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Clinton Presidential Records
Mandatory Declassification Review
This is not a presidential record. This is used as an administrative
marker by the William J. Clinton Presidential Library Staff.
Documents from this Mandatory Declassification Review were
released in full or released in part.
Those documents released with redactions have been restricted
under Sections 1.4 (b) and (d) of E.O. 13526.
�SECRET/PLUTO
20633
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
WASHINGTON. D.C. 20506
May 19, 1994
Na^l Sec Advisor
has seen
INFORMATION
MEMORANDUM FOR ANTHONY LAKE
FROM:
DANIEL PONEMANTp
SUBJECT:
P r i n c i p a l s ' Committee Meeting on North Korea,
May 20, 1994, 4:30 p.m.-5:30 p.m.
A f t e r o b t a i n i n g the usual updates (agenda a t Tab I ) , you should
pursue the f o l l o w i n g o b j e c t i v e s i n t h i s meeting:
R e i t e r a t e the need f o r d i s c r e t i o n a t t h i s c r i t i c a l
j u n c t u r e , e s p e c i a l l y i n l i g h t o f t h e resumption o f
serious leaks o f [
EO 13526 1.4b, EO 13526 1.4d
s e n s i t i v e matters o f n e g o t i a t i n g
strategy.
Decide on the a p p r o p r i a t e l i n k a g e between a p o s s i b l e
t h i r d round and the d e f u e l i n g campaign.
Task State t o c l e a r a message f o r d e l i v e r y t o the
DPRK r e f l e c t i n g t h a t d e c i s i o n .
Decide whether t o encourage Senators Nunn and Lugar t o
t r a v e l t o Pyongyang and, i f so, when.
I f the d e c i s i o n i s t o proceed:
c o n f i r m the Senators' w i l l i n g n e s s t o go;
task State t o r e f l e c t t h a t i n a response t o
the l e t t e r sent by the leader o f the DPRK
l e g i s l a t u r e t o the Vice President;
ask Defense i f i t could f a c i l i t a t e t h e
Senators' t r a v e l arrangements; and
task NSC t o d r a f t a P r e s i d e n t i a l message f o r
Nunn and Lugar t o c a r r y .
Provide guidance t o the SSK on our approach e i t h e r t o
the t h i r d round o r t o sanctions (depending on t h e
answer t o the f i r s t question) and task f u r t h e r work
accordingly.
Agree on a press and Congressional s t r a t e g y f o r the
weeks ahead, and underline the need f o r press and H i l l
statements t o be f u l l y coordinated.
SECRET/PLUTO
D e c l a s s i f y on:
OADR
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. O. 13526
�2
The f i r s t and l a s t p o i n t s a r e s e l f - e x p l a n a t o r y ; t h e b a l a n c e o f
t h i s memo w i l l f o c u s on t h e m i d d l e t h r e e i s s u e s . S t a t e has
c i r c u l a t e d a d i s c u s s i o n paper!
EO 13526 1.4b, EO 13526 1,4d
EO 13526 1.4b, EO 13526 1.4d
L i n k a g e between t h i r d r o u n d and d e f u e l i n g campaign
T h i s i s s u e r e l a t e s t o whether t o propose a t h i r d r o u n d t o t h e
DPRK and, i f so, under what c o n d i t i o n s .
On t h e a s s u m p t i o n t h a t
t h e IAEA r e p o r t s t h a t i t has f u l f i l l e d i t s UNSC March 31
mandate - - t o c o n c l u d e t h e March and maintenance i n s p e c t i o n
a c t i v i t i e s -- t h e SSK i d e n t i f i e d t h r e e o p t i o n s :
Set a d a t e f o r t h e t h i r d
round
EO 13526 1.4d
EO 13526 1.4d
The sense o f t h e SSK was t o s u p p o r t t h e f i r s t o p t i o n .
After a l l ,
we s a i d t h a t we w o u l d s e t a d a t e f o r t h e t h i r d round i n t h o s e
circumstances.
The downside, o b v i o u s l y , i s t h a t we c o u l d appear
once a g a i n t o have a d e a l w h i c h , s u d d e n l y , f a l l s t h r o u g h i f
Pyongyang d e f u e l s i n an u n a c c e p t a b l e way . |
EQ 13526 1.4d
We recommend t h e f i r s t
option.
EO 13.526_1_4.d_
EO 13526 1.4d
The DPRK has been c a l l i n g f o r a m e e t i n g i n New York; S t a t e
t e n t a t i v e l y agreed t o one S a t u r d a y so t h a t a PC-cleared p o s i t i o n
c o u l d be conveyed a t t h a t t i m e .
You s h o u l d t a s k S t a t e t o c l e a r
our message t o t h e DPRK i n t e r a g e n c y .
SECRET/PLfcHFO
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�SECRET/PbggQ
3
Nunn-Lugar DPRK T r i p
You r e c a l l t h a t Ambassador Laney was pushing t h i s idea, based on
a vague North Korean message brought back by B i l l Taylor o f CSIS.
We understood t h a t Nunn was w i l l i n g t o go, i f Lugar d i d , t o o . We
need t o c o n f i r m t h a t , probably through G a l l u c c i .
The Vice President r e c e i v e d a l e t t e r i n h i s c a p a c i t y as t h e
President o f the Senate from the leader o f t h e DPRK Supreme
People's Assembly. (Tab IV.) Apart from the usual cant i t
proposed b i l a t e r a l l e g i s l a t i v e c o n t a c t s . The SSK agreed t h i s was
a more a p p r o p r i a t e v e h i c l e t o use than the Taylor c o n t a c t i f we
wish t o pursue t h i s .
The SSK b e l i e v e d t h i s idea worth pursuing, and one t h a t could
enhance our prospects i n the t h i r d round. Nunn and Lugar would
not n e g o t i a t e , and would c h a r a c t e r i z e t h e i r s as a f a c t f i n d i n g
trip.
I d e a l l y , the t r i p would take place l a t e next week, before
a June 1 t h i r d round. A l t e r n a t i v e l y , t h e t h i r d round could s l i p
a week i f necessary t o accommodate t h e Senators' t r i p . More
delay i s probably unwise, i n l i g h t o f the c o n t i n u i n g d e f u e l i n g ;
i f necessary the t r i p could f o l l o w the t h i r d round.
While not n e g o t i a t i n g , we could use Nunn and Lugar t o c a r r y a
P r e s i d e n t i a l message, along the l i n e s t h a t we e a r l i e r prepared
f o r Dellums.
T h i r d Round Issues
Beyond the issues r a i s e d i n the State paper a t Tab I I , d i s c u s s i o n
has continued over the t h i r d round s t r a t e g y paper (Tab V)
prepared f o r the SSK meeting t h i s week ( i n c l u d i n g the ACDA
p r o p o s a l ) . Defense continues t o r a i s e general concerns about
whether we have a coherent s t r a t e g y f o r the t h i r d round. What
concrete outcomes do we seek? What next steps do we envisage?
What i s our o v e r a l l gameplan t o move from t h e t h i r d round t o f u l l
achievement o f our o b j e c t i v e s ? What are the areas o f interagency
disagreement surrounding these issues, and how should they be
resolved?
I t i s u n r e a l i s t i c t o expect the P r i n c i p a l s t o make much progress
here, a t the end o f the meeting.
I t would be u s e f u l , however, t o
s t i m u l a t e P r i n c i p a l s ' views on these questions by asking G a l l u c c i
to s p e l l out h i s answers t o these questions. I have primed
G a l l u c c i t o be prepared t o speak t o t h i s a t your prompting. He
w i l l a l s o have a d r a f t Framework Agreement t o d i s t r i b u t e a t t h e
meeting.
P r i n c i p a l s ' views should then i n f o r m the d r a f t i n g o f a s t r a t e g y
paper f o r the t h i r d round and beyond t h a t i s addressed by
P r i n c i p a l s once more before the t h i r d round.
F i n a l Note: Sanctions Strategy
We have y e t t o provide the l e v e l o f refinement urged by
P r i n c i p a l s , i n terms o f what a c t i o n s t r i g g e r what s a n c t i o n s , and
SECRET/PLUTO
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�SECRET/PLUTO
4
under what circumstances sanctions are removed.
retask t h a t next c u t a t the sanctions s t r a t e g y .
You should
EO 13526 1 4
.d
EO 13526 1.4d
Concurrences by:
Stanley Roth
N
A
Attachments
Tab I
Agenda
Tab I I
State Discussion Paper
Tab I I I
Cables on IAEA Inspections
Tab IV
DPRK L e t t e r t o the Vice President
Tab V
State and ACDA Papers on T h i r d Round Strategy
SECRET/PLUTO
OCINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�GECRET/PLUTQ
(DECL:OADR)
ARCHITECTURE FOR THE THIRD ROUND
What We Want from the DPRK
Our o v e r a l l o b j e c t i v e i s DPRK agreement t o our "broad and
thorough" approach f o r r e s o l v i n g nuclear and other issues,
i n c l u d i n g North Korean r e t u r n .. the NPT, compliance w i t h
'o
f u l l s c o p e safeguards, imple-rentation of the North-South
D e n u c l e a r i z a t i o n D e c l a r a t i o n , and progress on non-nuclear
issues such as the conventional m i l i t a r y balance, m i s s i l e
exports, t e r r o r i s m , and human r i g h t s .
Our primary immediate o b j e c t i v e i s North Korea's r e t u r n
to f u l l membership i n the N o n - P r o l i f e r a t i o n Treaty (NPT) and
compliance w i t h i t s fu'ilscope safeguards o b l i g a t i o n s under
the Treaty. NPT compliance requires t h a t the DPRK accept
r o u t i n e and ad hoc inspections and cooperate and a s s i s t the
I n t e r n a t i o n a l Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) t o v e r i f y North
Korea's i n i t i a l plutonium d e c l a r a t i o n , i n c l u d i n g s p e c i a l
inspections.
We would require t h a t the DPRK's commit t o
accept measures t o resolve d i s c r e p a n c i e s , i n c l u d i n g special
inspections]
EO 13526 1.4d
We would also i n s i s t t h a t the North m a i n t a i n the current
"freeze" on i t s nuclear program (e.g., no reprocessing),
which ensures no a d d i t i o n a l production or d i v e r s i o n o f
nuclear m a t e r i a l as a basic c o n d i t i o n f o r c o n t i n u i n g the
process leading t o a thorough and broad r e s o l u t i o n . We would
also attempt t o convince the DPRK t o r e f r a i n from a d d i t i o n a l
steps t h a t would be i n c o n s i s t e n t w i t h a f i n a l r e s o l u t i o n of
the nuclear issue.
For example, since f i n a l r e s o l u t i o n
includes DPRK conversion t o l i g h t water r e a c t o r s , we could
argue t h a t the DPRK should h a l t f u r t h e r development of i t s
g r a p h i t e reactor-based i n f r a s t r u c t u r e ( i . e . , no r e f u e l i n g the
5 M r e a c t o r , cease c o n s t r u c t i o n o f the 50 and 200 M
W
W
r e a c t o r s ) . To support our non-nuclear o b j e c t i v e s , we could
also seek DPRK agreement t o suspend f u r t h e r m i s s i l e exports.
EO 13526 1.4d
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. O. 13526
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�GCCnET/PLUTQ
- 2What- We Would O f f e r
We would commit t o implement a long term plan on the basis
of r e c i p r o c i t y to improve U.S./DPRK b i l a t e r a l r e l a t i o n s ,
address t h ^ North's s t a t e d s e c u r i t y concern
EO 13526 1.4d
EO 13526 l.4d
|and support i n t e r n a t i o n a l assistance to the
North's energy sector
EO 13526 1.4d
I EQ 13526 1.4d Iwe would s t a t e c l e a r l y that we are prepared to
e s t a b l i s h f u l l d i p l o m a t i c r e l a t i o n s , l i f t b i l a t e r a l economic
s anctions
EO 13526 1.4d
and
f a c i l i t a t e m u l t i l a t e r a l p r o v i s i o n of a l i g h t water r e a c t o r .
In the short term, we would agree t o take s p e c i f i c steps as
the North moves toward f u l l compliance w i t h i t s NPT
o b l i g a t i o n s . We can begin taking steps as the North implements
ad h o c / r o u t i n e i n s p e c t i o n s , and moves t o implement measures
necessary t o c l e a r up past discrepancies i n i t s plutonium
production d e c l a r a t i o n . !
E0 13526 1.4d
Once B l i x r e p o r t s t o the IAEA Board o f Governors t h a t North
Korea has s a t i s f i e d the IAEA requirements t o v e r i f y i t s
plutonium d e c l a r a t i o n and i s i n compliance w i t h i t s safeguards
o b l i g a t i o n s under the NPT|
EO 13526 1.4d
EO 13526 1.4d
EO 13526 1.4d
|(The attached
paper and t i m e l i n e provides a d e t a i l e d scenario f o r
simultaneous a c t i o n s leading t o s p e c i a l i n s p e c t i o n s . )
Form of the Agreement
I f p o s s i b l e , we would conclude a j o i n t "framework
agreement", l a y i n g out both sides' commitment t o the p r i n c i p l e s
and o b j e c t i v e s of our broad and thorough approach.
This
framework agreement could be issued as a j o i n t statement t o
mark the end of the meetings i n Geneva.
In any event, we would seek agreement on a s p e c i f i c
t i m e t a b l e and sequence f o r implementing the North's compliance
w i t h i t s NPT o b l i g a t i o n s and the r e c i p r o c a l U.S. a c t i o n s t h a t
w i l l be taken along the way.|
EQ 13526 1.4d
EO 13526 1.4d
Scenario f o r the T h i r d Round
We e n v i s i o n roughly two weeks of meetings i n Geneva.
1. F i r s t Session
I n two or t h r e e days of formal meetings,
we w i l l present our concept of a "broad and thorough
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�SECRET/DLUTQ
- 3r e s o l u t i o n " and l i s t e n t o the North Korean proposal f o r
"comprehensive package s o l u t i o n . " I n t h i s opening session,
we a n t i c i p a t e t h a t the U.S. and DPRK p o s i t i o n s w i l l be f a r
apart. I n a 4 March p u b l i c statement, v i c e M i n i s t e r Kang
Sok Ju suggested t h a t the DPRK's "comprehensive s o l u t i o n "
requires " t e r m i n a t i o n of the U.S. nuclear t h r e a t and
h o s t i l e p o l i c y against the DPRK, the i n t r o d u c t i o n of l i g h t
water r e a c t o r s , and the improvement of b i l a t e r a l r e l a t i o n s "
in exchange f o r resumption of IAEA ad hoc and r o u t i n e
i n s p e c t i o n s . The North i s l i k e l y to be p l e a s a n t l y
s u r p r i s e d by what we are prepared t o o f f e r over the long
term on the d i p l o m a t i c frontf
EO 13526 1.4d
Over lunch and i n the margins, where the r e a l bargaining i s
done, A/S G a l l u c c i w i l l begin to s p e l l out our minimum
requirements f o r c o n t i n u i n g the process, i n c l u d i n g DPRK
commitment t o accept and complete measures t o resolve
d e c l a r a t i o n d i s c r e p a n c i e s such as s p e c i a l i n s p e c t i o n s
EO 13526 l.4d
[Presumably, Kang w i l l also drop h i n t s
about what the.DPRK r e a l i s t i c a l l y expects from the U.S. i n
exchange f o r resuming ad hoc and r o u t i n e i n s p e c t i o n s .
2. The Break Once the formal p r e s e n t a t i o n s are completed,
we would propose t o break f o r a few days f o r
c o n s u l t a t i o n s . Kang may need to r e t u r n t o Pyongyang f o r
further instructions
EQ 13526 1 4
.d
EO 13526 1.4d
3. Second Session A f t e r the break, we would reconvene t o
determine whether a basis e x i s t s f o r c o n t i n u i n g the t a l k s ,
EO 13526 1.4d
I f the North accepts our basic approach, we would begin
work on a framework agreement and as much of t h e
implementing agreement as p o s s i b l e . Depending on
circumstances, we could t a c k l e the issues s e r i a t i m , or the
d e l e g a t i o n s could d i v i d e i n t o working groups t o n e g o t i a t e
i n d i v i d u a l elements simultaneously. The most contentious
EO 13526 1.4d
would need to be
issues
reserved Eor d i r e c t GaTlucct^Kang t a l k * .
-
�- 4 -
In any event, the n e g o t i a t i o n s are l i k e l y to be
difficult.|
EO 13526 1.4d
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
very
�- 5 What Happens I f the Talks f a i l ?
EO 13526 1 4
.d
�•ODORDT/PLUTO
20638
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
WASHINGTON. D.C. 20506
Summary o f Conclusions f o r
Meeting o f NSC P r i n c i p a l s ' Committee
May 20, 1994
DATE
S i t u a t i o n Room
LOCATION
4:40-5:35 p.m.
TIME
SUBJECT:
Summary o f Conclusions o f PC Meeting on N o r t h Korea (U)
PARTICIPANTS:
The V i c e P r e s i d e n t ' s O f f i c e :
Leon F u e r t h
State:
Warren C h r i s t o p h e r
Robert G a l l u c c i
The White House:
Anthony Lake
Samuel Berger
NSC:
D a n i e l Poneman
DOD:
W i l l i a m Perry
USUN:
Madeleine A l b r i g h t
CIA:
James Woolsey
JCS:
John S h a l i k a s h v i l i
Summary o f Conclusions
ACDA:
John Holum
I t was agreed
that:
I n speaking t o t h e DPRK r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s i n New York on May
21, S t a t e w i l l s e t a date o f June 1 f o r t h e t h i r d round,
p r o v i d e d t h a t t h e IAEA does n o t conclude between now and
then t h a t t h e DPRK has d i v e r t e d a d d i t i o n a l n u c l e a r m a t e r i a l
from t h e core o f t h e 5 M r e a c t o r o r p r e c l u d e d t h e IAEA from
W
t h e o p p o r t u n i t y t o conduct h i s t o r i c a l a n a l y s i s o f t h e spent
f u e l i n t h e core.
OBCRET/PLUTO-p T K \ \
D e c l a s s i f y OAJ L i)AM>I
DECLASSIFIED
PER E,0.13526
�2
The date o f June 1 w i l l n o t be made p u b l i c o r
backbriefed outside the P r i n c i p a l s ' present a t t h e
meeting.
Our p u b l i c diplomacy w i l l s t r e s s t h a t we have p r e v e n t e d
future diversion o f plutonium while preserving the a b i l i t y
t h r o u g h n e g o t i a t i o n s t o c l a r i f y whether t h e r e have been p a s t
d i v e r s i o n s o f p l u t o n i u m beyond t h e amounts d e c l a r e d by t h e
DPRK t o t h e IAEA.
We w i l l encourage Nunn and Lugar t o accept an i n v i t a t i o n t o
t r a v e l t o N o r t h Korea, n o t as A d m i n i s t r a t i o n e m i s s a r i e s b u t
on a f a c t f i n d i n g m i s s i o n . I f p o s s i b l e , t h e y should t r a v e l
b e f o r e t h e t h i r d round; o t h e r w i s e t h e y can t r a v e l a f t e r t h e
t h i r d round. We w i l l n o t d e f e r t h e date o f a t h i r d round.
S t a t e and OVP w i l l d i s c u s s whether o r n o t t h e l e t t e r t o
the Vice P r e s i d e n t i s t h e a p p r o p r i a t e v e h i c l e t o
respond t o t h e i n v i t a t i o n t o Nunn and Lugar.
On t h e t h i r d round s t r a t e g y , t h e SSK w i l l prepare two
o p t i o n s f o r P r i n c i p a l s ' c o n s i d e r a t i o n . One o p t i o n would
approach t h e i s s u e w i t h e a r l y , major steps designed t o
achieve c o n c r e t e r e s u l t s i n t h e near term; t h e o t h e r would
t a k e a more measured approach t o account f o r t h e r i s k o f
DPRK r e v e r s a l s . These p r o p o s a l s s h o u l d be s p e l l e d o u t i n
s u b s t a n t i a l d e t a i l , e.g., i n t h e form o f a d r a f t framework
agreement.
The SSK s h o u l d a l s o sharpen t h e a n a l y s i s i n t h e s a n c t i o n s
paper f o r f u r t h e r P r i n c i p a l s ' c o n s i d e r a t i o n .
Press themes s h o u l d emphasize t h a t we view t h i s s i t u a t i o n as
s e r i o u s , t h a t i t i s n o t c l e a r how i t w i l l t u r n o u t , b u t t h a t
we have seen progress i n r e c e n t days i n p r e v e n t i n g t h e r i s k
of f u t u r e d i v e r s i o n o f p l u t o n i u m . We s t i l l have q u e s t i o n s
c o n c e r n i n g past North Korean n u c l e a r a c t i v i t y , which we w i l l
c o n t i n u e t o press i n t h e t h i r d round.
•0E6RBT/PLUT0
CLINTON UWYrWOCOPY
�
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This collection of declassified records focus primarily on foreign affairs. These records were declassified and made available to the public through a <a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/mandatory-declassification-review-requests">Mandatory Declassification Review</a> request.
Provenance
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Clinton Presidential Records
Publisher
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Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Text
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Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Declassified Documents concerning North Korea
Identifier
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2013-0870-M
Description
An account of the resource
This Mandatory Declassification Review contains material on a Principals Committe (PC) meeting on North Korea from May 20, 1994. Included is the PC summary of conclusions and a background memo to National Security Advisor Anthony Lake regarding the upcoming PC meeting.
Creator
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National Security Council
Records Management Office
Format
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Adobe Acrobat Document
Medium
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Reproduction-Reference
Is Part Of
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<a href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/7388808">National Archives Catalog Description</a>
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Clinton Presidential Records: NSC Cable, Email, and Records Management Systems
Publisher
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William J. Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
2/6/2015
Source
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2013-0870-M
7388808
Declassified
Foreign Policy
North Korea
Nuclear
PC
Principals Committee