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THESE ARE ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS!
These documents are numbered
and belong with the Iluntbered documents
picked up from Fo~tMcN air!
�FEDERAL RESERVE BANK
OF NEW YORK
OFFICE CORRESPONDENCE
DATE_________________
To~'~
_____________________________
SUBJECT~
_______________________________
FROM______________________________
defendant as a stakeholder.,
All of these securities are now held by
our ,Safekeeping Department for account of the Office of Alien Property,
but subject to instructions, from our Foreign Funds Control Department,
~.cting
as agent for the Office of Ali.en Property.
It would seem that
our position as defendant in litigation involving any of these
securities will not be altered.
It should be noted that the Depart
ment of Justice does not claim title to the securities so held.
Unless otherwise instructed the securities in this category will
continue,on and after June 1, 1949, to be held for the account
•
of the Office of Alien Property, Department of Justice. Our Safe
keeping Department also holds, in fiscal agency capacity,' property
,
belonging to the Office of
~lien
Property and regularly obtains
reimbursement for expenses of, such custody, in accordance with a
(
i
previously existing agreement.
It is a'ssumed that there will be no
difficulty in arranging '"lith the Office of Alien Property to obtain
!
reimbursement for our custody charges and other expenses (including
i
1 services
i
the L,egal· Department) with respect to the property held
during more than nine years of operations under Foreign Funds
326848.
�"ISC. Se.2-80M-"'.48
FEDERAL RESERVE BANK
OF NEW YORK
OFFICE' CORRESPONDENCE
DATE____________~--_
To__________________________
~-----
SUBJECT~'
__________________________~____
FROM____________________________--:--_
- 3
Control.
Since the beginning of Foreign Funds Control in April 1940,
this Bank has received more
tr~n
865,000 applications for licenses.
All such applications have been filed in numerical -order, together
with all correspondence, memoranda, and instructions relative
thereto.
Inasmuch as all applications and supplementary corresponqence
have been filed in duplicate, it was arranged with the Treasury
Department some time ago that all original copies of applications and
correspondenc:e relating thereto would be sent to the Treasury Depart
ment and only duplicate copies retained in our
ffles~
This arrange
ment was intended as a means of having a complete set of original
documents in the Treasury Department so that'at an appropriate time
the duplicate files in tllis Ban.lc could, be destroyed.
In the interest
i
!
\ of economy and under instructions from the Treasury we commenced some
\ time ago a program of destroying our.duplicate copies of application
)files covering the early years of Foreign Funds Control.
It was also
!.
arranged that in the rare cases in which tr..is Ban.1{ found a need to
refer to the e?,rly files which we had destroyed,. the Treasury would
send.to us promptly its original copy of any application fil-e.
This
arrangement has worked satisfactorily even in recent times since
the Treasury turned over its files to the Office of Alien Property.
In addition to our application files
_-~ __ '_ •••.•••._ •• '~ •• ~._. _
_:__ ••• - .......
-.----.~.- ..............~ ......... ~• .>.-.-_ ....... _., ••••• ~_. __._"........"
........ , ...,...........
_.,.'. ~""r_''''''''~
~Ne
have our other
files and records which are not necessarily duplicates of files and
326849
�FEDERAL RESERVE BANK
OF NEW YORK
OFFICE CORRESPONDENCE
DATE_________________
To____________________
~
____
~
_____
SUBJECT·~
______________________________
FROM_______________________________
,.. 4
records of the Office of
A~ien
Property.
These include all our
correspondence with the public, Treasury Department, and the Office
of Alien Property, and internal memoranda which do not relate to
particular applications.
In addition, all the basic documents
setting forth policy determinations and general instructions and
authorizations to tlns Bank are combined and codified in bound
volumes which· can remain available to us indefinitely.
A representative
'of the Off1cebf Alien Property has been making a survey of our files
with a view of determining what part of them will be needed by the
. Office of Alien Property in its operations after this Bank ceases
to function as its agent.
We may assume that the instructions which
we will eventually receive from the O.A.P. will be in line with·the
policy originated by the Treasury of (1) obtaining from this Bank
all original copies of files and records Which are not duplicated
in the Wasrnngton files, and (2) authorizing us to destroy all
remaining files and records.
Since
we
have already destroyed a substantial portion of
<
our records, clnefly pertaining to the early years of Foreign Funds
Control, it would be impossible for us to maintain a complete record
lof our activities in tIllS function.
It seems tome, therefore, that
!we must necessarily rely, in case of need, upon the basic original
!
\ records maintained by the O.A.P. (or the Treasury) ahd upon the
I
32.6830
�·
..usc.
.
3B"2.~eOM""' ..48
FEDERAL RESERVE BANK
OF NEW YORK
OFFICE CORRESPONDENCE
TO_'__________________________
~
___
FROM__----------------~----------
SUBJECT~'
_______________________________
- 5
responsibility of such agencies to indemnify us for loss or damage
resulting from our fiscal agency activities.
The Office of Alien Property has indicated its intention
of amending its regulations, general licenses, and other official
docu.rnents relating to Foreign Funds Control so as to eliminate all
reference to, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
An exception may
be made in relating to General Ruling No., 5 which requires that
certain securities reported to have been looted by the Germans shall
under certs.in circumstances be d.eposi ted witr~ the Federal Reserve
Bank of New York.
;
Although there are many technical details to be worked out
between now and next May .31, it would seem that there are no basic
difficulties in the way of our complying with ,the liquidating program
as contemplated, unless (1) it is determined that we should attempt
to maintain a more complete record of our actions under this function,
or (2) it is determined, either by us or the O.A.P., that we should
not continue to act as depOSitary for securities and other property,
which does not belong to the O.A.P.but which is held for account of
the O.A.P. pursuant to Executive Order No. 8389, as amended.
NPD: im
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For
~arlier
corresporidence see
prec8dingfil~
.
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197'9- 195'0
FEDERAL RESERVE BANK
00
c.o
C\J
OF NEW YORK
eo t':rg~ '-~s
M
for Jater correspondence see following fiff
DEPARTMENT
SUBJECT
_{)~clct!!.()r AheH ~cerZ:-;1
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FEDERAL RESERVE BANK
OF NEW YORK
WI.C. sB,2-eON ..... 46
Lr { :(/~
OFFICE CORRESPONDENCE
April 26, 1949 )('''~6 4 ~
SUBJECTProposed Termination of Fiscal
Agency for Office of Alien Property
, re Foreign Funds' ControI~
DATE
To
Mr. Knoke
N. P. Davis
Copy to Messrs. Logan and1Nurts.
FROM
"
Mr. Bazelonfs letter to Mr. Sproul of April llr' 1949 gives
notice of the termination as of'midnight, May 31, 1949, oythe agree
ment wi ~h. tl:lis Bank: embodied in Mr. Bazelon's letter of September 27,
1~~ ~..L- ,
1948 (copy enclosld). Paragraph six of said agreement provided
that either party thereto might terminate ,the arrangement by giving
trdrty days written notice.
5'"',0
I know of. no reason why Mr. Sproul
should not acknowledge receipt of said notice by signing and return
ing the duplicate original of Mr. Bazelonfs letter of April 14, 1949.
The implications of the termination of our fiscal agency
'arrangement with the Office of Alien Property are as follows:
As of June 1, 1949 all outstanding authorizations and
~
instructions to this Bank relative to Executive Order No. 8389, as
amended, will have terminated.
The Office of Alien Propertyfs agreement to reimburse .and .
indemnifythis·Bank will no longer apply to acts or services
perfor~ed
after May 31, 1949.
This Bank holds securities and other property having an
estimated value of approximately $1 million which is subject to
Executive Order No. 8389, as amended, and held for account of the.
Office of Alien Property, Department of Justice pending determination
of, and release to, the rightful owner.
Some of the securities so
held are the subject of litigation in which this Bank is a nominal
-326853
�,MINISTERIE
,
i
GEN~RALE THESAURIE.
·DIRECTIE BEWINDVOERING.
,x~~
No.
133.'
'S-GRAVENHAGE;'
14' Juli 1952.
,
QNDERWERP:
Ui tvoering De'e1 IV van"de
Brusselse Overeenkom'st 'd·.d..
5 December 1947 ,t.a.v. d~'
Verenigde Staten. ' .
,
:: ',:
--"---~---------~---.------~ :
,..J
,
,
..
~
!Zoal~ u<!tiek~n~~jn
in deafge~e!\ . .JIl!'anden door verte·
'n' Ministeri~T-:iyret Nederlandse Be
, heersinstituut en van,de Nederlandsche Bank, te Washington
besprekingen gevoerdteneinde te komentot' ui tvoering van - ,
de 01> 24 Januari 1951 in werking getreden overeenkomst van
Brussel inzake onderling strijdige aanspraken op buiten
Dui:ts1and ge1egen Dui tsebezi tt.ingen.
'genwoordigers'V.~:i
In deeerste driedelen van de Anriex' dezer overeenkomst
.
zijn regelingen vastge1egdvoor'de, behandeling van verschi:
1ende soorten vermogensbestanddelen:van Duitsers, waarop,
op grond van de, in de onderscheidene,tot deze overeen
komst toegetreden 1anden vigerende, "wettelijke bepa1ingen~
verschi11ende "Custodians" aanspraken doen~gelden. In Deel
IV van de genoemde Annex is eenregeling neergelegd met
betrekkingtot in;een der aangesloten landen berustende"
als'vijandelijk bezit in beslag genomen vermogensbestandde~
len van een Duitse onderneming, waarin niet-vijandelijke ,
onderdanen van bij de overeenkomst aangeslot,en landen een
direct of 'indirect belang hebbem.
.
"
I
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,
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I
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I
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j
I
LI
,I ' '
I
i
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.
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.
Tijdens de hierboven genoemde besprekiIigen is een groot
aantal meningsverschillen ten aanzien vande interpretatie
van de bedoelde overeenkomst aan deorde geweesto
van '
de voornaamste punten., waaromtrent de Nederlandse' en de Ami,
rikaanse vertegenwoerdigers van mening verschilden,was de
interpretatie van art. 27.B van de Annex der overeenkomst,
gezien inverband met het hierboven ' reeds genoemde D~e~ IV
.Van Amerikaanse zijde zijn n.l. door tussenkomst van W Mi·
nisterie veelclaims ingediend t.aov. vermogensbestanddelel
welke Duitse ondernem~ngen, waa!bij Ai'i1erikanen belang heb
ben~ tijdens de bezetting van Nederland haddenverworven,
waarbij gebruik werd gemaakt van de mogelijkheid, gescha
p~n door de in strijd met hetivolkenrecht door de Duitse
bezetter bevolen opheffing van de deviezengrens met ingang
"van 1 April 1941, n~l. om op onbeperkte schaal tegen een
-door
{
'.~
�-2.-.
door Duitsland eenzijdig vastgesteMe koers rijksmarken .
in guldens om tezetten. Naar de:oerzi~-dse tijdens ~gQ;r:-:-ft"
. noemde besprekingen naar voren gebrachte opvatting~Oe t
op grond van de bepalingen van' de Brusselse Overeenk:omst
in zodanige gevallen geen vrijgave. plaats te .vinden van de
bier te lande gelegen vermogensbestanddelen van Duitse ondl
nemingen, in verhouding tot het Amerikaanse belang in die
·Duitse.ondernemingen. Door .de .Amerikaanse vertegenwoordi
gers werd dit Nederlandsestandpwit niet·gedeeld· en werd
op vrijgave der op deze wijze verkregenvermogensbestand
delen aangedrongen.
)
..
,
Het komt mij gewenst voor, . dat t.a.v. 'deze aangelegenheid
spoedig eendecisie wordt bereikt, aangezien van Amerikaan
s.e. zijde de ui tvoering van de overige' delen van de Annex
der Brusselse Overeenkomst ..; waarmede voor Nederland grote
belangen zijn gemoeid - in fe1te afhankelijk is gesteld
van de bereidheid van Nederland om ten aanzien van het hie;
.boven'besproken .punt aan de Amerikaanse verlangens tege
, moet teo komen, ofschoon de Brusselso' Overeenkomst zelf' de~
ze binding van de uitvoering vanverschillende onderdelen
der oV7.~nk:omst_ op geen enkele ~ijze rechtvaardigto In veJ
·band-.bi' . " ede,.:verwogen een nota voor hetState Depart
ment' op .te stei
, . waarin het Nederland~e standpunt ten
deze nog eensuitvoerig wordt uiteengezet.Een eerste con
cept voor deze nota werd nog tijdens het.vE!rbl1jf van enig~
leden van de Nederlandse delegatie te Wash~ngtonopgesteld;
In dit concept zijn n'og enkele wijzigingen aangebracht; de
gewijzigde tekst moge ik U hierbij ift otweevottd doen toeko
men~
,
".
. .,... " ,
..
,
.
I
!
.
I
' .
Harer.Majesteits Ambassadeur te Washington, met wie reeds
overleg werd gepleegd over he t aanbi'eden van een nota ter
zake aan het State Depa:r'tm.. ent, kon zichhierme.de geheel
verenigen.
'
. ". ' .
..
Ik zal het op pri j s ste:tlen, 1ndi,en U een exemplaarvan de
,bijlagedezes aanDr. van Royen wilt doen toekomen· met het··
verzoek, een daaraan gelijkluidende nota ten spoedigste aal
. het State Depart me nt aan te bieden. Te Uwer kennisneming
voegik hier:nog bijde in deze nota.genoemde brief van
Jack ·B.Tate, acting legal adviser van het State Department
d.d. l3April 1949.
.
.Van de verdere gang-oven zaken teri deze zal ik gaarne op de'
hoogte .\'Vorden gehouden.
DE MIN·ISTER VAN FINANCI
. \ . va.or de Mi.' nister~
.
DE·PLV.SECRETARIS-G .. /
.
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AMBASSADE VAN HET KONINKRIJK DER NEDERLANDEN .
,
1/1·
.
7
21 Februari 1950
."
---,
,
1aatste1ijk haar' mijnseh'rijven '
, tiEib 1k'de ee:r'tJwerE~ce1~~(),~tlx.J!a",1t:b
11th:
"
tEf-bl'edenCle~'jT!e1i
.1.
,
.
.
t0841# pbvfl<:r~a~tlek
--,,'
(4.~. . . So?
~~~a(.."- \
WASHINGTON 9, O. C.
'1rJx.. ...··~"""!!~~iI
r'llr
~fV/·
Co d.L.. 3.
~ua,,~
-------
Bij1agen: 2 in vijrvoud
.z1 jner Excellentie
de Heer Minister van Buiten1andse Zaken
's-Gravenhage.
'
3268551
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m.1l"J':'QiJ!'
1~~I\_~~t.\O ~ 18 4!87l,A,°'i1 {c~'J:tA ~¥!!>;~~t~.<F.;
.~ }~Jl~~... l . ,• .ak~:'ft; ,~P,Om,,~.'hn 4.-t ~"''''OnA:.Fe.- ,.,V'a~"", ,I'U ~l~,
t,~ i2r" «i,.IDrw.~~J}o "f~T'Hj~"':r~~'i I:~".,<,~ .. ~::.;:~:ft',; ....~,.<.~,,':i!""~~;,~~~I·I~t "'!ij"
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t1t~~bJ..'tYltt,iiJ ~baMAu.EE1._nt J•
326856
,1"
�.NEW· YORK STATE SURROGATE; S COURT ACT
, 162. 'P't~tl?D I gtlet1aa. • ••••
Ir it ,appears ttmt·
2.
t';6·
41.Ap~jeCi,l"tt.nc.· '.)Z"
was' 'baa.d on the
grant of 101".1111 .administration
'ab.enc., under !uch ciroumstances, .
R8 to arrOl'(l' retilof1able ground to believe i.e 1$ ae&<1,' at the' pers'on .
, ,
,
el t<l'Jil ,• .ball
UPOft Wlhoae pro;;e:rty" Ulcill:iil.1"1 lett(ll'5. JU'o.soqht,
also i.sue to $uehd1a..,peued or absent p$rsoA
a.n4
r
I
shall be .Itu:vec!
r,
Buell c1tat1~n .hall ·..110 bfJ.er.,ed' \lpontnep\lbllc
.uaa1n1atrator at ttl• •o~t7,or, l,t thor. beoon.,
ti'eaal.lrer•. Upon the 1".t:lilr~ot"·'b.Cl\.tl;ln1t it
•.
.;.~
. . ·1• ./
.
.•
W.PQU
tn.
00Wlt7
.,p••rs t~ the ' ., ..
.
satisfaction. of the surrolate, '.:IlUCh 1'or61an Il'&at of a4mln1atl'lA
•
•
< '
tlon . or frorD. aucn' other proof 'as
I
-
.
.
tae t
Md
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.
th' ,urrola te· lint"
.
.
.
,
'
'
req,u1re ,tha t sueh
'
.
..
'
,ran t1na anc1llary &datn,ls t.ra tl0fl up,::,m th. es t.,te,~ -pre...
fl:cr 1'0.<1 1hth1 a article.
If
a~cl11.ry
.
.
16 t'ters~lll'iI\ole
pe.rlJ,ansl1fisedtQ oe dead ahall 'return 'he
the ·prop.r,t;y thea
in
ttl. hanc:1.6 of
re s.r..... tor any uap&ld.
dU ij',
tn.
Sh$il.l.~ ,Q e:l&:Ad rt!>c'1"fI'.
the &Dcl11ary
;;dtl~nls t,rat1;.m
tbere.<1lfter
cnar'ts
I'epre~entattvfl utter
~d $~ll
havc only
the· iUJ'thlll'. r1gnts to corri~l ~n aceouQt1n&Qn ttle,;,1art~f hifi8#CU1&r),
i'.pr./Ii.nt~tlY.
&Ad to enforce ,.tne deeree made t,luu·.,on and to :recover
trom ~i pers'~'ftWho ah"llhav. reee1ve(t&!ls,tr1butlon of
iiOt:Ul1ya Gl!'
other.
a8seti ft,.)-~ Salon ancl11r1'r), ~f1jpr.sen tet! ve well i):Jneys or As,ets or '
the value
th.re~t.
f};\.\ch aDcillary
".pl".t;'.nt.~tl".e&bfill
not be l1uble
for ~oney$ot· SilHUtts cl1Jbur~ed .or del1v,ired by·. him in gsou faith And·
snleD pers,)n
~
lleged to be dead. mnjl not, \;lP')D tds lI'eturn., r;;iv'iew a..ny.
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,
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\11'';)4 '~b,. ,publlo$.tloD 1A tbe JiUluert>l"ov14e4 1n 8eot10n fifty-.llht
of thi' act.
I,
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C!:u~ttt:i\r eUlDractI.;1 .1.n 4J1Y ~CCOUl1t')J: .s\:lel~ l,;,nc1:~1:Jry reprei3fmtative
whioh
tI4!i)'
h~r'leb'6n fini.il..1y ;!H~tt:ed t.i decr~.e ~uly entel'<aC prior to
.tn. cia te when such &.ilcl11:t.I'jI rej:ir.~~nta t1 v~ sW:.i.ll h,~ v@ had 'ilctual
nDt1a~
tbt hg 15 $t.ill Ii_g.
1he 1..'3,19 il~~ndl!*en t (en 48~, ~e pt. i) lr~J ur t&d "1. tI . at
.figure 1 anG! added suiX:iivlsLm L.
('I'he 1949 &tii.,nd,\;I.eIlt lI:U;;; l'ftiCotll;:;F.i:nded l#)f tne ueautl ve
Com~lttftf t.)ithe :;urr\)gatta~t h.~~oe1atl::;n ;::Jl to. S-t.ite Qf
f.~eri ~Qr~l
Its pUl"p'.)iifJ is· to rem",.. all Qoubt l"~sp~cting
,Jt.l1"1~o.lc't1{)tl t..;) g:ran t· anel11t$,ry liHi~lnlatl,'a t1i~"!-l Qn the .
tfstflt!:SO! l'1~}n ... res1d..nt a.l1eos where_ (.ar~et proi,)!'Qf .
death 1s n<Jt availablei and to ~:>fl'or<l '}r()t.ct1~)n to tt~e
anel11;<.ry fiduc1ar)· ~ndto t.n::lsell':tu deaJ ~1.tl·~ blw. on the
fel th uf hls l.t ter~. Th~ pro f.)i,);S.UQ .~(indQutt1t l'tfq'l1ro/1i
oitation of the j)er&Qn alleie(i' to be 4.~lM1 ~fl(.i WAk4h~ Et.lpllC·1t
priSv1s1·)n [·)rentoroement·-or hIg;" r 19h.t,~ if b.>e shall. return
t:~_ 016.1::,;; b,1s prop,rtI. '1'n.. text of the. amen4ment ~C:kee
'._
~u;.g11c1t wt~t 1s. "l-QlP~ctt1p. "be ,cf.)illplitr~bli!. taxt:>f $aotl-m .
.:..l~of tIle SliU"l"Qrte .!i C.)ut't.<~~t~;;10h rfll,ut~ to prQoeed,...
~ngs fi~r Clr181n~. l.ttor~ Qr'!'i(dl't\in15tr~~tl~m .l..6fJ:eCoO'(.binefl
.
·'\er)ort:·; ~f' the ~.cedent Est;;t.te CO!ti:J!SSl·:Jtl, '';1. <t;oB.l
, : //!
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SULLIVAN 8. CROMWELL
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The. Honorable B. Kleijn
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In 1\/;ti'Jl;;$~.$
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....IJWJ 13 194
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June 12, 1944
/'.
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,
~kam:tJI' ~'J' ,fJ/' ~'. ""Vi" ~fJI.'·
)ft"
Minister Plenipotentiary,
.'it ,'~ Vf'i ~.., \
,
Netherlands Embassy~
~.tI'A~\
~IJ' . ,tl/'
Washington" D. C . '
.
"'11 '.
All"
' " l t f 1'lJ'f" "','.'.It,j~' Y
'V'
, .Dear Mr. Minister:
,
",V)''
'it'
.
,',
.
'
I am wondering if you are familiar with the Bill
known as the McCarran··ilill in the Senate (S-1928) and' as .
the SumEers Bill in' the House, which would amend inimpor
t.ant respects tHf T
.
with the Enemy' Act. ,rIn essence
the bill provides tha "
"cCise of vestedI1roperty of .
a-foreign national, his only right to recover is a claim
. to the Alien Property Custodian, t,he granting of. which is
wholly a matter of administrative discretion. If the. claim •
. is not granted, the only relief of the alien. is. after the
. claim is "finally denied", (which leaves the time wholly in
the discr.etion of the administrative agency) ,to file a claim
. for money against the United States in the Court of Claims
"to establish that he is entitled to the protection of the
just compensation provisions of the~ fifth amendment of'the.
Constitution of the United States and that there has been
a taking of his property for public use within the meaning.
thereQf, and, if ~e so establishes,' to recover just compensa
tion therefor".
, .'
,
It is by no means certain that a vesting Under the
Trading with the Enemy Act wouid, in fact, be a "tCiking of '
prop.erty· for public use within the meaning II of the fifth
amendment to the Consti,tution •. Also it is not entirely
free from doubt that an 'alien "is entitled to the protection
of the just compensation~'prov'isions of the fifth amendment n •
Furthermore, s)lch a proceeding is a highly technical and
'
long,.drawn out proceeding and 'the question of valuation is
difficult and subject to much .hazard.
The Bill gives to American citizens a right to
recover the property in . specie by court action. In taking
this right away from friendly aliens, it may be that treaties
are violated such as the multi-lateral Convention forProtec~
tion of Industrial Property to which I think both your govern- .'
ment and the United States Government are parties and which
3~6B59
�.,..
The Honorable B. Kleijn'Molekamp
'. .: .
-2.,..
provides in Article 2 that "Nationals of ea.ch of': the· con- '
tractingcountries' shall. in all other countries of the Union,
as regards the protection of-industrial property, enjoy the
advantages that their respective laws now grant, or may
he~eafter grant, to theirow;n nationals'S
. .,
,
.'
The Bill iil question is, I understand, an' adniinis-'
.tration measure. It 'Was only recently introduced and is :being
'pushed rapidly without apparently any adequate independent
. consid<:=ration.
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326861
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. '. Memoran4um 1dthRe"ect' to the Pow,r•.. of
the. Allen PrQpe"t1'Cultodlao Qver'l'atanta.
01n18dby J.,tto~l.lof Alll(t4 lations wbe
.are .w1tbin!et,1"ltOry whioh GerlU.l11' I! throulh
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p01nte4und''',.nd
e~erc1 •• spow.r.cont.rrecl bYI
,rac11ng With.·the·lnem, Act.
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It .....'· .~~.rutl•.e8 amended d~rlng ·and.":itb .relat1on to.
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r,~.ttoAto"thetlnancial crl.~.tbat the~.x18t.4 and· the .
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·f)eOem~.r15,1941':ot!th'J~1(:1~W··~~_itf..:t \~h~i 80U••·:
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le,'l,latloD, and .Sectlon:S(b), as amended, w1 th r~lation:' ;
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to tile
$eacmd ,'orld War 81 tuat10ll.\
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"'d~~b~ :t~tt~;~.~:icteoUld b~ invoked.
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a~y ~6ne7'ci~other
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proper·ty· heretQto~•. or·hereiftt.ercon .• '.
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~b)'·theterm8 ot'thiaAct ts Th1swolli4~·b;Y:lts't.rm.,pre~
ql~dea r:iglitLto·,'od1#P,~s.ii:'on under th.:tv.ckeJ'... Ac~·.~ild.£;U"
it
'*Ij~ 'this "Act\lO~d "~"ti~;
relied
,#oD,-tJ>.~V••, ~ ~on~Utu.o
')t,it~~1~tY:3f.l~·~;¥i~~·i~~);~ l aui ~i~~ii"!I;#1n •
statute,'
;It~eems 'to 'us' tlu1;
it· Coni'rells
had. cone.! "ed'5(i») to be .
anem1n'~i1~"t\~m&1n~t.t\lt~;eq~irlng J~:JtQQm~~~'B'~tlon
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. p~operty
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t~kell·tlIe,r'i.underi .Cons~••• wO;ufd:~~#~'/~d•• 1 t
."'clear, by ·amend~entto<the· abov.~qtiQfed:po.ttt1onijt.SQctlon
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\compensatlo11througb·,'the. Court orelalm. ~ ~4erthe .Tucker .
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rot suoh reaaop.*abovese t forth, .f·pt11e1'.
that:Se~tlen.5(b)
notproperlJt():becona~r\ie4~IUJ an' '
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gODt:l!9Atl1ga- " It •• amato,us that .Section
5(b)~Arinot 1nt.nd.clb1Conlr.8'~ tO'bea' contillaatloD'
:
'.t~t~~'.:A. noted, Section --&(b)·
t:·~f'~lJl./ot war,bllt 84urlnj
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ant othtrper1od otnational .
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aifpr6p~ttft:n _..
-~. tf.~en411 Qo.vernment or natl~nal..
~ interest. thU~i- ltS.ctlo~·8(b)w.re· • ,. "
-'tnerEm! 'has
'.- ~ont18C&tory ~tatute, It .•~ul11 .au~rll.cont1acat1on uot
mere17in,t1aeot war, but 'ip. tllleotnat~onalem.r,ency"
of all!r1 tl8h,C..nadiari and SO'ltll AIl.Fic_property -ta
•th1acountr,. '. 'I~, woul4"a. 're,ard'~he
v,lotill. ot
German
anc11.p,-n....,gre'.a1oD, haveauthorl~.4:& complet1on of,
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debat.atosu" •• tth1e,bUt: Qn.th.c~~trarlth.r. 1. ample
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indioation'that SeqttoD 6(b)w.J;,toanut.fpt.t least,
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,look,ed. upon.... • mea BUre , to ;,pI'Qtectth, invaded·cpeopl••.
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transfer of title. underd~res$.In order
to; pr.vent •
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the enemy frolB lQaklng' use"
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these. patents, In'orc:iel" .' . ,
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toaareguard,\1llder )tbiS: eountrY'sbto.4e~ Ntsponslbl11-:
. tl~8, . the r1gh.ttt of .the ~.t'ortuna.tereS~dent'()f oocupied.
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title to theaepatt\!ntBa~~pplloatlon8
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veatedtnthename of the United States
. UQv.rnment. II'
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he~r:1.b&80rdebat.9s
e Congressional
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,.. ;s~.gi~fet~an1~.lntentl0rito confiscate the property
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greB8 'so8hocking' a purposeitip.1e.ss' .t~1~1 had bee~.. made 50
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. ·8e,'Ct'19D5.(b), 18 an eminent doaaln st.tute ora conriscat1on
s ta.t~~e;t~~•. tur~ to ;c.?!1,s1:der > what12U~ah1~ ~an beg! ven 1 t
. cO'ns1$teiltilw1thth~ vie'll1. above ..exprestle,d.· 'Ti)e conclus1on
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wlitcb are tll. h.~~t of Section .5(b) ·.i'.,:
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all~gt:allc·.·:to' the.uri!tedst~~e"·a~who are, broad17.p.a~~:·· .
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~6~~:::be,'~bta~n8d' .bt.:.rtfJ.lance ···u~~n.rhiel·· ~~:.:.
r~gula i1~ns.· .. In.' the9a"eotroreignilation&18,noJ;ev.l'~
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of ~~1r
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cause ot:~b.tal1ur.to Ia&lie' .dequ.t•.,ro"~'1oIl. t,O.,,~.U8t
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,',,".'
,
326873
'~
>
.
,',
',"'
.
:',"":';'.
�"'::b.,p,~~C1sell the, same bltnetlt ,as 1 s'sought tct' b~seclired '
,':'~Yitbf!
preced1n8 portion of the amendment
';:f.:i;t'1,~,prlmarl1Y ,to
andwh1Ch':r,~ri.i-:
be secured by regulation
appli~(1bl~,
"
',~()th
,
,,:.-J',;,
/'
,~ ,
:' "
'
to foreign and, domestic prOptlJ'ty." 'The righttosel.l; ,,',. '
.',
'
"
'
•
"
or,liquidate1!, not inconsistent wi th thi8", tor, once, tl tle
or,
"'lsvest~d', circumstances may wellilrise wberea sale
"11qti1diit~OD
,
. . . . ,
is 'indispensable to preserve .,,,lues intact.,
,
"
,a
Jb;perlencein theflretWorld War sho'fled tha tthe Custo
""
,.'
,
j
,;,w'
•
,
,
, , d1an,'e"en '\<f~~ ac~,
B.s,a'Uconaervator", had. 00
, "c8.110n' to
rs as those of sale and liquidation:•• '
.,
:,
A further cons1a.erat1onthat suggests that 8ec-'
tiOD
5(~),
ame~ded, 1',~ssentlall1a regulatorY$tatute' "
8.S
lS,thatany,oth'sr:¢onstruct1on would make it dIfficult to
. ~~.c(mcl1e
~hls s~ctlon~'l tbSectlon
TbatIs the section
9'.
'Yihi:¢hPerull ta' persons not (tnemies or 'all1es ofenemiesio ,',,"
,
' .j -
-
~
" "
'': .
... :
'
•• ;,,"
"':n , .
.:'
•
" .
;
.'
"~1i9,1e.iill ' from the . Cus tod~an PTop.rt1 whl,chmay h~,Y. ,been
.
.
.
.
, ".
,
,.-;.:
'
.
,
"
,'"S'~!zed by' ,~lm". , I t ',. $eem's ~o
'
"
,
UIJ
. '~.
that \thiJiSeo t16ri '9,. deals
'~'ltb prope,t~1 WhlChb$S b0en" seized by the 'All~n' Propert,
,~5t,~~1iill:lnhi~ow\;rllht, p\1X'Quant ,'U)'s.eetion7,
:"':
'.hleh •
.,"~' ,
,c9hte~e .~~Qh·.power ' ,dfrec~~,.,'.on'tJ~e, Su~,:tod1'an.
In the case,:',
·····,j·,:;~l~*;:'e::r1::::~pl:b~h::~::::~ib::B1~:.::: ·:t;:;::,· .
,
"
':',
·"<~~~:I!~tl~ ~~r P~~~1i<f,~fl~~·.~f p.rt"!iel.. glli't~d~tp~f~'rt6..· .. <..
'the:,:@,ust6aiap., "he has, ali?odele:ga.t;~}d1 t lnpa,rtto,t,he'
,
'""
'.'~l~~"
326874, "
�" '.'."'; .
7.':
Sec;retar:yof ,tbe, freafJury.' , (see E;lC&Cut1ve
ordet9t,jitiye,'" .' '
1942wher.b~:.th~,pr$S1d.ntapportloJJ~'::;bl.1 5(D).U~~Tlt7
, ,> ,".'
C1;1.tod1an,~tu1.;:the seo... ia~;';~{";> ,',
languase ot8eot1~D '9 40e. nDtap;••~ >' "
'",
, betJfeent:~f.l111~nprop.rty
"th~'T~.a.UI'1.) 'nut
.
":'
"t~ \t8,' to"b;~ppl.iaableto
property
V.8~ed
byautborlt,',f>t
ttie".-e.$ldezit,pursuBntto 5(b). ,Superf1cial,i, ~~·~ai'A~
.
...
"
,'8.~' ..ppllc~~le1t, ,tl1e ,prea14efjt
':':.
:."; :,'
haa
'.'
.,';
"> , ' "
, ........
.,.', .. ... :
Q.l.lated.hl'i,a.utho~lt1::'"",
,"
· .··t!{'~.>CU~t.o~Ui~il.!!; •the "\lJl.. tnci~i1t7or .tt\.t¥;;•• . 8 .
1
":..ir.YtUl1ed,~eJi'we ," '
"~4r.<btft
•
,
"
•,
..
,'t,tl~;~U,~.i"p,,:1.:~.~''''i~uS17'~P~~io~bi;;; ,
has, d.ieea't.q.·h1s'au;th~ri~j
to. some'otbfir.",.no7'"
,.S90~'Il. ' tbesearet*r~·,'~l::'ih~} Tr~a~Ur,\•. :Obii~u811:i't;t" aeo~' .
~,tl~~.,8·'~'.· .pp.l~qa.t>i~ "to,..~~'!•. r.~1~,t" ~.'.'.,1J:l3~·t;:(~),: :ri ~ ,:wfla
·':.···:.~·~;,"~~~J~~ii)j~:ti'~ .·dle",~jh.~··.··:t~::.·ti~~:" .·~~li~l··wkii~';·t~~~.!;>~~~.,·.
~:~.
~:
. . . ~.~~~,!~' .n?~.~~II;; l1iO~.~· .~ lIv.!1Ih~'CAA.t1tUll0~{1t7
";';, '", ".3'''' '
."
.
.,
.
. . 'i~·~h.ic~B •.. ~t.;:"jJer.:on91a1ming:to b.·~il·berlc.nbl· ....ort
, ,to. $ectlon 9'~ .this conclusion was reaChed; ",cause the, Court
'......
'.>: '
"
.......'"
"
',',
.
.
..
.•
.. ..•..... ,..
·:'~,f;''$l.).. tlle,~F~.' appal'ently aS8umln'.;~kl.t':I(~l was'. qont"1. '. '.
: . ;"c~~#;;and j;bitti UIilQ$s.a.edb1 '~~:~·~1:~~i~'~;'·1t!0U1d,~:
·\ri~ia.t1Vj ·~t':t~•.
..
"4"e .pr~oe88.::Cl:a\ljS~~·,;ll:t:\1.~.et · .• aI···.·.~I'n~d •. ·
· .. A ~J.c~~.en~lth4l>Q . tMbeil~t'Hot~\(~.~r~c •••~,; •.~•.
....
. Yle y ~t5(bl·wh1~bYi.tak~~pp~artJ:nQtto:Jlaveb'e.n' cOD.~tdered
r'
':·r'::' . '.' ,,,,"
,.
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.'
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,
,!
"
.
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.
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,
reasonstber~ror, ·1n the PUbllc.+.n.tef~.st Shili~·:[.;:, .
8 tat1ng.tb.
.'oth~r;t~~<~'~:.i·et~ine"
(Seotion
l~a. amendedU&rrih2e~'191s>:~:r/~\ . • . .
. Thlsthe,;~~~'&ident. :dld.1nthe.:case .ot ·alarge. nuinber"~t:" .' .
.
~
".
.',
'pa'tentsihathadbee~se13edby
.
.
.'
..
;":':";':-:""':\'
,;
the Cus todlan tromGertiians
:
.
'
and.r.idH:;~·thePresld'en:t d.lreetedtobe· ,sold ata nominal' .......... .
~ ':':';:""
'.
;.
':'\;:,~ .;",
':,,:\
. ':';
.";,
.:j~'~:~[~~~t~i:h:x::::::t:!:::::'.:~::b:::u:n~:·li' ",.. J\
:,:
':. ~',)):,{~' '":
"."
0.: the
.t~.i..c~f!id,but 'th~ ··cena~ltu.tionall ty 'and valid1 ty'
..
Pr'.'1~·
~:~Jltlis'aqt1oti4;"B . . ':.: .' r:.o't,. sU8t~1ned (Onlt~d§.tlltQI.Y .. :;i:'
.•..'
··~:~~~::i:::m~=r~~itJbn:·.~~.O:d::t:::n:::::~:i~~tj~)' . . .
,;
.~.
.
b:wri.~(r&Ubj~c t 'to·to tal.cOri1!f~ca;tlonand .that.
"
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.
,
,
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t,
·:·~:>.t.. ,:,;'
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9o·:'tie;h
.;
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a', .tate .
, ' . ' ','
~
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.' ..~:,;, .. j"".
>
..
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... '
-, . . . '
.
. "', ,.,···';·L.::,.j:£~·':
" .·,',lItrUctlon'.'·
,-,-\".; .
,'-.,
•
""_'; ,',
~ffact'9, :·'ther~ ~asn.Q· o~c~jfonitogiv~ •tb:e\ilct'~ na~~~~:con-"
"j-.":' " ", . .
'.
•••••
.'
'<12'.1~r~1.nvokea, tbe,pa~,.nt8of.; ttue;en.tilesco~d,be: dis- .
.
p(r~~~i'~r 'fpt
",<
•.'
n()~ln~~~:Q~rio ·consic.~;~:i~;~·n1t'''th·eprEuU:den t
,:;:':..:..~
......
'.
. .... ' '....' . . " > " : : ' " ' ' ' '
"
,. ' . ; , . • .
St.ll t+r;g ·~n.Ii,:t.~;~~~.n8~!tn"r~t~r,;,lii.~e;': Vp.bll~~ ·'J.~t~.~.~fi.t!'('Aould
::,
',';'f ._. ,,;-+.:...,,:'
.
",'.
"x:,~: .. '
. -'
·-:;,<~~-,:;'~,~~~:~~~~~::/~~,.'·\i:
.
so dete:rriln:e.
",.',;;~:.
.:~: .:',:.,"'1},1~:: .,' .,.':, ..
".:1
'.
'.
,,~ .. :,,~:~,,/~~<,:~ /;~".·l'
".>' , .;
. ' ....•. Th•. pr~,11l1dent\jia$as;~1mad~·lloat.t.m~t;;to.ln~()k •.....
"j"',;'
'
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326879
.'.
��.: . .
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..
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..
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'
,',
.,:"
'
,',
:"
'
'
. "
the' power of'
•
'.':"
'
. (:
r€;gul~ d.on,·COUld bereq~1rec1~r Am~rt~:.~own'era·
+
' , ; , " .
,.'
'
'
:•• ,
'.
""
,>::.,.,:.,
..
"
of ,sucnps. tent,.,'
'10. ··.fie ,now turn to consIder the. question otu1 tl~
th~claBI
· mate relief 'o!::personswl thin
,', :,
:>
in question.'hose:'.
.
.
.
· patents mat h8,e;·~.en. taken by the Custodian•.' This c81:1'
•
'.,
"',
• <."
' . . '
,
•
•
'r(,~se:~.ra~to>~;~a~ent,.a.are.ga.rdl·' po tents
:~(bl.,: .
taken 1Lttlder
and .p:a.t~Ilts ta,~~~un.d~r 'fro) •. Wew!'1l t1rlSicon814.~ .th·~ •. ·'·'.i
'.
rellef. in d~~~~:i:' seIzures under 7(,,) • ,This 1.~ct'1,Q.ni.;)':~··
"
bls;t'~~lc~iij(earfJi~,~tban .S(b),as'amended, . and ~rtdf.~"~· an :.
ind! spensa~~:.. ,aekg:.tor tbeconaidera tl0Dot':S«6:y::.,., .
•
,
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_.
o,:"vl" /','
'., ',' ',",?~':"';,'"
,
.,:
,.'"":,,,:':,
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.'"~;.::'~~~{,~::::,:,,.,;~,},~~':.~:,.~.:;:,~,",
..... 11.,S!c,t1Qn 7(c) rel,ates, '.s:tiot(j.ct.;·to,,,;i#:,9ll'~'~(~,,
··Whl~h·t~e.·pr~Bla'~~·~Sh.l1· 'have .·determltle~bei.QI,lg~·,i,;·~~j"i~·. ~'" ."
!"
"':':','"
'.'
( . . ' •• ~.,':
'
' ,':
O"j
.·····~)t~··e;9~~6~~i.tlr~,.td$8,tl'at ·.a!\1P~~~'ijq~~~;~~:~~~~~:>:
whos~ .'proper,ty
.a~.lz~d by.. tbe:C~:~~Qd.~:"'i~ti;~·Y·<"
ril&1:\'haVe':been
re cla1m h1:~' p~o:;'e'~~1' a~4 it within
1
\."1.,. •
. ,'..
.' p:'~,~;~:..grap~7.d~" ;:~lle
'8iX ty
'.. ' " ,
..
. ,. '.
. ' ..
'd~~' i~~::,6'i~:·t~'i8/"~';' ". ','
: .:./ ...\.:
.,'
A·
·~a~~!~lfrrii~~~[~~,,,~~.
,
t~~f~;e~3~;?~<1l, ':!f.r~~~~f"ri,ra" .
,/le,ld .
tlve:-. and .• e~~,:r:~i1.,l(~d~'· .4··su1,t>"by·a! peif,8ori..' ,Q.lallaih,. ·to·"bW';'an· ..
".:>:: ";'
,'...".
:; .
.' ';'..... :. ,-:.:..., ' , ' ':__
" " :". '
,
o~:".
,'J
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'
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'"
;
,' . . :.
:'
:, :,"' --:
."':'.,."
,';':,
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':." .:,,::." ..: ~'-~:':':':<"',',
., /
.... ~e;-,~can:ror'the recovery ot. proP'el'fty.,whlcll· h~4b:eentake,n ...
"~Y'i,'~~~';:¢tl8t~tli$It."
•••. "
~:
..'
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. ",
,';", ~~,,:>,.,
.'
i_
"', ·Seetl·6n7;.pi9vlde~1 l1a'-~e;.. hitvenote4' .,th~t :t"ih~'soie .
,
'
'"
','
, ' ; . ",
- . ' .. ;','i ,,<:~
,
, "
"'"
'. refl~th.f'. anfper:sQnl.lay1a.g. ~ny'·cl.ftA. to <enlprpp.erti·JJ~i~~:.· ..
,
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,
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····:·326881
���",X
,
"
Insert ,l5U:;I,,28,.
, '12_ "I~'the cas_of property v8~tedwid'er 5(b) "
the poaltlptla. regards right to return may b9aomewtiat '
,,different . tbal1where prop.rty has' been seize",'",••
.
.
,
propert1~\U'1d..r7(c).
.
;.":
.'
"
",
,,'
If the constlilctloilof5(b) which
.'
"
'"Inem,.
.ehtt.ve; ~doptea'above 'i8 8ound,then ves'tlngthereunder18, '
The' re,Ulatlonlt8e:tt·"
aier.iran act in a1d.ot reg\4at10A.
18 olll,. Itdur1ng"th$ ·t1me of 'war or during, ail7ct1;l.~per10ci.,
,
"
,
'
.
"
.
..,.c',
orn.tlontilemerg~,noy4eola.red b7 the Pr•• 1d.ntft.I~.o\lld
'"," -:.<,: ',.
,_"
.:" \')~;:';<"~~;'"
~. ',.
'
.. ;" .'.".~<'1·'.". " ,", ~:', .
. seerato U8 "t~,ere~I'."tba t ·when regula tlo,n Under, ~('b)Yla'8
1l0.";1~n&!,~:~~etil..{'~~~j'~~~he. faot~.t,.the.':tfme. wasJio
lOnger',
a "t1Jle ot war or Qtnatlonal 8.8r,-n0111 tbQpowe,r> at the ,
. eu8tod1an:
,
tQ,J~~i.d'p~op.rty
,
'~.'
vested. 1n, hIm under . 5(.b) ,would
.
.
eea.eand ,thia, p,rop.rty and 1 t. 1rieremen t, or,tbeprbce.d. ' '
....
........
..
,',
.
,
.,'
.:..:.:;
'
thereotassold,or11qu1d.. ted,.Sbouldpro~pt,~7:tt:\en,b.ra
turnable to the former
O"~.l'.
the. Supreme
It$n'luld,Perhapl be observed, that
.,
",a
h.lcltb~t'
th.w.:r (U~d nC)t:~la(i~,ult1tle&neutra~ Htoretur~ot' '
CO\\rt"'ln, ,the·,'lw18sInsuran;,. Qpm;,QX
.0&88,"
supra,
property 'WhIchha4 >been seized because or·." tecMle:al ' Renemjw
.
.
.
'.'.
,
. . . . .
"
~"'.
upon Section 12 to indioate that "QoDir.al, d14 notl'llttnct
t.hats.ucbair1cht
.:bou14
$x1&t". ,·Thati. the
,'pro-v-lde,.thatft!U'ter.the end ot the war any
a.ct1~rt whicb
cl~~
ot
'aJ,lJ",
enem1 or,Qtan allyotenemy 'tc?> aIl1,wo~e, orotberproperty,
,recelve4,and. heldb1 tbeallen, proper::ty ',custodian or 48P08-' "
. '
•
.'..
" .
•
-
.
•
pt,
1 ted 1n tbeUn1ted St8~..Trea·surY, "·sha.li 'be',
,
.
.
Congress shall'd1recttt •
.
':.'
!..,
,
set tl;ec1
•
aa
ItseeDistoU$ . clea~, th4 t in the
",326884
','
.
�"x,
'
case ot 5(b) no, such Intent.can be. imputed
toCon~ir~$'
be
caus~ 5(b) defllsnot:wlth "enemy" Froperty buiVtltbthe
property 'Of any foreign country or nat10nal thereot..There
.
.'
1s thUs no expres.sedCongreaslonal intent that the veet1ns
,
';
-
, . ,
"
"
'
"
undEllr5(b),' .hcnildcorit1nu~bhtl1 ."Co~gt'.~"She.ll direct lt '
-
rather1tseems to us that
:b~~·.~·
.
the
Congressional intent with
"
.
't':J;
.
"
.
,: "
.
::~
,
'.
.: .
respeot: t()·6(bf~i"i to be.. rO\l1tid~n .that section itself,,' ·:t:he
'.
...
.'.
'
-~
".;'" -
,"._,;
opt:t1;l~ng languageot.wh1ch 1s t'tJ)urlng the t1me or'waror, .
...:
durIng 'any
..
.
otb~r
'4'
-,.'
period' or natIon:al emerge.ncldeol.r:e.<.\. b7
thepr~sl~ent~ the·····
.
,"
.
.
1,.dent.m8Y" •
.. '
I .
I
.J
., -2.. ·
326885
'
��""""""
,
We
thu~conclud~
that inthe·case
or
"
.'
property
.
oV111edby
'
.
persons w1tbinenemy-occupiedterritory and vested,'
,,'.
~eturri:'~"tut
that SUCh': a right may arise with 'the terminatIon
the, warit;f' p'er1oddt emergenc'y.
or
'
",
"
,;
.,1,3., . ,In ,vieu ot ditferentrights w}l1ch' may arise,' .
llhether p'ro'p.rty ha8be'~11V(fsted
de'pendlngupon
wh~ch~eotl~n
or 7{oJ,: 1t1. reletatlt to consider
inVOked',:
~ti:.~tn~Cust~_,.
l.a.n&uage~sed
Tbe'
'.
In. the Custodian'" or4er" hila •....
I?()lt>ref~il~, aree~lli~oc~l
to'Sect1on5(~),'oth.er8,:',a~~:
on tbl Ii point, aneS, Y)'hile, they' ' . , .
1n.p~f~'lsniUage, drawn.tromSectlo~~{b), the;ya,ta.te'tll_t
seizure 1s ."\lnderthe authority cif' the Trad1ngw1thth~ ,
'.
.
use
,the
. -
.
.
.
.
'
am".nde4"JlndEExe cil;tiv ~Order
EneruyAe t,'as
, amende4;andPti~sti~~ttolt;wftiarid,;,t t
1~
Custodlahh.s"made. all determiXlat1oI18.
*
i.beia.,.
'.' :'"
expresslY:5t4iited to be 'x;urSuBnt
.~
<
Certain of h~svest.in.orders. are
.
.
varled. i"romt1m$to.t1me.
the,
under S(o)
-
. :" .:>'
** reqUIred})1.,:We bave
> '
•.
se.14:;:;Executlve
-'.
'
'
.
.'
,'
.. '
No ~90~f5"~.'
reci t~d
,>"
th~t tb~
a~d ,te.k.~n'~11a(!tiCin "
" " '-". "
Order or
Act ';or ,otherw~se1J •.
t9 wh~therth~ Cus'tq.~1tui
can nej-~-:,
seized 'under Sect1on7\1nt~':~'hls9rder ' "
d,rubtas'
"
after cla'1mto have
.
",'.
,
'.
,
.,\
'
. . ..'••
'
reel tea that there has peen adeterlillria. t~onb, thePreslden,t ' ',::'
(o~
by the'
'
Custod1an ash1s ag~ntr thatthE(prOperty ,:s~lze4"
~'7. "
.'
..
'
,
.
"
'.,
-
"
:
!nus t b~· a Ptlb11c,ly-expressedo,ne and ttuit in its'ab5etioe:"tl:!oe " " ,',
•• '
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.
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.
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.ve.t~ngwouldJaB. a matt~r of 1 ••', .be deemed to b,.,uni1e.·
,',
"
"
Sectlon5(bl.· The tact. If'8.lwe, b~i1.;'$1t l.'th,
,
r-.qt, ..'.
.'
"-:
thataqUitedifferent statu, •.ttacheato property ~e.1s.d,·
',"
. :.
':.,'
;':""
under 7(~)' and property vested. under. ··5(b).r.eQU1ret' tha.~,··th' ......... .
. ,
CU5toc11an make
o;Le,ar his eleotion.• '.;
'.:;
.""
,
low•• '
.&:.
the cl·..,.
The Custodian oouidselze·patefttsbelong1.111to
····:;,:..Ucut1.oiaelthel.. ~d.r· th~ PQw.rot.·
o.t firson,
Section' 5(b)
0," •• Otioi/7(c).·
"
,
..
.
"
a..In ~1tner event he 'i8 un4el"aduty.tc). oons~J'v•. ,,'
. t~••
valu~or:thepl'Op.u·tt ae1,.f.i, SUbjeotonl1to~~Ch~f1llS.~ ..... ,
nution.tncapltal.val~".lrlco.~<or ehang.::ot.;~o'fm' .thr0 uCh. ,8_141
. .
" .
';' " ' "
~
"
, :£" ,:.:.: !:"
I
ot.. 111t.,vr~p.rt1;'owritict,bY "erlcan~~;'" jnll.eSeotio~.12·:per- "
e
e..
.
,
..
.:~:~t~f~~~~b~:a::;~1:::~'*' 4~~t .d .... that' ·~~t~+- . . . . . . ' .
.• ' ". ·C~.'·11ter&'!./no
pre.sent ·rl.ghtto'recovery·otp,rop
·.'e;t~,'i:~~:f~~,d,',~~*f~"~~~f~i~);~ or ., (e )i'{'<f; '.",'''''
. '..
'. •D.' .' In :t)l~ ca••,~.ot prQperty
.' . • . .
.,;~,,(
, < : ":;
..
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..
V~$t.dUnd.~5(~);th~r •.. '
'~:,.:,;::~..
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..,.'.
.:>:,
i8 prob..}),l)'_ rlehttd', t.··:~e itora t1on, wlth . lts:ln9r.m.~t; .." .
itl wbate:v~r form1t .tbfjJl·'iS at the .end of thewar:?:rproolaimed
emergenc7.
I.
In the case
'otpropertYI~lr .any, ·se1z.d
,
..
'
.
under:···'
.
7.(b) therei! no r1ghtto retu:ruexc:$pt as Congre.8·~a7ber$-
after leg18late.
~
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326888···
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":' F. ' '. V;.tings unde~euch forma of' ordett;s8 we·· he.•• '.
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.
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....
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above alluded to wQUl4.propably be helc:i, as a matte:rotlaw" ,,'.
· ,tOD~ under 5(b).
'"
Ip concludIng, we desire ags1nto emphas1ze the,.'"
difficultyotco~ln,.t'odetin1 t1ve~.oonCl\l11on~th1~h
g,reat
,:!
"
ar,~'tre., tro148ubstant.1al doubt. ,We are,here dealing :,d~tJ1
,f
"<'.'i',;:"'.'
.",,,
.'
,.' .
.
. '
. e.#.,'~~twhl¢hwa •. origInally ,a~,opted
••••
.,
Wor~d.:Warl wli1ch'wll,.amended
:'
in rel.t1on·to~h~·P'1'r.t "
treq~e~t:.ll'
>
' " ,
durIng that war and:
"
..:;"::~&.'
:' I
.."
'.
.
. .-,
,,
....
".tM~'the,~; ame~,(r +dti~1n'the post-w4'-r. perIod, torefleot bur
t~en ri&tto~i polic' 'J
wh,1ch
'~"
1ia8reame~dec1'iJ):relat1onto."
'
",t~~','r15cal'emergenCT ot lS33.J "bl~h Wasl.. ~.'~ainreamende4,i1Vith '
1••:i14~1~n .; to . the "sltua t1~n '. tha t 0 xi s t:ed" d~l~i~: t~,•• :~~~i()d,:dt,···' .•. . '.
'~h~'S~CQn~ •. Wor:td.'wa~;·.Whl1e ·the.1)nltedS:tate•. ·~ii.··a'nEtut~ai~··
;.'
,;'.-
::-,
'
'
'andaie.ln·. ia.men~ed . 1mmed.1a.tely, arter·· our ","formal . entry '1:n~oth.:" '.
.
.,
.
''-
,"
'"
,
,"
'
.
.""
,
.
. SG~on(!Worldwar':All: ot' th1s h6.soc·curred w1 thout ·~nyr.-;' ..•..
. p••lor 'old ' provisions . ' .
. to/replace them,wlth neJr.' tllUI the' . ,"
, ',.,;':)",',' " ,
,'
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preselltenac'tinenta•.1 t starichJ on the et&tut.'book';retl~ot. •.•.' .
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.soletes! tua tiona ,~r~r~(!(jncI1~&t~Qhot ·th,Wllolo .• 1,8' moat': .' .',;
dlf.d.oul t. ' ,therels!' nOjUdi~I~~'~riterpr~t:ati~fi~oa14 us 'ex.- .
. '. ',.,
, .. .';' ': . .t'" ',. :'","::~. ./ ':,~ .::::', : '~' ',:,; .:~,' :~',' :;~,: .»: ~/ .' - ,.":. ~.~.: . '. '"
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tbat·.ere;)'renaereC11b~telatlon::to .theFlrlltWorld.:r
ceptU10'.
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•
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.
.
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and 1 t. ':~~.f te,rtn~ttl,,a.ndal!:thq8. ~nly{d~altW1:t~'. co.para t! '9'elY.'.
~~ '::':L:'~:: )
< ,", :;.,' :,~: ~,.:.. ~~,.;:., ....~~" .' "~I ~
:.',;.>~.," '< ,:'. :':>,'?-_ ~'~" '. <\~~;'~.;,;, '. / }~: :/·-!,'r,.~(::.,
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,
teli' quO~ti~~8' 'the 'oplnl'dn'a'arettiiinnsfJlves not""~i~::"'~'r'e,coru~~le~
The oni;; ,s~gIll.f1ea+lt
JUd1C!lal" d~~1$10p1.nrele.'t1ont~,tbe
"'1,'
'"
.. ':
,'.-
"
...
"
:;;;, ,
Aot.
�whiOh
.s 1tnowstant.is 'is' that lnthe 'P't!2get case,'
so far
ba8,,'l)et:ln'd~Clc1ed ,only by
'a,:' court , of" f1rs:t ,instance. ," Future,
be
made 'in relotlonto specific cases •
deols1ons'wl111U:ely
,,and 'may , nof !nYolveailyc,oos1d.ered 'viell of: the
.
Act aa' a
.
' " .
wh,ol~:.. '," Thi1J ln~reas.lth~' likelihood ',tha t the' ul tlma:t. '
"'. C~UJ"'de01Sl,Q~I"l' not coincide w1 ththeYlcn"~' we have
.'
"
,"
',".
,here'expre•••<1:.: ' ,
•
"'.
.
'
of'
a~tellpted
the,:p~.slblecon'$.de,ra- ,.':"
,tiion$tororagalnst alternatl v.views. :'We,ha\lieoDlt
.. :
pre.'.c1'~h'o's.~1cbseeril
/,
"
,
ln~.thl.,,~~~~.~(hUIl~:::' ~~!xhaU' tall
,
,
~
point out that we 'hAve not
Wetilrther
,
"
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to us
ex.
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•
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t,o~,thf!mO'$tslgnlri~..p.,t:~\,i: ",
cont~bll1D'. ,Ma.n1 8Ub81dl,.rrConSlder•.t~,pnseoui'd be: "/
a4(1ucedbut~tlle7~~i11d.riot.~"i~: our6p1n1obj . a.l,ter the.br~ad;
.. '.'
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and
i
.',.
/ CQn:clusi"ons
.
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to Wnleb ,'VIe. h~ v."
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. ....... :..
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:: In'..9urina1n: memorandum y;e expresse~/tll~ vle.. th~t,
Custodla~'lla.s' a ,duty to ,conserve the val'ue
the
'
of ,thepr.opel;!$y .
';:
,
(
".
.
"
r~gu~a;tiQl:i: bfl:1!feprope;rty. ,
'owned' by Aulerl~8:~8~' .• ,p'()~s1ble ' , :
.
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'.
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exc~,ptlon 1·8., thtougb exerc1se .of the power of ~hePtes1dEuit
under 12,.
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wbic~ ,p~w~r, he'
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.', p1.1cable to property taken
'
und,er.,
,
'e~:ep.. :~f'~)';~ind.eed, 1 ,'"
'.":.,:,,:,,,
has not yet sought to' use ;and
',.
..... '
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'appllca,ble at all ,t0p.rQ,p'~rtin6,t owned'
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.the
:I:nt:acf~.,
'
Cus~Qd1an is l;cen$~I?:~p~tetl.~'.r,oialt.Y~
·•. 1:~:~:O:n:~:;d:!::!O:~: . ::y:~:~:d~t~:~~!~~~:~:~:~~it:: • .• .
J
the:'b~~:la{<>f .pre~k.:1.i1hg.'.cOJI1merc1al<pf~ci,tlc.e 'wiil . be, ch&.rged":~·:
.
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···our
.todlan.:l1a.s lawful' autb.Q~1:ty to.~.J:;tq1s.
. •. ·h.J.n~~,':6~"ev~r,~~~~~~~tW~t.th~r~;i~ar1f~e),~
.'
.. ;avaflable. "Qij;~t. 'e.pa,~t· _ froDta.ny\·'J;,et~:l>r~ght,i. '~l1e::..form;er
: '. ':':
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o.'me,,..~! . be·iW!~i·~I\~~~C~UP"f~:C%FtPi!?~:r".not
themseJ...ves tq d,o '·any~fng.
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.:.,' \.:~.,;:.
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~·~?J~~ilt ..
'~b-~. Nethe:rJ..arui~ ,GoverQmen~,
L.r- : :.
..:~. J,.':"
'
.
. ',:. ' :t:·(\i..,
.. qu.~j; ,
..
t·
.:,
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�appear to'
no.+~gI11st~n4!~flg·S1nCe, as we unde,rste;nd.,·· the .' .
have
Royal NetherlaI14.DQ'cr~.',~renot 'constriledby th.atG9vern-···
.
".
.
....
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ment as vest1:ng1n'thE!JDt1tie .to the patent~'otNetherlanda ..
..
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.
.
.
.,
.
,
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subj'ects In'OermJln~oeCupied ter~1~ory •
.':, If' theNeth~·r).~ndsoWn,erswere!ph7.1cally~ble : to
...... ' . '
..
,'....
.
,
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prosec~te for rel1et,there wo~i4st111 ,be:8ra~e>doub~ as. to
, any .leg(ll ·r.emedybej,nk;.,a11tiplet~~em.: '..Buit . might.," .or
.
.
.
.
.:
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cours": i be'.' brought . agaln~lt·thei r~yaitl~1,';r'e.l1censees . to
.
..
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torce them to pa~~eaaonable, royaltj,e. ..'·;tt;18~e~ CloUbttuJ,;:,,:
hOWe~'1rV~.u~ •.... ,< It;~Ou1d~ucQ;ed.· ''I:hey
have
d,alt
W1tli:th~person (~he:'Custodlan)' wh~ ~d\1bltablY ha81egal ..
tltle:~· . Th~ "rang 1,1tallY ,would' bea,clVtongdonenot' by'
licensee,. ·.but e1the~bythe Un1ted .f)tat,e.·aoverl1rn~ritor by
. .
.
:.
." ".
'\' " . '
'.:
the
, the~ustoO:ianpersona"lly •
~
..
-
····e
The Gov.er~ent cannoiibct:)11l.!iij;,-w1thoutlts· consent,
;ij~:~~:::r1=i:f~;\::;e;:~=~• .:1:::i:::;e:~::~~ea •.
"
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"
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a\W~()J1gtuf conri$.c~tionh~~·6Cq,~~r.4' t~!ifithe·cla1in:·would· b.;';::·.. .
iL·:~.,·;,·
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p;J..~~<1.
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.
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1nt\J~1;.~ i>Ot¥fQht~"'~t~ exp.. e~. orh;;... ....
8u<:!hcla1ms~':s.ound1~~;1n:to;rt~l'ft.;.itcludedby the,'
).."
.
.' aQ,t16n~ga1ns t the C~s·t()d1aIlt'n. :hi•.1nd~vidtial capac1 ty. . .Ilow~:
. ,.
.
~".
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.
e~e'r, · whenaperson:tuu; •~ct'ed;£lrall :'~fti.cial.in a. bona
etiortto~"cft:s;~h~_rg,,~."~~~uti~'~ ri~d )Vi th~~t
fAdli •.........
.per$oPl.llproti
t,~().:~
"
3·2689.2
..
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"
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h1ms~lf, 'th~ courtsareve;r:y 'reluctant to holdb.1m:personally
:.'.
, llable ',even though it. may bethelr vie! that,th~'laWbe1tig
doubtful, he h~S, 1Ilf.a~t,acted lllegally. 'Ftlrthermore, '
thep;rac't1calrel1ef .
that' could' be obtained ln this
'
,
~
:
.
' '
;.
.
. '
'
"
way
would.·
, dou~tle88be :relatlvely unsubstantial.
Injtinct:1vere11efm1ght In· theory be ava11abl.e.,
HO~~V$~"thlS
,prior ·,to tliedoing
,
".
.'.
'
sou~t.
type ,of, relief to be obta1,ned' must .be'
._:,
'of'
ot.
the· a.ct compla1ned
Thu8,: ltthe ' ,
f9l:'lnerowne~,()f8/ve8tec1 Netherland8patentknew of a proposed,'
.',
....
ro;ya:tty~t;-ree11cen}
of hls' pa.tent hemight,lf' he actef1 , .'
p.rpm.Ptly,su~CeSSrU11Y enJoin the CustQdlan from ,auch licens1rtg.
,1le~eJ again, it 1s, however,academlc to consider . the avail· "
apl11ty,ot such injUnctlve relj~ef since, ,as a practical.matter,'
,
,
,
the owner lnthe,Netherlands cannot :acttoenJo1n the 11cene;ing.
.
,
,
.
';,
'
I.D'view ot',"thi"s practlcalsl~tion wethlnk.1:t riot' worth
Whl1eto' ex\piess ~ny' ~onsld~redjudgmEmt. astowhe'ther or not'
.
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,.'e,
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,
'
'
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or course,po~,ilble, that.sO!1epract~cal
.,'
:It is,
r'ellef .
.....
might be obtained thrbughpers~ad#~the cu"todi~n to'aome'
voluntary change of' policy.
A,~ead1ngot ,the: :piibl1she'd' state
, menta of the .Custodian and a. st1i<1Yof' ,thevarl0u,s.esting'
orders :wh1ch
.
','
to. his
..
he
has issued indicate' . that . 'he, .1s in dou.bta8,.
'.
:' .
. '
',;(;' ~ .;"
.'
'.
,
'
~:,~
. ,"
and ;proper policy' a~aga1ris t. per'sons 'who, 11#~
pOWel's,
•
rl
, Netherlands nationals~are' "ene+pie,~rionlyln ahlghlr 'tech- .
, . ,<','~1c'al:,sense;~ '.'"
~
;'fIe
., .... ! '
l¥1,S{~ j:ndeeC:;,'ih":A1.~~'aJemeiit-}.of: POl.l~Y:
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·3,26893
-'.,
said
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th~t
: , , . :,:,
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. . '
'
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•
of.patent{fI,'b~10nglng
the ttdlsposition
.
.'
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to' na:tlonalf3, :Qt "',«"
.,'
,
. countries occupied by the enemy w,il,l,',be the subject of' dis";
, ..
,
,;'"
cU5s1on, between this Goverrun.~nt and,.;thegoverl'unent's· 1n .
•
,
•
-'.
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,
.'"
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.
-
exile' of. these countries". ' ' ". Th1$."~l1ggeststhat.lf·' the
.
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,
.
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"
;'
~
.
\
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,
matter. were takf7n up promptlyw~ththe,pust.od1~~,before ,his'
... ", .
policies
are
furtherc;rYsta.il~~~d',~nd,,1.rrevooliblY,carrled .
..
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I~~[he:~b~~h>e~Of' 't~lie,{~,:~~.I'~U~P'·· some·agre~men~, •.·'... ' .'
appears t'hst there may :be' ,a:stron.g .
wi ththeCust'odiart ,
"<':"'",
·:,9,a.se':rbr
......
dl Plom~~.J·..• .~.'(!, 're~~eseXl~.a.,#~?h~~
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", ..•'. ':~e:·p~obI~UiOf.·'Ooiiection
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of
::,',"':.]<::,,':' ;',.,
....
mis~ing personlJ.t'asse't~::,iIl.the.
U~it ed$t..t~8(a;~de. fr61l1 :t:lIco"'e17of lQc,ted. secu.:;t,tili~ 'O~;~¥~~~; •
.peis:c>nsj::thu~appeaI's~6 have two
··:.~~i.ch·lia.ve be~nrelease~from
'theoperationo~
"
'
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::
American freeZing. oontrol~8,I1~::i~~~;i;:'·,}:.:~:
tl1e,Royal Decree
,
.
.
fundamerital·asp~otst,~t:{~)it~~~t~:i,::;
of
May 24,.1940
.
' .. W·h1c~ rem~in b~ocked andwhioh presumably will
~d:
be
. ···:,u:p.ite'd,States TrellsUrY bythedepositar1es on or before
:oIl .. l!"'oPn .TFRt!J600.
'.
Ca)
As we have previously advised you in our lettei'oi
2, 1948 and as discussed with Professor B:re~steinan:~
of
Dr~posthUma,it 'see~:to ~,de8irable to have theoollec:tion
. "". 'assets.of; miSS~g:pe;~'ons. 'afli~"dY ,:unblocked andrele~se4 from;the'
.
~\'1~;~~~~~~~Z!i~~~~~~:~r£~~1~2~b:~:~~::~:~!:::C:P:".
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<:"make "speoi'al 'aiTa~gementswithNew.YOrk9.ePb~it~i,8f1W'l:th . a.Vi~w,:
·'·dec~ea~ihgthe'·rlsk.of
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8chrlft,n van een memor~:ildum betreffende de .werk';" .
zaamheden .verrlcht door de. Heren SuII 1 V8.n& . .
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. Cromwell' met betrekklng ·tot bovengerio.ide vermogena..;:·
bestanddelen, .elk atuk t'ev~ns eenr~iport lnhoudt
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. Department" 'Van de,; Chase Natlonal Bank of the Clty
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_\ 1'91dende: ~O~'.ovember
1949'Mr. vanf;,oen.. on:> ,<:
'the. occaslon" of a vli1lt to He. lork',advleed" Mr·~~· "~ ..,
Broderick that Sulllv.an'& Crom.ellshould take no
f;urther ac~lon wlth respect to mi.elng persona
..
matters Inasmuch as they had beenreterred to an." "'other offlce In New York, Abberlej,Bryde, KooIman,
McFall & Amon", n1.t de julate toedracht van zaken
teruggeeft,.aangezlende Heer van Loen, gelljk )iaar
reed. in mIjn bovengenoemde.brlefgemeld, de Heer
Broderickte'kftnnen' gat" <lilt de Hee.r L.F. Jansen cie
onderhavlge aangelegenh.;lcr.l~ bebandel1:ng had en
d,at het. daarom aanbevelenswaardlg was, dat de Heren
SullIvan. & Cromwell,~ vo,orloplg althana - hun ..
bemaeleniemet deze aangelegenheidzo~den staken•
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o,nder dagteke n1ngvari)"9])ecemberjl.:~art.:4~.H,~r~n
A.W •. Dull~s;·en Broderick' ultse'bI'acht<v;.r81..s~.;b~t';"'.,·· .
we lk de fill: yiiln 'h~t memo randurit;;l1l.t:~~i~·, ··p.e)j}j.~,;,;.Jllg~':.··
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citizens' arid residentso'f the Netherlands who' had disappeared
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t'nvest1gation of the applicable law. made at
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'In "AUgust-
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194f7 we
Jansen, .the New'Yo;k 'agent'
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tection.'toan~111ary admin1stratorfJ,;':1i',wOuld b~ ti:tti1cult<to
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'. r~si)ect' t.o.:ithe great bulk of' mis81'ngpe~';s(jl1S ,ce.s~'s),·,·
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,February,- 5, 1947., Thil$ r,epOr't, ~.8: act,ad on and app~v~d.: '"
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets
Description
An account of the resource
<p>The Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets in the United States, formed in 1998, was charged with investigating what happened to the assets of victims of the Holocaust that ended up in the possession of the United States Federal government. The final report of the Commission, <a href="http://govinfo.library.unt.edu/pcha/PlunderRestitution.html/html/Home_Contents.html"> “Plunder and Restitution: Findings and Recommendations of the Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets in the United States and Staff Report"</a> was submitted to President Clinton in December 2000.</p>
<p>Chairman - Edgar Bronfman<br /> Executive Director - Kenneth Klothen</p>
<p>The collection consists of 19 series. The first fifteen series of the collection are composed mostly of photocopied federal records. These records were reproduced at the National Archives and Records Administration by commission members for their research. The records relate to Holocaust assets created between the mid 1930’s and early 1950’s by a variety of U. S. Government agencies and foreign sources.</p>
<p>Subseries:<br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Art+and+Cultural+Property+">Art and Cultural Property</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Gold+">Gold</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Gold+Team+Review+Form+Binders+">Gold Team Review Form Binders</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Art+and+Cultural+Property+and+%E2%80%9COthers%E2%80%9D+Review+Form+Binders">Art and Cultural Property and “Others” Review Form Binders</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Non-Gold+Financial+Assets+Review+Form+Binders">Non-Gold Financial Assets Review Form Binders</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=History+Associates+Binder+">History Associates Binder</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Non-Gold+Financial+Assets+Review+Form+Binders+%282%29">Non-Gold Financial Assets Review Form Binders (2)</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Financial+Assets+Documents">Financial Assets Documents</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=RG+84%2C+Foreign+Service+Posts+of+the+State+Department%E2%80%94Turkey">RG 84, Foreign Service Posts of the State Department—Turkey</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Financial+Assets+Documents">Financial Assets Documents</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?search=&advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=%5BJewish+Restitution+Successor+Organization+%28JRSO%29%2C+Oral+Histories%5D&range=&collection=20&type=&user=&tags=&public=&featured=&exhibit=&submit_search=Search+for+items">[Jewish Restitution Successor Organization (JRSO), Oral Histories]</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=PCHA+Secondary+Sources">PCHA Secondary Sources</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Researcher+Notes">Researcher Notes</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Unnumbered+Documents+from+Archives+II+and+Various+Notes">Unnumbered Documents from Archives II and Various Notes</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=RG+260%2C+Finance+Inventory+Forms">RG 260, Finance Inventory Forms</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reparations">Reparations</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Chase+National+Bank">Chase National Bank</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Administrative+Files">Administrative Files</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Art+%26+Cultural+Property+Theft">Art & Cultural Property Theft</a></p>
<p>Topics covered by these records include the recovery of confiscated art and cultural property; the reparation of gold and other financial assets; and the investigation of events surrounding capture of the Hungarian Gold Train at the close of World War II. These files contain memoranda, correspondence, inventories, reports, and secondary source material related to the final disposition of art and cultural property, gold, and other financial assets confiscated during the Holocaust.</p>
<p>For more information concerning this collection consult the<a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/show/35992"> finding aid</a>.</p>
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
<a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/show/35992" target="_blank">Collection Finding Aid</a>
<a href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/1040718" target="_blank">National Archives Catalog Description</a>
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
2954 folders
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Original Documents with Bates Numbers] [1]
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets in the United States
Art & Cultural Property Theft
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Box 216
<a href="http://clintonlibrary.gov/assets/Documents/Finding-Aids/Systematic/Holocaust-Assets.pdf" target="_blank">Collection Finding Aid</a>
<a href="http://catalog.archives.gov/description/6997222" target="_blank">National Archives Catalog Description</a>
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Adobe Acrobat Document
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Medium
The material or physical carrier of the resource.
Reproduction-Reference
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
6/24/2013
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
6997222-original-documents-with-bates-numbers-1
6997222