-
https://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/files/original/bce15fc788a277de41b3a599f671cc83.pdf
8be4444fa714e6285fa205d6649875f5
PDF Text
Text
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
Clinton Library
DOCUMENT NO.
AND TYPE
001. list
DATE
SUBJECTfflTLE
RESTRmTlON
I
. 1112911996
re: Activity Report (1 page)
COLLECTION:
Clinton Presidential Records
Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets in the U.S.
Art & Cultural Property Theft
OA/Box Number: 40415
FOLDER TITLE:
[Gold-Related Notes] [12]
jp72
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - 144 U.S.c. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - 15 U.S.C. 552(b)1
National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRAI
Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA]
Release would violate a Federal statute l(a)(3) of the PRA]
Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRAI
P5 Release would disclose confidential advise between the President
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA[
P6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
b(l) National security classified information I(b)(l) of the FOIAI
b(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and p~actices of
an agency [(b)(2) of the FOIAI
I
b(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
b(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential o} financial
information I(b)(4) of the FOIA]
I
b(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of thc FOIA]
b(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
b(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIAI
b(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA[
PI
P2
P3
P4
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed
of gift.
PRM. Personal record misfile defined in Recordance with 44 U.S.C.
2201(3).
RR. Document will be reviewed upon request.
I
I
I
I
�KEY DATES IN THE HISTORY OF THE TRIPARTITE COMMISSION FOR
.
THE RESTITUTION OF MONETARY GOLD
• 14 January 1946 -Paris Agreement on Reparation
• 1 February 1946 -French proposal for tripartite discussions on issues raised bv the
restitution of monetary gold
• April/May 1946 -Tripartite agreement to establish an informal committee of experts
in Brussels to execute Part ill of the Paris Agreement
• 27 SepteD1ber 1946 -Announcement of establishment of Tripartite Commission for
the Restitution of Monetary Gold
'
• NoveD1ber 1946 -TGC adopts definition of monetary gold: 'AIl gold which~ at \the
time of its looting or wrongful removal, was carried as part of the claimant country's
monetary reserve, either in the accounts of the claimant Government itself or in Ithe
accounts of the claimant country's central bank or other monetary authority at home or
abroad.'
• 8 December 1946 -1st meeting ofTGC
• 13 March 1947 - TGC letter and questionnaire sent to signatory governments of the
Paris Agreement on Reparation, inviting them to furnish details of their losses of
monetary gold
• 6 June 1947 -Opening of gold account m the name of the TGC at [he Federal
Reserve Bank, New York
• 17/18 October 1947 -Announcement of interim distribution
• 4 November 1947 -Austria adheres by Protocol to arrangements for the restitution of.
monetary gold
• 16 December 1947 -Icily adheres by Protocol to arrangements for the restitution of
moneB;r:y gold
• May 1948 -Opening of TGC account at the Bank of England
• June-August 1948 -Shipment of Frankfurt gold to Bank of England
• 6 July 1949 -Poland adheres by Protocol to arrangements for the restitution of
monetary gold
.
• 5-10 January 1950 -Tripartite Conference in Brussels on Looted Monetary Gold
Matters
I
• October 1951 -TGC account opened at the Banque de France to receive monetaliY
gold from the British Zone of Germany
• 1 August 1952 -TGC accorded corporate status under Belgian Law.
�!
• June 1958 -:-\11 adjudications signed (except Czechoslovakia) and claimant coumn1es
informed of second distribution
• 1971 -TGC Report
Kingdom- and France
[0
the Governments of the United States of America, United
• August 1976 -Poland receives Danzig gold under supplementary adjudication
• February 1982 -Payment to Czechoslovakia
• Septexnber 1996 -Publication ofFCO report on Nazi Gold (I)
• October 1996 -
Payment to Albania
• May 1997 -Publication of US report on US and Allied Efforts to Recover and Restore
Gold and other Assets Stolen or Hidden by Germany during World War II ('Eizensbt
report'); also of second FCO report on Nazi Gold: Monetary gold, non-monetary g~ld
and the Tripartite Gold Commission
I
• August 1997 -TGC informs claimant countries of amount of gold due to them in final
distribution and suggests they consider placing all or part of their share in a fund for tihe
needy victims of Nazi persecution
• Decexnber 1997 -London Conference on Nazi Gold. Announcemem of
establishment of International Fund for Needy Victims of Nazi Persecution, 'with ope~ng
contributions of £lm from the UK and $4m from the US as the first instalment of a
contribution of $25m.
• , Apri1:July 1998 -Final distribution
• 28 August 1998-Final meeting ofTGC
-. 9 Septexnber 1998 -Formal closure of TGC
,
,
",
,,"
�United States Department of State
Under Secretary of State
for Economic, Business, and
Agricultural Affairs
Washington, D.C. 20520-7512
M E M 0 RAN DUM
TO:
E~ Anthony Wayne
Ruth van Heuven
Randolph Bell'
Bennett Freeman
Judith Barnett
Mary Ann Peters
Judy Liberson
FROM:
Stuart E.
DATE:
July 21, 1997
SUBJECT:
U.S. Contribution to Fund
zenstat
~
As we continue to make'progress on the distribution on
the question of a U.S. contributidn
to the fund we hope to'create has arisen, raised by the
French in the TGC context and by Chairman Leach during his
Banking Committee hearing.
$70 million in TGC gold,
I support the .idea. A U.S. contribution would be based
on the following:
1.
It was the direct action of the U.S. Government in
defining monetary gold by its appearance rather than its
origin and by including gold coins from the Gold Pool that
l~d to the "tainting"
the Gold Pool by victims gold th~t
was identified in our report.
2.
We have already indicated in my written testimony to
the House Banking Committee that Congress did not
appropriate an adequate amount for U.S. survivors seeking
their accounts in U.S. banks after the War.
'~
I was asked, specifically by Chairman Leach at the
hearing on June 25, 1997 about whether we
t the U.S.
should contribute funds in the context 6f U.S. survivors
with heirless accounts.
The testimony which was cleared
said the following:
/
�'
..
,'0'
,.; : ~
~
. ,j
;~
~" ?
.'",.; .
• '. r
'-"::
..
.
~.
','.:
:
-t'
Monetary gold, non-monetary gold and the Tripartite Gold Commission
DEFINITIONS
Monetary
Non-monetary
GOLD IN BRITISH ZONE
) Monetary
TGC
)
Non-monetary
~
MGLaw53
"
':.l
"
-,
.:
NON-MONETARY GOLD
Discovery
Inventory
Protection
Disposal
~
GOLD FOR THE POOL
Monetary
found Germany
3rd countries
neutrals
~ Law 53 gold
�:",
.
~
....
",;
.
Nazi gold: monetary gold, non-monetary gold and the TGC;
information from the British archives
PLAN
1. Introduction
• What happened to gold looted by the Nazis? (sold, hidden, resmelted)
• Allied awareness (cf fIrst History Note)
• Key events and dates: Allied declaration Jan. 1943, Inter-Allied
declaration on gold 1944, Bretton Woods, Potsdam, Allied assumption
of control in Germany, Paris Reparation Conference, June 1946
agreement on aid for non-repatriable refugees, establishment of TGC.
• Key issues:
.
- '.:'i
..
" ...:.
...
"
Definition of monetary and non-monetary gold
Gold in the British Zone of Germany
Tripartite Gold Commission
Gold for the Pool
Non-monetary gold
. .\
.J!~.
• All the key issues are interrelated and interdependent
..',
2. Definitions of monetary and non-monetary gold
unsuccessful attempts pre-Paris
incomplete/unclear defInition at Paris
evolution of defInitions to meet need
TGC definition and its evolution
relative role of TGC and governments
retrospective questioning of definitions
3. Gold in the British Zone of Germany
problems of definition
.
harmonisation with USlFrench
responsibilities within CCG(BE)
practical diffIculties
inventories, storage and disposal
transfer of responsibilities to Germans
transfer of monetary gold to TGC
restitution and transfer of non-monetary gold
14.
.. ".
~.,
.. ~.;.,J':~~:~~~~~~ \
�'.,'.
'
4. Tripartite Gold Commission
origins and establishment
legal status and responsibilities
relationship with governments
problems of definition
programme of work
current positon
5. Gold for the Pool
problems of definition
verification
collection and distribution
tainted title
gold from neutral countries
gold from 'third countries'
Law 53 gold
6. Non-monetary gold
problems of definition
amount
restitution
discovery and inventory
guardianship
disposal
7. Conclusion
• Allied priorities were reparation, restitution where possible and easing
the burden of keeping Germany afloat
• governments and TGC did their best in confusion of immediate post
war situation
• evolving situation led to evolving definitions of monetary gold which
produced confusion
,
• most of gold found in Germany was in US Zone, anq British record~
provide little information. However, British records show CCG(BE) .
as scrupulous as they could be in general chaos about inventories,
storage, etc.
• no evidence of non-monetary gold as defined going into TGC Pool
• some evidence that non-monetary gold of this type may. have
comprised gold bars resmelted by Germany before and during War,
but no documentation in British archives to determine how much or
when. Amount likely to have been very smalL
• non-monetary gold as defined went to IGC-IRQ as intended
,-:,
�·'
j,f ,-'" . .... "
~M :EMB~SSY
(.~ . ,~ 'ft
"
BRUSSELS,
f
TEL:
'")
•
29 NOV'96
,j'
"
9:53 No.004 P.Ol
'."
EMBASSY OF ,THELINITEDSTATES OF ~MERICA
'BRUSSELS, BELGIUM
ECONOMIC SECTION :
FACSIMILE MESSAGE
No~ember,29,
FROM:
1996'
Terry f!4... Breese
Counselor for Economic Affairs
32-2-508-2540
32-2-51.3~8761' (fax) ,
•
'
: '
I
TO:',
EURJUBI' - Marilyn Ereshefsky
PAGES:
17,
202-647-3463
SUBJECT: TGC - Notes on the Claims
Marilyn:
,
,
Here is the second part - the SectarY General's notes' on 'each country's claims.
Regards, Terry
�RM' EMBRSSY
BRUSSELS
29 I\jOIJ' 96
TEL:
9:53' No.OOA P.02
(CountrYA)
ALBANIA
1.
Albania originally submitted a claim for 2,579.9023 kgs
of fine gold. This was reduced, following correspondence with
the Commission, to 2,454.8745 kgs. The Commission dealt ~iih
the claim in two parts: '
,
'
,
(a) 116.1180 kg9 taken by the Germans from the National
Bank of Albania in Tirana
',
'"
1
(b) 2,338.7565kgs taken by the Germans frQm the National
Bank of Albania in Rome.
'I
2.
The'Commission validated ,the claim to 116.1180 kgs at
paragraph l(a) above. The claim at paragraph l(b) became the
subject of a counter-claim. by Italy. The issue 'was resolved by
the use of an independent Adju~icatorwho found in favour tif
Albania. The Conunissio~ accordingly validated the totality of
the claim of 2,45~.874Skg8. ie 78,'26.047 oz~
,
I
Albani~'
prell~ihary d_i~1:.rib~ti~n ,tH~
3",
As
s shar'e of' 'the
Gold Book'records an attribution to Albania o.f ,35~502~797 dz
on 14 February, 1948 and a further ,att,ribution of 552. 7060~ on
30 June 1948, making a.totalof 36,055-.503,02. However, t~is
was not implemented, and on 13 Novemher 1950, the attributjJon
6f 35,S02.7970zwas annulled because 'of ' the Italian count~r-,
claim, leaving 552.706 oz outstanding. This in turn was
annulled on 26 June 1952. There is a brief history of the
Albanian case at pages 33 to 37 of vo+ume 3 of the 1971
Report. On p.28 of Vol 111 of the 197,1 Report, Albania is
recorded as having been accorded,an attribution' of a total ,of
50,616.'530 Troy ounces of fine gold (31,959.464 ounces in bars
and 18,657.066 in coins). 'This 'attribution was not recordedi in
the Gold Book, for reasons hot revealed.
I
4.
No further developments occurred as, far as the Commission
was concerned until 15 March 1996 when the'Albanian Ambassa~or
in Brusseis was informed by the Chairman'of the, Commission
'(who' handed over a letter dated 14 March 1996) that the
Commission was preparing to proceed with the combined
preliminary and second/quasi-final distributions to Albania
and that the Albanian Government was entitled to receive, as
l
its combined preliminary and quasi-final distributions a tot al
of 1,574.35 kilograms of fine gold -,but that iri accordance,j
with the practice established in previous distributions to the
other claimant governments, the amount to be-received WOUldl be
rounded down to the nearest 50 kgs, viz 1,550 kgs. Again in
accordance ~ith past ,practice, the amount 'actually transferred
to Albani~ would be as near as p~acticable'to 1,550 kgs, but,
'notmorei ,than 1 , 550 kgs. Albania was ,furth,er informed, that ~ 1 as
was the case with other claimant countries, part of its share
would b~ in 'coins.,
","
,
, ' , . ,."
. ' ' 'I
5.
In the event, on 29 October 1996, Alban~a rece~ved from
the Bank of Enqlandatota1 of 49,B04.1490uncea of fJ..ne gol.<i,
comprising 49baga of coins said,to pontain 18,635.641 ounc~s '
and 77 bars containing 31,168.508 6unces. This left Albania
"underpaid" by' 812.378 ~unces •.
�A~·EMBA~SY
"
""
BRUSSELS '
TEL:
·29 NOV'96
9:54·No.004 P.03
6. By November 1996 it was possible to calculate that
Albania's share, 0.477%, of the tdtal gold pool ne£ ~f gold
sold for administrative purposes, it! 10,773,140.550 ounces,
amounted to 51,390.449 .ounces. Having received 49,804.149 .
ounces in its combined preliminary and quasi-final shares,
Albania'S share of the residual pool amounts to 1,586.30B
ounces.
'.
"
�RM.EMBRSSY BRUSSELS
~
.
'29
T
t~m).'96
9:54 NoJ004 P.04
~,
. (CountryB)
AUSTRIA
1.'
The Austrian government submitted a claim amounting to .
91,256.9156 kgs of fine gold, comprising:
(a) 73,99~.3211kgs. in bars and 4~271.8261 kgs in coins
said to, have belonged to the Austrian National'· ~ank;' 'and.
(b)
7,824.5662 kgs in. bars and 5,165.2016 kgs in coins
said to have belonged to "the National Bank of Austria in
liquidation" .
.
,
,I'
.
.
. ' .
2.
However, the .Commission decided to deal with the· claim by
dividing i t in a slightly different way:
,
(a) .55.925.9783 kgs of fine gold held at 17 March 1938 in
Austria and transferred to the Reichsbank Hauptstelle, Vienna';
. (b) 22,341-1695 kgs of fine gold held at 17 March 1938\
abroad and transferred to the Reichsbank;
(c) 12,989.767Bkgs of fine gold "purchased" in Aust'ria
or.abroad 9Y "the National Bank of Austria in liquidation"
between 18 March ,and 25 April 1'938 and 'taken over by the
Reichsbahk.
.
3.
The .Commission found the claims at 2(a) and2(b) to be
valid but found.·against that at2(c) on the grounds·that the
"National Bank of Austria in liquidation" 'could not during the
period in question be considered as being the central bank df
Austria. Austria I s established claim therefore amo'unted to: ,
78~267.1478
kgs of fine gold, ie 2,516,347.228 oz.
4.
As its part of the preliminary distribution, Austria was
accorded,. on 16. January 1948, an attribution
1:52,643.714, dz
of, the gold held at the Federa.l, Reserve Bimk' of. New York. od· 5
February 1949, the FRBNY transferred· 152,630.007 oz to
I
Austria. On 19 March 1949, a further attribution was made of,
244,221.418 oz of gold held' at the FRBNY: of this, 244,2;Z1.4I08
was tra.nsferred on • 7 AprIl 19'48. These two • transfers left '.I
.,
13.717 oz outstand1nq. The ~old Book then ~ecords .in May 19~9
a belated. entry for 3 October 1947, showing an attribution ~f
689,296.251 ozto Austri,a., The outstanding amount then
therefore, 689~309.968 oz. On .30 June 1948 a further
.'
attribution' was accorded to Austria, of 190,784.757 oz~makihg
a total then. outstanding of 890,094.725 oz. On 29 July.1948,
the Bank of England transfer~ed 330,862.199 oz in coins and
3S8,434.052oz in .bars to Austria,' leaving '190,798.474.0%
"underpaid".' The ·figures for the transaction on 28 Jul.y 1949
were amended very slightly on 11 August 1948, to 330,862.153
oz and 358,,434.098 oz - which left the total unchanged. Then
··on 14 Oct~her 1948, ~heBank of Engi~ndmad~ another trarisfec
to Austria, of 190, 7B4. 716 0%. in coins, leavihg Austria 13.7 159.
oz "underpaid". '
. .
0+
was'l"
5. On 4 August 1953, .theGold Book recorda that t.he
138,723.4.61 oz of gold Tecovered inSalzkiurq by the. US
Mi.1itary auth'orities and trant?ferred direct to the Austrian
�RM' EMBRSSY BRUSSELS
TEL:
29 NOV'96
9:55 N8.DD4 P.D5
40.
Government was ,deemed to' have been distributed",to Au'stria. as
part of the gold ,pool. The record:therefore then sh6wed an I
~overpayment~ of 138,709.703 oz. On 7 July 1~58, Austria was
accorded an attribution of 138,7~3.461 oz. and the
"underpayment" of' 13.758, 02: re-~ppeared.'·:
'
6. In the context of the second and quasi-final'distribution.
Austria was accorded on 11 June 1958 an attribution of,
197,727.063 0% ma~ing a total of 197,740.821 ozoutstanding.
This, was largely met on'7 August when the Bank of England
transferred 197.725.755 0% to Austria, leaving 15.066 02: '
"underpaid~~'
. '
7. By November 1996 i t was possible to calculate Austria's
total sh~re of the cumulative gold pool net,of gold sold for
administrative purposes, lO,773.140.550,ounces. Austria's,
ahare, 15.225% amounted to 1,640,292.659. ounces.' In the,
preliminary and quasi-fina1distributions, Austria received a
total of 1,611,381.598 ounces, leaving 26~911.061 in the final "
distribution.
.
,
�RM EMBRSSY BRUSSELS
TEL:
9:55
29 NOIJ'9E?
."
Nolbo4 P.06"
" I'
(CountryC)
BELGIUM
The I;Belgia~ Government Bu.t;mi tted a claim for 204',868.0736
kgs, in two parts:
""
"'
(a) for 198,433.8417 kgs of fine goiq by the National
Bank of Belgium (183,170.0695 kgs in the name of the Natic:!mal
Bank of Belgiwn, 15,240.1569 kgs in, the name of the Belgian""
State arid 23.61'53 kgs,;n the ,name of the Bank of the ,Belgian
Cop,go);and
'(b) for 6i434.2j19" kgs of fine gold by the Banque
d'Emission.
" .
i
I.·
2.
The Conuniss1on rejected the claim at', paragraph" l( 1::1) . for
,6, 434.23l~ k~s on the grounds that it was not mone'tarY90~d,'
but validated the claim at.paragraph l(a) for 198,433.8417 kgs
ie6,379,796.1410z . • ""
,'","
.
I. ""
3.
On October 28, 1947,Belg~um was accorded an, attn.butl.on
of 2,' 386','068.022, oz of ~,~(! golci ,held in Frankfur.t,by the !"" "
Military ,Governor of the iUS Zone 'of Occupation. On the ,same"
date, . there was an attribution of a further amount of '
528,391.513 DZ of the gold held by the Federal Reserve Bank of
.
"
I
New York. Again on the same date. the, Gold Book records that
Belgium had' renounced in nlvour of. the Goverrunent of the 1
French Republic its attribution of a total of 2.9,14,459.535
"
.
I
"
oz. This last entz::y was cancelled on 19 September 1954, and
the attribution to Belgium of 2,914,459. 5350z maintained.! On,
the same date, however, there, are entries imputing to Belgium,
for the purposes of the Gold Conuniss10n's 'records, the
I
"
deliveries made to France of 2,436,955.805 oz~ 477,638.784I oz
,
,
and 803.768,.550 OZ, ieapparently 803, 803 ~ 604 oz more thani ts
attribut~on. Th!:; en.trY,'-'1'as rectified on 7 July 1958 when!
Belgium was accorded an attribution of 520,975.361 oz in bars
and 282,793.189 oz in c:;::oins which had already been deliverled
to France. This left Belgium having been -"overpaid" by 35.054
oz in ,the course of the preliminary distribution.
I'
4. On If June 1958, there is' an entry (which ~ppearsafter'
the entry for' 7 July) "according Belgium an. attribution of
372,948.607 oz as part'of the second and quasi-final .'
distribution. On 2 and 4 July 1956, Belgium "received" from
the BoE, the FRBNYand tlie Banque de France, a total of
372,948.269 OZ, leaving it still 34.716 oz "ov.rpaid".
I
"
i·
•
;
5. By November 1996' it was possible to calculate the total
share attributable to Belgium of the gold pool' net of gold
sold for administrative purposes. This net pool was:
10,773.140.550 ounces. Belgium's share ,was 38.601%; ie
4,158,747.912 ounces. Having received in the preliminary and
"quasi-final distributions a total of 4,091,21L4080unces,[ ,
Belgium was due 67.536.504 ounces 1n the final distribution.
(
.
"'
�AM
EMB~SSY
BRUSSELS
29 t~OV' 96
TEL:
9:55 No.004 P.O?
(CountryO)
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
1.
The ,original Czechoslovak clai~ amounted to 45,008.2"784
kgs of fine gold. The Commission dealt with the claim in'fobr
sections: ,
,
I
(a) i4,536.2010 kgs transferred to the Reichsbank from
the National Bank of Czechbslovakia:1579,8323kgs held at the
National Bank of Belgium;I,468.3578kgl'i, held at the Bank fol
International Settlements; and 12,488.01'09 kgs held at Swist!:a
National Bank},
,
'
(b), 23,087.3040 kgs held in Bank of Eng:land on account
of
Bank for International Settlements for theaccount'ofthe
National Bank,6fCzechoslovakia, and transferred to the
Reichsbanki '
(c) 6,375.8588 kga in coi~~ held at N~tional Bank of
Bohemia and 'Moravia, transferred to the Reichsbank~
(el) 1,008.9146 kgs "aclrninistered by Skodaworks and
Zbrojovk~ A.S., trans£~rred via National Bank of Bohemia and
Moravia t.o the Reichsbank
\'
I
',2.
The Commission rejected the claim at paragraph 'I (d) for
1,008.9146 kgs on the grounds th'at it had not peen established
,that the, gold in, question was at the' time monetary gold of
'
Czechoslovakia, but validated the claims at paragraphs
l(a),(b) and (c) above, totalling 43~99~.3638 kg~, ie
1,414,612.391 oz.
3. 'The situation was' however compli~ated by the fact that
after the end of the war, the newly reconstituted National
Bank of czechoslovakia, as successor to tbe German-established
and controlled National Bank of Slovakia,' came into ,possession
of 7,107.4417 kgs of gold held, at the ~wlss 'Nationa~Banka~d
200.5682 'kgs held at the 'Bank for InternationalSettlementsl£n
Switzerland. The Commission decided to deal with 'the gold held
in the Swi~s National Bank under thr~e headingss
,
(a)' gold purchas~d with funds of German origin,· ia
'3,710.0148 kgs'
(b) gold purchased with funds which 'were not of German
origin, ie 1,99B.6511 kgs and
(c) gold which did not come under either heading, i.e'
1,398.775B' kgs.
4.
The three Governments decided that the gold in '3(a}
above, ie 3,710.0149 .kgsie 119,279.745 oz should be deemed
to
be parto!, the gold pool and therefore regardep as already
having been distributed as part of Czech6,slovak.\'a ~ s share, o~
the Conunission's gold pool. (See paragraph 7 below}. The three
Governments further decided that no account should 'be takenlof
the recovery by Czechos.l,ovakia of' the g'old referred to' in 3,~ b)
and 3(c) above. As'for the gold held at the BIS, the 'three:
Governments, decided that no account should be taken of it.
,5.
On 3 May, 1948, the Gold Book record~ '~n attribution to
Czechoslovakia 6f 195,288.635 oz held, at the Federal ReservJ
Barik of New York. pn 17 May, 1948 195,283.854 ozwere'
�RM EMBRSSY
~RUSSELS
TEL:
29 NOIJ '96,
9:57 No.004,P.08
transferred toC~echoslovakia' by the :Federal", Reserve Bank of
New 'fork, 'leaving Czechoslovakia, "underpaid" 'by 4.781 oz ort
the preliminary distribution.
I
6.
Czechoslovakia was not awarded a further attribution and
did not receive .i,ts second and quasi-final dist,ribut.1..on in
'1,958 'when most, 'other claimant countries did because of the
refusal of the us Commissioner to sign the adjudicati'on
relating to Czechoslovakia, ,there being a dispute between the
us and Czechoslovak Governments over bilateral claints issue1s.
Czechoslovakia did not receive a copy of the Commission's
adjUdication in 1958, and indeed the adjudication relating to
Czechosl6vakia was not signed until 1982 (see paragraph 8
"
below). ~here is a brief desc~i~~ion of the sit~ation at P.141~
'of Volume 3 'of the ,1971 Report.,
"
",
,
,
7.
On 17 December 1974, the gold referred to in 3(a) above,
3,710.0148 kgs, ie 119,279.745 oz was entered in the Gold Bbok'
as having been attributed,to and transferred to
'Czechoslovakia.
8.
On 20 February 1982, the 327,,633.729 oz in coins from the,
Bank of England and 257,292.221 oz in bars and 6,647.240 oz in
coins from the Federal Reserve Bank of New 'fork were
transferred to Czechoslovakia: a total of 591,573.190 oz
compared ,with an attribution of 592,649.851 (see p.28 of
,Volume 30£ the 1971 Report), ,leaving Czechoslovakia
"uriderpaid," 'on the preliminary and second/quasi:"';finld
. distributions by 1081. 442 oz.
9. 'By November 1996 it was possible td ca.lculate that
share of ,the gold pool (net·of gold sold for
administrative purposes) of 10,773,140,.550 ounces, ie 8.559%,
amounted to 922,119.203 ~uncea. 'Having r,eceived. 906,136.789
, ounces in the preliminary, and qU4si-final di.stributions,
'Czechoslov'akia.ls share of the residual pool is 15,982.414
ounces.
C~echoslovakia's
..
'
�RM EMBRSSY BRUSSELS
TEL:
29 NO'J' 96
9: 57 No.1 004 P. 09
~,
(CountiyE)
GREECE
Bubm~tted two claims on 10 May 1~47:
(a) for 82.81466 kgs and
(b) for, 0.919731 kgs
It subsequently submitted a third claim:
(0) for 12,634.9310 kgs, which, following discussion with
the Commission, it reduced to 7,358 kgs.
The total Greek claim therefore was for 7,441.7344 kgs
1.
Greeceor~g~nally
2.
The Commission validated the claim in paragraph l(a) for
82.8147 kgs and, having reduced it slight1y, the claim in
I
paragraph l(b) for 0.9183 ~g5. The Commission, however,
rejected the ,claim for 7,358 kgs (amended to 7,358.0014 kgs)
on the grounds that it had not been established that the gold
in question was monetary gold. The total Greek claim validated
by the Commission, therefore amounted to 83.7330 kgs, ie
2,692.078 oz.
3.
As its share in the preliminary distribution, Greece was
accorded an attribution of 1,216.324 o~ on 30 June 1948. It/
did not take delivery of this amount because of the smallness
of the amount. On 11 June 1958, as its part of the second artd
quasi-final distribution, Greece was accorded an attributiort
of a further 391.213 OZ, making a total of 1,607.537 oz
I
outstanding to Greece at that stage. On 29 June 1959, Greece
received from the Bank of England 815.508 oz in bars and
792.022 oz in coins, making a total of 1,607.530, leaving
Greece 0.007 oz "underpaid".
4. By November 1996'it was possible to calculate Greece's
share, of the tota1 gold pool net of gold sold for
administrative purposes, ie 10,773,140.550 ounces. At 0.016%,
this share amounted to 1,723.788 ounces. Having received
I
1,607.530 ounces in its combined preliminary and quasi-finai
shares, Greece's share of the residual poolia 116.258 oQncJs~
(
�M EMBRSSY BRUSSELS
.TEL:
29 NO',) , 96
9:58
~~o.004
P.lO
1.
(CountryF)
ITALY
1. Italy originally submitted a claim for 73,438.8292 kgs of
fine gold, comprising separate claims f o r : '
I
(al 69,320.6709 kgs looted from the Bank of Italy
(b)
1,777"3383 kgs looted from the Istituto per i CamOi
con l'Estero (Istcambi), and
(el
2,340.8200 kgs looted from the National Bank of
Albania situated in Rome, but claimed to have belonged to
Italy.
2. The claim at paragraph 1(bl was withdrawn by Italy on 8 May
1956. The Italian claim therefore amounted to 71,661.4909 kgs
of fine gold, ie 2,303,970.4277 oz.
.
I
3. Following resort to an Arbitrator, it was decided that the
2,338.7565 kgs (not 2,340.8200 as claimed by the Italian
I
Government) of gold looted from the National Bank of Albania
in Rome (see paragraph 1(c) above) belonged to Albania. The I
remainder of the Italian claim at paragraph l(a) above,
however, was validated by the Commission, ie 69,320.6709 kgs~
2,228,711.317 oz.
4. On 3 October, 1947, Italy was accorded an attribution of
122,343.804 oz in the Gold Book; and on 30 June 1948, a
further attribution of 895,790.459 oz. On that same date, the
amount of 463,664.343 oz was transferred by the Bank of
England to France on behalf of Italy, as part of the
preliminary distribution to Italy, leaving 554,469.920 oz
outstanding to Italy. On 28 July,1948, the amount of
269,710.784 oz in coins was transferred cy the Bank of England
to Italy. On 23 (sic) July,1948, Italy is recorded in the Gdld
Book as having withdrawn in favour of Yugoslavia, to the
amount of 269,841.177 oz. ((This same amount was attributed to
Yugoslavia, but, when on 23 September 1948 this amount came to
be distribut~d to Yugoslavia, only 269,841.059 oz of coins was
transferred, leaving Yugoslavia owed 0.118 oz in coins by t~e
Gold Pool in respect of the Italian transaction.)) The 23 JJl y
1948 transaction left Italy "underpaid" by 14,917.959 oz. O~
31 August 1948, the Gold Book records that the entry at 28 I
July was cancelled and the amount of 269,710.784 re-attributed
to Italy. Again on 31 August 1948, the amount of269,710.69~
oz in coins was transferred to Italy by the Bank of EnglandJI
On B October 1948, 14,917.944 ozwaa transferred by the Bank
of England to Italy, leaving Italy "underpaid" by 0.103 oz.
5. On 25 August 1952, the allotment on3 October 1947 above
'was amended to reduce the allotment by 0.001 oz and that on 30
June 1948 by 0.014 oz. Italy's "underpayment'· was therefore
reduced to 0.088 oz.
6. As its part of the second and quasi-final distrib~tion,
Italy ,was accorded on 11 June 1958 an attribution of .
409,921.960 oz, making a total outstanding of 409.922.048 oz.
On 7 July 1958, Italy received from the Bank of .England
409,920.84~ oz. leaving it "underpaid" by 1.201 oz.
1
�..
RM EMBRSSY BRUSSELS
1./
'
TEL:
29 NOV'96
9:58 No.004 P.ll
7. By November' 1996 'it was possible to calculate Italy's share
of the total gold pool net of, gold sold for administrative I
purposes, ie 10,773,140.550 ounces. At 13.484%, Italy's share
amounted to 1,452,722.904 ounces. Having received
1,428,055.022 ounces in its preliminary and quasi-final,
distiibutipns, Italy's share of the resid~al gold pool i .
24,667.882 ounces.
�RM EMBRSSY BRUSSELS
TEL:
29 NO'J' 96
9:59 NoJ004 P.12
~
(CountryG)
LUXEMBURG
1. Luxemburg originally submitted a claim for a total of
4,317.2028 kgs of fin'e gold, comprisingr
(a) 3,854.7487 kgs in the name of the Savings Bank
Cb)
368.9553 kgs for the account of the State of
Luxemburg
(c)
93.4988 kgs for the acct of ~ B Pes~atore
Foundation
2. The Commission validated the claims at. paragraph lea) and
Cb) above but rejected the claim at Paragraph l(c) on the
grounds that ths J B Pescatore Foundation was a privats
institution. Luxemburg's total claim, as validated, was
the·refore for the amount of 4,223.7040 kgs, ie 135,795.236 oz.
3. As its part of'; the preliminary distribution, Luxemburg wis,
on 28 O~tober 1947 accorded an attribution of 50,787.936 ozlof
the gold held at Frankfurt by the Military Governor of tbe US
Zone of Occupation. A further 11,246.918 0% was attributedlon
the same date from the gold held at the Federal Reserve Bank
of New York, making a total of 62,034.854 oz. This amount w~s
vired to France as a result of agreement between the two
governments. This was confirmed, in a book-keeping entry in
the Gold Book on 19 September 1954.
.
4. As its share of the second and quasi-final distribution
Luxemburg was accorded on 11 June 1958 an attribution of
24,113.056 oz. On 2 July 1958, the Bank of England delivered
(to France on behalf of Luxemburg) all but 0.011 oz" which
remains outstanding.
5. By November 1996 it was possible to calculate Luxemburg's
share of the total gold pool net of the gold sold for
administrative purposes, ie 10';773,140.550 ounces. Luxemburg's
~share, 0.821%, amounted to B8,451.905 ounces. Having received
86,147.899 ounces as its preliminary and quasi-final
distributions, Luxemburg is entitled to 2,304.006 ounces as
its share of the residual gold pool.
I
�AM EMBASSY
BRUSS~LS
29 NOIJ' 96
TEL:
9:59 NoJ004 P.13
~
(CountryH)
NETHERLANDS
1. The Netherlands originally submitted a cla~m for a total of
145,650 kgs of fine gold. Following preliminary examination;
the Commission refined the figures (the Netherlands had
I
rounded its claims down to the nearest kilogram) and divided.
the claim into:
(a)
9r571~420B kgs recovered from a sunken ship
_
(b) 28,835.8682 kgs taken from the public on the orders
of the occupation authorities
,
(c) 35,919.0110 kgs - war levy (abschlagszahlung)
(d) 68,995.0824 kgs - war levy
(e)
971.2150 kgs coins seized at Arnhem
(f)
1,357.9004 kgs coins seized at Meppel
The total claim was thus 145,650.4978 kgs
I
,
,
2. The Commission decided that the claim at paragraph l{b)
above should be rejected, it being private gold effectively
looted by agents of the occupying power. It also decided that
6,640 kgs of gold which had similarly been looted by agents I of
the occupying power and had been included in the war levy at
paragraph l(c) should be deleted from the claim. It thus
I
rejected claims to the total.of 35,475.8682 kgs and validated
the claims totalling of 110,174.6296 kgs, ie 3,542,196.587 bz.
p~eliminary
I
3. On 12 November 1947, as its part of the
distribution, the Netherlands was accorded an attribution of
944,704.957,oz from the gold held at F~ankfurt by the Milit~ry
Governor of the US Zone of Occupation and a further
209,203.627 oz from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York,
totalling 1,153,908.584 oz. On 19 November 1947,
944,704.91830z were transferred to the Netherlands from
Frankfurt and on 5 December 1947, 209,201.609 oz from the
FRBNY, leaving the Netherlands 2.0567 oz "underpaid", On 30
June 1948, a further attribution wae made to the Netherlands
of 985,298.253 oz, making a totai of 985,300.3097 oz
I
outstanding. On '31 December 1948 the figure tor the
attribution wae revised by the addition of 17.361 oz,making
the total outstanding 985,317.6707 oz.
4. On 6 January 1950, the 'Bank of England transferred
450,110.403 oz in bars and 310,132.656 oz in coin~ to the
Netherland~. On 10 January 1950, 'following assay, toe figur~
for the amount transferred to the Netherlands from Frankfurt
was revised upwards by 48.001 oz. On the same-date, theFRBNY
transferred 225,055.148 02: to the Netherlands, leaving ~tl
"overpaid" by 28.5373 oz. On 14 September 1950, the Gold Book
records a correction to the amount of gold delivered to thel
Netherlands at the time of the first delivery f~om Frankftirt
in November 1947, .amending it upwards by 39.042oz, leaving
the Netherlands "overpaid" by 67.5793 oz. On 25 August 1952
the Gold Book records a replacement of dud coins found in a
previous delivery, resulting in a further "overpayment" of
4.023 oz, making a total of 71.6023 oz.'
5. As its part of the second and quasi-final'distribution, the
�RM EMBRSSY BRUSSELS
•
TEL:
29
t~OIJ'
96
10:00 No.004. P.14
Netherlands was accorded an attribution of 131,818.042 0% on
11 June 195B, leaving the total outstanding to the
I
Netherlands, 131,746.440 oz. On 18 April 1973, the attribution
of 11 June 1959 was amended to read 131,818.060 oz. On 30 May
1913, the Bank of England delivered to the Netherlands
4,410.351 02 in bars and 73,692.14B· 02 in cains; and on 30
August 1973, the FRBNY delivered 53,460.758 oz in bars,
leaving the Netherlands "underpaid" by 183.201 oz.
6. There is a full description of the discussions with the
Netherlands Government over their claim on pages 37 to 40 of
Volume 3 of the 1971 Report. and a number.of the annexes
relate to this claim.
7. The 1971 Report left the story at the point when, in its
letter of 12 July 1965, to Mr Rinnooy-Kan, Pirector of the I
Netherlands. Ministry of Finance, the Commission confirmed i>ts
rejection 'of the Netherlands claim to 35,475.8682 kgs of gdld
(see paragraph 2 above).
I
B. The quasi-final distribution to the Netherlands which, but
for the Netherlands' objection to the Commission's,
I
adjudication, could have. been made in 1958 at the sarue time' as
the distribution to other.claimant countries, was not in fa'ct
made ~ntil 30 May and, 30 August 1973 (see paragraph 5' abovel )
9. By November 1996 it was possible to calculate the
Netherlands' share of the total gold pool net of gold sold for
administrative purposes, ie 10,773,140.550 ounces. The.
Netherlands' share, 21.432%, amounted to 2,309,014.92Bounc,es.
Having received 2,270,859.057 ounces ~s its preliminary and
quasi-final shares, the Netherlands is entitled to receive
38,155.871 ounces as its share of the residual gold pool.
******
::w.
The files need to be checked to establish whether the
Netherlands' Government expressly or otherwise accepted or
rejected the Commission's adjUdication when it took deliver¥
in 1973 of ita quasi-final distribution.
�RM EMBASSY BRUSSELS
,.
L:
29 NOt)' 96
10:00 NoJ004 P.1S'
(CountryJ;)
POLAND
1.
The circumstances of the submission of the Polish ~laims
are confusing since Poland did not sign its adherence to-Pa~t
111 of the Paris Agreement until 20 July 1949 (ie well afte~
the dead-line for the submission of claims), it challenged the
definition of monetary gold adopted by the Commission and
submitted claims with incomplete documentary evidence. The
Commission itself distilled the Polish documentation and
claims into a global figure, which included an estimate of
100,000.0000 kgs for the gold stolen from the victims in the
concentration camps. The Commission's calculations were sent
to the Polish authorities on 12 December 1949. Following
further discussions, the global figure was set by the
Commission at 138,738.5309 kgs.
2. The co~ission examined the Polish claim in great detail
and rejected it in toto.
POLAND
DANZIG
1.
The Cemmission dealt separately with Poland's claim to
4,726 kg'S of fine gold in respect of the Bank of Dan~ig.
2.
The Commission decided that 3,858.8835 kgs (124,065.985
ez) o£gold had been looted or wrongfully removed from the
Bank of Danzig by the Germans, but that neither Poland nor any
other Gevernment had, at the time of the signature of the
Cemmissien's adjudication in June 1958~ established an
entitlement to claim the gold in questien. '
,
3.
On 2 July, 1976. the Geld Beok records an attribution to
Poland(Danzig') of 79,565.489 oz. 'on 12 August, the Federal I
Reserve Bank of New Yerk delivered 50,237.827 ez to. Poland a;nd
en 25 August, the Bank ef England delivered 29,327.197 0% i~
ceins, making a tetal ef 79,565.024 oz and leaving Peland
'0.465 o~ "underpaid".
4.
By November 1996 it was possible to calculate Poland's
share ef the tetal geld pool net of gold seld for
administrative purposes. ie 10.773,140.550 ounces. Peland's
ahare, 0.75%, ameunted to. 80,802.593 ounces. Having received
79,565.024 'ounces as its preliminary and quasi-final shares,
Peland is entitled to receive 1,237.569 ounces as its ahare in
the residual geld peel.
�AM EMBASSY BRUSSELS
TEL:
29 NO'.) , 96
10:01 Noloo4 P.16
~'
(CountryJ)
YUGOSLAVIA
1.
Yugoslavia originally submitted a claim for 12,264.92418
kgs, compr1B1ng:
.
I .
(a) 9,328.62251 kgs originating with the Uzice branch of
the National Bank of the Kingdom of Serbia, made up of:
I
(i) 8,857.480 kgs removed from Yugoslavia by Italy
and subsequently looted from Italy by Germany
I
(ii) 471.1425 kgs looted direct from Yugoslavia by
Germany
I
(b)
117.55263 KgB said to have been taken from Sarajevo
by the Croatian Ustasha and then looted fromCroaiia
by Germany
I
(c)
137.36884 kgs looted by Germany from the National
Bank of Serbia
(d) 2~681.kgs said to have belonged to Yu~6slavial
(1)
445.571 kgs looted from the Bor mines
(ii) 282.9790 Kgs held in Paris, said to have been
looted from the Bor mines
I
(iii) 1,952.8302 kgs extracted in Germany from blister
copper taken from the Bor mines
I
2.
The Yugoslav Go~ernment withdrew the claim at paragrapn
l(a) (i) above for 8,857.480 kgs (it being dealt with direct~y
between Yugoslavia and Italy) and the Commission decided in I
favour of the claim at paragraph 1(8)(ii), but reduced it to
452.7143 k~s. The claim at paragraph l(b) was validated up ~o
109.34773 kgB, the remainder having been taken from private I
persons by the Croatian State Bank after the German invasion
could not be classified as monetary gold. The Commission
rejected the claim at paragraph l(c) on the grounds that it
waB private, rather than monetary gold. The Conunission
accepted the claim in paragraph led) for the 2,681.3802 kgs
which originated one way or another in the Bor mines. In its
adjudication, the Commission. noted that the 51.5114 kgs of
gold which had been recovered by the British authorities in
Germany and transferred direct to Yugoslavia in fact formed
part of the claim at paragraph l(d)(i) above and '8S such the
amount must be deemed to have been delivered on aCCOQnt of
Yugoalavi~'s share in the gold pool.
3. The Commission therefore validated a total claim for
Yugoslavia of 3,243.44223 kgs, 1e 104,279.087 oz.
4.
On 15 July 1948, the Commission accorded an attribution
of 6,919.813 oz of gold to Yugoslavia. On 23 July 1948 Italy
made over in favour of Yugoslavia its claim to 269,841.177 oz.
There was therefore at that stage 276,760.990 oz out~tandingl·
to Yugoslavia. On 23 September 1948, the Bank of England
transferred to Yugoslavia 269,841.059 oz in coins on behalf of
Italy (ie 0.118 oz less than the amount made over by Italy)
and 6,919.692 oz in bars leaving Yugoslavia "underpaid" by
0.239 oz according to the Gold Book (i~ 0.11B oz ~n coin by
the Gold Pool in respect of the Italian transaction and 0.12[
oz by the Gold Pool in respect of Yugoslavia's own direct
claim on the pool).
�RM EMBRSSY BRUSSELS
,
TEL:
29
t~CI\J'
96
10:01 Nolo04 P.l?
5.
On 11 February 1949 a fUrther attribution was accorded to
Yugoslavia of 1,654.036, increasing the outstanding amount to
1,654.275 oz. On 4 January 1951 the Bank of England
'
I
transferred 1,629.648 oz to Yugoslavia, leaving it "underpaid"
by 24.627 '0%, including the 0.118 oz owed in respect of tsel
Italian transaction. On 18 September 1951, account was taken
of the 1,656.130 0% which had been transfer;ed direct by tb~
UK to yugoslavia (see the final sentence of paragraph 2
I
above). This transacti(:m left Yugoslavia "overpaid" by
1,631.503 oz. In an entry in the Gold Book of 25 August 1952,
this amount wa.B reduced by 0.001 0% to 1,631.502 oz.
6.
On 7 July 1958, Yugoslavia was accorded an' attribution of
1,656.130 ~z, thus leaving it 24.628. oz "underpaid". On 11
June 1958, Yugoslavia was accorded an attribution of
56,263.798 oz and there was thus outstanding 56, 2BS. 426 oz'. On
5.November 1958, the Bank of England transferred to Y'4goslavia
31,613.597 0% in bars and 24,650.190 oz in coins, leaving
24.639 0% outstanding, of which 0.118 oz was owed to
Yugoslavia by the Gold .Pool in respect of the Italian
transaction and 24.521 oz by the Gold Pool in respect of
Yugoslavia's own direct claim on the pool.
7.
By November 1996 it was possible to calculate
Yugoslavia's share of the total gold pool net of.gold sold for
administrative purposes, ie 10,773,140.550 ounces ..
Yugoslavia'eshare, 0.63%, amounted to 67,874.178 ounces.
Having received 66,469.257 ounces as its preliminary and
quasi-final shares, former Yugoslavia is entitled to receive
1,404.921 ounceeas its share of {the residual gold pool.
�1=11'·1 EMBRSSY8RUSSELS .
•
29
T
r~OIJ'
95
9:45 Nolo03 P.Ol
- j
~~tel'fnin.:::.tion
Trip;:.rtit~
UOliCi\is::ion l'''1' thr::
ue1',,:>z'e !':;·:.~)t~muc.l.'
t!le, 'l'::ipu).'tit",
"'"
of tho
,;o,,~,~:i~si~)n
:'n t"e event th.::tt
"0"",,
'~he
to laeet !tu.::h cl:lima.
of 'the cl;;l.i.;,Ls
:·,i.:ltitut:'un at' 'j.;:)ne'tary 1;.01'1 to
1';'4.7,und which. Il::!.vin~ Ll8en.u.i:::;.... 11oYMu hy
15.
o;uu".quontly i",
v.:;.li~it.:r
i:;:>r the He;:titutioll 01'
"ali" ", u c~,,,"'n'
=:Junt Qi' <'old
J.·Jr;~:'~1illg
i,~(llIetl.4).'::I
t,;..,)lL,
'.'.<ibun.1, Ci'
+"
in tat:: 1'0')1 ot·
�I
RM EMBRSSY BRUSSELS
29
TEL:
~~m)'
9:45 No 003 P.02
96
)0
- 4
(
a.nd signed by His Excellency Monsieur Oelestin S 1
r,
In
Lnvoy ~traotdinary Qnd Minister Plenipotentiary at
Bru3s.;ls, Reprel5ent£l.tive of' the Government of'
CZECHOSLOVAKIA.
~~~~
C ou.:utia sioner of the Gove rrunent of '~h", French liepublic.
r., '
COll1misr.ioner of the'GoverTllllent
. n~!lu1.y l:nuuni9sioner
vf t.he C:oveM\.Iilert t nf' of' the United Kingdom of' Great
BritAin And Northern Ireland
t!~':! ".llliled ,:t-d:ea
/
".
/"
I ' '.:
,I
DClp1.lty
commissioner oftbe
Government of' the
Fl'onch Republic
�RM EMBRSSY BRUSSELS
'('
TEL:
, 9:45 No.003 P.03
.
PaysDB-2
Draft letter to the Ambassador of Slovakia
Your Excellency,
1. ! have. the honour to inform you that the Tripartite
Commission for the Restitution of Monetary·Gold should in the
near future be in a position to conclude its work, with th~ .
final distribution tocla1mant countries of their share of the
gold pool remaining at the Commission's disposal. i\ brief
background note on the Tripartite Commiss1on~ is attached.
2. According to the Tripartite Commission's records,. in 1947,
the Czechoslovak Government submitted a claim to .the
•
Commission for 45,OOB.27B4 kilograms of fine gold. In its I
adjudication dated 20 February 1982, the Commission announced
its decision to allow a claim for 43,999.3638 kilograms. 1~
1,414,612.391 troy ounces of fine gold. Unfortunately, thel
amount of. gold recovered by the Allied Nations at the end of
the Second World War was considerably less than the totality
of the claims submitted by claimant countries and validated by
the Tripartite Commission. In common with the other claimaht
I
countries, therefore,' C:iiechoslovakia and its successor states
will rece'ive in total only about 64% of their validated clhim.
3. In the preliminary distribution from the gold pool,
I
Czechoslovakia received 195,283.854 troy ounces of fine gold
and subsequently,'. 119,279.745 troy ounces (=3,710.0148
I
kilograms) of gold recovered direct from Swit:z:;erland by
Czechoslovakia was deemed by the Tripartite Commission to have'
formed part of the gold pool and was therefore counted agsln$t
the Czechoslovak ent1tlement.Then, in 1982, Czechoslovakil:i
received its quasi-final distribution of 591,573.190 t:roy I
ounces of fine gold. This was 1,081.442 troy ounces less than
its entitlement: an appropriate adjus~ment has been made in
the final ~hare.
'
4. I attach also a copy of the waiver signed by, the
Czechoslovak representative on 20 February 1982 in respect of
the gold pool administered by the Tripartite Commission.
5. The successor states of Czechoslovakia are now entitled to.
receive their shares of the small amount of gold remaining in
the Tripartite Commission's gold pool. These combined shares
.
I
have been calculated at ************ troy ounces of fine gold.
6. As it will not be possible to divide the gold in the gold
pool exactly in accordance with the amounts due to each
,
claimant country, the final distribution will comprise gold
and the minimum necessary currency.
7. I propose that, as has been the normal practice in the
past, the distribution take place at the office of the
Tripartite Commission (which is now located in the building of
the British Embassy. 85, rue d'Ar1on, 1040 Bruxelles) and ~hat
Your Excellency be empowered by your Government to accept on
its behalf and give a formal receipt for an irre~ocable
,
delivery order for gold on the Bank 'of England and a cheque
for a sum of currency. It will be necessary to indicate to
whom the gold .should be cpnsigned and to whom the cheque
should be made payable.
,
.
8. I should add-~hat a small amount of currency will be
I
�AM EMBASSY
BRUSSELS '
TEL:
29 tWV' 96
9:46
t~o.003
retained by the Tripartite Commission until all its work has
been completed. At that paint, this money will be shared pro
rata amongst the claimant countries by cheque., Unless
I
instructions are received to the contrary, this cheque will! be
made out to the same beneficiary as the cheque ,referred to in
paragraph 7 above.
,
.
9. I trust that these proposals will meet with Your
Excellency's agreement.
10. Beiore proceeding with the final distr1bution. it will be
necessary to establish the appropriate division of the share
of the former Czechoslovakia bet10Jeen S'tovakia and the Czech
Republic. r should be grateful if you would communicate thils
to me as soon as possible.
Please accept, Your Excellency, the assurance of my
highest considerat1on.'
P.04
v .... ....
�.,
4M EMBRSSY BRUSSELS
,
NOV'96
TE
His l:!xco11ency i,ionsicur c.:ulestin S 1
:i\
9:46 No 003 P.OS'
r. :::nvoy
Ollt.! hunui.'ec.i. uncI n';'nety five ,tlwuzunu. tHO humll'ou antI
or
Si:( til:)\lSfUlcl
an,"- seVClnty f'our ~15';4.
(;; ,074.1564)
~'ine
I
icilo,--l'OJili.les
or'
mone~!.l.ry
tll(:''L)o')l
(')1'
golu,
o:.~
a. pl-elilllinAr::f ':liiurc: in. tlt::: c.iist.z'i1Jution of
I
.-onel:.:..:..'y (;old, e::;t~\bli~lH:tu b,:,r the ,l"ari:;:; .>tlJ:'I.H:lm<mt:
;;J\
i
GOY; l'n:;l!:mts 01' the united Sto. tt~:;:;, the Ulli t.::::c:.i. K::'nr;UOI:l. an<i l"x'u,lH,a.:.
'l'hfJ Gov rnment 01' C:;;l!!t!iiOSrJOl.i.Kli !le.l:e :..nd. nm'l i:.tf:l:'ees tiut IIl)on
r<,;ut:ipt m:' its :;ull c..nd t'inlll share
~1·i9tl.1,·titl:
'!Ol:l,lim;:!.on i'or
t;n;::
1( ..
O~'
tho pooJ.
t:lt:U:~;tiun
()t'
0'1.'
j,lon¢to.ry I';olu.
'" (:to.ulir:ilcQ. on 27 Septc..'1l.uc:t", 1:;46, unciel' tel'ln:::: :::Jl
1.
J,:onati:.:.t,J (:olQ
r<H'e~'e; :l:1
.)1: J .anet...:.cy
....l.il."::1any
.I
*' ••/' •••
�RM EMBRSSY BRUSSELS
T
.' .
9:47 NoJ003P.06
- 2
but only to the C1::,,::tent that the 1'i'!.:n'r't:'te
or em ')(:half' 01' otllcr
fino.lly
\·:Q~.ved
countr~.~::'l ~lh{J.ll
have,
suuh r;l::ti.m:::;
mC:,lUel'l'l, or the G()v:~:::-n:nc:~tn·,".r the Un:',~(~d r.~t:J,te";.
the Un1 ted K:i.nrrlorn, ~lnd ;."l'i!.!l(;e. o.r::,:::inr; out ~1' t; .. r!:~r
~:r.:ocvt':'on
ot'
tho '::aml.i.te <Jot ,forth
i?l'
.l"m't III of the
L'ld :.n \In;~n:L!nou!'l H('EJolut.i.on iro~ :~ .. ent:~tl~d~
t,"!
�•.
Rr1Et18ASSY', BRU
"
I~:-":'
'I
9,:47,r~o<003 P.07
29, NOV' 96 "
'TEL:
ELS,
'"
,,,,
,
";'etermill:Ltion
01,'
,
tl'lt:: v::;, 1 iui t;:r
01:,
the cl~i1;il3
'~::l.l,ti~ip";tin!~ 'cQuatri'qr:" OI' thu
"cu::Jto~.:,cJ.i~trilJUtion, 01' !'1lunini:;tl,'uticm,
J
.
tb,;
01.'
-"
.
"
j:
pi' tilu po,)l 01' l,10ilO'cw;y liolc1.
h'\j[{'l·;J~~j6.'IOlu~:'
the
IL~it"jJ:f j)~C:Ud.C;S
L>OVOt'flllltmt
of CZ;-:;<.;HOSL{)'I"J\:L\
itowilli11r:ne:;lo. upon Iwtice, l'l"o!a tile
,
,
'l'l'J.pal'ti te<';Oli'l:ili!:i':don f(,l1- th~
co;"tl'ibuto" $uch gC;;ld
f;lharo which
::..t
.,a:;
:<a~titut :"on oi' ,i.~'metUrY t:oldto
.:i.:: m~;l Uj;:: l·equil.-eci ~l"l'p~'opol·tion to, to,he
bct:n ',nllQ~;:;.t~ci,,:t·Ot·, the~EJ.Yli1t:ntoI· b.11;,',
uef'.)re' S,::"t,elllb,"',r 15. 1';14.,
-
7,~ncl 'Ilhi~h' I~~~~r' ;Juen
I
•
,"
ci... ~n~
Ili::.:..llow<!d. by
I
,"
thr.: 1'l,'ip, ;:u:·titw<":onllili:,J!,ion i'or th", He;)titution oi' "k,H!;t.... l·Y' (Jo]u..
"IUY
i,
:.lUb:l~qucil\ U~ i)~
'i'""Ul<J .valid by a w('l1ll6ctll!llt
I~':"·ibunil.l.
'
, I'
it'
J!~,
'I,"
in the event, th:l.t ';;ho wn;;I1,mt' 01' ~:old ::em.... ii?ill\J' in: t;l~ P.O')l OJ','
i.l.r,neta:;: ,G,)l{l and ~.ubl{,lctto t;\-:: ,d!'lt_·ibut;~.on'
,
',',
Conlilillcdon,i"'r the
:';1;,";
<"i', tilt,)
'1llJ?i:Ct:;);c:
t i tl.l to"
' l.on ;,i' 1"
t - , 1'"'' ' . ' ::. . 1 't'
'lone llr:y I,~O u. :.;; "-l'lc.u.. 1:,c:l.cn"
c'•
,
. ", , "
:,.,
\
�TEL,:
AM EMBASSY BRUSSELS'
9: 48 No
J..
'/
"
I
and signed .by His Excellency Monsieur Celestin S i m r,
,
'.
"
Envoy ~traordinary anu Minister Plenipotentiary at
Brussels, Re,preaentat1ve of the Goverl'Ul'lent of
1 r. A10z
..
:~.
!:.:~e'Pit, D~puty
CCl!uud.ssioner
<}f
the
t'ni1:ed st:l te.1S .of' AlIler:!.<;!', Sir Desmond :.l ort on ,
~Oll1l11i6aioner '.If th~
I
GClVf.!tt1lI1Cni· of the Unite'(l
of the
COV'H"!llll1.m.t
KeD ,');.[Z,
Kin\~doUl
",f
.~,'
,..e.
,
r;r<.:<1\t
.
,
,
,.,"
/.
I
n~~\ut:i r:Ollunis:;!'innp.r
Commis:lioner ot? the Covernment
::,fthe Govcnunent flf '01' the .United Kirlgdan ~lf' Creat
Ul:o !Jnited ;Jt·,tes,
Britain and Northern .Ireland
01' !.l.I"l:i,~·',
Deputy
Corlllnis:sioner of' the
Government of the
l"),'f,mch H~public
,"
...-
lOC)3
P .08
�TEL:
9:48 Nolo03P.09
,I
.'
paiSJ-2 "
Draft identical letters tq the Ambassadors of the successor
states of Yugoslavia
Your Exce1llency,
1. I have, ,the honour toinformyo1l that the Tr'ipartite
Commission for the Restitut.ion of Monetary Gold should in
the
near future be in a position to conclude its work. with t~e
fin~l distribution to cl~im.nt countries of their share ~f the
gold pool remaining at the Commission's disposal. A brief
background note on the Tripartite Comntission is attached.
2. According. to the Tripartite Commission's records, in 1947.
the 'Government of the Fede'ratedPeople' s Republic of
Yugoslavia (hereinafter referred to simply as "Yugoslavi'a")
submi tted:a .,claim ·to the Commiss,io:t;1 for 12,264.92418 kilograms
of fine gold. In its adjudication dated 9 June. 1958, the
' '.
Commission announced its dec1sion to allow a claim for
3:243.44223 kilograms, ie 104,279.087 tr'oy ounces of fine
gold. Unfortunately, the amount of gold recovered .by the,
Allied Nations at the end of the Second World War was
considerably less than the totality of the claims submittea by
claimant c.ountries .and validated by the Tripartite commissI10n.~
In common with the other claimant countries. therefore.
Yugoslavia and its successor states willreceive1n total only
about 64%: of their validated claim.
,,':
3. 10 the: preliminary distr1.bution from the gold pool,
Yugoslavia received, 10,205.470. troy ounces of fine gold an~
then in 1958, Yugoslavia received 56,263.787 troy ounces. ~his
was a total of,24.639 troy ounces less than its entitlemenf:
an approp;riate adjustment has been made in. the final share l •
4. I attach also a copy of the waiver signed by the Yugoslav
representative on 2 September 1948 in respect of the gold pool
administered by ,the Tripartite Comm.is'slon.
.
5. The successor ~tates of Yugoslavia are now entitled to
receive their' s'hares 9fthe small amount of gold' remaining in,
the Tripart:ite Commission's gold'pool. These combined shares
have been. calculated at a total ,of ******- troy ounces.
I
6. As the' individual shares amount to less than one standa'rd
gold bar each, it is the intention that the shares should ,be
paid in currency, by cheque drawn on the Bank of England. I
7. I woul~ ask Your Excellency to inform me as soon as
possible of the. appropriate division of the final sharE! ini the
gol~ pool between the successor ,states of Yugoslavia. If this
can be done in the near future, I would propose that, as h~s
been the,n.ormal practice in the past. the distribution' take,' . "
place at the office of the' Triparti te Co:mmissi~m (which is now
located in the building' of the British Embassy at 85, rue
"
d'Arlon, 1040 Bruxelles) and that Your E~cellency be empowered .~
by your Government to accept the cheque on its behalf and ~ive
a formal receipt, for it. It will be necessary to'indicate ~o
the cheque should be made payable.
.
,
8.
hould add that a small amo~nt of currency will be
.
ined by the Tripartite Conunission until all its work has"
been completed. ,At that point, this money will, be shared p~o
rata amongst the claimant couIltries by cheque.' Unl.ess
. ,',
"
instructions are received to the contrary,. this cheque will be
I
I.'
,
,I
(£:2
'"
�RM EMBASSY BRUSSELS
TEL:
29 NOV'96.
9 : 49 No l 003 P. 1 0
made out to' the same beneficiary as th~ cheque "referred to in
paragraph, 7 above.
9. I trust that these propo~als\will me~t witbYour
Excellency's agreement.
'
Please accept, Your Excellency, the assurance of my
highest consideration.
."
:
�TEL:
RM EMBRSSY BRUSSELS:
,
"
29
~WV
'96
\V,AI'IlER
OF
C
:as:::' :i:~X:::~::O:1::=t:O:~S =r"
Envoy E.lttraordi:nary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the Feder~ted
I'
R.publio o£ YugoslaVia .in BN. . . l.,
Poop'"
the duly accredited Hepreaentativo ot' thnt Gover:nm.ent. hnving 1\.111
''\
HEREBYiDECLARES th.a.t,
j'
,IN CONSIDERAXION pFrecoiving tram the Tripartito C~ss~on for
tho,
Rest:it~tion
,'
'
,
I
of Monetary (;old. an Order upon thO Bank 01' l!:ngland
.cor
of monetary gold ;
a8 a
prel:1:ninary shilre
in
the' ciistr:1but,:1on
or the pool
i
,01'
Monetary 'Cold,
established by the Paris AgrolSlXlent on Reparation of' January
141 1?46~
i
and admini3tered by the Govornmente of the United States. tho United
OF WHICH ORDER he ht!treby acknowledges reollidpt. '
,The Govenunent ot'the !i'EllERATEP FEClPLillS Rl:':PUBLIC OF lUGOSI:AVIA
,
1'"
hero o;nd now agreos that',upon: recoiptor: its f'ull and f'ina1 ena.o ot: the
"
-,
I
"
poOl of Monetary Gold accruing to it. a8 ~ ultimately be deterw.inod by
the Tripartite' COC'1%D.1ssion for the Restitution of: llone'tary G01dj establi3hed
,
"
I
~n27 SePtember. 1946. ~er t~e terms ot:ro.ceroJ1C~ ~uhH~ed rth~ BW.~eti:r;
of tho state Department, in' the Landon ea.ette, and in tha Journal Off1oiel
de' 111. Repu.b11quo f'ranoaise.
j
Tho GovoX"Ilment ot' the ,.FEDERATED PECPLF!3 REE'UllLI.C OF .YUGOSIAVU
I
"
1.
any and all ola~s ror the Rest~tut10n of' Monatar.y aol4
,
I
�RM EMBRSSY BRUS~ELS
·29 NOI,) , 96
TEL:
-
9:50 NoJ003 P.12
2'
loot<:d by or ''Wrongf'ully removed. to c.erma.n,;y', or for ccmpensation
theref'or,:in the f'onlot,cUurJ.agefS'or,
a)
b)
,against Ge~;
otherwiElc~
and
againf)t any third countries which ma::I have acquired.
t:tuch.:Monl!ltf:U"Y Gald !'rOIl!.
Go~.,
I
but, only to ,the extent
thJit the 'l'ripart1 tEl COlIUl'Iiflllion for the Rel5t,i tution of'
Monetary Gold or the
Governrnent~
of' the Urdted states.
the United.' Kingdau. and France, aating on behalf of
the
:'ulicidc,;.o-v:~n:m(.mt~ si p tor1ea, to
the
t ' "
P~iB, Agreement,
.
J
.
,of: Jktuary 14, 1946, or onbeha.lf' of' other. countries ahaJ.:
{
ha.v~,f'1nall.y wai~ed.
2.
Ill\Y a.nd, all olaims f'ar tho re;Jti tution of' Monetary Gold error
or
Gold~
J
or
its several mel!ibera. Or the Gover:nmenta Of the United', States.
,
J
J
otherwi,~e ~a.inst the
Tripartito CCIllIIIisBion for the Restitut10n ,ot: Monetary
,
J
)
suoh olail:l8;
cc::mpensation in the :fo~ of da.ln&gos
~
J
J
j
I
, the United. Kingdam, and. Franoe. arising out of' theirexeauti.on
:.i
or the Wulda te set f'orth in Part III 01" the Paris Agreement on
:.J
, i
.l
, 'Repar&tion o:f Janu.a.ry .l4-. 194.6. and in Unanitnous Rcso1utionNo. '2
.:J
I
entitled:, "Gold transferred to the. Neu.tral Countries", included
,. i'
,
"
"
""'.
'by. the PIii.r;1s con..:ferenae ~Xl Reparation, No,!"er.nber !:I - Deoember 21 •.
1
1945.. ,i.n its Final Aot or otherwise;.
a)
with respeot to agrc~ent made with tldrd countries conoerning
the restitution,nf l~oted
gold acquired
by 'such countries
f'r ~ Ge.t'1'll.BJ'l¥;
b)
for any and all aots in connection with tne' dotermination
of' tho validity of the olaims of the
participat1ng~o~trio8.
i·
i
i
,
i
of the custody. dtstripution. or adminintration,ot" tho pool
1
1
1
YUGOSLlI.VIA ,
.1
1
~
J
�'.
':
TEL:
t~OV'
29
96
9: 50 No J003 P. 13
I
- 3
HEMBY ~CLA.RES its willingness. upon netieD t'rom the Tripartite
Ca:iRrissicHI Tor tho,
, o,B may
~estitUt10~'01'
}.ioneta.ry- Gold to contdbute I 'auch geld
be required l.11 prOpol't).on to the Bha.r8 which it has -been &11ocu.ted
,
I
t'or the payment of any claiui.a 1Nld8 by othe~ M.tj,ons and lodged with the
Commiaoion on or before Septe=.Qei 15, 1940-7. and wb:lch; having been <1i6- ,
allowed by the Triparti to Cl.'m'IIisj5Iion for the Rest! tution 01: Monetary
Cold.
may
in the.
subsequent'l.y be :t'ound valid by a ,competent Tr:1.bW1ollJ:l' it" 'a,ny.
even~
that
th~
amC)lmt 'ot'· gold i_ining in the POOl.otl14onets.z-y
Gold a.n4 subjeot to the distribution
,
the Restitution ot
.Monet~ Gold
01' the Tripw:t:i. te,
CCllllniu!;ion Cor
:Us inau1":r1cient to me..,t
auo~
I
Iclaim,,.
I
lXlN'E in Bruaselo thi~ seoond' day
or
I
.
SeP"t.ember. nineteen hundred
BJ'lIi t'orty eight II ,and signed by
Hia Exoellency Monsieur Miro Anaotasov.
Min1st~r Flenipotentiary at Brussels.
Representa.tive 01' tha Govei:nment of: the
OF YUGOSLAVIA,
IN WITNESS WHEREOF
.Mr. 1~ua8ell
H.
'.
Don'. Camm:iaaioner ('Jf the Government ot' ,the United
.
I
.
.
I
States ot' Amerioa, Sir Desln('JM Morton, KeE.· CMG. lAC. COD'IIlIillsiontU' of'
,
',. "
.
I,
the Gover:nznent of thd United Kingdom ot' Great Britain and Northern
"
,
'
I
IrelllIlli and Monsieur Jaoques Ruef't'; Cam:n.i:SSi('JM1' of the GoverlllllCnt
,
I
I
at' the French Republic.'
~ ~i0:0md~;A:;:::'~,
Ccmlldssioner of' the
Ocamd:;"ioner of.' tho' Go'Ve.rJ'llDl!lnt
Government ot' the
of' th8 United Kingdcm of' Great
United Stato8 of' America. Eritain an4 Northorn Ireland.
i
-Qcmm~sirloner'
"'. . . . . . 0
Qo~nt of ,the
IFrench Repu.blio.
�29,
TEL:
RM EMBASSY BRUSSELS
~W~J
'96
,
I
9,:'33 No.002 P.Ol,'
r z..
( r a t a ' anu::sngst the claimant countries by cheque.' Unless
instructions are given t'o the contrary, this cheque will b~
made, out to'the same. beneficiary a~ the cheque referred tolin
paragraph' 7 above. .
9. [ trust that these proposals will, meet with Your
Excellency's agreement.
I
Please accept, your Excellency.
highest c9nsideration.
i'
I,
the assurance of my
�RM EMBRSSY BRUSSELS
l
'
T
1
rl,.I,
IV
29 t~OV'
i<
t,
V
9:33 No.002 P.02
,
O,N OBHi\LF
or
Lhe Gover'nment, of tho People
'His 1,~xc'oJ..lcnny Narian Kl·:t,ak,
accredit.ed
R~present~tive
Vice t-linistcH"
of that Government,
Republil: of
16
of Finanoe
having
full
ptirpos~,
sufficient powers for the
Polalld,
the duly
:n~
,
i
I
H~RBBY DRCLAkES thnt,
IN CONSIDERAT10N OF r'e"eiving f.rom the Trip.:J.l,tite Commissio!
for the
Restjtu'~ion (Jf/'ion~tal'Y
Banl~
an Order upon ChI.:!
of
Gold
I
.
!:':ngldllu
for Twenty Nine, ThOUSand' 'l'hrec: Hund perl ."lIlU Tl.. (~nty sevonl.
fino
Tro~
I
ounces (29,327.551)
.s,5 i
I'
"
cir Nin(') IhUldred c:md Twulve.1 1888 rinekilog.i:'ams (912. U~88);
,
,
"
"
"lld
,I
an Order' upon the [Iedox'al I~escr'v~ Hanl..:: of
Ne~ York
I
fot' Fifty Thousand, Two Ilundx'ed and Thirty Seven, 938 fine
~oy ounces
or
(50;237.938)
.one'Tho'usaIld Five Hundred and Sixt.y 'J'wo:5745 fin,e
( 1: ~ 56 2 • 5 74 5 )
of'monJ:,tary gold,
l'epecscnting tho b::danne.
I
the shJ:ire of the, Governmont' of tho, People
de'scribed in the
annoiJ.nc\·!I~ent
<1S'
I
;~t 28 June 1976 of
'I
'
IS
I
kilograms
Rep';1blic of Poland J
of '28 June 1976,
as'
and t.he'Tr·f.pal.tite
Commission for Lhe Restitution 01' l\lonot'ax'y Gold r s
I
lettel' of 2 .July
i
c,'opif::'s of, which ."lre annexed hereto ~rld herGuy made 1'81"t hel'ec,lf.
1976,
,,
in the' distr'ibution of the Pool of.
~Iol'letary
to the' Paris AgTeement, on
Re~arat~on
by the Governments of the
Un~Ced
Gold,
established pursuant
of January, 14,
St~tes,.
,
' I
the UIll.ted
,
1~46'
and'! administ.er'at
Kl.ngdom and 'rr-allne.
I
I
OF WHICH ORPF.RS he hereby acknowlcdges J'ccoipt.
The Government ,6r the reoplel~ Republic of Poland here hnd now:
I
A~rces th'at 'l't~ceipt by i t of the .:J.llocation of Two, Thou~and Four
lIundred and S~venty FOllr.76:33 Idlog%'.:J.lns
,
l~t:t.OI'
in tho I Commission' S
ahare ' of , the' Pool
(z','474. 7633) 'of goldl spo<.:il'ied
,
I
of 2 July 1976 and cOrres pondl.ug to its
;"f ~loneta%'Y Gold Pl'c$(:mtly' available fo'r d~stri blttion,
I
toga'ther \With t.he r:ecuipt of it.s l:ihare of.
LIlly
'
'.
future acoruals to tho
1)001 aild of' 're::;el'ves thef'cfrom, constitutes l'a'ceipt by, t.he GbvcrTlm~l'lt
l
'
I
'
I
of the, Peopi;" 's Republic of Poland:of its full and final 5h81:'e of the
pool.
i
fURTllERNORE,
of
Tho, GOVC1'nmt:lnt
the, ,People
R(;Ipublic of, Pol.:J.nd,
IS
,
st.a~lclihg th.'lt' i,ts .sharc in :lny ac~:r:u;':\l::)1 ,to t.he
and, i n' any 're::>el'vesf'clcaset.! therefrom,
i
by the Governments
' ,
ut'
the,
'
lJnit~d
States.
"
',I
Pool elf Monettry Gol~
such as shall,: be 'detet'minn(l
"
1
the United
,subse"',ucntly to the signature of this document,
..,
I
on t.h~ 11IlcluI'
K'ingdom, ;and ,France
shall, bu del:ivcred to
1t as and wh(en SI.l.Ct' l:l<h.:J.re"shall become availabl.e Cor'
1
dd,~tr'ibutioll, '
,
'I
1
�AM
EMBR~SY
•
29 NO'J '96.
BRUSSELS
9: 34 No .i002P'. 03
I
liE R£BY WAIVE'S
1.
Any and all claims for the
restitution ofmonetaz'y gold
looted by or wrongfully removed to Germany.
tion therefor in the foprn
0('
or for compensa
da'mages ur otherwise:
(a) against Germany,
(b) against, liny 'third COttntl'ins which receive a distribut.ion'
of gold from the Tripaz'tite Gold Commission or 'th<,f
Governments of:' the Unitf::lil Stat.es.
,Prance,
and sign
B
Unit,ad Kingdom and
waiver and quittancB ~im1iar fo the
present one,
(c) agai~st ;ny third countrios \\Ihieh lIIa,~ have, acquired :;;uch
monet.~ry :~old
'-.
from
.G~rmany,
Dr to which sunh,monethry gold
may~3ve been transferred f~om Germany.
'
,
tl~.it.
exte'nt
"
,
bU,t ,only t.o the,
the Tl'ip.:u,t.:dtt:: ComJnission,fol'.'~he Restitution
of Monetary ~old or the Governmehts, .
.
' , '
oi
:
the Unite~ Stat_J,
the 'Unitp.d' Killgdum and pf·ance,act.irig on behalf of the
G~vernmcnts, '~igna~Orie8 ·"to tl,~e
Allied
.January
1:4,
Paris Agl'eemel1t of
1946 ~r' on'i>chalf oi' other count
. , ' shall'
have f~n~lly w~ived 'such cl~ims;'
2.
Any Dnd all ~la~ms for the restitt~ion of monetary gold or tor
compensation ,in the form of dHilla.ges or otherwise .:lgainst the
Tripartite. Commissioll (01' tho R(!stitution of Monet.ary Gold,
its several members,
.
or the Governments
,
?f
UlO United Kingdom and Pr':lnce, ar.isiIlg out
~he
ot
or
United States,
theirexecuti'on
of the mandat'c set. forth in Part II] ofthl::' Pari,s Agreement on
I~eparation of' ,J<tnuary 14. 1946', and in Unanimous l\eso1.ution
No 2,
erltit1tJ!u
iilcluded by
"Gold transferred, to the Neutral Countries
t~e
Parj.s Conre~'enee on
December 21, 1945.
in its Final' Act~
lHlt not ,by way of l:1,m:i.tation,
01",
II
November 9
or ot.herwise;
including,
any and all clliims for t.he
restitution of monetary cold ,or
uf damages
Rep~ratioll,
ro~'eDmpensation
in the form
otherwise:
(il) ,with respr..et to agreements lila~(~ with thir'd coun.tl'ics
coneernin~
the rcsLitutiun af looted gold
transferred 'to,
acqui~cd
slln!l counlt'ies from (-;ermany;
, (b) for uny uild all ",ets il1 eOlll1l1c.:tiun
1....
by,
or
and
1 til the d~te;rminatj,on
of the Y1.1J.iclity of the clairris 'of'. Lhe pa'rt;i.~:ipating
r.:ollntrics; Dr 'th('J custody,' dist'1'ibutlon 01' ~(III1:i;n:L8tl'iltion
of
the 1'001 of I'lol1fti.a1.'Y· Gold.
"
,.'
�RM EMBRSSY
8RUS~ELS
I
~~IJV'
29
TEL:
9:34 No.002 P.04
96
~
'~FtlltTIIERNORE ,
The Govcrnmunt uf the Peopl!.:!
IS
I
J<epub..l.ic of Poland
, I
HEREHY llRCLARESits "illihg'/leoo, apon not.ice from the Tripartite:::
Commi,ssio n for'
t~he
IJnit.edSt.::1tI:HI:~
mentsi of t.he
to th~ Commission
i~l
requirOd
Restj.t.ut'ion of
01'
r-Ione~ary
Cold, or from thor Govern
the United Ktngdoln and Frunct;!,Ito deliver'
.
....
"
to t.he said' Gove~'nments ' such gcild I~S ~hy
proportion :to
.i't'S
be
shal-'e as .set 'forth in the comkis.s:i;"11I.s
letter of 2 July 1976, for the execution of ,my decision Of! a
cOlllpri~ellt
tribunal, if any"
.
I
in the event t.hat the amount ofj gold
available at sllch time for distrib\ltio/l is insufficient to katisfy
,
such dc<.:isiun.
The GovcY·nment. of the ·'1'eopJ.o, I S
,
.
ItepubJ,lc.: ut' Pol una
.
ALSO, AfPIIDIS its undur·standing that tho present waiver cancels
and supersedes all othor waivers signed in Lhe
G,over,n~f'lnt ?f
the People's Republic of
I~olana
p~.st
on behalf of t.he
in respect of 1 any
pre;liminary distribution of the Pool of Nonetary Gold heretofore Inade;'
. ,.
.
"
tic.~~
·
,
. ....-'-"
I
DONE at Drusseis,
,day of' Ju y ni.neteen, hUIHlrcd and
seventY-Six':,','·
r ..
and $ igne'd by
His Excellency Mat'iaIl
. Representative
oj~
Kr~a'
j
c::::::::1'\
,
.,19-)
I
o,il l'oL:md
l:.ht;! Covernm.ent of ,the
IN WITNESS WHEREOF
Ruih H lhillips,
Ameri'Ja',
COJluni~sioncr' of the
Government.
Ian Sinc:lzlil', Winchester,
;
of
COlnmiSiioner .of the
.. d StaLer:;
.Gover~mont
. Grc~t Hrit.ain ,~nd· Norther'n 'Ireland, .'and JJ~Il'
.
r
Unit.ed Kingdumof
L~mp~rie~'e, ; Commissioner of, the Government 'of the french Re~ublic:
have he~eunder'affixe~ thc~r respective signatures.
j
t.uJ. /I·1tPr
Commi~siollCJ'
, ,
Commissioller'., .
uf
ut' the
Commilssioncr
�EMBRSSY BRUSSELS
"
v~
TEL:
H
'
Dra::--: , ·'::!':::er, to the Greek, Arilbassador '
,
I
You: ::...-~~ lency.,
1. : .?::~ +:he honour to inform you that the Triparti te
Con:m:..:,SL"::'1 for the ,Resti tution of Monetary Gold should in the
nea: =:.:-:~ be in aposi tion to conclude its work, with the
fina_ :.:..::r.:=ibutionto claimant countries of th'eir share of the
gole. '~~, ::-emaining l a,t the Commission' 5 disposal. A brief
back<;-_=:: note on the Tr:(parti te Commission is attached ~
2. AE' -::::. Excell'ency may be aware, in 1947, Greece submi tted
a c'!'~ .::: the Tripartite Commission for 7,441. 7344 kilograms
of :::;;;.: '';:':ri. In its adjudication dated 9 June 1958. the
COlDDl:"ltl..:-::: ;mnounced its' decision to allow a claim for 83.7330
!tilo;::-;:::::rr., ~e 2,692.078, troy ounces of fine gold.
'Jnfo:--~;,..!.y. the amo'unt of gold recovered by the Allied
~latic~- ~- :!leend of the' Second World War was considerably
, less -::C:::' -=.e totali i:y of the claims submitted by claimant
:oun~-: __ '~d validated by the Tripartite,Commission" In'
::olIllllD:.•..,-_: -:he other claimant countries, ·t'herefore, Greece
·... ill:~'::."!-onlyabout 64%, of its v?J,lidated claim.
::.. Or: - .::::p.: 1959. Greece received 1,607.530 troy ounces of
:'ine ;::,,~'. -:::, i ts comb~ned prel iminary and quasi \f inal
'cistr::.;.-:--. ...:l'l;. This was 0.007 troy ounces less than 'i t5
sntit~~
~ appropriate adjustment has been made' in the
. calcu,i::-...:::; it' the final share.
~. I c..:.~. -:- .i'ich a copy of the waiver signed by the
::=preS!!!:":"'""::-:q of Greece on 29 May 1959 in respect of the gold
:;;:001 a.t:::;;;::':':~~red by the Tripartite Commission.
S. The ~ent,of Greece is nOW,entitled to receive its
:=.:.:.are ::- ,,;.;;, ,mall. amount of gold remaining in the Triparti te
~isE::::"
Told pool: This share has been calculated at'
... ****.,- '-;'-: :llnces of fine gold. As this share amQunts to
less t.nr ~ 'iltandard :bar of g01d.i t is' th~ intent~on that
-:.:.e pa~' ,:r.nuld be made in' currency by cheque drawn on the
3a:nk
0:
==~
;'
5. I, p.l. .....-:-:~t •. 'as has be~n the normal practice in the
?c.st. ~. ..;;:-:-ibution take place at the office of ,the
:,.,:,par:::::; ..;.;;anssion (which is now located in the building of
-:.!:e Br:-:...:..:.:·::zs,;;sssy at 85, rue d'Arlon, 1040 Bruxelles) and
-:.'::..a1:, Yo::-=·, Leney be empowered by your Governmerit to accept
-::m. cb.et;;..;;.,;·: ::9 behaJf, 'and !;'ive a' formal receipt for it. It
':l..:l ,be ~ry to' indlc;ate to whom the cheque should be
:::oa:tte pa~",
.
'
-, r sb.c:::..._~ that a small amount of currency will be.
::a'!3.inec ::~'';;'''!'ripartite Commission until all its work has
:ee:l ccm::;:..~ l.t that p,olnt, this money wi 11 be shared pro
;a-:::a ~";;.r. claimant: countrieshy cheque. Unless
-~ruc~"-~~'g1ven to the contrary, this cheque will be
::aem ou-:: -: >"'lame beneficiary as the cheque, referred. to in
: .a:ragrap:. '~.
•. : tru:- :..;. "!lese 'proposals will meet with:Your
:.:: t:a 11 eI::7 . ~men t .
'
.
\
!Ulols
If>
the
3ufficient
ng l'rom the
Urder upon
\ 1d. sev~n.537 \
\
\ llI\3
I
I,
~ibution
\
01'
\
I.
ie United .St..., tel
i
I
\
\
I
:t.ovrledges ,~'e:cei;
i
, \
I
',-e\ and. noW ~r;el>
i
ot' monetary 1301<.3
\
COillillis s i 011
ll'ti te
\
I .
,
. lepfUflIl.ler
194b.~n
;" .J)cpartlnen t. in
.qu·r~n'u" ..
\
for tho'restttuticn
t
'ullY'\rcmoved to Gurll;
,
--v., Your Excellency. the assurance of my
- ",,:.es't :::::::-.....;..:..... tion.
"\
th,
\1 Hepara tion ot
I
?le&:i:7
I
.~r~:\
<h.
I
.\'
\
,'on,
or ,.
�29
TEL:
RI',! Et'1BRSSY BR'USSELS
~~OV'
96
I
9:36 NO.([)02P.06
I
I
'"
(b) again:! t
third countries \vhich may have
!l.l\Y
. aoquired :; uch moneta.ry 13 o;Lcl. frc'Ill Gorl/l~;' but
only to the extent that the Trip~rtite C~~niBs10n
for the Restituti.on of Monetary 'Go,lcl or. the
('..oVQITl1f1erl
ts of tho llni ted Stu. tes. the United
Kingdom and Franco,
actin~
on behu.l.f or the
lUlied Covernmentesigno.toriesto the ·Par~
AijI'CElrr.ent of 14 J£l.nu<:1.ry
1946. or
on bQh>:\lf of
other countries, chAU ho."ceJ finally waivetl ::Iuch
I
2
'J
olairn:l ;
rulJl', ruld llll ol.:dms t'or the res ti tution ';;)f monetary
gol(1 or fox' compennn tio~ 'in th"
Hes ti tvtiot\ of' ¥,ionetary Gold.
•
of, d£tJrul.ges
01'
Triparti tu Comnis:sion for the
otl\(!!"Wi:;:o o.gUi;lf.l t the
•
'fOI11l
I
.
Ql'
i
.
tB
Stlveral memhers,
or tho Goverl1Juents of' tho United :::It{ltc6, the United
K1ngr,lolTl l.'.nd Fro.nce.
aI':L~ing
ou.t, of their exeCl.tion of
tl~e m!1.nd".tc ~et fort.hin ?art III. of the Fnrie: Agrcolnent
on Hepara tiun of
i4
.Jnn·.lary
J,946
and in' Untu1:LlUoU!l
Itesoluti'on NQ 2 entitled 11'1011:1 tro.n. .,ferred to the
.
N(!utrll.l Countries II. included by the Paris Conferenoe
. on Hepo.r<J.t1on. 9 November - 21 1Jeeell\bor 194.5. in ita
Fin..'ll. Act,;
('J.) VIi tb renpcct to' Ilr.:;!-Uel:lent:; made with thin). countriea
':Onc..:rni n.'; the rca ti tu tion of J.oo tedeol<.1 o.CqUil'ed
by ~-;utlh coul"lh'ic!l 1'rorn Ue nnD..T\Y;
(0) 1'01' <lllY mill £::11
II,Ct:::
in l:onn/3-(: HOn With the
I
I
I
PCtr;:t:i.<;ip::\tiruj cuuntr:,,!~
Or
G('
the cuztod.y. cli::;triblltion
ndlllinidr.... tion ut' I;h~ pool ot' rnonet:-~r:Y '~old:
I
!
I
'1
,
.,
�2 P'.O
9,:36 No
29 NOV'96
T,EL:
Rt"1 Et~BRSSY BRU
llillliBY D'::Ul..iJti:.!.:i it!: \'lil1inglle:;;". qpl.ln IlfJtice l'l.'~:HI Lho:; 'l'l':i~,,,,rtit
. COlllmi!.;::lion 1'01'
tl1~
lWS ti t"tiou of .,lonet:'J..':cy ::.ollj.
tu' clmtl'l.1,",IJtu
£ll;
may be l'l:)l1lli1'I:Od ill 'propol"1;i'm to the
t'or . the [.'4}'lnr.::ni.
Cemll.li:~~d,on
~)1'
"hlll'C I/ili.:;h
any cl,_ililB IllI:l.do by other
li~'
on or bef';lre 15 !.:ieptel,lbcz' 1;.t47 <l.nci.
~ClJ.Q
:,UWI
,1
"
i t llu.:.; beell ",:&,1.0(.:", L,!u
\;iun,;;,; liwl lOI.JC10 l'Ii th tile
T ,
";{hlCh;~laVingl beem
111:3 .... 110\·/
. by the 'J'riparti te COinmis:::;ion t'o:" L1HJ He:;; ti tution 01' i,ll,mutlUY J.o.l.w.. I.i.::,y
::iubsBquently be founcl vuJ,id ,by
~t
competent ·';"r'ihunul. 11'
IJ.nyl
th~
in
I
tha.t tb~ i:lniount ,of <.lola. .relilOl.inin,g in the pool of' rl'.onetar,Y tl,?ld tina
t;'V"llt
f;UUj(:C'
1;
,I
nill(.)teen hunurac1 ~nd. i'it'tY"'l'linu.
"
I
1:£1 Wl'l'in::SS ,111J.:.:H.l:).)li'.
Colon.l J .,.. ',-"SOtl,
~.oc... t~'y ,,,,,,.,.,1 0"
'
thc
'\"
:
~r"iPortit'S\~t~"iO" ,'.or:
I
,i-<t!B t i tu tien of' I.•one t",l'Y Gold.
I
I
I
I
I
1r1 tA rr
.l
SeeJ.'t.:ta,ry c~e!1e.ral.
'l'riparti te Con~ni::ution COl- the
j<eati t.u ti
'91:" -Mone t!l.l"}"G.olU.
on'
�Rr-1
TEL:
EMBASSY BRUSSELS
29 ~~b'v '96
I
I
9:36 No.OO2 P'.08
<;
PaysC-2
I
I
i
Draft letter to the Belgian Minister for Foreign Affairs etc
Your Excellency,
1. I have the honour to inform you that .the Tiipartite
Commission for the Restitution of Monetary Gold should in fhe
near future be in a position to' conclude its work, with thJ
final distribution to claimant countries of their share, of :the
gold pool 'remaining at the Commission's ·disposal. A brief I
background note on the Tr,ipartite ,Commission is attached.
2. As. Your Excellency 'may be aware, ,in 1947, the 8elgi'an
,Governmen~ submi tte'd a claim to . the Triparti te Commission for
204 _.868 .0736 kilograms of fine gold. In its adjudication,
dated 9 June 1958. the Commission announced its decision to
allow a claim amounting to 1~8,433.84l7 kilograms, ie
I
6,379,796.141 troy ounces of fine gold. Unfortunately, thel
amount of gold' recovered by the Allied. Nations at the end of
the Second. World. War was considerably less than the totality
of the claims submitted by claimant countries and validated by
the Tripartite Commission. In common with the other claimartt
. countries,' therefore, Belgium will receive 'only about 64% 6f
its yal1dC?-ted claim.,
..,.
.....
','.
.
I.
3. In t'he preliminary distribution from the gold pool, Belgium
received ~ total of 3,718,263.139 troy ounces: and in the' I
.
second.\quasi-final distribution, in 1958, Belgium receivedra
total of 372,948.269 troy ounces. This was 34.716 troy ounces
in excess if its entitlement; an appropriate adjustment has
been made: in the calculatic,n' of the final share.
. .I
'4. I attach also a copy of the waiver signed by the Belgian
representative on 28 October 1947 in respact of the gold pbol
administered by the Tripartite Commission.·
I .
S. The Belgian Government is now entitled to receive its share
of thEi sm4ll amount ,of gold remaining in the Tripartite . ' . '
. Commisaion's'gold pool. This share has been calculated' at
****~*****. troy ounces of fine gold.'
'
6. As it ~111 not be possible to divide the gold in the gold
pool exactly in accordance with the amounts due to each
claimantc:ountry, the final d.1str1b.ut10n will comprise gold
and the minimum necessary currency.
7. I propose that. as has been the normal practice in the
past, the distribution take place at the of·fice of the
Tripartite Commission (which is now located. in the building of
the Br.it'i~h Embassy, 85, rue d'.iirlo,~ . .l040 BruX~lles) and ~hat
a representative of Your Excellency's·Government be empowered
to ~ccepton itsbehaif and ~1ve a formal receipt f o r '
irrevocable del iv.ery ord.ers for gold on the Federal Reserv~
Bank of New York and the Bank of England. and a cheque for a
sum of currency_ It ~ill be necessary to indicate to whom ~he
gold should be consigned and to whom the cheque should be made.
payable~ .
I
.
I
i'
I
I
..
I
�AI'~
EMBRSSY BRUSSELS '
TEL:
"
'
29 NOt)' 96
'9:37 No 002 P.09
8. Your Excellency will no doubt be aware that as a result of
the, provisions of the agreement between the Banque de France
and the Banque Naticinale'de Belgique of 8 and 9 October 1944,'
all shares inttie gold pool .3.1 located to Belgium
,the paSt' "
have, in fa.ctbeen distributed d1r~ctly to the, Banque de
France. r'assumlF! that the'same will apply to the 'final
distribut::ton, and that the recip1ent'ofboth gold and. currency
will be the Banque de France.
'
"
I
9. I should add that a small amount of currency will be ~ i
'
retained by the Tripartite ,Commission until all its work has
been completed. At that point, this money will be shared p:to
,rata
amongst the' claimantcouptrie Sl ' by cheque. Unless
,i "
instructidns are\given tothe~ontrary, this cheque will be
made out to th.esame ,beneficiary as the cheque referred to 'I in
paragraph 7 above.
10. I trust that these proposals w{ll meet: with Your
Excellency's agreement.
I
in
I
I
I
PleaS!e accept, Your Excellency, the assurance of my
highe'st 'consideration.
, ,
,I
'
"
I
I
I
',I'
I
I
I
,I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
,
�AM
, TEL:','
EMBA~SY'BRVSSELS
29 NOV'96
"
,',
'
OJ! DEHAW" or thB
',.'
,'
:(iovQrl'Ullen~
,,'
9: 37 Nol 002 P, 10
~,
of OELOIUlJ,
I
His Ex,~e U(mcy .t4CJl'ls'ieur, Gabriel DUQtl'ESNE
l&V;INE~ t
WA'lZLET' ell:)
I
D,clog&.te of BEI.GIDlI to the IntlllT-Al11cd Repar&tic:tl8 Agenoy,
tho duly accredlted
H~!Jresl:lntativG!
I
i
of that (}.:>vornment, hav;inc full: and
I
, ou1'1'icicnt ?O~ler9 .fur thpc l'urpol>a,
,I
1
\
J
,
j
i '
" Hl C0i'J;:)IU!::l~I\TluN "ul" recciv:inc £l'om the 'rripurti te Commis'sion l\n' 1:.110
ltest1 tution of ~:jonetary fio l'd , an Order
'York for
.
'r-ilenty cil!ht
UPQIl
I:.ile )'<'ederal !tosorve Ba'nk of New
I
I
,
Five ,t'lundred "-'.Uld
-
thousl:Uld three 'hwlI:lrod a.nd
. 1',
,
,
fine 'rruy 01JJ').ces (!)28,.3?i~51J),u~,
,
~
,
,I
ninety, iune •
,1
1
Sixteen thousand f'o':U' hunCtrec:i ami thirty four. 8155' fine kilu~rain.hlaS
,
of l'lOnctar',.' [old, .:lnd un urdcr 11pon the 'l,:..ilit.su....
.r
nov,~rnor
')[ tht'!
statas Zone of ucc'upa tion ",GenllD.ny, ,fur
i
Two m;U1..1on throe tl\.1l1~irerl o!1ndcir,hty 'bix thousa.nd anc..t :l1xty ~leh:t. 022,
1
tine Troy ounc:es(2,J86,068.022), or
, Seventy i'o'.Jr thous<lnd two hundred and fifteen. 021? l'1no
Jdlo~r1:l1lIf-!s
,I
at'monetary gold.
'-13
.::J.
prlllllm.1nar.r shar~, in, the <lis\;,ributionof
, I,
t:1Gl!
1'901 or
rnonEltal:'Y ~old;e1::'tubl1.shed b'l the Paris Ar;reement 'un llcparatl o n ofl~anuiJ.ry
14 tho 19/.6, ~~nd ',~dmini.:s tOl't!cJ
by t:.he I'lov,n'runon t~ u[ Lhc: Uni toed ;.; t.ut'es,' t:.h.:~
' ' ' ,
I
!
01" './lIIel!.OIWERS h,e hereb:t acknc.)'(tledge~· recfl1pt.
,
I
United. Kinedomanc.l l?ranee,
,
)
.. 'fho Government of .ilELOIUl.i here am:;' now agret:!9 tha.t." uponl receipt
,
"
I
of its full and nnal share of the POOt of, 1,Ionetary r:Oldaccrlrl.nf{
. .
"
"
.'
It.u
it,'
I
as may ultimately be deterpl1ned by tho Tripartite Comr.l1s:3ion for the
,
He,st1tutiun of l.lonet.ary
(JOld"~stablish~d
,
I •
dn September 21th, 1946, '!under
i
, ,'I'
t.erma of rcrcrcnca published 1n the Bulletin of· the ,:'ll1\te Depl.I.rtment
I'
,
..''1
!
the
�RMEMBRSSY BRUSSELSI
TEL:
29
NOV'9~
9: 38 No . 002 ·P. 11
~
.,;
~
London Jazette, an~ the Journal Officiel de la Rep\J,bllqua francaise,
THe Government of OELOI11,{,
'.1ILL JAI'J'E
1.
,Any and all claims i'ar the restitu.tion of l.1onetary (lold lootod by
"
or''I'1'''on",fully removp.d to fier::lany, or i'or' comf,H!msation there(or, in
.
the forf!! of d.::l.tnae-es orothen'tise;
a)
,
il.ff,aLnst :"sermanYi arid
b }aqai.n3 t tbircl countl."ios, which may have aC'1ui1'cd n~ch
:.:onetary (}old from GermanY J . but unly to t:1C
ext,ent~hat
the Tr-ipartt ta Commission' fur the ;tc:lti t\\:t;iotl 01 1,!onctary
:!Oid or the ('iovrH'llIncnts' of t.he United Stutes. the United
Kincdom ilnd france, actil1:.t on behalf of t.ile Allied
\;0
Gov~rnmcnts
the ?aris.\r,reement o.f ,January l..U th, 1941, •
. Qr 'on behal.f of other countries shall 'have fin?llyvfaived
such cla.ilJl.l3;
.,.,
....
il.ny and all claims for the Hes I:.i tuti.on of Uonetary Gold or'
,
compensation in
tl'~
ror
[ann of damllr,os or othel"\nsCil :If:<l.inst the
'rripart:JJte Commission.f~r the? ltestitution of Uonetary Gold',. or its
I
.
.
.,
·se,verl.\l merriber!::, or the r;overnmonts of the Uni ted State's, ·the United'
Kin;:-dom. and. l'rance, ari!.linp:
set i'ortjh in
Par~
011t.
of their excclltion of the mandat.e
III o.f tho Pari!: Agreel'lcnt on Heparation of'
JanWlry . :l.hth,.19lJ6, .:.md·1.n UnanimOu:il 'R.esolution :10. 2, ent1'tl(l)d,
"rzOld ·t;.ransfp.rred
Lo
tho Nau.t.ral .coimtriosll, included by t.he
Pari" Cohterenca on ,{eparat1on, i'fovp.lnb.er 9th -.December '21st, 19h5.
iri 1 ts Fillal Act. a I." othen"fiee;
•
b)
.for. GOy and ,g.ll ac t:i in connectton w.l th the cc:tQrmina t.iol'!
of the va11r.li ty of the claim.,
t)
r . th", pllrtl Ci11;:t tint; countri cs
;
.. /
I"~
�AM EMBASSY BRUSSELS,
.
9: 38 No, 002 P.12
29 NOI,)"
TEL:
I
lJr tho cu'st.:;Jdy, i::tistribut1dn, ur acJministrution, 01' the
I,
I
pool o.f i.!onetary (",uld.
I
I
rX.ll'IE in
:JrU!;lscls the t"'lcnty oiKhth
d~y
.
I
I
uf October, 19l.!7,
\,
anctsip;nad by
,
Hia Exoellency Monsieur Gabriel DUQUESJ(E WATEUr 4e
lalVI.NELiE .
I,
'Delegate of BElGIUld to the Inter-Allied. Reparations Agcm.cy ~
, I
1
I
Hepresentativoof tho GOY!'=rnment or
.. ---'
t.
IN, ~'ITNESS .'/H:c:ru;:OF:
DE.LGIU~
'I.
I
I
LU
·----::------l
I
I4r. Alex J:l. Daap1t, Deputy Commissioner of the Government of the United
I
I
States o£ AmeriCa., Sir Desmond Morton, K.C.ll., C.M.G., lA.C., COmmissioner
. I'
I
Government of
o.f the (1ov€lrrunent· o£the United Kingdom of' Oroat Srii;.a.1n and I/ortnern
Irela.nd, and l.Ions;i.ellr Jacques Rue!!, COllmdssioner of the
F'rench
I
tho
I~epublic:::,
have hereunder affixed their rGspectivs'signatures:
-,
~
3dJtUfo't
Depl.lty Co'rnm;tssioner of
the QQvernrnent of the
United States of AmGrica
J~_!'--1!
Commissioner 0:£ the nOVOrTUnent of
the \in:!. ted Kingdom 0:£ Great
Rr1 tain and tlorthern. Ireland
CommisJioner of
, the noverriment of thir
French I nep l.1.blic
�m1 ElvJBASSY BRUSSELS ,
TEL:
29 NOV'96
9:39 NoJ002 P.13
I
PaysG-2
I
Draft letter to the Ambassador of Luxemburg
:
I
,Your Excel leney, \
,
'
i. I have: the honour to inform you ihat the Tripartite
Commission for the Rest1tut1on of Monetary 'Gold should in the
near future be in a position to conclude, its work; with th~
final distribution to claimant countries of their 'share ofl the
gold pool remaining at the Commission's disposal. A brief,
background note on the Tripartite Commission is attached. I
2. As Your Excellency may'be aware, in 1947, Luxemburg
i
subm1 tted!" a claim to' the 'I'riparti te .Comm1ssi,on ' for 4,317.228
,
•
"
I'
ki lograms of fine gold. In its adjudication dated 9 .June 1.958,'
the COl1lmission announced its decision to allow a <::laim fori "
4.223.7040 kilograms. ie 135,795.236 troy ounces of ,fine gold.,
unf~rtunatelY, the amount of gold recovered by the ~llied I
Natl.ons at the end of, the Second World War was consl.derabl.y
,
less than the total i ty of theclainis submitted by c1aimanti
countriesl and validated by the Tripartite Commission. In J
COJNllonwi:th th~ other claiman,tcountr,ies, therefore,Luxemburg
will receiye only about 64% of its vaiidated ,claim..
3. In the! preliminary distribution from the gold pool.
I
Luxemburg received atot,al of 62,031:.854 troy ounces; and lin,
the seconp\quasi-final distribution, in 1958. it received I
"
24,113.045 troy ounces. This was 0.011 troy ounces less than
1ts entitlement: an appropriate adjustment has' been made i~n
th:~ calculat ion of the final share.
,
'
I
4.'1 atta,ch also a copy of the waiver,signed by the
'
I '
representative of Luxemb~rg on 28 October 1947 in r~spect of,;
the gold pool administered by the Tripartite Commis,si'on.
5. The Government of Luxemburg is now entitled to receive its
share of the small amount of gold remaining in,the Tripart;ite
Commission's gold pool. This share h~s been calculated at
*****t***, troy ounces of fine gold.
'
"
I
,6. As, it ,will not be possible to divide' :the gold In the gold
, pool exactly in accordance with the amounts ~ue t6 each
cialmantcountry, the final distr1bution will comprise golld
and the minimum necessary currency.
'
,
'"
/
7. I propose that,as has been the normal practice in ,the I
past, the distribution take place at the office of the
,
Triparf:;it'e Commissio~ (which is now located in the buildlrig'of
the Briti'sh Embassy at 85, rued'Arlon, 1040 Bruxel1es) arid
that Your ,Excellency be empowered by your 'Government to ad:cept
,on'its
behalf and give a formal receipt for ~n irrevOcabl$
,
delivery:order .forgold on the Bank of England and a cheq~e
for a sum of currency. It will be necessary to indicate to
whom the 'gOld should be consigned 'and to whom,the cheque i
should be made payable.
' I
8. Your Excellency may be aware that as a result of the
I
Convention agreed in February/March between the Bangue de!
France and the Ca1sse,d'Epargne du Grand-Duche de Luxembourg,
all Shards, in the gold pool a1'10catedto Luxemburg,1n the 'past
have in 'f~ct been distributed directly to the Banque de
france. r' assume that the same will apply to the final
distr1bution, and that, the recipient of both gold and currency
I
will be the Banque de France,
"
I
I'
I
i
I'
I
I
,
"r
�Ar'1 EMBRSSY BRIJSSELS
,~
TEL: \
'\:~'
""t.,.,,..
!;"
29
t~OV'96
9:39 Noloo2 P.14
9. I should add that a small amount 6f currency will be ; .1
retained by the Tripartite Commission until all its work :ras
been completed. At that point, this moc~~ will be Shared ~ro
rata amongst the claimant countries by ;heque. Unless
i'
instructions are:given to the contrary, this cheque will be
made out to the same benef1~1ary as the.cheque referred to' in
paragraph' 7 above.
.
.'
I
10. r trust that these' proposal s wi 11 meet wi th Your
I
Excellency's agreement
Please accept. Your Excellency, the assurance of my
highest consideration.
I
.,
I
�;
...
",:'29 ,lr~ol.J' 96
TEL:
RM EMBRSSY gRUSSELS
I
iEHA.LF
'ON
9:40 No 002 P.1S
of the Government of: ll.IJCEUBtJRG.
I
111:'$' Exc:ellc~y !~ansiel.lr Rc:jberl AL3. Minister, of' Lt1XE1dBUR'c At
the duly accredit I:I'd Repl'"e3cnta ti vc of' that ,Governmcmt having full, o.n.d
, , j
,Il.
l!Iuf'fioient powers t:or the pu:i:"pose.
H£REBY
D~l'..A.m:S
,
that,
,
IN CONSIDERATION OF receiving tram the Tripartite ccmmislion for
",' I
"
the He~ti tution ot Monetar:/ Cold, an Order 'upon the Federal Heae.rve '.I:3a.nk
New ~crk for
. '••on thouBand two hundred and forty
~Thre.,
.1%.
of lIulnctary gold
01"
916 <ino< Troy <ounc.'1<11 ,24£.918)
hundred a..nd forty· nine. 8183 fine lcilogrlUlllDos
St~te8 Zcme
o .r
I
I
a:na.
'(349.~1B3)' ,[
,
, I
an, Order upon tho LU1:i.tnry Covernor of tho UriJ,tod
Occupation. Ce~. f'or
Fi,fty thousand seven hundred ,and eighty seven. 9,6 f'ine Troy cn.J.no~s
(50.787.~,6). or
One
,thcu~
five hundred and seventy nine.
6816 f'ine k110grammes
I
, (1. 579.6816)"
',
I,
gold, as
"A ~relimd~ share in thedi&tr1bution of tho pool of:
,
I
Monet~ Gold, established by the Paria Agreement on R8p~ation of January
,
.
"
I ' "
9f'
monet~
'~4th) 1~46" and,~dminiBte~ed
,
','"
I'
by the Governments of the United States'
Un! ted Kingdom and France.
OF WHIen ORD::.RS he herei.Jy acknowledges reQeipt.
the
I
Tho C~vernro.ent of' W~ here and now agree., that, up~n ' receipt
I
,
'ift its full o.nd. final
~ultil:l:l.u.tolY
I
I:lharoo~ tho pool of Mone.tary Cold, accruing 'to
ih as
R~stitution
,be dd.tertRined by tho Tripartite Cc:iIlmisflion f'oi- the
t?fMonetary Gold established on sePt8lU~l!Ir 27th, 1946. under terms 01''
1
re1"erencepubliahed in tho Bullfli;in of' the State Department, tho Londan
Gaz~tte
and tho Journal Orrieiol de 1a
Republ1~e ~anoai8e.
'/
I
I
.. -/- ...
�•f
WILL WAIVE
'1.
? '/, I,
I~ ,';' ~ ". "".'. " '.
,.,
;"/
TEL:
AM EMBASSY BRUSSELS
29 NO'J' 96
I
Any and all claims
t:or the Hest:ltl.l.tion at: Monetary Gold looted. by
"
.
,
or wrongtully.removed to
Ge~,
or
t:~r
compensation theret:or, in
the ·form' ot: damages or otherwisej
.a)
nga.inst GeI-many; and
b)
against third countries which m.ay,h.:l.ve ac::quireii such
monetory e6ld f':rQlfl Germa.n,y, but only to the «:,xtent that
, the Tripartite Col!lmiaaion for. the Reatituticn 01' Monetary
Gold or the Governmentp.of the United staten, tho United
,
Kingdom and France,aoting
on
behalf: of the. Allied
t
Go~ernments.
'1~th.
Signatories. to the Pari!)
Agree~ent
e.f' . J"anuary
1946, or on beha1t: ot: other· countries shall have
t:~nally waived such olai.ms ;...
2.
tUlY and ~ll olB.ims for the ref3titut~on ot: ].{.oneta.r:r Gold or far
. ,
oompensation
in: the form of damagei,· ,01' otherwise a.gainst the
,
•
,
Tripartite Comniesion
1"01'
.
I
the Restitution of Monetary Geld,cr·
its sev8~ai II1.CIIllber:3. or the GovertllU.ents o;f. the United. states. the
Un1 ted ingdom and ~"rance. ar,iaing out at: their execut10n ot: the
K
~tll ,Slit fo,rth in Part III o!'the Paris Agreement on Rel'laratio~
J"~uary 1~th, 19~~
1~ ul'lAl'l.im~u~
Resolution No.2',;entitled,'
,
.
." Gold transf'orred to tho· Neutral countries, inol.uded by the, Paris
"of
and
.
Conferenoo on Reparation, November ~th - December 21st. 1945, in
it~
Final Act, or otherwiso;
a)w:i.th respeot to agreements maue \'rith third coun-,:ries
'.,
o~noerning the rpst1.~u:tion ef:looted c01d Iicqu:1.red by such
countries
b)
tram
Garmany;
f'or fUIY and a11 acta in oonnection with tho determinat10n of:
the vnl.idlty ot'
the~
claims. of tho
participa.t1~
oountries
oi- the custody, di::ltribution or, Ildc.inistrlltion, of the pool
../ .....
I
�• "I.
).'
RM EMBRSSY
, TEL:
~RUSSELS
'.~ : .' , ..
.'
29 NOV'96,
9':41 No "\002 p" 17
I
I oj.
I
I
DONEi.n Brussels the twenty eighth d.ay of' October, 1947.
a.nd signed by' His Excellency Monsieur Rcibert ALS, M1n16tor,
I'
B1"\lS~ela.'
of LUXEJdBORG at
I
I.
Representativo ot' the Governmerit of'
WXEMBURG
1
I
III lVITNESS WHEREOF:,
" , i
l.[r. .Uex, B. llaspi t. Deputy Commissioner of'
,
'
'
subs,', Sir. 'DalllDODd ~QD;;
"
toe
'
GoverllQlen't of' the Uri ted
'
,
x. C~ll~'., C~K.G. t,,]!J~ e ..,,'
I
Carmissioner of ~be,
i
GOve.rnment of' the United Kingdotn of Great l:lrit,ain and Northern Ireland,
1
, and Mons1m.u- .1a.cqucs"R'uef'f. COIlJmif~.I3ioner of" the G-overnruent 'of' the
•
.
t , : '
'.
,
Frenoh Republio
. '1
have horeuniler at'!':i.xed their res!>eotive ::lif.~naturcs;
I
I
1,
~t/J.Jl,~I"
Deputy
ComnUssioner or thCl ,
COlI'lIllisB,1oner' of the Government of'
Government of
the United Kingdom of' Gro!:lt Britain
and Northern Ireland
'
the United state~ of' America '
,'I'
}.
,
I ~IL
~i
-..'.
"
I
CCI:lmi"sa1oz;er, of','
the Ccvernment of the
French Republic
,
I,
�,!"
AM EMBASSY BRUSSELS '
L
TEL:
'it
•. '
29
r~OV'
96
9 :41
r~o
.100'2' P .18
paYSD~-21
"
I
I
I'
Draft let;ter to the Ambassador of the Czech Republic
(.,
Your Exce'llency "
1. I hav~th~ hono~r ~0.~nf6rm you that ~he 'Tripartite,
I",
Commission for the, Restl. tut ion of Monetary Gold should in Jthe
near future be in a position to'conclude its work, with th'e
'final distribution to claimant countries of their share
the
gold pool remaining at the Commission's disposal. A brief r
background note on the Trip~rtite Commission is attached.
'
2. According to the Tripartite CO,mmiSSioniS recordS,' in 19 47
the Czechoslovak Goyernment submitted a claim to the
Commission for 45,008.2784 kilograms of fine gold. In its,
1
adjudication dated ,2C! February 1982. the Commission announ:ced
its decision to allow a: claim for' 43.999.3638 ki lograins, "i'e
1,41-4,612..391' troy ounces of fine gold. Unfortunately, thei
amount of gold recovered by the Allied Nations at the end of
the Second World War was considerably less than the tot,ali:ty ,
of the claims submitted by claimant countries and validate'd by
1
,the Triparti te Commission~ In common with the other cla1ma nt
countries', ,therefore, Czechoslovakia and its successor sta!tes
will rece~ve in total only about 64% of their validated cl~im.
3. In 'the' preliminary distiibution.from the gold pool,
j
Czechoslovakia received 195,283. 854 troy ounces of fine 90lld
,and subsequently, 119.279.745 troy ounces' (=3,710.0148
'
kilograms,) of gold recovered direct from Switzerland by
.1
Czechoslovakia· was deemed by the Tr1part1 te CommiSSion to Ihave
formed .part of the gold pool and was the~efore counted ag~inst
the Czechoslovak entitlement. Then, in 1982, .czechoslovaki~
received its quasi-final distribution of 591,573.190 troy I
ounces of fin~ gold. This was 1,081.442 troy ounces lesa tban
1 ts entitlement: an appropriate adjustment'· hii1s been made· in
the final' share.
I
4 .. I attach also a copy of the wai"ll'er Signed by the
·1
Czecho~lovak' representative on 20 February 1982 in respectt of
the gold. pool administered by the Tr1part1 te Commiss10n.' I" "
5. The successor states of Czechoslovakia are now entitled to
receive their. shares of the small amount of goid remaining in
the Tripartite Commission's' gold pool. These combined shares ..
have b~en' calculated at*****~** troy ounces of fine gold.i
6. As it .w~ll not be possible to divid~ the gold in the gdld
pool exactly 'in accordance ,with the· amounts, due. to each ·1
claimant .country. the final distribution will comprise golid
and them,inimwn necessary currency.
.
I
7. t propose that. as has been the n~r~al practice in the !
past, the. di.tribution take place .at the office of the
I,
Tr1partite Comm.ission '(which 1;s now located in the build199 .of
the British Embassy. 85, r~e d'Arlon, 1040 Bruxelles)·andlthat
Your Excellency be empowered by your Government to accept Ion
its behalf and give a formal receipt for an irrevocable
i
delivery prder for gold on the Bank of England and a cheque
for a. sum' of currency. It, will be necessary to indicate td,
whom the gold should be consigned .and to whom the. cheque I
should be made payable.
.
.
.
.
i
8. I should add that a small amount of currency will be
Of!
I
I
�'.
I
RM EMBRSSY BRUSSELS
1
TEL:
29
~~OI.J'
96
9:42 NoJooip.lg
I
t ..
.
i)" 7.
,
i
ret<;lined .by the Tripartite Commission unti 1, all its work has
been completed. At,that point. this money will be shared pia,
rata ampngst the claimant cc>untrie's by cheque . Unless
I,
instructions are given to the contrary,' this cheque will .bJ
made aut'to the same beneficiary as the cheque referred to lin
paragraph ,7 above.
'
[
9. I trusi thaf these proposals will meet with Xbur
,
J
,Excellency's agreement...
,
10. Before 'proceed1'ngwith'the final distribution, :it, will be
necessary to establish the appropriate division of the share
of the former Czechoslovakia between the Czech Republicancl.
Slovakia. ,I should be grateful if you would communicate th~S
tti,me as ~oon as po~s1ble.
I
I,
Please accept, Your Excellency, the assurance of my
highest consideration.
I
1
I
. I
I
!·
,
'
�SY BRUSSELS
.,'.
TEL:
29
9:42 No 002 'P. 20
NOV'96
,
l)~r ,:"
''''/:''':LLll '0 ..' 'L •. ,~ . :·,)VcJ.'n:':leU't
,:a· ·....:~~~,..;l:O.3LiJ,r.. !"J,:I4~
His Bxcellency Monsl.eur l;elestin S i
'~1,
r, ':'::nvoy
.. _:."
, I
One:' ilunq,l'eci (lni.:.!. n~nety :t'ive thouza.nd,
t\'{O
'llUl1ttl"Cci
,ll.:lci
ei.rhty e:itht.D)S'(195.2i.,)t3.(»).5) I':'ne t::.'oy ounces 0:( .,·old
or
I
.1
I
;;.w .L'l',!;:lO::1t::; 'of tile united St.. te:;;;,
I
-...j'....... n"'e,
unitc:u. K':'nr,u.ol':I,. ani4.
t;lc
·0.t."· ,; .J:0(i' O(Uj.c.'!-t 'he hersby o.cl::l1o"deQ.:~e::; l·e.;tii~)t,
'!!,e G-ov rn!'nent of'
l"(,j':':t:':':);';
.)l'
i;';';j~<':!!O!jr,Ol,J<I(,'
its I'u1J. ,.:..nu. i'in:,.i,l ;;;hG.l·e
~..:<.:ru:~n' to :i.t, "":; :;ll..\yulti:~,~t;oly
''':ri!Jl.i.l'l,;itt.: l:O::L,li:.;;;;ion ,t'C;;l'
,,;;to.bli::h.::cl,
em. 27
b"
tlw l'o::>l n:r'
,."tcH·/fIiaoci.
.'
tal,,: ': "[li;i.t'.~ti<,,n'
3C1!)t'c;!!\uc~r,
.iH.. ulit:;ll~d i l l tj~o .i.lullct~ n ox'
Lon.'..on I,;"'zette. wOli in
01'
li
he1'e ;,no. now Q.,.:rees
by
>.:l t
11:',011
i,ol.1'
1.:Onet<::'17
I
I
-:':l.e
I
I
1~4.6) u.nucl· tOr-rt\1l ');: .rel'e.·e:~c;C:
I
ti,r:! ~t::J.te DCl?a.rtlacnt. ,in tile I
.)1' l,;on..Jt,:;,rJ•. ;';'o1iL,
-:::lC Journal O!'.t'iciel ... 0 1:..
. I
.
Hc:puiJ11rll"'-O
, !
I
i
I
.:H,T. :I."l. If!:!
1.
;JJlj ....nCl .... 11
j
cL,d.lil:l I'or the :-(c::;titutioa,
,,'i: ,..00net4l.'y
I
«.:.>It'! 1,,,,1: cd. by or \from,l'ul,l:;r rOLl<.!>veu. to ;';'vl-::lany
l
.
... /' ~ "
.
�1
:,
I
I
'
Withdrawal/Redaction Marker
Clinton Library
DOCUMENT NO.
AND TYPE
DATE
SUBJECTffITLE
11129/1996
re: Activity Report (1 page)
001. list
RESTRWTION
I
. Pllb{l)
This nlarker identifies the original location of the withdrawn item listed above.
For a complete list of items withdrawn fronl this folder, see th;e
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet at the front of the folder. i
COLLECTION:
Clinton Presidential Records
Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets in the U.S.
Art & Cultural Property Theft
OA/Box Number: 40415
FOLDER TITLE:
[Gold-Related Notes] [12]
jp72
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - 144 U.S.C. 2204(a)1
Freedom of Information Act -15 U.S.c. 552(b)1
National Security Classified Inform~tion l(a)(I) ofthe PRA)
Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRA)
Release would violate a Federal statute l(a)(3) of the PRA)
Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
financial inrormation (a)(4) ofthe PRA)
P5 Release would disclose confidential advise between the President
and bis advisors, or between such advisors la)(5) or the PRA)
P6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy l(a)(6) of the PRAI,
b(J) National security classified information (b)(I) of the FiOlA)
b(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of
an agency l(b)(2) ofthe FOIA)
b(3) Release would violate a Federal statute (b)(3) of the FOIAI
b(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or 'financial
information I(b)(4) of the FOIA(
1
b(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy l(b)(6) of the FOIAJ
b(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law eitforeement
purposes l(b)(7) of the FOIAI
b(8) Release would disclose information eoncerning the regulation of
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA)
b(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
. concerning wells [(b)(9) of the FOIA]
Pl
P2
P3
P4
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed
of gift.
PRM. Personal record misfile defined in accordance with 44 U.S.C.
2201(3).
RR. Document will be reviewed upon request.
:
1,
, I
I
I
I
I
I
I
:
I
I
�-~
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
International Trade Administration
March 25, 1997
To
Bill Slaney
Judith Barnett
Lisa Lubick/Judy Liberson
From: Ambassador Stuart E_ Eizenstat
Under Secretary
for International Trade
I just received this.
and cross-check.
Please verify
1. Was there credible evidence the
TGC gold pool was tainted with non
monetary gold?
2. Wasn1t TGC gold intermingled with
gold of Bank of England and payments
to claimant countries from Bank of
England impossible to distinguish?
3. Did Ms. Gill Bennett shed any
useful light on the issue of victims'
gold in the gold pool?
4.
This has anecdotes which enliven
it.
Is there a way we can make our
report more readable?
5.
[Judith Barnett note: Bill
Shouldn't we also mention that the
gold was not assayed?]
FORM CD-82A LF
(REV. 10-93)
DAO 214-2
c.
�,
•
•
Sidney Jay Zabludoff
2129 Bancroft Place NW
Washington, DC. 20008
t.
Telephone (202) 265-4977 .
I
1
September 11, 1997
Ambassador Stuart E. Eizenstat
Undersecretary of State
State Department
2201 C Stree\ NW
Washington, DC 20520
.
I
Dear Ambassador Eizenstat,
I
Gregg Rickman of Se~ator D'Amato's staff suggested I send you my recently
completed study "Movements of ·Nazi Gold". One of its key conclusions
would be especially.important in your effort to have th~. gold still remaining in
the Tripartite. . turned over to holocaust survivors .. This
Gold Commission fund
. to
•
finding is thafsome $260 million (roughly $2;6 billion in tbday's prices) in gold
seized by the Nazis was non monetary gold taken from individuals and
private businesses.
,
Besides presenting the first estimate of non monetary gold, this study
provides a much more comprehensive and accurate accounting of Nazi gold
movements ttian earlier estimates. It took nearly a year to complete and is
based primarily on documents at the US National Archives, including material
just made available by the Federal Reserve Board and the US Treasury
Department. J am an international economist who worked for the Federal
Government for 32 years and undertook this effort on a pro bono basis;
Your thoughts on this study and how I might release it would be much
appreciated.. What is important,l believe, is making the information available
at this time, when it can be most valuable, and ensuring an accurate historic
record.
�,
,
,
;
MOVEMENTS OF NAZI GOLD
By Sidney Zabludoff
KEY HIGHLIGHTS
-The Nazis looted at least $850 million in gold frori11933 to 1945. In ,today's
prices (shown in parentheses below) that amounts to $8.,5 billion.
-..Of that sum:
--$590 million ($5.9 billion) was monetar:¥. gold held in the vaults ofthe
central banks of occupied countries on the day the NaZIS invaded.
--$260 million'($2.6 billion) was non monetary gold taken from
individuals and private businesses. This includes:
--$1 00 million ($1 billion) seized from German citizens from
1933-1939 under regulations in which the maximum penalty Jor
noncompliance was death.
-$80 million ($800 million) coerced from individuals by the"Nazi
controlled central banks in occupied countries. The same stiff
penalti~s were imposed as in Germany.
!
-.,$80 million ($800 million) taken from individuals by the
vyehrmacht, SS, etc. in occupied territories.
--:-Switzerland was the first stop for 85 percent of the $520 million ($5.2 billion) in :
gold which the, Nazis expended mainly on buying strategic goods and serv~ces
from foreign countries during the war years.
i
i
--Switzerlan~
still owes at least $200 million ($2 billion) and more likely $300
million ($3 billion) if it is to conform with the February 1943 Allied declaration
that all looted gold handled by neutrals must be returned after the war.
"
--At war's end, the Allies found more than $300 million ($3 billion) in gold in
Germany and Austria or more than a third of the'looted gold.
I
I
�.
,
"
DISCUSSION
A we'alth of reliable and detailed"information has been collected on the gold the
Nazis looted during the World War II. It started with the British early in the war.
Once the United States entered the picture. several military'units and civilian
agencies began churning out estimates. In both cases the objective was to
prevent the Nazis from using their ill-gotten gold to buy strategic materials. In
February 1943. the Allies warned the neutral countries that they would be taken,
to task for acceptance of the looted gold once the war ended.
'
, !
,
I
'
,
I
g~ld
In 1945. Allied occupation forces set upon the task of finding the
remainingl
in Germany. determining its source and returning it to its proper owners. The
bulk of theunospent gold was found along with the records of ~he Rei,chsbank, th~
central bank charged with handling gold. Three key Reichsbank officials helped
interpret these records and ,provided the insider information needed to track the
bank's gold flows. They were the very knowledgeable Albert Thoms who for
I
.
,
many years headed upthe bank's gold department; Emil Puhl, vice president
and member of the bank's directorate; and Karl Graupner. head of the GoldAffairs Branch of the Foreign Exchange Department.
j
!
I
\ .
,
I
Starting soon! thereafter. 'the' issue was inte~sively examined for more than a '
decade by th~ Tripartite Gold Commission (TGC). an organization formed to
1
determine the' validity of the claims of the European governments ,
from which the
, ,
"
. . "
I
gold was stolen. The accumulated material was so minute that; for example, ani'
individual stolen gold bar' cO,uld be traced by its bar numb'er as it moved from, i
country to co~ntry. Finally, a number of books have been published since 19801
describing the Nazi plundering of gold.
'
!
'I
I
Based on this 'rich data base, this study provides a full accounting of Nazi gold I
movements. ,Although a number of preliminary estimates of the flow were
1
prepared during the war and partial ones thereafter, there has never beefl a fulli
accounting, Moreover, no attempt has been made to estimate the vast amount!
of gold the N~zi regime stole from individuals throughout Europe.
I
!
THE FRAMEWORK
I
A simple accounting flow model is used to ensure that all elements of the gold I,
movements are considered and to provide a fra'!lework for judging the reliabilit~'
of the weakest components. It shows where the gold came from and where it !
went. More precisely, the .model has two segments that must equal each other.;
The amount 9f gold held by the Nazis on March 12, 1938 (Austrian "AnschlusS"i),',
plus the gold looted or purchased from outside of Germany must equal the-gold:
,
I
2
�,
,
shipped from Germany to other countries, plus net domestic usage and the stock
of gold remaining in Germany,on June 30, 1945.
The study distinguishes between two sources of the looted gold. The vast
majority came from central banks (so called monetary gold) throughout Europe.
Most of this gold was sitting in their vaults when the Nazis invaded. An
exception Was gold from Belgium and Luxembourg which had been entrusted to
the pre-war French monetary authorities and moved to Dakacin French West
Africa. Under pressure from the Nazis, the Vichy Government allowed the gold
to be shipped fo Serlin.
,
I
In addition, the allies considered as monetary goldJ.hosebars and coiosto.cQQ!y
purchased from individuals by central banks in occupiesL,countries. Immediately
after the Nazis' occupied a nation, they instituted regulations requiring all citizensi
to turn their gold into the central bank in exchange for currency. that only could '
be spent domestically. A separate estimate is made for such gold obtained from
individuals even though it was classified as "monetary" gold by the TGC.
The remainder of the looted gold (ca"ed non monetary) resulted from seizures
, instituted by the Army, SS and other police units in Germany and the nations
captured by the Nazis., It' includes bars and coins as well as gold contained in
jewelry, art objects and dental work that was taken as war booty and from
concentration tamp victims. Although this nonmonetary category lacks
-sufficient infor: . '
ed estimate its'
'be au e by
allowing it to be the residual or balancing amount after considering a" 0 ~
elemenJs, Th~ estimated numbers in all other categories are considered highly
reliable, reasonably'accurate or too small to have a significant impact on this
stu~y's conclu;sions,.
Unofficial looting of gold andgcild laden articles unquestionable took place by
individual soldiers ar'ldpoliceman as wel(as high government officials. Both"
Germans and ~their collaborators throughout the occupied territories were
involved, The collaborators likely accounted for a the largest share of this·
pilfering, as they possessed the best knowledge of where individuals in their
locality stored gold and often lacked supervision, Gold looted by German
soldiers seem,ed to have been minimized by the strict discipline imposed on
them and the considerable emphasis placed by the regime on ensuring the "
centralcollection of all gold.
!
,
I
I
Most of the gold was kept by the looters and rarl?ly entered government coffers. ,i
Since the tota,1 of these many small scale thefts are extremely difficult to gauge
'no estimate is made of old seized from individuals and
ivate loot is.
As the war was ending, however, azi leaders escaping from Germany did take
, some gold with them and this amount is estimated,
L
.l
3 '
�,A separate estimate is made for non monetary gold the Nazis took for German'
citizens between 1933 and 1939. Under Nazi regulations, gold as well as other
liql;lid,assets that could be sold abroad-such as foreign currencies, stocks and,
bonds-had to be turned into the Reichsbank for reichsmark,a currency that
could not bespeht or invested abroad. The maximum penalty for
noncompliance was death. Although these regulations originally 'were
introduced to help overcome Germany's foreign financial crisis, they soon
became a means of confiscating assets. This was especially true for Jews and ,
oth,ers who wanted to leave Germanyor protect their Hquid assets by depositin9 j:
then) abroad. j ,
"
,
"
"
I
I
Gold is valued at $35 an ounce (fine) throughout this study. It wasthe official, i
price used thr~ugh much of the 1930s and all of the 1940s. Gold is now set at a ~
daily market val~e. A rough approximation of today's value can be derived by !
'multiplying the: study's numbers by 10. For example" $100 milli9n at the historic I
value amounts to aboutone billion dollars in today's prices.'
'
The dollar amounts in this discussion are rounded to the nearest ten million
.
dollars for major categories and million dollars for sLib categories ,Elven though ,:
the table rounds to the nearest hundreq thousand dollars. Although most of the
gold estimates shown here are considered highly reliable, as with similarj
estimates there are a number of minor problems:.forexample, using various
~
exchange rates (Swiss franc or' reichsmark) to obtain a dollar value. Rounding
the estimates in such manner has no impact on tbe r.elative magnitude of the
numbers and or on the conclusions.
•
I
a
GOLD AND THE NAZIS
,
Ouring the intr;awar years, gold traditi'onally was used by governments to back
their domestiC' currencies and as a means fpr buying and selling goods, services!
and financial assets in international markets. Most often, ~hisprecious metal'
was the major'component of a country's foreign exchange holdings which also I
included currencies--such as the US dollar and the Swiss franc--that wereconsidered sOjund. and were freelyc6nvertible into,gold or other turrenCiEls.j
G~ld enjoyed.8 reverent aura.and the stock held by a nation was a key measure ,I
of Its economic prowess. '
. '
,'
"
'
I
i
i
Ger~any
. In 1930,
held a respectable $1 billion in gold reserves. But by mid- ,r'
1934 they plummeted to $55 rnillipn as result of a financial and economic crises:!
To rectify the pituation, the Nazi government required all Germans to turn in their
gold and foreign liquid assets to the Reichsbank in exchange for reichsmark. AS.
a result of the' gold collected and the liquid assets exchanged for gold in foreign!
markets, the Reichsbank's,gold holdings began to rise slowly during the 1930s.
The rise reflected newly ¢onfiscated gold increasing somewhat f<;lster than the I
amounts spent on imports to, support economic recovery and an arms buildup.
I
4
,
�.
,~.
, .
.
i
.
I
Immediately Defore the Nazi took over Austria on March 12, 1938. gold reserVe~
amounted to only about $150 million. By any measure these holdings were
i
paltry. For example, France held $2,564,million in gold, the UK $2,689 million I .
and the much smaller countries of Holland and Switzerland had $1,,089 million I
and $648 milliontespectively: The inadequacy of the German gold holdings car
best be gauged by how many months of imports they can buy. French gold was
eqLiivalent to ;18 months imports, the UK 7 months, the Dutch 13 months and th~
Swiss 19 months. The comparable German figure was less than one month.
I
.
. I
Partly as a result of its foreign exchange constraints, the Nazi government in th~
1930s denou~ced the exist,ing gold standard, Gold n? longer was used -to back:
the reichsmar;k.. In the international sphere, trade was conducted mainly, througr
. bilateral trade clearing arrangements, Payments via gold or convertible foreign I
' .
I
exchange were made only as a last resort. Indeed, In the late 1930s Germany I
asked SWitzerland.and other countries to payoff any trade impalances in
j
commodities rather th,an financial assets. :
r
Before the outbreak of World War II, ,major gold markets were operating in Newl
York, London" Amster?am and Zurich. The Germans used Zur.ich mainly to bUYI'
and London to sell the rel~tively small amounts of gold they transacted in ,
international markets. In 1937, for example, about half its gold imports were
from Switzerland and less than five percent of its foreign sales were to that
i
coantry, From the Swiss perspective, less than ten percent of the gold that
moved in and out of the countrywas from Germany.
I
German foreign gold movements were small and reflected special transactions
during these.pre-war years', Facing foreign exchange constraints in late 1936,
the Nazi government declared an amnesty allowing German citizens who failed I
to turn in all their gold and foreign exchange under previous regulations an
i
opportunity to do so without penalty. About one-third of the considerable foreign
I
exchange collected was sold in SwitZerland for gold in the first ·half of,1937
which in turn 'was shipped to Germany, In the last half of the year, most of the I
acquired gold was sold in the London market to pay for emergency imports of
grain needed to overcome a drought. For the year as a whole, foreign gold
;
I .
. sales just about equaled purchases.
'
!.
"
I
Germany continued to acquire gold mainly via Switzerland. Major boosts camel
in 1938 and 1939 from gold held by the Austrian and Czechoslovakian central !
banks,n,Swi~zerland which was turned over to Germany ands~ipped to the
Reichsbank ip Berlin. Czechoslovakian gold also reached Germany 'via BankBf
Internation~L~ettlements (BIS) accounts in London and Amsterdam--B§
.
I
described later in the looted gold section. Other German gold inflows during
these two years about matched outflows.'
I
. i'
�',:.
~
"
Starting in 1940; Germany used Switzerland almost exclusively for hand.ling its I
gold and other foreign financial ~ransactions with neutral countries. The Nazis of
course would:not use London or New York and occupied Amsterdam fell into thJ
reichsmark area. About $10 million in gold received from the Soviet Union in th~
first quarter, fpr example, was deposited by the Reichsbank in its account at thel
""Swiss National Bank (SNB), the countrtscentral bank.
!
I
1
I
I
ESTIMATING: THE COMPO NENTS
Initial holdings
,
]
The monetarY gold held by the Nazis prior to the Austrian "Anschluss" amounted
to_-_n_ea_r--=ly~$-:1_5--:0-;;-m~iW2n. See Table 1 which provides a summary of all
1 '
components ~f the gold movements. The number comes from a study prepared i
by the Office of Military Government for Germany (OMGUS) dated November 14,
.
,
I
1945. 'It is based upon the records of the Precious Metals Department of
Reichsbank and interviews of Thoms, Graupner and Puhl.
j
I
I
The actual monetary gold reserve number is from January 1, 1938, since
I
, available data are semi-annual. Changes in these stocks during the next two
and half months likely did not amount to more than $5 million, according to
i
German and Swiss trade data. Thus, the possible error rate for the $150 million!
figure is not more than three percent.
!
i
I
,
'
I
A further breakdown of the $150 million reveals that it consists of $29 million in i
published reserves and $121 million in,rlidden reserves. These hidden reserves
were further subdivided into three accounts.
:
--Trehand ($75 million) According to Albert Thoms, this hidden account :
was known to:officials of the bank as the "new Juliussturm", a phrase which, they
explained, ref~rs to the gold rese"rve built up by the Reichsbank for World War I i
and stored in the Julius tower in Spandau. From its inception in November 1935
until war's end, the amount in this account changed little.
I
I
)
:
,
--I;sservat "Der" ($19 million) This account was established on March 25:,
1937 and was the most active. Much of the looted golq and foreign shipme"ots=-.. i
were handled'via this account. Although it was never entirely clear, the
I
movements in and out of this a'ccount seemed to have been directed by Herman!
Goering for use in the country's Four Year'Plan.
.
r
--QQld Ankauf ($27 million) This was a suspense account which took in ,
gold from the German citizens under the exchange control laws adopted in 1933:
and later from gold looted from captured countries. Although much of gold
remained in this suspense account for longer than usual, it eventually was
credited to other gold accounts .
6
�.. , '
Table 1
MOVEMENTS OF NAZI GOLD
March 12, 1938-June 30, 1945
(millions of dolla~s)*
't,
Initial holdings
Looted
Monetary
of which
Belgium
Netherlands
Austria
Italy
Czechoslovakia
Hungary
Greece
Poland
Luxembourg
Danzig
Yugoslavia
Albania
Non monetary
of which
SS "Melmer"
-? Other looted
149.1
753.5 '
670.8
222.9 (a)
163.8 (a)
102.6 (a)
78.0 (b)
42.6 (a)
32.2
8.4 (a),
7.3 (a)
4.8 (a)
4.3
3,8 (a)
0.1
82.7
"
I
,
,
I
I
I
27.2
Foreign shipments
Switzerland
438.0
of which '
'378.0'
SNB 4/40-6/44
SNB1/40-3/40
'10.0
Banks 4/40-12/41
20.0
30.0
From Italy 1944
79.6
Other of which
Rumania
53,8
. Greece
8:0
Turkey
5.5
Japan
3.6
Slovakia
2.0
Sweden
1.7
Other countries
5.0
Other 'uses
Organizations
Industrial! artistic
Individual
Total
307.8
I
4.0
7.8.7
Foreign purchases
USSR (prior to 6/41) 23.0
4.2
Japan
End of period balance
Reichsbank monetary 256.0
,of which
In Merkers'mine
238.5
14'.0
,Found elsewhere
Missing
3.5
Other monetary
32.2
Hungary
32.2
Non-monetary
19.6
of which
SS "Melmer"
2.0
Other looted
7.0
Foreign Office
10.6 -
929.8
517.6
I>
-J
10404 .
' 34.4
60.0
10.0
929.8
-----------------------------------* calculated at $1,125.275 per kilo of fine gold.
(a) Includes monetary and forced purchases of private holdings in exchange for
reichsmark: Greece, Poland and Yugoslavia mainly private holdings.
(b) Includes $9.4 from Yugoslavia and $7.4 from France which Italy looted.
�Only a small share of the Reichsbank's $150 million in gold reserves was held ,
outside of Germany. During 1938 and prior tothe outbreak of war in September
1939, nearly all these limited amounts were withdrawn from New York and
I
,London.' As of September 1, 1939, a small (but unknown) quantity was
deposited with Swiss banks including $2.1 in the Reichsbank's account at the
BIS at the SNB. Because these external holdings are already included under I
reserves and are relatively insignificant, they have no impact on the findings of I
this study.
'
I
,
!
Gold experts, including those in Switzerland, in the late 1930s clearly knew
!
about the smqll size of the German reserves. Knowledgeable estimates at the I
time of gold h~ld by the Germans in early March 1938 tended to be less than th~
$150 million actual amount For example, 'th,e Federal Reserve Board figure was
$113, million while Paul Einzig indicated ,in his book Economic Warfare that the !
reserve number for 1939 is 50 million pound sterling or $250 million. This,
however, includes $145 million in gold taken from Austria ~nd'tzechoslovakia.
The comparable number for Ma,rch 1938 is $105 million.
'
Looted
Monetary
I
At a minimum; the Nazis looted $750 million ingold from the territories they
occupied in Europe. Of that amount, the bulk--$670 million--came via the
monetary authorities of these countries. The situation could have been-much
worse. Before the war most European states moved nearly all their monetary
gold to safehavens, mainly the United States.
',
"
The looting st~rted with AJ,lstria in March 1938, and by '1940 the Nazis had
snatched nearly ninety percent of the total. monetary gold taken during thes,war
Three countries--B~lgium, Netherlands and Austria--accounted for three
quarters of the looted monetary gold. The only large seizure in the latter year~ I
o(ihe war was $78 million in Italian gold which the Nazis moved to northern Ital~
after the Mussolini government collapsed. In 1944, it was shipped to Germany.
The Italian gold included nearly $17 ni'illion ofthe metal that the MI Jssolini
re'gime had...ereviously looted from Yugoslavia and France"
,
I
,The stolen gold provided a more than adequate supply to meet war time needs. :
Indeed, Germany's gold reserve at war's end was double that of early 1938. The
I
ability to utilize the gold to buy imports from countries outside of Europe was
severely limited during the war,as a result of the'Allied naval blockade. Nearlyj
all the captured gold was spent in neutral European countries for goods they
produced themselves or obtained by clandestine means from other countries.
Within the Nazi domain gold was rarely used to pay for imports. The major
'I
exception was Rumania which received $54 million in gold, mainly for oil.
7
�,
'
The monetary' gold numbers are highly accurate reflecting detailed records of ,
the Reichsbank and of the European central banks that were looted. The TGC
spent years combing through these figures and validating their reliability. Thos~,
controversies that did arise were not about the numbers, but mainly from'
determing whether gold taken from citizens via central banks after the Nazi
,
invasion was monetary gold under the charter given the Commission. For most i
countries the ~mswer was yes, but for relatively small quantiti~s of gold seized
from Greece, Poland and Yugoslavia the claims were turned down. For
!
estimating the overall flow of Nazi gold, the distinction makes no difference. All ~
of the loot was, shipped back to the Reichsbank in Germany. In total, the amoun1t
of gold seized from citizens via central banks 'exceeded $8n million (see table 2);. '
i
i
)
Special note heeds to be made about the $12 million in Czechoslovakian gol,d '
originally held by the Bank of England in 1939 Under an order from officials of I
, the new Nazi-dominated National Bank for BOhemia-Moravia, the Bank of
I'
England was asked to mov'e the gold from the account of the'old National Bank
of Czei::;hoslo~akia at the Bank of England to that of the BIS. The BIS then on its
own books de,bited the amount it held in the Bank of England and credited its
account at the National Bank of Amsterdam an'd then had gold shipped from
Amsterdam to Berlin. Thus without physically moving gold out of England, the
Nazis were able to acquire the gold owned by Czechoslovakia.
i
'I
I
In March 1939, an additional $15 million in gold was physically moved from the
BIS account at the SNB to the Reichsbank in Germany. These funds had been:
held by the BIS for the National Bank of Czechoslovakia; After occupying the ':
Sudetenland, 'the Nazis insisted that Prague transfer the gold to them; The BIS i
accepted the view of its German representative who indicated the BIS should nQt
take political consideratio.ns into account in deciding how to deal with its
;
interests in areas absorbed by' Germany.,
Non monetary
The amount of looted non monetary gold can not, be estimated directly because
only fragmentary fnformation exists. 'A reasonable approximation of its size,
however, can be derived- by aliowing this category to be a residual. 'All other "
categories are either well documented or can be estimated with a high degree of
reliability. T~ if the accounting process is to be balanced. the non rrio~fY,
looted account would have to b_e at least $80 million. The number probably is , '
higher becau~e the estimate of industrial gold usage (which is the least reliable!
category) is very conservative (see pages 15-:16). A larger industrial use
number would raise the non monet~ry gold number (the residual) by a similar
amount. It i!:? ~urely within the realm of possibility that both industrial use and
thus the non monetary gold figure are some $50 million higher.
'II
I,
8
,
�i·.
I.
.
I
i
. Table 2
NAZI CONFISCATION 'OF GOLD FROM INDIVIDUALS
I. .
VIA CENTRAL BANKS
..
I
IN OCCUPIED COUNTRIES· .
.. March 12, 1938-June 30,1945
(millions of dollars)-
Netherlahds
Austria
Greece
Poland
Belgium
, yugoslavia
Czechoslovakia
Luxembourg
39.9***
14.6***
8.4
7.3
7.2***
3.8
1.1***
0.1
I
.I
I
Total
I
1
84.2
•
,.
--~------~------;----- .
..,
..
..'..:.,'
I
I
. * Based on do'cumented claims submitted by governments to the Tr.ilateral Gold I
Commission; excludes seizures of gold by the Nazi military, SS and other police
I.
units.
.
..
.
-calculated at $1,125.275 per kilo of fine gold.
**"These amounts included as monetary gold as defined by the Trilateral Gold
Commission.
I
.
.
.
I
!
I
I
I
.
I
I
.!
,"
•• J
�I
,I,
What is known:
\
",
i
I
--Wehrmacht booty was turned into the Reich Treasury which sorted andl'
, disposed of it'andreceived all receipts from its sale, Most goods with an artistiC'
value, such as diamonds and jewelry, were sent by the TreasurY to Municipal ,
Pawn Shops, mainly for sale abroad. Smaller items with a high precious metal •
content, such, as rings, were shipped to the Prussian State Mint and larger
articles to Oegussa, the major German precious metal smelting firm. Gold was
extracted and the resulting bars sent to the Reichsbank. Seized gold bars and
coins, other precious metals, currencies and stock certificates were delivered :
directly from the Treasury to the Reichsbank.,
"
,
1
I
I
!
-SS booty from concentration camps and elsewhere was delivered to the
,Reichsbank ~<?r inventorying and was dispersed in the same way as the
"i
Wehrmacht booty. Gold teeth and bridges were melted down by the Prussian ;
State Mint, refined into gold bars and returned to the Reichsbank. §9me 7£
:
shipments from the SS were'received by the Reichsbank from 1942 to 1944 with
I
an estimated value of $20 million. Its gold content was valued at som~
mjlliQ.o... All re~eipts were deposited to a secret SS account at the Treasury,
under the name Max Heiligf?r, and ref.erred to as the "Melmer" account ~ the i
, SS officer who delivered the stolen items to the Reichsbank.,
i
,
,--Non..;monetary gold obtained by the Reichsbank, in most instances,
became a part of its monetary holdings, For example, the v<;3lue of the gold
. looted by the $S and prought to the Reichsbank would be credit'ed to tH'e '
,"Mel mer" acc9unt in a reichsmark equivalent. If the SS wanted gold for an '
overseas operation, its account would be reduced by an equivalent amount of
. reichsmark. The gold it received would not necessarily be the same bars or
coins it originally deposited:
'
,
' .
',]
--'SS and other loot also was found 'scattered throughout 'the former Nazi
, occupied are~s of Europe by theAlliesaft~r the war~, This was, ~poils that had
not reached the Treasury or Reichsbank for sorting and valuing. Many b~gs, forr
example, were found at 'or ne'ar concentratioricamps.,'
,
j
I
,
I
'
'
,
,I
--SafetY-deposit box~s in Eraocse. These boxes were sealed and checked
for gold, currency ~nd other foreign assets soon after the Nazisoccupied non
Vichy France.' The assets in the bOf<es were exchanged for local currency and !
the gold removed to Germany. The Nazi Custom Service was in charge of this. i
operation and, was bac,ked by the S$ and other police units.'
;
Foreign
purc~ases
Germany received $23 million in gold frcim the USSR These shipments to Ihe
Reichsbank took place between the September 1939, implementation of the
9
�!
I
I
!
,
i
1
.
1
Hitler-Stalin pact whi'ch divided Poland and the Baltic states between their two !
countries and the Jun(3 1941 Nazi invasion of the USSR. The gold received by!
Germany was for payment of military equipment the 'Nazis delivered to the
!
Russians.
In 1941, Japan delivered $4 million in gold to Germany to repay foreign
.I
exchange advances by Germany. This transaction is confirmed in reports
i
indicating the Reichsbank had to smelt Japanese gold bars because they did n6t
meet international, standards set by,the Bank o~ England,
.,',
!
,
End of war balance
When the Allies took over Germany, they found more than $300 millior:l in gold, :
~
an amount equivalent to 40 percent of the gold looted by the Nazis from
occupied cou'ntries, Some 95percent of the goldremaining was held by the' j
Reichsbank, iThe non monetary portion consisted of SS gold' possessed by the!
Reichsbank but not yet sorted or valued, looted gold found by allies throughout i'
Europe and that held by the German Foreign Office.
;
!
.
I
Monetary
The records qf ,the monetary inventory are well documented: Captured
Heichsbank rycords. show that it held nearly $260 million in monetary gold.
UnCler the direction of Colonel Bernard' Bernstein, Director of the Finance'
Division of the OMGUS Control Council, bars and coins were checked against
i
the Reichsbank inventory. This process indicated that 98 percent of the
monetary gold had been recovered. Most was found in the Kaiserode Salt Mine!
near ,the town of Merkers by US troop~ onApril 7, ,1945. This large cache had t
been evacuated from Berlin in February. : In.addition, ~eichsbank records
'I
showedsomeigold remained at its branches throughout Germany, As a result
US teams were sent out to the branches and most was recovered by June 1945.!
Most of the nearly $4 million never found likely was stolen from the branches. AI
third of that missing was in Berlin and probably taken by Soviet troops.
_.
;
i
I
In addition, $32 million i~ monetary gold from the National Bank of Hllngary was I
discovered by: us forces in Spital am Pyhrn,Austria.' It had been removed from
Budapest by the Nazis.in mid,..November 1944 and was on its way back to
Germany."
'
There was also about $5 million remaining in Reichsbank accounts in
;
Switzerland. This amount is not shown in th'e gold movements table because it !.
already is accqunted for in foreign shipments .
.0
1
�,
, I
:
,
,:
'
",
''
,;"',"', I
Data on these movements"are highly reliable. R§jchsbank records capt.ufeEH>Yj
the Allies in 1945 indicate a flow of $378 million between A ril1940 and the e, <tl '
, ,e war.
oug t e'Swiss Government never opened up,its books,.jt did, j,
confirm that t~e overall Reichsbank figure was com~ct. !n addition, the
I
Heichsbank reCords show that $20 million in gold was shipped to S~
, cQ.mmercial b~nks between April ,1940 and December 1941. This included
Swiss Banking Corporation, Leu Bank and the Basler Handelsbank. ' Beginning)
in 1942, Bern:said all gold entering and leaving Switierland must goJnrough thEt
SNB.
'j
j
II
I
There ar(3 no Reichsbank records on gold 'movements t6 Switzerland before " i
April 1940, qther reporting, however, does indicate a first quarter of 19401
shi~ment am~unting to $10 million. As discllssed earlier !orthe1938 a~d 19391
penod (see P9ge 5), there,was a net flow of gold from -SWitzerland to Germany
as the Nazis bought g'old' in the Zurich market' in exchange for -foreign assets
they forcibly acquired from their citizens. This' gold was then 'moved to German~
to ~uild there;~erves of the ~eich.sbank.Most o.fthe gold soldabro'ad by. the
i
Relchsbank ~asthrough non SWISS markets. Since the net German foreign gol<jj
movem~nts f~r'1938 al1d 1939 were minor, no number is included inTa,ble 1 fori
I
that perlOd_:
.. .
--
-_ .
.
__
-.- _
_.
I"
In addition, thk Swiss received $30 million in looted gold indirectly via the Nazi I
' controlled regime'in norther Ital . When the (~erman troops retreated from'
,
Rome in ecember 1~43, they took with them all the Italian monetarygpld., It ' , I
was.held in,Mil.anuntiI1944 when the decisi?n wa~made to move the.gold to i
Berlin to keep! It out the hand~of the advanCing AI,lled forces. The SWISS "
I
knowledgeabl:e about the situati.on asked ,the Nazi regime to send $30 million in I
this looted gol,d to them. Twelve million dollars worth of gold was LJsed to repay I
Swiss banks'Jor,l()ans made to Italy and $1B million went to meeLGerman
.
obligations to:the BIS in Basle.','
'J
II
'
1
A more compl~x issue!s the gold supposedly shipped to Switzerland in April
I
~, Immediately after the Allied,.sponsored Currie M,ission left Switzerland in I
early March 1945 with an agreemeht that restricted gold purchases from
','I
Germany to the amount needed to pay for diplomatic services and to meet its ' I
obligations to,the BIS"ElT!il Puhl came to Bt?rn to secure Swiss agreement for
shipment of $6.8 million in gold to from the' Reichsbank to the SNB. On April 6,
he succeeded in an arrangement allowing gold valued at $3.5 million be moved
to the SNB arid exchanged for Swiss francswhich were deposited in a special
' I
'
'
.
giro accounUor the Reichsbank.
Puhl bragged :abouthis 'achieven)entsin an infamous letter. to. Walther Funk,' ,
President of the Reichsbank, that was latter found in captured R.~ichsbarik files.
He said, "Theipractical result (of the' negotiations) was to free the Reichsbank
,accounts for Rayments desired by us." The Syviss; however, ,did' not allow the
,
,
!
12
~,
.
�,
,
"
I
. ! '"
,
,
.... ,
I
, ,
~i"
o
gold to be shibped·frOri1Ge.rm~ny b~t insi'sted'it be taken out of the remaining ,
metal in the R~ichsbank's depot account- This trans'fer means is substantiated
by a April 13,1945 message b,etween the SNB in Bern and the Reichsbank in '
Berlin that was intercepted by the British Ministry of Economic Warfare. ,In the [,
case 'of German payments to the BIS, they were met by a 'transfer of gold from I
Berlinto th$ SIS 'account at a Re.ichsbank branchinConsta~ce·.(a G,erman townJ
near the Swiss border).. Neither the' Swiss nor the BIStransaction added to the I
gold flow from, Germany to Switzerland. " " ,. " . ,
.
',,'
.'
. ,
Th~ Reichsba~k
account~t
I
used Its depot
SNB as the central distribution point
in movin~ gOI~ oytside of G~rmany.,About ~Oercent ofthi~ old Was-'sold a I
th.!2.,SNS In exchange' for SWISS franc depOSits and the remainder was trans er.~d
. to the BIS a~~;mks of heutral.countries, mainly Portugal; Spairta:Q.d' I
Sweden. ' . !
. . . . .
.'
"
,I
..
----.
,
1· .
. . ' . '
Depot accouritsare common in internatiOnalfihancial centers, such as
Switzerland, and play a us'eful, role in expediting gold mbvements among'
, countries .. Be~use gold is expensive to ship, transfers between countries are' I
made by simply moving'the gold from'thedepot a~count of one country to
1
another at the; same central bank. Physically, U'lis normally means moving .the I
g()ld (referred :to as "earmarked~l) a few yards from tl:1e locker of the country that I
originally owned the gold to that of the recipient countrY. Thus, for example, "
wh~n.Ge·rmanY bought goods from Portugal, tile Reichsbank often paid for them
. by instructing the SN B to transfer gold from its depot account to that of the ,
!
National Bank~ of Portugal.
I
0
I
, I
I
,
In thqse instar:lces when a neutral countrywantedactual possession, the.
Reichsbank a~ked the SNB to tran;sport gold from its depot account to the
recipient country. Spain and Portugal were the main destination of these·
shipments .. ~ccording to a State Department report, from January 1942 t a l
February 1944, 282 truckloads' of German gold bars'· yvere sent from Switzerland I
to.the two 'Iber:ian countries. For the warasa whole, thetwo received some, $8Qj' (
mi!!jon in direCt shipments from the Reichsbank depot atthe SNB.
-.
j
:l
I
J
. '.;'
.
••
, . . . ,
" ' , .' . .
"
,,'
.
I
. i
The Reichsbank also sold gold in its depot account to the SNB for an equivalent I,
.
,
'
.. I
amount of Swiss,trancs deposited into a "giro" account.From this account, the I
Reichsbank w~s.able to pay for.goods and services bought in Switzerland as . !.
'well as other countries. With the' Swiss franc' being freely convertible into ~ny .1 '
curreQcy, the money couldeasily be-iransferred elsewhere: When, forexample; I.
•
I '
"
'"
'
Germany wanted to tr:ansfe: fun,ds to Spain, the .Reichspank instruct~d the SNB
by telegram .tq reduce its giro account by. ~o many Swiss francs arJd add the '
same amount ,to .thegiro acc()untof the ~anco de Espan~ atthe SNB. The
Spanish bank:could then spehdthese'Swiss francs anywhere or.it cOuld as~ the
SNB to convert the Swiss francsintq pesos and deposit them inthe Banco de
Espana i,n Madrid. ' Spain 'and portugal acquired nearly $100 million fro'm the.
•.
"1
i.
'
,
'.
13
�I,
i
, Reichsbank via giroacCQunts at the SNB., Whateverits final destination, the'
Swiss were the first recipient of the gold looted by the Nazis.
,
: ,
,
'
i,
.
I
Of the total Swiss intake of gold, at least $260 million must be considered looteq.
This assumes, the Swiss received all the so called "legitimate" gold held by, the !
Reichsbank b~fore March 1938. A more,reasonable assumption is that other
recipient countries received a proportional share (15 percent) of the "Iegitimate"j
gold. This wo~lcJ increase the amount of looted gold handled by the Swiss to ;
$275 million. Ifgold forCibly purchased from German citizens during the 1930s !
is classmed as looted, then the Swiss would have taken in some $375 million in :
looted gold. All these figures are much greater than the $58 million in gold the !
Swiss turnecfover to the Allies after the war. 'To understand these numbers in I
today's pr ices, they must be mUltIplied by 'about 1O. Thus, after subtraCting out :
its modest post war payment" Switzerland would now have to pay some $2 to $3
1
billion to compensate for taking in looted gold.
_, , " ,
I
I
Other countries
Besides the large gold shipments to Rumania mainly to pay for oil (already
discussed), there were small movements, by the Reichsbank to other countries
as follows:
.. --Gree~: In attempt to stem inflation, the Nazi rulers in Greece sold
I
some $8 million in gold coin to the'public between 1942 and 1944. The_amount; ,
approximates;the value of the gold already looted from this c o u n t r y . ;
I
I
,
I
--Turk~y: The Germans sold more than $5 niillion in gold for foreign
currencies on the Turkish free 'gold market. As this market paid a higher price in '
"
I
foreign currencies, the Reichsbank occasional sold gold there. Much greater'
use of the Tu~kish market was inhibited by its'smallness and its long di,stance
I'
from Germany., '
"
,
.
j"
--Japam One sale in 1941 am~unting 'to $3.6 million.
--Slovakia The Reichsbank turned over $2 million worth of gold in
,
, ' .
I
November 19113 to reduce the German trade clearing deficit it had with Siovakia Il.
,
"
,
I
--Sweqen Direct shipments of gold to that country amounted ~Iess than~ ,
,$2 million. Toe other category includes the relatively small amounts of gold
I
shipped directly from Germany to Spain, PortugGil, the Middle East and North I
. Africa
I
'
.
All gold transactions between the BIS and Reichsbank from September 19a9 to:
May 1945 were handled via earmarked (or depot) aC~Ol"nts held by both
organizations: at the SNB. Since these flows are already counted in the
,
j
I
. I
I
14
�I
,
"
, Rejchsbank sHipments to its earmarked account at SNB, they can not and are :
l
not included in Table 1. During the above war period $13.S million in gold was I·
moved from the Reichsbank to the BIS account at the SNB. This money was
used to pay interest payments on BIS loans secured in the early '1930s and for :
international postal payments. The nearly $2r:nillion in gold deposited in the BI~
account at theConstahce branch (in Germany) of the Reichsbank is not included'
;
in the accounting of Nazi gold. flows to Switzerland.
.
'.
'
Other distribution and usage
Deliveri~s to' government agencies and select private banks and firms
, under special licenses ,issued by tlW Reich's Ministry of Economics
Speciallicens~s amounted to some $45 million during the war were granted to
the SlIpreme Commands of military units, the Foreign Office, t.heGestapo, '
private banks such as Deutsche Bank and Dresdner Bank, and a few private
I
foreign exchange dealers working for government agencies. These .
, organizations in turn used the gold to, payfortheir operations, mainly in neutral', !
countries. For example, the Foreign Office maintained a $8 million revolving
;
gold fund and the Deutsche Bank received $1.8 million in gold from the
,.
Reichsbank . .About $5 million was given "to foreign exchange dealers Helmuth
Maurer and Otto Wolff. The biggest such transactions-$2.4 million-was with I
Wolff in mip-1944. The gold was sold in Spain and the proceeds were delivered:
to the ReichsQank in the form of Swiss:francs' and Spcmish pesetas. For this
'
.
'''' .
arrangement, Wolff was paid a three percent commission. '
i
,
.
'.
.
To avoid double counting, this.. category has to be reduced by the $10.6 million i~
.
"
I
Foreign Office' gold found'in and outside of Germany: at war's end,' Thus, the ,!
estimate is that $34.4 million in gold remained with the various official and
'i
private organit:ations and was not found by the Allies, d'r more likely was sold by!
these organizations to others in Germany and elsewhere. Although 'a large
:
!
share probably transited or was depo$ited in Switzerland, the only known
information relates to the $2.3 million Wolff shipment to Spain,
I
. Domestic industrial and artistic applications
.
.
The most difficult category to estimate is the net amount of gold Germany' used. ! '
in industry and artistic endeavors. This includes gold 'leeded inman'ufacturing i'
preCision devi~es, photography, chemical processing,' in dentistry and in making;
jewelry. According to Albert Thoms,until August'1944, the Reichsbankprovide~
200 kilograms of gold per month to Degussa, which was the nation's largest
j
precious metal smelter and supplier to industrial users. For the period March
1938 to August .1944, such an allocation wou Id be worth $17 mi II. , 'Forth~
ion; ,
I
I
rest of the war Degussaprobably drew down the large gold stocks it was allowed
to maintain---~2,OOO kilos--according to Thoms,
,
' ; !,
,
I
15
I '
�This industrial :usage amount seems low according to experts in th~ field. ' For
example. US net goldconsumption was more than 15 times that ofGermany
,
during ,the same period, while its economy was only three times larger.
'i
Switzerlandu~ed some $19 million even though: its economyis,onlya tenth of :
'Germany. Moreo~er, German usage included an unknown amount of gold'used I
for industrial purposes in the , "
occupied countries.
I
,
I
A number of explanations are possible. There were other precious metal
smelters like Oegussa, although it was the biggest. Whether. they received
allocations from the Reichsbank or had to depend on smelting sCfap gold is
unknown. Oegussa also could have been highly dependent on scrap. Scrap
gold is derived from the many discarded products that contain gold and on the
bits and piece~ left over in manufacturing new items. Since gOld is valuable andl
can not be destroyed,scrap always plays an important role in the.industrial
'
, market.'
,
Given the Nazi penchant to build their stock of gold, there likely was
considerabie emphasis on utilizing scrap. Public calls by the Nazis to donate
gold laden jewelry to the war effort were constantly being made and large
amounts of similar items were confiscated from concentration camp and other
victims. Oegussa is known to have paid higher prices for gold laden items than
the Prussian Mint in order to attract sufficient metal to meet market demands.
Some of these, items could have been smelted and sold for industrial use.
"
I,
i
I
I
!
!
'
.'.'
I
,
, "
"
"
,
,
Ifthe gold used for industrial purpo.ses came from normal domestic scrap, there I
would be no change in net domestic use since the inputs and usage would offset '
each other. BGt net use would rise,: if smelters were obtaining scrap from items '
looted outside' of Germany and/or the Reichsbank was allocating gold for
industrial use to .more than Degussa. A very conservative estimate for net gold
use is $60 million or less than $10 million a year during the war. ,This would be
less than a fifth of the, comparable US figure.
,
Shipm~nts by individuals
At a bare minimum, individua1germans on tbeir own accouht likely sold $10
million 'in gold ;in forer n m
. This would involve gold they seized from
i
ot ers, recelv~d from other looters or removed from government holdings. Much
'was probably sold through Switzerland or deposited there. Considerable
reporting indicates a larg~ number of high ranking Nazi officials and
industrialists took gold with them as they tried to.flee to South America and other
locations in the last year of the war or during the turmoil of the immediate post- ;
'war p e r i o d . ' · '
.
I
I
I,
I
I
.!
16
�I
THE NON MONETARY GOLD ISSUE
;
Determining the total amount of non monetary gold looted by the Nazis has
remained a difficult and illusive issue and more recently an important and
I
controversial one. There has never been any estimate of the amount. The
definition of non monetary gold has varied with ,the needs of the entity dealing
with the problem. In general, the TGC and other post-war organizations defined:
monetary gold as all gold in the possession of CI central bank and non monetary i
as all other. T:his was done to make the t~sk of the organization easier. For
I
example, gold'obtained by the Nazis from concer:ltration camp victims was '~
I
classified as ~,onetary'if it was melted down:into bars and held in the inventory
of the Reichsbank. If a sack of gold teeth had been found near a concentration !
camp--before It was smelted into bars and sent to the Reichsbank--it would be i,
considered no:n monetary.
'
""
'i
i
I,
,
I
I
A more appropriate non monetary definition would be all gold taken from
individuals in ~ermany and the captured territories from 1933 to war's end.
Such a category amounts to more than $260 million and includes gold:
,
i,
"
--Take'ri from German citizens from 1933-1939 ($100 million).
I,
I
This estimate is based on the buildup of German gold reserves (including:
hidden) from mid-1934 to the end of 1937 of some $95 million. Nearly all these!
increased gold holdings came from domestic confiscations since the net gold
:
inflow into Germany was small. Moreover, as discussed earlier the inflow largely
resulted from liquid foreign assets being seized at home and sold in foreign
:
marketsfor gold that was shipped to the Reichsbank. In addition, most certainly;
an additional $5 million was taken from Jews and others" during 1938 and 1939. :I
,
This is a perio,d when ,nearly all assets remaining in Jewish hands were seized. I
--Coerced from individuals by central banks in occupied territories ($80
million), See page 8.
I
,
--Seized by theWehrmacht, SS, etc, ($80 million), See page 8
I
LQQ1ed ,monetary gold is betterdefioed as the amount in the coffers .of the cent~1
banks the day the Nazis took over a country. This involves excludin from the i·
sQ y's monetary gold category of $670 million (see table 1) the $?O millioo the :
Nazis forced the central banks to collect once the occu ied
The
I
remainder is $590 mil Ion which can be conside~~d the amount
d by
payments,operatioD..s,
The total of all looted gold is $850 m(lIion.
I
I
, 17
I
I
�,
I
j'
. I'
I
SOURCES
GOLD AND THE NAZIS'
Germanys gold, and devisen position, Staff Memo, Federal Reserve Bank of
New York, Sept~mber30, 1937 .
2. German gold movements for 1937, Staff Memo, Federal Reserve Bank of
New York, February 23,1938.
.
,
I
.
.
,
.
.
3. German gold movements for 1938, Staff Memo, Federal Reserve Bank of
New York, March 27, 1939.
4. German gold movements.for 1939, Staff Memo, Federal Reserve B~nk of
New York, July 20, 1939.
. ,
.
5. Swiss gold movements for 1938, Staff Memo, Federal Reserve Bank of New
York, March 1, 1939
I
6. Swiss gold movements for 1939, Staff Memo, Federal Reserve Bank of New
.
I .
'
York, February 7, 1940.
.
.
7. Swiss gold shipments to Germany, Staff Memo, Federal Reserve Bank of
New York, April; 18, 1939.
I>
8. Recent European gold developments, 'Staff Memo, Federal '
Reserve Bank of
.
.
.
New York; Augl!Jst 27,1940.
I
I
9. Switzerland and the Axis, US Treasury Department, Division of Monetary
Research, February 1, 1943.
'
ESTIMATED COMPONENTS
Initial holdings
~
I
10. The Hidder) Gold-Reserve Program Initiated by the German Reichsbank
During Schachts Second Term of Office, Office of Military Government for
Germany- US (OMGUS), Division of Investigation of Cartels and External
Assets, November 14, 1945;NA RG 260, Records of Foreign Exchange
Depository Group, Central Files 1945-1950, Box ~40, File 940.63 (location
390/46/8-10/5-1 )
.
11. Estimated Unreported Official Gold Holdings, Staff Memo, Federal Rese.rve
Board, December 30, 1940.
I
18
I .
�12. Einzig, Paul, Economic Warfare, MacMillan and Co., London, 1940
' i
Looted gold: monetary
13. Tripartite Commission for the Re'stitutidn on Monetary Gold--Tabulation of
Provisional Decisions, From US Commissioner, Trilateral Gold Commission,
Amer.ican Embassy-Brussels to Department of State (271), July 5, 1951;
NA RG 56 Treasury Department, OAISA; Box 62, File'lARA Looted Gold
Restitution and Claims (location 450/80132/01)
I
I
14. NA RG 43, Records related to the Paris Conference on Reparations, Files
of Jacques J. , I
Reinstein, 1945-1951, Box 257 (location 250/10/20105)
.
,
15. NA RG 59, Department of State, Office of Financial Operations, Records
relating to the Tripartite Commission for the Restitution of Monetary Gold, 1942
1962, Boxes 1--?9 (location 631/A104/06) .
.
,
I
16. NA RG 84, Records of US Embassy in Brussels, Filesof US Delegation,to
the lARA, Tripartite Gold Commission, 1946-1956; Country files,.8oxes 1-7
(loC?tion 631/19/63/06) .
17. Italy: Istcambi gold excluded from Italian looted gold because it was
originally lent to Italy by Germany during the war as part of a trade credit
package. NA RG84, Records of US Embassy in B~ussels, Files of US _ '
Delegation to the lARA, Tripartite Gold Commission, 1946-1956; Country files,
Box 7 (location '631/19~63/06)
18.. ,Czechoslqvakia: see, Investigation concerning case: Reichsbankrat Karl
Graupner, August 15/16/1946, p 11; NA RG 260, Records of For~ign Exchange
Depository Gro~p, Central Files 1945-1950, Box 439, File 940.5602 (location ..
. 390/46/8-10/5-1)
Looted gold: nqn-monetary
19.. SS Loot and the'Reichsbank, Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary
, Force, G-5 Division, 8 May 1945; NA RG 260, Records of Foreign Exchange
Depository GrQup, Central Files 1945-1950, Box 422, File 940.1551 (location
390/46/8-1 0/5-j )
20.. Draft Tab-- Evaluation of the Loot, no date; ~A RG 260,. Records of Foreig'n
. Exchange Depository Group, Central Files 1945-1950, Box 423, File 940.304
(location 390/46/8-1,0/5-1)
,
,
19
�...
.'
1
I
I
I
I
1
21. Further Evidence on Disposition of SS Loot by Reichsbank, Monthly Report
May 1945; NA RG 260, Records' of Foreign Ex<;:hange Depository Group, Central
Files 1945-1950, Box 423, File· 940. 304 (location 390/46/8-10/5-1)
22. Data Re SS'Loot; no date; NA RG 260" Records of Foreign Exchange
Depository Group, Central Files 1945-1950, Box 423, File 940.304 (location
390/46/8-10/5-1 )
. 23. Internationa.:1 Military Tribunal,. Blue Series', Volume 13, pages 559';()19; Red
Series, Supplement A, 3944-PS, 3947-PS, 3949-PS, 3951-PS, pages 670-682.
Foreign
I
purcha~es
I.
1
I
• 1
24. Russia: Table 2, no date; NA RG 56, Department of the Treasury, Special
subject files, Box 1, File: Looted gold: location and recovery: (location
450/80/19/01):
. .
.
,
25. Russia: Allied Claim against Swiss for Return of Looted Gold, page 2, no
date; NA RG 43; Records of the US Delegation to the Conference on German
External Assets 'and Looted Gold, 'Washington, January 6-21, 1953, Box 201,
File: Swedish n~gotiations (location 250/10/19/04)
,
,
. I
I
I
,
I
26. Japan: Investigation concerning case: Reichsbankrat Karl Graupner,
August 15/16/1946, p 15; NA RG 260, Recards of Foreign Exchange DeRository
;
.
'
Group, Central Files 1945-1950, Box 439, Fil~ 940.5602 (location 390/46/8- .
10/5-1)
:
,
-
27. Japan: Report prepared by Karl Jahnke, November 17,1946, page 4; NA
RG 260, Records of Foreign ~xchange Depository Group, Central Files. 1945-·.
,
1950, Box 439,· File 940.5602 (location 390/46/8-10/5-1)
,
i
I
End of period balance monetary
"
I,
· I
I
28. Report on Recovery of Reichsbank Precious Metals, Headquarters US
Group, Control Council (Germany) (Main) Finance Division, September 6, 1945;
NA RG 59 Dep~rtmentof State,Office. of Financial Operations, Records relating
to the Tripartite' Commission for the Restitution of Monetary Gold, 1942-1962,
Box 25, File: G~rman gold holdings (location 6311A104106)
I
I
1
.1
i
·I
29. Incoming Classified Message, from: .suprem~· Headquarters Allied
I
Expeditionary Forces Main Versailles France, to War Department, May 6, 1945; I
NA RG 218 ReGards of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Geographiclile, 1942-1945, Box i
72, File: CCS 386-Germany (3-21-45), Control of German property and. assets, :
.
I
1945-1949 (location 190/1/13/02)
i'
"
I
.
'
I
· '
20
"
�End of period balance non-Monetaf)l
30. Extract from "Decision in Ger~any" b'y General Lucius D. Clay, p308,
Department of State, Embassy London, message 2496, November 20, 1950; NA
RG 59, Department of State, 1950-1954 Decimal system, Box 867, File:
200.6241, goldi11-2450 (location 631/14123/01)
i-, .
31. Office of Chief Counsel for War Crimes, December 28, 1948; NA RG 260,
Records of Foreign Exchange Depository Group, Central Files 1945;-1950, Box
440, File 940.65 (location 390/46/8-10/5-1)
i
•
'
I
I
I
,32. From: US High Commissioner for Germany to Department of State (A-1082), .
!
July 13, 1950; ~ARG 59, Department of State, 1950-1954 Decimal System, Box:
867, File: 20Q.q241 , gold/11-2450 (location 631/14/?3/01)
I
,
1
I
i
.
Foreign shipm~nts
I
Switzerland'
,
,
33. Swiss Golq,Traffic with Germany 1939-1945, no date; NA RG 43, Records
of the US Delegation to the Conference on German External Assets and Looted
Gold, Washing~()n, January 6-21, ,1953, Box 201, File: Swedish negotiations
(location 250/10/19/04)
34. Quarterly Value of Gold Shipments from German Reich~bank to Swiss
National Bank 1940-1945, no date; NA RG 43, Records of the US Delegation to
the Conference on German External. Assets and Looted Gold, Washington, '
.
January 6-21, 1953, Box 201, File: Swedish negotiations (location 250/10/19104) :
35. First Quarter 1940 Gold Shipments from Germany to Switzerland,
Department of the US Treasury; NA RG 56, ~ecords of the Office of the
Technical Assistant to the Secretary of the Tr~asury, Stabilization Records,
Subject Files, ~ox 74"File:,~0Id Jan~June 1940'(location 450/80/22102)
I
36.. Summary of Shipments of Gold: Berlin to Bern, no date; NA RG 59
Department of State, Office of Financial Operations, .Records rela'ting to the
Tripartite ComrTlission fbrthe Restitution of Monetary' Gold, 1942-1962, Box 25,
. File: German g?ld holdings (location 631/N04/06)
.
37. Me~ting wi,th Tr~asury Re Looted Gold--New Documentary Evidence,
February 14, 1~46;NA RG 43, Records of the US Delegation to the Conference
on German External Assets and Looted Gold, Washington, January 6-21, 1953,
Box 201, File: Swiss negotiations-volume I (location 250/10/19/04)
I
21
1
I
i
,I
'
�"
38. Statement by Emil Puhl, November 17, 1945; NA RG 153, Records of the
Office of the Judge Advocate General, Safehaven Reports 1944-1945, Box 13
(location 270/1,/5/04)
I
39. Ministry of EconOmic ,Warfare, Telegram Unit, April 13, 1945; NA RG 43"
Records of the US Delegation to the Conference pn German External Assets
eand Looted Gold, Washington, January 6-21, 1953, Box 203, File: Switzerland
!
" ,
'~safehaven gol9 transactions (location 250/10/19/04)
,
...
,40. Enclosuret1, Explanation of the Statement "Total Gold Stocks of the
I
1
:Reichsbank", ,Investigation cqncerning case: Reichsbankrat Karl Graupner,
"August 15/1611'946; NA RG 260, Records of Foreign Exchange Depository
. Group, Centraltiles 1945-1950, Box ,4~9, File 940.5602 (location 390/46/8
. ,10/5-1)
.
. .
' .' " .
.'
I
.
.
• ,
41. Comment~ on cable re: Swiss gold movements, Staff Memo, Federal
Reserve Bank of New York, June 3, 1940..
i
· I
l
· i
I,
.
.
'
.t42. For Italian ;gold: NA RG 43, Records related to the Paris Conference on
:'Reparations, Files of JaCques J. Reinstein, 1945-1951, Box 257 (location
:250/10/20105) .
·,
,
I .
,A3. Shipments;to Spain: State D~partment messagefrotn American Legation,
'Bern to Washington, August 12, 1946; .NA RG 56, Treasury Department,•.
Country and Area Records 1934-1952, Box 27, File: Switzerland gold.,.sil,ver
(location 450/80135/04)
,
'..
.
.•
44, Shipments~to Portugal: Report Relating 'to Negotiations for the Restitution of
Looted Gold, Lisbon, September 1946; NA RG 56 , Misc~lIaneous Committee
Records, Box 62, File: lARA-Looted Gold-Restitution and Claims Volume 1
(location450/8Q/30/02) .
j
i
I
Other countries
,
45. Gold Held in Germany by Hans J. Dornburg, Division of Research and
Statistics, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System; April 1945; NA
RG .43, Records of the US Delegation to the Conference on Gentian External
Assets and Looted Gold, Washington, January 6-21, 1953, Box 198, File:
external assets '(location 250/10/19/04)
.
;
i
46, Rumania: (3old Received by.the' Natid'nal Bank of Ru'mania, Sucharest,
From the Reichsbank, Berlin During the War, From William G. Brey, Chief
Foreign Exchange Depository to Director Finance Division, OMGUS, July 23,
1946; NA RG 43, Records of the US Delegation to the Conference on German
External Assets: and Looted Gold, January 6-21 195~, Box 199, File: Rumania
22
I·
i
I
I
�,',
.
;:
I
.
L
,
..
negotiations. (Note: The Reichsbank ;s suppqsed to have deposited $11.7
million in the National Bank of Rumania's account at the Swiss bank, Union des
Banques Suisses. There is no confirmation.)
47. BIS: MinJte, June 14, 1946; NA RG 43, Records of the US Delegation to
the Conferenc~ on German External Assets and Looted Gold, January 6:-21
1953, Box 199, File: French report-BIS material.
48. Exhibit 1, Note on goid operations involving the Bank of International
Settlements and the German Reichsbank, 1939-1945,October 10, 1996.
I
49. Sweden: Memorandum on Swedish~German Gold TransaCtions from
January 1939 to December 1945, May 27,1946; RG NA59, Department of
· State, Divisionof Economic Security Controls, 1945-1947, Safehaven subject
· file, Box 3 (location 250/45/35107)
50. Turkey: v! An External Security Program, German Dealings in Looted Gold, :
'
no date, page V. 23,
.
.
51.' Japan: Annex 2, Remarks Cohcerning Gold Deliveries of the Reichsbank, . I
Investigation concerning case: Reich;:;bankrat Karl 'Graupner·, ,August
15/16/1946, p 2;' NA RG, Records of Foreign Exchange Depository Group,
Central Files 1945,..1950, Box 439, File 940.5602 (location 390/4618-10/5':'1)
,.
~
.
I
52. Slovakia:' NA RG 59, Department of State, 1950-1954 Decimal system, ·Box !
870 j File: 200.6241 (location 631/14/23/01)
.
!
}
, Other distribution and usage
.
I
'
.
.
.
53. SS Loot arid the Reichsbank, Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary
Force, G-5 DiVision, 8 May 1945; NA RG 260, Records' of Foreign Exchange
Depository Group, Central Files 1945-1950, Box 422; File 940.1551 (location
· 39Q/:46/8-1 0/5~., )
1
I
54. Annex 2, Remarks Concerning Gold D~iiveries of th~ Reichsbank,
Investigation cQncerning case: Reichsbankra"t Karl Graupner, August
15/1611946,p 2; NA RG, Records of Foreign',Exchange Depository Group,'
Central Files 1945-1950, Box 439, File 940 ..5602 (location 390/4q18-1 0/5-1)
55.. Durrer Marco, Die Schweizeisch-Amerikan is .Chen 'Finarzbeziehugen im
Zweiten Weltkreig, no date.
j
23
i
,!
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets
Description
An account of the resource
<p>The Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets in the United States, formed in 1998, was charged with investigating what happened to the assets of victims of the Holocaust that ended up in the possession of the United States Federal government. The final report of the Commission, <a href="http://govinfo.library.unt.edu/pcha/PlunderRestitution.html/html/Home_Contents.html"> “Plunder and Restitution: Findings and Recommendations of the Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets in the United States and Staff Report"</a> was submitted to President Clinton in December 2000.</p>
<p>Chairman - Edgar Bronfman<br /> Executive Director - Kenneth Klothen</p>
<p>The collection consists of 19 series. The first fifteen series of the collection are composed mostly of photocopied federal records. These records were reproduced at the National Archives and Records Administration by commission members for their research. The records relate to Holocaust assets created between the mid 1930’s and early 1950’s by a variety of U. S. Government agencies and foreign sources.</p>
<p>Subseries:<br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Art+and+Cultural+Property+">Art and Cultural Property</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Gold+">Gold</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Gold+Team+Review+Form+Binders+">Gold Team Review Form Binders</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Art+and+Cultural+Property+and+%E2%80%9COthers%E2%80%9D+Review+Form+Binders">Art and Cultural Property and “Others” Review Form Binders</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Non-Gold+Financial+Assets+Review+Form+Binders">Non-Gold Financial Assets Review Form Binders</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=History+Associates+Binder+">History Associates Binder</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Non-Gold+Financial+Assets+Review+Form+Binders+%282%29">Non-Gold Financial Assets Review Form Binders (2)</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Financial+Assets+Documents">Financial Assets Documents</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=RG+84%2C+Foreign+Service+Posts+of+the+State+Department%E2%80%94Turkey">RG 84, Foreign Service Posts of the State Department—Turkey</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Financial+Assets+Documents">Financial Assets Documents</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?search=&advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=%5BJewish+Restitution+Successor+Organization+%28JRSO%29%2C+Oral+Histories%5D&range=&collection=20&type=&user=&tags=&public=&featured=&exhibit=&submit_search=Search+for+items">[Jewish Restitution Successor Organization (JRSO), Oral Histories]</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=PCHA+Secondary+Sources">PCHA Secondary Sources</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Researcher+Notes">Researcher Notes</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Unnumbered+Documents+from+Archives+II+and+Various+Notes">Unnumbered Documents from Archives II and Various Notes</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=RG+260%2C+Finance+Inventory+Forms">RG 260, Finance Inventory Forms</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Reparations">Reparations</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Chase+National+Bank">Chase National Bank</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Administrative+Files">Administrative Files</a><br /><a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=39&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Art+%26+Cultural+Property+Theft">Art & Cultural Property Theft</a></p>
<p>Topics covered by these records include the recovery of confiscated art and cultural property; the reparation of gold and other financial assets; and the investigation of events surrounding capture of the Hungarian Gold Train at the close of World War II. These files contain memoranda, correspondence, inventories, reports, and secondary source material related to the final disposition of art and cultural property, gold, and other financial assets confiscated during the Holocaust.</p>
<p>For more information concerning this collection consult the<a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/show/35992"> finding aid</a>.</p>
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
<a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/show/35992" target="_blank">Collection Finding Aid</a>
<a href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/1040718" target="_blank">National Archives Catalog Description</a>
Extent
The size or duration of the resource.
2954 folders
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
[Gold-Related Notes] [12]
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Presidential Advisory Commission on Holocaust Assets in the United States
Art & Cultural Property Theft
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
Box 206
<a href="http://clintonlibrary.gov/assets/Documents/Finding-Aids/Systematic/Holocaust-Assets.pdf" target="_blank">Collection Finding Aid</a>
<a href="http://catalog.archives.gov/description/6997222" target="_blank">National Archives Catalog Description</a>
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Adobe Acrobat Document
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Medium
The material or physical carrier of the resource.
Reproduction-Reference
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
6/24/2013
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
6997222-gold-related-notes-12
6997222