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Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
Clinton Library
DOCUMENT NO.
AND TYPE
DATE
SUBJECTfflTLE
RESTRICTION
001. notes
re: Helen (partial) (1 page)
06/30/2000
P61b(6), b(7)(C), b(7)(F)
002. notes
re: Helen (partial) (1 page)
07/06/2000
P61b(6), b(7)(C), b(7)(F)
COLLECTION:
Clinton Presidential Records
Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets in the U.S.
Art & Cultural Property Theft
OAlBox Number: 40419
FOLDER TITLE:
[Skwirot, Robert - Financial Assets Team Note~
jp84
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - 144 U.S.c. 2204(a)1
Freedom of Information Act - 15 U.S.c. 552(b)1
National Security Classified Information l(a)(I) ofthe PRAI
Relating to the appointment to Federal office l(a)(2) ofthe PRAI
Release would violate a Federal statute l(a)(3) of the PRAI
Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
financial information l(a)(4) of the PRAI
P5 Release would disclose confidential advise between the President
and his advisors, or between such advisors la)(5) of the PRA)
P6 R,eleasc would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy l(a)(6) of the PRA]
bel) National security classified information I(b)(l) of the FOIA)
b(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of
an agency l(b)(2) of the FOIA]
b(3) Release would violate a Federal statute l(b)(3) of the FOIA)
b(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
information [(b)(4) ofthe FOIA]
b(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy l(b)(6) of the FOIAI
b(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes l(b)(7) of the FOIA)
b(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIAI
b(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
concerning wells l(b)(9) of the FOIAI
PI
P2
P3
P4
C. Closed in acco'rdance with restrictions contained in donor's deed
of gift.
PRM. Personal record misfile defined in accordance with 44 U.S.c.
2201 (3).
RR. Document will be reviewed upon request.
�·
. l'··i~
REPROOUCEOATTHENATIONALARC~"e9:
n
I) ,~
Under the gold policy ofthe United States. effective January 31, 1934, the Secretary of
the Treasl.U)' was allowed to purchase gold through the Exchange Stabilization Fund,
regardless ofthe origin of the gold, as long as it met strict standards of fmeness, shape,
form, and appearance.
Between 1938-1940, the Nazis seized monetary gold from the central banks of Europe.
As of 1939, they began confiscating gold items from their victims, first in Germany, then
in Austria, Czechoslovakia, and before long from throughout occupled Europe. These
items and the gold bars oflooted central banks were then remelted and sold to foreign
central banks in exchange for bard currency.
.
Some of these remelted bars and coins were sold to the Swiss National Bank, the Bank of
England, the Bank of France, the Netherlands Bank, the National Bank of Belgiwn., and
the Bank ofItaly between 1939 and 1940. These bars and coins were shipped as Swiss,
British, French, Dutch, Belgian: and Italian bars to the Federal Reserve Bank of New
York on earmark in the accounts oftbese foreign central banks. They were remelted into
US Assay Office bars at the US Assay Office. The Secretary of the Treasury then
purchased these bars through the Exchange Stabilization Fund and incorporated them into
the monetary reserves of the United States.
The types of bars most likely to contain victim gold were the Prussian Mint bar and the
Degussa bar. Since the FRBNY accepted Prussian Mint bars as early as 1939, the
FRBNY allowed bars containing victim gold to be deposited in its vaults either 011
earmark and then remelted as US Assay bars containing victim gold for purchase by the
Exchange Stabilization Fund. Between 1945 and 1955, the Treasury and the Federal
Reserve Bank of New York applied a different stalldard to Prussian Mint bars, treating
them not like any ordinary bar, establishing restrictions on their purchase by the US
govemrncnt, acting as if they were tainted.
Between 1950 and] 955, the United States Treasury purchased at least 360
Prussian Mint bars (valued at about $5,000,000 at $35 per troy ounce).
In 1957, the US Treasury agreed to purchase 2,536 Prussian Mint and Degussa
bars from earmarked accounts at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (valued at about
$35,000,000 at $35 per troy ounce offine gold).
In 1938, the gold stocks ofthe Reichsbank were estimated at SIOO million (1945
.dollars).
In 1939, the Nazis stole an estimated $49 million from Czechoslovakia, Poland,
and the Bank of Danzig (1945 dollars). In 1940, the Nazis transferred illegally to the
Reichsbank an estimated $30 million from Holland and Belgium. Therefore, the Nazis
stole between 1939 and 1940 an' estimated total of $79 million of gold from European
central banks (1945 dollars).
�\.'"
"
REPRODUCED AT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES;
~
A-
(""~v
,~
~~
indireLy
.
The Exehange Stabiliz ion Fund
purehased at the verymo,t $12
million of looted and victim g J.d, (1945 dol1a~') from the eannarked accounts of the
foreign central banks ofEuro e at the Federa!l Reserve Bank ofN~w York.
Aftertbe Second Wo d War, the T~'"'Partite Commission for the Restitution of
,
Monetary Gold (TGC) dis . uted $92,880 023.15 ($35 per troy ounce) of gold bars to
claima11t countries that er suspected of 'ontain~ictim gold. Since 1945, at leasHen
per cent of those bars (Prussian Mint and Degussa bars) were shipped for sale to the
Federal Reserve Bank of New York for sale to the United States Exchange Stabilization
Fund after 1945, or $9,288,002.31 ($35 per troy ounce). After 1968, these bars would
have been sold at whatever the price of gold was on the open market.
'
7
'
�1476
CONFERENCE DOCUMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY PAPERS
(10) We do not intend that the Japanese shall be enslaved as a race
or destroyea as [a] nation, but stern justice shall be meted out to all
war criminals, including those who have visited cruelties upon our
prisoners. The Japanese government shall remove all obstacles to
the revival and strength[en]ing of democratic tendencies among the
Japanese people. Freedom of speech, of religion, and of thought, as
well as respect for the fundamental human rights shall be established.
(11) Japan shall be permitted to maintain such industries as will
sustain her economy and permit the exaction of just reparations in
kind, but not those industries which would enable her to re-arm for
war. To this end, access to, as distinguished from control of raw
materials shall be permitted. Eventual Japanese participation in
world trade relations shall be permitted.
(12) The occupying forces of the Allies shall be withdrawn from
Japan as soon as these objectives have been accomplished and there
has been established in accordance with the freely expressed will of the
Japanese people a peacefully inclined and responsibie government.
(13) We call upon the Government of Japan to proclaim now the
unconditional surrender of all the Japanese armed forces, and to pro
vide proper and adequate. assurances of their good faith in such action.
The alternative for Japan is prompt and utter destruction.
POTSDAM July 26, 1945
HARRY S TRUMAN
WINSTON CHURCHILL
by H. S. T.
PRESIDENT OF CHINA
by wire. 5
PROTOCOL OF PROCEEDINGS AND COMMUNIQuE, AP
PROVED BY THE HEADS OF GOVERNMENT OF THE
UNITED STATES, THE SOVIET UNION, AND THE UNITED
KINGDOM
PROTOCOL OF PROCEEDINGS
EDITOR'S N OTE.-The text of the Protocol, as released to the public
by the Departmentof State on March 24, 1947,1 was developed in
three distinct stages, as follows:
Stage 1. From the preparation of a draft Protocol by the Protocol
Subcommittee of the Conference to the end of the Conference. Ac
cording to the minutes of the Thirteenth Plenary Meeting, August
1,1945 (ante, page 596), the three Heads of Government merely signed
_Htop copies" to which the perfected texts of the Protocol were to be
. attached, and appointed a committee, consisting of a representative
of each of the three Delegations, to "compare texts".\a The United
States original of the Protocol as it left the Conference (i. e., the text
as it stood at the end of Stage 1) consists of a one-sentence "top
document", dated August 1, 1945, and signed by Stalin, Truman
and Attlee, to which there is fastened by a wire staple the "Protocoi
of the Proceedings of the Berlin Conference", part of which is type
written and part of which is in mimeographed form, and on the
face of which a number of manuscript changes and corrections had
been made. The text printed below is the text as it stood at the end
of Stage 1. lb
Sta~e71. After the United States original of the Protocol reached
Washmgton, but before its text was publicly released, it became
apparent that certain editorial corrections had not been made and
that certain decisions of the Heads of Government with respect to
the Protocol and the Communique had not been reflected in changes
in the Protocol. A number of changes falling within these categories
were then made on the United States original of the Protocol.
Stage 3. Immediately before the publication of the Protocol in a
Department of State press release, the United States text of the Pro
tocol was checked against a British text of the same document, and
& The last two "signatures" are in Truman's handwriting.
In the copy referred
to in footnote 2, ante, which also bears three "signatures" in Truman's handwrit
ing, the second appears as "Winston Churchill by authorizatioll H. S. T." This
copy has no place or date. For Churchill's authorization, see document No. 1249,
For Ghiang's concurrence, see document No. 1251.
I
{
"i
j
I
1
'j
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]
I Department of State press release No. 238 of March 24, 1947, as corrected
by a sheet of corrigenda of the same date.
lA Assistant Secretary of State James Clement Dunn represented the United
States on the committee to" compare texts" A copy of the Protocol (without the
one-sentence "top document") bearing manuscript changes a.nd corrections,
many of them in Dunn's handwriting, is in the Department's files (file No.
740.00119 Potsdam/8-245). Many of the changes and corrections entered on
this copy (hereafter referred to as Dunn's working copy of the Protocol) were not,
however, entered at Babelsberg on the Uniten States original of the Protocol, i.e.,
the copy to which the signed "top document" was stapled, although it was pre
sumilbly intended thRt they were to be so entered.
Ib In identifying the Stage 1 text the editors used a photostatic copy of the
United States original made in the Department of State on November 5, 1946,
before the Stage 2 changes had been made on that document.
1477
�1478
CONFERENCE DOCUMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY PAPERS
further changes were introduced to bring the United States text into
harmony with the British text. These changes, however, were not
entered on the face of the United States original.
The text printed below (the text as it stood at the end o(Stage 1)
is annotated to show (a) manuscript changes made on the signed orig
inal during Stage 1 and (b) changes introduced in Stages 2 and 3.10
LIT FUes
No. 1383
Berlin, August 1, 1945.
Protocol of the Proceedings of the Berlin Conference
I.
t
BERLIN, August 1, 1945. ld
There is attached hereto the agreed protocol of the Berlin Con
ference.
n. CTAJIlIH 2
HARRY S TRUMAN 3
C. R. ATTLEE4
There is attached hereto tbl agreed pro
tocol of the Berlin Conference.
[Attachment].
1t, ~~t
PROTOCOL OF THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE BERLIN CONFERENCE
;-r
The Berlin Conference of the Three Heads of Government of the
U. S. S. R., U. S. A., and U. K., which took place from July 17 to
August 1/1945, came to the following conclusions:
I. ESTABLISHMENT OF A COUNCIL OF FOREIGN MINISTERS.
6 The Conference reached the following agreement for the establish
ment of a Council of Foreign Ministers to do the necessary preparatory
work for the peace settlements:
"(1) There shall be established a Council composed of the Foreign
IQ Except that variations in punctuation, spelling, and capitalization which
occurred In Stage 3, and minor variations in Stage 3 which were obviously the
result of typographical errors, have not been annotated.
.
In the footnotes which follow, an asterisk (*) indicates that the United States
text, as changed, is in harmony with the text published by the British Government
in 1947. A dagger 0) indicates that the United States text, as changed, is in
harmony with the Russian text published by the Soviet Government in 1955.
(For full citations to the British and Soviet texts referred to, see ante, pp. XXIX,
xxx.) There remain, however, both editorial and substantive differences
between the United States, British, and Soviet texts. Attention is called to the
principal remaining substantive differences in the footnotes which follow.
Id So dated, although this "top document" was apparently not signed until a
few minutes after midnight, i.e., until August 2. See ante, p. 596, footnote 38.
The texts of the Protocol published by the British and Soviet Governments do not
include this "top document", and they place the signatures and dateline after
annex II at the end of the Protocol. In the British text the dateline reads,
"Berlin, 2nd August, 1945." In the Soviet text it reads, in translation, "Berlin,
1 August 1945."
2 I. Stalin.
Changed in Stage 3 to "JoseRh V. Stalin",
3 Changed in Stage 3 to "Harry Truman .
4 At this point in the United States original is a seoond page with the identical
text printed above, but without the signatures.
.
6 Changed in Stage 3 to II Angust 2". *t
o "A." introduced at the beginning of this paragraph in Stage 2. *t
~
C,,( ~t>.>
SIGNEt>
"Top
DOCUMENT" ATTACHED TO THE PROTOCOL OF PROCEEPINGS OF
THE BERr.lN CONFERENCE
(Facing page 1478)
�PROTOCOL OF PROCEEDINGS
B
II»..
EQON(J.!IC PRlNCI.PLlIiS
III order to el1m1uate Germany'" war pot_tiel, the prodUction
aims, liIXIII1UI11tion a:tld 1mplem.entS
01'
01' 1IIIIr as well ae all t7])as 01' air
cratt 8114 sea-goill8 shlps shall be prohiblted ad prevented.
Product 10n
01' metals, chemIcals. machinery SlId other ~temJI that are directlr IISce"",
sery to a war economy shell be rigldlr controlled _d restricted to
Ge1'lll8l1:y t s approved POst-war peacet1mill needs to lDget the objecthes etatod
1n Paragroph
1(
Product1ve capacIty DOt needed tor pemitted produc
tion shell be removed 111 accordance with the reparatiollll plan recom
manded by the Allied Colllll1es10n on Reparatiol18 and approved by the GOv
emmsnts concerned or it not nQQved Bhall be deetro1'>d.
I;L:::r.
At the earliest practicable date, the GeM economy Bhe.l.l
be decentreliZed tor the purpose ot el1mil1Stlng the present excessive
concentretion ot economic power as exempl1t1ed in pSl:'1;lcular by cartels,
. syndIcates. tl'llets SlId other 1Il0llOpol1"Uc arrangements.
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In Orgllll 1Z1118 the Ge= ECOllOl:l:1, pr1mar.y emphasIs' shall be
giTell to the develo.illlllnt ot agriculture III1d peacetul domestic industr1s,,_
13.
A
j
PAGE FROM THE UNITED STATES ORIGINAL OF THE PROTOCOL OF PROCEEDINGS
OF THE BERLIN CONFERENCE
A page from section II of the Protocol, showing (a) the deletion of the head
ing and the correction of paragraph numbers, done in black pencil on the original
in Stage 1, and (b) the introduction of the indicator "B" in the heading and the
deletion of one sentence of text, indicated in red pencil on the original in Stage 2.
(Faclng page 1479)
1479
Ministers of the United Kingdom, the Union of Soviet Socialist Re
publics, China, France and the United States.
.
. . (i) The Council shall normally meet in London, which shall be
permanent seat of the joint Secretariat which the Council will
form. Each of the Foreign Ministers will be accompanied by a high
ranking Deputy, duly authorized to carryon the work of the Council
in the absence of his Foreign Minister, and by a small staff of technical
advi[sJers.
(ii) The first meeting of the Council shall be held in London not
later than September 1st 1945. Meetings may be held by common
agreement in other capitals as may be agreed from time to time.
(3) (i) As its immediate important task, the Council shall be author
ized to draw up, with a view to their submission to the United N atioTIS,
treaties of peace with Italy, Rumania, Bulgaria, Hungary and Finland,
and to propose settlements of territorial questions outstanding on the
termination of the war in Europe. The Council shall be utilized for
the preparation of a peace settlement for Germany to be accepted by
the Government of Germany when a government adequate for the
.
purpose is established.
(ii) For the discharge of each of these tasks the Council will be
composed of the Members representing those States which were
signatory to the terms of surrender imposed upon the enemy Stat.e
concerned. For the purposes of the peace settlement for Italy,
France shall be regarded as a signatory to the terms of surrender for
Italy. Other Members will be invited to participate when matters
directly concerning them are under discussion.
.
(iii) Other matters may from time to time be referred to the
Council by agreement between the Member Governments .
(4) (i) Whenever the Council is considering a question of direct
interest to a State not represented thereon, such State should be
invited to send representatives to participate in the discussion and
study of that question.
.
(ii) The Council may adapt its procedure to the particular problem 7
under consideration. In some cases it may hold its own preliminary
discussions prior to the participation of other interested States. In
other cases, the Council may convoke a formal conference of the
State[sJ chiefly interested in seeking a solution of the particular
problem."
8 It was agreed that the three Governments should each address an
identical invitation to the Governments of China and France to adopt
this text and to join in establishing the Council. The text of the
approved invitation was as follows:
Oouncil oj Foreign Ministers.
Drajt jor identical invitation to be sent separately by each oj the
Three Governments to the Governments oj China and France.
"The Governments of the United Kingdom, the United States and
the U. S. S. R. consider it necessary to begin without delay the
essential preparatory work upon the peace settlements in Europe.
7
8
Changed in Stage 3 toj"problems".
"B." introduced at the beginning of.this paragraph in Stage 2·*t
[No. 1383]
�1480
PROTOCOL OF PROCEED~GS
CONFERENCE DOCUMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY PAPERS
ference agreed to recommend to the Member Governments of the
European Advisory Commission that the Commission might now be
dissolved. l •
To this end they are agreed that there should be established a Council
of the Foreign Ministers of the Five Great Powers to prepare treaties
of peace with the European enemy States, for submission to the
United Nations.. The Council would also be empowered to propose
settlements of outstanding territorial questions in Europe and to
consider such other matters as member Governments might agree to
refer to it.
The text adopted by the Three Governments is as follows:
(Here insert final agreed text of the Proposal).
In agreement with the Governments of the United States and
U; S. S. R., His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom and
U. S. S. R., the United States Government, the United Kingdom and the
Soviet Government extend a cordial invitation to the Government of
Ohina (France) to adopt the text quoted above and to join in setting
up the CounciP His Majesty's Government, The United States Govern
ment, The Soviet Government-attach much Importance to the partici
pation of the Ohinese GoVernment (,French Government) in the proposed
arrangements and they hope to receive an early and favorable reply
to this invitation."
10 It was understood that the establishment of the Council of Foreign
Ministers for the specific purposes named in the text would be without
prejudice to the agreement of the Crimea Conference 1I that there
should be periodical consultation between the Foreign Secretaries of
the United States, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the
United Kingdom.
12 The Conference also considered the position of the European
Advisory Commission in the light of the Agreement to establish the
Council of Foreign Ministers. It was noted with satisfaction that
the Commission had ably discharged its principal tasks by the recom
mendations that it had furnished for the terms of surrender for Ger
many,I2a for the zones of occupation in Germany and Austria and for
the inter-Allied control machinery in those countries. 13 It was felt
that further work of a detailed character for the coordination of
Allied policy for the control of Germany and Austria would in future
fall within the competence of the Allied Control Commissio~ 14 at
Berlin and the Allied Commission at Vienna. Accordingly the Cont The words in italics, which were underscored in the original were obviously
intended to supply the form of invitation to be used by each of the three inviting
Governments, but there appear to have been inadvertent omissions in the text.
The first sentence of this paragraph presumably should read: "In agreement with
the Governments of the United State8 and U. S. S. R;.t Hi8 Maje8tY'8 Government
in the United Kingdom (United Kingdom and U. S. S. 1(,., the United States Govern
ment) (United State8 and United Kingdom, the Soviet Government) extend[sl a cor
dial invitation to the Government of China (France) to adopt the text quoted
above and to join in setting up the Council." Cf. document No. 715 and the
enclosure to document No. 1395.
. 10 "C." introduced at the beginning of this paragraph in Stage 2. *t
11 See document No. 1417, section YIn.
12 "D." introduced. at the beginning of this paragraph in Stage 2. *t
120 The Soviet text reads, in literal translation, "recommendations concerning
the unconditional surrender of Germany".
13 See vol. I, document No. 233.
II "Allied Control Commission" changed in Stage 3 to "Control Council".*t
1481
II. THE PRINCIPLES TO GOVERN THE TREATMENT OF GERMANY IN THE
INITIAL CONTROL PERlOD 1$0
\
1
1
A. Political Principles.
1. In accordance with the Agreement on Control Machinery in
Germany,t6 supreme authority in Germany is exercised, on instructions
from their respective Governments, by the Commanders-in-Chief of
the armed forces of the United States of America, the United Kingdom,
the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, and the French Republic,
each in his own zone of occupation, and also jointly, in matters
affecting Germany as a whole, in their capacity as members of the
Control COlllcil.
2. So far as is practicable, there shall be uniformity of treatment of
the German population throughout Germany.
3. The purposes of the occupation of Germany by which the
Control Council shall be guided are:
(1) 17 The complete disarmament and demilitarization of Germany
and the elimination or control of all German industry that could be
used for military production. To these ends:
(a) All German land, naval and air forces, the S. S., S. A.,
S. D. and Gestapo, with all their organizations, staffs and institu
tions, including the General Staff, the Officers' Corps, Reserve
Corps, military schools, war veterans' organizations and all other
military and quasi-military 18 organizations, together with all
clubs and associations whIch serve to keep alive the military
tradition in Germany, shall be completely and finally abolished
in such manner as permanently to prevent the revival or reorgan
ization of German militarism and Nazism;
(b) All arms, ammunition and implements of war and all
specialized facilities for their production shall be held at the
disposal of the Allies or destroyed. The maintenance and
production of all aircraft and all arms, ammunition and imple
ments of war shall be prevented.
'
I
I
16 The final sentence changed in Stage 3 to read: "Accordingly it was agreed
to recommend that the European Advisory Comrrrission be dissolved."* The
Soviet text reads, in literal translation, "Accordingly, it is recommended that
the European Advisory Commission be dissolved."
110 The Soviet text, which contains the words "Political and Economic
Principles" in this heading, also contains the following introductory statement
following the heading: "The followin~ political and economic principles for the
treatment of Germany were adopted:' .
1& Signed at London, November 14, 1944, as amended by a further agreement
signed at London, May 1, 1945. For texts, see Treaties and Other International
Acts Series No. 3070; United States Treaties and Other International Agreements,
vol. 5, pt. 2, p. 2062. The agreement of November 14, 1944, also printed in
Foreign Relation8, The Conferences at Malta and Yalta, 1945, p. 124.
11 Corrected in Stage 3 to "(i)". *t
18 Changed in Stage 3 to "semi-military".*t
[No. 1383]
�1482
CONFERENCliJ DOCUMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY PAPERS
(ii) To convince the German people that they have suffered a total
military defeat and that they cannot escape responsibility for
they have brought upon themselvcs, since their own ruthless warfare
and the fanatical Nazi resistance have destroyed German economy
and made chaos and suffering inevitable.
(iii) To destroy the National Socialist Party and its affiliatod and
supervised organizations, to dissolve all Nazi institutions, to ensure
that they are not revived in any form, and to prevent all Nazi and
militarist activity or propaganda.
(iv) To prepare for the eventual reconstruction of German political
life on a democratic basis and for eventual peaceful cooperation in
international life by Germany.
4. All Nazi laws which provided the basis of the Hitler regime or
established discrimination 19. on grounds of race, creed, or political
opinion shall be abolished. No such discriminations, whether legal,
administrative or otherwise, shall be tolerated.
5. War criminals and those who have participated in planning Or
carrying out Nazi enterprises involving or resulting in atrocities or
war crimes shall be arrested and brought to judgment. Nazi leaders,
influential Nazi supporters and high officials of Nazi organizations
and institutions and any other persons dangerous to the occupation
or its objectives shall be arrested and interned.
6. All members of the Nazi Party who have been more than nominal
participants in its activities and all other persons hostile to Allied
purposes shall be removed from public and semi-public office, and
from positions of responsibility in important private undertakings.
Such persons shall be replaced by persons who, by their political and
moral qualities, are deemed capable of assisting in developing genuine
democratic institutions in Germany.
7. German education shall be so controlled as completely to
eliminate Nazi and militarist doctrines and to make possible the
successful development of democratic ideas.
8. The judicial system will be reorganized in accordance with the
principles of democracy, of justice under law, and of equalrights for
all citizens without distinction of race, nationality or religion.
9. The administration of affairs 20 in Germany should be directed
. towards the decentralization of the political structure and the develop
ment of local responsibility.20& To this end;
(i) local self-government shall be restored throughout Germany on
democratic principles and in particular through elective councils as
rapidly as is consistent with military security and the purppses of
military occupation;
(ii) all democratic political parties with rights of assembly and of
public discussion shall be allowed aI!d encouraged throughout Ger
many;
Changed in Stage 3 to "discriminations".
The words "of affairs" deleted in Stage 3. *t
20. The Soviet text reads, in literal translation, "the development of a sense
of responsibility".
19
~o
PROTOCOL OF
PROCEED~GS
1483
(iii) representative and elective principles shall be introduced into
regional, provincial and state (Land) administration as rapidly as
may be justified by the successful application of these principles in
local self-government;
(iv) for the time being, no central German Government shall be
established. Notwithstanding this, however, certain essential central
German administrative departments, headed by State Secretaries, shall
be established, particularly in the fields of finance, transport, communi
cations, foreign trade and industry. Such departments will act under
the direction of the Control Council.
10. Subject to the necessity for maintaining military sec,urity,
freedom of speech, press and religion shall be permitted, and religious
institutions shall be respected. Subject likewise to the maintenance
of military security, the formation of free trade unions shall be
permitted.
Economic Principles
11.22 In order to eliminate Germany's war potential, the production
of arms, ammunition and implements of war as well as all types of
aircnift and sea-going ships shall be prohibited and prevented. Pro
duction of metals, chemicals, machinery and other items that are
directly necessary to a war economy shall be rigidly controlled and
restricted to Germany's approved post-war peacetime needs to meet
the objectives stated in Paragraph 15.23 Productive capacity not
needed for permitted production sball be removed in accordance with
the reparations plan recommended by the Allied Commission on
Reparations and approved by the Governments concerned or if not
removed shall be destroyed.
12. At the earliest practicable date, the Qerman economy shall
. be decentralized for the purpose of eliminating the present excessive
concentration of economic power as exemplified in particular by
cartels, syndicates, trusts and other monopolistic arrangements.
Notwithstanding this, however, and for the purpose of achieving the
objectives set forth herein, certain forms of central administrative
21
21 During Stage 1 there was deleted the following heading which appeared in the
draft above the headinu printed: "Proposed Agreement on the Political and
Economic Principles To 'Covern the Treatment of Germany in the Initial Control
Period[:] Text as Submitted to the Foreign Secretaries by Economic Sub
Committee". * t "B." was introduced before the heading printed in Stage 2. * t
Sec ante, p. 591. The text of section II B in Dunn's working copy of the Protocol
bears only the typed heading, "H. Economic Principles".
22 This paragraph number was corrected from "10" in Stage L * t
The numbers
of the eight succeeding paragraphs, i. e., 12 to 19 inclusive, were likewise corrected
in Stage 1, * t having been numbered 11 to 18 inclusive in the draft. The renumber
ing of the later paragraphs of this section was caused by the insertion of a new
paragraph 2. See document No. 879, footnote 5. The text of section II B in
Dunn's working copy of the Protocol is correctly numbered.
23 Corrected from "14" in Stage 1. '" t
The number is correct in Dunn's work
ing copy of the Protocol.
[No. 1383]
�1484
PROTOCOL OF PROCEEDINGS
CONFERENCE DOCUMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY PAPERS
machinery, particularly in the fields of Finance, Transportation and
Communications, shall be maintained or restored. 24
13. In organizing the German Economy, primary emphasis shall
be given to the development of agriculture and peaceful domestic
industries.
14. During the period of occupation Germany shall be treated as
a single economic unit. To this end common policies shall be estab
lished in regard to:
(a) mining and industrial production and llS allocation;
(b) agriculture, forestry and fishing;
(c) wages, prices and rationing;
Cd) import and export programs for Germany as a whole;
(e) currency and banking, central taxation and customs; .
(j) reparatlOn and removal of industrial war potential;
(g) transportation and communications.
In applying these policies account shall be taken, where appro
priate, of varying local conditions.
15. Allied controls shall be imposed upon the German economy but
only to the extent necessary:
(a) to carry out programs of industrial disarmament and 26 demili
tarization, of reparations, and of approved exports and imports.
(b) to assure the production and maintenance of goods and services
required to meet the needs of the occupying forces and displaced
persons in Germany and essential to maintain in Germany average
living standards not exceeding the average of the standards of living
of European countries. (European countries means all European
countries excluding U. K. and 27 U. S. S. R)
(c) to ensure in the manner determined by the Control Council the
equitable distribution of essential commodities between the several
zones so as to produce a balanced economy throughout Germany and
reduce the need for imports.
.
(d) to control German industry and all economic and financial
international transactions, including exports and imports, with the
aim of preventing Germany from developing a war potential and of
achieving the other objectives named herein.
Ce) to control all German public or private scientific bodies, research
and experimental institutions, laboratories, et cetera, connected with
economic activities.
16. In the imposition and maintenance of economic controls
established by the Control Council, German administrative machinery
shall be created and the German authorities shall be required to the
2' The final sentence of this paragraph was deleted in Stage 2. * This deletion
was marked in Dunn's working copy of the Protocol. Cf. the attachment to
document No. 1380 and ante, p.591. The sentence was not deleted, however, from
the Soviet text.
25 The word "its" introduced at this point in Stage.3.*t
26 The word "and" replaced by a comma in Stage 3.
Neither the word "and"
nor the comma appears in Dunn's working copy of the Protocol.
2T The words "U. K. and" replaced by "the United Kingdom and the" in
Stage 3.*t
1485
fullest extent practicable to proclaim and assume administration of such
cOntrols. Thus it should be brought home to the German people that
the responsibility for the administration of such controls and any
breakdown in these controls will rest with themselves. Any German
controls which may run counter to the objectives of occupation will
be prohibited.
17. Measures shall be promptly taken:
(a) to effect essential repair of transport;
(b) to enlarge coal production;
(c) to maximize agricultural 28 output; and
. (d) to effect emergency repair of housing and essential utilities.
18. Appropriate steps shall be taken by the Control Council to
exercise control and the power of disposition over German owned
external assets not already under the control of United Nations which
have taken part in the war against Germany.
19. Payment of Reparations should leave enough resources to enable
the German people to subsist without external assistance. In working
out the economic balance of Germany the necessary means must be
provided to pay for imports approved by the Control Council in
Germany.. The proceeds of exports from current production and
stocks shall be available in the first place for payment for such
imports.
The above clause will not apply to the equipment and products
referred to in paragraphs 4 (a) and 4 (b) of the Reparations Agree
ment. 21I
III. GERMAN REPARATION SG
1. Reparation claims of 31 U. S. S. R shall be met by removals
from the zone of Germany occupied by the U. S. S. R., and from
appropriate German external assets.
2. The U. S. S. R. undertakes to settle the reparation claims: of
Poland from its own share of reparations.
3. The reparations 32 claims of the United States, the United King
dom and other countries entitled to reparations shall be met from
the Western Zones and from appropriate German external assets.
4. In addition to the reparations to be taken by the U. S. S. R.
from its own zone of occupation, the U. S. S. R. shall receive addi
tionally from the Western Zones:
(a) 15 per cent of such usable and complete industrial capital
equipment, in the first place from the metallurgical, chemical and
Changed from "agriculture" in Stage l.*t
i. e., section III, infra.
ao Changed in Stafe 3 to "Reparations From Germany".*t
31 The word "the' introduced at this point in Stage 3. *t
32 Changed in Stage 3 to "reparation".
2S
211
[No. 1363]
�1486
CONFERENCE DOCUMFiNTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY PAPERS
machine manufacturing industries as is unnecessary for the German
peace economy and should be removed from the Western Zones of
Germany, in exchange for an equivalimt value of food, coal, potash,
zinc, timber, clay products, petroleum products, and such other
commodities as may be agreed upon.
(b) 10 per cent of such industrial capital equipment as is unnecessary
for the German peace economy and should be removed from the
Western Zones, to be transferred to the Soviet Government on repara
tions account without payment or exchangc of any kind in return.
Removals of equipment as provided in (0;) and (b) above shall be
made simultaneously.
5. The amount of equipment to be removed from the Western
Zones on account of reparations must be determined within six months
from now at the latest.
6. Removals of industrial capital equipment shall begin as SOon
as possible and shall be completed within two years from the deter
mination specified in paragraph 5. The delivery of products covered
by 4 (0;) above shall begin as soon as possible and shall be made. by
the U. S. S. R. in agreed installments within five years of the
hereof. 32 The determination of the amount and character of the indus
trial capital equipment unnecessary for the German peace economy
and therefore available for reparation shall be made by the Control
Council under policies fixed by the Allied Commission on Repara
tions,33 with the participation of France, subject to the final approval
of the Zone Commander in the Zone from which the equipment is
to be removed.
7. Prior to the fixing of the total amount of equipment subject to
removal, advance deliveries shall be made in respect t0 34 such equip
ment as will be determined to be eligible for delivery in accordance
with the procedure set forth in the last sentence of paragraph 6.
B. The Soviet Government renounces all claims 35 to shares of
German enterprises which are located in the Western Zones of Ger
many as well as to German foreign assets in all countrie.iJ except those
specified in paragraph 9 below.
9. The Governments of the U. K. and U. S. A. renounce their claims 36
to shares of German enterprises which are located in the Eastern Zone
&
Ua The Soviet text reads, in literal translation, "within five years of the said
date".
33 See lnternatwnal Agencies in Which the United States Participates (Washing
ton, Government Printing Office, 1946; Department of State publication No.
2699), p. 141.
34 The word "to" changed by hand to "of" in Dunn's working copy 'of the
Protocol.*
3S The words "in respect of reparations" <intrOduced at this point in Stage [3. *t
These words appear in Dunn's handwriting as an interlineation in Dunn's
working copy of the Protocol. See ante, pp. 586-587.
35 The words" their claims" replaced by "all claims in respect of reparations"
in Stage 3. *t The words "in respect of reparations" appear in Dunn's hand
writing as an interlineation following the words "their claims" in DUlln's
working copy of the Protocol. See ante, pp. 586-587.
PROTOCOL OF PROCFiEDlNGS
1487
of occupation in Germany, as well as to German foreign assets in
Bulgaria, Finland, Hungary, Rumania and Eastern Austria.
10. The Soviet Government makes no claims to gold captured by
the Allied troops in Germany.
IV. DISPOSAL OF THE GERMAN NAVY AND MERCHANT MARINE.
A.s7
The following principles for the distribution of the German Navy
were agreed:
(1) The total strength of the German surface navy, excluding
ships sunk and those taken over from Allied Nations, but including
ships under construction or repair, shall be divided equally among
the U. S. S. R., U. K., and U. S.38
(2) Ships under construction or repair mean those ships whose
construction or repair may be completed within three to six months,
according to the type of ship. Whether such ships under construction
or repair shall be completed or repaired shall be determined by the
technical commission appointed by the Three Powers and referred to
below, subject to the principle that their completion or repair must
be achieved within the time limits above provided, withou t any increase
of skilled employment in the German shipyards and without permit
ting the reopening of any German ship building Or connected indus
tries. Completion date means the date when a ship is able to go ou t
on its first trip, or, under peacetime standards, would refer to the
customary date of delivery by shipyard to the Government.
(3) The larger part of the German submarine fleet shall be sunk.
Not more than thirty submarines shall be preserved and divided
equally between the U. S. S. R., U. K. and U. S.33 for· experimental and
technical purposes.
.
(4) All stocks of armament, ammunition and supplies of the
German Navy appertaining to the vessels transferred pursuant to
paragraphs (1) and (3) hereof shall be handed over to the re.spective
powers receiving such ships.
(5) The Three Governments agree to constitute a tripartite naval
commission comprising two representatives for each Government,
accompanied by the requisite staff, to submit agreed recommendations
to the Three Governments for the allocation of specific German war
ships and to handle other detailed matters arising out of the agreement
between the Three Governments regarding the German fleet. The
Commission will hold its first, meeting not later than 15th August,
1945, in Berlin, which shall be its headquarters. Each Dele~ation
on the Commission will have the right on the basis of reciproclty to
inspect German warships wherever they may be located.
(6) The Three Governments agreed that transfers, including those
of ships under construction and repair, shall be completed as soon as
"A." moved in Stage 3 to the beginning of the following paragraph.
Changed in Stage 3 to "U. S. A." This change was marked in Dunn's
working copy of the Protocol.
[No. 1383]
37
38
307524-61-vol. 2--105
�1488
• PROTOCOL OF
possible, but not laLer than] 5th February, 1946. The Commission
will submit fortnightly reports, including proposals forthe.progressive
allocation of the vessels when agreed by the Commission.j
B.39
The following principles for the distribution of the German Merchant
Marine were agreed:
The German Merchant Marine, surrendered to the Three
Powers and wherever located, shall be divided equallY.aInong the
U. S. S. R., the U. K., and the U. S.40 The actual transfers of the ships
to the respective countries shall take place as soon as practicable
after the end of the war against Japan~ The United Kingdom and
the United States will provide out of their shares of the surrendered
German merchant ships appropriate amounts for other Allied States
whose merchant marines have suffered heavy losses in the common
cause against Germany, except that the Soviet Union shall provide
out of its share for Poland.
. .
(2) The allocation, manning, and operation of these ships during
the Japanese War period shall falllmder the cognizance and authority
of the Combined Shipping Adjustment Board and the United MarI
time AuthorityY
.
(3) While actual transfer of the ships shall be delayed until after
the end of the war with Japan, a Tripartite Shipping Commission shall
inventory and· value all available ships and recommend a specific
.
distribution in accordance with paragraph (1).
(4) German inland and coastal ships determined to be necessary
to the maintenance of the basic German peace economy by the Allied
Control Council of Germany shaH not be included in the shipping
pool thus divided among the Three Powers.
(5) The Three Governments agree to constitute a tripartite mer
chant marine commission comprising two representatives for each
Government, accompanied by the requisite staff, to submit agreed
recommendations to the Three Governments for ·the allocation of
specific German merchant ships and to handle other detl1iled matters
arising out of the agreement between the Three Governri:tentsregard
ing the German merchant ships. The Commission will hold its first
meeting not later than September 1st, 1945, in Berlin, which shall be
its headquarters. Each delegation on the Commission will have the
right on the basis of reciprocity to inspect the German merchant
ships wherever they may be located.
;9
"B." moved in Stage 3 to the beginning of the following paragraph.
Changed in Stage 3 to "U. S. A." This change was marked in Dunn's
working copy of the Protocol.
41 Concerning these two organizations see, respectively, United Statu Govern
ment Organization Manual, 1953-51; (Washington, Govermnent Printing Office,
1953), p. 542, and International Organizations in Which the United States Partici
pates, 191;9 (Washington, Government Printing Office, 1950; Department of
State publication No. 3655), p. 323.
.
4Q
PROCEED~GS
CONFERENCE DOCUMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY PAPERS
VI
1489
42
CITY OF KOENIGSBERG AND TnE ADJACEN'l' AREA
The Conference examined a proposal by the Soviet Government to
the effect that pending the final determination of territorial questions
at the peace settlement, the section of the western frontier of the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics which is adjacent to the Bahic
Sea should pass from a point on the eastern shore of the Bay of Dan
zig to the east, north of Braunsberg-Goldap, to the meeting point of
the frontiers of Lithuania, the Polish Republic and East Prussia.
The Conference has agreed in principle to the proposal of the Soviet
Government concerning the ultimate transfer 42a to the Soviet Union of
the City of Koenigsberg and the area adjacent to it as described above
subject to expert 43 examination of the actual front,ier.
The President of the United States and the British Prime Minister
have declared that they will support the proposal of the Conference
at the forthcoming peaCe settlement.
VII 44
WAR CRIMES 45
The Three Governments have taken note of the discussions which
have been proceeding in recent weeks in London (6 between British,
United States, Soviet and French representatives with a view to
reaching agreement on the methods of trial of those major war crimi
nals whose crimes under the Moscow Declaration of October, 1943 47
have no particular geographical localisation. The Three Governments
reaffirm their intention to bring these criminals to swift and sure
justice. They hope that the negotiations in London will result in
speedy agreement being reached for this purpose, and they regard it
42 Corrected in Stage 2 to "v".*t This correction is marked in Dunn's working
copy of the Protocol, where the numbering of all the succeeding sections of the
Protocol is likewise corrected. An undated working paper (file No. 740.00119
PotsdamJ7-3045) which contains a numbered list of the proposed sections of
the Protocol indicates that at one stage it was expected that section v of the
Protocol would deal with the Ruhr. When the Heads of Government decided
on August 1 that the Protocol would not contain a section on the Ruhr (see ante,
pp. 595-596), this decision should have precipitated a renumbering of section
VI (on the city of Konigsberg and the adjacent area) to section v, and an appro
priate renumbering of all succeeding sections of the Protocol. As noted above,
this renumbering was carried out in Dunn's working copy of the Protocol, but
the correct numbering was not entered on the United States original of the
Protocol until Stage 2, as defined above (see ante, p. 1477).
420 The Soviet text reads, in literal translation, "concerning the transfer".
43 Corrected by hand in Stage 1 from "exper".
44 Corrected in Stage 2 to "v I" • *t
U Changed in Stage 2 to "War Criminals".*t
'
to For the London discussions referred to, for the text of the Agreement of Au
gust 8, 1945, signed at the conclusion of those discussions, and Cor the text of the
Charter of the International Military Tribunal annexed to that Agreement, see
Report oj Robert H. Jackson, United States Representative to til¥! International Con
ference on Military Trials, London, 191;5.
.
U Text in Department of State BUil'llti1lij vul, IX, p. 310.
[No. 1883]
�1490
CONFERENCE DOCUMENTS 'AND SUPPLEMENTARY PAPERS
as a matter of great importance that the trial of these major criminals
should begin at the earliest possible date. The first list of defendants
will be published before 1st September.48
VIII. 49
AUSTJUA
The Conference examined a proposal by the Soviet Government on
the extension of the authority of the Austrian Provisional Govern
ment to all of Austria.
The three Governments agreed that they were prepared to examine
this question after the entry of the British and American forces into
the city of Vienna.
It was agreed that reparations should not be exacted from Austria.
IX.
60
POLAND
A. Declaration SOn
PROTOCOL OF PROCEED~GS
1491
The Three Powers are anxious to assist the Polish Provisional
Government 611 in facilitating the return to Poland as soon as practi
cable of all Poles abroad who wish to go, including members of the
Polish armed forces and the merchant marine. They expect that those
Poles who return home shall be accorded personal rights 57 and prop
erty rights on the same basis as all Polish citizens.
The Three Powers note that the Polish Provisional Government 56
in accordance with the decisions of t.he Crimea Conference has agreed
to the holding of free and unfettered elections as soon as possible on
the basis of universal suffrage and secret ballot in which all democratic
and anti-Nazi parties shall have the right to take part and to put for
ward candidates; and that representatives of the Allied Press shall
enjoy full freedom to report to the world upon developments in
Poland before and during the elections.
We have taken note with pleasure of the agreement reached among
representative Poles from Poland and abroad which has made possible
the formation, in accordance with the decisions reached at the Crimea
Conference,M of a Polish Provisional Government of National Unity
recognised by the Three Powers. The establishment by the British
and United States Governments of diplomatic relations with the
Polish Provisional Government 62 has resulted in the withdrawal of
their recognition from the former Polish Government in London/II
which no longer exists.
The British and U. S.M Governments have taken measures to protect
the interests 65 of the Polish Provisional Government,56& as the recognised
Government of ,the Polish State, in the property belonging to the
Polish State located in their territories and under their control what
ever the form of this property may be. They have further taken
measures to prevent alienation to third parties of such property. All
, proper facilities will be given to the Polish Provisional Government 65..
for the exercise of the ordinary legal remedies for the recovery of any
property belonging to the Polish State which may have been wrong
fully alienated.
B. Western Frontier of Poland.
In conformity with the agreement on Poland reached at the Crimea
Conference the three Heads of Government have sought the opinion
of the Polish Provisional Government of National Unity in regard
to the accession of territory in the north and west which Poland should
receive. The President of the National Council of Poland 58 and mem
bers of the Polish Provisional Government of National Unity S9 have
been received at the Conference and have fully presented their views.
The three Heads of Government reaffirm their opinion that the final
delimitation of the western frontier of Poland should await the peace
settlement.
The three Headsof Government ag~ee that, pending the final de
termination of Poland's western frontier, the' former German terri
tories east of a line running from the Baltic Sea immediately west
[of] 60 Swinemunde, and thence along the Oder River to the confluence
of the western Neisse River and along the western Neisse to the
Czechoslovak frontier,51 including that portion of East Prussia not
placed under the administration of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics in accordance with the understanding reached at this con
ference 62 and including the area of the former free city of Danzig,
4a For the list referred to, which was made public on August 29, 1945, see
Department of State Bulletin, vol. XIII, p. 301.
4~ Corrected in Stage 2 to "VII". *t .
&0 Corrected in Stage 2 to "VIII". *t
fill. In the Soviet text this heading reads, in literal translation, ttA. Declaration
on the Polish Question", and the follOWing introductory statement follows the
heading: "The Conferenee has adopted the following declaration on the Polish
question:" .
51 See document No. 1417, section VI.
52 The. words "of National Unity" introdueed at this point in Stage 3. *
lS3 Concerning United States recognition of the Polish Provisional Government
of National Unity, see voL I, document No. SOL
64 Changed in Stage 3 to "United States". *t .
lIS Changed in Stage 3 to "interest".
61;. The words "of National Unity" introduoed at this point in Stage 3. *t
The words "of National Unity" introduced at this point in Stage 3. *t
The word "rights" deleted in Stage 3. *t This change was marked in Dunn's
handwriting in Dunn's working copy of the Protocol.
58 Boleslaw Bierut.
59 See ante, p. 322.
&0 The words "immediately west" substituted for "through" in Stage 1. *t
The
word "of" introduced in Stage 2. *t The words "immediately west of" appear in
Dunn's handwriting as an interlineation in Dunn's working oopy of the Protocol.
See ante, p. 592.
61 See the map facing p. 1152, ante.
G2 Ante, section VI (v).
[No. 1383)
lie
51
�PROTOCOL OF PROCEEDINGS
1492
1493
CONFERENCE DOCUMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY PAPERS
shall be under the administration of the Polish State and for such pur
poses should not be considered as part of the Soviet zone of occupation
in Germany.
x. 63
CONCLUSION
OF PEACE TREATIES AND ADMISSION TO THE
NATIONS ORGANISATION.
UNITED
The Three Government,s consider it desirable that the present anom
alous position of Italy, Bulgaria, Finland, Hungary and Roumania
should be terminated by the conclusion of Peace Treaties. 64 They
trust that the other interested Allied Governments will share these
views.
For their part the Three Governments have iIicluded the prepara
tion of a Peace Treaty with 116 Italy as the first among the immediate
important tasks to be undertaken by the new Council of Foreign
Minist~rs. Italy was the first of the Axis Powers to break with Ger
many, who [to] 66 whose defeat she has made a material contribution,
and has now joined with the Allies in the struggle against Japan.
I taly has freed herself from the Fascist regime and is making good
progress towards reestablishment of a democratic government and
instit!ltions. The conclusion of such a Peace Treaty with a recognised
and democratic Italian Government will make it possible for the
Three Governments to fulfil their desire to support an application
from Italy for membership of the United Nations.
The Three Governments have also charged the Council of Foreign
Ministers with the task of preparing Peace Treaties for Bulgaria,
FiIiland, Hungary and Roumania.. The conclusion of Peace Treaties
with recognised democratic Governments in these States will also
enable the Three Governments to support applications from them for
membership of the United Nations. The Three Governments agree
to examine each separately in the near future, iIi the light of the con
ditions then prevailing, the establishment of diplomatic relations with
Finland, Roumania, Bulgaria, and Hungary to the extent possible
.
prior to the conclusion of peace treaties with those countries.67
The Three Governments have no doubt that in view of the changed
conditions resulting from the termination of the war in Europe, repre-:
sentatives of the Allied Press will enjoy full freedom to report to the
iI3 Corrected in Stage 2 to "rx".*t
M The following passage deleted at this point in Stage 1: "so that as 600n as
possible thereafter relations between them and the ex-enemy States can, where
necessary, be reestablished on a normal footing". *t See ante, p. 590, footnote 16.
This passa~'e is also marl-ed for deletion in Dunn's worHng copy of the -ProtocoL'
lIS Changed in Stage 3 from "with" to "for". *t
This change appears in Dunn's
handwriting as an interlineation in Dunn's working co'py of the Protocol.
66 The correction from "who" to "to" made in Stage 2. *t
61 Concerning United States action to carry out the provisions of the fi~al
sentence of this' paragraph see: for F'inland, Department of State Bullet~1l,
vol. XIII, pp. 283, 339; for Rumania, ibid., vol. XIV, pp. 256, 298; for BulgarIa,
,bid., vol. XVII, p. 746; for Hungary, ibid., vol. XIII, p. 478.
world upon developments in Roumania, Bulgaria, Hungary and
Firiland.
As regards the admission of other states into the United Nations
Organization, Article 4 of the Charter of the United Nations 68
declared 69 that:
1. Membership in the United Nations is open to all other peace
loving States who 70 accept the obligations contained in the present
Charter and, in the judgment of the organization, are able and willing
to carry out these obligations;
2. The admission of any such State to membership in the United
Nations will be effected by a decision of the General Assembly upon
the recommendation of the Security Council.
The TlITee Governments, so far as they are concerned, will support
applications for membership from those States which have remained
neutral dUring the war and which fulfil the qualifications set out above.
The Three Governments feel bound however to make it clear that
they for their part would not favour any application for membership
put forward by the present Spanish Government, which, having
been founded with the support of the Axis Powers, does not, in view
of its origins, its nature, its record and its close association with the
aggressor States, possess the qualifications necessary to justify such
membership.
Xr.71
TERRITORIAL TRUSTEESHIP
The Conference examined a proposal by the Soviet Government
on the question of trusteeship territories envisaging those categories
of territories 71" as defined in t,he decision of the Crimea Conference 72
and iIi the Charter of the United Nations Organisation.
After an exchange of views on this question it was deeided that the
disposition of any former Italian 73 territories was one to be decided
in connection with the preparation of a peace treaty with 74 Italy and
that the question of Italian 73 territory would be considered by the
September Council of Ministers of Foreign Affairs.
Treaty Series No. 993; 59 Stat. (2) 1031.
Changed in Stage 3 to "declares". *t This change is marked in Dunn's
working copy of the Protocol.
71) Reads "which" in the Charter.
The text included in the Protocol also has
variations of capitalization and punctuation from the text of the Charter.
71 Corrected in Stage 2 to "x". *t
71. The British text omits the words "envisaging those categories of territories".
The Soviet text likewise contains no Russian translation of these words.
12 See document No. 1416, section I.
l! The word "colonial" introduced at this point in Stage 3. *t
14 Changed in Stage 3 from "with" to "for". *
This change appears in Dunn's
handwriting as an interlineation in Dunn's working copy of the Protocol.
[No. 13831
08
6$
�1494
CONFERENCE DOCUMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY PAPERS
XII. 75
REVISED
ALLIED
CONTROL
COMMISSION
PROCEDURE
IN
ROUMANIA,
BULGARIA AND HUNGARY.
The Three Governments have taken 76 note that the Soviet Repre
sentatives on the Allied Control Commissions in Roumania, Bulgaria
and Hungary, have communicated to their United Kingdom and
United States colleagues proposals for improving the work of the
Control Commissions, now that hostilities in Europe have' ceased.
The Three Governments agree that the revision of the procedures
of the Allied Control Commissions in these countries will now be
undertaken,77 taking into account the interests and responsibilities of
the Three Governments which together presented the terms of
armistice to the respective countries, and accepting as a basis, in
respect of all three countries, the Soviet Government's proposals for
'
Hungary as annexed hereto. 78
ANNEX.79
i. 1
TEXT OF A LETTER TRANSMITTED ON JULY 12 TO THE REPRESENTA
"
,
':1
:1
,·,t
t'
J{
PROTOCOL OF PROCEEDINGS
ACC, convoked by the President of the ACC, which meetings will be
regular in nature. The British and American representatives will
also participate personally or through tbeirrepresentatives in appro
priate instances in mixed commissions created by the President of
the ACC for questions connec.ted with the execution by the ACC of
its functions.
3. Free movement by the American and British representatives in
the country will be permitted provided that the ACC is previously
informed of the time and route of the journeys.
4. All questions connected with permission for the entrance and
exit of members of the staff of the British and American representa;'
tives in Hungary will he decided on the spot by the President of the
ACC within a time limit of not more than one week.
5. The bringing in and sending out by plane of Inail, cargoes and
diplomatic couriers will be carried out by the British and American
representatives on the ACC under arrangements and within time lim
its established by the ACC, or in special cases by previous coordina
tion with the President of the ACC.
I consider it necessary to add to the above that in all other points
the existing Statutes regarding the ACC in Hungary, whlch was con
firmed on .January, 20 [sic], 1945,80 shall remain in force in the future.
XIII
TIVES OF THE U. S. AND U. K. GOVERNMENTS ON THE ALLIED CONTROL
COMMISSION IN HUNGARY.
In view of the changed situation in conneCtion with the termination
of the war against Germany, the Soviet Government finds it necessary
to establish the following order of work for the Allied Control Com
mission in Hungary.
1. During the period up to the conclusion of peace with Hungary
the President (or Vice-President) of the ACC will regularly call
conferences with the British and American representatives for the
purpose of discussing the most important questions relating to the
work of the ACC. The conferences will be called once in 10 days, or
more frequently in case of need.
Directives of the ACC on questions of principle will be issued to
the Hungarian authorities by the President of the Allied Control Com
mission after agreement on these directives with the English and Amer
ican representatives.
2. The British and American representatives in the ACC will take
part in general conferences of heads of divisions and delegates of the
7> Corrected in Stage 2 to "XI". *t
78 The words "have taken" changed in Stage 3 to "took". * t
This change
appears in Dunn's handwriting as an interlineation in Dunn's working copy of the
Protocol.
77 DUlin has changcd the beginning of this paragraph by hand, in his working
copy of the Protocol, to read as follows (italics supplied); "The Three Govern
ments agreed that the revision of the procedures of the Allied Control Commissions
in these countries 1J)01t1d now be undertaken". *
7$ The words "(Annex I)" introduced at the end of the paragraph in Stage 3.*t
79 Changed in Stage 2 to "Annex I". *t In Stage 3 this annex was removed from
its position at the end of the section of the Protocol to which it pertains and
placed near the end, between section XXI and annex n, *t both of which were
introduced in Stage 2 (post, p. 1498).
1495
81
ORDERLY TRANSFER OF GERMAN POPULATIONS 8la
The Three Governments, having considered the question in all its
aspects, reeognise that the transfer to Germany of German popula
tions, or elements thereof, remaining in Poland, Czechoslovakia and
Hungary, will have to be undertaken. rrhey agree that any transfers
that take place should be effected' in an orderly and humane manner.
Since the influx of a large number of Germans into Germany would
increase the burden already resting on the occupying authorities, they
consider that the Allied 82 Control Council in Germany should in the
first instance examine the problem, with special regard to the question
of the equitable distribution of these Germans among the several
zones of pccupation. They are accordingly instructing their respective
representatives on the Control Council to report to their Governments
'as soon as possible the extent to which such persons have already
entered Germany from Poland, Czechoslovakia and Hungary, and
to submit an estimate of the time and rate at which further transfers
could be carried out having regard to the present situation in Germany.
The Czechoslovak Government, the Polish Provisional Govern
ment and the Control Council in Hungary are at the same time being
informed of the above and are being requested meanwhile to suspend
80 Not printed.
81 Corrected in
810 The Soviet
Stage 2 to "xu". *t
text contain~the following introductory statement following
this heading: "The Conference has adopted the following decision:".
82 The word "Allied" deleted in Stage 3.*t
�1496
further expulsions pending an examination by the Governments
concerned of the report from their representatives on the Control
Council.
It was agreed that as the next step the matter should be the subject
of direct conversations between each of the three Governments and
the Turkish Government.
XVIII
XIV 83
INTERN~TIONAL
OIL EQUIPMENT IN RUMANIA
I
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1497
PROTOCOL OF PROCEEDINGS
CONFERENCE DOCUMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY PAPERS
The Conference agreed to set up two bilateral commissions of ex
perts, one to be composed of United Kingdom and Soviet Members,
and one to be composed of United States and Soviet members, to
investigate the facts and examine the documents, as a basis for the
settlement of questions arising from the removal of oil equipment
from 84 Rumania. It was further agreed that these experts shall
begin their work within ten days, on the spot.
XV&
IRAN
It was agreed that Allied troops should be withdrawn immediately
from Tehran, and that further stages of the withdrawal of troops
from Iran should be considered at the meeting of the Council of
Foreign Ministers to be held in London in September, 1945.
XVI 86
91
INLAND WATERWAYS.
The Conference considered a proposal of the U. S. Delegation on this
subject and agreed to refer it for consideration to the forthcoming
meeting of the Council of Foreign Mini'lters in London.
XIX
Q2
EUROPEAN INLAND TRANSPORT CONFERENCE.
The British and U. S. Delegations to the Conference informed the
Soviet Delegationof the desire of the British and U. S. Governments to
reconvene the European Inland Transport Conference and stated that
they would welcome assurance that the Soviet Government would
participate in the work of the reconvened conference. The Soviet
Government agreed that it would participate in this conference.1I3
xx 94
DIRECTIVES TO MILITARY COMMANDERS ON ALLIED CONTROL COUNCIL
THE INTERNAITjlONAL ZONE OF TANGIER
FOR GERMANY.
A proposal by the Soviet Government was examined and the fol
lowing decisions were reached.
'Having examined the question of the Zone of Tangier,the three
Go[vJernments have agreed that this Zone~'which includes the city of
Tangier and the area adjacent to it, in view of its special strategic
importance shall remain international.
The question of Tangier will be discussed in the nE;lar future at a
meeting in Paris of representatives of the Governments of the Union
of Soviet Socialist RepUblics, the United States of America, the
United Kin[gJdom and France.87
The three Governments agreed that each would send a directive to
its representative on the Control Council for Germany informing him
of all decisions of the Conference affecting matters within the scope
of his duties. 94,.
XXI
9.5
USE OF ALLIED PROPERTY 96 FOR SATELLITE REPARATIONS
OR "WAR TROPHIES"
The proposal 97 presented by the U. S.1!Il Delegation was accepted in
XVII 88
THE BLACK SEA STRAITS
The three Governments recognised the need for reVISIon of the
Convention on the Straits concluded at Montreux 89 as failing to meet
present-day conditions. 90
Corrected in Stage 2 to "XIIIH.*1
Changed in Stage 3 from "from' to "inH.*t
Corrected in Stage 2 to "XIV".*t
Corrected in Stage 2 to "xv".*t
'
81 See Department of State Bulletin, vol. XIII, pp. 380, 613.
8S Corrected in Stage 2 to "XVI".*t
SQ League of Nations Treaty Series, vol. CLXXIII, p. 213 .
90 This paragraph revised in Stage 3 as follows: "The Three Governments
recognized that the Convention on the Straits concluded at Montreux should be
revised as failing to meet present-day eonditions.'~t The British text reads:
"The three Governments recognised that the Convention conclude'd at Montreux
.,
should be revised as failing to meet present-day conditions."
83
84
tl.I
88
Corrected in Stage 2 to "XVII", *t
Corrected in Stage 2 to "XVIII". *t
t3 See Participation of the United State8 Government in International Conferences,
July 1, 1941-June 30, 1945, p. 138. See also Executive Agreement Series No.
.
494; 59 Stat. (2) 1740.
lU Corrected in Stage 2 to "XIX", *t
94. The Soviet text reads, in literal, translation, "to its representative on the
Control Council concerning <juestions coming within the scope of his competence".
Q& Corrected in Stage 2 to 'xx".*t
,
N Changed in Stage 2 to "Properties"; to "Property" once more in Stage 3.*t
07 The words "(Annex II)" introduced at this point in Stage 2. *t
98 Changed in Stage 3 to "United States".*
GI
11:1
[No. 1383]
�1498
CONFERENCE DOCUMENTS AND SUPPLEME~TARY PAPERS
principle by t.he Conference, but the drafting of an agreement on the
matter was left to be worked out through diplomatic channels. 99
,.'
L:
,
J.!.
99 The Soviet text of this paragraph rcads, in literal translation: "The Con
ference decided to accept in principle the proposal of the American Dclegation
(Annex No.2). The wording of this proposal is to be agreed upon through the
diplomatic channel"
The Protocol, as it stood at the end of Stage 1, ended with this paragraph.
In Stage 2 an additional section XXI was introduced*t and annex II (pertain
ing to the final sect.ion of the Protocol as it stood at the end of Stage 1) was
added. *t In Stage 3 the annex to the section on "Revised Allied Control
Commission Procedure in Roumania, Bulgaria and Hungary" (ante, p. 1494)
was inserted between the new section XXI and annex II. *t The texts of the new
article and annex introduced in Stage 2 are as follows:
XXI
~.
,
:;
MILITARY TALKS
>:~ .
During the Conference there were meetings between the Chiefs of Staff of the
three governments on military matters of common interest.
[Cr. document No. 1384, section XIV, and ante, p. 594.J
1:,
[The heading, "Use of Allied Property for Satellite Reparations or 'War
Trophies' " was inserted at this point in Stage 3. t A similar heading above the
words" Annex II" was deleted in Stage 2. *]
1. The burden of reparation and. "war trophies" should not fall on allied
nationals.
2. Capital equipmcnt.-We object to the removal of such allied property as
reparations, "war trophies", or under any other guise. Loss would accrue to allied
nationals as a result of destruction of plants and the consequent loss of markets
and trading connections. Seizure of allied property makes impossible the fulfilment
by the satellite of its obligation under the armistice to restore intact the rights
and interests of the allied nations and. their nationals.
The United States looks to the other occupying powers for the return of any
equipmcnt already removed and the cessation of removals. Where such equipment
will not or cannot be returned, the United States [changed to "U. S." in Stage 31
will demand of the satellite adequate, effective and prompt compensation to
American nationals, and that such compensation have priority equal to that of
the reparations payment.
These principles apply to all property wholly or substantially owned by allied
nationals. In the event of removals of property in which the American as well
as the entire allied interest is less than substantial, the United States [changed to
"u. S." in Stage 3J expects adequate, effcctive, and prompt compensation.
3. Current production.-While the United States [changed to "U. S." in Stage
3J does not oppose reparation out of current production of allied investments, the
satellite must provide immediate and adequate compensation to the allied nationals
including sufficient foreign exchange or products so that they can recover reason
able foreign curr!!ncy expenditures and transfer a reasonable return on their
investment.. Such compensation must also have equal priority with reparations.
.. We deem it essential that the satellites do [the word "do" deleted in Stage 31
not conclude treaties, agreements or arrangements which deny to allied nationals
access, on cqual terms, to their trade, raw materials, and industry; and appropri
ately modify any existing arrangements which may have that effect.
[Cf. document No. 842.]
J
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ANNEX II
1499
COMMUNIQuE
COMMUNIQUE
No. 1384
I
I
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J
Truman Papers
Communique
1
i
[BABELSBERG,] August 2, 1945[.1
REPORT ON THE TRIPARTITE CONFERENCE OF BERLIN
12
On July 17, 1945, the President of the United States of America,
Harry S. Truman, the Chairman of the Council of People's Com
missars of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Generalissimo
J. V. Stalin, and the Prime Minister of Great Britain, Winston S.
Churchill, together with Mr. Clement R. AttIee, met in the Tripartite
Conference of Berlin. They were accompanied by the foreign secre
taries of the three Governments, Mr. James F. Byrnes, Mr. V. M.
Molotov, and Mr. Anthony Eden, the Chiefs of Staff, and other
advisers.
There were nine meetings between July 17 and July 25. The
Conference was then interrupted for two days while the results of the
British general election were being declared.
On July 28 Mr. Attlee returned to the Conference as Prime Minister,
accompanied by the new Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Mr.
Ernest Bevin. Four days of further discussion then took place.
During the course of the Conference there were regular meetings of the
Heads of the Three Governments accompanied by the foreign secre
taries, and also of the Foreign Secretaries alone. Committees ap
pointed by the Foreign Secretaries for preliminary consideration of
questions before the Conference also met daily.
The meetings of the Conference were held at the Cecilienhof near
Potsdam. The Conference ended on August 2, 1945.
I The source cop!. is filed in a folder in the ~uman·Papers bearing the following
typed notation: 'Final typewritten copy as prepared under the direction
of the President's Pres, Secretary, Mr. Charles Ross, on 2 August 1945 after the
President Attlee and Stalin had made changes in an earlier draft at the last
Plenary I::iession." This represents the final text in the files of the United States
Delegation which was prepared at the Conference site. The text released at
Washington on August 2 (the source for the text printed in the Department of
State Bulletin, vol, XIII. p. 153) was based on a telegraphic transmission and
contains minor variations from the text here printed.
For the "earlier draft" referred to above, L e., the Report of the Communique
Subcommittee, to which Ii cover sheet bearing the signatures of the three Heads
of Government was attached, see document No. 1380.
In connection with the Communique, see also the general annotations to docu
ment No. 1383.
2 This Roman numeral is a manuscript addition.
[No. 1384]
",
�Volume III ofFRUS, 1945 covers Paris Reparations Conference issues. A clear
. explanation of the Soviets absence frQm Paris does not seem to be there. In the months
before the Conference, much of the conversation about the Soviets touches on restitution,
discussing details of how many plants the Soviets would get or questions about'
compensating the USSR for deliveries.
One document seems to address our question, but it is not clear if the proposed
conference thaUt.refers to is the Paris Reparations Conference. If it is, then the
justification for Soviet non-participation WCiS Potsdam: .
.
'.
.
pp. 1255-56. (740.00119 EW/9-945) Telegram 1815, Sec. State to Ambassador in USSR,
August 13, 1945 ..
"It does not seem to me appropriate to invite USSR to sponsor invitation to countries
claiming reparations from three western zones of occupation in Germany, nor to invite
USSR to proposed conference, if this carries implication USSR will be accorded voice
in proceedings and vote. It is not envisaged under Berlin protocol that US, UK or France
will participate in div,ision between USSR and Poland of reparations from Eastern zone
of occupation in Germany. USSR equally has no reasonable claim to a voice in the
distribution of shares from western Germany, beyond safeguarding the share already
assigned to it. Maximum role of USSR in proposed conference should be that of
observer if the Soviet Government should so request." [My emphasis]
The volume includes the following references that are on the fringes of the issue of
Soviet non-participation at Paris:
pp.. 1254-55. (740.00119 E.W/8-1345) TelegTam 2881, The Ambassador in USSR to
Sec. State, August 13, 1945.
" ... The Soviet representative was not willing to' discuss resti tution and stated that while
he would take it up with his Govt he thought it might be better handled by some Govt
agency other than Reparations. Rueff [France?] objects to our definition [of restitution]
primarily because it does not include gold and securities. I told him that inasmuch as the
Soviets had waived any right to gold this was a matter which could be discussed outside
of Moscow with the French, UK and other interested nations. I strongly recommended
that we not restitute gold or securities until final arrangements have been made respecting
.
. all reparations ... " p. 1255.
pp. 1275-1278. (462.00Rl8-3l45) Aide-Memoire, British Embassy to Dept. of State,
August 31, 1945, Enclosure, re set up of inter-Allied Reparation Commission, 6.2)
"The Governments ofU.S.S.R. and Poland shall not exercise their votes in matters in
which under provisions of the Potsdam Agreement, they have no direct interest." p. 1277.
pp. 1280-1282 (740.00119 EW/9-445) Telegram 3160, Ambassador in USSR to Sec.
State, September 4, 1945.
"Soviet member indicated restitution not part of Soviet reparation plan and preferred
restitution discussion be in Control Council or ~lternatively Council of Foreign Ministers
1.
/
�or diplomatic channels .... Soviets are not interested in membership on any repa~ations
agency including the smaller powers, nor a membership on any three power agency to
determine percentages for division of the 75% ofremovals ... " p. 1281.
pp. 1287-90. (740.00119 EWlSii145) Telegram 8004, Acting Sec. State to Ambassador in
UK, September 14, .1945. "Dep(a:tt~c~es great importance to 'invitation to USSR and
feels that US, UK and Fr~nch represeiitati:¥.~~ in Moscow should take occasion of
issuance of invitation to eipre~s view inforiilrlUy tq.at IARA is only body which will
,"".
,~
'
allocate reparation deliveries frorrbw.~stern z<;nies'.': 1'.1 289.
,
,
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t,
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.
,
"
pp. 1301-02. (800.515/9-2045) Acting Sec. St~te {othe Charge of the Soviet Union,
September 20, 1945.'
. <, .
"Accordingly, the Government of the United States invites the Government of the Union
of Soviet Socialist Republics to submit to this Government one or more lists of property
believed to have been looted by Germany from the Soviet Union"or from United Nations
nationals in the Soviet Union, which the Soviet Government has reason to believe may be
located in the United States zones of occupation in Germany or Austria.... The lists may
include looted gold, securities and currencies, although the restitution of these will have
to await intergovernmental agreement." p. 1302.
.
.
pp. 1306-07. (740.00119 Council/9-2245) Telegram9816. Ambassador in UK to Acting
Sec. State, September 22, 1945.
"1. Governments of US, UK, and France have decided to establish IARA to which
countries entitled to reparations and restitution from Germany other than USSR and
Poland should be invited to appoint members." p. 1306.
pp. 1313-14. (740.00119 CounciIl9-2645) Telegram 9968. Ambassador in UK to Acting
Sec. State, September 26, 1945.
"I. Divergence of opinion between US and British on invitation to USSR and on
allocation procedure seems to be so great that I doubt feasibility of reaching agreement
. on invitations for establishment ofinter-Allied Reparations Agency this week."
"2. Department's continued insistence upon invitation to USSR ignores formal refusal in
Soviet note to Kennan quoted in Moscow's 3303, September 18 to Department. ... As I
have previously reported Waley considers Soviet participation highly desirable but does
not regard it 'as possible to obtain. Until this issue is resolved it is impossible to go
forward with organization ofIARA. Failure of USSR to join IARA seems to me will
probably necessitate revision in our thinking on a number ofproblems possibly including
exchange of mixed commissions."
p. 1315. (740.00119 EW/9-2745) Telegram 8549, Acting Sec. State to Ambassador in
UK, September 27, 1945.
"1. Department prepared to agree to Waley's proposals on, a) exclusion of USSR from
IARA~ .. "
I found nothing relevant in FRUS, 1946, volumes IT-IV.
2
�;1236
FO,~IGN
BELATioNsri:itl.u)
VOLtTME
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h.i!
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"que'Stiotis.; ""(,,iW1"
,'';;Ii{Qti 'Cont~1ies that 'British ,~vt,agreesasto
mission hegiJ!ning:i~ ,W6r.K;-itnmediately~""- Since
,p':!:~par~q"W!~Ht ~h~t ;I!-PP~I'lS t.o J:a'Pitish:'l!-s)nQSt businesSlike
:~~i~:q,~JlHTO:S6.Q.~!~n~~IYllm~1W3jo~i,of~J1)eIij}h.,l.tep~tati~6'':j
,k~gi;n¥?p1?~~;1,'i~~h,.Gq:~t'h~~depi~~dI,to:,.a~pt.Spviet;;p~pos~l
.Ogmrffi~SJ911'~I,!qrk;Qll·rt!1B~:J.:t~~ !bIJ.~IS a1l4"that,questu)n','of:
iiHg,~r;~.;aJ~~~~~~.~)t?t:qeF,gQ$lCQI:lti1}.l,l~'~;be,discussea!sepah
'Qll!r~l:l}e%,~pt:~6s~!f~tJ)f)l3.riti~h;lGovi!tJ~a.td{tWilhbE1Jrounu
,AAdi,E(p~ ~qj~Jd(t 1f;~~Ilph,;r~p~~~tiv~~~tJY~w;_early 'stage;in, r.
si6~js";v:vo~~,,,;,.)\ \,.'" ""::, ",'::-\ ') . ". 'J~J; "_,p': ':1 ..,,~:.'; '~,f::,"L'Clf~").
" .,1;3r;it~h ,~egatip~ l).~d~·J)y(Moll~lq,9Ji,l!; and' CQIi$istil1g(of',)i
3~'p~~~~~)wW;l~v.~!M>n49.~'~~~;lS,,~,,:'< dc.':; ',<>ii:
, Sent to, Depfas 2071, repeated tQ Paris aJf;l$J.. c
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e(lObomie :l'eStora~!{bfIAllieare'OUt1trieS:slYouIa,t'akeplace
,! as ;sOpnras ·'possibl~li provided :tihkt-1tecili vilig! ,power
roLabide:,by\"fp.ture r commQ1l1 determina;tion l asrtd :the f ac:
•<J.g~U1St which 'the remo:valc.will; -'cliavgedil ;'A(4!}f;Ifi~;th~l.event
! lllemberS,'of iEAJ}'?msiStiuporn discusSiJig- iresti tuti~n Jalone,
laYij6m,m'such disCussions;if;YOlNnatke it'el~aF'to,them4thatd.~
ij"ri~wi[cIQseJcoorilinatiorrY.witht·~Reparation'; OommisSio,p:ds
'before 'fuia1;'F~OmInendations to· GovetiJJiieh~j :repr~nted
made:"';';'
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cOrPorat~orui as:;indicated'. in:CriIilea'protOCoES~i . ,
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'sh)i~ will b~ ·limfted)bY!~rio~e:secqJ1ity/ptogram.r(m~f~
;ance,( Qf·sha.~ 'may~fupnigh ·~n,riD,c@.t,iv:efor:IIiam6i.ining
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~sary':+for.lfuIbcollection-;:of:reparat~o:hsiin:,kihd.i;\FUll
G'erman~ econOl:ny '.will be exetcise<l by':occiipylingfp'o\vers
'periodmindnduring .sueJ;l.,peribd. nOJadditionalrl>eri&'
r
.' ,-.~~ .secu ed ):qop1' giviqen,d;$Jqn.' s1i~re~;li3ince ,ann\Ial fvep~ratioti
pl'eSiIIiiably..wiiJ he;exadt:ei:i~up,]to;.the\limi£ M G~inahl,dpa~l.
Ac~ptance of sha~ llnPiies an indefini~~ ef;t~?¥j~~:2:~.~t~p
pei').pd1.j~9.mphc~~
isfetsUaina. ihl'ay: iQj~¢t'is&ue~Hf'nJS
)r . 'rietat.<'~ilite'rest'-;'k:;;oidhl~}.'yr" " .. ,.. " ,,"','" ,••® ,!I:p '" ,
,Pp., .,<, ,_,YL", _""_''', .d-". ,,,_,,'" "",tc'~funiifdi1:L"'"t~··r:~ise'.
h"''';''''UTI'\11'1 ':f'h",A~nger: 0:£ 'cartel 'conttol '(If-Gerrrlan('indl4}stfY;'.f.9
r
r - ;,
~,-,-:, C9mm~~9i!l:tjD~r~~ts, ,ltb~9,~14'J},'J~) (J'~b~Hri:~i~g
control of German ecorrbriiic ;'resotfrces,wheth'er"fdr'
"U::; .", ...
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,-:
~ 'f ,"
,:,}J
!; :;-.:j iF'::: :;. ,tt
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J: t: 'j(£
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,~.
~i}e 'te~(ot!tii[{$'~\1~tjp~~~ilf'~~aa~~ir~tiikt~d :~~-11l'b,~~i;(f~~
"first· meeting""~ 'tlii)'.' '4nl:e,d. 'c!}ml:p.iS~io,ii:: ~4·!lt~p#~t\O~, 0*
"_~'f:~-.~-,.rt ,~t~
,\,,~
.
at Malta ana Yalta.
,.J ,.".
: ,';.,;\.:..".
pp. 979 and 983:
1.
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'O~~lGNRJ1:LA'I!.l0W&;rr1845,
VOJ,m.m
m:
1239
Jll mp.'3Q1. ,('~TAJ~:HI
thro~g?: ,the procedure OISubmi~ing!~yar~~lb~::'CI~J?lS'
"1tfiti;i::I:Iler5lf~'':\
:c\',r"L ':)},kSI'\l :~,).)
'\\:;l:;i'w"..,-;)~c;\,;'. ,.I i):~ \ .
possible\tli\t:,~:tic6{~iia,<tru:ba;' sho'uld "be'llieluded in the list
., ,~~ _, of thei~ aCtual participation in either land
.
'
.
~J...,_!~;'n~n~!:)(j ~)~.1;:j~O
..! ... :. l!"t'il;l;"'( r "
s 24;' 'i:,Q "roul;
eJ'\;;!lIi ~;::,.g li [:.Ar
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-(;~'f ~t":H}fu.~rf).t:l.z~,"9Jq:
'j
.KENNAN.
d:1 {!,rH::::l:JO
'is
'Pill.it~!~roIJ~~~~~\1ii}9o~rl'~iii6ntf~e~rufe;slia're"irnn§feWf{jfI
wwl'" , . ..,
... ,
P~~I!l!lWoJlgJ:j.;U
Gerniirn: corpprations' for'
. _..
_•'
,4':Fbr'iSo.Vtet ~nt':td!W'itlidriiwnts!{pr8posai~fo;
.
1.~,'f~erJI!f!n.t:oo~r!iJ;j9ilSi(1l"I)'~·n)')o~J ;~~J:atiQ~n ~!!eCh!;i!!~
(Pot8darn),:vol.~p.~17.
to,
.'
",'
""
"
.
,
~:~{'LRob'ett' G. (SP'rouIP~dvlsi:!rip!I;:Blilpali:Reflitib'ni!?uiiifedt'st;iH~s1
,;\Jli~ r~gW!A.S~J:!.l"9Dc~~par.Mi9~$O'K' i~ n [' i'W ; " ' 1 VI:;::' " [,,,
. .. Telegram 2568 'not priIitl~d ; its 'substance, h~wever, is containe
PIf~~pre/!>r: ~Ht:w.;,J~~,'~yi~i9~lS~;!f(Iittf.~~~*!~i ~~w~~¥,'
t ,e ~ll'RI~~J~!'Pg.,~~II}~, 'lJ.&,iMW-.,n.~f~.t}.'~~i ;!Ion,~! ,!!.Rl0,!;,0f, ~~l?vW~ tt
t8
O,(}Titerenceot!JerkrJ- (.f'9 4q,rnJ.;vol. n, pp, ~5,
.~;._.l~ _~H'!f:
q.i.'(!
;q;~ ,r·1~,t. f
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Chlef, l 'French
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�(1~
!FQREIGN ·RELATIONS,lh1;945, ',vOLuME
m
'. ;'TJ[ l~!O~c/ :t:6ICRMANIf:r/·.,1"S.!
W~/8-945:.Telegram
:..~.
>~tT:
;t!r..';'J .. !r/p:(;~f~::":
1241(
'l,t k'df.lC) {'
'1PM0a8S00i:Yf. inrt'h;e,~8~t 'Unwns'l (Hd!N-iWta1fii)
to)fJkeSeo1-etaiW;'
of "8i'at~'"
'!!)["'M6soow, August 9, 19,45-1 p. m.
,:]/_
I:IJj"..
n..... ·'Paiiley~I.fBldtisll'tiepresentative
56
[Reeei,vedl: 50 p.m.]
'here,looksiwith favor
,,6:t;OtifSifo:f. invit3,ti()IlSI tOrQOJlIl.W:'ies ew;~tl~d!\t~ r,e,Pl'!If.Jl.
, en the, Western Zone[s] of Germany.:u'~Il;~th~ 4p,~ft'J~'i~f\t-llj;,;,
t~~,VS~~,is. n~~.incl,~4ed;as a,-n ~v.i~~~·~o'¥}try b,~t:we Will
Allis'suggest~d' iliVititioi{to' tliem )£ot' tJieif'C6nsid~fati'on with
1
th~y:desire::w~'sbaU,.b,eglad:to hltve·th~ijoi1!,!w:i;,th,
'0fl~o~~, jdi they~d(.i/hotdeSi're( to, sponsor
tflp~·pation~Jlfo :a~J ~t" i;l~diiliirepa;hlti'ob):le\'ive'ries ,
Wi L:
;'~j~~,;:~:f1i~'I~::'I~~1}:)!~r~:_I~~;~i~~1~.:~~~:J)~:~r~~;j.. -:-6f''' T
',
Protocol ~.reqUli'eS a ,deterrmnation
)f:ttirii "West..em JZ_nw,rthiri-;6,.m;@hthB:'QnH fOr
r
. .;:....
'~evenr:so6ner':w~. !ij.~l illi:Winiiigrto;'d,el~yHp.''''dc,e~dln»;
,-l
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..,,',', JL 'I"
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'to' "that' tf'f'th~'/)'1 ~b',,}jfL, "'~,bt:. and,:i'E(~,i~ (i' te.~i".
" " ." ,9,,,,, US Q R ~se( ',. ' L " ' , j i ,.11 J}", .,p;1,
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tcFtllem 'f6~'~ppf6taqir' :Th&'atiifti'of/~he'lwoposJl i~~;Qjejlli
in ri1Vhm!1edi~teiy ~olloW:inlZ'tele,zmih.l"::i:il:~i'>, ~(, ,;1' ,.' !ti, (\ I,.,
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Waley bad succeeded,SirWa1ter Monckton as hetid:o!lltlie'iBhtIsht
Commissio.n on Repai"jI,tlons..
,
.
Berif.;i,: fPotS'd;£i[t)i:, :VJVlri, ;p}!.U1471( 14Ss)}!)) ;'J"J
I shall take the matter up with 'the French and Britl1Jh;~ratelf<"8
,to:get thA,Cowt-..,?l·/.. .ntl~Cll.t<> dpfine restitution ,jJl~B.ccQrdance
.
,:
'<740~ooir9"EWIg!f64~(·J~':l",; ~, n: b,~:' .us-,:; !":"~J v".
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�, , FORE~GN, RELATIONS,Ali94'S', VOLt:rME III
1M8-
,
'
740.0.01<19' Confro~AGerm8.J;lY) 18-:-945 : ~~legral)l, '
"r,,'''.,,',,'!.,; .;:t.,' -::"
Ph:e'iA 'nu/ri£,iiii~r"inSth'e',Sd'lfi~t dJniorL \"fJil(tr:riman)
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State 'to ,the A:mbiJ..s8a<lgrHrm3l!f"(.i.§,O'R~~ JJln4.~
" i,,,dlJiJ,fJjJp/tJ/(b):' fy;,','jdt .
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1'1 ·:;~:~:.rU);!~i: ~: ':)O_HO:i~:-.'-'X :w'''_;::;.:~:
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,:i ";'l\.:~! fil}
Rptd London;{or Winant and"Cla:ytort ,as, 393,. Paris foi'
219-J~';Dept[pleli§~itPtWiB~t.lililfof~Parill~'~ria'Ambas~~·d,
Political'Di'vision', USGCC (United States Group Control
sion).
J-~.,,'l
•• __
, . j ; ) !. . ,J.J,~
.7
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For text, see Conferenoe of Berlin (Potsdam). voL
fl,
p. 1485,
«1 Neither printed; for text of memorandum and annexes as finally
Identic notes transmitted on August 28, p. 1267.
~.
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"WlHicii )~a'i\~nt~~tea
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c:,.,
August 2, 5 p. m., to Paris, p, 1239.
,.
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'.FOREIGN RELATI('j:NSjnig4'5, VOLUME TIl
;rt)s e.v.Jdeil~.from thisnote ithll, previous ones tll!Ll/FtJenb~
,.,. ,.'"".,', <,,\{<".I, ".\\" "~,I ,A "., '.'
,\',,.,:'''''''';''~'';''
'lon:,,,··,,,,·,,-,-,,,·'·L '<:,.,1 \. ,"".,,", >""
'.),," \');:'-.
French propose that we i~6\inst~ions to General Eisenhu
rest.i.tutiQJl .Question mav. be.nelZotiated in Control
·~'i'·"~~l..\'\;;;:··f".i.1.f;j,··h. 't"
lS., V"'i5 ,Y'VD'V'll_l,{qUes
IT'
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rJOOR¥At(iYrf:..1:;~~
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1251
m
'~{;late)Ju~, ,pJ!Opdsal
~Mqody..'d:f ISol'£iet!!hashwaive(h\i:oice
)!)Siti~ ~of(;gDldJ!'AJiptureaih,,:SIiIAEE, for~,:IW~jW.~1iltlf pF~~
tl:uSCagreM ·,ufij.:;posiItion i\htotigh-,d.iplomatie:'cliaru;:tels: to ~t~
a~d pt\l\'~ps!~iJ.lIr~,nchlli:Rreri¢hJclaim,toipal1ticipa:te'inrdooi,:
'. qg.el$qrl{~p~,to~usfuathen,tenu9u81ifJb~~~At
~in'1w,Q8'$luikhel:whol_CQptureS gold,has right.toldeteriilipe'itsdi~
~so: admis.sioDl1W~'d~isio:di; Q~ : ~Ch'la,nr iPl>})Plilailt! :pa.:rtYz;lat
irepresent8!ii911ibY;lotl)erl gold Il~.
would appreciate your in,terpreiati'an,of;;rTERMDU'IJ ~eljlt
!)1li1!"~¥J~w~"9Jll!~a.11ley,1 ip~p()!3a;l~j~:nQl;De:p3!rtmE.tn1;.t~;ts~gg~j®.s.
.
.
!'iY91l')m~hJi,~~~{m~oPl!~:U'Ys~jttsb'
tq appropria.te status of France.in,anyeventU;l~ilrJH\g.Qt~~,;~~
!,LQrl,.Q1l4o~h··~~Pffl;~;.88-~N$l~R~~!Jf.f~~J:;t~Jftf);~~r~.;!1s
rl~i i:'8ff[, tlrJd"
>Il·n
.:(')iiJ':f:,;;;~::~\·I!7.:r:~.;:~~
~~~p,,~,a,\~rs
-!
'rove:1X>'be QfJas_
~ 'lot ~,'j..:~-:-;: ~'H'l ~\~.f:. (fJ
j!';)fll 'l!.;",~,i~.;..h'.~f:m():. ,-,
,1lC§lJ~W!Il' G'1~~(lE1b~1J:;lJe.i mre~tlild!~f!S .~
.
rtf~Wstt!fm, ~po~~~~~fj ~PJIJi9J\l~~'1
.
~t~.rtl:l j!':~:1! fFI !}q {fr;i tI '!j r~,(!':
£Ii.- .HiJ)"j!.. l
~ Refer~nce is to a War DePar,tJnent ____ _
MI:. Pau)~Y's-'ie~:t~r of Al5~}lSt ("'J?J=,'r~~!dE!n~
p,l240,
.L-,d ,.1,.:\
If> •
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,q
... "Terminal" was the code name for the po.tsdam Conference.
referred to is paragraph 10 of seetion III of the Protoc()l of Proceeding
text, see Oonference of Berlin. (Potsdam), vol. II, p, 1487.
is,:-clltlt'ep:~t?e) t~~'~8243i ~:h~1:S1 'l41,j 8lfp~hn,;:fr(j:!i(
~fIi~1?ifi;ft:[)!:.:Y~1;pnl}i\9317: f,) h,,;b!VJ'iu .,!,;
-
�1252.
. .FOREIGN,
~
.'
RELATIONS;lil.;;945,. VOLUME
.
,
m
reinoval?,~; ;'.<P~yi~l,lsly~'tnless this~policy.. b,e follo~ed:, se#ous
eies£al'~likely.;,tQ: OGCll.r",ID
sollie zo.nes~ whilex:lt:herS' ~a~ !haVe1a
Such "i:r:{eqqaJitifii-woqlg 'iney;itably ,·ma;J.{eAor:~:Wide:~Q;iffetetlce'~in:
~aIfdard$po,f:il~;Ving,between ,th,elzpnes )and;!;IPight, pl!J,~, undue.i
. den:s:'PtIip.~npo:we'r!iD:.,~ne;Z9neJandfca.use··'~em.ployffien!- in
Moreover" if'ltoo~'mtich' 'be'. removed· from'some' zones ~it iID"'" ",n';,' 1,
.... , . i
'.,
..
..•..
.., .
the\removakof·,too,little(fFOni othen:zones.m:order:,ro;
"
'
whlGlt"w:o~:<I :ript\ be;'requifed ;lin(lel';;a ,p.nifi~"p~Ogr.~m,f;okrein
to
appIleq Germ,anf,las.awhole.;;., 'J''; If t1
J-: ;.A:/secQ~i:J.f·:r:n..atter (6n;i~1iic& .int~fpret~tion~niay<;pJ!o.veThelpful
d5' rij;~gti{Rl11,46:f' tli:e'repaf!ttiohs'secti&~, pf: the::J3¢rlin -P{;t;t rV.ril
;;~i~s~!{~t:~~~:~~:'~;I~~t~ks~:~~~. taJt~injY"t·,;'j}~~,~~,
"
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GEfiUi£'\N¥-"
';"'f
1253
'/~·'i""C"".
dfte!tcj:'chart'ges:iri::' World<,p,#ces· be, a voidedl ,)'The:rpI'icing
urigmaJlistiggested;' by:USSRA'at .the:" erimea : Conference
oni thejavetageiptic~s fof.~the· year '1938 plu's'15%; Thi,s
.satisfactory' to inEr provided iti8 appUeMkhilll ':deliveries
the:Wesfufir ZoileS~and ;from ·tlie"Soviets, throqghout',both .
'J';';' :;ft··C",·;
strehdeliveHes: rJ., :'L'::~:' :.;:, ".:::,,;"
il:dd'one;mi:irertli()1{ght:" masmilch, the~Berlin '.IProtocol
that the determination' of the· t6tal'amoUht' Of'removids ;:from'
'ZJnes snah:D~;liilade~w~tb:i:ii six>Inoiiths and'that>intenm
,oo,,:mad€f.,
.everpsooner ' . ~is'{'InyView'ithatr(pt'ocedUl'es
'.
.
, . :lit .
...
...
immediately 't:Q:iliVite all :hationsehtit1etl1th ,repara-
e:silirfi; Zones~ 1;0 :su15i6itthe'aInou:nt: and 'iha:tactdi:of
T~ese ~otli'e~7na£ionslia~e!'a/ riglit:,equli,l: td"tha£{)f the
as
.
•
( __ '
own zone 'Of :occupation, the USSR shall' receive
tDe:iWeStern Zones:'.
" ,
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.
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.
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'and,'receiv~ :·repar~tibilYdeliv~1iesj;':'inclu'difig
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'interim'
aKin}!' 'evex1r'fe
rldeavot'l t6 'jifovide" iheans:.w~~reby
~
,tii'secure: sui~blerepar~
lsmamr·.: Until
.jl"'~A';,.l- c~resh:ould'~be ,
VL
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.,.~ Mo~()6ifT'Wti!fuSth3f;q945!l.LLI;Jni!:: Di.
,·'n';h'i~~';':';~r."~",1"':;;'r1',~,.'::'~~:':'l;:"~'l,.;.jtfi:f~;fY'".~'{Rtfu~i~;?a·i12:~6:tJ,p'~: hl'!j -'.,,-,.,:
F.~~fi{ p~iiliy' f3I'~tlie! 'Pt~i'cfJ~~r:,fbr:t~~i'S&i~a.'rir'(bf St'a~.
fu'~O$\:b#i\vifh, pa;rt'b~hii gf6u~ :lrr:~~,~effoH! qtl'l<SklYto,
'yo,q ,or
w~et~er ,th~ y,o~9<i~ti~. whi«h, tl;1.~ S.Qvi~j;s,
be :u;sedl ip.;,p1;i~ ~~§~t;n;.~Z9It~f ot e~Port~; for; tnl3 'rep!tra{;lOnS
of~corlntti~;~ri'titr~d't9:!!:~pa¥&tibl+s; 'bretPQ,i't1d; :~~(~t~~~
for which paym~ntm_ust;OO mfl.d,e 41 ;·lglcep4t.bJe c'UITerit'tT'
, o-~"----' ,
-~ ~",.~~,..~, ~":
n~s~rY'~m~~{'rjl?;~'L~hi:~;'f)i/
e
;,. ;jnoH\".~'>'~" :»;;;.'.
.
is still another~ qqe$tlon ,upon wh,ich 'some ;mteripre
m!1-y be useful. This relates. to the valuation ofboth the capital
Dient fem6f-ed:fr6m th~i W "!,.~l"".":. i c' '1' ~t ,~., ~ .,
~Wbl::Z6n~aria:itli{1~d1"
+: <.
" . . ' f..-t
'J.
delivered'from the'SovietS. Sih'6ethe reiriovals~.of' catntal
ii-biD
'WeStern zafi~ iri'{jij tk' .. ,. ...
.,. .
years;<whUe the period ofdeli:vepes:of,commodities IrU~'i(;J
may' be extend~d over :1HteJyg~rs, it'!lf~.~~At!i~r ~t~~~ :ff.:ijQ~4,~Y:~
11l: re
.,... '""
1.
<
the
;.-\':..-,
!";l.:
.l ..
-,{
'"l ,;
. 1 f~\'v" fof:dtiF1nMt~is;;for" hie LiRe;: :tiI'~tWii~ ~tl6furi:iisS16rt.
waiting~~v~r~f (ri§'~ Iqlinri~f'~14m!tR~.~~vie~~ f~iWft~ >cMl'~'
!
.1
was finaliYlii:foi;bed:;lf;Yi'Mt: !YoloW¥ that' M~lSkY' "-\vas
~en' out
of Repa.rations and supplanted .by K. V. Novikov.68
had two m~tings with){ov'iko~:~!n,.adQiti~n:JA?~q~~, iJ.:.~!\.,d
Molotov. The Soviet, Governmen(stlIl 'maintaIns.: that' the
,,-' artd' cI11~3'ch~r 6fRe~'th:ti~h\~~llio+als'slioU1d'M"d~t~hniIi~d
Reparations Commissl~Yi\4~' Moscow"andwish,es;me to inform
th.~!l'.. posl.tiqn:~ We ~~!!i}~t to the language of parl!-graph6 of
oLth~'~.~rlir.t r.r9tqA:~hL'~hich states flatly . that·tb,e amount
naracter,·sha.U .h~:td~Wwine}l~y,th~ Contr9,l Qoun!1i\ P;fld~f pQli
Q"Wl.Ssion,,,. ,9l?v:i~~~ly/,tq~~e po,l~9:'~
".J
• ., ~
' . , 1.
J , :- : ' ,
••
~.
~
"- •
,
VasiIyevicb NOVikov,nlrector, Second EU;oPe~n Di~is!iii;--Peiliile'8
~}s"wa,~ fgf;r0t;eig~~~ir~p~,th~;,SOv~tty~iOt;!,ji
~i K ,I'i.
�:l,ZM
,HI :~)::'.: ,XX'! .(',!.OORMAWYl
FOREIGN RELAT.I0NS;;:r.l ll4 5, ·VOLUME III
',9n~Repa:rationsa~:'~fficiently(!dElfuled fQr:.t4~) jR"~Ilta·ill, .
<:p,I!otooohlM1d~jth~ ;neiiFiwOlk:ron~l$e~~t~Q~.~~m:w>t,b.e!.
:perts irl?Bel'lin:;, ;:::Th'~ 'B:ri~ish i and*"r,en~h;.sn;~r~"o~r:
,;British,,'8ta;ted:;theYi. Vl"puld;.d~par:{;. ,(}fu 'l:]'!~Yi~~ j OJ 1.;-h~y,~(.},~t;~~l.};',1r
·we 'wilh d~pa:rti,:on'9Wedn~ay,.) l~lT.@;SQy:ie!. ~9.ve~Ip,Ilf.'mt ~<;
ignores our responsibilities to other nations,~cl:;.~;;>·
~m ldtrty !w,ruf1!or.d all;n!l;tiQJi~l ~n egll,l!-lA~p.p<?r~tffii~y
'rem'trI1:Ms ;fJ!QQith~ rWe!ltern. ~n~~~:,; . i,;;' .r. !;l!f:, ',' :i!;
l;
i' Th~iS:o..We1i)G~,,~~ep.k.wh~I!~~,ke,g :j~!t~y '~!l:d a'EI~ lty,l)y.'?f~U
"tQi ,the~:mt)U~tf"lLnd)c}uu:ap~r)9~ .pgW-~n.~,..to.rb~
.theYitqidJI!w..h~ye ~l;>!!~,;}Y!Olitq <.ti.w-;r~~ prw:~r,~io~" .
.
I,
r:\'1
, lf255
:)i,';'\'!O,
tt' ba.1"t:lC1P:~tt0!11Ji
oonferertce' lh.:erelln}Moicow.b'~:<aueif,·!has' stated.
d lrke't6'irn'O-w! what', the :Fre:f.lch a~'~ gOingt to') reqei.ver ~
j
])~f6:H; he ';agreoo!tb ithe['-Ber~'ll.r0tooo'lT" Ji:lpOin'tedHout
[',:~:i6f :n6gbtiaii(fD..ibetwMn ,Qurse:J5ves;,<Btittish;
,.
. "1
,', ,," «, . ' ~'
U7,!:l..i.
'VLlll:lr-'futtlOIis ~entIt e'd 'iM>'J'r6p~aitions'£~~in ·.. t he ~"y,yje:;lern
tht\;tqit¥" HkiY'mirsel'V~~'aIit1rthefBPRlSti,i-WOuld.nhaoverf;{};tllike
..
, iIi thaV ·res~'ect;"" JFIe' ig~ also lext'rerrl~lyJ :an..xiOU3 'to' thave-.ds
a definition of restitution. Since I have a.lways felt that
of restitution' shouldbe'resolved' by the Reparations Com
I introduced a definition of restitution for 'diseussl:en.r :(i'[lhe
"
'·I,·suDinitted'in\'[i8?11t;l:i~"rl1$t,.~PQ)p1,'~p~e(i1::hy:"£1I);ytotl,~mo:di
!~m;p:r~.~blYlime~n!ar~nJ~iq~~~.l.Y:-
accordance with the Stated)epil'.S)wire numbered 1770, August
representative was Ill)t willing to disyuss :N;lStitution
t hil~~Hl wbtild take fi ~p with his Govt he thought it
f{;;,hAtCtef handied' by s6meGM'ag~ricy' tithlU:'tltaiifReparations.
, 'to:'our~'&finitidD>pti:ti1a:ri~y. ~~u'se it{tlo~rl\cfu')iIi.elude
="utities(i; I ,toM :.;hir!i::' tnatlitiaSitrlfaR . a$( the":SMiets' ha<l
:to='g6ItJ.cthis f~~',aritnatJtei" Which! cOlrldvbe il~f! 'diS!
Mdscow ,Witl:hthe. Fr'eIiclt;~)~{a~dd~th~jinterestea '
!g/hi1)ed)l:!)[;:r~mlJ.j~~.ll:g~MH!!'flq;W~l~1BWfAi
,a,C!-9PPHh"
rem'ovals from';
light of remov~is frorh the:Ea~te~Zon~_andthat
weighed by the OontroU00unCiLbefore de~:Q5WJ..:qtqun~Qj " '
sttongl'y"recOtillD:e:na"t6?.s~t~tl1'f:yHbf:OSt8;t\erjthat:,*ef,n6t'
8;,~,~ ,,~~9, ~p~~h~"YV:~~,~o~~:, c,\ ~~~o:; 'i-t;spoil4~~' tii'a~we
:'0"1" J Securities' {Untii"'fitial,~ii:~eefh6htstfha-V8f"(beerl:'im'ad~'
all J'repariitlollil'and'-an 'expo-rl4m port; "plafi( .lformulitte:d.' t.ti
Urnt~d 'Stat-es 'tb: recei veiptL-ymehV;ior :dUi-l'.eil:t:rimpbrtM~qc:h
rl<;,,~-n'd'-w,beiiig,t!ak~n::ft()mrA',ftiiY~Btrek8 rfQJ:> a.eliv~f.y)to,tM:)Brnish '
,: -: ' " . that coal cltn:Jb~r"pi-()dfi~ed. .JilamJ-f.eaflful!tha:t"if'
aot'watehtbUt' sfep:Wel'Win:agilli &dJoUi1S01vesan1th6'sal1;le-posi~
~[w!l.r,when ~e'pa;,d.:fo'rireparittiohs:going:to;other'
,t,o:~ Rp~tERl!9g~~~ia~(~~a~fiJ?~~~r:~~P
"Aa.;yntWntJurg:;~~yj~eR~lJoNm~l} ~q,~Wl?1~'W ~V~~Il~ pg~'~·"'''''r.~t.b~i
1I,I1g~ment h~ been made for p~yinent 'of 0001 72 whieh;iSi;b~iJ:tg
no
right iii' tlleEaitehl' ZOn€'Jb;t'irifotIhation coric~rnil{g i~:'
·parently there is some qisagr~hi~ht·jvithin the ranks ,of ,the
" .Go~~~~~! 9h.:-:th,i~j'~~~je~;,~~c~ in <!isc~~~ioJ1S with ,MoloLUv,.
'. ;,,', ""~;":-.'~pp~~r,edr~~rW~,;~!t.h·ftlypoiriY~f~view;c The'm"attefhowei
'~W:l!~t'f8teW~t~~~!~:f1A~i~Pi~y~thi'~~~i:~t~t:~i,
): ~lt_. cl.,lJf..jlu.:1 ,.-i.:H-;U',....~ .~n' ~."g .'; l'~·ft· ;:·1.::~1 ~
. woilld}:'appP=ee1a;t:~r'ihfofffiati'o1i"';fr()lllf;~:£'as'to~;Whether' ..':; "".,'~'""
out of Germany and ·for food and coal from the UnitedStates
Europe. [patlJey;-] ---'
:::-'/l'_';: :, : ,;',i"r--8' 'F{fARRIMAN
"'. 'i"'"'' .. '
,J:~J3.ep,~~t~ ,to.:;W0lbJ?;~i~~l¥Q~we:),~lJ:>ap.leY.l ,',.:'
~;t-~!:~~
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L:-~~
.~~!'
'I}) L1h.. ,;:t{:1L-<·
!.:"; ~~-;,t<.
;',
j
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..."
.,
(.J,
'
. . '
,~.~.!-!" ~j{!:r.;j;iri('·i;r: !~7i6 trtr.liil:¥ .-':~:1 .~fl'-if
'~~..
'740:00119 E.w./S::iiri'5 (Tele \'iim' ""
(~.;.
\:.. ~
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ii ;1·
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in)
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tu ··;;;;O:-!.;(dl~;; ¥,6~CbW' Augu'st"Hr~1945il'6
~ Ji' ,~'" 'i,,;'n wt,-\r::' .-k:;fi TRecei~ed .Ani@st 1~4: 56~ p'
,\
~:'288f:)Fb)bi(p~M~~?1''ih~ffjif~:6h':represeJta£ive'Rti~ff;'his
;... ..Jf.·'
;::. ..' ,', ',',
,;;oj'.;:
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"rll"~
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~. ""l',Wi;'-'~
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6ffici"alli;a:cCeptea~.tn~ 'Berlj~ "rrotoCQI itiltlhas)nlide
"';';A~~ri~{'i'4~lij= H!.,.. ·.F:!,,~r"'~<~:~;.) ';,:~1:q '';\::., "':~ ,'" ',~, .
.,. Justin R. Wolf, Waslihlgton "liaisoll repre'-sentitive, tjnited' Slates
"'1: ...
4-:',.._
.3
,., _ _ _ ! __ ;!_~
~_
""_~
_ _ _ J..!,~_ ••
,p.,\js.\'\<,} ,:~.cj:.sti·~, ;i\\\ r~:~
,j.-
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.;.
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..~. 1"
,,£~ A1Pr~~~¥i1~j:m,/1;~;;-~~Pifl!i'l;:~~",(Harrimq,rI:)' ,rO, t%,~I,
ff"('.... ·:
\,.J_ .~ •. ! ..~\\
.f"f'.'
"'" ,fJl $t4,t.q .,'I('i'l ',c,•• , )
tQ, }4,~' ;1mba88ad01' in the Soviet Union
,'''
, ~,;,\,;.".' .,h,·, '--"""~;.t
".ll/rl,man
~':.' ~,
.
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... '_. r
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•
"J .{l 'j .: ":;;~!JiWli:HiHGr6N" AugUst 13, ;1945l-6 Ip::'m.
Fel'SOn:liJtoP-&ul~y.ot~uhe12S'18, Aag}!9}O'[~ldoos{hot'seefu
10'. invite WS$<to! Bp@flSbrc~iii.vita.t;Wn~ to: couht:ti~
,reparatiop.s'.: from uthrna ):we.stw,·.zones· .10.f(!'(moo.p.ation,,) it(
~or,win\1~e USSI#:~jp;rr6~d; ~fer$be, jf, this ~~Fries
T'l'ssn
ill 1...~' .dn~..,;t~.l - "
"
_~ ___ <,;iI"
"d ..._
.q " ,,,,~; w, ':!;!'I''-R:'NV~''W<,E.vOlOO m;p(.~mgs.an, 'VOl£',
.,~~__~l~g:~.~ ~~~,~~,t~., 6.p.lIi..:., to LondoD! P'.124{).
�. ."
1256
JI!:
, FOREIGN R!llLATIONS;::.1:,9J5, VOLUM:E
l1L
It) isnQt:~n!~dUn4,e~'BeJtllnp,r9~1:t.h~t pS,:~::rlf":p~ ;';i.'" "'U"'"
participate:;:i!t{idj"jsion ,bet~n; ;USS}t! a.n9:::PQI8Jld;i~fj d
~r
'J i
GE~"Lr
~257
~"-~I~~.;t(:·~
,plah~~ to'-have" tHeI,Uriiled£Kiingdom; fU~, ].Sw,tes Ja,If.4'
!the;'iReparationi~CoulInisSi0n \Lest3.<bli.sh!jor~~ltl
Ll:ll'Tll1embers.c6£
froIIi,Eas~ zone'Lof"OOcup!J..ti9nAn ,.GE!~~~y;HI 1JS~J.t
~, i~>fJ8·i
'no 'reasoIiabl~jdaiin ,ton. ;Y;Qi~im':th~::,distrib]l,t.iQI!t,Of. sha~;,,~r9
ern ;.Geftnany"beyond ,safe~ar(!j;ng~the, sha.re, ,~I:r;e~(Y,~!gneql
Ma~hnu;m~I'ole: of. USSR !ih}pr()PQ~eQ.',CQJ1'fe:rtm~ >shou~~ t l:!.51,!
observ.e;df the'So:vie~'GoverrimEmt sl,loul:P. s? :J:'~:l1u~t" di !;. '-;'"
)~:~.J
'i ..
'!~-i :·'-'-.{ f/';'.
'.:'J-t-i, ,.., ;'):.!r)'~',·".f;("<:·;l:,'i',:O::,··
il,)'
):~; ~:_;c:;-! ~f!--';d-}~(.o,-d(t '(~
r".)_~L:·
,I
':' .,L-;'~::>__
'" ;,-, .. ;"-fd',i. ~.
·L PM Sem.efary:¥>'t'8t4teit(), tM2.t11nJJa8s<uJ,Orvn, ~M S'oviJtr
:f..
;.;:. ~-y i '; <",.I' ..L ,:'i{: -;-.1.
.r..-(Hlkm'ITUJ/Tt}? ",,-0.:
1 ~-;j;l 'J. ;-;·~,i}~,~/L9~'r
1A9.:0011.9'.E)V/8-1:i4,5::~iegra.init;j"I'"
.t'< -·'fJ;J.{ :';.-?'~
j~kl'Y;";
'_:l',§'_:.z-.d-!
.~-:
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. ,L
to·Psf,; : ''/;',! ~-1:-;~;~. ':~[
ti.l
_,
·""'·'~~':~[:';"."::i
i.:~-r4f·
the~ draft-lm.eIl1o: to :va,r-io\is i;UniJ'ted; :tf.~j;io:ps -is it~pted.·,~.Jt
mended, !howev~rf' thati thec,te~:qil!\a"Lda~'iforfthe:, f
theSe' countri¢s;be. ,e:xtilndeg:Jo¥:;at lea,stl ope ~ollth;::peyo.l1d,·
:vi~.w,;.of. tl).~ 4ve!7Y~ex,tensiY~;ci!j,t!.lf~ h:j.ch; !LI'~ ,r.eq,ll~te~:: zl:P~i!t
'desir,e tO~cOlllIItent'()~11st';Qfr;cQ@trl8!3 td"wh9m~YOUrprop~sE
invitatiOI).s:J" 'Do): Y,Pllr. :,~~c6l):l,r.!l~Jl.d~tions i On ;,t-ms: ~at~r, ~
e~Pfe,'3sed(in :Y:QUl1·26~9,J;u1.Y4~'f!r.?l!tSp:rQUV,:;-:p,~p.t~~1~()! d.es.~~Rl
ihfo1:1i'i.ed?j~::,to:the jPtGG~ll~~JiYP:U,QQh~p.IIl:~ 19}1o':t.tM' a#e.r,,:t;E
. bf~la:jm:J$tatem&.l,ts. , JIl,':lj~rtiquJ~rj:g.9'igll ;,ffi.lyis3:~jniti!!lr:I;!~:
,tioru;; .by UK;'US~,~.d'FrlLl!ce:;tQ;~taQlish·(pro;v.isi911al: :distti
(Sha~es:.itrid ;a:re::thes~',conntl'ies!as:iWen as ·bthe~,clai
'ti>1"$tepa1:e"~;§£a,te!tien~,raiia:logbl!.k'~~·
'.
,
The A1n:bassador in the 8~t"UnWn:(liii,rriman) to tluf
of
\',>
\
;'1', it)',;,
A'
~
',." '"
S~ate
r,:, ;";,,,0'
s.
,;
:::;,,::~(;::~:M~~f?#'; AH~'st\r4, ,
, ,,"'.. ',[Received August'l4-2:
,I,
,28~4.¥J)oiilPauley.l,f' R~Depts 1l816/August 13, 6
m~1l9~M~I?-~ 1 9I?1 JCOl}il1t~~ ~(Hl:!~:
m ,to.·p;Le;
vi.~~d;
th~ ~:t;I::lE~, aSr e~If!1es$ediin! Sp.~qul,telegr'~
p. m. My
2629;iJuly n!byI.',
p:i.'1;lcia~;;j\~u..l'(coJmn~nts :<?I;\! :thisJist !i().ithatl:Ii,may.: pr6cee~ :to
a.li-Jagveemef1t :with'lth~)Uhi~~~:K!IfgdWl:~aRdi\FFan\le."c,'I
make ~this ,tl),ei nrstoor,:de.l' o:pibfisih-es~:!dtlriilg :the n~efi..w!'n!l
)~;:~;:
i:
'.;·.i
.5:ed,!;oJ_ n.i .. H~
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"
;;.
.
;J'N"(ic/cT
J? . in~
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i'l'Cc~~~~y.ed All~!?tll~l~;:35iP'~;;~d
Th~::·UIDjllis stilJIIiltMti cer1laiii mmotamE5nd•
. SjtoUour·;bropbsed;ldf~':ft niemotkhduni;ini~h'esti:tig;~~:l.iiOhS' lnii~
t
entitled to're a:~/ti6gflfu}."'tir:iliit(heftJih' dati'~
'~". '~I w. r1PtP. ".IE+.".,.~., I ..--,f? .~~ '-'" ~1j.J
':'
1,'./'
w-J
.. ,~Y~;li~Pt~y~{i:~~~~;!,tP.i~I{~~~~~tvhl~h~~~~lJlefely,
.tQ; ayoid, a.ny posSibletP:isihte.rp~tation9i:''''!'Rropo,sed memQran,
.'"
·,not'f.y~ti.'beetr{appr6ved ':by;;;tlY~;'!F~rfch'J G6veifiln:~,t:·;·,:itnL '
upon approval by France we have' agreed that")i,he'O:Jt
_':r~pre§l?~ttttv;~·;Wr;iW;~hihgt-,on. will:~appr9acli:,'~<?u)!'t\tith
!'(1;1 wvitatiQIm "h~l ~·t o'ijt \iiiQwedia~Iy."t.hrough(diplo;
"channeJs'. :"IJK,ia:Q:d1'F·~~.t:lce,wiJ,hniid~a;kelto· subIhiulid~nticai
.
Ah"! sanie;time., .
1'£'<LUl~~1;~~~~~i~~'~~;~~!PJJ~~~~~~~~~;:~~?~~;~~~,~:~:~"~) ~:_
~':
nO:00119J·mw/s-:.i445 : Telegra~
.
<.1l$:., hI!.
eXp~Sed;i,n",.Qepts 18Jl.~':to· P.it=ul~y if'.!'jO:w.; tb~ ;S,ecy>"Y,b!l~
;',
r
" , '.IYl.OBCOW:'. 'Au" s£.:15: 194~3/':
;... )-(~ 'J-"; t·;g}l; ~~_~ _,' ",: j
n i •.
~ ';,;:.,;:.! ,i ; ','.,-! ::;W,f\s~~t<>1J' 1\H!W~t,~~,,;
,?J 1816; ,;IJ;o1'. P.auley•. ,!TJrteh~19" of",Atlg,9,; :fSubj~.ctto ·th~,
.\f..
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'1
._,h~~·""""YM-.l.',
i t., >
�Ig$$:
IfO!'!:l!lIGN RELA'rfONJl§Hlllj'4 5, V,OPUME. lJI
T1I :';h"1:J\.JC)" .0i:mtRMA.i¢rfff_.):I.H ~<~!f~:~nC;"'1
at259
"
~tQtedtS6i.~~¢;sUc.\l:[OOu.D.trfusdJ,:re.~ttledl7$(IJI[M'Yejrullio
~a.t:Y~~'teli~~~i*ugust!J3J@lo;·l2sal~;b;oim:M;~w.)l'l'enA-tvSifill
r~:tp.n;l.e:p.dat~onf~J.l loo~d
gold in some:wh!ttdiife3!',env.fomn;
clud~sljJ}'recO~l'Qil(~1i..a.1itiont,t.aIi,Ii,hl}iosWgi~Iar 'COIiHi6ons,ml,thSJre81
tutionof·looted'S®o.ritieS..f(;~~·bit'h (;rf.~:jf(I. ii.f
o.nii :':fj:l ::".1
~t~~We~b:ttvt~'g~~h
piJobi~nihmtrolr;th~~ht' a;trdi :ealteful ~
.,
light of the following factors: ':)l{;;;'-.J.J .~.;fji
. i i, 'I(.t en/::!, I"
I
,the>
~dCtiyl\TU Vnite~ StatesJ?:.~ I!.~~~ral ~tl~$~l basis for}aying
to or attaching thIS of a;ny oilier goTaoolongmg to foreIgn ('.l)l1nt....
insettlenwnt pf past or,P;r,Qs;pootive debts·
'." '(M"'rh~,P~w.I,,S~ll;t,~~~$~b()l.l
resetvation;'f,o"the'Dlhteu
acts of dispossession of J
. 'from iwh,iclnitiwal;ijIOOtedl wit1iOu.t:<r~~r.vation~ oonditibn;tor
~mft'oo.. ()fI'his)'G~Y~~nt7'J~~~f.:lho#e~~, inatl~~r:tfi~
!~i0htMjsoo1d liootelir'g6I~Ifjlii'd5fh.iHm~bil~tyro!p idehttfymg
,gihr;o~~iotn~'b 'gotd, rMtIiM(f9r.Tili@~~iO'f:}~Mt;y!~i::modifi~ti6Ii
sifuple~2,pfiliciPte ·of i ~~i6rl~t; [ii:lmititiitbl~t~~a:oobJ~,
~ -.--, -:- [}.fi1I.wbj6~' ~)r,iW~~;t@a\i-et},[Jjy(G~~ny;:; fJfh~
su(jp-i1n~i:ti~:itiotil'Ml~ 11lief't9fitootwi:j f~rafgPapli i 100"
IIDa;mtioIi$;Booti6Rof~tJ.:mi!f}ecliln Pr6Woof\ilo/JMt'e:~liltedjHyi:the
by th~ Unit(¢d S~iks\)'f th&'Pdl~;dfJP~~Jruigo(iI:18ilIi'4
~n~ Austril,t by :A)li~edtroops (British; Am.~ri~n, F,rench
into a COm.:rfionpo~·-nusgotd would then be divided
countries which c~n' establish"·;thefact of'G~tIfiiih·'l&tt.i~"6:f
;;~\..w".;'~ jtiritldteti6n Othey,ihaJi' USBRi\jrFprb~iti.dh\~ th\\i~
._______... s·~,f),~~\t;~ .,..)~~.'0'~\\ \;,\,' y~~/ ;~\~\~ r'i~ '(\~:~\:~)..\J\"~~) CS\·\'.j~·,-!· \~,.,~..; \
'Government is similarly committed !t;o:a\poli~j\M"iestiruHon
from 'OCcupied countries of -Europe,
6umbra~e. To' t!lJe eXte.nt that .
,
,
(
r
..
1ivsomecse~i.li~!t av~:b.Nhl~reDi'Ci~tcf c~n~
~
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,-:_.,~,--"~-,.",,-.,.. i'" tH'H...u.tt'~·ii""""
m", 0",.1"" ,'e~g;,
aeeum~8it-ion'S·tfl i piOOib'US' rmeta~s 1. jfi8nl:La3n~:iitta~i'6Ii
p~on,eta:l'ytSiJ.ver;Jerei !il.li~d)l~ ImnJ?~q.;',witn:Jmo.Ii~iW;lgol(f;
eligib:ility~ of' ~~~jJI't:1trail,~' the:isat~Uiteij,'·a.J)QlilW1arit.S
O:61~.lP.6t, ~dlw~~i~~~:tiea:ti;D.eti~ F~o1ij<f~Ii,4~tj~~~~~~
('libemt'~i'J~uD.tmtJflt3 Y%bw:: loOted:"g?la';,>tlUcli~jqEs~a~
sold fdnrm!g'tlie:'6hurs$'JOf'llte -'Waf' 'Shorild(IJe"tWov~red,aiia
!r~~verlesiof~bkJ~.6iatshJillu De added t(,),th'(ipie. flIt fou
!Wat ;~:~~~u8g*,G9~hmi~sihn: ::;#n"~~).~Uti1p~?t8·
:thi!qwdblemiltht#!m~rt:iheiit! wilHl&tiliilliil~lite[~ Viiws
;r.blL')";;::'
tCiYo9.'
. .. "
Of Be,.;l#J.rtP,Q~~) •.l!j)l.1;F.;p.l-:ll\T'1 .,;\ \,:j~
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�/l:2QO
" FO:REI~N ,'ll]lLATIoNSprHM 5, T VOLUME m,
-OJj):I,\MANT ,"':',
in ','
~ ?~
.'
l~~l
j
• 'x{;1 J I4h ':;w;ell ~waref9fi'theLdifIi~1.llti~A~:6n:.f:rMting, 'Y;9U" h(rw~:v:erf
: if::·in,; ~eW(i~f~Jh~ tS~ntie~~p6~;j,]iol\:rrepQJ.1~hJ~ rj
~Qt~~lieye:,thQ,t:itb.~Ill,ep~tit)W>tQQn;'TI1i~i:Ql;l:;will ;~'.&I>.I,~1
'I," !.'.}~"J.:'j:!j. f H}llncl.Q~l' ~u
.
.
• ,,'{)'~;;:
i::
." : <BitOroSEiPPiuNOIPLE oN.('REaTiTtrrtoN.tJ~.r:,~ ,,;r",;~a!
Q:f itJ!.~lqu~t!9.~,~iQfr~itqti9n ;·Qf,;igoldi:.~,pd $ecuptje$,)Rl~a,se~
lli! ,'J If6atiHti;b: )iii" TA'jligii !Govetnm~' ,J~tlttltll)n IDa 100
\£lJ8*iti4tc~Jg~i~(jtp~@~r.ty;1W:~~~'i~~'f3iIRd, i.f:
as restitcltl~i1~lilirb~:~~~~t~W4't9 triefoU\r~g~ ":
, ~)V:,f:IO!J;Al!otr~~J:m~y;,~Iili.pe th£}JP~bjlity Q:fl$ettling,"t~ese;D
luch
th:r.9ug~;gth~r,;:~~p:p.e~)9t,l;l~go.ti~p9P.iwith!~~i~UPyjI}g:iPO:W~
l:lY: '1rDHa~m!I~~~tt;1~l!l~tJ9r;~~fUSWIle;Qf:OC:C!lpatiQn;j:
id~tiUfiitble{iiT!Jl,:~'irs'f:~fri.6yeq: !frpin! oooupi~d~(tlrpilir;f'by
'm't
w.hateyer~fueitnsi::-~ i~;" i. ~~__~l,,-~c'~r1 !VL"; In. )~'r-)d~1 ;fi,d .~,1 Uj:r~:J::~, jJ! :~:;.
':S~I!~I~Q !tr~.r9M-Q.,~";~f.ll.'1.i,p, ',~ 2~~d'~~to iWIlqQIlf'
as,6974' re" 'tedlAliRmsas3879.·;::,"
' , , ,.',
~I, ~" ""'7' ' " .I:.';' '" " " •• " " ' , ,
.,'
-' "
. ~:~d!'po~~~" ~ii~~I{ l~dii'~tfi~f:~~rd' '~gTii~11ili]~1:'.:.~uip..~~~~~inery? _,"
-. : ' :-~~\::: ~~l.~!?·~_\
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f
f
3:.(,' .,.i
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,
.ruJilmg S~Qck, other raIlroad or tra,nsporiat:ton eqlllPinent, com
l :/);·~,t·
I~~;~~T;~,~;W/rt~?1~::,»., J"Gf '~Hj
.~MJ,!l~~ti4;$,,~M~8jJ,eF!i,~8(('4?h!itv~'-'i~.thj;i4~~~,d,;
Repa1'at~ : ~J>~Y), to, tlufUnited Stat~8 /4ilit(!'dj;:f;!;o~e'f!Jifl
:Al/},~r.ll!/T,'E;UJ,~rm)i:;':H.!' i,' ~!, 'i)''':! '!;"';;\"
'1'"
,<,
;'~'
·p6wereq\iipii:):entr~:---'..:."'-'-'-- "
'",,'
" '
of art, 'religio~s, histori~l,,!~~catiQP,!t~,. oI,',;Q~KuJ:;.~~
"liqrarie;> ,'syiep.ti:(i!} ~jii pm@.t" and, other laboratorY.qr re.
':thateri'als~\tenij:ed' 'to: Mg!l.ni~'ec( inquiry" m~;~the\aif.s;' and
"I, "r!~ ,;
:.
:",';il,.<l
,':
"",
,- 'A::ll,quootii.u1fii o:frestituti0h.\ shall, be dealt :Wlt4 ,on b~h81:f'()f the,
, P!!gpEfrty oW~~1?!l: by',t1te{:;AJE~;;~~tl~AS :91-' w';il#v ~hey~re '
'JID.l~~ :~.u,~P: i ~lUe,c!),~a~~I?~ s~a.lt ~a#~ ~th,,~r~ a.IT~~l!lentfl
Amed. N atjqIl"frc;u;il':wh6$e,/terri.t9ri~;the;,pr~p,erty,
,,
,.~~~;,~,'
:':,::,:1;
w;aa
',";~:~~t~\,,;;,:!t: :e,,', r,',,' ',,',,:,'" i , '
tfutirui~;~o: :t~'JFr"itel$,:$.tqJilJ,#.ez1t~kerif.q(~"~i,f!'!bc.Ui~-411{ed. '
.... _.", ..
.;, qo:t;tJ!mif,~,,!:J)!'ri {!~PWr.f!rt~~ ~l'tf!ll'f(Y1 ':~~; !
, "
.;,
'~ WAsHlNG-rON, August 20, i945J-:12:'qO p.:'m.
House.N0" 336:::~Refe;renc\"yotir.~cable:,A'I!guSt}~th:,~4,!-jabout
,
.
lttiiy,q;o th6' varian'si
~~~
.t~)'.,
,"
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"'-._1
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c
tKtf."?t.ifpf~~t~1!~
V"""t ~
,,; t
:..:.t\
~
•
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See Oonference of Berlin (Bi#.s'dGm\),:v«.• :t,'Ij)pl151:P515!h~'~1 \'-' ,,<\\I,WmHI
.. Ibid., vol n, p. 924.
m.
_
.... ; .
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�'1224
'1fQ~J!l!G~ !lE.;~t\!:t:I~.§\l.H~lSfA)~, vq~l!ME Ip
;n
~r~~,t.<\p~P~t!i~ljQ~~,~~qF.'~.4x*,q:};~4N::E(~
:y:,~"
:".. J.,:GERMAN:YTi.. 'i';
',!l~'" i
1~27;5
. Lilereatter' iany; :a:d'dition'dl' rrepara tionsf Ipolicies;' fixed, illy,
b~' 9f ~d!ls,f:ij~l"equw~ent }rom, thl'\ W est£r~ Z~m -~,' ,
4u~mg?tli~llV~fDepatt~~nt',th\'SfiWI,!rfQifegdihg.'and \:
a , recia.telthe .De a.rtment's commen'ljs.
, , ( c,,;;'l,l,!cU(j:)
'[~&r)j ji L 9"; 1)9P",;R,'i ,,\'1,', '0,> :>"'fl'p"'ll!" "B[f,o d",)" [l'n"",I'J""'
. .n.epeatiJu"oo',MosCcrw" a.·;-'36;", lease "iIff6rlli" Amoassadioi'
...
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/-, • F.£
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6on~id~:f urgently thd' constitutidn !3m:d'
"CommiSsion ,wnic!riwilh be'
;Repa'}~ti~~ ',Agr~merit,'iriso~a'r.· as'
-
.,
.~p~~~~:;-. ...--.-~
~
'
jC(}h'Cer.n:edi:ar.er~rfot",p\;rft5I'ined~*b~~thl{,"aontFolkGoundt~; "'~C""-"ft, "'. "'~'f,'
IleU',l::;:a; ;~ii~li:t:ttinai-y:pa-p~r;'*,Ilich"lias'yetto~be 'sub'mitted for:
n'-ri... ..;<)'val,
Loridont ptop(l$irrg; the, est!1bFshment 10f: suen',
k-.lUueu Reparathm' Commission; . {f· "
"fA j :: ;
<i"
EJ?bassy is in;sti"u~~~itR:tsta,W,1,thil,t,",this ,paperl,by
, represents the fiJ;u;tl ;Views' of ,His Majesty's Government
,::.as no reparati()n 'deliverl~s ~yen of an interim nature can
:Iq!1de until machinery '~xist§:ldr handling them 'it is in their
,matter; 0:£: SOjn~\ ,llIig~nCar," Jb;~g'ree jon' iW haLthis'jm3ichinery
"'{U1!ey<'p!1ye",the:I',~fore, in}m.md ,to:subini~ p,; dOcument ...~tlong.
i,rig, ,theJf?rt;h99trt~ngld-ij:1Cu~siQ:n.s ~1J.: M9~C9'~' !.!,riq,:th~ Pllfi-j
1l1.ll.icatirlgiithei~f-aft.::~Af911ql.!",Jly; . t() tM" VI};iterl::,Stat~s
t ~ (andl,th~ JfreI:ic:)J.f:~roy.i:s~9n.!1.l;(}OV!3~~.Q.t), at,t1iept,eE;,"
- .. ,
'.~.~n;:l·.n ,.t.<;.~; '~"~I'~~,~ ~ -' --'r:;:~'_ ""i'~:' hl (f'::~ ~.d
of tbis letter in" Dep-[irthient"fiies is not ~igned" I At' thi:i-'foiiiih
.
:.Ante, p. 833. ','liij i.'\(Ji'J1 ';::niiifo:)rU'w'i: ·jeLl ",n;'lJlb 'I:JE:?i "ifl
.Conlfrence o/Berlin ,(Potsdam), vol.lI, D. lfi'OS.
..
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a...",
y. enera. zr... nan
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n;t., from ne)!li~!'p}~?;f!f~')"~ ::-}':- !.H~'
-l!fO:;' l:n.!HIi:-:
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')!.n }o -Hl'')fHsr~~~i if;..j1i'Ja .1~oi~.~11(I :.,;r.!!!''ti'u)·"t{1 ~.!lj "10
'!fff:fH , .... (.1 'l:"t'
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~(:tlfis:meetjng\liI!:tthe ialis~ilci.{o1' G~n-
�f2t6
FOREIGN RELATlONSp194 5, VOLUME
m
e~'t time ~~:tge;n!tble~,the; ~~terj ~O(sendi,8,ny!,COln~~~jtp.~;Yi
to their. rei?f¥>eilt!Ltivf$ at; ~pe~?sco~,ta~:
'11·;::' i
His(:Mic~,~rEi'nba~ lj~' jnsti+~rirl
-;~-TP'\)'
flr}:!::--.:-.,,··' ::;'~'1
~ ."5. r;'lj~"i, ;<-1-1
1
ara "a;li:6of the: d~ftt:' '~I!,
.!~~p. . :! J.f·Ji~i y~ .;I;"l···~I·);(_
¥aj¢fity?~ ;Q<»yru;p).nen,tl ,tb,\Lt:,th!'ln
Controlling Powers havejth~!lli,st ow;ord.irf'l1.b.fiY. j~~·.b.,Qv
to propose plural votes for themselyesctLndi .ta;thet1tha.nftlQ.s
prefer to propose that each memp~r, .f?b,O)l~d, .~
, ,.
course toparagr[l,I?~·,~(~;~~;~1{,J;~~r~',J.~iPt~¥\S;~'PW.~}r~ "" ...
q:q.!'ljqqt!l of the Controlling Powers, on the
of such a body; fuiding themselyes..l>oltnd..fu some decision
Controiling Powers, they would be reluctant to a~ept~
solution w:ouJfl .~ :to j.P~~'-: Il\UI.\W . ~~S~<#9~ l~Y,Qf¥l"'" ~L
which would provid~ that, on~ a. ~pl1ration plan'i
agel? had. been agreed, .the vbte lsfilfiila! ilk.according·
to
i'
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lP::'l
1'hi8'~hoUld,eJ,lsw-~:that thecQntrpll~' j?o.~~p?;w.q~.~,
to! tiut" V:ote,;:the.~oth~ffl:'~J;l; ja;ny. 'qil~ion-;i.r.r )whic4 !~'co~
oo~we.en the:c®tr:<5]Ji>rigP.Qw~J:s,a:Jl,(UJu~QfJ?~~~QyV,ep.$~~~r~~
Such':.ari, ap-a.i1g~m~Rtilw~Wd.rap·War: .Jp be :eq1l~t:aJ~l~..i
6f:vie:W':Of!!i.:r~p,a:biti,Q.n claima1J.:tJ \ i' " .:,:' ,; ,': ;! iA'
:' ,Patagrap4siS; ~~rl: 11:Of;t.he. draft'; are..s:ubjeqt ~ .d,scU§SIOn
detail, wit~~the~J3riti.slt ':rep~~tJttives on·th~ iQQnt;ryl .
His Majesty's 'Goverrup.ent are ~ some doubt abollf,tl .
couldl00!argu~~H.h~t them'is no' obligatio:il;to:re.qqgni~~! .
to' memootsliip ~ i ihe~ ,J?oles Jtre JopJf entitle.d, W ,:Il:!tixe~
..
'of the",Rrtssian:tshare.' ,;0n the,·other hand,"
'
,-"";:;.~~~,,,~,. ~mte~estMtina.si:nu~h£,a:s·;:th~y2.~r.~~,d~:ei;tp,:r@ji~,;51eJkY~F.l.%"W'
.
.
terms of :tlleir ;agieeD}~nt;,withiitp.e.\~ori~t. TIi»Qn;jr~J;ll,::' '.',
Zonesi and!LHi.s,cMaj~ty:;s, q,overn.roeni ,~!:p.o hatw.-in ~ V!I!
to be members if they desire. "!::);" 'I':;;ii",") ·!.i.···i!1·; ;;j j·.·liLA·
!WASHrnGi-oN';tAliguSt'31"1945i ' . j ' . ;prln;
.
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.:~ ·:';J.:~.;jf ;Jii····.;·;j(
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'. ,~ :,i !,'~> Ij ;'-'!lii:);;i.!i.)~nC~~:ll:e~.f
":The:Goverill::D.entS7of,the:UJnited Kingdom;United'States,
ari<1 JFtailCe"ate,li,greed! tliat-'as ;806n as' ·a.l 'gen~ra1trepa,rati6i:1.
been: accepted'iby all!th~,AllieS coIicerned·it:w.ill'b¢'neceSsah
ail'iriterLAllied ~paratI6ii; <B6nimlssion:to:whigh iall
uilder die plaiitt6li'e~iy'eT.i'~p~ritioIi'slian'~.;mvit~,
Im~~,~ RJ~~I:t~.R~ip: q~~ \~f!~~iIJ~!Bwf~~PP.~,· .; ..', i,f ~ ;.: r ;..
';·td.) ;T6iensure'J'<" Uit'able-Ja" iieatiohs~of the, ··lii.ns as bet" .
~B.t:~6Uiii:biifiJ~ehiim.a~td.:t~·"'JI.~d6h ih:siffara~u ..l't¥!."""
" " " co, " .
"'.'.' •• r",,··".1 ••.•. P..,,, ~,..
...',.' ,fthi"; 'ndt"
Control Council:to;dem..de. ::u,·(t .. fl.: '! 'c,i .•. " ,:1. .-d) g',
. il ('b )"!~'o'TeCeive !from:Gontrol O:mBoillists of mater
,..n.,....n,..n .. ',.,.~
~.
::i:~-J~:(:
:.~, G;ER~·ri".l_·15!
}~7j
·'-~~_~1~1.~f(l'0
., jE6 reC¢ive :from .counti;ies~ntitled to reparatio.Q. li~tSi o~] m~terial
·they desi1Tejt6receiv.~~ulI:epar.atioih;'j"( 1)Jl!; ':·;'jF!'i';~ ;)il!; ,::iih,:u:.
'To allocate material;betw:een countriesienti,tkd:;tQ;r~iv;e,t~p-i
!n·,in___aCCQr:dailcewith;repa'llation'If>lan:;",j~ 'r~,ijq,:jl:):-::' ':>(,1 ,; I
'n<>..--Fn'M'Yl such other functions as are entrusted to it .un:di3t,
!;
.;jf.!':, ~i;;Yl:i.·j~~~~.j~j!!I'JZZl ·J.:~jjt
if:'.
.~ ••
I
= r ... '
I
of Uniteg l K;i:r:wqWp~ i1Thi~;di §~~)iV~~~',~'i \~~d:
tC~H>emgisa.t~fi.eClLthat: a$S~~~a:nCe,of, such ar€ o mrnissi0njis JI:eqti.ired
a0-imadvan~ iO£l gtineral;a:greement on; a;lrepal'atioh 'p1aniilli 'order.
of article 70fl'~gfeehlent'!tin) re~aiitr&ii~!tea:ched';[W
'i p,1!}y; r; q~i ~;l).,~'~f~stq#l Yi 1,yILrril'# ,:q}l~,: i ha;v~ !~g"!i~~l: 19 j in\'lite
)vernment;>. !w,~9. h~Y-!i·,-~H1f~r~~ 1#;~W,f}~R~~l1; aggF~~~W'
. :tory, to take part iii Constitu~~?n ,Hf l:'4-)~!!G.:
,;I,.I.w-~LlLJ~,. ~~tpe.rl~rq~~ ~ PPY,ay.'f t1?RI,!Hl1, cI-~~1fmRurg,jcO?ie,<;h~slo
llI11"'l1[':;
. iqF~Cf), !iqr,tp!!-dfL,!;~~uJh~4~J)cf1';i4N~~tr!)-li~hj :ff~;Wo
_.... 'Jii{i,\-
:j·.;~lj!=::)·.f·~i:)_i~)_r.f"i·j-.ii ~ j_LI.~-.:·1·jL .. :·:t-1: J!u'-)!;i;1'j,!
q~'+.1l+~ 1?:~~WW1;~ ?P- !~ iglf~Wr,~L r~p~~:a~io~,J>,I!!}hlh~.I~.~.~;C.
.
.
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·;·.:q.J~~_i:",; :id
'<':!"i:
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""1"';"""'" froID.:Gontrol.cOJillcibli~tS'~of./materiaravailable llsiad
.:
ID,: ~orqaA~ ,iiitb~;a.triGl~) t.or~otsda,trl.Agr.(,\ement, '.,
rom' 'C~untries .·e~tit~~.~.; y r~p,.~~yereI>f1;r1Ltip~,)i,~ts<!f
I they
desIre to reCeIve as reparatIOn,
lillucar.e material b.~.w~n.,_G..Q,mlt:rie:~_represehted on LA.RC.
of urgency oftheir needs.
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. whIch Ihay'l>e laIdd6wnat !\-later,d~tebY-tepa,ratIon pJ~n. ,/'
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r:.A!.R.C.. ;shl!-lI,notlx3lemp~w~re(Lt~!do anytHing ,which n'iight'
,'
th~ ,,responsibilities o£thei CoiltrOl iCouncil'either generally
doWn in regard.·to reparationobyithe ,Potsdam Agteem,ent.: .
,E.*~rw:ew9fr,~b~lI. be.erJiH~(lt~w~~:\Vot~'L <, .,' ' .. ;_..
~:rkYi(JRY,~r'.n.wI¥l~,O{ J,f.,E?fS:·;R,. apd. l;lola,pg ;~,hal1 pot, exerqise
!,
"
inmjittets in,which.uiIder'li~rovisions'o£ the Potsdam Agrooc
.. " directiritefest)i; h':,h;!.r.: ., .. ;,,: Hci,'1;: ,; ;;[ ,'",,:1
seat of theicoinID:itt~e sliiiiJ, ~*iN<~#1iA 9'~i~f~~Plh,p;t)~~r:pl~ce
. tn1:l1S it.~!L! ,d.~tep:p.w.Ei?:)~Ji~h.,$UJtatj9n; ~itl},,\J;i.~~:.QOPt~ol
.-·-::f.~·,~ .-~~;.J~{.: '/
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Control Council and Commanders in Chief in their-several
'ensure to[the'Comniitte~i, ·tbritg'~~ti:iber1i'" li,ii1d. tH'st'a:ft(!o~
.
,,,,'!\,:.! '~~i!
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to its members (other than German nationals ),the,follow
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FO,RJ1lIGN RELATIONS,' '1'9'4 5, VOLUME III
:,:t(a} "the ~,fr~}~P.to.visiQnJ a:t;:fcost: iof;;'Getman£'ll,uthoiitieS
supplies aIJ.dserYi~s a;nd 10cal'curFency r~uh!edfforjt;hei~
ing",maintenll:riM,,~ciiomJ:tlod'ation an,d'ttapSP?rJ.~[;l£1 ~J i!i'" l!,i!\
(b) their exeInpt~on from,all, GeFInani'taxationhinCludiIi~
dutieS; "~. ,'~r j}:.d:::h;3J~. ~.;·i\: .. ~:
ill:. '1
~£:;.\ J~: ::'~,:;,,; !;T.P;, "'(c) their ' exemption froin suit and.legal·process in,
court, .. ,,: ,_
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:.(ii)\' tne'idiola,liility 'QfthJ~rfprefui'Se:S to'l~! fl
rrCe~);' freed:o~, of. commuriication"py I cypher
r:e:'I~tiver goyerljJ,n,e:pt$' to: the sarrieex@nt;as,
~~~i~n§,3;tta,c~.~~tgj~h~ Qgntr:q~'Qo~dV~ j . '
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'9; :The' f9r~qihg fa:iilr€i~s k~all' o~ly ,'bg ~grailt:ed t01
aii:¥,i
~'10/iJl6tnerfaciliti~ *!iich'the'~'dhmiitte~'fu~~'ri;qfii"eiih "
shali oo:the'slibje¢£oof ~gteement.~betwooh 'i£i ahd \the"p~iitrbl
or t~e C~:'llnl!land~fS in Chief ip., th,~ir respective zones.i~~ i~ "
:':',i;;
, . 11>8 tioj ~tj t'Q '00,1 ditionS: 'Of;p3:ragtaph9, tlie ;person:n:~f d
therei,nshall be subject in each zone 1;0 the same reg-q.lations,
,in thatz04e:to'officersoi;c6:r:re:?flf:n:iding raruq statbs;and IlatiQIllH
t~he' sewice', Of tPe':orgaiiiz¥tio'ri::'attached :t(Vtlle: (jbrrii ..
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462,OOR/9-:M5: Telegram·
The A~bas8d.dor M ihe'S,Oviet'Uriio'n ,(Harrirn;a,n)l:tJ' 'i1ie;
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[Received SepteIp'ber'
3Hit Tif;rS~~Stafe"'f6~"'d~Iiyei)/,to';~a:til~;'" arfd':.~b'r)~Cla,
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Draper.! 'Arnved'Mbscow yesterday as Pauley'S represen
ingReparation's:CotPIDisSion 'scheduled Monday it,i800;>:
,handed,;w.e cOpy'note,'tO Soviet-lmember
proposed ~y WaleYias follows: :,. :'"
1. ReplY.f!:> Qontrtiy ,COfutdL
l,~tter.15 '*bich"
R~paratioI1s 00imlii§~io:h1 ahd; w ~ic,h" asks' to'-t
'"
of· any poliCies'inrrel~tion: to reparations~
l?,; A'Pp~intwen,~: qi: int~rfAf,liE(,~ lr~p~r~tion a.g~nc;}) it,
3. Interl¢ defiri.ltic)ll,of,restltutlon; " "
t,"',' :
4," Prbp\ls~d, '~dnfefendi;ori ).diVision ' Of .repaHit:ion'
the Western Zones.
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Appanm~lY ~!'l,:~o~4, ',;tq~'.. s}}9,u~A 'hlty:,~, ~ee.l!,crQ~!',ed,
of thew~)r(I~ O:t:l, thIS Im:~ of tlie file cPpy· .:"
,
,1' Septeml:ier i 3 '
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ls Seetelegrahl
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411, Atigi;i'in, i'p. ~"
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"~}~~~ .16',f~~fc.~~a:~i?~~X#~~t;::4-~li~~ ltep~~a~tio~f COlm!1j~19P
',jn:'agenda: ,Nr :2: l'j,$ ~rite,I'.:A;nied~:repa~tion iagehcy.,,:,'As
"'you, have this' ,textf\which1defineS'~agenci~Hdutief,1' td' inchrde
~ena~at.iof(S " claini~:' J:totri. "'co"unffie's; ~~iitit1eqtl~er~to,; all
be{W&ri '~tich 'cOiiIitri~s!f:J.tm·H~tS o1'siich hlateriri:I
---~~ --·~.!~~~htr.9l +Oo~~~~1·~~.:,:·:~<·!~:~·.}1f.~'f":r~!:':;:L: .~ '\< ';'., l·i':~<: ~~
w l~uQe :
'fi3fior,
to
~ece.l pr, ~~, ,th,e,~;Qontrp,~q?l~nClr~, Jej~\fT '~~,~ed .t}l~}Oth
'CominiSsio~
consider that:' itii~~~oll!ci~: in':relaf,i9~ l~
embodied in sections III and IV of the Berlin 'Protocol
1, 1945 11 enable the Control Council to, begin the deter,bf the amount and character of the industrial equipment
"for the GerIjl,!Ln _peac~ ~Q11i:>IllY and therefore avail~ble
L.<,,,>ons: The Commission have not )lptO the present fixed
policies' iIi Tegar~Lto such determinatlen.ilJ{!':', ,; , ,
.
, , ' . t,£J9!?~lY,~ih~QrrQ~q o( tbe
,'si:i.cIr~dete'tfi1iil!i:ti()n. 'The'
for this purpose ,n: liai,son com
" '~ofnrriissioh' <~ill( ,be' ~teady to consider any questi~ns of '
or
the~orking ()u,t"of) pr!l-ctic~l;'ar.!,ap.g~lP.eI).ts."1. ,;~:r,: _il;dyance
hey requ~st that, the 'Col1troL CQu,nCll. wIll JIl.~orm' ,the
'hich,Jnay;'aris~~during·theabove"mentioned: determination
from BerIfu, p.
~{rhe'80min i~si"on,dra,~: th:eattention,'of,.the:~Cbli irni' n;tu\"cil to '
. fQr;pr~inK for;wardtwitlu1llc PQssibl~spee.d :botli' the abov:e~ ,
. sletermin!!Mo,~ ~n~,~he pr,l:l~tl£a~, aJ;f;lf~g~ll1ents f()r,adv~z:<;e
; t.ct; ,all ,~,!v~}nes e~t~tl~<! .t()reJ?lfrat.!!?~tm ,the, form of, H~eqmpmentcfrom the'WesteI'liZoheS~ ',,','
.
leiitioned'restilution'prop'osiFfo1l6"ivs: " ,
, :
,ifiable ,properly ex;isting at the :date of- the invasibn Qf, the
dr()Il)wh!chlJh~ p~Qperty;w4$ :r~Il)oved,.should be restored
g9ver~In~p~ of that~eriito~y in"s,9.'!ar ,asitc~~ ~e.r~~v~:';l?:d
2 of th~ fQrIll of d).$Pos.sesslOn by whlcb It.ha<;l come
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first installce the 'propeity !sorestorea shall '~";A';";jj
the terms of' paragraph. 1 above, include:
securit~es; ,( 1!) r:WOI:k~ of art, .religio,us,
i,
fixed in addition to tnose' included in, th,e ,Pots,d,am) .t'FO.tio~ol·:
i.
t:: L.;,1':i <t Hi'
i'q,!,;r,'~'t:~.~~~~~~~.;~9gfu~~~~t~~~~,<~~gg-#Ji.~!lt~li~~g~~tig~~gfJ?~~~;""~~,~","",,,;,~~,
',,',;;"1, ,'.~:~';;~ :~"'=d':"'~'::;),:,,"~i~)~f~f{,,:::·~c~i.:..:,!:~,~~~:"c~~~s~ci~r,
','
9Il, <},l\plll1g;
Q~fi"(l )d:ra:ft ';r~ply J to"Control
v.l::'~ed 'by ,Waley (2)freStitudoh,_p'i-oposa:l'lbY"WaleyraJter
. '~i~h'F~e~?h::, ". , , . :.' , ~ .." /I~;~"',
W3.l~y'~as "alr~qy ,~ttap:g~d; lfbIlOff s~I¥q. YQ~p:rop(j~f!ld
A)~~I?(rCOH1~i~~~n; ~l~ IieIl.a¥~~~bh:s'" ~a~ :W~
8?ril!.erspe,ci,fi~4·iin ~p~ra!rrap~{'91when 'llis hame'hilS iooorri,
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'.'1.279
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ab.qye:m,eI).~ioI).ed,;clFaft :l'~ply:,tor:ContrQh·CQl1I1.cil Joll()ws:
COrttrol C(}fuicil:,J7;,.,.::::J
ofthatzdheor'theControfC6lliiciL
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the}eferei)ce shoUld 'beto ,the ~port ~n the'Tripiutite Con
August 2; see Oonference otBerUn ,("Potsdam), vol. Ii, p,1504.
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FO~EIGN .~ELA-:PI9~slrlJ'94.5,.V,OLUME
~
m
; educ·a:tiori'aW:ot·~cti1ttifar. 'dbj'ects;: ;llihta.llies,' sc~imtifi:& 'j -'1. ~~ r''''fV,....
,other,·labl1t8;Wij; ·or.lros.ea'rch:;mateiia'l:$ rel'ared it'd· ·oF~ize.dl
into th.e arfi:imd
eq~mm~nt .
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.I:. !'GERMANYIIJ
12?1
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no ~~llitibIi1ieltched;,;thEn'elis:likelihood·~that:onB" .of the
bf! th~':Coriimi~iohr'may)it;t~r:: ptehlemi, ti>. iCpun.c.i1;:Eorei~
':¢ofidbp, lpext~· week' ~,I! r~r~ Sett~0~)aJicil, ;iIl.rs~ggestl delegar
!
~Ptepa~'(i).&), d~lflwit}i;questioJil.i)~
NnmJrav:, IW*y,[and' Rueff
·'('f-1{!Unless·ihstDUeted:·.;other:Wis!w;1j[j\v!iDfeo~tiriue
p~UiJ.lH.iif;h$j,irthe! 0ontroll Gouncil' libderitM; Bpt8dairi. ~gree
',i-;},~rge4)w}thnhe',respOrlsJbili.ty!ofF~~rln'ilimg; Itlw c:~ati~f
tiiH;ler pOlicies fixed hy' the Reparations Commj.sl:;it1niflitld
1~~'p,L<1,n:Ii~fel!r~f~r~ ,pat:i~:ifl11l.~o ;,Wa:.Sl m·.,e:ffeq~ th~i iRepalra.
~;""'eement.expressedin sectitiri<:liVlloflthe-:;BerlinnAgrl?6meritr
I affi'i'IiQtrpvepared::tor,discus€i theatiientsro.fi theil$o:V:iekplan
refer to the US member of the Control Coirncil for
I see nothing butconrusion atH:i-'~ivided ~ponsibilityahead
compromise is accepted~ Ambassador' Harfinian 'concurs:" ': :
'Soviet· :memoorinHicared l·reStitution. hot ,part ;'of
reparation plan aild' ~.p~ef~ITed\'restitution discussioJ}., be in
'~lterilatively Council of Foreign MinisterS or .
channels: i r'Fr~tifhid~ire question discussed here. British
i triolt'lhVpb'siti6h,' b~ilig:without instructions. Plei\,Se ad
'teaction'. , ' ,. - . ( , 2i';!if\:yolFl:lesife'.iciigcli~sion~:Jhete,: as '
British':araft
.
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b~~a~W petSJllfdEslNOViKQV'i 'to' consider f <J.1,iastioh/: i ;;) !?';
lWl·.-Allied i R~parat~ons!4gent!}Y";'j f (,~),:Np;v.ik.:Qystat..e.dithatithe
~tions;Gomniissiorii shopliVallo<Jate'plants 'd'etermined tbooa.vailL
tliefStwfefsb'rnHe oilLe hiahd!(ana: 'tlr'"
.,
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":i:he~'Ainbdj~ikn'tk~iM 8(W:ieeu+ii().n?fH~~il)l,!t~f'th~;·
.~ _!~: i't;:i~::i.'.:~: ~)!.: ;'L', ".,; ~'::j;;ff~~~~; ';:~; 'i::),; ,;.l:~;'
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. .N ovikov still insiSted strongly; Repa.rationSi \WWilll::>SJ.OIl'
whieh' :u'nd~rsial:td" mooiii>'sta.rl<lar(liMhlil'v·fug'l a;ndp.lev~l
'Witli] a~piicit~'<>fF~!m.~h [J%'diistiri"J.:·tlite !ori~:li !ng 1' .
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'il'
] ' "ld h" t '" t'I" 'tea'c"" "1 ., ·']"'f.h ., te" ",') " '( ')
pan woue presen.. ,,:R~W~W?!1,'1Y'~)" ~I?!i(', i ~~',nl/.(? If
I strongly pressed fOri~Hnc~l<l~Ger;wiPfl.tjp~ c4a.~c.~Jl a,.:p,,~
equipIl!).eIitd0i l'eJD:j;ratio~"J' fRuell supported"lj;utlinmca.tett;~
'ness l toi COmp)lOrrllsBl"i!E' sta:ted'/~wlU'l';'pte'pati:!d! It61~receivel
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'lana'rerer!tb u:s:) side 'ol eOuJv~;l
*1:11' ~flirig~ fj6y~jtfoj{' ~.hi~lfh'e' stated was
)lnmfppp'!j;icp.~cq~~ql1t#4aY'i'f~q,·.~a~~y; ~1J,I;l;:AH~~i!W"J.li
d,esimbiJity, ,sonifll!comprooirise sqlubionl;' rWia:ley!'appa'l*AT\:t]v,'
.. thbility ifrOIilijhlS i So.vtPt6 'agf.(Se't6 \jhin't~d~tetminil;tiorr·
character and amount of equipment by Commission
ao-ree that c.1 work be
P rovided Soviets 'i.c~f"!·<if'~;~ l~'In the :.d i.'~!!,',"{
'.':;::':';:<:!~ ..;' ·-'r~!.
.telllp{a;t!I}g! ppssl}}ihty ;'£orllla.1 :mootmg \
to give final Commission approval. (e)
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~EL4~:rONS;:: l!B~,
F,OREIGN
VOLUME III
fIT
~tP:~T!.'10~f
: ~i
r6E R:MX1f-Y f.I',".i/H
j
1283
'.': ;-'C'.i. ':.j.tJ
He 'furth~~[;suggesteq:~,S~¢reta'ry fGeperah be ' :ar+ti~,l?-, ~
r~0¥als~Trt>ip.;]3riti$h·)z6ne;',w:ith IUS (and)}l~re;Qch .
"
m~na ;that:ie~UIey tdesignate 2 4ndiv,iduals,tP .CQllle t to. ,lllQI!;4P18'
,'from Washi:i:4tfun:prepared to ,act! as ;pS:mem~t of,
mi ttrefUJ,d J])ep~~y~ S~retar~General~ respl3Ctiv,ely.
shoJ!ltl be'lfnlljJ. ~nformed i,of;'ViiewsJ c(!IlceIiii:ilg:orgaJil~~"~'!-f!'.~1!
previouSly,S119mitted'fb;y., ,Briti~h:' iPlea~e cable ~py,icb!l!m@t
.proposa-h:n'i ,i: " , t
Y
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'iA;ilSending',c6py: this.cable :GeJ,l-eril;I:Clay :and'\r.fiqu~tr ymi,
hiffiianYlm,st nictioJ1SOI:cbmirient:t6me. ';;,1 ·'r:-;,.t:!,if;'iH~]" '
iJ' S~nt])ept;rep~d BerHh' forelay;a~6.!t ,.;[;o.filiperih:
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The> United States, Political~A'dvi8er"
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for" Germa;ny
Becr'etami:of SfatD ",.i .r
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,.;"i:¥f~;,¢~,;\~~pi!~;:~~g,~i~'~' p~mphaSe' 9:¥,;a' t~,~g,;~W'?~ri.t,tg'fa~;jl
.
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,<er~l C1!lj,ct<?:'tMJW-all p~p~r:t~~p.t :qIt:~t.he.;§gpj~c.!. (}tt~~jtiitioil
~,~ / :1,r"V~i,d~iteia '~lea:reidefinitio~ 'of;iJnited:"St6,t~lr'~~1
, We ha:v.e b.li\ena'dvised' by .Pauley,bycletter. 1* 'of'his,views
ir~~j~q~iop:, I1ot; Rn1y ()t p~ltl,1li~l,.o~ie((t~ ~vt! a,
'pegm
~W:IC,'\l,F~Hl,i lWp~!}m~IJt,;,.t~a~pq~t,WA'
,. ~arl? tb 'bi:l.fio trrpartite or qlfad-rrpartlte tr0 veiilrnei\tl1
)~k.'J;~~r~;:;.q~~s~ti()J:t;~the'. carrY~n!r~~t ~,,, ..
: u,mlat!3ra~ ono~r'p3:.tt;.~In our'Ql>llllOn,
lQU1d;:;lllaJre:.restitutlprr~
y..;G,ernifLny ~o 1he)eX,~llt
. ' ,)lesiri' a_n};: 6th'e; pr~~ti;e~'~;ii~~]~~;~~:~tit;ution:
l:i!3l?:tJ:b.miil;el;ljti cpJ1..">Olidated'lists:by thego.v~riu:n~nts
.
U~in::,t,ry 'fl:vifl~R~E(:l~~Qul<!' he g~v,E,m: M to ~he )~l;\ti(m,(qf •.
<;l~!rted ,f9;r:f~tJt\i,tWA:.~n,g t~t:l ~Jx~um~ta,nQes;cpn~~,~p,/w~
'm6va;} l:jy: th€ :G,ermans'of'th.$e, itemS..AclmmistrativelX ,W~
impossiOleito'l~qriiClliissions' fforrCthe countries vc'oncerhtid
(;teimany to,npd 'itehl:s'prQdtid:~d; illtheil' cotllitry and',then'
r~'3ti~l!tion:ca,~£'$."",.,:."
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,', Hi' j~,{~u:r
V,l~i~':dllRr.~,v~r, tl)~t, I;'olUn~ ,st~:\!:, li~~st.oQ~ ,
cultural Implements requil'ed for a mllumum economYl)
and which if 'not available would'result in increaSed,in_ rc .
Germany; would inilita:teagainst· the abilityo:Lffi-erma~y:
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;='pr~",timabiy.' th~'refereJ;l~e is t~ :Uie:1etter from" JI.!r.
hower,·tli"fea(rAJl~~£ 19;'p,'T200;:'i'tlldughthe enc16snre
f;'
mention of livestock: ' .
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,
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:, close"w ce, in 'oral'll" 'to 'be 'aole to
as' ret)llestedby CC/of as'it may choos~'bn itkowil;ifiitiative
Pm,e to tim.~, .on,p,Q,I,i<.;!es relatin,g ~9 Jh,~ rFepa~!i~i:()'rl's~ttle
,l~: lik~ly, to req~i~~q~6I,~cJ;:,gtiidiJ;!ic,e', pW;r\:pm~r~bf'spe,ci~c
�1:284
"FOREIGN RELATW~,':1~"5, VOLUME IiI
:'1;/:; l!Yl ·.:~lGERMANYCl-.. ~:1:1
in
~.!;ll.\n(O'I·
;1l2~
teI~aiin')'on:lrestitJitionifwiU '£ollQw:nI
,i- "'j d, ;';', f;,'
~~tc>iJ.pd'-oQa1l~1CJi'{ :PI~:;tS<~ QODllllM~~,&te lSubst,anG6
"ou. are' accrooited leaviii
~:i 't~:-;;ililf," ,'j'j! i', ""r:",g
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'S16i}'oo<UOhdorl,1'f6rB,Yrll'es;
, ; MurphYj'please ',repeat' '4~,24, 409, '411' ahd 447
:1 Jll'~:J:"(
I·;'~
!:\.-}f ;';-~.
; i~j~ -.i:!; .,:·l;·l. : .. _', : . j-::';
~nu~~a.:a()r"Eaul~y!~n~mr.s in,~oregping" ,)'; iv;
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~,Mo~iv <'i~j '1'964;" ,~p:eafud itO JA>nd6u"
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arid
,..3' f6~2,i iep;ea~ed: to, US~olA.-df6f.'M~rphY' 8.1\d 'Clay as '412,
zone,
oMlv.i
without:
from eastern zone
[ex?] post facto 0 such a plan, must,be:fortJicol' '
Soviet submission of data ,on, remov:als ..made ,to,[d!tte"
ness,)to: ,pennit mixed Commissions of industrial expert!'?
would -send into" WeSt:ern -Germany,--to:enter eastern'
USSR is unwilling t~ collaborate on 'four-z,?~~",p'~a,I\;,
reUloya)s. along these hnes, alld to treat Germany ai'f an eGUIllUIL
it'w:inib,e'~impo'sSible'~or 'CC,to make determination-,qf
" "~haracter of,rep~ratiou~ remova]s,.frpiti western Gerffian:,
,-!' an:ce' 'witKprovisions of'protOco1.
Under these '
co,ui:se' of, ililition TEmiaipitig,'would1 he~£br powers
~0~~~i~~:t~~~~e~~~ifIlli/ti1~i1tm~~;
iiI"fonllUla
,aamih~~tratiQn}bf'foiit~po~~t rep!iratiOnplali-laS,
irig';pata(!USu:fit V'otS!Ci:)titiiluatitm'f of i r.eparation,
mal-ily, ohiriparute'ba,c:;isof ;UE:, ,Fie:n~p-: and, ;US ir~p!,es~:nti:ttj
. c~~;tit~~*~;1~1~~~~i~~;~it~~twn~inm
pOsitiori' OfJG~bna:i{ external la'ssetsiUSSR,jwil1'Uisp
~n~ni!t, Milp§lllry,j JJ?,ql~Wifl,~ F.~pl3J?4J~n-~ ~~t~ Au;:;(,~<r'.
~feJi~.Q!fe ,fpJJ!l'!F;r:eI;lY:9,., !ffi.a.i~ !e1~HH1~t~ WI ~:t i;
~J~mmtElIIn: COl wjl(r.d.i~p()sew,t ll!o,U. ~~h~r
)~~;~a~{~~J~~:~::~9a:yt?~}l::,::;;-:'" ;"
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1" 2':;~' i !',.,' :';' ,;'1'.lJ Moscow, 'SepteiriOef'i, 1945..:.......4 p~iri~,
,
,,'
,[Received September7-n': 30 ahll.]
'~~1l~t~{fl~~~;;ttttUt~~ti?;iJ'J~~~g~1Ei:~~':'
reachedanc:l rio 'r~ply could be agreed upon to Control
letter. Soviet reparattol1~praits~ia:to beeompleted but not,'
"""",,,,o.d! so,nQt ;p'Fesented;,,; fN~niikov: 'said, 'r~pootive, .functions
, 'and: ComlcibmusH,~settl~d)by', G:oVlts 1and) Soviets, ;will
iraiseissne"lat- rLcirrdoIl1 p,ext: ;weBkJ /N eitMr,'BritiSh;
ourselves:suggested' a~yiCOrhp,toHn~,e:sol~t~9n::,':)!~;xpeci:~ ",'"~,, ,~,
;..-::-:....,..-"-_.... f->-- •.
lave -gIVen c-OnVliJ.cmg'evIaeilCeth~s not ,properrlocatlOll
reparation;; worlf,:,~'_~ __ ,,-, " ',_,_____ ' ,', '
"
, Department, repeated to London for'Se¢retary Byrnes and
and to Paris as number 341. [Draper:r d ' ,1,,· " , ; , ' , , ' 0 :
i
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m0G,88ad,01'! in, #M ! S ()yie.t ,[l,1J,ion, ;{1lq,Tifi,manJ ItO.' the Secretary ,
,;iil~':".
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,Mgs!=;o,,~,,~~P~~!ll,)er~, ~~45-;;g p.,p}.
, , ' . " , ' [Received 'September 8~: 30 p.m.]
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,~,"."'011~,~ ,D;i~ l~( ~y¢~'~;: ',A~ '¥Qlowv WM.3, JeItX,~~g': fo,!: ,London
i~mediately addressed to him urgent letter containing
'-;: . . . ·i}i·i]'·i:.,;;
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;
·'tf>·;i.~~-~ ·'"):'.;;n·· .. i..
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;"' ~~,p~rll~ph~,~.and 9 oqecttOrl gI:?f t,h~,rr:~!6co! ~f ~~e PiOc~,
Berlm Coiiference mConference ot--Berltn (Potsdam), VOl.'II,p.
i·:·'·,!rr.~··.:·
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of telegram 403;'.A:ngust,30,'8:p, 'ill:, from Berlifl,"see'p, 1526.' '
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1~86
,')!'O'REIGN 'REL'ATI0NS;:11(9)45, VOllUME
XII ~~~)
m
nprl'Vp.M7,
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{J~··i~.··i~;~). ·.r"·u·'-:J~r.·-,;!!:::
'A~~~!~;;;l~lJo~,~w;phlr~~~9"Qlf"~!;r'v'~, ~::~','~/~o~r:;;~
representmgEmbassy. 'lhave
persoria] contact with Gener.al.Draper,whoT feel has done
possible iii. dealing with t~e:situatiori wit~ "'R,i,f..h: h,~ ,
I am ,gla~, to lea,rn ()f t}le)l.rm and" f~irposition the
.'
in messageundBrrefereh\j~'ln whicnj concur.' I hope '
no substanti~l deviation ftom it'';ilI~fu' fearful of the ~c
~r,r~t!t~ion~~~~ipl}J~~1lId)3~·:Ca,9§S4~ l!i :!,uture meetings ()f'
~n" .'l\~qs9Pw~, ,<~ ~i," c',';i,:':!}?'
i:~,;'5; (~
,
Sen~p~Rtf9lt;CI:tyto#.a~'~ra~l,~,t~ ~911don" ,.
as 4~0, :toJ~~r}~ ,f~·h',P.~ffeliY',~~ fl*~~. to"l3,e~lin!for~.I.ull.ll~
i;~:;.~,~~IZ<,;::tr'·'" :~.
_,
"[~ ~t":~~~i~~. X~~J·~':fl."'j)':f l!:;!:~!}~_-·;:_:·:t;,~
, rp.tg~I~9Scp;W;\ ~h1, ·,LoI:1Q,4t.~~i1~66l (fpti:, ;B~m~:l:a;nd
hl,1,~!l).tte~ded
.
Jt-:I)~fi1F If b~I~ioil?to;Joifi:m~fiFoH
,,~l'::j;·;1.iitj t-).~; !j..~._ ~~'-.- .!n~H
~.FQ~~ign rQfIj.~eli~jt!Lthwn, bJtfll-?~s ' is,:'fPI)-d9~~~:
Il!mde,d,Q~Jt~RX; ~~e!:,pf¥c~r.s >()t F.~e. i~y:tR~~Y' tblf.l.
Colonel Crandall, 'head. of, Supply:;q~'f~1'l~9ll 2;f'
\
f~81'
_~GJiiR~':'L~I:iff '~"1;)1:-~f~{)'11
afu:iousl ,', a~'aitin "ourVlews:on:: 'reStitution
L~lel'ilUHe
~p. }·ep~ty,e4,)~J.:~~1~4:
I haye;J1,Qt ~Q~n~8:tt¢.nQ.blE!:.t~t;t;m, , . ,
viet representative, has no discretion to'negotiat~
previously stat~d SoviettG"ovtpos'ifiqii~::i"'Iri~'ilddifio
/,
r ("
~1946 dea'dline. for. receipt"o:fdWdo. 00 t(iOmltt'Ql':,Co:q~c~l)
l;!. ~1!i~tetq;h,lIn. ;i and, ,; r 'f',;, ," (' ; ! (,,,,, q'l J'} "".. " , " "'d'" [{ [
paraphrase; fu·~orderJ
e~iW"£lii'~ ~~iHg
teta"l'J/ of' tl1e '~rrlQW3Sy'~PY
;c;-;r
",,=~'~¢+cf;@#~N\';fi:I*~:;~fd€~;~,i(;,i"
":,' I.: . ~ 'l>liIiISj'SepteinlJejd3, ;1945~2'p:'fu~
[ReG'e~~'~a BeptEim~er-1'4'\":1~(:: ~9Jj. m.}
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-Rl.:ie:tf;' French 'Representative" AJ1ied
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L [For rdocnmeniationconcerfiini:discussion 'of !l'eparatI011S1aIl
tiitiorp ,from Gehnanyfat ·the',First, SessioIl'!oic-the Council;0~
.i\1iriisiersi held '~'i,..6iH:!()ri, S,epteinben;,ihGctober 2,,-19,:
, ' L4~p.tnies'·iil'iild~x,UIid~,~~uncU~~f._EoreigIlj,Mi:iliste1'S:'
t,
."l>Mh- ihsttucted ,to Uke
_. ,.;t·t;':·,_- •• ::;,,~'.·~',:' ;.~\~
74o,O:01l9E,w./9--1i'45 :~T;ieg;'l'in.'\:"
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The ArtibiusMor'in France (Oaffery}) to the Secretary),
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VQfiestlOri o:f'settlemen'tTofiteatitli£io!llpolicit.'J";'!' ~,.. :::,~ ..
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5439. For Clayton~' : Foreign Offide'iVas, informed ,at,
of reparation views of .D~pt as set'lotth in your 4206, Sepr
French reparation grotlp coli~idered our aide-mbnoire sam~
Baraduc 28_who ieceiled'irifb~iri~tioh commented as follo~~!
..
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[~eceiv
.. Vladimir Nikolayevich Pavlov, Personal Secretary and
Chairman,Council of People's C6mmissars6f'the Soviet' Union.
Z7 See telegram 1964 to Moscow p. 1283.
,. Pierre Baradllc, Office of Economic Affairs,
:~ ~
j ' f .-;-
yy"":,,,;ndototlJ~~pl-)\d; fl?r~uiJl~y:;an,4,J;1~y af?il~.
, PARIs;September 11,
.. J, Om:, st~terri.enJ,of P9licy regarding tr~llti
economi61riiit Ior"puf:BQs~Q(reparati911 a~a'
WRl' potential (pa~,;agr-apli ~Ywas the mostirpilOrtant
~(
'.',;rp);d.J9 ,M?~~ ~j~;3i~J;-[,~9, ,t~~dop49r~B,irnes ~l1d'
.~; ;j,.. :.p"! ~f·~·· :-'(-':!":·~
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'Mosely"31 and'Pincus.:. R:efe:teilce ~s inaa~, to ;El11.b~l,3160'
" :, {ibiD. ~ioi;cb\~land 'to '~ptel ~f this d~t~ ~e;ding_Y~\l
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Mosely, Special Assistant to Assistant Secretary of State Dunn,
,Adviser on the United States Delegation to the First Session of'
'J\K.: ... .: ............ _ ...
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�1288
FOQIGN itELA.Ti'ON"S{:-llt945,
VO~~
PI
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~GEa'l-:M:kN¥'L' ~;:~ i
{12S9
:t.;}) ~1:H.i
·msp'~t;GetiliaIf plantS.!f:ttlpteparation;of
"~:n o(:'~ . .,~; I
~ -. Lm'd)·FFen~J:il! Mpres'~titiyeS' i thll.t· US
iligffand °oompilation'icyfJ th~ ,lists
i'~."lJ. ;Drusi.5t1o.r'9;lldc'atio:ti.)i:J-Hnllii':in:iid~liifi:i,ties.'· f(tdbrmg'
.
.
.
.
. ~: reRatatiJ~;Jna:paT Willi USS:W wliicif lilr:ea~y -'has
,
tOrAC9~(Soo!l1)ep~:i7652 "fj,'iJ1Oritlorr!6r ;~ept~;6)~),
'ai'!! ~C~in '.'ptep~tihg/~~ 'lis~y~f LCapital'~equip~~t
~ 'illfufilii denfvenesTI :'Dept~w6U1d~{hQ~ lt~ira.ve '-lists' re:"
'·i~·,~>I:fbtirl.at!~ion'~ 6ompileai 'and;'stibm:ltted'W'!A:OO
15~rl.t;!;u::
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s.ifioted't1i~tfEgyltf£i·aridl!n'tiliniittJt·!haveJbden!6mittedifu·BTIt
imoire from list of countries to be invited to :partiCipate:i.n
:It!"!i~f'aSsllinMifthi~ iom'issio:ri~-'is; iIiaavertetrti "If ~ilot,you
~ess' rlePtr~iewithiatf!lc1if"t8un·d:i~· i.iiVite~JYt6!paiticiipiitein
~~: si"iarkS j~hotJld'J'aitiCi pate in ;MRXf evlen 'if 'itf is: De:'
..' ifHlti.¢aw'ware 'iIi repa.fa~ioiiwill' bewtjismalt.!(Any
'!woliIq.IJ5~Un'~aITarited f!iS' prej\rdgefflent'ofooiliitfy's
t~olJ!fd tioi-.i object tCYfiiiclucfmg 1 polap.~;i ~ePi!j'aitadh~
mporiarice to invitation to USSR:an'(}'.feeliHnat'l!FSfU"l)::and
.iil!;M6ScOw'iili8ii1(:rt£tie')O&~(~ion: Mi~liaiic{hf
., tb,:exptessi·Vi~w iii.f~tinDJ.ly' "thiitiI~1:MJ:i~ bb.hroody:'*hich
reparittf~n 'deli:V~~ies. fiomiWeaMrhl2;9'nci;!c\}.i /. i
; .. : ; (;;' !
'Ov-islonrof 'orte; -vote ;fdilhhs·illemberJ iSI entirely satisfactory' tb .
votiil~ applies!to,t'erms of ,reieren.ce~,pfoCeE1:ureB~ !policy
1:tot' fA); ahtti.al.~noca~o* ofl);pecific plant,aiid equipment,
~uHJ.,<bel.h!indlf¥l;:Und,e-r ,some ~a.utOnU:l.tlc·: pr6cedur~;'jiueh; ~
~ested:in,::paFag:r~ph:~6;:below;'il"'It~might~b"e~usefUJ.~":~;'add,,,"",",·
,provision that dooision-is-taken.bylmajority 'vote of members'
and that if member govetnment is entitled.i,~Y)9,t, o~ ,q~1,l\lcr
.,.~I?".·~~~£~\Hf ?~~~~. ~!fflI~~~tP.w:~~r :~t:,\W/~~,~ ;~PPJ;~\ ~ther.
1,~!~~~~~~'~~r1b~:lt~~:\~ta~r~W[{y1~~o~~:~~~~
m'aclllndry and equipment which they would like to
aration frqm G~rm~y.. "Thl~-proVlsionsho~l~,
list:s, "subl1li~tep-" pr;ior to.,allocation pf pe~~ep.ta~
'fr6Hi{}ei'ihany ·'£I\d'fili.iiJ "o£.I:1ot,a1 '8r, .
. ~ .... \, ... \., ~lf.·t '...\.... ~ .. , ··t'\~,'.... ,"
western zones, are reqUl~aSBa:SlS for aJl6ca:t~on of
'TH~i F,!.olY~H~ j~b~~~f~-9!.l!R~ H\~A)jlWp::vrations C~UU111::;tW
~<?) ,~e~~r.~~ ,81" ~~~~~~,ap:~~Ji~l~h 'l~~q~~~hn iF,'u~~e.r"'i~~'
~1~~~;.th~~,;a~Wl~nraJlv~, :~iJPP}\~ttWi.(:~~~e·J"H;" Imp.p$.$l'p)l
.. For text of aide-memoire, see p. 1275;; ~e~~~:t'F' "
her 14, 8 p.m., to London, transmitting abIlreviate{f"text,
:IJ;I:~~ ·~:;,I~~!;~fr1··":!~~~!'·~1 .~.
l
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'~'~'~'lh~~~ i::::',~;~/:,' ~:r~"
,!{lfi?p'e~~g~(~~d' i~Y.hlfot delay business of other coUntries.
~~lWj, ~p.ftr! ,J?,t;i~f;q}\R~1jtt)t~il~·F?J.l~~~1}Wg. Jip'Y~R1 Pll1Yr. be
m,aJorlty vote to demslO:t;l they are rell,l~~~~t,tqMQep~.., 4-Q.C
It - " _
Comma1,lders have veto pow,er oy~r w~at {ifre~ove~ a:r;t9-, "no
ot;lconeern' ;ii:i')'alloda;ti~Ilt 'o:f'.'prQperty::tli~y h'ave'ld~ided is
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lP~r,t18~:p,~~~;!t$'P~PJ?o~:tl,J9~jd.l$V~$S1,op:,ratMF,rth!J,tl: ,ch,arter
adherence is .requested. This is probablyjIlfpHcit in Brit
Invitation should also make clear that lARA is technical
:-~, ~',
:.
'l: .
�VOLUME III
?
"
,1291
lJ i ~iJl;"I.f']1 ,:'4-o.~~~Nr;\X~H -;1~lT:;W::r;£
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~'~"1:-
!
ae::reea..tnat. Ge:n:!1~~Y\· ~QJ11d; ,be
_. _. tions iii kind 'for
-~~ It '-Was~:fud;het'
consider the question
;; i"i·
.
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"
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'wilF¥t;"fftb'llle 'rsdn
~(: ,_ ttl'· ,;·IT.::; 'r~: '~~f{Rfq;u: '
exnress:my. g.faiifi~itibWlat }ourwHlin'gne.<Js\ toJ.~~~·.'this
arduousiinission~:>;~::·{l-! ~.: . . . ;,,; )"'·",~;:.rr n:;.· !~.).t~J l~!~! ~~; "~U~,~;
1
!3ince;ely-y'ours,;,.>\· ,\-", ,:.,.".\,,;\ .'.'- Hl;\<f,~ ~i,,,rr:rll}nMj'
i G~:rtnan;' repiira~ion:~ will, continu~llto' 'b~, a;:PA'obleh{lfor
."iStateS"arld' tn~i'¥orld\ fof:yeai-$.'to!}coriie .9Tbelie~~'thht
~';:-.:
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;.-.';:-.q "1"'."~' -:~'''?'1. ~';:
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,.:.~lflt·i1fi-rtof;;~~ec1i{h. is.p(W~rI)~.:,I;~,lil;te;.co~IJiile!~JJritdt;a~k!;
('9 f i~p,re§~~twg\~n<}assistj!lg, the fli.W5iQ.~~t :ip. ~~plpring.,
and negotiating tne formulae an4 methods forex~ct-ing
;ririci.;~~nrn'.na~d~l~;:~fi!;i;:g~~~f~·~i~g~~1\~i'~.~~~~·~t;. ;~.i;~~~~.
'.. tr~~(t~f~~nR~JPi.?~I?!lJpr·rt.l1~. ft;'~~l~ent ;~gg ..
of mymlss~9n,J9getl~er::;w.lt4.the..d®u~eDt~ :.
'; ~~_such s~~~'~ a~ to be of·tf~.,fV~~~~t~~~Ji;\~\tg~h<l(~pep~~t~·
.J::~rthe'meap.t1p1e'I; woulq,greatly ,appr\'!C-I~te It If! eould;get
' "tOI~(~he ".l- '.:;t ~',J-:' .)~
$£ii~t.t~pi(n.imen~ tQ".~, t._," , " ... ~. •
:th'~;';¥~m6ra:~:dWn:qi:\J.the .
. f.,~,:j.; .•,:
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;~~ ;,1}~r;11'\I (~f.?tR~~~ i~y.la,t!Mj~p; ~eRlttaF1q~~~'J?· W~,19l)
tOiY:Qtrr;~<.i;~pax:tnJ.:ffi!e$OIJle,tiii'l.e, a.go.,:As
fihave,a;lready
'~';";"'~:"..,.;,:.,~,,,, '1oll1Illunications 1 ie~l tfiat'itiis importanVihthe
~i;JJ~mtt:;t!,~~~~t~r~!:;~;r:al
. -work on GeI'i;li~.,r~p~l,'~~1,~n$,r·9~~1aJ:(J,;.mattel:s
-yO).lr early attention. These include:' " _', , .
;fl;o~t~i~!1;N,q~io~~"~',"i\~~'.~;>T~ ";!';~l:!:'~J!:: :':"J'..~:'Js:""
t>
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rit~·.ihe iti1l6~ng 'fat~if ~ Tf..:.1
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betweendh~, Up.it~~:b,King4!lmF't.h~ 'U~ited; St"ates, ~ anq
:rl[;'
,r~!!cin!n'1:f iIi, ;~eterm~i~g,the.fs~~r~' of! tli~
_ . __ .. '
.
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-; ':)iy .~~JL~:~l.r;~~~lei, ;.~,~~eFgbYcd~~jgQ,f\te; yop; to; ~c~;~~h!l~
representatIve, 'wIth the rank of ,A.-mbassador, to
me in.explbfirg?A~v~~Op,~,tig~R.~/1egQ~i~t.ing,·' .
for ex'acting rep~~~tionS'!rolli;,tIXe .iliij:(r~2t' 111t~1':!1.1i:?
" -"Ththis .'matter;~ yO].l -Will J r'~i?f~1l}t .me .in ;de;alilll!
interesteii'hations! of'. " ", ';,!
...._,(;
:-~:,; •... '
i
m(HVi," iru6tllrtioi).s. to'filteen~'claim:int: nations; wene sent
~i)th~]. ~Pllrr~ment :.on,,A,ugllst j28 ,il\accordanqewjth; the
My' D'E~ItMR.~S:E~iiE;"lR±:·;
~.·?··'~1
i
.
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.. See the letter from Mr. Pauley to General Clay. August 11,
.:::;... /1 " l:-~' ~.("\~.J':~.! .
, the'anrulysls,,'of'ithe, (data suoilut!tedt!by :these
aeY,eJ9pment of a.,pt;'eliri1jnary:; truble .()f?;;p,",rq~I\tag~,
Ijoldiilg. of an,.inteffla,~io_nal '.conference/for ,the;mir
_ ·an agreeme~t .on percentag~ shar(\S. You ·wi~l :>fish
,inv:i ting· ,the SbTIef:?Uni'61Fiisajji ol)serYer.at't1rns\lbn-tet~ll:ce.
'r r=, .. }\(~ :.~t'f::1. '. ~._:..-.: I; ;.."~.~ '":'",
'r~~;-J ii~ LH~ :Tcv~'~
". . . "'" Jtg.por~ ,q.l,l,::<~~~aI! ,Repao:';l).j;~l!9!3, .t()"tJjerx~~tMll~ qt
-February to September 1945"" WaS forwarded to PreSident
accomPlloyihf(: lettel.'ijrom; ·MEisSrs. Pii,rile'y ;'aiid .:J,iiI'iiif !da'tea
il,,_;~H!(!l:\!ha.~rwt be~?(p!1blJs~u:;!'I"a..lt~p~j:!,l!a:rk':.·
'p'ot,:Jdam). vol. g, p: ~.
.'
•
nrjntpd.-. comprised ;Appentlix 3~
�, '1292
FOREIGN
REtATiONSi H1'9'4 5,
VOLUME
m
UJ ·:{h:;~LHY.:·
.1.
i¢E~r} !','~~j
1~~
>1!}'!~:u~n~'r
rUnenti~~t.t,ili!'SUbjeethtJ;l:d,tbe,,:,ttti,udeo~Ith~'Sta~iO~pl!-~wrl!~
;' pro,,'
an,ism' P?,',§l,'~;~,'~Ycj§1fC;.t;li'~,F,~,+g~¥\jY"1:iHf1'H
seat
~.e,,~hIef:,cJ~HPAA~:;natiQ~!il,
'Yil~P; ,Nl~
functIOns
§lP~i6.,«s~PJ.I;l:Il~'2pi91)~p,;,i~'?, ,~~~
to settle dISPUtes WIth reference
••
_
.' . ..,; ,.-
" , 'I·'
-
,
..
'(13~!' [.Jnitli'il :s.t'AJitJe's ReparatiO'l't8 Claims
"q(i'.h~HG:9Y,eroment ;oilithe,rUni~d $ta~
,nf}Ho~~ ;~Wge, F~}l,ir:~~ w,prep.~Fe,a,t/l,l;)\l~"'~L'!fL
Its reparatIOns claIm. , .The Umted
'of the Isilit.e' 'Dep'a'ttfi{efi~\v'ltl{~tl~li}:
th6'~ar; i ~a.yY~ lc&nd 'Trea~itry', 'Deparlments~'iMid
·~~Cles. "J.I
,"I
·:?{)f';j.LI~jf~i ·i~Ht.~ .~dJHt~~l·l\it
The purpose'of the United States jus{,mCItI;~l-W.'I1.~
~herefore;' a.ppr~iatei ,the;,pepartJ:J'l-el\t'81~~g t ;we,' ~~
'Ole ,With"the ,inform.ationi and data, ,~"VJl.iJ..aQl~ ,~.itj ,a.;nQ.
the govenupen't with;r:es~t;tQ, t~,~~t,t.ef:;j ~c;l
lte :f:i:,~~s'of;tlie'~lla.rtnl.ent.;H!
j:;li-'Oi! ';""'\1"'('1
lconversatiori. with:!the:P.residenti thiS;,:r;noming,jJlt~j!> ,m~
, ;I PfoeeOO1withithls, iWork:and:c6mplete it, at,;the~~rli~
.w.u.w.entr; 'jTbigi :.mn;Jofn CoU1'S~ inivolv~~a,:trip., fA? ,thefJ?;a.ci,fip
i'Ii
therlimidutur~;a.ar
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~Mltt~-:,+n.i;rs,
lO·;'ff r.'l!f;\)~
r"i~:ii !~,iH!Jl-" ~Dwm!W.·,l?:A~
~j'. fnl:hi'<:~:,:=i :~ .... ; ,.1-; ; ".:; --,;
l;j.. ij; .~ ~{~{,;.~!{ .. ~
C()n!1Cn/9-17~5:Telegram·.;.,h·~')(f n;,--i i'jn'i'J;:':!d'?~;'l jt)
::!'!:'1"1:\]
'fi ,~.
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''8~hieitzn!y\ of ;SULtJ' td th.eI'':£illlia88ailof. iin\f'tM "United
f
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I,,:::;;' '~::~~~3~f~~:::/j;I~~!i'!'[:,;2 )jl:",~.~!l",:~:"
ot)
h ':;! I.i 'J ';;,'! W.:A:S¥I'NGTI>:N>~ Sep~JP.Q:E!:\", 11:, J9{~;; § ,p., I!l:.
J"S"cd~l )9'! 68',1 ; i D~I5t' u:ti:detStandsl?Ffu~p4'l will,/bring<.upques.
iituti(fiiiofiootedpt6pe'rityfinj0bUnCi.il;o~'Foreign Ministers.
on'; yOti,t"st~ff-ls:licqtja.itiWdW:ith( IDwgroufnd! ofimtti~ution,
J:,f·"-: .j"!;,
il)nf :h~ (h.i.,r~//l/O?jq
f;'f[~·L:' ~
.
j; J;'iJ'f';r .i;
syin p:atheticwit,h::Fre~ch',vi~w' that1 testitutibnSh~ui~r;be a~:
-; f:l~&titu~iol{'of#orks of: art ::ftOmrU'SI zone:of'QhCupatioif1n
Jtiotv. fprb~ihg~:!G~n~ral'Clay; ~~~t1y ,~ested,'clea.Iier
<():filUjSi)'~tittitioiltpolicy'~ ;and,stated, his'View)t¥~~resti...
identifiable artiCles ~·Wn i yv~ti:li:)Ut'l pa.yment rby, Germany
piade to ,extt?nt that;such r,eStitution (a) do~ ~ot'interfere "
reparations:p'-rograw,',ailtl:,(bt Will not result,4t _~li~l
i
in-1Hetiii~i(y'Wru,cJi"~o'IDi:tl~a~(e~"tT:S:~fiiia:neilig,:ln;:pa:rt~QOii
,', ;'. Qlay\)prpp?~ 'Al~im~t\g9.Y~§:p'ts ,Re,w~;~e~ ,j;p l~ub
of looted pr<~perty 1I,:~4:,}:),e:'iWrmitted, after examinatioii of,'
to send small missions to aisist in identification arid return "
,iDiiatierffV~r:!lAtr~ggestio:iirof Dept and with Pauley's ap
sen~ ilu,tfuCtioI:).s tq, Clay approying his. reStitu
~bposaF'foJJ)ifln.jned,iate!,,81ppUcatidriJ .~n AJ$., Zott0: ~ith' \fll9q~ea
,it is unnecessary to investigate qll~pn
,
,
c
'dt'aYtoii.:~ktlj;'I8.lilettklr; of
~AmoassaII9r. ';!P~}l.reY.'S'1 unMi'stllJidirig 'OD.; tAe;;~IJl.pJetlo:tl ':ot
1"'" Lll"'"~' 'LCL"'!ii... i1J"U.,,(i' sentt! to' ;the; I:Uililfed';'Smtes',Del'e
'ijomerenceofiForf'iirll: ,Ministers in: :LondonF'" d:;11 f.'" i ';J ", r"J I,," '
Division of li"iilanciil.l~A'fl'airS;i,Economic
velegauon to:,th&',C6u.ncil oNForergn Miliistei."S.: 'i'
'September 4, 8 p,m~?fi6m .Berli:Ji, :p; ·1282..,; ,;:' ".', i ! f"l If:' , j i '
)1/
1
.;,),
:i":.',~;';~";,:,!: ,;:i';;',::.' :~;~;'~'
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�1294
,FOREIGN RELATl0NS·lR·li9l 4 5, V0LUME ill
~r{
;::..';".?
!U7
1GER~1" .... '
1,295
·(·~1)<~H'.fj
~
.. "'- .<';';'.:
{Wpa.yment~lif~:G~rm~my, f611 pro pooty itakoo ,(IT))n <oP.:()UJPkdi
lCf2)'J iiitef~~ftiIIce '!with:agre:edlr'eparati Oll\;pFogllllm,~~ill)p.~{
jmainia;illi'rlgl'~y~teni' ron fecaiptsJ andorecor.ds;dand 3(3)~'2~I!!.li1
>l'60ted~;pi~pefftly, slioul!i,"nol;l hee d'lillfuy.ed::o:n~ gJJ(1)Qn.d":':i:rn~1i!.-~i
property :wo:uld 'give rise .to':llmJlO:rt(fequir.emeA~i;~!MQ~eQ
.these :ihstl~tilltis(~~tituti()n);, -
1
'.L
':~ritib~:J~n(l;;wiHirlQtl"inclu<ffi;;'gold";:Silv~eri\anqlf:?~W~.ti~!l
:wllich1l!Jis, Pbl~~ies;are;b~!ng :formula:.UleV'>SimiJ1!):r im~\l,~~l~
to General' Clark. 42 in Austria. ]i)ep.t:!istiniViti~g~ Goy,tQ,fAf.
Nation;:cO{intli'i~lt~
submit lists ,of lobted propertY,2with ,
tion of priority attache.rt(r;retu-m-(')f-indi'\1-i~ualiterns.oi.
of items in terms of reconstruction needs,
.
't)::,MeanW:l:UI~.~D~p~'i,l}l§C!,~.PFPBP~~ngl (l#~c,.~iv;e, OIl,,1iesULULIOIl;
,ance by JCS.tO besubm~t~~,J(n9Q,,'~f5hP~ny
agrEl8~~ht on application in ali'zones :tif occupation:'
r~ctrv~' 'al~~'confines!fr~tl~iiti(,}nnfol"l 'present tAJ Unitep. 1'{
·makegjnolprov,isiliIl'·as'JJ;et;,~fottimqi~gjat~ restitution:
securitieS; i :~Mso-ilQ(p)19"jSi9.ni$a<;l~}!y,~tl
., '~(jtk.[sl}'dfi ltritohec~psegI)epji/:c911Shlfl.rn )'~I?~lSJ..mtcPHJ lLI\ll~illue
.'; ~~it iintil itis as<";erta!ned what proportion of Jooted art'
'··<a;:tid8.fefUFIie'd:'!~£-f/>I.1'··
7J'I),;. ;:: ..,., "f ,rl.i.:~:.;:ii);·:l>:'::?
In,"vieF' of-.theSede>teIOPJl'len:~aIiQ)~3:¢j,:thatJ\4!iJ.'~lial;J)!f'1
haSl'a;Is'd,tmyed ipstl'Jl9tio,Ils·;9n"ir~titi.itio.I}-:.
sl;roitg}'~dtoi,submiti tlhcirJcyi'~s 'OJ}:LI!i?,$t:jt'llt,i:qp ;w-,-QQIUrol';
Germany '~p(UAustriai for(Ilf}g(i)tl~£iQA~ .
ric:
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-c
Sdvie:tdi16vernment lexpresses t
of-reparations;~the
prp::\~l:i.!:tA~:JU:~ite(k;S.,~~te:~.'t ~qveflllrient ~o~erti\i
~hjcn;~~t'e¢RQn~t'\-%lt,~ne'ilslef~siQ,*s ,~t)-k~rl_ h.Ci~'; 'O~<-iH~'
.
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... !"i".Gem iMlirki.iW,i,QI:i*l COI;ll~!ldi!:lg; G~ne~al,- Uq~;te.d,Stl!tes;;¥~
United States Higb COD,lD,lissioIl~r for ,Au)ltt:i!l;i, .UIlited" s.t!!t~S.H~
Allied' Council~for 'Austria,: . ,'; _
i "
" . \ . "-- ".'
<3 Field.Ma.rsbhl ~1'Berna,rd!:r.~o!1tgOlJ,l~'rY, .C,Qmll1!ludet:
of Occupation in Germany';.MiUtltriY'GQ-ver.n~l', IilJ;iti$.;Z!Jm:;,l""'~"E!l
Representative, Allied' Control Council for Ger:many.
..
<1 See telegram 3212, September 8,6 p. m., from Moscow, p. 1285.
~
; the Sovi~t Gov~tnme:l1t:~opsl4~ts :th~t'J6t'(jotalhlI'l~fthe
qf the detisioris:'ad~pt~a »;fJIie, QOIif~teh~"bri;,the'queSti,on " ..:;;:
ons; .'a;dateshould·ib'elestablis'\1ediforaf'><;ept~n~;o:fthe final, . , ,"
".-r"t;Qns by,the1Contr.ol,8ol,lncil,earHer,t}:tan Jreb, 1; 11946,
;letter,' 1 ",n',: """ " ,
' . ..
.
re~~lls th~tina~cOrdanQe"c~ith;ptoposaisgf the
,:tne ];ledin', Conrerence'reStablished:a different
}for'collecting 'repar'ti:ti6ns inith~E~ste'rIi. (S~vijjt),Zon.e and
,Zones.-i ,[p.,,the~ Ea:ste~!:Z6ne this"lpr,Qlllem };ms ,been.
Soyie'ti;authoritiesand in.;theWestern 1Zones, to 'the
LllU1H"ieS;'~' Ev,i den tlY;·~h6wE5veri,"1h.",t;lle~E'a~~rn>as~weli;as :iIi" ,--,""-':!f','"
-as WaS'decidecil'at,the\Bedili Gohf~N:npl;I,·:a,common
must:be:ca:r::ried outih,'relation,t9 reparatipP1i: from
;(takingJinto'aecol1nt,the 'Iiece§SitY(i}f;ma'(Iltn,ining
,,,,'ub-ri> aA standard: of ,Hving" not' e:x;ceeding tlje ~ verage
c,untries""""
,.,!
ctG!,;UJUlJlp5h' theabo~~r the S6~iet GOyt ;w,n'l s~p;-piy
the"'.!Allied lRe,Parntibns 'CommisSion' w;lth the
'orr:.the presel}ce'of'equi'pment !which has ,been
Sovil;ltZone of. occupation ' and will also give IIli~e!l cQ:cnmis
~ialistSthe oppoitunity to becomefaIl1iliar. witli"thi§equip
i~T\n'"
,:'
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." ,.I
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'f "',:.
; f.ro,m'the. pr~:eding, thattl1eFe is"I'lo 'necessity
up .a srngle .pla-9'of :tepal'atiOIis~ollectionsfOr aU Jour
mentlOned In your letter. The BerlIn ConferencenQtionly
~1ll'pI3:te the drawing up Qf .suc~ a f9ur-z<?n,e plan. (if
prliiClplepropdsed by·-the-American ~I!'lga'tio'4::o:f'col
by zones-an Eastern Zone and 1'VestE\tn Zones),
Ol1fl prQc~dlJX~ of, ~par~ tions coHections in.the Ellstern
er iIi the Western'Zones.' ""
. !., ' j .,1 .t ; , .
rug t.heptopbstls "6£ .th~ British' 'Goh' cotlcerhing the
a. small. new inter-A11iflrl flJ"fllH~V, whip.h, fl.;:: vrm "t.Rt.:. lQ
'j
• ,,"r!"\"j ( •.r:
,;;':3303iL<rt"~hsla;t;iokdf, tix ti of letter: aa~u:"'~1J
, Qffi~:r;'
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;""
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�i'~oo
,FOREIGN RELATIONSp194 5, VOLuME
m
"tI~_ .'!L( ].\(:;" .•~j·~~1"'!_~r·~;[
. : Telegram
.
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.
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J!~~f{~r~7f:)i1i~fft~~rfJ, t~#.~mb),,!a;f.~i::,l~' i P
,,!,/,ted
~nH. ":t't?Urr(?"'rh~.r';;{j
/rrl::-nt{
(f'f'JWA~iriW fJ~ st:'t~.ili}igf 19' ;:i9~~7
.~
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,P;,'F,
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t IAlt:.ji,";!Ii!',)
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f{f:)"/i l.,-";..-rpj'f :Ji},', i
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'}:"".':i"·"ii
'{'I (,.;
'MiisIeY·'IJfJitrjt !Eriiha:ssy;:m ·;AuJ;6-;Miemoire;,of';Septenb ,
'.' :thatrrncitGevt is-lanxlousi to'IWSCUsS:. 'aiY relative
(iJonttlji J CdudcH f~ndr!AJr eett '(Ximml$sion'dil' R~l>a:ni.l '
F~eri\;S (M¥ 'iVhibf{US~'R! hl;s, a1kgfl)~fu:testittuti6tl
-~:"'~:!~;
;~t':-hn"'\:h} -tu'!r-l:--:';i-~L:-!rL:r:
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:;lj-lli.iJ,-j'
ri ir:/!
restitutIon! at)~ql~l; ,%) tr~tw~p.~lofl Gex:w~p. ,p~(mi
'()tsd~~: pliQtocph5~: ;pr~liDiinarily~ share
i coUntries 'in) lrel!>!trq,tion: :boin.1WesternJione~
i:h~etihit'bf:Se"'terhoor20 'be broa.derioo'tO
r
"~~::;~:~;! r::'( ~ ~~;:::'l:i;""~ :":!.i j},;': i;': '~',;
,:ep;r~~l'\~t1:v;~,~t;~~PJell}Pe~,,20
,be!inE>truc~ oDJy' ~n ,sl:!bjoot:ofi In'ter"Allied' Reparation
,
,view
tjons, ,~4a.t, at, th!hCqundl ,ljlfMinisters of For~ign
the roll'wlli",lU'6,lM "bhll'resent&L:dl":J'"'' i ::"':"':
'--'; ,- ,':. 8~"i'i~,J~f2H~,,~,; "~fn,,'1P,r1':n ,';'J 'nl)i i " ':;,', ""'''\,\;
,i!::f'd ,,'i;' 'T9~\trttfi§fei:: ·'the: "jAllled Repai~ti6~~ l'I.cUJU,l.1H~
y L' 'MOscOw! WiiBetlihufor!t:he"puilpose ':6f'Jlia.s~elnng:
of the decisions of the Bedin Three-Power-;OonIer;
'liri.tiofi~dl'onlj.Ge~any.i .,L I' I; i ;;) j' ,J l ,n",,;'11
;;1":," 2;:Td1cd:rri:h1isi3ion1 the; Oonttoli iOoilncU jn, 'B:etl:.!i).~
, :,,' ;,Jact>W:ith :tlr-e!l\.Uied: lt~p'ara.tion'seommi$;3iGn: ,tQjleJ~1
"'0
"0'
"
~'diSc1isSiofiS, desired~fby ~li~ GOvt;'Wi:n;~have,i~6! 'be
" " biiigofJUS~' i{)'K1:and :(Frenclt'~ReAAr#iQi( 'Qop:ilpisl
ltli:tf~e~llii~lP~ti{lli"QQt:6~ft~h~hPt~~1!.;ll:t{(;N,f(rl!$Jjt.Jd
'kp,:.I;\~~~·jWJ'~p~r~t,iqn3tpm,i Gft~i~~,:;wiltbe,"~nd~~~
1. if Lfi<.:';.-')ff
• ·t!!l.\:":';i~; w.!: l\·',:··-f.- ... ·/.. ,~. _ .·_~~._.. \fij q!!i.jJ
-:is 4404 1;MQsCow' 'a/3 i2034'''3:nd U8po1.:A:d i B'ed'iil
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;, 'n' 'than '.i])ecemher.t iJ. I 1>9:41)\ the:' amount, land chamlcterrJi
"" .c,.~i-;l;,,Cltpita:l';~quii~!n~ut, sU bj,eQt.tGf;~mo~llJ drom:th~j
•:;'Gel'fuahyf;tol tln;lil.WA:iount:of/reparati'onsJ
,ilist·of. 'entetp'risM the' 'equipmerit'of'W:hich;
ii, 'Ito :th~' SovietUnionihrfulfillment' OlpMht~aiPbCj41
JIM i the'lB{)tlllii:Gbnferehioo ion' >:
' .,' .
'-','.: ,', 3. J;fb~oorl;miissi(in'lth~f(iJrn;,fl
, 15 to approve the list of
i; ; shoUld l}ty,~rtIINsfelt11e-d' as'iadvlLnoo ideJiiver-ies,Jltn
,t'
p8;l'~gi1aph! 11[;0£: 'U~e"decisiop.s loibtliE~lBer.lin)
","':thei'eipottationflorl,thatleq'lllip:ment maYI;[>e,
'''I 'iJanttarylt "nj~~"",,:,; iii if j'll'; I;' i li;',["
"110S
, , ! I i' i ;'l4: i fl'd'ptoposa; iwlthout'.delay.!to: ,the;,QofWro}c
to the 'Western Zones of Germany a Ii' ,
-specialists for; ;the ;prep!lJration( of, materials
,,!,'iitol (Council fof; the-· pu[riposei <ifexecut~rigf ;th~,
,,~. inpoints2'and"3,above. 1jdT ,'e'l
",,"', fl; L;/j"
: "~;'i
.:':'"·;l'l." ': l;:Hr~ ill 'ji: ·t.';JI/~·;':;~
,:dLlitr:
0/,
giving:..you. oUl!,fi'J;Sti,reactions: omth~ SOVl.et~G6v
Ge:qnah' !tefJll;ratiollS. ':, ".L1~:U~S~i are :ljluI:Y"persq:p.il,l
are:;consUltir{' 'o1.il:',"oollea ' as 'in Betliii"and':we
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", .gtlP·""·'i
-iii'
'iqJJi.~,i'sters. '"J,3:(It ItQ,O.Uglj.t, tl;l,at
vei them,...as, our, first. reactions,;"jn; a
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:.Accept;;.M:r.}'Gha,rge,;d'AA;r~i~,,<~my,:a,ssu;r;an~,~
A.,Y, :Vyshinski.;,;" ';;":"
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: 'Serif to Department; repeat~~
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:'theiUpit'ed"Stares' Deiegatio:ilitb' the
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Ooubcil
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�i298
,'FOREIGN'
"w·ww~<'.·.,
.
:
REL:ATIONS,'l'j}'45,
.. '
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Text'of note attached is as follows:
.
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10,
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;fi/:' ',', l ".pGERMA~J
VOLUME III,
,~;-.J}~~!r!r~j~" ~.:::JJ':' .:);~I
"i'~' "",.t'l'l~·
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n:~~~1\rt~'~~U~f!ffi~jtg,~g~~\6:th~!~f~p~s~;;~' ,
il:945'j~.;ana insist ohj,mainta;infn~ a'per:iOd of16;m€ ) l'lt'hc'
Potsdam, r~h~ch II).~~esj !'h~ da.t~, ,t>th·{1 ,~til' .v~,hruiir
trol CqU)ly,il f:\YiJ~, dl:lte~~; jv h\l;t equi,pmet;lt' is!1XMla~I~40;Cf
ind:the Allied~Cominissiori -w.iUdecide whaL
Rli~sla:~and:;Pdl[h;d:"'\ ;:~.-·i
,:c',n :'Y."" --:;
"
,
'3,.W~'sliiif~rern'~th~1propOsed;;~itte·8f 15th'Oct6beJ:;
dam protOcol says 'As soon as possible', arid we shaH rl
~!,9Ill'Jh~s,·,p,lIiza,s~,' : :The: CQPtrpl..Qol!ficiV will dj:l<;IQ,{l'S _
equipment is available for advance,deliveries, presum\l:bly
i~en:wJr.o!Il the Russian list an,d adq,ing other iteIllsS:uch
machnle'tools. : We feel that m advance of a general
the"amount which can be de6idedTo-be:;iViilable for
,
:slfouldbe'very restrict~d indeed. We sl1aU:have to
""'l,:'d.:l·,,",,,,rJ;l.~-~,~~~;~~Ntl~d~~q'!f~parati?,rA<,~~~f~j,Rr~lim.jp~ Fj'1. tOl.th~'4<lJ
, sIon setthng whIch of th~ ]te~$ avaIlable for
,
to go,toRus..siadind,Polandy.;:.:"\!'.'",, '
"~"""
.
,4·_ We shaH supp,.ort the fi¢w that mixed commissiop.s
cailnot;be' sentst,Ollhe ~Westet-n' Zones unless they are
sent tcrthe"Russian,Zofie 'with the 'same freedom of'
grant,ed in th~,West~ 'Zopes.",S1.::'
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•• The date 'spei:ifie{l in;,the' Soviet, proposal 'Of lSepteiIilJer
tl:!e char-aete),' ,.lJ.!19 ,ani0ll tiWof T<:!P!iraHol'ls lOj'be
pf,G~.r.mantt~.tP,e I;!(~viet UpioA.~er,e to l:te,de~erll1
~1.'he' date;l:>ywhjch;'irithe Soviet prop0!:l1J.1 <;5
Control 'Ci:hincB Would b(t'aiH;:eci 'to' a:'ppro\'e;' nits
eq ui Pinent'Clj~lld'be' dei iv'ered' ::iii'a dvancereparatidml.'·',
., For text of a memorandlim along the lines of this
United Kingdom Delegation to the Council of Foreign
see C,F,M. (45) 45, vol. II, p, 325,
, '" Not pril),ted;,thi~ tel~graI1l contB;inec;l a'
pri~ate meeting' with Soviet I Poreign,Mi
said that 'he 'did not 'wish to disCuss, Ge'rman repn r!>tirm<:
,of. th,e C<?~!lEl}- pf Fo~eign M,ipis~e.~\" ~!>,ut agre!!1,! ,!
~~_~~,:_e,~~~~ ;,~~o,W~,~,~,.'~e;~te~~\i3Ione.s' for, renaratlOllS"-Il
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cW,AS;a~~(}~3:~hS,~t;,~~-p?-ber 20,'1945-5 p. m.
, Stat~. ,1./ 1'''"~·,.,._. ':::1' ~ ':"'~-T' -'t.~.. """,,, your_ ea;rly
,,Dept w~)Uld appreciate ' __ ','" :
- •.. ~.'"
J!.." .J!_C'1tive OJ1'~estit,utloii' whi,ch ::peptpro
iYw~~ D~ptCfbr' issU'~ii(!efby j 08,54'
:v, III ddtilib~ilci~~~li{-bii~f:'tjS:~oile
fu~ihher~'M 'iilfP O>htrol 'ColinCil
~{i:~,
J! ... ~_";"~~";{'
.
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'Ito '6btaili. ;al:ie{;:lp~b.t ;ih"th'~!,'~ntfol' Co~frttii if:{ the
othei ;lori~§ ~l~c6~patiOri. 6f'f.he' pdlitl;3s,'Hid down
i
,If,(in,y.~>ur judgm~p.t,it:.~ppea~' impossible'tObbtain
agi-eeIh~fit;ybu' ~fp; explorE:;' the poMibirities;o'f~ tripar
'y, ,.,.
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ilppi1~able U;' tb:eth'r~(Ayestern'zorles' a,.rid:...rf{ak~ it~,~.'
ppro
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muuen'dations to the 'JCS.' ", ' ''',e " ") ""
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nl"nro~d with'the application of ~his' dtrective'in your~wn
., "ag~e~hl~ht; "prQv'iqed.; how~:V~:t;)ihat 'resfitutiop of
)p. ,piLri!:g:riphs 2.( d.)~ :Jfi~f ~ (,4)' twnl'Jlt eft'ec~d' 9nl y
ofsuCli ptotXirty is' cei'tXfie<,r~Y::'th'e' apprcipriat~ ~epre~
,. ~" c'l!\~m!in,t~6~~ty 'to~'.uf~iiUY cri-'quii'e'd"ror the
and 't~cOristrilddori bf 'hitif 'coll,i:ii;fY:. 'Thel'es'titution'or
pi iMms' siibj~t to r~tg,tiJi~~~baIl not be;dehly~d'o,n the
"they' are, needed'tQ meet tll-g'requirements iil"any: zone
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judice to the formulation of'ir'difirtitive':testitu:tio~
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lOWIng categ<?tIeS. pf'propeftyJsliall, as fan'mterIm
ect't9 restitutibrrhi'accofd~n,dnvith the, pro\1isi ons
t .... : '"
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The foregoirig' re~l:\rSito,mv'- numbers
,:}~.~;.i.
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,Seoretary' of S~a!e 'w..·the AirWassa.dof ,i'!/-' the'
,
'..Kingdom I (Winant)
, ","1 : , : _ ,
,n~·ft~
We'should agreefO th'e Allied ComririSsiofi' on
transferred from M08cm~ 'ttl "B~riiit '(fh "fh~"" under:
\W1Yfi?~"oti';~h.~, P~.mm.\~i,?~ :~Ym~:b~ !t(L~~termine I?olici
Clples wh~n~v~r. as~ed to'do'so,by the,C9ntro1901~nc.Il, ,apd,
the' 'determmatlOn, made,' by ,the','Cbnfrdl:<DbunCl'l"when 'it'
made"l We shQulcl.l:;w.i,sh t«izmake: it,cleair)that"ithtvdet,.ermiu;
tll~!Hh~ra,c~,!!~p,d; ;;trpR~nt:iry:q1J)d !b.e.;p1~9~"
~~~t ;',tlj~,_pep:\~n~ag~, ot." in9:~s:tri,al;" eaui pnt¥.tly<
vatious; iridusttie~~ 'will Joe:dealt' wi Hi' ih 'tlle "fi'rst-instance
tiomic,iDirectodde:iaba' me' c6nUHittee~.iwlii611.' itlfa:sJ
that :t1:n~, Russiahs',\yiHi'«ohperate' fli'Hy:j'n' tliis w61''K., Ii
-'Y~':~Qalh:W;ll!l:t ;tQI:ro.ke~litq~ite~:cl~ar tliat,the,functi011:of'
'S:;o'!-W~1§Siprt!~~rJte~se~n'il,pX~!l~ip'lef and ,not;;t9 Aetex~inl?
,part m determmmg the percentage qf md~~tJ!lal"eq~~,lpJn,
,
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of United Nations occupied ~y Germany; ,
art, boo.l,rs, artistic' or historic archives, and other
cultur,al or religious p~operty tdentifiea as having
~"dtiiFed iIi any wayfbyGermah§ifroin 'United}Nation
occupation ;'
..nn"lu~.,..;:.tl""l_"tT.o.n .
, •
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~tate() ,QctoPer 9, W;;t~ sub!Di,tt~d
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to: tp~eStlj!,terWaJ:-Navy
(SWNCC) fof .consideration: 'on OCtober 12'and desig
�(i~9
FOREIGN, RELATIONS';HlfD'U, VOLUME
m
, (d),()th~r goods, valuahles, materials,
other,p'tb"iierty, forind,in \storage\or:',oth~rwi~ llld,JlUJ!..
'fied. as,~a:'~g Q~n }oo~,\9t.i\~~ttir~~~,m',N\Y
Umted N~tlOn~ dUrn'lg German occupatIon.
i;f .' i
r_._
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l;f .-!t.-::f i')"i
·:·J/GERM&NYi !:t~l
.<~}L.!~!~f;
~1801
,-'Oontrolr(!;o~il:,a::tid~youl'i goiremlllieriti'b~-inonthly;:re
'i'ogr~:of:the !l"eStitu£fofi"J)!'ogranilL, ,,;_ -:i /:! i
,'of.' 'adtninistebing,jthis 'progra,rrl; of:, festitutioiJ.: shan) be
'of thEfcost$!orloccupa.tioni:w,hibh ~wil1';(b~;inWiby tIle
td '.I::!!:
l\:J:j'~ ;~ .~J::r
'f):/U ;..;.]j
Iii l;;i:
"·!f[;.l~.!;:
'
,diriictivei isJhemgdssued I w-CG, 'JNSF~;~~i :although __
FilmOO~~.NldJ"l:irloiAllsjlliaifla.n(f, subsequehtly! telliOved '"to
~'be're-m1rded.'a,s'undoyeredJ iIr(Gocmany.i~" 511') f,-I d (n, ;)
-JG
,;rc!," J' .i"i.7\\:';:, ,J,'1'i!!":"l'l 'i
"""+;.....,"-,.,...;...,,-.,..,..';.;'.:,.'",;'''i'':'~":a~"~''::-J,:~i :/. ,.~'
;in'J ')ll,'! J,i!
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rSeCfet~!\~"'~1 Stk~~jt~lkh.e ''ifAit/.}/eJI thi SC);!}iet'unrio!n
W> ::';:
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;:~: ,~\ N·~,~iifi):
Secretary ofl 'State'preiJents, his :compliments·· to'. the _
ad [interiIn1of:the JUIlion, ofl SOv,letf SbCial:ist 'Reptlb
. theJUn:it'ed< NatiOhs BeclaratidnJof January; '5"194'3: 51
,
.
i ittansfers 'of JProperty; iH 'eriemy':~ntronea territory.,
; ~p.v'A"'!l:};:~Qinniuni cations '~8"~~ive~ '#om; the: 'Ert;tbil;~sy! 'Qn".,
,~tltutidri of SoYiiet"pr6p:~rty: lQ()~d'iby!G~riiiin)r
O)awa!mG~rD::llttiYor;.Atlstcia.:
.~!>"\,q,; 'n)(J,.,!; I.I";:
,,,,Te~rifent! oilJthe!sC6pe"e'i,'resti tutiohl ki,moiig thkoCc~py
!>f Germany, the Gov'ehu;rient,;o:Vithe'United,.StateS'ihas
Commanders-in-Chief of the United States. zones of..
Germany and Austria't6undertake an '
to the p:ovpn~IP~~~;~t~~",p"p.~te~7N;~t
'
-w.VM~o,n"gr'~HR~ti.ot!·,k
'i"i j
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H, ;~'; XOlf!:vW ~'~~f1j~teAA ,jp,Y;9.tt1j (,o}-)-~M9Q"!H
,
of
'. ...l y, l1!fItt1t~a.P'"h~:'!\'iJ" .
.
!Vb\
",P.~~Ij.Y.ifl,oy~e}-l;,h' -: 1
in lists submitted by claimant governments,
, ",'
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·'r'HGJllNERAI.i,:FRomSnn,s)'
i.,dJi I i""'I""'[ "ur,:"';i.},
10·-,:
: ".ii: ,',
;;;,7tiXQ"!li ~ii} ~qlr~; tJi~·Pi~~n,£;:goWHflwen~
items received by them in a.CCO~d3.Dce
recti~~; i:'',ric 'e 1 teceipflsL-~liatl;;cO'iit!iih
re~gl~ed'~tid1ts Ic6liditidn":~itritl'k:if~i~"'"!
t;f{fh {.'::i~:~-,-.~i·l !'fU(r:J·-,j.~t~
- !;'):t!ii'il,Uil):"
fL~!!-, Ym,pf,'<L ,f(1:1YW~;R~rf(~Il";~P I", : '
by, the;GeEma"Il~' orlt#:e I~)caqtiqn
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f.~~~0~n\?tf~~'~ ~~~~~!~j~~J"!~~h.)~~.
"p- ,,", [,,1-..',[;:
--."•.i
hon, 'otner"than gold, secuntIes an!I
y~ :e~~ite the retilrn of this property from the
. c,
arty to the
..
for i t .
S. You will keep a. complete record of items reLUm~
~: ;~9cot.~~fi~, ;;{{ritlL }li.~"lW:0,y'}~~qi;l~:i,9'f,' ;t1ii~',:;di~eHli;
JJJ.!l~,tlt.rV ,~y;~l;lqp~W¥PJ ,V(b-itsJ~~n'i d~}q~Rr; tR~ J;>r~~, p'y
" ""' ,. :~'lqqJ,Prn~iifMflit1OPf?il1'\hfRh\~',Y,~(P~P;9c.Y,JtPiW
·:'('¥.J9~ii~ t,~~1f1,;~ff,vr?J1~l1y,,!I!)lf?~~~! ~l':;PflrJ;1J-ll-PYf ,~nd
:1Q9~!m:l,j~IGJiwtrtnYl"'0~ (~R?~r~~'l'llf,?~~o~_~ng
,1ri~lHh,~~:ri 1~ ~H~W.~~F~,4'.~~?it~M1p:tAIlA I ~~mp
�.£13.02. ..·FOREIGN
. . il 'c'."
::~:~¥t!r~~ilt!:;~~t:;r.~~~~Q!\';'~
J,?,
Gl'iimil'lJ9 th~Bl\i,tlid Stat~s)~Qnes. of, QCC!JPlttj oriihiGer:ip.any.
';for·.th~ 'P)J~:pj)&~iof jdMtl£Y.kg:~s:u~h)oi,theJisteQ propgrt,y .
the oceupying authorities may· have heen able to discQver,~iI;l
ri!!.:Ac;:s:ordi1):gly,-tpe QQve@ment p~, theiUDi~dJStates riniiteS
"e:rI1Alent j9f the.:IJniqn;Qf Sqyjet; SP.cia:lis~ :Republics' to.. ~
(}oyernrpen,t ·Ol}!'lj,orrmQreil)l'itsl'.of'f.propertF'J~elieyed
'.!p.RteQ.;.by Gen.nany frow the SOVIet U Ilion, orftom.
natlonals . in the Soviet·~Union··~whicfr.-the Sov.iet
.
' ..
, .
.
. reasonto believe may beJoqated in the United States :t..Ull~::;,:\J.~,lJ~
e
,
~t}o~. }Il, 9~5~~H,~ 9I~Y\~t:ri~·, T~~\se F,~t.s' ~~o~1~'0s? .~~r:,.
refer sep!!-rately, toproperty-b~~Jeve.<l.Jo be'm Germany
tria. They should fUJ;"tller:contain as.:fuuch d~criptionof.l
J~rty~s?P9ssi!:!:1~1~A.~ ~lis.· maY,Q~' reql!ir.i}dlto~n!Lblecthe:
-thQpitje~~'~9. jg~Jltifyf' t1r~ ,pr.qpe.rty·,'.;and,;should ,ip.cl.uc:}"
;inf,o):JI111t.iQIA!;u?;to
tb~llq6!1tj(m":Qi the:pli'op.i~r,ty(.:· ;:Sin:CI3;th~,i:)py'
,,~rnWeIltt in\l-'y.g.~~.ire{ ;~9;)Adi.~t~; !l:~J 9r,d,er :!~f.';p,L"io.r:ity
.1~l,l.gg~$.t.e,~1: ,th,at ,th~t IjStsl,jl)gJ uc1ecpn>p~~y; (:whi9b)1a;l>~{l
,".~~t>J~Gt :Qfie~f);ie;i'q~~yn.i~itj9D§,· -t9 ,thi§l~: 51! . ." _
may include loofed gold, sec~f~ti.es,an(J ,cURrJ~Ij~j~$,.a:lthQlJgh
.tu.tjon,,of ;I<h~j~m,ll,~~e; ,I:;o·.a W!!it,;~n,te:rg9ver':l.In.~n.t~I,:: .
:.,rWAsHJNG~N;~Sep~iliber;20"1945'.;;:i s;~
:'.:
..
'
.:~
:::"(~f_:--~;~: ~''-\~;:i'! .~,~_,
~
J.r{~J.
" ." ',,',
):;."_?,,,
~~~:~~~~~~tVtiJlijtljj~~?;~;t~~~~,
.'
•... F •. ', ';J~~~;<~~';:; ';,:i'i, :!,.' 1,:;' .., ,i,i, ~:i.B~~~~,,~f2b)S~p~,em.Qi
..,SiR ;" On' ~9al{' of the'Jewj'sh Ag~n'cy~or ~arestirie~
hbnolIr'--f6}supMktb¥ 'foilowing ~~pr~seiita.iioh~, to'r tHe~,
'of .,the:Govetrilli~rifofthe Unitea.--States, ',regarding .th~:(
'd4e to-t4~Je*ish' p~eo~le'froJn G:~rinany'ahq li~r 'allies:: ,~:
.: .'.2, .T]le'pr6bii'riI of i"e(iliifii~g . G~rh\ahj"ai1d 'he~r 'S~j .
measur{cif thkptatti6~bl~JonihkJ;goBd th~lossestil~y j
on the nations and individuals they have' assailed arid
~mgllglJ.1g .tHe ~~onsm~r&tiQn 6f the' uilh~dNa~ioP.f;'
A.g~IlCy .for~"Pal.estill'~,.·~s.,therepresentative of the .
.~~sites" to qi;lI-W.aJt~i~N.oil .to: tha.t)ilSpec£ j)£ thepJ;Qbi~!i,I
:.the Jewish, people,. and . iiI particular to their re]ation"-WITI
•, In·a.cil'cular·tEiiegram· OCtober' 18, 8 p.:-- .
representatives 'ibme iDter'estrocotirifi'ies that henceforth
lists submitted to. them directly·to· Berlin -arid'
.
through Washington (740.00119 EW 11 a;.;1'R4 ii \: .
JGElua'rd~···r)~~ ·.-:-;;n:!!).
J;
' . 1303i
, , .
. . . . ~3~Y (!an~q~~h.~querltlY ,By
firstrdeclatatlO,n;'oi-'w;af by'loer'aJi,peo~le,'and 'IV tookta;:s:Pe,J,
,~,\5IS~(;latElsy'\f~s:l1l;ade' a?airi~t 'th~.Je~~:eJlSla.vement',ib~t,'th~ ;tb~~ i
"Its,!1l1Ji ~a~ noe conquest;llll; .Jie:u~ter:.destmlC4on'·of thelt [
e:xternllriation oHheJ bws"t oJlfiscatlOll o~; all' their 'roll""
?al':ana> religio}ls,herita;ge, andrtb e .OI~fatiOri's';of"warrG~rm~nY3
;posseSsions.h:;!n:.execupihg t their' O~OIJews-,,?-estidyed;jan~Jew~ ;
'associa.~es' lJIurdered;'some' 6,qOOPf:(~utho'J{lty"extended;; stOI~l
akinstitutions': wherever. tpeJ;llgi 'and! ~eized 'aJFJewishE
6H(.r.easUres,-of Je:tv:lsh iart';arld legf~e:r;could' lay their. ,hands;'
priblic'la~d!.pnvate,l on whiG1l' ~lllue;.o.f the~m:~terial; !losses
'estjnw,ted: (that, ~he iJ.Q.Rnet!t:rflOl'ijUaY;<lli~ount i·,to?', over;:
in;1;ij~tE0,;upOIll. tbE},~, ~~wish: peO;tJliIa~l SU~erifi.g, the:arin~hi(,;
r~e .m.asSrPlurqe.rs;: th,~ !,1e·forc.~, ;~re:pr,oq~bly,wlth.; L
',000.000. '
Ul~Jl'lctllakandlc,r~a.tJ
'i']:' ;;/1 :!.'.I . ;.'.iJj" .lEli
.:\~' \
.. ,';
·.tl~~;h.i~tql'!·:Of. nianIsing.:i' Ji:~ ;t~:ee-fQlddproble~~f i
:!tga.IPl'itth~,Je~lS;ha_&:creat~tltJ.@-"; c: j', I:''}; lJ' ,.;' efill !)!:.i
Jeh~bil.i~~tipn, alld ,oUesP' lbv~c~~the~ buildi.ngl'i; ..plant-jt
l'b~FJ;pi:Jlew.·?~. r~W,.utjgil :e~lr ,0f.Jya~lOu.~ i~l~aS)takeri:)
'nig~:ey";sOO,,uq~!e$' !th(:LY.a.W{l,,~s)weUlas;Je~Vlsh;cult].ll(:'al;1
)I}~titutioris;aIJ.d,iIldividl}aJ:1:1<~ the!bWn~rspwhethei insti~'.l' " .'
.a!l,d,artjstic;treas.u.Fe:?:.· .In. so {[iii' 'J~$uccessbri'?; ~their..claims'to;.
illd~~id.~;lJs.;hav,e.:i'?Jl!:viv~d Q.r l~Jlg:as, the ;q.la:uJ,1~:o~' Qitiiens'
.. nwst}'e~t ~ponth~ same fOQ,t;e~ted"9.~. tlj!,\b~SI$; o'£,.jequal}
~:;;~·1::·:;:~.:;t;tJ:;~~~~;~iit~i~j;;~~~~~i:~;~"'r "
~,tRred,;~~hIJe: conslge.r;~~l~' Pj;;}l; p:op~rty· :wasi(dep;bslt~~ ~ .:.
.a:p.<l.le~t ,,~~ heITs,:f; 'j\[,u¢h}~.¢~:fe dl~[tpp~are~:l:,(leavmg! no: .
,:»:
~qpJ}trJe~, a:p.1i1, th~ ~.oFpeJs
tWPr'<?vE};:that: prpperty.. byl
"It shoul~pe~c:l,no ,".0 ,,' .," e treated as bona..vacaniia' .
arm:imeIl{i:
. masterless should ~l~t 17 it~e(l,t~e lc,~j1I1.es, ;Qr)'toany
~h~ gQ~.emIIle~t~ ..w.1;l;i~h·
~19~ 't.q;i t!.,~ ~~TJ:,i.S;,s4}h
'~nT1t~i, yr }~st~a~gef~'. ha.vl·? l:iV~r~yfalhl1g. to the{St~te,
.c-,...":~u..;'i", for h~IHess .p:( ,W.~~der?~ '3" p~bpleJ. 'jSilch
.... , . . . . .0.
'
.,.
,
,qgrx:tlf.? .
.
.
__
~
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•
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I
"
.:;.'::~ . 1·' '."
•• ,
",'~"
.t~e:.~~s~'Of'ip~& 4Jctll:n~.:!.s .tb:~ J~w:ish:,neople;
YIC:tl:iP:" a4d.. :th~ tpe;~~~J~h\,g~~ple',all'd thosei
.i'.:'.
?!ei~1,Hl~r~'~?~~l:i~!;f~ ,Jl1l$~nw,t~;~f;Q'fj}i~g~~·i~i~.';
be transferred to tM j:C i~L1~~'a?5l!~~lWral!;feh'a;bi.li'. ,0e.~aterial;sp!f~~ ,!in ·th'~~;siilij~~t$'t.D:~~tV
s;e~~r,~.te'#¥N6t~P;f.'\·stfbe'~~~nt,i~~~4, ointly bY,
'i
cd!(mdeJiIlllUc~,tl:~n '~~~,l }~;d~~~~<?f~}l<~Kr, ,Jf} wJ~\i r"9:rga.-'il:i.~tlo'Ps.')f
. }9L-I?-,aJ !'PJ'w:e., ~Wl £7 oses to concentrute'on the
the Jewish Agency pro-fa rehabilitation.
L 1 ... ....., C'
IV:' ....n,...., .............. .:
............
~.-i"
�.,'
1-306
.",;.};~".'
FOREIGN RELATibNS":'i19l5, VOLUME .tIl
,-'
-
.~: 4GE{RM1u#:~:I. .':~:::t
:~\.;!l
1307
".
740;oOlt9~iIiiCiIJ~~14'5\ f"':iS:'"
":'~'ncy;'are!
Sanle 'ai:\" iJi' parak'rapn'1
Of':draft! in.
td;~dv~nCe' delivei'iesarid'tO· defiriltiverepara":'
~-:fJi';if;;
"same par~gra!ph e;Ccept'that
:
..
Jists ar~·~b~fu~(he~r'w·i£hj~~lua.tioIi~ ; .~
ih~de t1'4rg~n'b~ '6f ih~~a\Bti{t~latibD' ib 'a'uooa~
. Ii..;
.
···.li·; 71 ;., ;:~.;:'.';!
·c·.;" '.f.:
",'.
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'1~;
.('"
_,
r,;1 .'!
~r'!~)J,.
'!'.:;";-'
I!!;'
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"j"
9774. Delsec 40. For
[ructIonS' are stated 'ru,hbemg'in ;rtrgard, t,o;'aIioCationsof
and:in,regafidto·restitution. -'I~ ,Y'p'!!:., :''''.1 .. i" ;
ioveri{ikeh'ts"\>i'
'uScSiiha :F~3±ice- \'vilfappJint
gJi~Y' ~ii(h';bIrtlliit~;e'df five.'. -j
lOP ·p'ro~amS'·:tOl'~r·~p~ratibris'2'obas~ ~iIIlb~ dt~ W#:. U ~by:
p
-'. .
.
~ilip~t6ii aoiilin:ifteg
f
'.. . ~'~J:iilll)~ ~rn\ltne.nthleni~
1mb~rshi ps 'shalf (b~:: ro£aterl'fo r '2.:
JUtm.luer gd-ierIffiieHj£. ': :Otd~t of'rotatiOn:'
{':"'~:
~ ~ (!,"~'
'Qrde'r·' of!riaJIl€i&i' of 'countries 'ill'
}
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i . ,"
lit.:!.;,
."
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·:t~/.:-
7~.9;qO~1~ C~u~ciW~-:-g24
The,<Amiba8sado'r'in'
iri
ouagef j g:r1aJl' b~' a:p:C
~NJK;:.uS aria\F:t~nc(; :,;." .... ,,-: ,': '''. :~;'
;iitlly:identical with B,'9"'and 10;witl(additional. '_,'
"'J!~rala()ns;:' Agency'~": annual',
, t"-:
~.-;".
:~'::;;T ~.;',;;-.,- ::'''".~~~-?' ~J
": -',.' ',.
j:
'(~~', ~~!i-f':"~!::-
r
.,.~9~Hk~l)j;\l®c::~44,:~.'F:~l'oln.>R~inst.ein;;, ~ev~prelS,
$ilptirlliBer':r4'?anir~'m)r;l'~legjia:hi'iiro:n .:;eparate
onmeet{ng.. ·:Iroil~wing iss~bstance' etf3titish .
lARA' r ro~{ra'£edJ S~P(fefnb'& [18 ", rgsen ted to.." i .
, ...... 'lIn.·,J}?,." : , ' "i" ' " ·:m
,po
,."
L 90vernments of us, UK,an'd' France:]la
I:ARA:tb"whicH 6bu1itri~s eiltftled to';repa:ra£iofis
",G~rmany pthet:tha:!i'USSE aii.ci,J~olandi' .
members.
'
2: -They ,have decided in the first instahce';to~;'
g9~erI\IIt~~tf?~g, ~PlWiptilf~m1?\~~~?('!t~~,~amei'~~ ,K
for, Foland) ..... "Any tother",countrles·. whJch, ~yome
. i:,€' ifatiOIisftoili West~fuZ,o'nes,.;:~ 1':b€ ". invifed.
."P''''':'i1-"
.,,4:_·.~ ;!i' :""·~i·.'i. ~:'\£t':";";'~ .~. will
:f~~I··:··V·<,·~
i:"
. . .,M.:,,,
~"".:.-)o1~ .. j:,
(~l.
".;.~.(Jf.·t!:ll.".·
~i..:,t~,;.,.:;:: _1~f
; "Se'e"tele~~ '8(j77;; Septeilibefl1, ,~ip: 'Iii!i,'
tion concerning' 'disclission'of"resti't'iiti6h in
see vol. Ij,-in~ex entries under CoU:nciI of ))'oreig'n Minister;
Germany.
.
.'.
"',"
':' 'See telegram 8245, September 20, 5 p. m., to Loudon, jJ:l:
.. Telegram 8010 not printed; it transmitted the'abbrevia'
ai(le-memoire dated AugUst 31, printed On p. 1275.
'" Telegram {'\o"tJOr Ct __
9815, September 22, 7 a. m.; not printed.
18 m .... l ...
... "" ........
1_
no ••
•
..
'0
~
.
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,
; --- ----J ,agree.
.
.'bi'ia:ic~~eri.cf exp~riS'e~f mtI1 ''thE;; ex~
~paragriippi'9:belQW'~ pr;jportiov~~ly':to
N
'.
.l... ___
i~fJ~~~~!~~1Ili~!~!t:'~~i6~jj~\;~.a~~..~·.bt
•to USPoIA~; B~!:linforMurp}{y ~s(-'9:ih6;
' '."iT ,< " . i,:: f
W~U!J.Y~oscowas'32HY[Reinst'eiri:r
"'~~{Y-4>'7
.
:~ -:
i
j
lH
d
ftfofii o(§ta.~e t?, t~~; 4irilJisiadffi.'· ¥h the U"!ited
t
""'Kingdom ,.
{Winant).:,':..
.,I'i,.):': -5. "
:
:" ::.:.'
"
.
. WASIi"tNGTo:k, lSept~rtiber24,1945l1' p~'ili.'
D6pt sees no objectio~~to:Y(llif'~6inPtu~i~~t_
, .
FonO~r-letter of' Sept i 16' (3303: i6£" Sept 18
Jj)ept repe!lJted to London for Harrimim as, 46.2) ~n"-:
. 1 :fr (repr Copfer~~lCe. ;:;J:~;t.I(J~l,.Iq~e~~9)i"'; •..'
'. ,'~einst~i~'; a~lre4·~)f ,h~:J~igh:t
coflnterpartsth'e 'tex,ti [If, t);l~,:Sovj~t F.qteof
�~~(:}8.
.,·FOREIGN. RELATIONS,.-: ...l!}jt 5, VOLUME III
. '-~.
_~~'r
,iL
I<Yi911:~~~;:'~ls~ aqqri!lf9rmally tp.~.t l!-gr.eeme~.t.!of S~)Viet.
assets "is
!:.
..)!;J,.,_
_, ...
__ ' _ '
If
_
~~~ti;~~g~ ~~~~~ 9r~i~:~hYiue~y~~~ ,~h~,er Pto~o~~.
,.
str,9-ng1y. ttt~t Rroc~~ureC!.t"", _".' _. " .!~ SOVle,t 90v;t"ml~Ia}JJI
;sugg~st~by
;~.~
I·I.~ ~
~'
C.~ti!1R· q~,H;j,s ;29:\P~~H~.t;l~.t, lJyJtt;lpaF~tj9ps 'pommis&i'??i"
9:mt.f.<?~! C8lJ;J,w4f}n .1lqY~nqe. ~tttll~W·,t10~·,o~: t~ J?~Jj :~l!t
~1~i~~nW" givE[S u~~m'i p~efexr~4,pp~~Hf:>'1-f~n ,apofi\ttion,
aliecfs interest of other Claim;a;nts.,. 13rit~sh ;~uggt;lStion
-;d
,'j
•.
.. _ ','\,"
...
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:
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•
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,
'.
9R?I;WP! p:p'oc~t~; !b~~1f~~I?-lj§}~~' ap:fr~\~njd.8~ .<?~e
claImants on qth(lr ,pt!t8;n'y;tft~Fiic91!sMltatl,~;n 9fV
~·W!!b~~s), ~~ith!~!~he!; i~J4ip~~~ 'ls -~~~ftble !tQ~ b,~P,t'
appears c~1jIp.~~:i~\/?:~r~p?~ .• IJ;EIR-bteJ,96~,8,;,?t ~{}R~'
·z~l~~e ,!f!~C!: npjt.~i.th~~, Spxj~EJe~t~J::tq;J\,e:t;tIl,aI]., ~lfd(S9Yiet{
dwntp.S~R~~~;ry;. (ur,t;~1;96~9 ,o.fS:~Pt)8 ~D
efC;p;oi't; o~;~q]Jip;JIl~'!1S f;I;~m 'W fjSteI;p" :zone~i'~' 'I-~jVi~~~.v."
termination of' which So:vi,et,Go:vt wantslmade
)
;
...
, ..
dlJ,Ill, states ggliyerief:l shoul.d:.b~n potJat,er.tha;tld..'
-/l;-,!\;:J'; !It. ~. (l~7.'-."",,~-,·-.J,,-_'--i;'~--;_'''''';'~_ '_,_~_'" " ' __ "",'"~
, "
d~lixej'ieS ·~hp1il(l:;b~gip.;t ~fi9j;J~t~i 'tl).~n.:J!tn,
,I • ,'. ~ , J., ~ _~ " c. ;. _
•• ' _
...
ascertain froin':USSE,d~ll}gat'iqr-,: )Vl1ich dat~; is,
~,
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I
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. Finally; you will no,t~;p~pt'§$1;1gg!'!S~iqp. ,t<:>M:q~p.hy,~
.
its date will lose importance if-·GohtroICouncil
lists of equipment eligible as advance deliveri~."
p'at~9~q}oday and repeated to London/3 that final
{;?,rn J{r a~d p~t {,~!?~\J'Y~,~th~~Jh~!r~I~~~I1~S' iJ~q'
hKely to follow General Rll:!-Y's )e!td, If Jle .~dopts
on this point. Brit'view th\at advance deli'~eries
91:f-,a!1-pties. Rri~~.(tq-9fi,:pltt~~tepnil1Jl.tionJ.tphs counter
.. S~*,t ~ ;Lpn~oI). ;a~i8~~n r~mm-t!1d to, tJS:p,ol4,~.J;
as 536. Repeated to. Moscow and,Paris.·,., '.:~
.lt~'}'"
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tta:rismitted 'the text of the' mem
,.
GE~~!,;:
..... _-5:;Tel~~· ! " " 1
aLmov,inlt~~p~r~tio!t~i Co!pm,~~iqJ1!.tQ Berli~; q) )q~9rm~g:
tion Commissiot;l ancl-:,Contr2IQ9,lmgil19f eqpip!JlenUeft in .
Zone; ~tI?e~!~ti~g"rq.ix~ ,~~,i,~~?lls' o~ rspOO;i~!is!S into
ZQne t6Q-ecqP.i~:fllhiil,iar)!Vi tn.this: ~qW pment t. dJ suggested
f~r':ha:niMng 'ixternal'
welCome to Dept; that
that: BerliIi iPFotoeol::...did ,noto,pro5ride for,.Control,C6uncil
ticin of equipment to be.renioved:fromEasternriones.
, ,,~e1l1~i:t;li:ng ,point, ()f qj~gieement;.~ /'!ince S~~etary. agreed,
·i.~ \,
't'~ ... 1
~_".-, _-',_! ~_ ol-,-.~.
;.",.,,01,,_, _.' I"
",.~
bility,}?f' e~PEtp,~,inJft~~t~~itfiQn: ~t app,lID,~; a:n,~"~lJtW!tI!J,e~
ID,t;lI).t rel11oV:l!.pl~ias;repa£ation, isip aJ}ocatioti, o! ,29. P¢I;'cel1t
~.";
<.,t:1U//vnq
.)1,",
(,
. r1r309
•
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1
Secretary oj State: tOdlt,e..Un.iterl ~tate81fq1#wq,l;A.tl~u,er
';l"~ JOi'·qe~'!I,(M'lfrP!ty.»;;; ",';
.
'.
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t~, "_"jF~"r
~~r,
.
WAS:t'qNG1'ciN~ Sep~~m:~r 24; 19<15-"-7 R;lm
-<::....·t':~'r~-',.:~~:,
~,!
•
1.{¢f~~enceJ~·'~,ad,e>,to
't
E
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,f~~t~1;qq :;~nd Einb~l $~
.
:qe-Putls
/.'
1&
'OH'?,!Vi~g,~s:~pri~nfH 'a~~~~r P~~U#~~~i~H to R;ay.
sta,tes th~t.~",.!!.L
USS,R. as@d~tfirst ~.
8e!3S1pn~ COl)JlClI. FO:rt;l~gp
,~"
qF~r,W~is<;uss GepIi'Jtr~~:r.~t.io~$,submittiPg rn~mq~
".
•
ow,
•
t'
,.
.
.
1 , '.' t
:;, }
I.
"
L
.
",.' ,
. . .. l
.':',:':;,:t ' . :;' <::':;:
f?p:o;ws:;. ' ; ' ; . ) .'.'
"""v~easIio' Practical stepSh,ave ,yet t beenrtakeh to implement
.~qt:¢.~;m; gn~e~an r.eparatipns, .aiJ.(~, partic-q.larly a~v~<le
":'"
~.
'",
;
' .
"
-".
'",~.:i'''j
":'
I ..• ' . " " ,
','
.'
.
.,.;
"
. . '.
should fiX. 'defiilite schedUle for determination
~.C'a,,~.J. £iqU'ipment'temoyabldJfrom tht15e >'veste~n' iones
,DeceIiiber 11 ; advance 'deliveri'es; (Iiol5'later thahX!>ct
~nt'eligible.aisi aq.valloocdeliveries {not
~ml?assy, 1~ ~tates:Jan, 11;
.to ,9;PP.r:oY~ 1!9~ -9f;e~terpri~,es,
'Ie~:""."!(' ': /. a's .~i. 25 ~ . .:" '.~ .
.to USSR ' . its' ' " r 'cent
j---'-
..........,""':'~,.... l . 4 U . - I . l . J , . _ !
" " ,
~
'shoU1(}l'i!.sk :eotitrol CdunciIto ·dispatch iIiiqIediately'to
.mixed, eo1nmissions oJ sp'ecia'listSlto .prepare'materilH
.!30ntrq} Council in ~a:l'r'Yingoutdetermihationof advance
tfin\lL~:m!?]111tftn~t}:~!,trl,tcter. . :,,:i·f .. ' i . ' r . j 'iLU:
'is willing to' have. Repa!~tion. Corru:pj~$ion"ril()K~ Jp
,~",wi:h~ ,~id'~~:~;~;':i~,dt~\~~O;i~o\1'~~~-;;:'t;~~,~; . . '. ,"
.. , :p,gt';ll.~(.hthl¥t
d~teIini:I:w,tioni o~, a,moimJ;J I!.nd
,stt,oW.d. "he~;xped.iti:l~;k, iHe$tated ch~WOlild,;is$:U.e
tttat th:i~Pe: dO!led '1\cc9r,dingly;.J)ept-;h,a:s!~ked.Wiar'D!3p,t
,,G:tOlJI)! ,C.cjt9>Pf;OceedLu'rg~ntl~~ with' cOinpilrlti6n of
every: effort; to: exp(;ldite:;/ina,l
,):wa;rlPeptJinstpu(!)tijfIi asks US Group CG,toiseleet
:and, devoted bY:Germans :durlnglhOs
o
toT P1J duetiQn ':of :arn':is,:ammifui ticin~ implem~nt:s i of
. ,ai~ ehTgines)::andrsea--gpingrshlpsi ai:;,;nrSt:.}ishof
.,. ,f6rradtancedeliveI'ies and.to.folloVv this, by further
chem,icals,inachinery'and other indUstries directly
:war,. :as : the.se.. can ·.be eliminated !fhim)industries
"0';"; 'H)'~ .j;. · " j i . , , .. , .'(i'::G . ,".:'Vn::c" !.:;
·:~~liiVeci.es : and ';to J make
September 6, 7"p. m., to Mo.:?CQivi"P..,1;288, h , ; d !
!r 10, 5 p. m., to Berlin, was arepear-of telegram 7761 .
t!J.e ,g~!iCU.s15i9nll' wl;l,ich! !:lad alre!.f~Y:;t;rifej:(Place Conc~rn.
of the A~lied C!)mmiss;i'3l1 "<?~ Jl~p.,~~t!P~S ,'s,l.p'~ tp~ Am~
the formulation of the German TPn"''''at!ons'plan (740.00119
�1310
Fn:·!F.!r;::-.:
HE~~,\Tl!}~"~~
1 0) '''-', ,'n!.r;,IE J.fr
C;ER2Il:\XY
fo1' JrJillllHlIIH pe;ICl!iinw. c(:onOI!lY,
of finitl (kH"rminati')1) m:1Y ]0<';("
~nf.?(,f'::::-i\"'...~, ;1tHl J'Un lj::'lS of equ'
:t!:d
\yill
!~(!~e ~n
Acti-ng
-.E!uhtt.';
S(n';~t.- (~o\·t IS
n~l·pp:d)f: tl) .~upp!y!ng· C'01!t
,~~lg·.~\~;:·-~.,;: r!t;lr. ~in:~'e I~ppal'~lrinn
ist" op,
1l1i:::=.if)1l~~ I'('{'OU\"C'lUlon n~
Dept
nmsr, W;l;, until '~leput~" to .\mba,o:-.:ndor P;lliley is ehosrrt and sent to
Bel"lin i Pl'Oi.<lbl,\· ('ne! of Octol)l~r),{}S element il: Control Coullcil
rt'cri ',e infu!Tliiltirm frolll So\"iet :i.:: ol!'t'rpcl.
': ie ws Oll mi xed coimll i~sions, no\\' th a t SO\'jet.
to t.lll'ir dispatch east nswpll as
is thnl. Gem.']'al
pre:';sin Control COllllcil for their endy constitution :IlHl dispatch,
ion sllOu Id be gi \"en ill
cOllntries clailnillg rel)(lJ'ations
but
possih1y ,t\,~O dilferent
try
and
lHllI'phy \rill ilwite named
to supply
isis
conunission
to "isi! r3 7.One.
l'emalnll1g pomt, of disagreement bet""een USSR P?sition and
that. of Dept is in allocnti9Jl machine!'y for filling So\"iet.,2'5 p'ercent
'share in l'eparat'ions:'\Yesfern Gel'lminy', "'S'6,/i<£ orlgin'alif'"
asked t\tat, i;1it[al allocation be made by Reparations C0ll1Jllission,:!5
per cellt to rSSE,,:) pel' cpnt. to all others, 'Reply to 11ide-J1Iel1l<Jil'e
in Embtel 88 £I'om lHoscow strltes USSR \\"ants Control Council.to
origin::,} :?ij per cent-I?) per cpnt" illloeatilm, Dept, feels strongly
1JSSn, ::houhl join Inle1'-.\lIi['d Rt'pnratioll Agency for alloCating
with aU orher claimants and ~hollid not h:\Ve favored position re
sultin!! from iilitial allocation between So,"iet. alld all others, point
will (i",:mbtless be taken lip "ith Brit and FI' reps in London, in dis
cussion of organization of lARA. ' .:.Iean\\"hile Dept feels that
sholllc1 not, ac:t on Soviet slIbmi:::sionof list of plants desired
deli,'eries in so
as:dlocatioll of these plants to USSR
is cOllcel'Hed, . Dept,
1'eqlle,~t for reporting of list by you to
Dept and to London!9
:-Sent ro rSPl)lAd, Berlin as
l'rppated 10 London as 8:),~~,
Paris as 4472,
as 2032,
to
-
oj ;)'tate to the Am
l(;ngdom (
Iii
tlu' C
XOY!'II;h'l',
;~~S of _~3ept lS that
l'(>l (!onncll and
\\'jrh in fl,.-;i'li1t1tjQn on prcs('uC'c. of
OCC11pat;,:,,, "Li will :1.L,() gin'. mixed
portu!;!!,'" ,0
familial' with this eqn
J-{-;{i
1311
HO,OOll:l EW/:l ..23,1f,: 'r,:lt-:;rn'l!
ACHESO:\
'Y,\::;IIlXGTOX, Scpt('mber 2J! IrIJ;3-7 p, m,
8390, For Ht'illsiein,'
lIde]::; DS16, !jS17 and !IS!];';, of Sppr
i\'elyYJ
bya'ttitllde
1 by ,Ya ley in YO'l!'
of Brit note of Alig 31, on L\ R ..\:
orga!lIZll1!; rnepting~
to Dept
e;lrly constitlltion of 1A IL\" as ll1enll" of
as
\\ere made. Siu,'c theil, en'J] before
~o,' iet
Guion El to -'hde-Jf(:)/I(}il'e,~"
,-_ .. 1"-~~"'~,; for Jargp :lcl\';1l!Ce
deli\'e\'ies~ made seriatim,
would llillTOW probh};n of
I deof ml1O:llIt a~lcl chal'acter of l"f.'p:1l'ation deli
to marcases and 1'('l1l,IC[' pl'e;;:"llre .011
It "'as llOped
ol'!.[uniz!l tiOli
eated
tllis \"ie\\", ,ACe (hilS fal:-~lI1\\"ilJ
I;)
.:\
dt-li\'(:~'les mllSt. be alIoe:;
:::lIPpOlt of pudy
IARA.
,0
2, \Vale.y's position that lll\'l[llIg gO"Cl'lIlllr:nts sit(mld f'.~t;~hl
stati1tes of lARA is liot ncceptablC' to Dept. His a
(in'
might, j'('r!uest comments on proposed statutE'S ilnd special
cOllfet'ence if substant.ial di:::agreement developed is agreeable.
3, Dept is opposed to inclusion of restitutiolr 111 L\R}L'
riewe"d as, COllSist,ill rr of
,i)cCjuain"ted
,
Yesfiillfio;l'
Dept :::riil
that ACC should deal with
sneh COllrse
.of
4, Dept position
011 01111:::510n
of
unwilling to prejudge Danish daim to repa
tend il1jvitatioll to IAR:\, Omission M Egypt
their indu:::ioll to confel'ence to di\'icle
at suggestion of
5. Formula bv
capital eqllipme;lt il\'al
Reparat,ion CommisO'ioll
anre of
11 n
1/1
f'1""/.",.
n.·\f'l:~..
'N.n" •. tnrl thnt
nddition;d
on
If
for~llicl-
as ba2is of \'aIUiL.~",
6, US would pn:fPr farformal
:!IT:lngC'me!lt for S!:'c]'Nariai.
and agenev than th[1t, implied iii Bl'it
-----..:
ls I'(~ r:;lyn~'~llt of p:\:_
"
:TE'legrnms (is.! 7 I1ne] US()!'; not print--d,
:,~, T!C::lt;~raut (ilO. Sipnh"">n,h,:-r 9:i
'.'
., See • .
telegram 330~. ~F.ntnJ\'hr, ...
Q,..~
'c
�1312
FOH£IUS
1 9 -15, VOLU1l1E HI
CER:\L\:-;Y
pell~(:i" aJiLl 5;:1la
of ofiicial;:,
\\'illillg to IF':'IIJ1JC share of ex
pense''; of .\!.:·C']1r:L Hut ·,"on!tll,r"~'(:J-lo se(~ salla-:es of nil participants
paid !,y' t1;~: n;embl!r COUlit l
,(nd (jllf:stioll of 2alary scale for
;':(!cr('lari,lt and IJ'H;mb<.'rs left 10 ilJ(iividHa] cOIllltries, Ulllll'f
[il'ol"edm'c, w('llil.>ers pay ~oHJd IJC no COllcern of agelll~y: not' would
IIHH ui' their fl":sistants, Sii'llibt'ly, profeEsion:ll pet'~ollnE'1 in secre
rariatl';()uld be Sllj)l)liec1 ))\' Ilit'mber ~on:~rnlH('llts, Olllv secretarial
.
"
derieal ;mcl \iClllspkeeping as::is(nnct" nnd relit and l"'lWllses of
ing Y'-'il:ld I)(~ :oharcd illliOll!l' go nrlll "fl C'll ts. '~,'his prDccdlll'e would
k(:l'l' d;~lpgat:ulls of gon,l'llIlICniS t1'llIy s~I~:tlL '.\.·here is also involved
!he."qt!estion IkLt FS cannot ObL,li~l an ;tflecp:ar8 delegate: to lARA at
sabry of SS,(II)O, and would prefer ~::ln,nOO or Sl~:OOO. Dept feels
tJlat whole s,llfllT scaleis too low to a!tret.;!, (lpproprinte l],S !,)ersonnel.
7. :i'.Iul'e (In!\., Clnd <:oHslllt;d ion in Dl;))t, i" IWluired before definitiye
:111S1','lT c;m be giyen Lo your n::ljllfst fUI' ili,,;tl'UCtiOllS on
pl'OCedll1'6 fot' alloc:atioll I'S, Brit proposal of using lii-st secretariat,
al\(; tht'll referring
Of finl, Initial reaction
L~)\\'eV€l': I'=: tllat. l;l'!t :
11! \'Ut n:::s eXl'CSSl \'C dictation to
."ulalle!' claill1alir" by t, Bl'it ild France. !llld at same time Ullder.
nliHI2'.,5
to :dlocating initiallv to TSSR
COllu'ol
t. that L\n;\. ol'gani~itlg committee
could t.:t-,\·ise
fo[, *,lltomn! ic allne;u;ion proc,e
I to random s€'lection
of ')l'tl(~t· of choices ('iI1d u~e of ,liI
-~
unit~",
-:.! ''''
of total reparation,
·\Y·;l;(·ll y,:onl,J)h', nsed tf)
batch:.>sof equip"
·ment. Yom' f,·;!!, that L'(';.miTii:s \\'olrld t>lect
\y h ieh could
1110 l't>, ('('ollomlc;dly b~, \lsed eJ::el,hpl'\.'. j;:; nOL cOllsidel'!'oi compelling,
:;il:c(\ elilp!wsis in l'epa1,:tion rf!IJ10v:,l:=; is first 1.\' on ii\dust-rinl dis·
;u'\i1al'lwr,!, secrmdl.\' Ul' tlw (11lna~2 sll,i'el'c,l hy countries during war
:11!:,1 ~b;!'<iI\' on h'(,Gll.;.iJ'llctinl! a
s of l'i.'.p;'l)';1{ion. If a, country
i.s II!'PI':ll'Nl l;; nse 11p irs :::han: to l'c'j)nrnfioll ~Il tnking equipment. out
{,f GCl'm:'llY, en~n tjl(lu~:h snclt pqqiplw:nt actually k's little or no
",due tn dollt country, f:E; I·!e;.\\' is thaI it ;::hollltl haYl' sneh equipment,
(lther cOllntries (jbl,lin fall 0p!loriunit.'· to other equipment
on ('(1l:i!:thlc h:,,,is, Ih'it intfl';:>st in ;;i'laniling" :t1h'.'ations may be
!llO~"" pCIl/;omi':rt I: it i'; dUll!)il',:l WhCi her it lS 1i!::!:'I" to le:H1 to as
hnlT!lCtniolls I'f:L1t1on~
'
's, AS:1 lI'cndy noted in n sepnr,de ,tflegl':un, DiOpL feels that \V..Ieys
ion that Control COllneil allotnie 10 USSR nfter US, Br and
"
, .
Fr' ll1f'mhers had con'll! Ired 14 other ehimaliL enlllltnes llWO Ive~ a
~
so c1ul1l::\~ as :0 he Ull wol'imble. DE-pt \\olllc1 prefer auto
nl:H!c; m:lchinel'Y f~l' allocation in JAIL\. and USSR part.icipation.
J313
Grallte~l tlmtit llllgltt be llndigniiil:J io imile VSSH, P:lrtl{'.ipntiol1
CK and
could be nllo\\(:>(l for :lnd Control Cellln(;il in:"t ],ll':red hy f..
Frdelegntes to submit list" for :u.lvallC'(' dd
to 1:\1:.\. in \\'hich
instance ussn would join. n, bnll''"P!', allrH::Uioll ill J.\.lL\ is to he
by dictation by rs, 131', and FJ', the!'C' is 1;0 ob)""1 ion in
to allocation of 25 pel' f:E']l[, illiti:lll), to (-SSE ill Conn'ol f.:oul1l,il with
outcollsnltatioH willt other cl:lirnant:;, ~i"'('l' l'C':I::(ll1 fol' oppoi3in~' initial
allocation to FS~n falls to gl'ound.
Sent to London as 83;W: Hepeatec1 to l,iSPoL\d, Berlin
Murphy as 53i, PH ris asHi -t. nlld :'I[o::r;(lW 21J:)±,
.\('JIESO)f
7~O.00110 CO\lnc!l/n-~fl·I:~ ; Tf')c'grnm
The AmOrrs." fulor hi till'
.
/0 IIi(: ,I
of
Ln,,;D('X, Sl'piemJ,c'l"
DD6S. DdseG
1. Dj l'ergl'llCe of
USSR and 011 aJjoea!
l~'j-l:)--l a,·m.
[Rreein'd Sppternbel' -?5-1.1 : -to p,
2G hom
mol
feasibility of reaching agreement OIl litnf:HlIJllS for establishment of
Inter-Allied Reparat.ions AgC';l'~y thi:, week H.lleI' pbnJlillp: to Jean'
for Paris Thursday:SJ I,Ye win IIH'd ;l,~'ain !(IHlOITO\\ alu.l Thul'scby
if nece-ssnrY,B4 If adequate in:~tl'llt'ti()ns rCHch me in time \I'e will :ct
, temptJp c1rnftjm'iqt("li!3nl'csuhllli3siml io-tkee ,2'o\crl\Tiwnrs.. If riof··"· .. ··~·'
I will' suggest HllE'fl' l'c/:tl'l1to ['0])(1011
sions. Should this he nee(·s:';:!r."] urge!
Ki!ld lelle rgel'
to participate in
c
2. Department';:: C'uminnp([lIF;stf'll(,(, ~Ipnll i.'H-ttat lOll jl) FSSR ig
nores formal l'ef!'c:"11 ill Soviet note to Kennan CJuoted in Moscow!s
3303, September 18 i 0 flpp;: rir;lf'llt.:\ lhl"1l 1'>11 hy A l! iul C, lilt !'ol ('[JlY] ..
mission as bCltweell USSR flnd Poland on one hand and olherclaimants
on ot.her is USSR 3tl{!.!'::·estiOll lH>t B:·itish. As T h:l\'e pl'eyiousI.v re.
ported IVaJe) consi(ki'; SOl'iet
i('ipation highly desirable l)ut,
not regard it. as pos;:iI.h· to 01:(:1 in, r)1I i 1 this
is r('~,)\I'ed it. is imPossible to !IO fO;'WH r':l II" i t :'1 ()1'L';l11 iZ:l t inll (>1' 1.\
.F:I
. to join' TARA s(-'nns t() IlH' \,,~;~] prohni)!y
Ie
In Our
all a 1111mber of
c:';change of
--
n .\
: September 27,
d ThIS .telegram hnd prf-.~llmal>!,~ be'en riraftr;(: on Sl~prelllto('r :;:"i: if
ales In(iJcated here WfJultl ilr,\'c, In'en S"I,tl'lll/.ler :!G and 27: IllP
tOOk plar(, "!1 SepI('mher 25 11ll(] :!7, fL' reportpd in !t']e:rl'a1ll8
Septelllber27 from LU!Jd,,>u, nn.l:{l!: ""II ,,,
the
;l':ru
nnd
"'fl,
'.,
~
.
;, ~
....
�-s......
1314
.. -
~-::"
}I')EU{;S Hl-:L\TlU:,,,,,
jfJ~,),
\(lLL'.:\!L
[II
1315
(;!.;r:,\!.\\Y
mixcd con1l1lj~sions, I reg;ll'd it, as dl'.~il'al-,le that Dcpartl:1Pllt reYie1t
cnt.ire situation carefully before making lkC'i~ion.
3, Other princip,11 i3:,;\lc is that of ali()(:al:on prOCrLllll'C, I interpret
Dppnrtl1lf'nt telegT;llll 8,j!)i1>lO as lIH'nning illis CjIll':"tit)1I i~ :"'ing con2id_
('red ful'ti)(,t"
I dn Hot rP!-".':lnl :UgUJlIl'lH:" ill paragt':lpIJ -;- uf 8300;],
lWl',,;u:I,,IH', L\IiA i;,: alhwntion agl'lll'y. Dft'i"io!l on \,.-hni is to be re
moyccl from Germa II) '" ill bc l\lade by ('annal Conncil lmeler poJi:
ciE's bid do\yn for it. ·:\PPl'opl'inte allocation of equipmellt to be
}'cmoH'cl from Germany as l)('t"H'c][ clnimal'.t. cOllntries se(,Il1S to llJe
(0 h:I"e nothing to do '\'itli qupstion of ecollomic. (li~:\rmament of
Germany "hich pre~l1lllahjy \Yill bl' c:llTiPll out ill) m,'tter "'liic,h COUll
t.ries receiH equipment. Criteria fn;' ,lllocntion sli(mld therefore
be economiC', PLlll suggested in p,1l'ag'\'aph S of Department tele,
g-I'am 8::;;11) doe;;; !lot ~.eem to me lil-:dy to conlriiJll[(J to European
l'econ"t l'uction,
'1, I ll'-l not, 1I1Hlt'r:-:tailcl !'i:~l'l'l'C'il(':? in ('n:ll jn P;\i':I,:!T:lr;}1 1 of YO\l\'
telegram, British attitlllle is that n'Hlf:l' Potsdam :'g]":'t'lj~e;it rel;;]ra_
tiuJl;< are at p!'c;::ent ,'onnlle(l to c-::lpital equipment ;~Il;l foreign a~"eto
"itl! current onlput l:~rgely mort;:!',lg:t'll for paYnlPllt of impow,
Pl'op(x,ed tel'll!;:: of reference of L\R.. \. ~l'~ to dea 1 "ith capital equip
ment. Extl'J'l1al a!"~ets could be handled hy' jt by decisiun of three
controlling po,wrs as ,,,ell as ClllTE'lit Olltput if L'Uri'En(, ontput is to go
to reparations, \\'ith reference to yc,ur question rc'gal'ding British
at'titllde see telegram 85 l'€ ' pol,ting Oil meeting on lARA today "'hich
suggests change,
5, P~ll'agi'a phs 3, .:.1: ,alld [) of Department telegram S:3DO Iloted resti
t(ltiOl~;,\fillbe:.discussecl in.CF:\I tomo·lTo'I\',,", .. You "iIi, beinformed,- '_.:
of re::ults.
G, Sugge::tion in paragraph G of yOUI' telegrall1 regar:cling secre
tariat does not appear to me to be feasible and does not accord Tl'ith
British and French ideas. Is Department able to commit itself to a
contribution to lARA?
7, Dr:partmcnt telegram S~~90 just dr:cipheredre:ichecl me too late for
today's meeting \"ith 'Y,llr:y ancl Rueft'. I shall attempt to arrange
t e.letype. confercnce for ~lOO hom;: London time 'V edi!e.~day September
:26, Failill~ instructions I :::hall act as ol1tllned in par'lgraph 1abon,
rRein~~('in,J
,40,OOll!l COllncili"-:\~H:;: Tell';r;)p.,
.'
C."If/,lom ('lVinant') to the
I Ii" .- "
The Amb'/8s(ldo!' ·in the ['Il i ,'';l.·
v
of Stut:::
.'·:'-U(ftii'!I ' .
,c
':':,C'ptpmber :26. Hi.!D-miclniQ'ht.
•
T ,,,(lO~, ~':~
"Ll_
,
.' ~
", ""
[liecf',yecl ::::>eptcmlwl':2 I--Oc',
.. '
,)_ <l. HI.
~houlcl be :l prclill1inHl'Y lllf'et!P2-";>\'el prior to formal conference,
.
."
' (n .
I ,~
countries nt. ter"iUle';'1 I {.O,IlCJ:l I) )-
hlceat.LonclonaI'Ollllc.':''iO\-em b er ~
(.
They suggest :OUeil a meeting Ulke.l~h:J meeting,
. J agree strongl,\- Ull desil':d)i1it~· ;tlLrl'ellch al'1(l American experts meet
2. Also slIg-;2'e,ste,1 tklt Britis n, ordinate dnta frum claimant conn
in, London" abolll. October :2:2 to CO 1..1~i~ tllis dnta to be submitted to
JI u,
,
mes and to WO\'J~ out propo.~,d 0
conference of ofnci,als.
"Ike pbce in Paris carly December
3. Formal conference woull l [; r,ond on conference. Suggestion· is
unless agreen)ent '''ere l'e;lciIecl?, be. Tl'ithheld for the present.
tllat. decision on C':dlill![ confe'rcJlll', I I>ith l)lans for October 10 COIl~
,
"
rt II
4:. Foregolll[!'seems to lIle to I ~c:hedl!le for L-\"RA (see separate
~
, Ill'.
ference in Paris and probable [.]1 ,
~
~
E
telegram ' on this subject).
,ommend these proposals. Please
Cl
5. I haw jndicated I \\"(lulcl r
instruct.58 [ReillStein,}
,VIXX:-;'T
'."~
':~:"""'-":-"'---'
;!O,ooua
EW/a-~j43: Telegram
.....:---):::...
the Ambassador -in the Cilited
The Acting 8ECi'etary of State t\lfiM/1t)
lOlli,
7.-'
i1 iII!J{.
_
'C1'o:-.',
\,-.\:31 11:'- '
,
_,
September':! I, 1!)-±~,-ti
_
P,1l1.
8549, For .Rcinstein..
, e to ,\',tley's proposals ,on, a),ex
1. Department prepared to [I~t~) controlled proceclum tor Iilaklllf'
CIIl'I'O ll.O.!. T-,' -'R f rUIn I \ . ' . J · to a..) , you S~lOU 1"
.e
,
,. l~l~ t' '~...J
~
\J:~~ \.
~ R.~~~ [ll~~.;)L't.
u.;:rflU: ,I .. IT,,",
allocatlOlls 111 LULL ,Yith J'e:=V,' ...... nnd l)o::-::;ibly the. lJep::ty :-y~cre\
•
"1
-
L
01
ennsages that its meml)'2r on I;\J\~e !'eqllired from time to time to
tal'\' -C'
"
,
' ,_,el;2;a,I ,--']
., ,-_01,'_
.• lenel',~ 1· f' T" ~ o~'!g;r: \ ' "-'_\. i!iO],Cle~' to J(l\T;t~ ('
0
L~
:n;l.
ab3~nt them~elyp.'j from ",ire of l-\.J~J'oll1 ti\n'e w('st'~l'n ZOlH':; bet \wen
'Jil Iillt.ial di\-i~ion of re))~ll',il;Ol!S
~
~
. IlL. p. l~aG.
. .
0
"., Dated Septernbpr ~4, 6. 1811,
"1'
"PrE'O'ull1ably l'E'fen'nce i~ to tE'lE';mll1 10(1,[1, S:ej,ternber 27, 11 P Ill.~' 1~,:',
~. See tl1f' minutes of the t\Yenn'-seconil illt'ei"ill2' llf tbe ('ouncil of ~ ortl~1
IILnisters, September 2G, 11 a, m .. yoi. II, p, 33,1.
'
]'
'icin.
100:23, ,De1sp,:. (;1. Froll\ He 1w .o to :dJoc:ltioll oi ",hiUt'S iii repara
1. British slIggest v;-i,lt l'dfri'I~(:h:1Il to USSI~ and PoLn(l. there
,
,e
' f ;) l '
tions f ron~ -\- e3tCl'1l /:ones OUI' l ' of n;presentatlYes 0 1- c.~llmnn t
\.
.
d£
WrNAxr
Actina
" 'lee tclE'~"
III .. te. J"-'Wl"ll. ~r:lt('d that
~~~ . . t .. , ':"'}:"lo [)(>j)'lJ""l.e. ~l\l)Je(. I.. ). L .1; .~;
~
" .1,1".1 .. ",'! .il ~, ["jull"- aud "t~fliJlt'; tlIe L Bleed :-:;tate~
Ihe scheuUle
.-,
ru"nt's sllcce~YI,II,),:.),.'el( lY ilk' El'lfn:--. :' [;'~l-;r ... ti:lIl.S (I-W,UOli~) CUHllCilj!J-:2U-t::iI,
r
Ut-lev t"
-~
1 ...:.l1C lng a l f'pnt.~
}"\t"~
oa lOll to r.lIe -..... :lieli COlumi:'~i"tl (,Il
~~r
1r~-r.
~Ulln ')')IJ!S0ptt·!llh~'r;...;
,..I r ' r l " ' - ' .... ··~I
;~._,
l
Jep:lrtIiIClJCs-
q-
..
L'Y'i
! 1
..
-:1.lj~'
,_
'I' ";-:,
:111)1..:
-
I /"I.
•
-I'·
tl'j ,-;1'::; [1("Cl'!ol:L
h
l
+
�1316
FOREIGN RELATIONS, 1945, VOLUME III
USSR arid Poland on one hand and all other claimants on
With respect to b) ,-you should state that US will be forced
sider its agreement to formulation of allocations in
procedure for' committee of five in event that other l;laUUaUlj
reluctant.to accept proposals in this r e g a r d . - '
2. Department is prepared to contribute to support of
Department agrees in principle to initial contributions
but must wait for minimum of 3 -weeks on passage of
- deficiency ,app;opriation. Repeat USPolAd Berlin, for
740.00119 Conncll/9-2745: Telegram
The Ambassador in the United Kingdom (Winant)
Secretary 'of State
LONDON, September. 27,
[Received September
'·10079. - Delsec 62 from ReiMtein.
1. Dearborn and I attended third meeting of lARA
committee
September. Since neither Rueff nor ,.
received instructions on the matters referred at' preivio
progress w~ limited.
.
, .;
2. Draft note to Belgian Govt, text of which is being
separately,89 -Was agreed to subject to French reservation
my reservation of countries to be listed.
3. Waley ~_~uggested there is a strong probability' that .
middle', of Octooor~the 'coordmating committee will'-'
stantial volume of equipment to be available for interim'
that there will be similar periodic declarations thereafter
sity for obtaining comments of claimant Govts delay
failure to agree on invitations and time required for
Belgian Govt and allowance of reasonable time for
representatives indicate impossibility of holding first
as October 15. This would confront occupying pow~
sity of allocating themselves. British suggested in'
- be issued without fixing date and place of first meetih 6
asked to submit immediately to three Govts lists of .
sired. Allocation Could, if necessary, be made on
experts.
4. Nigel Sutton has been selected by Bri6sh as :::;ecret;ar:
Before war he was- in business in Paris and during
on·.25'
.. Telegram 10076, September 27, 11 p. m., not printed;
~"
Brussels as the seat for the Inter-Allied Reparations Agen n '07d>nI1'
Belgian approval (740.()()119 CounciI/9-2745). Agree.ment;w.
.,
-
.•
.
.
--
_.
-
_.
-
-
~
..
_""_~'"
r.n1-tn-:,'llt'ILEIIELi
GERMANY
1317
Intelligence Dept FornOff. He will be available in London
18Cussions between 5 and 10 October although not free for full
until the middle of November. I think it highly desirable
US shoulCi have a deputy secretary general available for
k in London by 5 October and for meeting of British,
and as elements are scheduled in Paris for 10 October. De
be availwble on the French side.
was agreed that the salary of the deputy secretary general
;be 2,000 pounds to be fixed in terms of Belgian francs.
' expenses from the US self, family and household effects
,~~
.
agreed delegates to lARA should [be] paid by their Govts
t from funds of agency.
suggested that the US, UK and French Govts should
advance contribution of 5,000 pounds each to the funds of
order to enable it to get under way. I said I would seek
but was uncertain' whether we could make contribution
i of establishment ofagency.
: Dept as 10079, repeated to:Paris as 624; USPolAd Berlin
as 146 and Moscow as 328~, [Reinstein.]
WINANT
: Telegram
rmOassador in the. V'[LitedKingdorn (Winant) to the Acting
S~cre.ta'ry of.:$tate
'-' -. ,. - '-L~N~N; 'S~pte~ber' 27, 194~ 11 p. m.
[Received September 28-10: 28 a.m.]
" is Delsec 77 from Reinstein. ' '
.
.and I attended fourth meeting of Interallied Repara
Organizing Committee on 27 Sept.
O'O'P_c::t·pd that in view of the difficultiesjnsecuring agree
1-""''''1''''' terms of reference procedure and membership of
t be well to postpone settlement of these matters and
proposed conference of officials on 7 Nov. Both Den
would be invited to conference. His draft of invi
sent as separate telegram. 9o Revised memo would
,as attachment.
""
'
.
Itgnference of officials would discuss terms of reference and
lARA as well as shares in reparatjons. Invitations to
be sent to Denmark and Egypt. If conference resulted
10096, September 28, 4 p. m., from London, informed the Depart
.draft was bein2' rpvl.c::pn Qn..1 'nT"",,,,I...1 ........... .... ~
.1..1 _ _ _ _ _ ...
..
•
�1324
FOREIGN RELATIONS, 1945, VOLUME III
_.
. GERMANY
","
Agency"iyill be subject to the approval of The Agency and
purpos~ th~ .voting power of each Member Government will ~
portion to itS share in German reparations.
"
(8) (i) The Control Council and the Commanders in Chief
several zones will be requested to ensure to The Agency to it..C!.
and to the staff of The Agency and of its members (other
nationals and other persons recruited locally) the following
(a) The free provision at the cost of the German
of such local services and local currency as may be
Germany 1'or their accommodation and transport and
by the zone commander concerned.
(b) Their exemption from all German taxation i
customs duties;
,,
( c) . Their exemption from exchange restrictions and, "
and legal process in any German court;· ,
'
(d) The inviolability of their premises and their .
ject to the right of search where 'a crime·has been commitij
Military Government law.
.'~
. (e) Appropriate freedom .of communication by
otherwise with their respective Governments to the
as that enjoyed by Military Missions attached to
CounciL
.
(ii) Theabov~, facilities shall only be granted to
sonnel specified' in this paragraph when his name has
to the Control Council.
'
(9) All other facilities whIch the Agency may
shall be the subject of agreement between it and LIl61uUllLI
or the Commander in Chief in their respective zones.
10. Subject to the provisions of paragraph 8 the persoIlJ.!eJ
tioned therein,shall be subject· in each zone to the
as apply in that 'zone"to'officers of corresponding
nationality in the·service of or attached to the Commanuer
of that zone or the Control Council. (End text.)
Fo~egoing to be transmitted to claimant government~
ously through Missions in Washington, London and, P
desired to present notes soon as possible. Please
satisfactory.
740.00119 CouDclJ/I0-445: Telegram
The Amba8sador in the United Kingdom (Winant)
Secretary of State
LONDON, October 4,
[Received Octoberl
10342. This is Delsec 107 from Reinstein.
1. With the conclusion of the meeting of the F
Council it appears possible to make a full reply to
c
1325
[8387], September 24 and to report on the results of
'8a{;lOnS I have had with Waley and Rueff. I have felt it
do so at length so that full information may be available
#ment prior to departure of reparations group for London
meetings.
.
!~diCated in Embassy's telegram 9629, September 18,99 the
1 September 14, submitted a proposal to direct AIliedControl
.
Germany to fix the amount and character of equipment
from the Western Zones by December 1 and to fix dates
·i-lafo.....;..;nntion and commencement .of equipment to be furdeliveries. (Document CFM 45 (15) [O.F.M. (45)
proposal also provid,ed Ior transfer of ACR to Berlin
of mixed commissions .of experts into Western ZoneS.
iVp}'o'Posals re dates were opposed in Ii, British paper (CFM 45)
45J.t British also QPPQsed immediate sending of eom
~h""'posing instead exchange of information of removals froni
for list .of equipment available in British zone. After
this data, British prepared for entry of specialists repre
Ainmrested countries in,to British zone conditioned upon entry
. , into Soviet zone. (This proposal was made prior to my
with Soviet reply of September 16 to our proposals
~7,Septeillbergiven in 1Y.{osco·w's 3300 [3303J, September 18 to
French submitted paper (CFM 38) [O.F.N. (45) 38]2
:"vt-lon on restitution as part of reparation proposal.
.of Secretary's conversation of September 16 with
,agreed to drop proposaL on dates. When subje,ct
September 26 [~] (minutes 2i"rneeting 4) Molotov iritro
,f;tute resolution providing simply that ACR should move
that Allied Control Commission, Germany should be
collaboration with ACR to accelerate work on repara
ill particular advance deliveries in order that date set
Protocol should be met (CFM 53) [O.F.N. (45) 53).6
~IJLtmiDted to attach, as condition to approval, provisio~ for
replacement but eventually agreed to separate dlSCUS
~".';'lt,UL!On. Soviet proposal was then adopted.
~itution . was· considered hoth by Council and deputies on
On September 27 (24th meeting) Conference
this cable transmitt'ed the text of the memorandum by the
to the Council of Foreign Ministers, entitled "Reparations from
text of memorandum, see C.F.l\:L (45) 15, September 14, vol.
:',.",,!:<"WJ..l
t'~~~tember 22 ; for text, see ibid., p. 325.
1:~~Ptem:ber 20 ; for text, see ibid., .p. 285.
of conversation by Mr. Bohlen, September 16, ibid., p. 194.
document, ; .... 4- ...... _= ____ contained only minor differences from
not printed,
cont~ino.r1
J..
.
�1326·
FOREIGN RELATIONS, 1945, VOLUME III
.For~i~' Ministers agreed Allied Control Commission
should,examine urgently restitution problem, taking into,
United Nations Declaration of January 5, 1943 6 on Axis.
poSsession and instructed deputies to consider and report
of s~sion on French.proposal for a 2-year period for effect~D
tution.. As indicated by Delsec ,85,7 Sovietsblocke<.l every:
to work out a formula under which any requireInents would
on Allied Control C<;>mmission to take action on grounqs
needed advice and information .from their economic
they could engage in any: disc:ussion on restitution. Matte
pending before deputies as unfinished business. Soviets
our effort to raise question of restitution in Austria.
of delay aqopted in face .of .warning from Secretary in
ip,g that failure to settle restitution question might cause
when reparl.'!-tions plan comes before Allied, Control
'Yhere Fr~nchconcuI;'rence will be ~eeded.
5; Replying last paragraph D~partm~nt's. telegram
British position appears to have,changed in last several wee~;
letter of September 17 to Dunn quoted in Delsec 35 a and:
conversations,with me indicated a cl()ar position that interim,
should be very small. Later he began talking of e.
deliveries., I believe that this may' refle~t ministerial,
of the question. '. Dept's attention ·isdirectedin this
differences between paragraph 3 of September 17· letter and
5 of Britishpaper of September 22 (CFM 45) [O.F.RI. (45)
ing of plantS available for removal from British zone, incluulIll!
Works at Essen, (refer CC 16875, September 29[M] from
to War 0)' is aiwsigllifi~ant .. '. '.
'
.
6. French position is tied up with restitution and with
concerning Rhineland and Ruhr. Uur impression was
realize strength of their position in influencing
through veto right in Allied Control Commission. '
now appear to have grasped the point. Question'
they will be prepared to go in exercising their veto right
to the USSR. In general, impression I received from
Alphand 10 is that French hope to see establishment of
Ruhr state which would be joined in some form of econom
with France and are opposed to removals from
As a result of. Soviet objection to consideration of .n.Ul1ltl!l1'1
• For text, see Foreign Rel.a.ticms, 1943, vol. I, p. 443.
Telegram 10182, October 1, 3 p. m., from London, p. 1321.
• Telegram 9698, September 19, 9 p. m., from London, p. 1297.
•
footnote 20, p.1330.
Berve Alphand, Director General of Economic, Financial,
Affairs, French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and member of the
tion to' the Council of Foreign Ministers.
7
GERMANY
1327
on.lby deputies, it was agreed French paper on this subject (CFM
r,F:iJf. (45) 17]11 should be discussed through diplomatic chan
.'•. , ' tual resubmission to CFM. French and British have
~ economic aspects of matter 'n~xt week probably be
'October R.' French desire, discuS$ions to take' place in PariS
are insisting upon London. ' It is our plan to join for
'iistening to French view~ and reporting to Depfirtment.
informs me Mark Turner now in B.erlinhas reported that
r~torate ~ill submit tb coordinating committee on October
'.
a ,first list, of plants available for removal' as .
List will be comprised of 13 plants in.Soviet list
16875) plus 13 mote 'from US Zone. This wili bring a
~nding issues immediately to a head, among them the
,Q~t;eqnine d,iyision..between· USSR-Poland and other
aleystates British Representativ~'~ill take position
ACR.
' ,
is to go to USSR~' British fear USG/CC will take
uld go to USSR and hope that/Department will ~
taken by USG/CC will reflect US Governmentposl
informed Waley that USC/CO has raised question
of, yaluation. Waley how feels that ACR should lay
[ • ,
~
;",
.'
>
•
'of compensating deliveri~by USSR. Waleyappears
come from ou tside Eastern Zone in view of ( a) agree
'.:n~l'lIlanv is to, be treat,ed: from economic viewpoint as a
of reparatIOnS under Potsdltm Agreement
foreign asSets.:'
states that failure to
oint will undermine efforts to carry on interzonal
from Eastern Zone by Soviets should be paid
first charge principle. 'Although I realize that
[d]op Potsdam Protocol by Clayton and Collado
JDmbassy's telegram $296, August 16 to Department,12 re
I have not ,discussed point with vVal~y 'since I
e my activities on reparations to discussion of
O!-'<H(1,UUllS Agency and to reporting questions arid views
to Department, is [in] con-formity with Depart
He
'Despres and Kindleberger in teletype conversation
British propose following additional items for dis
)tthcoming meeting of ACR :
_ what capital equipment is to be left in Germany,
lowance be made forproclucing goods for, delivery as
13 ; for the text, see vol
of RRrl,r-n.
('Pn+od,.._ \
II, p.
...,,...1 ....._ _
177.
.n..n.n
�13~8
'
FOREIGN RELATIONS, 1945, VOLUME ill
6::1;0. calculating equipment needed for producing!or'
exports be ~gured only at amount necessary to ?Over ImI,
ments or WIll allowance be made to cover servlce on pre
Waley is \mder definite instructions to raise this aUAAt,lnn'
. c. US memorandmri on labor services. 13
merely to record their disagreement with Olu" views.H
9. In the light of foregoing Waley believes ACR
Berlin at ,a very early date, if possible about October
formed me that N ovikov inclined to even' an earlier
and Waley attempted to arrange meeting with N
this matter after closing of CFM meeting but were .
Waley takes position calling of meeting is responsibility
, as c h a i r m a n . ' "
10. As separately repQrted to Department, French
restitution and gold be discussed at projected talks of
and US elements of'ACR scheduled to begin in Lonaon:'
British would like to have preliminary discussion
German ,Foreign assets,8,Jld related,qu,estiqns.,
meI\tioned are whether Germ.an assets in eastern A
by Soviets include those in British, French and US
what disposition to be made of German assets in "'f........ ··
, disposition ~o be made 9f currency cfllptured in
11. I have not been a;ble to ascertain whether
British and French positions have been affected by
CFM meeting,Just prior to final meetingofCFM I
Waley question of future action if, GFM shoul<l
reaching agreemeriCHis personal vie,*t was .tha~' a4
..
.
tionS should go f~rward and that it would be mistake
,to receive iInpression we are obstructing implemel
tions agreement although (as-indicated in preceding
envisages that discussions with Soviet will·involve.
there'must be hard bargaining. Waley e~phasize<l
sity for full US participation in forthcoming meetings,
which might result from delay of US in sending
from viewpoint of relations with USSR and from,
, extremely tight time schedule confronting us.
12, Both Waley and Rueff seemed uncertain as to
decisions on repara'tions and restitution in the absence. 01
an;
TIT. .
••
:L
~:
I '
.
•
,. Reference Is apparently to a statement inserted for the
of the Allied Commission on Reparations at Moscow. August 12,
consisted of paragraph 4: !l.of IPCOG 2j2,May 18, p.1m.
"The British point of view on this matter had been set fortli
Mr. Makins to Mr. Clayton, May 27, p. 1231.
GERMANY
1329
i pointed out USSR had agreed to moving to Berlin in
nterirber 14 to ,us.ts
of papers referred t~ in earlier paragra.phs of this
taken Washington by returning members of delegation.
trtment as .10342; repeated to USPolAd' Berlin for
; Paris as 645; Moscow as 341. [Reinstein.]
WINANT
lJulOflrw
in the United 'Kingdom (Winant) to the Acting
SeO'l'etary 01 State
LONDON, October 4, 1945-9 p. m.
October 4-7: 45 . p. ro.]
"is Del sec 110 from Reinstein. Reference Secdel 142.t6
fea.r that lists: of 'eqUipment' available for advance
be issued before machinery foralloeation of reparation
'been established·seems well grounded. However, in
of unsettled issues regarding allocation to USSR
. telegram 17 revlewingreparations 'problem which I
to:hlght, I doubt whether we will be in a position to know
. be allocated other claimants until the beginning of
; 'Under the circumstanceS, delay in organizing Inter·
'tions ~gency;may not cause great difficulty. Avail·
'~equipment :for, allocatjon· may- h,asten .agt~ment on shares
[~eceived
, ce telegram
(urgent 8610; September 28)', . Did not reach·
October 3 and Consequently your views were not available
rctohA~ i meeting. I understand Rueff is still in London
to discuss your vie:ws' with him and Waley lomorrow.
. suggest Department consider notes transmitted in
~ light of foregoing and of separate telegram. referred
ein.]
WINANT
presumably to the note dated September 16, text of which is
3303, September 18, 1 p. m., from Moscow, p, 1294. The
f September 14, however, also assented to the moving of
VQmmission on Reparations to Berlin; see C,F.M. (45) 15, vol. II,
8610, September 28,7 p. m., to London, p.1319.
10342, October 4, 8 p, m., from London, supra.
, October 2, 3 p. m., from London, which stated that the notes
upon; the texts· were transmitted in telegram 10246, October 2,
�.~.
"
Getting T'bugh' with Russia
9
Getting Tough with Russia:
The Reorientation of
.American Policy, 1946.
Byrnes felt that he had achieved much at Moscow. The Russians ac
cepted his plan for a general peace conference and his list of states to be
invited. The compromise arrangement on Rumania and Bulgaria,
though vague, at least committed the Soviet Union on paper to the prin
ciple of self-determination. Stalin agreed to token participation in the oc
cupation of Japan without challenging American control of that enter
prise, and reiterated his recognitipn of Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalist
government in China, a gesture which seemed especially significant just
as General George C. Marshall was embarking on his mission to try to
end the civil war there. Much to Byrnes'ssurprise, the Russians accepted
without significant modification the American plan for a United Nations
Atomic Energy Commission which would begin work on international
control. The foreign ministers failed to reach agreement only on the
question of when the Russians would withdraw their trOOps from north
ern Iran, which they had occupied during the war. Consequently, the
Secretary of State returned to the United States "far happier" with the
," t.; ~ :~:
1
283
results of this meeting than with the outcome of the London Conference
fifteen weeks earlier.l
But though the initial editorial reaCtion to Moscow was generally
friendly, Byrnes quickly found himself under attack from leading Repub
licans and several of his Own colleagues in the Truman Adm"inistration.
Russian behavior over the past year had gradually convinced many
. Washington officials that Stalin had n9 interest in self-determination,
the revival of world trade, or coUectiv'e seruC1ty-:-Of:ilyoy 'negotiitlog
witil-theSOvlet""tJiUorilroma'posidon-"ofstrength, they felt, could the
United States obtain the kind of peace settlement it wanted. Byrnes's re
fu~al to compromise at london had pleased American advocates of a
tough line, but they worried that at 'Moscow he had made concessions.
which the Russians could only interpret as 'a sign ·of weakness. Why,
they asked, should the United States, sole possessor of the atomic bomb,
continue to appease Moscow? 2
This divergence over policy developed because of poor communication ..
between the-'Stare'Oepactffient; ihe-Wh'ite -ROuse, -theCapIiOlH!ft:
Byr':'es, overcoiifident-orfilsa'billiies-isa"negofiatoi;n:aa-switcnea
abrupdy to more conciliatory taCtics after the failure of the london Con
ference without giving congressional leaders or the President a: dear idea
. of his intentions. Up to this point Truman, preoccupied with domestic
problems, had allowed his secretary of state a free hand. But dissatisfac
tion with Byrnes's performance at Moscow forced the President to reas
sert his authority in the field of foreign affairs. Simultaneously, Republi
can leaders made it dear that any further compromises with the Soviet
Union would cause them to launch a public attack on Administration
policy. Byrnes, slowly realizing how far he had strayed from the prevail
ing mood in Washington, moved early in 1946 to repair his relations
with the White House, Congress, and leading Republicans by reverting
to a firmer position in his dealings with the Russians.
Confusion over Soviet intentions also contributed to the Truman Ad
~-
-.-- ...- . - - - . -
.
-,~.~~-".-----.-.-,-.-.----._
~
.... _"~
•.• _. __ .~~"..
'.,4'-
_~_
.•.. ~ .... __ , _
Byenes, Speaking Frankly, pp. 121-22. See also the Washington Post, December
26 and 28, 1945; and the Davies Diary,January 4: 1946, Davies MSS, Box 22.
2 Newsweek, XXVII (January 7, 1946), 29; Time, XLVII (January 7, 1946),
19-20; DavieS Diary, December 31, 1945, Davies MSS, Box 22. See also Byenes, All
in One Lifetime, p. 317; and the Department of State, .. Fortnighdy Survey of Ameri·
Opinion," No. 42, January 8, 1946.
I
can
�_-!!!!11111!11----------,-,,.--
Getting Tough with Russia
---------.-
Getting Tough with Russia
285
284
ministration's vacillating fureign policy. Without a convincing explana
tion
the motives--underlying--aussian beh~:;ior, Washingto:~:;officials
found it liffirult 'to'decide'upona~consTsrentplan oCacclon.:Q1
feaders w ere'chieflY~-lntereiteo -in'guarariteeliig-SOvlet-serurity, opportuni
ties still existed to resolve outstanding disputes. Truman had been oper
ating on this assumption when he met Stalin at Potsdam, and Byrnes ap
parently adhered to it as late as December, 194)~ in his talks with the
Russians at MoscoW. But other American officials were coming to feel
that they had misjudged die Kremtlo's-policy':-SOviei--actions iii Eastern
Eut:~peTn 'f945:i:ogeth-ei-widlche-change-lri-ciCtlcsoy rfieiorernatio-nal
c~nuiiunist movement, cOnVlncedtfienithacI\roscow-naa-emoirkedOQa
_~.---_. ___ ~~i· ~
rogram-of'unlimifea -exparisio·n-whidfthreateiied·theverV:.:--·...;;-.;;;~l-=-orP
tne-=Qiiite<[Sfites'-and.it"S-Westernallies.Kserles·of·alarming'ae:v-elop
)(:
_.__._.__ ..'_"" ,.C-'-';~;- ., c:'.,'" -,-,. '",0: """.~,,,,."~~ '-,,",co,""""" ..,'
ments in February, 1946, lent credence to this view, as did a persuasive
analysis of the relationship between ideology and Soviet diplomacy by
George F. Kennan, the American charge d'affaires in Moscow.
The convergence of these external and internal trends in late Febru
ary ;nd early March:'i 946, produce(f a--fij-iidiinenta:t reorient-a.-cion of
(Jnited-States policy toward the-SOvIet-UnIon. Up- to-Chis-tune-tlle--Tru
man Admi~isttation~desplte"occaslonaCoUtbursts of angry rhetoric, was
still trying to resolve differences with Moscow through negotiation and
compromise. In March, 1946, however, Administration officials, began
bringing their dlplomacyTn"roTine wii:h-theii" ~heto~i~: F~o~'"ihis-'tiineoii
A mer iciii-ponC};=rii'-akers~egai'de(rthe'SOviet'lJ [;ion not'as'-an"'estranged"
Kiemilo
:¥
!11i'~i~!~,..a_~t~~tl~Ce~e~y.;"·~~~~~~i~~Li_~teres~~··co~id-Il.o[ ~b.;-r~cog~"~
nized without endangering those of the United States. Truman and his
advisers continued diplomatic' contacts' with'th~ R~s~ians, but they firmly
resolved to offer no _!'1.~!!.~~.~~~cessic:>.:t.~()_f t~t:.~"i~~}~Y!.~~~_~~~l!':a._<!c:.!t
Mosco~.. The Secretary of State himself accurately described the new
policy as one of "Eatie~W!~!l.Jit:~J!~~SH; 4in time it wo~!.d,£()'!le to be
known..by..._ _.~'__._ pieCisebiifmoie'o-riiiiious ~_·--..
term=·"'containment."
~ ___ .~ _ a less. .. _._~"'.. ~_.._w ,.,~.~w, _.~
....
. ... ~
•••
3
___·"' _____·_ _
- - . - . -.•
••- - - - - .
On this point, see Joseph and Stewart Alsop, "We Have No Russian Policy,"
Washinglo n POIt, January 4, 1946.
4. Curry, Byrnes, p. 210.
I
Truman's dissatisfaction with Byrnes's conduct of foreign policy had
been growing for several months. Part of the difficulty was personal. Ac
cording to one observer, Byrnes resented having been denied the Demo
cratic vice-presidential nomination in 1944, and felt himself better qual
ified to occupy the White House than Truman. The President himself
later acknowledged that he had chosen Byrnes to be secretary of state
partly out ofa sense of guilt over the 1944 episode. Whatever the reason
for his appointment, Byrnes had dearly intended to be a strong secretary
of state. As mobilizati9n and reconversion director under Roosevelt, he
had enjoyed virtually complete autonomy in organizing the wartime
economy. This exceptional delegation of power, Truman believed, caused
Byrnes to think that as secretary of state he could have a free hand in
running foreign policy."
During his first months in office, the Secretary of State showed an al
most ostentatious desire to act as an independent agent, At the London
Conference of Foreign Ministers, he refused to report back to the State
Department. "Hell," he told the secretary of the American delegation, HI
may tell the President sometime what happened; but I'm never going to
tell the State Department about it." At the Moscow Conference in De
cember, Byrnes remarked to Ambassador Harriman that he did not in·
tend to send daily reports to Washington: "I don't trust the White
House. It leaks. And I don't want any of this coming out in the papers
until I get home." Byrnes did send Truman one direct dispatch from
Moscow describing the progress of the meeting, but it gave the President
little information he did not already have from the newspapers. Truman
considered this an inadequate account from a cabinet member to the
'Chief Executive: "It was more like one panner in business telling the
other that his busiriess tdp was progressing well and not to worry." 6
S Daniels, Man 01 Independence, p, 308; Truman, Year 01 Decisions, pp. 546-47.
See also Acheson, Presenl al she Creation, pp. 136-37.
6 Interview with Theodore C. Achilles, Dulles Onil History Project; Cabeli Phillips
, interview with Harriman, quoted in Phillips, The Truman Presidency, p. 148; Byrnes
to Truman, December 24, 1945, FR: 1945, II, 760; Truman, Year 01 Decisions, p_
�286
Getting Tough with Russia
Byrnes's reputation as a compromiser also caused alarm among Ad
ministration advisers. Senator Tom Connally viewed his appointment as
secretary of state with considerable skepticism because he felt that the
South Carolinian was "devoted to expediency." 'The publisher of the
Army-Navy Journal warned Truman's press secretary in December that
Byrnes, overly anxious to reach agreements with the Russians, might
make concessions of which the American people would nOt approve.
Harriman developed strong doubts about Byrnes after the London Con
ference, and resolved never to accept another diplomatic post under him.
Kennan, Harriman's counselor in the Soviet Union, observed Byrnes
closely at Moscow and concluded that he had no fixed objectives: "His
main purpose is to achieve some SOrt of an agreement, he doesn't much
care what. The realities behind this agreement, since they concern only
such people as Koreans, Rumanians, and .Iranians, about whom he
knows nothing, do not concern him. He wants an agreement for its po
litical effect at home." WheQ the Moscow decisions were announced, the
United States mission staff in Rumania regarded them as a "sell-out,"
and for a time considered resigning en masse. The American ambassador
in Italy, Alexander Kirk, told C. L. Sulzberger in the spring of 1946
that Byrnes was "awful" and had "given far too much away to the
Russians." 7
"
Admiral William D. Leahy, the crusty Chief of Staff to the Com
mander in Chief, criticized Byrnes with particular vehemence. One of
the first of Truman's advisers ,to advocate a tough policy toward the So
viet Union, Leahy by the end of 1945 had come to regard almost any
one who would consider agreement with the Russians as an appeaser.
Byrnes's efforts to settle the Chinese civil war by encouraging Chiang
Kai-shek to bring communists into his government caused Leahy to
wonder, in the privacy of his diary, whether the Secretary of State might
not be under·the influence of "communist" elements in the State Depart
549. On Byrnes's administrative methods, see also Acheson, Presenl al Ihe Crealion, p.
163; The Journals 0/ David E. Lilienthal, II, 159; and Feis, COnlest over Japan, pp.
124-26.
7 Connally and Steinberg, My Name Is Tom Connally, p. 289; John C. O'Laughlin
to Charles G. Ross, December 18, 1945, Truman MSS, OF 386; Kennan [)iary, De'
cember 19, 1945, quoted in Kennan, Memo;rs, pp. 287-88. See also the Sulzberger
Diary, January 24,26, April 22, 1946, quoted in Sulzberger, A Long Row a/Candles,
pp. 292-93, 311.
Getting Tough with Russia
, 287
ment. The Moscow agreement seemed to confirm his suspicions: both
the State Department and the new Labor government in Britain, he
wrote, were bowing before Russian demands in, a manner resembling
what Chamberlain had done at Munich.s
Truman himself had expressed concern over his secretary of state's at
titude shortly before Byrnes left for Moscow. He was fond of Byrnes, the
President told Joseph E. Davies, a mutual friend, but Byrt:es was a "con
niver." Truman expected to have to do some "conniving" himself "to get
the boat steady." Davies attributed Truman's displeasure with Byrnes
partly to the Secretary of State's carelessness about keeping the President
informed, pardy to' indications that "someone had beenneedIing him
against Byrnes." At Truman's request, Davies saw Byrnes on December
11, but apparently failed to convey to the Secretary a full expression of
the President's mood. 9
Byrnes's decision to release ~he Moscow Conference communique be
fore consulting t~e White House further irritated Truman, who awaited
the Secretary's return ftom the Soviet Union in an angry mood. Upon
landing in Washington onDecember 29, 1945, Byrnes instructed the
State Department· to arrange for a radio report to the nation. At the
same time he asked the White House for an appointment with the Presi
dent. Truman replied pointedly through his press secretary that Byrnes
should see the Chief Executive before reporting to the nation. Accord
ingly, Byrnes met Truman that evening on the presidential yacht Wil
liamsburg. Recollections differ as to precisely what took place. Truman
recalled that he took Byrnes into a stateroom and complained about the
Secretary's inadequaterepoiting of developments in Moscow. "I said it
was shocking th~t a communique should be issued in Washington an
nouncing a foreign-policy development of major importance that I had
never heard of. I said I would not tolerate a repetition of such conduct."
Byrnes himself, however, remembered receiving criticism only from
Admiral Leahy, .not Truman. George Allen, director of the Reconstruc
8 Curry, Byrnes, p. 342; Leahy Diary, November 28, December II, 26, 28, 1945,
January I, 1946, Leahy MSS. There is some evidence that Leahy deliberately leaked
information critical of Byrnes to cerrain favored newspaper columnists. See the Davies
Journal, January 28, February 5, 1946, Davies MSS; and Tristam Coffin, Missour;
Comprom;se~ pp. 40-41.
9 Davies Journal, December 8 and I I, 1945, Davies MSS, Box 22. See a1so'Mur
.
phy, Diplomat among Warriors, pp. 300-1.
�--~--~--.
288'
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._--------
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I
Getting Tough with Russia
Getting Tough with Russia
tion Finance Corporation, was present on board the Williamsburg and
recalled no evident bitterness between Truman and Byrnes. Allen did re
ceive the clear impression, however, that Truman had decided "to put an
end to the holdover policy of Russian appeasement." Another guest on
the W ~lliamsburg, Clark Cliffonl, remembered' no particular hostility be
tween the President and the Secretary of State but noted that "all
through dinner Leahy, in a really effective and gentle manner to which
Byrnes could not take exception, had the needle in him." Leahy himself
recorded in his diary that he asked Byrnes repeatedly what benefits the
United States got out of the Moscow agreement, but that Byrnes had
been unable to tell him. Truman had shown great dissatisfaction with
Byrnes before his arrival on the yacht, Leahy observed, .but the Secretary
of State had apparently managed for the time being to soothe the Chief
.
Executive. 10
Whatever Truman told Byrnes on board the W#tiamsburg, there is
no doubt that the President disliked the Moscow agreement. As he went
over the conference documents Byrnes had left with him, Truman later
wrote, "it became abundantly clear to me that the successes of the Mos
cow conference were unreal." The President particularly objected to
Byrnes's failure to secure concessions from the Russians on the interna
tional control of atomic energy and on the withdrawal of Russian trOOpS
from Iran. Truman brooded over these developments for a week, and
then on January 5, 1946, called Byrnes to the White House for a repri
mand. Reading,from a.memorandum written out in longhand, Truman
told the Secretary of State that although he would like to delegate as
much authority as possible to cabinet members, he did not intend to ab
dicate his right as President to make final decisions. For this reason, it
was vital for Byrnes to keep the President constantly informed as to the
course of diplomatic negotiations.
. The President then launched into a violent attack on Russian policy.
He had only that morning read the Ethridge report on conditions in Ru
mania and Bulgaria, and was determined not to recognize these twO
governments until their composition had been radically changed. He
called for a vigorous American protest against Russian actions in Iran,
10 Byrnes, All in One Lifelime; pp. 342-43; Truman, Yea,. 0/ Decisions, p. 550;
Jonathan Daniels interviews with George Allen and Clark Clifford, cited in Daniels,
Man a/Independence, pp. 309-11; Leahy Diary, December 29, 1945, Leahy MSS. See
also Acheson, p,.esenl al the C,.elliioni p. 136. For the Moscow Conference commu
nique, see the Depa,.,menl O/SIIIIIIi!"Jlelin, XlU (December 30,1945),1027-32.
289
which were "an outrage if I ever saw one." He charged that the Rus
sians intended to invade Turkey and seize the Black Sea Straits. Truman
did not think the United States should "play" at compromise any longer:
"Unless Russia is faced with an iron fist and strong language another
war is in the making. Only one language do they understand-'how
many divisions have you?' . . . I'm tired of babying the Soviets." 11
Truman's outburst at Byrnes stemmed from more than bruised pride
over the Secretary's failure to consult him. It indicated dearly the Presi
dent's growing determination to put into effect a firmer policy toward
the Soviet Union. An arrangement whereby the Russians would convey
the appearance of self-determination within their sphere of influence had
seemed acceptable enough in Poland in May of 1945, but by December,
when Byrnes agreed to similar compromises in Rumania. and Bulgaria,
public truSt in Russian intentions had badly eroded. Opinion polls
showed that at the time of Japan's surrender, 54 percent of a national
sample had been willing to trust the Russians to cooperate with the
United States in the postwar world. Two months later, following the
failure of the London Conference, this figure had dropped to 44 percent.
By the end of February, 1946, it would stand at 35 percent.12
For a man of his long experience in domestic affairs, Byrnes seemed
oddly unaware of this progressive deterioration of faith in the good in
tentions of the Soviet Union. The praise he W9n for his firm stand at
London apparently.surprised him, as did the criticism he incurred for his
compromises at Moscow. 13 Truman, however, fully realized the impor
tance of this gradual shift in opinion, especially in view of increasingly
ominous indications that Republicans might try to capitalize on it in the
1946 congressional elections. The wartime policy of conceding whatever
II Truman memorandum for .conversation with Byrnes, January 5, 1946, Truman,
Ye4,. 0/ Decisions; pp. 551.:.52. Byrnes denied ever having tead or listened to this
memorandum. Ci1!orge Curry, Byrnes's biographer. suggests that Truman did not ac
tually read the memorandum to 'Byrnes, but sought to express his concern' in a less
forceful manner. Byrnes himself did not take it as a reprimand, and claims that if he
had read the document he would have resigned on the spot. (Curry. Bymes, pp.
189-90.)
j
I
12 American Institute of Public Opinion polls of August 8, OCtober 17, 1945, and
February 27. 1946. cited in Cantril and Strunk, eds .• Public Opinion, p. 371. In each
of rhese national samples, between 13 and 16 percent of those polled were undecided
as to whether Russian cooperation could be expected.
13 Byrnes, All in One Li/etime, p. 317; memorandum of a Conversation between
Byrnes and Ci1!orges Bidault, May 1, 1946, FR: 1946, 11.204.
J'
�,
.. ,
~"f
Getting Tough with Russia
290
was necessary to reach agreement with the Russians was no longer polit
ically feasible; the President made it clear that the Secretary of State
would have to accustom himself to a less conciliatory apptoach.
n
Between September of 1945 and March of 1946 Republican criticism of
Administration diplomacy reached its greatest intensity since before
Pearl Harbor. The bipartisan foreign policy which Roosevelt and Hull
had so painstakingly constructed now seemed to be falling apart. Secre
tary of State Byrnes; who strongly supported bipartisanship, found him
self under increasingly violent attack from prominent Republicans who
had grown disenchanted with his Russian policy. Byrnes eventually suc
ceeded in placating these Republican critics, just as he placated Truman
and his other critics within the Administration. To do this, however, the
Secretary had to repress his strong inclination to deal with the Kremlin
in the same way that he had dealt with the United States Congress
by practicing the politics of compromise.
Initial indications of G.O.P. dissatisfaction came in October, 1945,
when James Reston reported that "leading members of the Republican
Party" resented Byrnes's failure to ask their advice berore formulating
diplomatic policy. Reston's story left little doubt that one of the party
leaders to whom he referred was John Foster Dulles, the unofficial Re
publican spokesman on foreign affairs. In an effort to bolster bipartisan
ship, Byrnes had invited Dulles to serve on the American delegation to
the London Foreign Ministers' Conference. The Secretary of State .sought
no suggestions in advance of the meeting, however, leading Dulles to
conclude that his only function had been to place a Republican stamp of
approval on policies already decided upon by the Administration. Dulles
also objected to Byrnes's penchant ror compromise and, according to the
testimony of at least two observers, threatened to lead the Republican
Parry in a public attack on the Secretary of State if he yielded to Soviet
demands. 14
14 New
Theodore
Of' Peace,
said that
YOf'.e Times, October 9, 1945; interviews with Carl W. McCardle and
C.Achilles, Dulles Oral History Pro.ject. See also. Jo.hn Fo.ster Dulles, Wa,
pp. 29-30. In a co.nversatio.n with Sceccinius o.n Octo.ber I, 1945, Dulles
he was "discouraged an~ unhappy" about the way che fo.reign ministers'
Getting Tough with RUJSia
291
During the following months prominent G.O.P, leaders criticized Ad
ministration policy with increasing frequency. The Republican members
of Congress issued a statement.on December 5, 1945, caJling for greater
efforts to fulfill wartime pledges to small nations. Governor Dwight
Green of Illinois told the Republican National Committee that the
parry should not hesitate to protest the "shameful betrayal of Poland."
Senator Homer Capehart of Indiana grumbled that Byrnes's concessions
at Moscow reminded him "of Chamberlain and his umbrella appease
ment of Hider." In January, 1946, House Minority Leader Joseph W.
Martin proclaimed Republican opposition to "any betrayal of the small
nations of the world in the making of the peace." 15
The views of Senator Arthur H. Vandenburg of Michigan would,
more than those of any other individual, determine the Republican posi
tion on policy toward the Soviet Union. Early in 1945 Vandenburg had
strongly criticized the Yalta accords on Eastern Europe,' but after Presi
dent Roosevelt sent him to the San Francisco Conference, he formed a
close working relationship with Secretary of State Stettinius and played
a vital role in rallying Senate support for the United .Nations Charter.
Truman's decision to replace Stettinius with Byrnes threatened to undo
the Administration's dose ties with Vandenburg. The Michigan senator
distrusted Byrnes because "his whole life has been a career of compro
mise." The South Carolinian had gained his great inRuence in the Senate
and later with Roosevelt through his ability to conciliate, but Vanden
berg's experience at San Francisco had taught him that the only way to
deal with the Russians was to be firm and unyielding. Accordingly, as
Arthur H. Vandenberg, Jr., observed, "the very quality for which Byrnes
had been best known in the Senate was the one that Vandenberg feared
might be Byrnc;"s's undoing in the international political field." 16
meetin8 had go.ne. While he expressed no. direct criticism o.f Byrnes, Dulles did say
chat the Secretary of State was "extremely nervo.us, . . . cired OUt and exhausted, and
facing this failure o.f his first missio.n on his o.wn was getting under his skin." Dulles
then praised the "nerve and guts" Stettinius had sho.wn at San Francisco by risking a
breakup o.f the conference rather than give in to Russian demands, and ,said that he
was still telling all the Republicans about it. (Scettinius calendar no.tes, October I,
1945, Srettinius MSS, Bo.x 247.)
tr. New Y Of'.e Times, December 6, 1945; Newsweek. XXVI (December 17, 1945),
36; Washing/on POJl, December 29, 1945; New Republic. CXIV (February II,
1946), 172:
16 Vandenberg [0. Mrs. Vandenberg,undated, Vandenberg, ed., P,ivate Papers, p.
225; ibid., p. 243.
�------.-------------------
292
Getting Tough with Russia·
Vandenberg also distrusted Byrnc!s because the new Secretary of State
refused to ask his advice on foreign policy. Dean Acheson, who under
stood the Michigan senator well, observed that one could get Vanden
berg to agree to almost anything provided only that one patiently con
sulted with him in advance. Byrnes's reluctance to perform this civility
got him linto as much trouble with Vandenberg as it did with Truman.
The Secretary of State chose Dulles instead of Vandenberg to represent
the Republican Party at London. Even worse, he repeatedly failed to
seek the counsel of Vandenberg and other senatOrs while formulating
policy on the international control of atomic energy, a matter about
which Vandenberg felt strongly. Consequently, the Michigan senator
began the year 1946, in the words of his son and confidant, "with deep
reservations. . . regarding the consistency and clear-sighted self-interest
of our policy as practiced by Byrnes." 17·.
In December of 1945, Truman asked both Vandenberg and Dulles to
represent the Republican Party at the first meeting of the United Na
tions General Assembly, which was to ~ake place in London the follow
ing month. Vandenberg wrote. to Dulles that he did not want to go to
London, but, he conceded, "it may be my duty to go along." Dubious
about his ability to work with Byrnes, the Michigan senator reserved his
right to resign from the delegation if he disagreed with the Administra
tion's proposals on the international control of atomic energy. Privately
he let it be known that he would come home sooner than anyone ex
pected "if at London I collide with a Truman-Byrnes appeasement policy
which I cannot stomach." 18 Vandenberg did come close to resigning when he read the agreement
on international control which Byrnes had made at Moscow. He ex
plained to Senator Brien McMahon, a fellow member of the Senate
Atomic Energy Committee:
It listed foU,. stages ror the work of the UNO COmmission:....... disdosures··
FIRST and total "security" LAST. Then it said that "the work of the Com
17 Dean Acheson, Sketches from Life of Men I have Known. pp. 126-27; Vanden
berg, ed., Private Papers, p. 237. Byrnes has said that he selected Dulles to go to Lon
don instead of Vandenberg because Dulles "had not been active in partisan politics."
(Interview with James F. Byrnes, Dulles Oral History Project.j For Vandenberg's criti
cisms of Byrnes's policy on the international control of atomic energy, see chapter 8.
18 Vandenberg to Dulles, December. 19. 1945, and Truman. December 21, 1945.
Vandenberg, ed., Pr,vate Papers, pp. 230, 232; Vandenberg to John W. Blodgett, De·
- cember 24, 1945, Vandenberg MSS.
r
!
I
Getting Tough with Russia
293
mission should proceed by separate stages~' and that each "stage" should be
completed before the next is undertaken. It seemed to me that this could be
read in no odler way than that the precise thing is to happen against which
both ou,. COmmirree and the Foreign Relations .COmmirtee is so earnestly op
posed. I felt that I had no right to go to London, as a Senate spokesman,
under any such instructions to promote any such objectives.
.
To another friend, Vandenberg described the Moscow communique as
"one more typical American ~give away' on this subject.': The senator
communicated his displeasure to Acting Secretary of State Acheson, who
quickly set up an appointment with the President on December 28. 19
Truman and Acheson assured Vandenberg that the Moscow statement
meant that adequate security arrangements would accompany each stage
in the establishme~t of international COntrol. With Truman's approval,
Vandenberg issued a public statement making this point clear. These re
assurances made it possible for the Michigan senator ro accompany the
American delegation to London: "Indeed," he wrote Senator McMahon,
"the circumstances now probably demand that I go." Since a literal rea~-
ing of the Moscow communique would not include Truman's qualifica
tions, it was -vital, in Vandenberg's view,· that this document not be
made the basis of the proposal to be presented to the General Assem
bly.2o
At London, both Vandenberg and Dulles worried over the Secretary
of State's apparent willingness to conciliate the Russians and exerted
pressure on him to take harder positions. Vandenberg told Newsweek
correspondent Edward Weintal: "Thank heavens that Jimmy Byrnes
hates disagreements, because I don't know where I would be if he de
cided to continue this fight." Newsweek later reported Vandenberg's fear
that the Secretary of State "might be tempted to yield on vital issues for
harmony's sake." Eleanor Roosevelt, another American representative at
London, wrote privately that "Secy. Byrnes is afraid of his own delega
tion." Byrnes returned from London deeply apprehensive about the fu
ture of bipartisanship. Dulles, he charged, had leaked to reporters the
fact that there had been disagreement among the United States dele
gates. Vandenberg was upset over accusations from fellow Republicans
19Vandenberg to McMahon, January 2, 1946, and C. E. Hutchinson, December 29,
.
1945, Vandenberg MSS.
20 New York Times, December 29, 1945; Leahy Diary, December 28, 1945, Leahy
MSS; Vandenberg to McMahon, January 2, 1946, Vandenberg MSS.
�."f
..,
.
294
.
I
I
Getting Tough with Russia
!
. that he had become an "appeaser" by working with Byrnes, and was also
looking for a way Out of bipartisan cooperation. "The fact had' to be
faced," the Secretary of State told his colleagues in the cabinet, "that
Vandenberg's-and for that matter Dulles's-activities from now
on could be viewed as being conducted on a political and partisan
basis." 21
.
Public statements which Dulles and Vandenberg made on their return
from London gave Byrnes ample cause for concern. While Vandenberg
expressed optimism regarding the new world organization'S prospectS, he
criticized the timidity of American policy:
The United States must not be a silent partner in this cooperative enterprise.
It is our right and it is our duty to speak in these councils just as firmly and
just as earnestly for ideals of justice and the fundamentals of freedom as it is
for others in the UNO to assert their viewpoints. I hope to see the Govern.
ment of the United States more firmly assert its moral leadership in these reo
spects.
Stettinius later explained to Cordell Hull that "Van is pretty sore on not
. being taken into camp a little bit more, not only in London but in
Washington too. He and Jimmy [Byrnes] are not getting on at all well.
. . . V an .... . says collaboration at the present time is just being told
about it the night before it goes into the newspaper." Dulles, in speeches
at Princeton University and before the Foreign Policy Association in
New York, complained that the Administration had chosen its delega
tion at the last minute and had given it no meaningful tasks to perfOrm.
Future delegations should be allowed time to develop policies which
would be "realistic and significant and expressive of the righteous faith
of the best of America." Newsweek reported late in. February .that both
Vandenberg and Dulles were angry at Byrnes and might refuse to serve
on any more delegations with him.22
James Reston, who had called attention to Republican discontent
with Administration foreign policy in the fall of 1945, found it even
21 Interview with Edward Weintal, Dulles Oral History Projecr; Newsweek, XXVII
(January 21, 1946),39-40; Eleanor Roosevelt to Bernard Baruch, January 16, 1946,
Baruch MSS, "Selected Correspondence"; Forrestal Diary, January 29, 1946, Millis,
ed., The Forrest",/ Ditlries, p. 132. See also the Steuinius calendar notes, January 7,
1946, Stettinius MSS, Box 247.
..
.
'l.'l.New York Times, February 17,23, March 2, 1946; Steuinius calendar notes,
March I, 1946, Stettinius MSS, Box 247; Newsweek, XXVII (March II, 1946), 19.
I
,
!
!
i
! '
Getting Tough with Russia
295
greater after the London United Nations meeting. Republicans objected,
he noted, to Administration insistence that members of the American
delegation carry out State Department policies, even though they had
not been consulted on them in advance. But G.O.P. dissatisfaction grew
out of substantive as well as procedural considerations: "Republicans
seem to favor a bolder and what they believe would be a much more
forthright policy of leadership in world affairs than the Administration
is now following." The 1946 congressional elections were approaching.
Republican leaders, scenting victory, had no desire to associate them
selves with a policy of "appeasement" which might huri: them at the
pol1S. 23
,Republican criticism reached a Climax on February 27, 1946, when
Vandenberg rose on the fl(4)r of the Senate to express his feelings.
"What is Russia up to now?" he demanded:
We ask it in Manchuria. We ask it in Eastern Europe and the Dardanelles.
: ; . We ask it in the Baltic and the Balkans. We ask it in Poland.... We
ask it in Japan. We ask itsomerimes even in connection with events in our
' own United States. What is Russia up to now?
Vandenberg asserted that two rival ideologies, dell)ocracy and commu
nism, now found themselves face to fa~e. They could live together in
harmony, but only
,
if Jhe United States speaks as plainly upon all occasions as Russia does; if
the United States just as vigorously sustains its own purposes and its ideals
upon all occasions as Russia does; if we abandon this miserable fiCtion, often
encouraged by our own fellow-travellers, that we somehow jeopardize the
peace if our candor is as firm as Russia's always is; and if we assume a moral
leadership which we have too frequendy allowed to lapse.
The United States should draw a line, Vandenberg prod~med, beyond
which it would not compromise. Then it should make dear, through
plain speaking, precisely where that line lay. "Where is. right? Where is
justice? There let America take her stand."
The Michigan senator praised the "sterling services~' at London of his
Democratic counterpart, senator Connally, the "distinguished" conduct
of the new American ambassador to the United Nations,Stettinius, the
"sturdy" manner of British Foreign Secretary Bevin, the "able" perfurm
23
New York Times, February 26. 1946.
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Getting Tough with Russia
ance of French Foreign Minister Georges Bidault, and even the "bril
liant" Soviet representative, Andrei Vishinsky, "one of the ablest states
men I have ever seen in action." But he pointedly avoided any praise for
Secretary of State Byrnes, an' example, Arthur Krock noted, of
"derogation by omission." When Vandenberg finished speaking, the Sen
ate and the galleries stood and applauded, while a large group of col
leagues lined up to shake his hand. 24
Vandenberg's speech dearly served notice on the Truman Administra
tion that if it continued the conciliatory policy which Byrnes had
employed at Moscow and at the General Assembly meeting in London,
it could not expect further support from the Republican Parcy, The pros
pect of congressional elections less than seven months away made this
threat seem particularly ominous. What Vandenberg and his fellow Re
publicans did not know, however, was that the President and his advis
ers had alteady decided ro implement the hard line which the G.O.P.
had called for. An important new analysis of the influence of ideology
on Soviet behavior had given Administration officials the rationale they
needed for a "get rough with Russia" policy. At the moment Vanden
berg was speaking, State Department speechwriters were placing the fin
ishing touches on the first public statement of the Administration's new
position.
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DOCUMENT NO.
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notes
DATE
SUBJECTmTLE
06/3012000
re: Helen (partial) (1 page)
RESTRICTIO'"
P6!b(6), b(7)(C), b(7)(F)
This marker identifies the original location of the withdrawn item listed above.
For a complete list of items withdrawn from this' folder, see the
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet at the front of the folder.
COLLECTION:
Clinton Presidential Records
Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets in the U.S,
Art & Cultural Property Theft
OA/Box Number:
40419
FOLDER TITLE:
,
[Skwirot, Robert - Financial Assets Team Note~
jp84
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act -144 U.S.c. 2204(a)1
Freedom of Informadon Act -15 U.S.c. 552(b)1
PI "'ational Security Classified Information (a)(I) of the PRA]
P2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office l(a)(2) of the PRAI
P3 Release would violate a Federal statute l(a)(3) of the PRA)
P4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
financial information l(a)(4) of the PRAj
P5 Release would disclose confidential advise between the President
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an agency (b)(2) of the FOIAI
b(3) Release would violate a Federal statute (b)(3) of the FOIAI
b(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
information (b)(4) of the FOIA)
b(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy (b)(6) of the FOtAJ
b(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes J(b)(7) of the FOIAI
b(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA)
b(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA1
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DOCUMENT NO.
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002. notes
SUBJECTrrlTLE
DATE
RESTRICTION
re: Helen (partial) (1 page)
07/0612000
P61b(6), b(7)(C), b(7)(F)
This marker identifies 'the original location of the withdrawn item listed above.
For a complete list of items withdrawn from this folder, see the
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COLLECTION:
Clinton Presidential Records
Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets in the U.S.
Art & Cultural Property Theft
OA/Box Number: 40419
FOLDER TITLE:
[Skwirot, Robert Financial Assets Team Note'!]
ip84
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act -144 U.S.c. 2204(a)]
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b(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
financial institutions l(b)(8) of the FOIAI
b(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
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Dublin Core
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Title
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Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets
Description
An account of the resource
<p>The Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets in the United States, formed in 1998, was charged with investigating what happened to the assets of victims of the Holocaust that ended up in the possession of the United States Federal government. The final report of the Commission, <a href="http://govinfo.library.unt.edu/pcha/PlunderRestitution.html/html/Home_Contents.html"> “Plunder and Restitution: Findings and Recommendations of the Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets in the United States and Staff Report"</a> was submitted to President Clinton in December 2000.</p>
<p>Chairman - Edgar Bronfman<br /> Executive Director - Kenneth Klothen</p>
<p>The collection consists of 19 series. The first fifteen series of the collection are composed mostly of photocopied federal records. These records were reproduced at the National Archives and Records Administration by commission members for their research. The records relate to Holocaust assets created between the mid 1930’s and early 1950’s by a variety of U. S. Government agencies and foreign sources.</p>
<p>Subseries:<br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Art+and+Cultural+Property+">Art and Cultural Property</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Gold+">Gold</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Gold+Team+Review+Form+Binders+">Gold Team Review Form Binders</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Art+and+Cultural+Property+and+%E2%80%9COthers%E2%80%9D+Review+Form+Binders">Art and Cultural Property and “Others” Review Form Binders</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Non-Gold+Financial+Assets+Review+Form+Binders">Non-Gold Financial Assets Review Form Binders</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=History+Associates+Binder+">History Associates Binder</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Non-Gold+Financial+Assets+Review+Form+Binders+%282%29">Non-Gold Financial Assets Review Form Binders (2)</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Financial+Assets+Documents">Financial Assets Documents</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=RG+84%2C+Foreign+Service+Posts+of+the+State+Department%E2%80%94Turkey">RG 84, Foreign Service Posts of the State Department—Turkey</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Financial+Assets+Documents">Financial Assets Documents</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?search=&advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=%5BJewish+Restitution+Successor+Organization+%28JRSO%29%2C+Oral+Histories%5D&range=&collection=20&type=&user=&tags=&public=&featured=&exhibit=&submit_search=Search+for+items">[Jewish Restitution Successor Organization (JRSO), Oral Histories]</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=PCHA+Secondary+Sources">PCHA Secondary Sources</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Researcher+Notes">Researcher Notes</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Unnumbered+Documents+from+Archives+II+and+Various+Notes">Unnumbered Documents from Archives II and Various Notes</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=RG+260%2C+Finance+Inventory+Forms">RG 260, Finance Inventory Forms</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reparations">Reparations</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Chase+National+Bank">Chase National Bank</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Administrative+Files">Administrative Files</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Art+%26+Cultural+Property+Theft">Art & Cultural Property Theft</a></p>
<p>Topics covered by these records include the recovery of confiscated art and cultural property; the reparation of gold and other financial assets; and the investigation of events surrounding capture of the Hungarian Gold Train at the close of World War II. These files contain memoranda, correspondence, inventories, reports, and secondary source material related to the final disposition of art and cultural property, gold, and other financial assets confiscated during the Holocaust.</p>
<p>For more information concerning this collection consult the<a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/show/35992"> finding aid</a>.</p>
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
<a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/show/35992" target="_blank">Collection Finding Aid</a>
<a href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/1040718" target="_blank">National Archives Catalog Description</a>
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
2954 folders
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Skwirot, Robert - Financial Assets Team Notes]
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets in the United States
Art & Cultural Property Theft
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Box 213
<a href="http://clintonlibrary.gov/assets/Documents/Finding-Aids/Systematic/Holocaust-Assets.pdf" target="_blank">Collection Finding Aid</a>
<a href="http://catalog.archives.gov/description/6997222" target="_blank">National Archives Catalog Description</a>
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Adobe Acrobat Document
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Medium
The material or physical carrier of the resource.
Reproduction-Reference
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
6/24/2013
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
6997222-skwirot-robert-financial-assets-team-notes
6997222