982)
To separate from my culture (as from my family)
I had to feel competent enough on the outside
and secure enough inside to live life on my own.
Yet in leaving home I did not lose touch with my
origins because lo mexicano is in my system. I
am a turtle, wherever I go I carry "home" on my
back.
GLORIA ANZALDUA,
Borderlands/La Frontera: The New
Mestiza (1987)
If you go away from your own place and people-the place you spent your childhood in, all
your life you'll be sick with l:0mesickness and
you'll never have a home. You can find a better
place, perhaps, a way of life you like better, but
the home is gone out of your heart, and you'll be
hunting it all your life long.
MARY
O'HARA, Thunderhead (1943)
But there were years when, in search of what I
thought was better, nobler things I denied these,
my people, and my family. I forgot the songs
they sung-and most of those songs are now
-~ae.:ad; I erased their dialect from my tongue; I
li;
i!
�218
MOTHER
Out of the corner of one eye, I could see my
mother. Out of the corner of the other eye, I
could see her shadow on the wall, cast there by
the lamplight. It was a big and solid shadow, and
it looked so much like my mother that I became
frightened. For I could not be sure whether for
the rest of my life I would be able to tell when it
.was really my mother and when it was really her
shadow standing between me and the rest of the
world.
alone, but also at that moment I wanted onh
see her lying dead, all withered and in a coffi;
my feet.
jAMAICA KINCAID, Annie fohn (1983)
No matter how old a mother is, she watches
middle-aged children for signs of improveme1
FLORIDA Scorr-MAxwELL, The Measure of My Days
(1968)
jAMAICA KINCAID, Annie fohn (1983)
She was the archetypal selfless mother: living
only for her children, sheltering them from the
consequences of their actions-and in the end
doing them irreparable harm.
MARCIA MULLER, "Benny's Space," in Sara Paretsky,
ed., A Woman's Eye (1991)
On one thing professionals and amateurs agree:
mothers can't win.
MARGARET DRABBLE, The Middle Ground (1980)
Oh! mothers aren't fair-1 mean it's not fair of
nature to weigh us down with them and yet expect us to be our own true selves. The handicap's
too great. All those months, when the same
blood's running through two sets of veinsthere's no getting away from that, ever after.
Take yours. As I say, does she need to open her
mouth? Not she! She's only got to let it hang at
the corners, and you reek, you drip with guilt.
HENRY HANDEL RICHARDSON, Two Hanged Women
(1934)
-fMy mother phones daily to ask, "Did you just
i try to reach me?" When I reply, "No," she adds,
"So, if you're not too busy, call me while I'm still
alive," and hangs up.
Whenever I'm with my mother, I feel as thou
I i}ave to spend the whole time avoiding Ia
mines.
AMY TAN, The Kitchen God's Wife (1991)
Now that I am in my forties, she tells me I'
beautiful; now that I am in my forties, she sen
me presents and we have the long, personal a1
even remarkably honest phone calls I alwa·
wanted so intensely I forbade myself to imagi1
them. How strange. Perhaps Shaw was corre.
and if we lived to be several hundred years o!t
we would finally work it all out. I am deepi
grateful. With my poems, I finally won even m
mother. The longest wooing of my life.
MARGE PIERCY, Braided Lives (1982)
She never outgrows the burden of love, and t
the end she carries the weight of hope for rhos
she bore. Oddly, very oddly, she is forever sur
prised and even faintly wronged that her son
and daughters are just people, for many mother·
hope and half expect that their newborn chile
will make the world better, will somehow be ~
redeemer. Perhaps they are right, and they car
believe that the rare quality they glimpsed in thl
child is active in the burdened adult.
ERMA BOMBECK, The r992 Erma Bombeck Calendar
(1992)
FLORIDA Scorr·MAxwELL, The Measure of My Days
(1968)
Blaming mother is just a negative way of clinging to her still.
When my mother had to get dinner for eight
she'd just make enough for sixteen and only
serve half.
';
NANCY FRIDAY, My Mother/My Self ( 1977)
I
I fear, as any daughter would, losing myself back
into the mother.
KIM CHERNIN, In My Mother's House (1983)
At that moment, I missed my mother more than
I had ever imagined possible and wanted only to
live somewhere quiet and beautiful with her
GRACIE ALLEN, in Liz Smith, The Mother Book (1978),
~~
One of my children wrote in a third-grade piece
on how her mother spent her time ... "one-half
time on home, one-half time on outside things,
one-half time writing."
CH,'\!!J.OITE MoNTGOMERY, in Good Housekeeping
(i-959J
�KAREN ~
2 I submit that women's history has been hushed
up for the same reason that black history has
been hushed up . . . and that is that a feminist
movement poses a direct threat to the establishment. From the beginning it exposed the hypocrisy of the male power structure. Ibid., Ch. 2
3 The bar is the male kingdom. For centuries it
was the bastion of male privilege, the gathering
place for men away from their women, a place
where men could go to freely indulge in The
Bull Session . . . a serious political function:
the release of the guilty anxiety of the oppressor
"The Bar as Microcosm,"
class.
Voices from Women's Liberation,
1970
Leslie B. Tanner, ed.
2408. Nancy R. Hooyman ( 1945See Mary Bricker-Jenkins, 2343:1-3.
2409. Ruth Iskin (1945In the dealer-critic system, galleries exist primarily for sale purposes and it is the critic's role
to promote the art product by establishing its
value and providing a justification for its
importance.
"A Space of Our Own, Its Meaning
and Implications," Womanspace
February/March 1973
2410. Kathy Kahn (1945-
~·
There is still a natural tendency for the peopleof one class to look down on people who they
think are lower class-as if they are less than
human.
Quoted in "Kathy Kahn: Voice of
Poor White Women" by Meridee
Merzer, Viva
April 1974
2 In places like the textile mills, where superhuman ~roduction rates are set, the people have
to take speed (amphetamines) in order to keep
up production . . . . Virtually every factory in
this country is run on speed, grass, or some
Ibid.
other kind of upper.
3 I do not believe in being paid for organizing· · · . because a revolution is a revolution. And
nobody-nobody-gets paid for making a
revolution.
Ibid.
down in the gutter? Are they n
I stand in a field of tall grass
for miles and miles? On the oth<
which is big and blue as
limits.
"\\
Bottom of tlu
2 Wash the white clothes on
~
them on the stone heap; wash
on Tuesday and put them on t
dry; . . . soak your little cloth
take them off; . . . always (
such a way that it won't tum
stomach; on Sundays try to \\
and not like the slut you are sc
ing; . . . this is how you smile
don't like too much; this is h<
someone you don't like at all:
smile to someone you like com
is how to make a good medicir
is how to make a good medicir
a child before it even becom
this is how to bully a man; th
bullies you; this is how to lo1
this doesn't work there are ot
they don't work don't feel too
up ..
2412. Karen Malpede (19
. . . in order for me to rev<
"man" I had to come to fem1
no other way, I had to come to
of the divine in women. Now i
within a long tradition of pe<
that theater is a way to reve
deep essence, the unrealized
holiness of humankind.
"Karen Malf
with Contemporary Wo,
Kathleen B
*See 2256.
2 Pacifism is an active, asserti
which, when used effectively
do with holding to a sense of
munity and with refusing to be
victim scenario.
3 The great artist speaks a tru
becomes universaL There's nc
that with one eye on the mark
4 I think artists, like most ott
want to face the fact that we
our extinction as a species and
with us all the life on earth.
�M
have done so for centuries.
2042. Lydia Gottschewski (fl. 1930s)
y are the objects of objects,
,;, frequently the objects of
:elves objects, and so, in
•osition, unqualified meme. To the extent that they
I ves out trying to integrate
prevailing delusional systhat, writing and living,
. In this case they encounat autonomy. Autonomous
systems can promote each
do not have to fight each
.e inner insecurity and imlemand the demarcation of
·intimidation.
Ibid.
mce exclusively the art of
lri ven to lovelessness, re.son, to magic spells). It
cmale tribal elders in the
cties; then, for a long time,
>m whom the first priests
1e ritual only by pushing
cgical clothing of women.
t1 to me to point out these
·ndignation, for humanity
eve! of magic and sorcery.
f is: Was it necessary that
:tand "alone" before Na. not in it?*
"4: A
er about Unequivocal and
leaning, Definiteness and
:finiteness; about Ancient
New View-Scopes; about
Objectivity," op. cit.
5. Pt. II: "If, Nature, I stood
reverence and dread. I
: today have nothing left
Ibid.
!ani (fl. 1930s)
>men as a part of the life
Jying down a division of
o sexes, without putting
>f those women who by
·ts reach the highest
'omen. Past and Present
1937
raigin (fl. 1930s)
iance can be of the most
se who do not believe it
gnorance of the facts.
Either Is Love
1937
It is a curious fact that pacifism . : . is a mark
of an age weak in faith, whereas the people of
religious times have honored war as God's rod
of chastisement . . . Only the age of enlightenment has wished to decide the great questions
of world history at the table of diplomats.
Women in the New State
/934
2050. Raisa Gorbachev
3 "The Congress and the armed forces are above
corruption. It would be better if we used the
money to buy the mass media. That would give
us a way to manipulate public opinion. which
is the only thing that really counts.''
Ibid .. Ch. 12
Soviet people are putting
revolutionary restructuring.
life .
. to be worthy of a
2051. Norma Meacock (
4 They were unable to bribe the members of
Congress. and on the date stipulated by law the
left calmly came to power. And on that date the
right began to stockpile hatred.
Ibid.
2043. Frances Newton (fl. 1930s)
There, in that manufactured park with its ghoulish artificiality, with its interminable monuments
to bad taste, wealth and social position, we were
planning to place the body of a beautiful and
dignified old man who had lived generously and
loved beauty.
Light, Like the Sun
/937
2047. Sandra Burton (1934?-
2
[Marcos*] was the kind of lawyer you would
hire to get you off if you were really in troubleparticularly if you were guilty .
Impossible Dream:
the Marcoses, the Aquinos.
1989
and the Unfinished Revolution
2 I can stand what I know. It's what I don't know
that frightens me.
jumped and twisted for half an hour while her
organs fell back in place.
Ibid.
Ibid.
2052. Alice Miller
(I
Society chooses to di
of children, judging it
because it is so
"Childhood and
Childhood. Hi
*Ferdinand Marcos (1917-1989). Philippine president
(1966-1986).
2044. Alice M. Shepard (fl. 1930s)
2048. Shirley Trusty Corey ( 193?-
They shall not pass, tho' battleline
May bend, and foe with foe combine,
Tho' death rain on them from the sky
Till every fighting man shall die,
France shall not yield to German Rhine.
"They Shall Not Pass"
n.d.
The arts must be considered an essential element
of education. not an optional or lesser element
in the consideration of time. materials or appropriate teaching staff. They are the content and
process by which we bring unity to isolated
knowledge and feelings. They are tools for living life reflectively. joyfully. and with the ability
to shape the future.
Letter to Elaine Purtnow *
/9 December /989
2045. Bertye Young Williams (fl. 1930s1951)
He who follows Beauty
Breaks his foolish heart.
"SonfAgainst Beauty"
2 Technical mastery and skill
many. but they are not
even become a prison for
to express themselves. for
to their technical proficiency
I have seen drawings that
down to the last detail.
flaw. yet they seem lifeless
who drew them is not se
3
sense of security. We are
yet we must gasp for air
way. probably over and
not want to be smothered
• Author.
2 The arts personalize knowledge and visions.
n.d.
demanding an ever growing development of the
mind and spirit. We do our children and our
country ill service by not supporting them adequately in our schools.
Ibid.
2046. Isabel Allende (193?It was a long week of penitence and fasting.
during which there were no card games and n<>
music that might lead to lust or abandon: and
within the limits of possibility, the strictest sad·
ness and chastity were observed, even though tl
was precisely at this time that the forked tail of
the devil pricked most insistently at Catholtc
flesh.
Ch. 1, The House of the Spirit\
Magda Bogin, tr.
!982 A bone in Nivea's corset snapped and the poinl
jabbed her in the ribs. She felt she was choktn~
in her blue velvet dress, with its high lace
collars its narrow sleeves and a waist so tighl
that when she removed her belt her stomach
2049. Maureen Fiedler (193?-
',..>
Why organize? First, because it ends isolation.
Many women feel treated as second-class citizens-in church, in society. In organizing we
lose the sense of being alone. Second. in organizing the whole is greater than the sum of its
Parts, and our energy is increased when we come
together. And third, we are building base communities which struggle for change and give us
a place to talk.
Speech, National Assembly of
Religious Women
Annual Conference
I 985
JOHN.
. that's nothing
This is what the Internal
peels. It's all pan of the
part. we have to play ours
American citizens!
Act I. Sc.
2
But she doesn't know
I'm not. Is that a happy
see? We· re not hurting her.
anything away from her. In
you in my life makes me
JOHN.
�---------------------·---------·- -- --·
WRITERS
Miserable is the fate of writers: if they are agreeable, they are offensive; and if dull, they starve.
LADY MARY WoRTLEY MoNTAGU, letter (1709), in
Octave Thanet, ed., The Best Letters of Lady Mary
Wortley Montagu (1901)
Writers are the moral purifiers of the culture. We
may not be pure ourselves but we must tell the
truth, which is a purifying act.
RITA MAE BROWN, Starting From Scratch (1988)
·~·
Writers are given the responsibility of sight. I
think that the whole burden, responsibility and
beauty of the gift forces us to construct our lives
differently so that we are able to become vehicles
to transcend, to encompass and articulate not
only our own experience but the experiences of
others.
ALEXIS DE VEAUX, in Claudia Tate, ed., Black Women
Writers at Work (1983)
Writers in Latin America live in a reality that is
extraordinarily demanding. Surprisingly, our answer to these demands protects and develops our
individuality. I feel I am not alone in trying to
give their voice to those who don't have it.
ELENA PONIATOWSKA, in Janet Steenburg, ed., The
Writer on Her Work, vol. 2 (1991)
355
It's an act of faith to be a writer in a postliterate
world.
RITA MAE BROWN, Starting From Scratch (1988)
There is no denying the fact that writers should
be read but not seen. Rarely are they a winsome
sight.
EDNA FERBER, A Kind of Magic (1963)
Whenever an encounter between a writer of
good will and a regular person of good will happens to touch on the subject of writing, each
person discovers, dismayed, that good will is of
no earthly use. The conversation cannot proceed.
ANNIE DILLARD, The \1?riting Life (1989)
All of a writer that matters is in the book or
books. It is idiotic to be curious about the person.
jEAN RHYS, in Carole Angier, jean Rhys: Life and
Work (1991)
If I could I would always work in silence and
obscurity and let my efforts be known by their
results.
EMILY BRONTE (r8so), in Bertha W. Smith and Virginia
C. Lincoln, eds., The Writing Art (19 3 r)
How can one not speak about war, -poverty, and
inequality when people who suffer from these
afflictions don't have a voice to speak?
The writer is either a practicing recluse or a delinquent, guilt-ridden one; or both. Usually
both.
ISABEL ALLENDE, in Marie-Lise Gazarian-Gautiez,
Interviews With Latin American Writers (1989)
SusAN SoNTAG, in New York Times (1986)
I resent people who say writers write from experience. Writers don't write from experience,
though many are hesitant to admit that they
don't. I want to be clear about this. If you wrote
from experience, you'd get maybe one book,
maybe three poems. Writers write from empathy.
NIKKI GIOVANNI, in Claudia Tate, ed., Black Women
Writers at Work (1983)
·.. ;
It should surprise no one that the life of the
writer-such as it is-is colorless to the point of
sensory deprivation. Many writers do little else
but sit in small rooms recalling the real world.
ANNIE DILLARD, The Writing Life (1989)
The writer of originality, unless dead, is always
shocking, scandalous; novelty disturbs and repels.
�1402
JULIA SETON
the child that is not flesh of my flesh. Grant that
I may be successful in molding one of my pupils
into a perfect poem, and let me leave within her
deepest-felt melody that she may sing for you
whc::n my lips shall sing no more.
"La Oracion de Ia Maestra" (The Teacher's
Prayer), Desolacion
1922
2 Let me make my brick schoolhouse into a spiritual temple. Let the radiance of my enthusiams
envelop the poor courtyard and the bare classroom. Let my heart be a stronger column and
my goodwill purer gold than the columns and
Ibid.
gold of rich schools.
3 A son, a son, a son! I wanted a son of yours
and mine, in those distant days of burning bliss
when my bones would tremble at your least
murmur and my brow would glow with a radiant
"Poem of the Son," St. I, op. cit.
mist.
10 I will leave behind me the dark ravine, and
climb up gentler slopes toward that spiritual
mesa where at last a wide light will fall upon
my days. From there I will sing words of hope.
without looking into my heart. As one who was
full of compassion wished: I will sing to console
men.
Quoted in Introduction to
Tala in Selected Poems of Gabriela
Mistral, Doris Dana. tr. and ed.
1971
1402. Julia Seton ( 1889- ?)
Dancing is a universal instinct-zoologic, a biologic impulse, found in animals as well as in
man.
"Why Dance?," The Rhvthm of the
Redman
/930
2 In its natural, primitive form, dancing is vigorous muscular action to vent emotion. Originally.
it was the natural expression of the basic impulses of a simple form of life. Triumph. defeat.
war, Jove, hate, desire, propitiation of the godsall were danced by the hero or the tribe to th~
rhythm of beaten drums.
"Dance in the Animal World," op. cit.
4 he kissed me and now I am someone else
"He Kissed Me," St. I, op. cit.
5
My grief and my smile begin in your face,
my son.
"Eternal Grief," St. 2, op. cit.
6 The crimson rose
plucked yesterday,
the fire and cinnamon
of the carnation,
3 But life has taught me that it knows better plans
than we can imagine, so that I try to submerg~
my own desires, apt to be too insistent, into "
calm willingness to accept what comes. and "'
make the most of it, then wait again. I haw
discovered that there is a Pattern, larger anJ
more beautiful than our short vision can
weave. . . . Epilogue, By a Thousand Fir<'.'
196;
the bread I baked
with anise seed and honey,
and the goldfish
flaming in its bowl.
All these are yours, baby born of woman,
if you'll only go to sleep.
"If You'll Only Go To Sleep," Sts.
1-3, Tenura (Tenderness)
1924
1403. Madeline Talmage Astor (ft. 18901945)
7 Of the enemies of the soul-
the world, the devil, the fleshthe world is the most serious and most
dangerous.
"Todas lbamos a Ser Reinas"
(We Were All to-Be Queens),
Tala (Felling)
1938
8 I have all that I lost
and I go carrying my childhood
like a favorite flower
that perfumes my hand.
(Being helped over the rail of the Titanic*] "I
rang for ice, but this is ridiculous'"
Attr.
15 April JY/:
*British luxury passenger liner that sank during its mai~kr~
voyage after it struck an iceberg near Newfoundland: \.'! ·
Jives were lost.
Ibid.
9 And I wished I were born with them.
1404. Mary E. Buell (ft. 1890s)
Could it not be so another time?
To leap from a clump of banana plants
one morning of wondersa dog, a coyote, a deer;
to gaze with wide pupils, to run, to stop,
to run, to fall,
to whimper and whine and jump with joy,
riddled with sun and with barking,
a hallowed child of God, his secret, divine
servant.
"Ocho Perritos" (Eight Puppies), op. cit.
(294)
Something made of nothing. tasting very
sweet,
A most delicious compound, with ingredients
complete;
But if, as on occasion, the heart and mind arc
sour,
It has no great significance, and loses half it' ..
"The KtS'
wer.
n.d.
po
1405. Harriet L. Childe-Pemberton (ft
1890s)
As I allays say to my brother.
If it isn't one thing it's the tother.
"Geese: A Dialogue," Dead
and Other Narrative and IJrnrn.n""
Pieces
2 0 beautiful earth! alive. aglow,
With your million things that grow,
I would lay my head on your ample
knee.
"Songs of Earth." I. St. 1, Nenupha
191
3 For passion has come to the verge and leaps
Headlong to the blind abyss,
Yet gathers thereby the strength of deeps,
And eddies a moment and swirls and sweeps
Till peril is one with bliss'
"Songs of Water." IV. St. 4. op. cit
1406. Anita Owen (ft. 1890s)
And in these eyes the Jove-light lies
And lies-and lies and lies'
"Dreamy Eyes"
c./8\
2 . . . Daisies won't tell.
"Sweet Bunch of Daisies"
/8\
1407. Hattie Starr (ft. 1890s)
Nobody loves me. well do I know.
Don't all the cold world tell me sory
"Nobody Loves Me"
18
2 Somebody loves me; How do I know''
Somebody's eyes have told me so'
"Somebody Loves Me"
/8
1408. Daisy Ashford (1890'L 1972)
I am parshial [sic] to ladies if they are nice
." suppose it is my nature. I am not quite a genl
man but you would hardly notice it.
/\
Ch. I. The Young Visitors.*
•wnne n when the author was mne
. years old.
2 My life will be sour grapes and ashes with
you.
Ibid .. 0
~j~"'~409. Hallie Flanagan (1890-1969)
"·:1 We were a viOlent
.
Jot,* a thorn in the b·
reaucratic · Possibly that is one function ol
�GABRIELA MISTRAL
7 "Do you know that the tendrils of graft and
-~·
!396. Enid Bagnold (1889-1981)
corruption have become mighty interlacing roots
so that even men who would like to be honest
are tripped and trapped by them?"
Ibid., Ch. II
"She keeps 'er brains in 'er 'ean. An' that's
where they ought ter be. An' a man or woman
who does that's one in a million an' as got my
hacking."
National Velvet
/935
8 "Dogs' lives are too shon. Their only fault,
really."
Ch. 2. The Flowering
1972
"Things come suitable to the time. Childbinh.
.·\n· bein' in love. An' death. You can't know
·em till you come to them. No use guessing an'
dreading."
Ibid.
9 Girls' Girls' Girls!
With platted hair an' mebbe curls
Singin · in a chorus'
Lord have mercy o'er us.
Ibid .. Ch. 4
"There's men.
. as can see things in people.
There's men . . . as can choose a horse, an'
that horse'll win. It's not the look of the horse.
no. nor of the child. nor of the woman. it's the
thing n·e can see. . . .
Ibid.
1394. Mary Day Wino ( !888-1965)
Sex is the tabasco sauce which an adolescent
national palate sprinkles on every course in the
Adam's Rib
1931
menu.
.1
\!AlTLAND. Madame loves the unusual! It's a
middle-class failing-she says--to run away from
the unusual.
1953
Act I. The Chalk Garden
1395. Anna Akhmatova ( 1889-1966)
I•
There is a sacred. secret line in loving which
attraction and even passion cannot cross,Untitled. St. 4 (1915). White
Flock. Jane Kenyon, tr.
3 How quiet it is after the volley!
Death sends patrols into every counyard.
Untitled (1917), Plantain.
Jane Kenyon, tr.
1921
4
0 great language we love:
It is you. Russian tongue, we must save, and
we swear
We will give you unstained to the sons of our
"Courage"
/942
sons.
5 It is not with the lyre of someone in love
that I go seducing people.
The rattle of the leper
is what sings in my hands.
Untitled. ir, toto, Twenty
Poems of Anna Akhmatova, Jane
1985
Kenyon. tr.
6 And the sun goes down in waves of ether in
such a way that I can't tell
if the day is ending. or the world.
or if the secret of secrets is within me again.
"On the Road," st. 3 (1964),
op. cit.
\IRS. ST. MAUGHAM. You can't fit false teeth to
a woman of character. As one gets older and
,,Jder. the appearance becomes such a bore.
Ibid.
\IRS. ST. MAUGHAM. Privilege and power make
,elfish people-but gay ones.
Ibid.
1917
2 I remember how the gods turned people into
things. not killing their consciousness.
And now. to keep these glorious sorrows
alive.
you have turned into my memory of you.
Untitled, st. 3 (1916),
op. cit.
"Love don't seem dainty on a fat woman."
Ibid.
\!AlTLAND. Praise is the only thing that brings
to life again a man that's been destroyed.
Ibid.
'I
Ill
oU\'IA. The thoughts of a daughter are a kind
of memorial.
Ibid., Act. III
Oh-a girl's looks are agony!
Act I. Sc. I, The Chinese Prime Minister
/964
-\LICE.
II SIR GREGORY. Marriage. The beginning and the
end are wonderful. But the middle pan is
hell.
Ibid., Act II
Ic HENT. So few people achieve the final end. Most
are caught napping.
Ibid., Act III
I'
We were so different that when two rooms
separated us for half an hour-we met again as
strangers.
Ibid.
2 He was capitalized, consolidated, incorporated,
copyrighted, limited. protected, insured, and all
rights reserved, including the Scandinavian.
Ibid.
1398. Fannie Hurst ( 1889-1968)
It's hard for a young girl to have patience for
old age sitting and chewing all day over the
"Get Ready the Wreaths,"
past.
Cosmopolitan
1917
2 "I always say he wore himself out with
conscientiousness."
"She Walks in Beauty,"
Cosmopolitan
1921
3 To housekeep, one had to plan ahead and carry
items of motley nature around in the mind and
at the same time preside, as mother had, at
table, just as if everything, from the liver and
bacon, to the succotash, to the French toast and
strawberry jam, had not been matters of forethought and speculation.
Ch. 2, Imitation of Life
1932
4 Papa lived so separately within himself that I
retreated to Mama, who wore herself on the
outside. Everything about her hung in view like
peasant adobe houses with green peppers and
little shrines, drying diapers and cooking utensils on the fa<;ade.
Bk. I, Anatomy of Me
1958
1399. Elsie Janis (1889-1956)
When I think of the hundreds of things I might
be,
I get down on my knees and thank God that
I'm me.
"Compensation," Poems Now and
Then
c. /927
2 Why do we do it?
Oh, Hell! What's the use?
Why battle with the universe?
Why not declare a truce?
"Why?,"
op. cit.
SHE.
I.J SHE. And if I die in ten years--or ten minutesyou can't measure Time! In ten minutes every·
thing can be felt! In four minutes you can be
born' Or live. In two minutes God may be
understood' And what one woman grasps-all
rnen may get nearer to.
Ibid.
1401
1400. Dorothy McCall (1889-?)
One cannot have wisdom without living life.
Quoted in the Los Angeles Times
14 March 1974
2 Technology dominates us all, diminishing our
freedom.
Ibid.
1397. Mildred Cram (1889-?)
1401. Gabriela Mistral (1889-1957)
Publicity tripped upon the heels of publicity.
"Billy," Harper's Bazaar
1924
Let me be more maternal than a mother; able to
love and defend with all of a mother's fervor
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-.
1.
Morbidity
Children in the u.s. today face different health challeuyel:i
from thoseJf as recently ae 30 yearo ago. While intectious
disease us to cause most morbidity and moTt~lity, t.oday'~
children are much more at risk for developmental problems,
unintentional injury {the number one cause of death after
age 1), violence, abuse or neglect, educational failure, and
immoderate risk-~aking including substance abuse. These
"new morbiditiesn have required us to transform the content
of preventive health services for children. While not
abandoning the monitoring of physical health and
development, child health providers now must focus much more
intently on emotional, family and community issues. A new
vision of child health suPervision. Briah~ FUtures:
Guidelines for Health Supervision for :Infants, Children, and
Adoleaeenta. to be used by child health providers, has just
been completed. It forms the cornerstone of a paranigm
shift in child health care toward a view which emphasizes
enhancing the competence of children and families in context
through an integration of health. mental health and other
human se:L-vices. This change in approach will allow Lh~
heath care system to better addreaa the complex sociwl
issues which now contront our children ~nd £QmilinR.
:InfaDt Mortality
In 1992, the provisional O.S. infant mortality ~aLe w~~
8.5 deaths per 1,000 live births, the incidence of low
.birthweight remained at 7.1 percent (the highest level
reported since 1978) . Additionally, 22 pc::.t·~.:c::uL or women did
not receive prenatal care in the first trimester of
I:JL't:::ym:mt:.:y.
Com;u.rn~ntly, 114ignifir.ant. changes in delivery of
perinatal services are occurring in response to diminishing
resources and desire for coat containment, such ae the shift
~oward managed care.
Halancing the need for judiciou~ u~e
of resources with the continuing rates ot adverse perinatal
outcomes, the Department is funding an initiative called
11
Healthy Start" aim@d at helping communities develop or
maintain a quality perinatal delivery system. This
initiative encompassee strategies to strengthen ga.pa .i.u Lht:
system, increase provider participation for inadequately
served women. and ensure that necessary services to enablP.
women to enter and remain in care are routine componenL~::~ or
the service delivAry package, especially in managed care
t:ulv .l.t·u.umenLI::J.
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Pre-and PoatDatal
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Ca~e
The Maternal ann Child Health Hureau (MCHB) has had a long
standi:uy prlority of promoting the health and safety of
infants ~nd young children in child care ~ettings.
In 1~87 MCHB awarded a grant to the American Academy of
Pediatrica (hhP) and the American Public Health Association
(APR~) fnT thA development of National Health and Safety
Performance Standards; Guidelines for Out-q£-IIorne Child
Care Programs. This document is a resource that can be used
hy ~t.Mt.P. poI icy makers, state licensing and regulatory
agencies, state MCH programs, child care health coneultants,
providcra, advocate~ and parents to promote and protect the
hP.;::a 1 th nf yn1mg t'!hi ·1 drP.n in child care.
To enhance the usc of the atandardo MCHB oupported five
impl.;.m•nt.at.ion grants:~ in 1991, and 1992 to ag,aigt S:tatsg in
cheir development and strengtbtminq of Llu:l.t· Sta.Le h.ea.l Lh
and safety standards for child care settings.
The MCHB has also established the National Resource Center
for IIealth and Safety in Child Care. The Center maintains a
,..f'l!gi At.ry
~f ~ni
1n
~I!I,..P. ne~l
t'.n
~()nf:'Ul
t#.int.a .;md :r.ef..lource
organi~ations,
provides technical assistance in upgrading
existing child care standards, develops resource material
~nn
!'l'"()vi d~a ~ fC)rm f'or sh=!t:ri.ng experiences and knowledge.
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CBl:LDmDl'' S DALTB ISSUZS
3.
R:rV'/AmS in Infanta/Cbildrezl, Adolesae:a~e &Dei Wamcm
Infants/Children
Epidemiology:
Through June l~Y4., 5,734 children have been reported to the
Centers for Disease control and Prevention (r.nCl with AIDS.
Racial and ethnic minority children c:U't= ul~proportionately
~ffAr.ted with the majority casas among African American
(56 percent) and Hispanic (24 percent) . ot those children
3,100 (54 percent} have died. HIV/AIDS was the sevench
leading cause of death among children aged l to 4 years
nationwide; the second leading c~use of death among African
American children .i.u Florida, Massachuseccs. New Jersey and
New York; and the second leading cause of death in Hispanic
children in New York.
Trends:
HIV infects 1,300-2000 newborns born A~ch year in the u.s.
Tha number of cases among children is increasing with 39
percent of the total cases reported since 1993. Perinatal
LL'ausmltu;;J em accounts for 89 percent of the cumulative AIDS
caeee and 93 percent of the caaea reported in 19~3. Of the
27 states that report HIV infection, 949 children are
infected, but have not. developed AiU~.
Update on Activities:
NIH·ACTG 076 :;thowed that Zidovudine therapy for HIV-lu.f:l:lt;ted
pregnant women significantly reduces the risk of HIV
perinatal transmission :by two thirds. This research [.iuding
pointe to the reduction of HIV-infected childz:t=.u, however
the long term effects are unknown for the mother and the
infant who receive Lld.a~ ttlerapy. PHS agenctes are act:ively
integrating these findings in the identification and
provision of servicee for pregnant women.
Ryan White Title IY, d.dmiuistered by the Health Kesources
and Services AdminiQtration, has been funded to prov.i.de
pr1mary care ot HIV-intActed children, youth, women and
families.
CDC llas recentlY revisea tne classification system for HIV
infection in children less th~l l3 years old. This revision
was ba~ed on additional knowledge ~bout the progression o!
HIV aisease d.mong ch1laren.
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B!V/AIDS in In~ane11/Ch:i.lclzoen, Aciolescents &Ad. Women
(Coz:L~"c1):
Arlnlescen~s/Youth
Epidemiology:
The CDC reported that l, '/&8 adolesC'!P.nt.s between the agas of
13 to 19 have been diagnosed wlth AIDS as of June, l994. It
is the sixth leading cause of death for adolescent~ and
young adults aged 1~ to 24. ThP. 1993 statistics indicated
that thia disease killed mvn: younq people than any other
infectious disease.
,
Trends:
~very year, 3 millinn adolescents, which
are infect~::J wlLl1 a sexually transmitted
is one out of six,
disP.asf!! other than
HIV/AIDS. A greater percentage of adolescents than adults
with AIDS are temale (29 percent vs l l percent), are African
Amet·ican aud Latino (58 percenr. and 46 percent.) and. were
infected through heterosexual contact (lG percent vs
6
pP.rcent) .
·
Update on Activities:
The CDC Youeh Prevention Marketing campaign targets youth
with media prevention message. The goal is to prevenL Lh~
sextlal transmission of HIV and othar sexually transmitted
diseases amonq young people 2~ years of age and younger.
The HHS Coordinating Group on HIV/AIDS, HIV Prevention
working Group, has developed drafted a document Lo ~st.ahlil'lh
priorities for investment in HIV/AIDS prevenLluu a.nd
develop a comprehensive plan for HIV/AIDS prevention
act:iv1Lles.
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CAi~dhood Immunizat~on
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rnitiative
Childhood immunization was one of the earliest priorlLl~s of
~he Clinton AdministraLiun.
Tn response to dis~urbing gaps
in the immunization .L"Q.Le~ for young children in America, thP.
Administration deoigncd a comprehensive Childhood
lmmu.nl~g.Lion Initiative.
'T'M.s national initiative address
five areas:
l)
Improving immunization service for needy families,
especlally in public heal~h clinics
:.:! )
ReQucing vacci.pP. costs for lower- income and
wllnt:~u..L·~d families, especially tor vaccines
provided in private physician offices (Vaccin~~
tor Children Program-VFC*)
3)
Building community netWOrkS to reach ou.L to
tRmilies and ensure that young children are
vaccinaced as needed
4)
Improving systems for monitoring diseaoeo and
vaccinations
5)
Improving vascines and vaccine use
Although 96 percent of children are adequatel¥ vacclua.Lf:!d by
kindergarten, almcst one third of American ch1ldren under age two
are inadequately protected against childhood diseases.
*Vaccines for Children Program
(V.to'C):
On October l, 1994, the Department of Health and Human
Services implemented the VFC program, which will provide
free vaccine to children at. p;;,."·l....l.c.l.pu.ting privace and. public
health-care provider sites of their choice. Children who
are eligible tor free vaccines ine!IUde those on Medicaid,
thooc wi tho,.t ineur.:mcc:, t~nd American Indians/Alaak.iill
NativeQ. In addition, children whose insurance does not
cover vaccination (i.e., whn are underinsured) can receive
vo.ecince tlu:ou9b Lhc: VFC e2l. !~ut::L'i;illy quali!1e<1 healCh
centers and rural health clinics. Other children can
receive free vaccines at pub :I i C'! cl i.nic under existing
prog~a.me.
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Speaific Diseases:
Measures to improve and maintain child heaith are high
pr.iori~ies for ehe Cencers for Disease Control and
Preven~ion (CDC).
Through epidemiologi~ Mnd laboratory
research CDC works to achieve th.l.~ p.t:iori ty by developing
and evalua~ing diagnostic tests and vaccines, and by
designing preventive healch measures.
u;arrheal Diseases
Diarrheal diseases cause the deaths or 400 children in the
United States yearly. These deaths represent 10% of the
preventable deaths in children and arf! tour times more
common among blacks than whiL~~.
Giardiasis and cryptosporidio~is are two of the mo~t common
causes of outbrea~~ u! diarrheal illness in children ;n day
care facilities. An estimated 12 million children attend
day care facilities in ~he United States each day. During
outbl·ea~z:f uJ: Lh~~e illnesses from 20%-40% of t:he children
may become infected.
RoL.svlL·ul=J a.hm c~auF~es
serious diarrhea in children in the
United States. There arc an estimated 3.5 million episodes
of rotavirus intP.~~inn~ and 70-100,000 hospitalizations
annually.
R. ~nt; Ol57:H7 is an emerging cause of foodborne illneoc.
estimaced 30,000 caocs of infection occur each year in
the United States. The infection leads to bloody diarrhea
and is easily spread from person to person. The infection
c~n lead ~o hemolycic uremic syndrome lHUS), a. ljf~
threatcning kidney failure. HiJS is the leadiu9 cause of
acute kidney failure in children.
An
Pneumococcal Disease
Pneumococcus .l.~:J ~he bac~erium t:nat most: n'ft.en causes middle
eilr infections (otitis media) among dlildren.
Middle ear
infection i~ one of the moot common childhood illnesses ~ld
can lead co permanenc nearing lo~s and learning
disabilities. In 1990, t!ar infeccions resulted in 24 millon
doctor vi~its. Almost all children have at least ou~ ear
.l.u.C~cL.ion eac:n year.
'.1'ne J:Jacteria rP.sponsible for most ear
infections are becoming resist~lL Lo commonly prescribed
drugs; approximately l million ear infections are now caused
gy dl.-ug-:resis\.ant. bacceria.
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CJIILDJtBN'' S HDL'l'B ISSUBS
5.
specific
~iaeases
Bact~~i~l
(Cont'4):
Meningitis
Bacterial meningitia io Q life-threatening infection of the
central nervous system. 1-fP.mnphi ius intluenzae type b Uiib)
is one CQU~~ u£ bacterial meningitis which has had a
substQntiQl death rate in children. There are approximately
11.000-12.000 C3~~R pP.T year caused by this bacteria; JU% of
l.ht: c,;ld.ldt·en who survive have permanent neurologic damage.
Hib v~ccineo that are effective against meningitis in
inf.::~ntj; h.::~vP.
hP.P.n
nAvP.ln~P.t't
;ann hi!!Ve Rharply T"AdncAd the
incidence of Hib d.i.~~Q~e .i.n l.he United States in the past
few years. Development of the Hib vQccincs mQY ultimQtcly
,.-o~:~nH·
in t'ho o,..;uii~af"inn nf Rih tHs:u=>aAP in yrmng ~hilti1"PT'I
Respiratory Syn£rtial Virus
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease infeccs nearly all
children by the time they are 2 years of age.
;~ th~ "ingl~
This disease
moot. important o3uoc of lower respiratory
illness in infants and children and can lead to the
development of pneumonia and bronchiolitis.
RSV causes
4,500 deat:ha annually in the United States and about 90,000
hospicalizations.
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CBILDRBH' S BBALTH ISStnBS
6.
Youth Isauea
current studies indicate that adolescents are at greater
health risks today from their behaviors than from disease.
Furthermore, adolescents engage in risky behaviors at
increasingly earlier ages. Alcohol, tobacco, and other drug
use as well as HIV infection and other sexually transmitted
diseases are a few of the major health problems that
continue to be major threats to the health of adolescents.
STATISTICS {CDC Tables attached) :
•
The death rate for adolescents and young adults was
100.1 per 100,000 in 1991. This rate, which declined
from ~980 to 198'3 has i.nc'l"'e~~en ovP-r t:he past: several
years; the rate now is above the 1990 prevention goal.
•
The three leading causes of death for 15 to 24-year-
olds are unintentional injuries, suicide, and homicide.
For 15 to 24-year-old black males, the 1991 homicide
rate wao 90.0 per. ~00,000, nearly double that of the
previous decade. Rates among young black men exceed
rates for young white men by as much as eight times.
•
The proportion of 20 to 24-year-olds who are regular
cigarette smokers has declined from 30 percent in 1987
to 24 percent in ~991. Subst&lce abuse by yuw1~ y~upl~
also has declined between 1988 and 1992. Among 12 to
17-year-olds reporting on substance use, alcohol,
mC;L~·.ij I.Li;L.r:&i;L, C;LUd cocaine use declining from 2S. 2 t:o l.S. 7
percent. Alcohol use among 18 to 20-year-olds declined
from 57.9 percent to 50.3 percent in 1993.
Substance AbUSe
The rate of drug abuse in children is alarming. The
National Household Survey {NIDA) estimates that up to seven
million children abuse alcohol and drugs to some extent.
The timing of interventions into abuse of substances has
been shown to be critical to success. The importance of
intervening during sensitive periods, before precursor
problem behaviors have become rigidly set, is highlighted in
many studies. Duration of interventions is also critical.
Interventions need a developmental perspective, with a
comprehensive series of age-specific interventions and time
to enhance and sustain health adaptation and skills.
�..
·~·-
...........
~
'•'
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.. " .. _,.,,
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CJULDdlf' S mu.Ia'l'B ISS'C'BS
6•
"tou~h
:tssu••
Subst~~~~
Abuse
tCqnt'd)~
Generalizing the effects of interventions is dependent on
such factors as involvP.ment of natural helpers such as
parencs, teaclle.L·tt, and peers; the site of intervention; ;:md
making interventions relevant to tha participant's natural
environment, such i!A school and 'Playground.
Tho Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services
:anmini~t-.-r;at-.inn CSAMHSAl is planning to work with the
Ma.Le.L·nal and Child Health Bureau in URSA and the Dcpta.rtment
of Education, to assist schoola incorporate ~omprehensive
rrP~tmF~~nt. ;appTna~hes to school healch programs. SAMHSA is
also developing instruments to provide reliable assessment
of substance Qbuoe treatment needs of youth.
Since l987, the SAMHSA bas awarded 361 demonstration grants
to community-baaed orgt~.niz~tions to develop innovative
GtrQt.eg:i t"!t.t t'.n prevent alcohol and drUg uae in their
community' a:s l1lyh t·lsk youth population. The prevention
programs cmphta.oize protective factors and reduce risk
fA~r.nrA rcl~tcd to drug and a~cohol abuse and associated
problemti. S.l.nce 1990, SAMHSA bas also funded 269 Community
Partnership progr~mo to enable communities to identify,
d~~ign and implement solutions to specific t~.lcohol Qnd other
drug abuse pl:ol.Jlem~ and c:oncomi tant behaviors.
Teen Pregnancy
In the U.S., one million adolescent girls nearly 12
percent: --become pregnant. each ye~r. Mont t:hiin so pP-rc:Mnt of
~hese pregnancies are unintended, approximately one-third
end in abortion and one-half in a live birth. Most
adolescen~ childbearing occurs out.side of marriage and ~his
has increased markedly during the past two decades. In
1992, 70 percent of births to adolescents were out-ofwedlock compared to slightly less than 30 per~ent in 1970.
Evaluations of adolescent pregnancy prevention programs
indicate that a combination of interventions works best.
Programs that include abstinence education, sexuality
education, social skills training and practice in applying
Flkills, as well as information about eontra~eptives have
demonstrated positive effects in both delaying sexual
initiation ta.nd increasing the use of contraceptives among
the sexually active.
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CHILDRD' S B:BALTil ISSWS
6.
Youth I•auaa
Teen Pregnancv Cpnt'd);
Federal responses to adolescent pregnancy include:
Adolescent FamilY Life Pr.~.t·CLm supports
demonstr.·i:lL.i.on projects designed to prevent o.dolescent
pregnQnQy throu~h abgti~ance-based education programs and
provide medical and social services fu.t: p.regna.nt and
pareuLl119 adolescents.
The 1'1 r. 1P. XX
Title X .to'amily Planning Program provides se.cvices to
low-im.:ume persons; one-third of its clients o.rc
ThA
~dolccccnta.
New priority initiativos for tho prngr~m
includP. more emphasis on services to prevent adolescenL
pregnancy i:lnd .i.nc.rea.sed outreach to adolescents.
Medi.caid i.A a Federal/State program that reimburses health
care providers !o.t: tuedl.ca.l services to low- income persons,
.l.u~lu.ll.l.ng adoleeoente.
Meclioaid expands more than $200M
~upport tamily planning services.
annually to
Community Health Cente:z::tf 1 M.l.~""ciUI.I. Hea.lth C.snters, the
Maternal and Chi In Health Block Grant and the social
services Block Grant also pi:ov ide !CLm.i.l y, pla4Uling services.
yiolenge
STATISTICS;
Young people are disproportinately represented among ehe
victims and perpetrators of violence. The average age of
both violent offenders and victims has been growing younger
and younger in recent years. Komicide is the second leading
cause of death among 15 to 24-year-olds in the U.S. and the
leading causa of death for young African-American males and
females. Between l~H~ and 1~~2. ehe number of Violent crime
Index arreste of juveniles increased by 47 percent -- more
than twice the increase for persons 18 years in age and
over. Most alarming. juvenile arreAtR tor ~1rnP.r in~rP~APn
by 51 percent, compared to nine percent for ad~ll~. nle
eotimated 129,600 Violent Crime Index arrests of juveniles
in 1992 was the higheAt tn hiRt":ory. wir.n 1.~nn ~rrPArA fnr
murder, 6,300 for forcible rape, 45,700 for robbery, and
74,400 for aggravated assault.
�---
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CEILI»RBl'f' S BBAL'l"B ISBlmS
fi .
Youeh 1aauea
Violence (Con~ '.dl...i.
The Public Health Service focuses on primary prevention and
nwhat work&' to prevent ynuth violence before it begins.
Based on a $42M :re~:~t=a.L·ch base on violence and traumatic
stress in NIH's National Institute on Mental Health, the
nther agen~ies of the PHS formulate and implement
demonscratioms, t=valuating "what work8". Our research ht~a
documented that home vioitation programs, having nurQeS
viQit familieg at ris~ fnT vinlP.n~P. in the home. work to
prevent violence, as do early <.:h.lldhood education programs
like Headstart. It has alec shown th3t problem-solving and
Dkillg-building/job
trainin~ r~ng~~mg,
wi~h niTAr.~
application to young people's live», ;;u.·t= effective.
I?RS' c cpeoi£ic effort.s i.nt!l uda the epidemiological and
violence prevencion efforts of CDC, Lht= v.lolence research
conducted by the National Institutes of Hct~lth, the high-
risk youth nnd subotanC!e abuse-TA1at:.An v;nlenoe prevention
activities of SAMHSA, HRSA's violence prevention work wiLl1
community health centers and providers, Indian Health
Service family and youth violence prevention services, and
the Office of MinoritY Health's recent. funding of 16
Historical Black Colleges and Universities to establish
family life
cent~:t·a.
PHS alwu co-:.ponlilo.red w.i.t.h !.he
Administration for Children and :·amilies CAC:') and six ocher
Federal Departments and the Office of National Drug Policy
Control, an Augusc ~994, conference on youch violence, and
on the Pulling America's communities Together effort now
unde.t:wi:iy .l.u D.C. , ALlant.a, Denve.t·, and Lhe SLa.Lt= v.C
Nebraska. The PHS is also working with ACF and the
Department of Education on the implementation ot the $26M
Cvuunw1lly St.:hool:i:l poL·Llon <:J.C Lht: FY 1995 C.t·ime Bill funding.
�-----------------
THE SUMMIT OF THE AMERICAS
SECURING A PROSPEROUS FUTURE
FOR OUR CHILDREN AND THROUGH OUR CHILDREN
INTRODUCTION
•
The Hemisphere's leaders and their spouses are coming together
not only as the heads of their governments and people, but
also as parents and members of families who recognize that one
driving force behind the Summit is to ensure children's wellbeing now and in the future.
•
This memo identifies the many ways in which the proposed
Summit initiatives affect children.
•
The implementation of the Summit initiatives will bring about
a better standard of living for the children of the
hemisphere, through increased trade and jobs, improved access
to health and education, and the protection of their rights.
•
Future generations will be called upon to continue the work
initiated at the Miami Summit--we must prepare today's
children to be the leaders of tomorrow's integrated and
democratic Western Hemisphere.
The Summit Initiatives:
A.
Impact on Children
Hemispheric Free Trade/Capital Markets Liberalization
* Creates more jobs, allowing families to enjoy a
higher standard of living.
* Lessens need to depend on children to help augment
the family's income, thus reducing child labor.
*
Provides more commodity variety at more competitive
prices, helping to decrease malnutrition in children.
B.
Hemispheric Infrastructure Protocol
�2
*
Increases access of all sectors of society to better
transportation, electricity, and clean water.
C.
The Information Infrastructure of the Americas
* Increases communication throughout the hemisphere,
which will foster greater understanding, cooperation,
and integration.
D.
Enhancement of the Capacity of the OAS to Strengthen
Democracy
* Helps prevent political violence, which has a
profound effect on the well-being of our children.
E.
Strengthening Civil Society
* Encourages the growth of civic-minded nongovernmental organizations, which will benefit children
directly, at the grass roots level.
*
Helps ensure that groups such as disabled,
indigenous, and female children receive fair and
equitable treatment.
F.
No To Corruption
* Teaches our children that corruption is unacceptable
by treating corrupt public servants and businesspersons
as criminals.
G.
Counternarcotics Initiatives
*
Narcotics consumption, production, and trafficking
threaten all children directly.
* In order to safeguard children's health and their
futures, we must educate our children on the dangers of
drug abuse.
* We must continue our efforts to protect children from
this threat and prevent them from becoming involved in
those criminal activities.
H.
Universal Access to Quality Primary Education
*
All children, regardless of economic or social
situation, will receive the basic tools necessary to
become full, participatory members of society,
especially women, minorities, and indigenous groups.
�3
* Requiring children to attend primary school will help
eradicate child labor.
* Ensures that all children have the foundation
necessary to compete in a modern economy and/or to go on
to higher levels of education; secondary school will
train students for more complex jobs, allowing them to
be more competitive in the modern world economy.
I.
Equitable Access to Basic Health Service
* Reducing child, infant, and maternal mortality rates
will clearly benefit children, who are particularly
vulnerable to illness and unhealthy living conditions.
* The success of immunization programs in eradicating
the childhood diseases polio and the german measles
demonstrate the importance of universal access to such
prevention programs.
* A healthy child is more likely to grow up to be a
healthy adult, requiring fewer health services over the
course of his or her life.
J.
Nurturing Microenterprises
* Helps families obtain the means to support themselves
for the long term.
K.
Sustainable Energy Development and Use
* Developing cleaner sources of energy will improve the
health of our children.
* We need to ensure that our children are left with
options for renewable sources of ~nergy.
L.
Partnership for Biodiversity/Western Hemisphere
Environmental Partnership
* Ensures that we do not destroy the living resources
or environment of our planet for the sake of future
generations.
�--
------~---
------------------10. UNIVERSAL ACCESS
---- -----------------QUALifi
PRIMARY EDUCATION
....
....
;j ~~P~~~~~:~~~~~:~-~~:~~-NOT BEEN
.J-
I-cl ./
-0\. .11
1
~~ ~ \~
i'
-~
TO
PARTICULARLY WOMEN, MINORITIES AND INDIGENOUS GROUPS.
NEARLY ONE-HALF OF THE HEMISPHERE'S POPULATION LIVES IN
IGNORAN.CE AND POVERTY.
INVESTING IN EDUCATION HELPS
ENSURE THAT ALL MEMBERS OF SOCIETY HAVE THE CAPACITY TO
CONTRIBUTE TO ECONOMIC PROGRESS, THEREBY DEEPENING THE
ROOTS OF DEMOCRACY, PROMOTING POLITICAL STABILITY AND
FURTHERING ECONOMIC GROWTH •
f~~~.
.. ~~
\·./ )-' ~ATIONAL ACTIONS
\~/!/«j ~~~~~;~-GO~~NMENTS
WILL:
I " PRIVATE
-- DESIGNATE
A REPRESENTATIVE AGENCY TO WORK WITH ITS
SECTOR AND NGOS TO REVIEW CURRENT STRATEGY AND
'~
PROGRAMS AND TO ASSESS CHANGES NEEDED TO ATTAIN BY THE
YEAR 2010 A PRIMARY COMPLETION RATE OF 100 PER CENT AND A
SECONDARY ENROLLMENT RATE OF AT LEAST 75 PER CENT.
INTERNATIONAL ACTIONS
---------------------
WORKING TOGETHER, GOVERNMENTS WILL:
-- CREATE A HEMISPHERIC PARTNERSHIP, WITH A SECRETARIAT,
TO PROVIDE A CONSULTATIVE FORUM FOR GOVERNMENTS, NGOS, THE
BUSINESS COMMUNITY, DONORS, AND INTERNATIONAL
ORGANIZATIONS TO REFORM POLICIES AND FOCUS RESOURCES MORE
EFFECTIVELY.
.
-----------------------------------------------------11. ENSURING EQUITABLE ACCESS TO BASIC HEALTH SERVICES
DESPITE IMPRESSIVE GAINS IN THE HEMISPHERE, CHILD AND
PARTICULARLY AMONG
THE RURAL POOR AND INDIGENOUS GROUPS.
MATERNAL MORTALITY REMAIN EXCESSIVE,
NATIONAL ACTIONS
INDIVIDUAL GOVERNMENTS WILL:
-- DESIGNATE NATIONAL HEALTH REFORM COMMISSIONS, INCLUDING
PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPANTS AND DONORS, TO
PROMOTE EFFORTS TO REDUCE (FROM 1990 LEVELS) CHILD
MORTALITY BY ONE-THIRD AND MATERNAL MORTALITY BY ONE-HALF
BY THE YEAR 2000, IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE 1990 WORLD SUMMIT
FOR CHILDREN, THE 1994 NARINO ACCORD, AND THE 1994
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT.
[
-- ENDORSE A BASIC PACKAGE OF CLINICAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH
SERVICES CONSISTENT WITH WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION AND
�....
....
:.:··
WORLD BANK RECOMMENDATIONS. THE PACKAGE WILL ADDRESS
CHILD AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH INTERVENTIONS# "INCLUDING
·~ ~
IlRENATAL I DELIVERY AND POSTNATAL CARE I FAMILY PLANNING
~)~~. [ INFORMATION AND SERVICES AND Hrv/AIDS PREVENTION.
/;
~-
-- DEWELOP COUNTRY ACTION PLANS FOR REFORMS TO ACHIEVE
HEALTH GOALS AND ENSURE UNIVERSAL, EQUITABLE ACCESS TO
SERVICES. REFORMS WOULD ENCOMPASS ESSENTIAL SERVICES FOR
THE POOR AND INDIGENOUS PEOPLES; STRONGER PUBLIC HEALTH
INFRASTRUCTURE; ALTERNATIVE MEANS OP' FINANCING, MANAGING
AND PROVIDING SERVICES; AND MAKING GREATER USE OF NGOS.
INTERNATIONAL ACTIONS
---------------------
WORKING TOGETHER, GOVERNMENTS WILL:
-- STRENGTHEN THE EXISTING WORLD BANK/PAN AMERICAN HEALTH
ORGANIZATION ECONOMIC AND FINANCING NETWORK AS AN
INTERNATIONAL FORUM FOR SHARING EXPERTISE, INFORMATION AND
EXPERIENCE ON HEALTH REFORM EFFORTS. THE NETWORK WILL
GATHER GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS, REPRESENTATIVES OF THE
PRrvATE SECTOR, NGOS, DONORS AND SCHOLARS TO SHARE
INFORMATION ON REFORM INITIATIVES CURRENTLY UNDERWAY.
-- CONVENE A SPECIAL MEETING WITHIN PAHO TO PLAN
STRENGTHENING OF THE REGIONAL NETWORK.
�-
---
~~
.. ..
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~
Cllr-'lr:tra.lilm
1
THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE IS RICH IN ITS DIVERSITY
AND CHILDREN ARE ITS GREATEST TREASURE.
••.
~
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BUT CHILDREN DO NOT GROW UP
WITH EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES.
TOO MANY ARE DISABLED OR DIE .
FROM DISEASES THAT ARE ENTIRELY PREVENTABLE
TOO MANY--IN BOTH SOUTH AND NORTH-GROW UP IN POVERTY.
lACK ADEQUATE NUTRITION,
GO TO SLEEP HUNGRY,
LIVE IN UNSANITARY ENVIRONMENTS,
AND RECENE INADEQUATE EDUCATION. ·
TOO MANY--IN BOTH SOUTH AND NORTH-DROP OUT OF SCHOOL,
ARE HOMELESS, LIVE ON THE STREET
AND BECOME VICTIMS OF VIOLENCE.
BUT THIS HEMISPHERE HAS AlSO MADE
A GREAT COMMITMENT TO ITS CHILDREN,
AND WE ARE ALREADY TAKING REMARKABLE ACTION
TO HONOR THIS COMMITMENT.
,~
THE REGION TOOK THE INITIATIVE IN 1990
TO CREATE THE WORLD SUMMIT FOR CHILDREN.
MEXICO AND CANADA
.
WERE TWO OF THE SUMMIT'S CONVENERS,
AND CANADA WAS ITS CO-CHAIR.
MORE HEADS OF STATE FROM THIS HEMISPHERE
TOOK PART IN THE SUMMIT
THAN FROM ANY OTHER REGION,
AND THEY TOOK THE INITIATIVE IN FOLLQWING UP
ON THE COMMITMENTS OF THAT SUMMIT~·
).----
_,.,
/
�- - - - - - - - - - - - - · -
2
NEARLY EVERY COUNTRY IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE
HAS ALREADY PREPARED A NATIONAL PROGRAM
OF ACTION FOR CHILDREN,
WHICH THE WORLD SUMMIT FOR CHILDREN CALLED FOR.
THIS IS THE ONLY REGION OF THE WORlD
-THAT HAS REGULAR EVALUATION
OF WHAT EACH COUNTRY IS NOW DOING
TO CARRY OUT ITS PROGRAM OF ACTION.
IN 1992, MEXICO CONVENED
THE FIRST EVALUATION MEETING.
COLOMBIA CONVENED THE SECOND
IN APRIL 1994.
THAT MEEI'ING PRODUCED THE NARINO ACCORD,
WHICH RENEWED THIS HEMISPHERE'S
COMMTfMENT TO CHILDREN,
AND ENDORSED ASET OF MID-DECADE GOALS
TO GUARANTEE VISIBLE RESULTS
BY THE END OF 1995.
ACHIEVING THESE GOALS WILL KEEP
THE HEMISPHERE IN THE VANGUARD.
,....
ONE GOAL HAS ALREADY BEEN ACHIEVED.
, :: AS WAS ANNOUNCED AT THE HEADQUARTERS
OF THE PAN MffiRICAN HEALTH ORGANIZATION
ON SEPTEMBER 29, 1994,
POLIO HAS NOW BEEN ELIMINATED
~t
FROM THIS HEMISPHERE.
MOST COUNTRIES HAVE REACHED
AND ARE NOW SUSTAINING
I1v1MUNIZATION RATES
OF EIGHTY PER CENT OR MORE.
-:;..
�~:
3
AND THE NUMBER OF REPORTED CASES
OF MEASLES HAS DECUNED DRAMATICALLY.
ELIMINATING MEASLES FROM OUR HEMISPHERE
IS NOW A REAL POSSIBILITY.
THE NUMBER OF CASES
OF NEONATAL TETANUS
HAS ALSO DROPPED REMARKABLY-THOUGH FURTHER PROGRESS IS NEEDED.
'
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;.
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THE ANDEAN REGION IS AlSO CLOSE
TO THE GOAL OFIODIZING
ALL SALT CONSUMED BY HUMANS-THUS EUMINATING THE GREATEST CAUSE
OF MENTAL RETARDATION
IN OUR MIDST.
DEATHS FROM DIARIUIEA
HAVE PLUMMETED,
AND HOSPITAlS ALLOVER THE HEMISPHERE
ARE BEING DEClARED 'BABY·FRIENDLY!
NEARLY ALL: COliNTRIES HAVE ·RATIFIED
THE CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD~
AND ARE NOW IMPLEMENTING IT.
IN THESE AND MANY OTHER WAYS.
THE AMERICAS ARE SETTING AN EXAMPLE
FOR THE ENTIRE WORLD.
ONE EXAMPLE IS THE CONCEPT
OF 'DAyS OF TRANQUILLITY,'
WHICH PERMIT CHILDREN TO BE IMMUNIZED
EVEN IN THE MIDST OF WAR.
THIS WAS FIRST DEVELOPED
IN EL SALVADOR IN 1984.
.... -
. :;: -=··-·· ...
:... ·
...
�4
ANOTHER EXAMPLE IS THE CONCEPT
OF SOCIAL MOBILIZATION-GALVANlZING ALL SECTORS OF SOCIETY
AROUND CHILDREN'S IMMUNIZATIONINCLUDING THE CHURCH,
THE MILI'J;'ARY,
THEPRfVATESECTOR
AND NQN..GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS.
THIS WAS FIRST WIDELY APPLIED
IN COLOMBIA IN 1982.
IN BRAZIL, THE STATE OF CEARA WAS HONORED
WITH THE MAURICE PATE AWARD IN 1993.
FOR ITS OUTSTANDING WORK
ON BEHALF OF CHILDREN.
NEARLY JNERY STATE IN BRAZIL AND MEXICO ·
IS NOW DEVELOPING ITS OWN
PIAN OF ACTION FOR CHILDREN.
PROVINCES IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC,
DEPARTMENTS lNGUATEMALA.
AND MUNICIPALITIES IN ·ARGENTINA
ARE DOING THE SAME•.
' - ~-
-.. .
YES, MUCH HAS BEEN DONE...
BUT OUR WORK IS UNFINISHED.
A HUGE AGENDA REMAINS BEFORE US.
~.., .
:~~' ~-::.
··-
; ·.., FIRST • WE MUST.oSUSTAIN
AND REAFFIRM COMMITMENT
TO THE MID-DECADE AND DECADE GOALS
OF THE 1990 WORLD SUMMIT FOR CHILDREN.
SECOND, THE CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD
MUST BE FULLY IMPLEMENTED
BY LEGISlATIVE REFORM,
PUBLIC EDUCATION,
AND SERVICES TO PROTECT CHILDREN.
THIRD, ACHIEVEMENTS ALREADY BENEFITING THE MAJORITY
._; _.
�.s
MUST BE EXTENDED TO ALL.
THE QUALITY OF.EDUCATION MUST BE IMPROVEDIN BOTH SOUTH AND NORTH.
ALTHOUGH THE AMERICAS HAVE HIGH RATES
OF SCHOOL ENROLLMENT,
THEY ALSO LEAD THE WORLD
IN SCHOOL DROPOUTS.
'.
'
EFFORTS TO MAKE SCHOOlS
MORE CHAI..LENGINGt .
MORE APPEALING,. · .
AND MORE AFFORDABLE
MUST GO HAND-IN~HAND'
WITH EFFORTS TO EUMINATE CHILD lABOR
AND TO TRAIN YOUNG PEOPLE
FOR EMPLOYMENT IN A MODERN ECONOMY.
.
MATERNAL MORTALITY RATES
IN THIS HEMISPHERE . ·
ARE STILL UNACCEPTABLY HIGH,
AND PNEUMONIA STILL CAUSES
BETWEEN TEN ·AND>THIRTY PERCENT
OF ALL YOUNG CHILDREN'S DEATHS •
I
IN BOTH RURAL .AREAS AND
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POOR URBAN NEIGHBORHOODS
SOUTH AND NORTH~SANITATION MUST BE IMPROVED
TO PREVENT FURTHER OUTBREAKS
OF CHOLERA AND OTHER DISEASES.
THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE'S
130 MILUON YOUNG PEOPLE
ARE OUR WORKERS
AND THINKERS,
THE LEADERS OF TOMORROW.
THEY SHOULD BE HEARD FROM TODAY.
-··
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•.•
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BUT THEY ARE CONFRONTED WITH PROBLEMS
AS NEVER BEFORE:
CHILD ABUSE AND CHILD EXPLOITATION;
TEEN PREGNANCY--
CHILDREN HAVING CHILDREN;
·sEXUALLY TRANSMI1iED.DisEASES-INCLUDING THE DEADLY HIV VIRUS
THAT CAUSESAIDS;. ~.... ),'··:
..
--
ILLEGAL AND LEGAL DRQ~S, .
. INCLUDING ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO.
'
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AND GUNS AND VIOLENCE~NOW THE SECOND LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH
AMONG CHILDREN AGED 10 TO 14
IN THE UNITED STATES.· -. . ·.
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YES, WE HAVE ALREADY DONE MUCH.
BUT WE HAVE so·f:MUGHiJ\10RE TO DO.
AND WE ALL KNOW:WHATJS NEEDED-POLITICAL WILL AND TH~ COURAGE
TO PUT CHILDREN'S NEEDS~FIRST.
WHEN NATIONAL PRIORITIES ARE DETERMINED,
OUR WILL MUST MATCH OUR PROMISES.
I
) " ' \ ·.,•
,.
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�Copyright 1993 The New York Times Company: Abstracts
Information Bank Abstracts
)
MIAMI HERALD
January 24, 1993, Sunday
SECTION: Section· M; Page 5, Column 3
LENGTH: 42 words
HEADLINE: A LmLE SCHCXJL WITH BIG IDEAS
J
BYLINE: BY TAFFY GOULD MCCALLUM-
JOURNAL-CODE: MH
ABSTRACT:
Taffy Gould McCallum interview With Miami (Fla)'s Drew Elementary School
principal Frederick Morley reports on his successful program of school reform that
draws national attention; focuses on his concern for active community involvement;
photo (L)
GRAPHIC: Photograph
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
�I.
(c) 1994 The Miami Herald Publishing Co. All rts. reserv.
07005164
A_ LITI'LE ·scHOOL WITH BIG IDEAS A CONYERS ATION WITH A PRINCIPAL
WHO GETS
THINGS DONE
Miami Herald (MH) - SUN January 24, 1993
By: TAFFY GOULD McCALLUM Special To The Herald
Edition: FINAL Section: VIEWPOINT Page: 5M
Word Count: 2,206
TEXT:
Q. The first this community became aware of Drew Elementary was with the
issue of school uniforms, when the parents of this school decided they
would like their children to wear uniforms because they thought it would
improve discipline. How did that work out?
A. The majority of our students are still wearing uniforms. This is a
public school, and in a public school uniforms cannot be mandatory.
However, we encourage them. The uniforms are so much cheaper than the other
clothing: approximately $30. With name-brand jeans, for example, today you
might pay $60 just for one pair.
Another plus is the fact that our attendance is up. We are above 95
percent and that's good. We didn't have that before uniforms. I think the
children are coming to school because (they) wake up in the mornings and
realize that "I don't have to stand in front of this closet saying 'what am
I going to wear today?' "
Another plus is that the first day of school we have most of our
children here. In the past, many of the parents (would) say, "I don't have
the money for clothing. I have to wait until I get my check to buy clothing
for school." When they say that, they're talking about the latest fashions.
It's the most ridiculous thing, where the children wear labels and
all these kinds of things.
Q. You once commented that you attributed the success of this school
in large part to the fact that you had an outside board made up of
executives from major corporations. Is that continuing?
A. Yes, as a matter of fact, I'm going to take you out into our
"Ecosystem," which was sponsored by Southern Bell, (a project) where
animals are free in the ecosystem. You'll see iguanas out there, Cuban
anoles and others, and everyone's just amazed by this. It was something I
was sort of against, but because· of school-based management,
�shared-decision making, the cadre said, "Mr. Morley, we want to do this,"
and I wanted them to be successful.
Q. It seemed to me at the time that the major corporations who rely
on an educated work force for their employees would have it in their best
interests to participate in what's happening in the schools.
A. This is one of the things that the officials from Southern Bell
told me, that "we need your students-- we're going to need them in the
future and we need to work together." So, for that reason, they are
supporting us.
Q. Do they contribute in money and in ideas?
A. Yes.
Q. How does that work?
A. We've said "we need you to come out to the school, we need you to
talk to our students." We have school on Saturdays, and Southern Bell
supported us and other groups in the community supported us, and we are
very appreciative~
Q. What about parental involvement? Has that always been a hallmark
of this school, or is that something you've had to encourage?
A. You have to encourage that, because many parents are working
parents, and sometimes children come to school right after their parents
leave for work. That's at 7 o'clock in the morning, and sometimes those
parents don't work just eight hours or five hours. They're working late
into the afternoons and they may get home at 6 o'clock, and they don't have
time to come out to the school. It's not that they don't want to, but
because of economic reasons they can't come out.
Q. How about involvement at home?
A. (In Chapter 1 schools, which qualify for the federal program that
serves economically and educationally disadvantaged students) we have what
we call a parent-involvement specialist, one who contacts the parents. This
person might even go out late in the afternoon, might have to go out on a
Saturday or a Sunday to work with those parents and tell those parents how
they can help their children. Those parents are also able to check out
computers to assist their children.
Q. I'd be curious to know how you feel about the school voucher
· system. It sounds as though if vouchers were in effect, everyone would want
to come to this school.
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A. Yes. We know that. My concern would be global. It would not hurt
Drew Elementary. But I'm afraid it would hurt many of the other schools,
and we have to look at the total school system, and· we need all of our
schools.
Q. But is it reasonable to think, based on what the people who are in
favor of vouchers are saying, that if vouchers were in effect, those
schools that one might think would be hurt would actually upgrade so they.
could attract students as you are?
1
I
A. I think that from what I hear from Milwaukee, where they've
started this, where they have the pilot program, that has not been the
case.
Q. The schools have not upgraded?
A. Right, that's my understanding.
Q. You've also had great success with your Saturday program, haven't
you?.
A. Yes. What we've found, and we did our own study, is that those
students who came to Saturday school did better than those of a similar
mental ability that decided to stay home and look at cartoons.
That's where we got additional parental involvement. We have parents
who came our. first year, and they supplied the lunches, but they got the
whole community invo1ved.
Originally, we were supposed to have just reading, writing and
mathematics, and we had the reading, writing and mathematics, but we found
out that some of those students were hungry. They didn't eat, and they just
needed a snack or something. So we got the community involved. We said, OK,
Southern Bell, this is your time to do something. We went to political
people -- the mayor: of Miami, (Xavier) Suarez -- and said, this is your day
to provide a lunch, this is your Saturday.
Q. What do you think (of) the idea of merit retention of teachers,
and what criteria would you use to-judge them?
A. We tried that once before, and you know, it's very difficult
because you have many outstanding teachers.
Q. But are poor teachers a problem, do you think, nationwide?
A. Yes, I think that is definitely a problem. We have to be willing .
�I
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to get rid of p(>or teachers. You can, if you really want to do it, if you
go in there and observe and follow the procedure. I think if you check the
records in Dade County, you have many of the poor teachers (who) have been
dismissed, but it's up to us as administrators to go out and weed out those
poor teachers.
Q. The idea of tracking, or homogeneous grouping, has come under fire
recently. Those who are against it feel that children of like abilities
should not necessarily be grouped according to their ability but, rather,
that heterogenerius grouping -- where everyone is thrown in together -- is
really the better way. Do you have an opinion· on that?
A. That's been debated for years, and it's still being debated. I
have a gifted program here, a full-time gifted (program), and we're trying
something new. In the lower grades we aren't going to use the homogeneous
grouping; we're going to use the heterogeneous grouping with the primary
students who are gifted. In other words, they're going to be in the regular
classes, and I have a teacher teaching all of the children as if they're
gifted.
So we're doing both, and we're going to look at the results to see ·
what's best for our students and we're going to go from there.
Q. How do you feel about establishing a greater network of trade
schools for those students who are not capable of doing college work but
obviously need to have some trade on which they can rely for a livelihood?
Do you think we should be tracking students off into trade schools at a
high school level?
A. You know, we're building the William Turner Center. That's going
to be for academic achievement -- basic skills -- but also for people who
want to learn trades, and I think that it's very important. Today, I wish I
I
could find a roofer!
I· don't think we should wait until we get to high school. I think
that we should do what we're doing here at Drew Elementary. We have our
career lab right here at Drew. All our students, before they leave here, go
through that career lab. They sit down at the plumber station, they sit
down at the electrician station, they sit down at the fireman station, and
they go through all these things, and not only that, we bring in these
individuals from the community to talk with our students.
We think this is important, because down the street you can see some
individuals who may be role models, but they're selling drugs. And they
come out there and drive their Mercedes and they have all the gold chains
and everything around their necks and-- that's a role model for these
�I
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individuals ..:_ so it's important for us to bring in the plumber who lives
down the street who can sleep at night without someone breaking down the
door, dragging him off to jail. That's important to us.
Q. At what level do the children start, in what grade?
A. They start in grade four. All our fourth-, fifth- and
. sixth-graders go through the lab, because we want to make sure they all get
a feel of this before they leave. We introduce them to different careers
right here. We aren't. saying, "You don't have the ability." We aren't going
to label them and track them at this particular point and say, "OK, you
cannot make it in school; therefore, you're going to be a plumber." But we
introduce all our students to this, and it's up to them and up to the
middle schools later on to guide them into different fields. Q. Margaret
Mead once commented that the greatest travesty in American education was
making everyone think he not only needed a college education but was
entitled to one, and that what we need is more trade and service people.
That's why I· think more and more people are going back to the idea of
having trade schools, where students who really don't have the interest in
college can nevertheless earn a good living and make a contribution to the
community without a college education.
A. I wish I knew how to repair brakes of a car or how to do a tune-up
on some of these for,eign cars, because most of us are driving foreign cars
now. The trades are very important. We talk about folks out there who say
they don't have jobs. Well, you learn a trade, you could get a job.
Q. How do you feel about having national standards for schools?
A. I think we should have some standards and we should have some
for
goals for our schools. We have those in the state of Florida, and
it.
I'm
Q. I know that, especially in South Florida, where we have so many
immigrant children, there are many people who say it isn't fair for us to
have to try to meet some national standard, because we have to teach so
many of our students English fll'st.
A. I don't think it's wrong to have national standards. I think maybe
it's wrong to say everyone must meet this goal-- but there's a goal that
you might want to try to reach.
Q. At least have the standard out there.
A. Yes, the standard should be out there, but don't say we've failed
because we don't reach it.
�Q. If you were asked by President-elect Clinton for your advice (on
education), what would you say to him?
The greatest problem facing education in the future of our nation
today is the use of illegal drugs, and I say that for this reason: You can
come up with all the programs we can think of, and all the college .
professors who can come up with all these great ideas, but when you have
someone who has a substance, born with a substance in his or her body, and
they come to school brain-damaged, there's very little we can do. We can
nurture these students, we can show our love for these students, but we
need to get out in this community and rid our nation and our community of
illegal drugs.
Someone mentioned that crack babies will be coming into the schools
in the future. The thing they don't know is that it's not in the future,
that crack babies are here in the schools now. Q. How would you approach
the drug problem?
A. We're going to have to be serious about it. It's coming in from
other countries, and we need to stop it before it gets here. Just to pick
up these guys on the street, that's not solving the problem. It's going to
still be there.
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Copyright 1993 The New York Times Company: Abstracts
Information Bank Abstracts
I'
MIAMI HERALD
August 23, 1993, Monday
..· .·
SECTION: Section B; Page 1, Column 2
LENe~
HEADLINE: PROGRAM TARGETS GIFTED MINORITIES
I.
BYLINE: BY MARILYN MARKS
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JOURNAL-CODE: MH
ABSTRACT:
Article on one-year-old program in Broward County, Fla, that helps discover gifted
arid talented minority children by using activities other than standardized IQ tests;
Audrey Jackson; mother of three gifted children at Charles Drew Elementary School
in Pompano Beach, comments; photo (M)
GRAPHIC: Photograph
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
(
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St Petersburg Times
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February 11, 1989, Saturday, City Edition
-SECTION: NATIONAL; Pg. 1A
LENGTH: 951 words
HEADLINE: Quayle brings hard-line message. to Florida, voices support for Israel
BYLINE: STEPHEN KOFF; BARRY KLEIN
DATELINE: PALM BEACH
BODY:
PALM .BEACH - Vice President Dan Quayle came to Florida to push his boss'
agenda on Friday, using a hard~line address to calm Jewish fears about Israel
and a similarly conservative tack in a talk to Hispanics about Latin America.
Iri between the separate speeches in Palm Beach and Miami, the new
president stopped off at a predominantly black school in Liberty
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vice
City.
OUtside the school, the reception wasn't as warm.
"If he wants to make people think he cares about black children, he ought
to do something about the way their black parents have to live," said Billy
Hardemon, one of .several dozen demonstrators who waved placards outside
Charles R Drew Elementary School while the vice president was speakinginside. ·
Quayle told reporters he came to Miami to salute the award-winning
school, not to solve the city's racial tensions, which produced three nightsof rioting
last month.
·
"I don't have any answers on that," Quayle said. "This issue is
issue."
very mucha local
This was Quayle's first domestic trip since he was sworn in Jan. 20, and
it came barely 13 hours after President Bush delivered his first address to ajoint
session of Congress.
Programs for Florida figure prominent:Jy in the president's plans,
·
president said.
thevice
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He cited Bush's commitment to a $ 1-billion increase for fighting drugs,
a 22 percent raise for NASA and an indefinite postponement of offshoredrilling
near the Everglades.
"Florida did very well in the president's budget," Quayle said at a press
conference. "(And) the president did very well in Florida during·thecampaign."
Indeed, the Bush-Qtiayle ticket won by 60-38_percent in the Sunshine State.
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But Jewish voters, who had qualms about the candidates' commitment
Israel, heavily favored Democrat Michael Dukakis, according to the
AmericanJewish Congress.
to
On Friday, Quayle tried to allay those concerns.
Speaking to about 500 leaders of the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai
B'rith meeting in Palm Beach, he cited inconsistencies in PLO leader Yasser.
Arafat's peace-promising rhetoric and the PLO's violent actions. "Those who
believe that American policy is about to undergo a . · basic shift merely because. ·
we have begun to talk with the PLO are completely mistaken," he said.
Quayle did not address this_week's State Department report criticizing
Israel's treatment of Palestinian civilians, and said, "Arab states havekilled far more
Palestinians than Israel has."
. However, he said, "Israel cannot be judged by the standards of its
neighbors." And by democratic standards, he said, "the status quo on
and Gaza Strip is clearly unacceptable."
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the WestBank
As for Palestinian sovereignty, he said, "We continue to believe.
that an-independent Palestinian state will not be a source of stability or
acontribution to a just and lasting peace."
Jewish leaders said they were enthralled by that message.
"I thiiU< it's very important at an early stage of a new administration to
hear these kinds of things," said Ken Jacobson, director of Middle Easternaffairs for
the Anti-Defamation League.
Quayle left Palm Beach for Miami .with Gov. Bob Martinez aboard Air Force
Two, where they discussed the space program. Upon landing, the vice
president's motorcade sped off to Charles Drew Elementary School, where
. testscores and achievement rank among the highest in the nation..
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.The school is near the neighborhood where racial violence and
erupted last month, sparked by the shooting of a black man by a
looting·
policeofficer.
"I think rm at the best merit school in the entire United States
America," Quayle told about 400 students gathered in *e school
of
cafeteria.
Principal Frederick Morley presented two school uniforms ,.. white shirts
and blue plaid ties - for Quayle and President Bush, whose son Jeb also was
present· The principal praised the visit as an example of the newadministration's concentration on education.
Protesters outside the school questioned Quayle's commitment to
solvingproblems that have batter~ the riot-tom community.
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"Why's he in there talking to children?" Billy Hardemon asked.
. doesn't he come into the community and talk to people struggling
. I
"Why
to getby?"
Friday night, the vice president spoke at a black-tie gala sponsored by
Miami's Cuban American Bar Association, where affluent members of the
Hispanic community turned out to hear Quayle's- anti-communist remarks .
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Quayle criticized human rights violations in Latin American countries,
but contended that the worst violators of human rights in El Salvador are the
leftist guerrillas trying to overthrow the democratic government
Quayle said. Cuba, Nicaragua and Panama have tyrannical Latin governments
that are "desperately holding out against a democratic tidal wave that isrising ever
higher."
"The governments ruling these countries claim to be the vanguard of the
Latin American revolution," he said. "In reality they're the rear guard."
- Information from AP was used in this report
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Copyright 1994 Sun-Sentinel Company
Sun-Sentinel (Fort Lauderdale)
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June 22,1994 WEDNESDAY, BROWARD EDITION
SECTION: SOUTHEAST, Pg. 6, NAMES AND FACES
LENGTH: 880 words
HEADLINE: SERVICE AWARDS RECOONIZE EMPLOYEES AT HOSPITAL
BYLINE: Yvonne McOain
BODY:
The Jackson Memorial Foundation honored five Jackson Memorial Hospital
employees at the Jay W. Weiss Humanitarian Awards Gala on May 7.
�The Winner's Circle Award is given to employees who have shown exceptional
service to the hospital and the community.
Two of this year's recipients are Miramar resident John Oark and Pembroke Pines
resident Gndy Friedewald. Oark, clinical coordinator of critical care medicine in the
Department of Pharmacy Services, has worked at Jackson Memorial for 11 years. He
also is an adjunct. professor at the University of Florida, Florida A&M University and
at Nova Southeastern University's College of Pharmacy.
In 1992, Oark was president of the Miami Chapter of the American College of
Oinical Pharmacology. and received the Publication Award in 1993_ from the Florida
Society of Hospital Pharmacists.
·
Friedewald, a registered nurse, is the director of nursing at the.Children's Hospital
Center and has worked at Jack-son for 18 years.
She is co-chairwoman of the Employee Management Committee and chairwoman
ofthe Labor Management Committee at the hospital. She is also the nursing liaison
for Head Start Nurses for the Community Action Agency..
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Friedewald, Oark and the other recipients were nominated by Jackson employees
and· were selected by the Winner's Circle Selection Committee.
The Cooper City Police Department is proud to announce that Police Explorer Jeff
Propst won a fifth-place trophy in the marksman class during a recent shooting
competition in St Petersburg.
·
The match was held May 22 at the Pinellas County Police Academy Range. There
were 51 total shooters and 15 in the marksman class.
·
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.Propst, 14, is an eighth-grader at Walter C Young Middle School in Pembroke
Pines. Two other Cooper City Police Explorers also participated in the competition.
The National Safety Council, Broward Chapter is proud to announce the first
award recipients of the Robert F. Kearson Scholarship: Binu Jacob and Merline Saintil.
.
Jacob is a resident of Davie and just graduated from Ely High School. He ranked
third in his class of 326 and was recently named aBroward Top Ten Teen. Jacob will
be attending the University of Miami as a biology/ c~emistry major.
Saintil is a resident of North Lauderdale and ranked first in her graduating class of
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300 at Hallandale High School. Saintil will be going to Florida A&M University in
Tallahassee as an electrical engineering major.
Jacob and Saintil won their scholarships for their demonstrated interest in the
health and safety of their communities.·
·
Dr. Silvia M. Flores, president of the F~rt Lauderdale Philharmonic Society, has
been named "Humanitarian of the Year" by Hispanic Unity of Florida.
She was honored on June 4 at the seventh annual Hispanic Heritage Ball at Pier 66
in Fort Lauderdale.
·
Flores was born in Mexico City and is a resident of Fort Lauderdale. She is the
mother of three children and is mairied to Dr. Jorge Arturo Flores, a cardiologistin
Broward County.
Silvia Flores has been very active in the Hispanic commuriity for many years and
has held prestigious titles, such as American Cancer Society's Woman of the Year in
1992 Through her involvement with the Philharmoriic, she was instrumental in.
organizing the Children's Concerts Series.
Hispanic Unity of Florida is Broward County's only Hispanic human services
agency. Hispanic Unity also serves other non-English speaking minority groups in
Broward County by providing job placement, family counseling and other programs.
The Pembroke Pines Villagers, a new civic group for residents of east Pembroke
Pines, recently elected the following officers for this next year: :Randy Arrowsmith,
president; Sue Robinson, vice president; Pat Boehm, secretary; and. Mimi Spitz,
treasurer. Jay Allen, Carolyn Wells and Rene Champagne will sit on the board of
directors.
Send items and photographs for Names and Faces to Sun-Sentinel, 3 SW 129th
. Ave., Pembroke Pines, Suite 101, Pembroke Pines, Fla. 33027.
GRAPHIC: PHOTOS 2, Cark; Friedewald
LOAD-DATE-MDC: August 1, 1994
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Copyright 1994 The New York Times Company: Abstracts
Information Bank Abstracts
MIAMI HERALD
July 10, 1994, Sunday
SECTION: Section B; Page 2, Column 1
LENGTH: 62 words
,/
HEADLINE: UM/JMH'S EYE INSTITUTE TOPS NATIONAL POLL
BYLINE: BY PEGGY Rcx:;ERS
JOURNAL-CODE: MH
ABSTRACT:
US News & World Report survey ranks Univ of Miami (UM) as top-ranking US eye
care facility; gives high ratings to AIDS, orthopedic, geriatric and otolaryngology
treatment at Univ of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital (UM/JMH); ranks Miami
Children's hospital as .No 14 among nation's top 19 pediatric hospitals (M)
Copyright 1994 The New York Times Company: Abstracts
Information Bank Abstracts
MIAMI HERALD
·June 22, 1994, Wednesday
SECTION: Section C; Page 1, Column 5
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LENGT&s
HEADLINE: JMH TO TRIP 350 JOBS OVER 15 MONTHS
BYLINE: BY MICHELE CHANDLER
JOURNAL-CODE: MH
ABSTRACT:
Public Health Trust plans to trim nearly 4 percent, or at least 350 jobs, at Jackson
Memorial Hospital in Miami; officials cite falling hospital admissions, shorter hospital
·stays and lower rates offered by managed-care plans (M)
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(c) 1994 The Miami Herald Publishing Co. All rts. reserv.
07624124
UM/JMH'S EYE INSTITUTE TOPS NATIONAL POLL
Miami Herald (MH)- SUN July 10,.1994
By: PEGGY ROGERS Herald Staff Writer
Edition: FINAL Section: LOCAL Page: 2B
Word Count: 382
TEXT:
There is no better eye care than at the University of Miami, says a
national survey that also gave high rankings to AIDS, orthopedic, geriatric
and otolaryngology treatment at the University of Miami/Jackson Memorial
Hospital.
Miami Children's Hospital also gained prominence, ranking as No. 14
among the nation's top 19 pediatric hospitals, according to the U.S. News
and World Report survey.
UM's Bascom Palmer Eye Institute ranked No. 1 among the nation's top
15 ophthalmology centers, according to the annual ranking, to be published
in the magazine's July 18 issue.
The four other UM treatment specialties ranked among the best
programs for each of those areas. Care of AIDS patients came in No. 8 out
of the top 40 AIDS programs.
"We're obviously very excited over here," said UM medical school
spokesman Chris Dudley. "This is good news for us."
Other than the two Dade hospitals, only one other Florida center was
considered among the nation's best-- Shands Hospital at the University of
Florida.
U.S. News and World Report calls its survey the "only objective
assessment of U.S. hospitals currently available." In most cases, the
rankings are based on combined fmdings of a national survey of
specialists, hospital death rates and other data on each hospital.
To assess a few specialty areas, including pediatrics and
ophthalmology, the fmdings are based solely on a physician survey of the
programs with the best reputations. The magazine offers the survey as a
consumer guide for picking the~ best care, although some experts say a
survey alone is insufficient.
"You shouldn't take them too seriously," said Dudley. "It does show
some measure of, not quality, but reputation of programs around the
country. And· it's nice to show up on these things. But a patient who's
�looking for a program should look beyond the ratings."
Miami Children's Hospital did not appear among last year's best. In
the four other categories that University of Miami/Jackson Memorial
Hospital ranked, none was in the top spot. This year's survey did repeat
one thing, though: an omission.
For the second year, it refers to the University of Miami without
mention of Jackson, the hospital where UM doctors and Jackson staff provide
much of the care cited. "The University and Jackson should be equally
credited as the partners they are," Dudley said.
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Speechwriting
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
First Lady’s Office
Speechwriting
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1994
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
<a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/show/36105">Collection Finding Aid</a>
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
2012-1004-S
Description
An account of the resource
Within the First Lady’s Office, Speechwriting assisted with the writing and editing of the speeches given by the First Lady at various events and on various trips. This collection highlights topics relating to the arts and humanities, women’s issues and organizations, medical issues and organizations, health care, the economy, the military, and the efforts of the First Lady on behalf of candidates running in the 1994 midterm elections. It contains speeches given by the First Lady, and speeches given by President Clinton and Ira Magaziner, to a wide variety of organizations and audiences during 1994. The records include memos, notes, speech drafts, talking points, pamphlets, articles, correspondence, and newsletters.
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
William J. Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
150 folders in 10 boxes
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
HRC [Hillary Rodham Clinton]/Summit of the Americas [12/10/94] [3]
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
First Lady’s Office
Speechwriting
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
2012-1004-S
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Box 10
<a href="http://www.clintonlibrary.gov/assets/Documents/Finding-Aids/Systematic/2012-1004-S-Speechwriting.pdf">Collection Finding Aid</a>
<a href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/1766805" target="_blank">National Archives Catalog Description</a>
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
William J. Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Format
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Adobe Acrobat Document
Medium
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Reproduction-Reference
Date Created
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11/13/2014
Source
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42-t-7763272-20121004s-010-011
1766805