1
500
1
-
https://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/files/original/29365aeb4d439b0bd5173f0670e30ffe.pdf
74fe10660b59c7720fc50aef996e06c3
PDF Text
Text
Clinton Presidential Records
Mandatory Declassification Review
This is not a presidential record. This is used as an administrative
marker by the William J. Clinton Presidential Library Staff.
Documents from this Mandatory Declassification Review were
released in full or released in part.
Those documents released with redactions have been restricted
under Sections 1.4 (b), (c), and (d) of E.O. 13526 or (b)(3) and
(b)(6) of the FOIA.
�1 .
CUNTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�IMMEDIATE
CONFIDENTIAL
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 01 OF 02
PRT: BERGER FUERTH ITOH KENNEY LAKE'/ REED SIT SODERBERG WOLIN
SIT: BEERS CLARKER DARRAGH DESHAZER FILE RICE STEINBERG SUM SUM2 VAX
<PREC> IMMEDIATE <CLAS> CONFIDENTIAL
<DTG> 081924Z APR 94
1
FM AMEMBASSY-PARIS
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC NIACT IMMEDIATE 2958
INFO RUEHLGB/AMEMBASSY KIGALI NIACT IMMEDIATE 5601
RUEHJB/AMEMBASSY BUJUMBURA NIACT IMMEDIATE 0393
RUEHBS/AMEMBASSY BRUSSELS IMMEDIATE 7105
RUSNNOA/USEUCOM VAIHINGEN GE IMMEDIATE
RUEHKI/AMEMBASSY KINSHASA IMMEDIATE 0922
RUTAKM/AMEMBASSY KAMPALA IMMEDIATE 2855
RUEHDR/AMEMBASSY DAR ES SALAAM PRIORITY 6449
RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK PRIORITY 1577
RUEHDS/AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA 6490
RUEHCO/AMEMBASSY COTONOU 7906
RUFHGI/AMEMBASSY BANGUI 0524
RUEHOT/AMEMBASSY OTTAWA 4156
RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHDC//ISA/AF//
G Q N F I D E N T I ft-t PARIS 09625
E.O. 123 56: DECL: OADR
TAGS: PREL, PGOV, UN, FR, R
W
SUBJECT: ' WGRWOl: FRENCH AGREEMENT TO TAKE CONTROL OF
KIGALI AIRPORT; APRIL 8, 2030 HRS LOCAL TIME
1. CONFIDENTIAL - ENTIRE TEXT.
2. WE SPOKE WITH COL. MICHEL RIGOT, AFRICAN AFFAIRS
ADVISOR TO THE MINISTER OF DEFENSE, AT 2030 HRS ON
APRIL 8 WHO CONFIRMED TO US THAT FOLLOWING DISCUSSIONS
WITH THE GOVERNMENT OF BELGIUM IN BRUSSELS, THE GOF HAS
AGREED TO TAKE CONTROL OF THE AIRPORT IN KIGALI TO
PERMIT THE EVACUATION OF FOREIGN NATIONALS DUE TO THE
DETERIORATING SECURITY SITUATION. HE STATED THAT THE
OPERATION WOULD BE CONDUCTED IN FULL COORDINATION WITH
THE BELGIAN FORCES IN KIGALI.
3. THE FRENCH TROOPS WILL COME FROM GOF OPERATIONAL
TROOPS STATIONED IN THE C.A.R.; RIGOT EXPECTS THE FORCE
TO NUMBER BETWEEN 100-200. HE STATED THAT THE RWANDAN
MILITARY COMMAND HAS BEEN CONTACTED AND AGREED TO THE
FRENCH OPERATION. I
EO 13526 1 4 . EO 13526 1.4d
.b
CONFIDENTIAL
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. O. 13526
8/»3/15
KBH
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOC.
�IMMEDIATE
CONFIDENTIAL
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 02 OF 02
EO 13526 1 4 , EO 13526 1.4d
.b
4. RIGOT WAS NOT ABLE TO PROVIDE ANY INFORMATION THE
EXPECTED ARRIVAL TIME OF THE FRENCH FORCES IN KIGALI
SINCE SOME DETAILS OF THE EXPEDITION ARE STILL BEING
DEVELOPED. HE ADDED THAT THE SEIZURE WOULD TAKE PLACE
"AS QUICKLY AS POSSPBLE."
5. RIGOT STATED THAT HE BELIEVES/BELIEVES THAT THE
FRENCH JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF, ADMIRAL LANXADE, HAS
CONVEYED THIS INFORMATION TO HIS U.S. COUNTERPART.
RIGOT ADDED THAT THE FRENCH DEFENSE ATTACHE I N
WASHINGTON WILL BE INFORMED SHORTLY.
6. BUJUMBURA AND KIGALI MINIMIZE CONSIDERED.
HARRIMAN
BT
#9625
NNNN
<MSGID> M0982882
CONFIDENTIAL
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�IMMEDIATE
CONriDCNTIAL
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 01 OF 03
PRT: BERGttR FUERTH ITOH KENNEY LAKE REED SIT SODERBERG WOLIN
SIT: BEERS CLARKER DARRAGH DESHAZER FILE MITCHELL RICE STEINBERG SUM SUM2 VA
<PREC> IMMEDIATE <CLAS> ^COHriDBWTIffC
<DTG> 081900Z APR 94
FM AMEMBASSY BRUSSELS
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC NIACT IMMEDIATE 63 84
INFO RUEKJCS/JCS WASHDC IMMEDIATE
RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHDC//OASD/ISP// IMMEDIATE
RUSNTCC/USEUCOM VAIHINGEN GE//J3//J4/BATTLE STAFF// IMMEDIATE
RHCUAAA/CINCTRANS SCOTT AFB I L / / J 3 / J 4 / / IMMEDIATE
RHFQAAA/HQUSAFE RAMSTEIN AB GE//CC/DC/IN// IMMEDIATE
RUEKJCS/DIA WASHDC IMMEDIATE
RUEHFR/AMEMBASSY PARIS IMMEDIATE 7276
RUEHLGB/AMEMBASSY KIGALI IMMEDIATE 157 8
RUEHJB/AMEMBASSY BUJUMBURA IMMEDIATE 0068
RUEHDR/AMEMBASSY DAR ES SALAAM IMMEDIATE 0916
RUTAKM/AMEMBASSY KAMPALA IMMEDIATE 0408
RUEHNR/AMEMBASSY NAIROBI IMMEDIATE 0031
RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK IMMEDIATE 04 3 0
C-O- N F I-D F N T T A T SECTION 01 OF 02 BRUSSELS 04005
.
PLEASE PASS NSC
DEPARTMENT FOR AF/C AND EUR/NE
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: PREL, MOPS, BE, RW, BE, FR, BY
SUBJECT: WGRWOl: BELGIAN COUNCIL OF MINISTERS MEETS:
DECIDES ON EVACUATION OF KIGALI FOR AIR;
ASKS FOR US SUPPORT
REFS:
A) BRUSSELS 3 967;
B) BRUSSELS 3963;
C) BRUSSELS 3 956 AND PREVIOUS
1. /T - ENTIRE TEXT
2. BELGIAN COUNCIL OF MINISTERS (CABINET) CONCLUDED ITS
DISCUSSIONS AFTER 6 P.M. APRIL 8. PM DEHAENE CALLED AMB.
BLINKEN. THIS CALL WAS FOLLOWED BY ANOTHER CONVERSATION
WITH DIPLOMATIC ADVISOR TO THE PM, DOMINIQUE STRUYE. BOTH
ADVISED THE FOLLOWING:
-- PM DEHAENE HAD JUST SPOKEN TO BOUTROS-GHALI. DEHAENE
ASKED THAT THE UN CONTINGENT I N RWANDA BE REINFORCED. THE
GOB'S MAIN CONCERN WAS TO OBTAIN A QUALITATIVE IMPROVEMENT
IN THE SECURITY SITUATION OF THE BELGIAN BLUE HELMETS.
THE QUALITATIVE IMPROVEMENT DOES NOT/NOT MEAN AN INCREASE
IN BELGIAN BLUE HELMETS BUT RATHER ENHANCED EQUIPMENT
DFCLASSIFIED
AND/OR FIREPOWER.
P F R F O 13526
-- THE GOB UNDERSTANDS THAT CHANGING THE UNAMIR MANDATE
o \\ o i u f t - f f l
MAY PROVE TO BE TIME-CONSUMING AND, THEREFORE IS ANXIOUS
2^"JL.
TO PROCEED WITH THE QUALITATIVE IMPROVEMENT NOW AND TACKLE
8/\&/\5 KBH
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
CONriDCNTIAL
�IMMEDIATE
CONriDCNTIAL
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 02 OF 03
THE MANDATE QUESTION LATER.
-- THE GOB WANTS TO SEND A REINFORCED BATTALION
(APPROXIMATELY 800 PARACOMMANDOS) WHICH WILL BE USED TO
CONDUCT A HUMANITARIAN EVACUATION OPERATION. THIS
OPERATION WILL BE KEPT TOTALLY DISTINCT FROM THE UN PKO
OPERATION I N WHICH BELGIUM NOW PARTICIPATES.
-- THE GOB ALSO INFORMED THE SYG THAT I F AN EXPANDED
UNAMIR MANDATE REQUIRED MORE UN PEACEKEEPING TROOPS,
BELGIUM WOULD NOT BE ABLE TO PROVIDE ADDITIONAL MEN FOR AN
EXPANDED UNAMIR. THE UN WOULD HAVE TO LOOK ELSEWHERE FOR
ADDITIONAL TROOPS.
-- THE GOB INTENDS TO CONTINUE FULFILLING ITS OBLIGATIONS
TOWARDS THE UN AND WILL NOT WITHDRAW ITS MEN FROM UNAMIR
AFTER THE REINFORCED BATTALION COMPLETES THE EVACUATION OF
EXPATRIATES.
-- DEHAENE TOLD BOUTROS-GHALI THE BELGIANS WANT TO USE
THE AIRPORT TO EVACUATE EXPATRIATES. BEGIN VERY CLOSE
HOLD INFORMATION. WE UNDERSTAND THAT THE FRENCH MAY BE
PART OF THE PLANNING PROCESS TO SECURE THE AIRPORT.
HOWEVER, WE HAVE BEEN ASKED BY THE PM'S OFFICE TO TREAT
THIS INFORMATION WITH THE UTMOST DISCRETION AS
COORDINATION I S TAKING PLACE AT THE HIGHEST LEVELS OF THE
FRENCH AND BELGIAN GOVERNMENTS. END VERY CLOSE HOLD
INFORMATION.
-- PM DEHAENE FORMALLY ASKED THE AMBASSADOR FOR HELP FROM
THE UNITED STATES. HE ASKED THAT CONSULTATION WITH OUR
MILITARY ON EVACUATION PROCEDURES BEGIN IMMEDIATELY
(SEPTEL). DEHAENE ALSO ASKED FOR LOGISTICAL AND TRANSPORT
HELP FROM THE U.S. FOR THE EVACUATION. US EMBASSY DAO AND
ODC WILL WORK WITH THE BELGIAN MILITARY TO DEFINE EXACTLY
WHAT SUPPORT THEY ARE REQUESTING. WE ASSUME THIS I S ALONG
THE LINES OF THE REQUEST PROVIDED I N BRUSSELS 3967.
3. COMMENT. THE CONVERSATIONS BETWEEN PM DEHAENE AND THE
AMBASSADOR AND DIPLOMATIC ADVISOR STRUYE AND THE
r O N - F I D E N T I A b SECTION 02 OF 02 BRUSSELS 04005
PLEASE PASS NSC
DEPARTMENT FOR AF/C AND EUR/NE
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: PREL, MOPS, BE, RW, BE, FR, BY
SUBJECT: WGRWOl: BELGIAN COUNCIL OF MINISTERS MEETS:
DECIDES ON EVACUATION OF KIGALI FOR AIR;
ASKS FOR US SUPPORT
AMBASSADOR IMMEDIATELY PRECEDED A CALL FROM DAS BUSHNELL
WHO INFORMED US SEC. CHRISTOPHER HAS GIVEN VERBAL APPROVAL
TO COOPERATE ON CONTINGENCY PLANNING ONLY REPEAT ONLY FOR
THE PURPOSE OF EVACUATING CIVILIANS FROM RWANDA. POST
IMMEDIATELY CONTACTED THE PM'S OFFICE TO TRANSMIT THIS
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
•CONriDCNTIAL
�IMMEDIATE
-CONFtDfrNTfAt
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 03 OF 0 3
INFORMATION. THE PM'S OFFICE EXPRESSED APPRECIATION FOR
THE QUICK RESPONSE. END COMMENT.
4. OTHER INFORMATION RECEIVED FROM THE BELGIANS AND
PASSED TO THE RWANDA WORKING GROUP AT THE DEPARTMENT OF
STATE BY PHONE EARLIER DURING THE DAY APRIL 8 INCLUDED THE
FOLLOWING:
BELGIAN NATIONAL/NATIONAL TROOPS I N THE GISENYE
DISTRICT OF NORTHWESTERN RWANDA, WHERE THE SITUATION HAS
REPORTEDLY BEEN BAD, ESCORTED A GROUP OF SOME 100
EXPATRIATES TO THE RWANDAN BORDER WITH ZAIRE AT GOMA. THE
GROUP WAS AT THE BORDER BY AFTERNOON APRIL 8 BUT HAD NOT
BEEN ALLOWED BY RWANDAN AUTHORITIES TO CROSS INTO ZAIRE.
THE BELGIANS DID NOT KNOW I F THERE WERE ANY AMERICANS IN
THIS GROUP.
AT 6 P.M. BELGIAN TIME APRIL 8, A BELGIAN MFA
OFFICIAL I N THE MINISTER'S CABINET TOLD POLCOUNS THAT
BELGIAN MILITARY SOURCES STATED THE SITUATION I N RWANDA
WAS WORSENING. I N KIGALI, THE SITUATION VARIED BY
NEIGHBORHOOD, BUT RPF FIGHTERS HAD NOW LEFT THE CAMPS AND
WERE FIGHTING WITH RWANDAN PRESIDENTIAL GUARD.
EXPATRIATES WERE NOT EXEMPT FROM THE VIOLENCE. THE
MILITARY HAD CONFIRMED REPORTS THAT BELGIAN WOMEN HAD BEEN
RAPED AND OTHER FOREIGNERS THREATENED I N ADDITION TO THE
BELGIAN UNAMIR SOLDIERS KILLED APRIL 7. THE BELGIAN
MILITARY HAD ADVISED THE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS THAT I T
WOULD BE DISASTROUS TO WAIT EVEN 24 HOURS FOR A GO-AHEAD
TO START AN EVACUATION.
5. BUJUMBURA AND KIGALI MINIMIZE CONSIDERED.
BLINKEN
BT
#4005
NNNN
<MSGID> M0982814
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPi
CONFIDENTIAL
�WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
INTELLIGENCE NOTE
Aprils, 1994
1300 EDT
AKlklMlSMKIlIil!
RWANDA: Situation Update
Heavy fighting in the streets of Kigali continues between military forces and the rebel Rwandan
Patriotic Front (RPF). Embassy Kigali reports military units have lost all discipline. Press
reports violence is clearly aimed at Rwandans and not at Westerners. In Kigali, over 200 local
Rwandans climbed the wall of Ambassador Platen's residence seeking refuge. Five UNAMIR
troops were dispatched to guard residence, but have not yet arrived.
As of about 12 hours ago, human rights activist Monique Mujawamariya was still alive,
according to DCM Leader who spoke with her at that time. Embassy staff believes her life is in
grave danger if anyone in Kigali discovers her whereabouts; it is keeping that information
extremely close hold. The embassy is attempting to get UNAMIR assets to protect her, but will
only consult face-to-face for security reasons.
At a Seventh Day Adventist school overrun by rebels in Mudende, north of Kigali, 21 American
faculty members are trapped. Over 20 locals have already been killed there. Embassy has
been in contact by phone and is trying to buy safe passage with help from Belgians.
Boutros Ghali has asked his UN Special Representative in Rwanda to take whatever steps
necessary to guarantee security for Kigali and the entire country. Meanwhile, 4,000 refugees
have reportedly fled Rwanda into Tanzania.
The Belgian Military Joint Staff has determined there are no good military options to reinforce
UNAMIR troops in Kigali, but continues contingency planning. Belgian UNAMIR troops are
scattered throughout Kigali and are considered an ineffective fighting force. Operations plans
will mirror previous Belgian operations in Zaire. The main force of 750 paracommandos would
deploy to a forward staging base in central Africa. This may require US airlift assets. An
advance party would then be helicoptered to Kigali, secure the airport, and be followed by the
main force. The Belgian cabinet as of 1300 EDT remains in session discussing evacuation
plans.
WHITE HOUSE
SITUATION ROOM
Classified by Multiple Sources
Declassify on: OADR
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
DECLASSIFIED
PER E.0.13526
low - oaus -n
�7
v
5
7
Z,//^) i^.
/,-^-^, ^ ' • c /
-^.^^
<
"
•
CUNTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�1
i
w ,
J:
•_
L_
— a
9408141
United States Department of State
Washington, D.C.
20520
A p r i l 8, 1994
CONriDCNTIAL /EKBM
DECL: OADR
MEMORANDUM FOR ANTHONY LAKE
THE WHITE HOUSE
SUBJECT:
Response t o B e l g i a n Request
S e c r e t a r y o f S t a t e C h r i s t o p h e r and Deputy S e c r e t a r y oE
Defense Deutsch have agreed t o respond p o s i t i v e l y t o t h e
B e l g i a n Prime M i n i s t e r ' s request t h a t t h e U.S. a u t h o r i z e
c o o p e r a t i v e emergency p l a n n i n g f o r t h e e v a c u a t i o n o f American
c i t i z e n s and e x p a t r i a t e s from Rwanda p r o v i d i n g t h a t t h e
m i l i t a r y a c t i o n p e r t a i n s t o evacuation only.
Marc Grossman
Executive Secretary
DECLASSIFIED
PER E.0.13526
CUNTON UBMY PHOTOCOPY
«™
�Dra f ted:AF/C:ARender
4/8/94, 7-6614
W -t>ECA 3 512
Clearances:AF:PBushnel1
S/S:TFilipek
,l
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�DECLASSIFIED
PER E.O. 13526
51-
United States Department of State
(Washington, D.C.
RWOl
S-0(2)
S-S
S(3)
S-IRM
S-O/CMS
S-EX
I TOR
'(5)
,L STATE
IUREAUS &
)FFICES
)DITIONAL:
'DGP
IP
'FLO
4
WHO
THER
AGENCIES:
ID
SIA
(LDX)
IA (LDX)
NERGY (LDX)
BIS
(LDX)
CS
(LDX)
MCC
(LDX)
MIC
(LDX)
SA
(LDX)
SC
(LDX)
ISOC (LDX)
:ECDEF (LDX)
'REAS (LDX)
fHSR (LDX)
EXECUTIVE SECRETARIAT
OPERATIONS CENTER
WGRWOl
SITUATION REPORT NO. 4
SITUATION AS OF 1230 EDT, 04/08/94
20520
EDT,
• (U)
200 Rwandan c i v i l i a n s scaled the Ambassador's
residence's w a l l f l e e i n g from a f i r e f i g h t across the
s t r e e t between RPF and Government f o r c e s . S t r a y b u l l e t s
k i l l e d a t l e a s t one Rwandan c h i l d and wounded o t h e r s .
No
Americans have been h u r t . Five^UNAMIR s o l d i e r s were sent
t o the r e s i d e n c e , but w i t h d r e w u n i l a t e r a l l y a f t e r the
s i t u a t i o n s u b s i d e d . We are t r y i n g t o get UNAMIR t o
r e t u r n . The Rwandan m i l i t a r y also s a i d i t was w i l l i n g t o
h e l p but has sent no t r o o p s .
(Embassy K i g a l i Telcon)
• (U) Twenty-one American c i v i l i a n s a f f i l i a t e d w i t h a
Seventh Day A d v e n t i s t m i s s i o n school are i n danger i n the
town of Mudende. As o f 11:30 EDT, they were a t t e m p t i n g
t o n e g o t i a t e w i t h a Rwandan mob which y e s t e r d a y k i l l e d 20
Rwandans. Elsewhere, Americans are r e p o r t e d s a f e .
(Embassy K i g a l i T e l c o n )
• (U)
I n K i g a l i , f i g h t i n g i s s h i f t i n g from the c e n t e r of
town toward r e s i d e n t i a l areas. About 200 RPF t r o o p s are
b a t t l i n g GOR f o r c e s , w h i l e rogue elements i n the GOR
m i l i t a r y are k i l l i n g c i v i l i a n s . Other RPF f o r c e s are
s t i l l i n t h e i r compound at the CND.
(Embassy T e l c o n )
• (U) Remaining members of the Government ( m o s t l y MRND)
met w i t h the m i l i t a r y command today t o discuss r e s t o r i n g
o r d e r . UNAMIR Commander D a l l a i r e i s a t t e m p t i n g t o
e s t a b l i s h a t r u c e between t h e GOR m i l i t a r y and the RPF.
He met w i t h GOR m i l i t a r y l e a d e r s , who seemed amenable t o
a t r u c e . (Embassy T e l c o n )
• (jt)
Gendarmerie COS N d i n d i l i y m a n a agreed t o p r o v i d e
e s c o r t t o the s o u t h e r n border f o r a p o s s i b l e U.S.
e v a c u a t i o n o v e r l a n d , as long as the RPF agrees t o stop
the f i g h t i n g .
(Embassy T e l c o n )
• (U) The Working Group i s i n phone c o n t a c t w i t h Laura
Lane at the Embassy. The Ambassador's phone l i n e i s o u t ,
and he can o n l y communicate by r a d i o . (Embassy T e l c o n )
Ml
AOARLENE RENDER
COORDINATOR
MARK KENNON
SENIOR WATCH OFFICER
DECL:OADR
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�IMMEDIATE
-eONFIDENTIAlT
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 01 OF 02
PRT: BERGER FUERTH ITOH KENNEY LAKE REED SIT SODERBERG WOLIN
SIT: CLARKER DESHAZER FILE RICE STEINBERG SUM SUM2 VAX
<PREC> IMMEDIATE <CLAS>
GONFIDEMTIMJ
<DTG> 081037Z APR 94
FM AMEMBASSY BRUSSELS
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC NIACT IMMEDIATE 63 54
INFO RUEHLGB/AMEMBASSY KIGALI IMMEDIATE 1572
RUEHJB/AMEMBASSY BUJUMBURA IMMEDIATE 0062
RUEHFR/AMEMBASSY PARIS IMMEDIATE 7266
RUEHDR/AMEMBASSY DAR ES SALAAM IMMEDIATE 0910
RUTAKM/AMEMBASSY KAMPALAKIMMEDIATE 0404
RUEHNR/AMEMBASSY NAIROBI IMMEDIATE 0025
RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK IMMEDIATE 0424
RUEKJCS/JCS WASHDC//J4//J5//IMMEDIATE
RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHDC//OASD/ISP//IMMEDIATE
RUSNTCC/USEUCOM VAIHINGEN GE//J3/J4/BATTLE STAFF//IMMEDIATE
RHCUAAA/CINCTRANS SCOTT AFB IL//J3/J4//IMMEDIATE
RHFQAAA/HQUSAFE RAMSTEIN AB GE//DC// IMMEDIATE
RUEKJCS/DIA WASHDC IMMEDIATE
C O N F I D E N T I A L BRUSSELS 03953
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: PGOV, PREL, PHUM, PREF, KDEM, RW, BY, BE
SUBJECT: CLAES ASKS SYG FOR CHANGE IN UNAMIR MANDATE; ASKS
FOR USG VIEWS AND SUPPORT
REF: A) JOHNSON MCCULLEY TELCON OF 4/8
1.
CONPIDENTIAL - ENTIRE TEXT.
2.
THIS I S AN ACTION CABLE. URGENT ACTION REQUESTED I N
PARA 4 BELOW.
3.
OFFICIAL I N CABINET OF BELGIAN FONMIN CLAES CALLED
EMBASSY MORNING APRIL 8 TO SAY THAT CLAES HAD SPOKEN TO
UNSYG BOUTROS-GHALI MORNING APRIL 8 TO URGE THAT UN
CONSIDER CHANGING/EXTENDING MANDATE OF UNAMIR: A) TO
PROTECT PEOPLE WHO WOULD BE I N DANGER SUCH AS REMAINING
RWANDAN POLITICIANS; AND B) TO ASSIST FOREIGN RESIDENTS
WHO NEED PROTECTION OR WISH TO LEAVE RWANDA IN AN
EVACUATION.
3. CLAES IS PRESSING FOR THIS CHANGE IN UNAMIR MANDATE
BECAUSE HE IS CONSCIOUS OF THE PERNICIOUS PRECEDENT
BELGIUM COULD SET I F I T WERE TO NATIONALIZE ITS TROOPS I N
RWANDA AND TURN THEM TO PERFORMING A NATIONAL MISSION OF
PROTECTION AND EVACUATION. THE BELGIAN MFA OFFICIAL
DECLASSIFIED
HINTED AT THE PRECEDENT THAT COULD BE USED BY COUNTRIES
P E R E.O. 13526
WITH TROOPS I N FORMER YUGOSLAVIA OR ELSEWHERE.
;)LOU- OSLUg- H
4. ACTION REQUESTED: THE BELGIAN MFA ASKED FOR A
8/18/15" K6H
RESPONSE ASAP ON WHAT THE U.S. POSITION WOULD BE ON CLAES'
' '
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
CONFIDENTIAL
�IMMEDIATE
CONFIDENTIAL
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 02 OF 02
REQUEST. I F POSSIBLE, THE BELGIANS WOULD LIKE US TO
SUPPORT THIS REQUEST ASAP WITH THE SYG AND AT THE UN. THE
BELGIANS HOPE FOR A RESPONSE FROM THE USG BEFORE THEIR
COUNCIL OF MINISTERS MEETS AT 3 PM APRIL 7 LOCAL TIME.
5. BUJUMBURA AND KIGALI MINIMIZE CONSIDERED.
BLINKEN
BT
#3953
NNNN
<MSGID> M0981761
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
-eONFtDENTtAt-
�IMMEDIATE
-CONriDCNTIAL
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOP.
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 01 OF 02
PRT: BERGER FUERTH ITOH KENNEY LAKE REED SIT SODERBERG WOLIN
SIT: BEERS BLEICKEN CLARKER DESHAZER FILE MITCHELL RICE STEINBERG SUM SUM2 V
<PREC> IMMEDIATE <CLAS> •CONFIDENTIAL
<DTG> 081337Z APR 94
FM AMEMBASSY BRUSSELS
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC NIACT IMMEDIATE 636 6
INFO RUEKJCS/JCS WASHDC IMMEDIATE
RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHDC//OASD/ISP// IMMEDIATE
RUSNTCC/USEUCOM VAIHINGEN GE//J3//J4/BATTLE STAFF// IMMEDIATE
RHCUAAA/CINCTRANS SCOTT AFB I L / / J 3 / J 4 / / IMMEDIATE
RHFQAAA/HQUSAFE RAMSTEIN AB GE//CC/DC/IN// IMMEDIATE
RUEKJCS/DIA WASHDC IMMEDIATE
RUEHFR/AMEMBASSY PARIS IMMEDIATE 7273
RUEHLGB/AMEMBASSY KIGALI IMMEDIATE 157 6
RUEHJB/AMEMBASSY BUJUMBURA IMMEDIATE 0066
RUEHDR/AMEMBASSY DAR ES SALAAM IMMEDIATE 0914
RUTAKM/AMEMBASSY KAMPALA IMMEDIATE 0406
RUEHNR/AMEMBASSY NAIROBI IMMEDIATE 0029
RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK IMMEDIATE 042 8
C O N F I D E N T I A L BRUSSELS 03967
PLEASE PASS NSC
DEPARTMENT FOR AF/C AND EUR/NE
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: PREL, MOPS, BE, RW, BE, FR, BY
SUBJECT: WGRWOl: PROPOSED BELGIAN MOD REQUEST FOR SUPPORT
1. j t - ENTIRE TEXT
2. EMBASSY DAO OFFICE HAS RECEIVED THE FOLLOWING MESSAGE,
SIGNED BY CHOD GEN. CHARLIER, FROM THE BELGIAN ARMED
FORCED OPERATION CENTER
QUOTE:
REQUEST FOR SUPPORT
BELGIAN JOINT STAFF I S ANTICIPATING AN OFFICIAL REQUEST TO
INVESTIGATE THE POSSIBILITY OF US FORCES PROVIDING
FOLLOWING SUPPORT:
1) AIRLIFT SUPPORT OF ONE PARA BN REINFORCED WITH TRACKED
VEHICLES PLUS ONE RECCE SQUADRON ON CVR-T FROM BELGIUM TO
A STAGING AREA I N CENTRAL AFRICA.
2) HELICOPTER SUPPORT FOR TRANSPORTATION OF SUFFICIENT
BELGIAN FORCES I N ONE AIRLIFT FROM THE STAGING AREA TO THE
AOR TO SECURE THE AIRFIELD.
3) EVENTUALLY MEDICAL SUPPORT.
DETAILS ABOUT THE EXACT COMPOSITION OF FORCES AND LANDING
AIRPORT WILL BE TRANSMITTED AS SOON AS A POLITICAL AND
OPERATIONAL DECISION I S TAKEN. US PARTICIPATION I N THIS
OPERATION WOULD BE WELCOME.
DECLASSIFIED
PER E.O. 13526
CONriDCNTIAt"
5/18/15- KBH
�IMMEDIATE
^K.r-.rMrK.T, A.
CONriDENTIAL
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 02 OF 02
SIGNED: J. CHARLIER, LTGEN, JS
END QUOTE
3. COMMENT. THIS MESSAGE IS A HEADS-UP FROM GEN.
CHARLIER'S OFFICE TO OUR DAO AND LISTS THE KIND OF
EQUIPMENT BELGIAN MOD REQUIRES TO RUN THE OPERATION THEY
ARE CURRENTLY PLANNING. POST EMPHASIZES THAT NO RPT NO
FORMAL REQUEST HAS YET BEEN MADE BY THE GOB. THE CABINET
HAS JUST CONVENED (3:00 P.M. LOCAL TIME) AND WE HAVE NO
INFORMATION ABOUT ANY DECISIONS TAKEN. AS SOON AS WE HAVE
INFORMATION ON THE CABINET'S DECISION WE WILL INFORM
DEPT. END COMMENT.
4. KIGALI AND BUJUMBURA MINIMIZE CONSIDERED.
BLINKEN
BT
#3967
NNNN
<MSGID> M0982103
OONriDCNTIAL
�IMMEDIATE
SECRET
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 01 OF 02
PRT: BERGER FUERTH ITOH KENNEY LAKE REED SIT SODERBERG WOLIN
SIT: BEERS CLARKER DESHAZER FILE MITCHELL MOZENA RICE STEINBERG SUM SUM2 VAX
<PREC> IMMEDIATE <CLAS> JECRET'
<DTG> 081049Z APR 94
FM AMEMBASSY BRUSSELS
TO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC NIACT IMMEDIATE 6358
INFO RUEKJCS/JCS WASHDC IMMEDIATE
RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHDC//OASD/ISP// IMMEDIATE
RUSNTCC/USEUCOM VAIHINGEN GE IMMEDIATE
RHCUAAA/CINCTRANS SCOTT AFB I L / / J 3 / J 4 / / IMMEDIATE
RHFQAAA/HQUSAFE RAMSTEIN AB GE//CC/DC/IN RAMSTEIN AFB GE IMMEDIATE
RUEKJCS/DIA WASHDC IMMEDIATE
RUEHFR/AMEMBASSY PARIS IMMEDIATE 7267
RUEHLGB/AMEMBASSY KIGALI IMMEDIATE 1573
RUEHJB/AMEMBASSY BUJUMBURA IMMEDIATE 0063
RUEHDR/AMEMBASSY DAR ES SALAAM IMMEDIATE 0 911
RUTAKM/AMEMBASSY KAMPALA IMMEDIATE 0405
RUEHNR/AMEMBASSY NAIROBI IMMEDIATE 0026
RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK IMMEDIATE 0425
C E C R E T BRUSSELS 03956
PLEASE PASS NSC
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: PREL, MOPS, BE, RW, BE, FR, BY
SUBJECT: WGRWOl: INFORMAL BELGIAN REQUEST FOR AIRLIFT FOR
KIGALI
1.
•CECRB'T - ENTIRE TEXT. ACTION REQUEST - PARA 3.
2.
BELGIAN JOINT CHIEFS PLANNERS ASKED DAO INFORMALLY
APRIL 8 AM WHETHER THE U.S. IS WILLING TO PARTICIPATE I N A
COMBINED OPERATION TO PROTECT AND/OR EVACUATE NATIONALS I N
RWANDA. THE PLANNERS SAID THEY ALREADY HAVE INDICATIONS
FROM FRANCE THAT I T I S WILLING TO PARTICIPATE I N SUCH AN
OPERATION BY CONTRIBUTING FOUR JAGUAR FIGHTER PLANES. THE
MOST URGENTLY NEEDED CONTRIBUTION FROM THE U.S. WOULD BE
AIRLIFT, ALTHOUGH OTHER SUPPORT COULD BE REQUIRED.
UNDER
THE MOST LIKELY BELGIAN INTERVENTION SCENARIO, THE GOB
WOULD ORDER A REINFORCED BATTALION-SIZED CONTINGENT
(APPROX 800 TROOPS) TO KIGALI. THE BELGIANS DO NOT/NOT
HAVE LIFT CAPACITY FOR THE EQUIPMENT REQUIRED BY SUCH A
CONTINGENT.
YlVCI ASSIFIED
3. ACTION REQUEST: THE GOB COUNCIL OF MINISTERS HAS
SCHEDULED AN URGENT MEETING FOR 1500 LOCAL (0900
WASHINGTON) TO DISCUSS MILITARY AND OTHER OPTIONS IN
RWANDA. IN ORDER FOR THE MILITARY PLANNING TO GO FORWARD
THE BELGIANS MUST KNOW WHETHER THEY CAN COUNT ON
GUARANTEED U.S. STRATEGIC AIRLIFT SUPPORT. PLEASE ADVISE
w ^ D l J n I^Slfi
rHiK IL.U. 1
^OW - O^t* 6' • \
g / l 3 / l 5 KBVA
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
SECRET
�IMMEDIATE
-SCOnCT
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 02 OF 02
URGENTLY WHAT RESPONSE WE CAN GIVE ABOUT U.S. INTENTIONS
TO ENGAGE I N COMBINED OPERATIONS TO THE BELGIAN PLANNERS
WHO WILL BRIEF THE MINISTERS.
4. KIGALI AND BUJUMBURA MINIMIZE CONSIDERED.
BLINKEN
BT
#3956
NNNN
<MSGID> M0981784
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�F:\Cable\Data Source\Cables\CD006\APR94\MSGS\M 1019975.html
Page 1 of 2
Cable
PREC
CLASS
LINE1
LINE2
LINE 3
LINE 4
OSRI
DTG
ORIG
TO
INFO
IMMEDIATE
eOHrtBDHTIAL
OAACZYUW RUCNDTA1794 1190058-CCCC—RHEHAAX.
ZNY CCCCC ZZH
0 290058Z APR 94
FM USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
RUCNDT
290058Z APR 94
USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 6027
RUEADWW/NSC WASHDC
RUEHBY/AMEMBASSY CANBERRA 1510
RUEHJB/AMEMBASSY BUJUMBURA 0199
SUBJ:
SECRETARY GENERAL SHARES CONCERNS ABOUT WAR
CRIMES TRIBUNAL, BURUNDI, RELATIONS WITH USG
TEXT:
L U N t 1 U L N T 1 A L'USUN NEW YORK 001794
EXDIS
DEPT FOR A/S DOUG BENNET
NSC FOR TONY LAKE
E.O.L2356: DECL:OADR
TAGS: PREL, UN, RW, BY, AS
SUBJECT: SECRETARY GENERAL SHARES CONCERNS ABOUT WAR
CRIMES TRIBUNAL, BURUNDI, RELATIONS WITH USG
1. -eONFI-DENT IAL - ENTIRE TEXT
2. WHILE VISITING USUN TO EXPRESS HIS CONDOLENCES ON
THE DEATH OF FORMER PRESIDENT NIXON, BOUTROS-GHALI
DISCUSSED WITH ME HIS CONCERNS ABOUT THE WAR CRIMES
TRIBUNAL, THE UN'S IMAGE IN AFRICA AFTER RWANDA, AND
INTERNATIONAL PERCEPTIONS OF A POOR US-UN RELATIONSHIP.
3. WAR CRIMES TRIBUNAL: THE SYG SAID HE WAS CONSIDERING
APPOINTING DEPUTY PROSECUTOR BLEWITT TO THE POSITION OF
PROSECUTOR NOTWITHSTANDING THE AUSTRALIA'S OBJECTIONS.
4. BURUNDI: REACTING TO AFRICAN CRITICISM OF THE UN
AFTER UNAMIR'S SCALE-DOWN,. THE SYG WANTS THE UN TO TAKE
PRO-ACTIVE STEPS IN BURUNDI. HE IS CONSIDERING SENDING
100 TO 200 UN TROOPS LEAVING RWANDA TO BURUNDI AS A
"PREVENTIVE" MEASURE.
5. RELATIONS WITH THE USG: ON HIS TRIPS TO EUROPE AND
ASIA, MANY OF THE SYG'S INTERLOCUTORS EXPRESSED CONCERN
THAT THE UN AND USG ARE PERCEIVED TO BE AT ODDS.
BOUTROS-GHALI WOULD LIKE TO MEET WITH PRESIDENT CLINTON
AFTER BOUTROS' RETURN TO THE US ON MAY 26. HE HAS NOT
SEEN THE PRESIDENT SINCE THE GA AND HAS NOT HAD A WHITE
HOUSE MEETING IN ALMOST A YEAR. IN ADDITION TO
SUBSTANTIVE ISSUES TO DISCUSS, SUCH A MEETING, HE HOPES,
WOULD HELP ALTER INTERNATIONAL PERCEPTIONS THAT THE US
AND UN ARE WORKING AT CROSS PURPOSES.
ALBRIGHT
BT
#1794
1
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
DECLASSIFIED
PER E.O. 13526
aou- OILS - n
8/18/15- K6M
�F:\Cable\Data_Source\Cables\CD006\APR94\MSGS\M1019975.html
NNNN
SECT: SECTION: 01 OF 01
SSN: 1794
TOR: 940428211937 M1019975
DIST:
SIT: NODIST VAX
•
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
Page 2 of 2
�F:\Cable\Data Source\Cables\CD007\MAY94\MSGS\M1035081.html
Page 1 of2
Cable
PREC: IMMEDIATE
CLASS: 'GONriDOWPIftE'
LINE1: OAACZYUW RUEHOTA2389 1261101-CCCC—RHEHAAX.
LINE2: ZNY CCCCC ZZH (CCY TEXT ADX43B6BD MSI3137)
LINES: 0 052120Z MAY 94 ZDK
LINE4: FM AMEMBASSY OTTAWA
OSRI: RUEHOT
DTG: 052120Z MAY 94
ORIG: AMEMBASSY OTTAWA
TO: RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK IMMEDIATE 0530
RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 8 696
RUEADWW/WHITEHOUSE WASHDC PRIORITY
INFO
CANADIANS WILL RAISE PREDICTABLE TOPICS
SUBJ
TEXT
6 0 H" T I D E N T I A L
LIMITED OFFICIAL USE OTTAWA 002389
DEPARTMENT FOR EUR/CAN (EHRNMAN)
WHITE HOUSE FOR NSC LAKE AND ITOH
C O R R E C T E D
COPY (TEXT PARA 2)
E.O. 12356: N/A
TAGS: OVIP (ALBRIGHT, MADELEINE K.), PGOV, UN, PREL, CA
SUBJECT: CANADIANS WILL RAISE PREDICTABLE TOPICS
REF: (A) USUN 1897; (B) OTTAWA 2366
PRIME MINISTER CHRETIEN
1. PRIVY COUNCIL OFFICE STAFFER TOLD POLMINCOUNS THAT
THEY VIEWED THE MEETING WITH PM CHRETIEN AS MORE OF A
"COURTESY CALL" THAN A SUBSTANTIVE DISCUSSION. THEY
INTEND TO PREPARE THE PM ON OBVIOUS POINTS: PEACEKEEPING
WRIT LARGE AND "WHERE IT MIGHT BE HEADING AT THE UN";
AND SPECIFIC ILLUSTRATIVE SUB CASES (BOSNIA, RWANDA AND
HAITI).
FOREIGN MINISTER OUELLET
2. IN 5 MAY DISCUSSION WITH POLMINCOUNS, DFA'S DIRECTOR
FOR INTERNATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS, MARK MOHER, SAID
THAT THE DFA BUREAUCRACY WOULD RECOMMEND (WITH THE
EXCEPTION OF BOSNIA) FOREIGN MINISTER OUELLET RAISE
GENERAL THEMATIC GOC CONCERNS, RATHER THAN GO THROUGH
EACH OF THE WORLD HOT SPOTS.
3. MOHER NOTED THE ISSUES THAT OUELLET WOULD ADDRESS
WERE REFLECTED AT THE OTTAWA 30 APRIL-1 MAY
"BRAINSTORMING" CONFERENCE ON UN PEACEKEEPING.
SPECIFICALLY, WHEN AND HOW THE UN SHOULD RESPOND TO
INTERNATIONAL CRISES? THE GOC BELIEVES MANDATES SHOULD
BE CREDIBLE, CAREFULLY ORCHESTRATED AND APPROPRIATELY
RESOURCED. ONCE AGREED BY THE UN, THEY NEED EFFECTIVE
POLITICAL DIRECTION AND SUPPORT.
4. ON BOSNIA, MOHER NOTED THAT GOC CONCERNS ARE WELL
DECLASSIFIED
PER E.Q. 13526
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y s/.a/.r K H
HTCP
6
�F:\Cable\Data Source\Cables\CD007\MAY94\MSGS\M1035081.html
KNOWN. HE SUGGESTED THAT "ONCE AGAIN" A PROPOSAL
APPEARS TO BE DEVELOPING (REGARDING BRCKO) WHERE THE GOC
HAS LITTLE INFORMATION.
DEPUTY DEFENSE SECRETARY FOWLER
SECT
SSN
TOR
DIST
5. FOWLER'S SPECIAL ASSISTANT TOLD POLMINCOUNS ON 5 MAY
THAT FOWLER WOULD RECEIVE BRIEFING PAPERS ON BOSNIA,
HAITI, RWANDA AND THE UN PEACEKEEPING "BRAINSTORMING"
CONFERENCE.
BLANCHARD
BT
#2389
NNNN
SECTION: 01 OF 01
2389
940507044955 M1035081
SIT: VAX
•
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
Page 2 of2
�CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCO!
SECRET
HAITI
P o l i t i c a l Developments: The m i l i t a r y ' s f i r s t reactitpn t o the nev
sanctions has been, as a n t i c i p a t e d , t o hunker down.
EO 13526 1.4c, EO 13526 1.4d
On Wednesday, Cedras pushed through the replacement o f
A r i s t i d e by a p r o v i s i o n a l President, Senior Supreme Court J u s t i c e
Emile Jonassaint, under A r t i c l e 149 of t h e c o n s t i t u t i o n . We have
denounced the new regime and r e i t e r a t e d our d e t e r m i n a t i o n t o
r e s t o r e democracy and the l e g i t i m a t e President. The OAS and UN
have a l s o r e j e c t e d the maneuver. The move i n f u r i a t e d
Congressional advocates of s t r o n g e r a c t i o n t o oust t h e m i l i t a r y
including force.
B u i l d i n g Pressure on t h e M i l i t a r y : We are developing a s t r a t e g y
combining diplomacy, s a n c t i o n s , discussions on r e c o n f i g u r i n g the
UN Mission and p o s s i b l e other a c t i o n s . Our goals are t o continue
the r e s t o r a t i o n o f our domestic, i n t e r n a t i o n a l and i n t e r n a l
H a i t i a n c r e d i b i l i t y begun May 8 and convey t o the H a i t i a n
m i l i t a r y t h a t s t a y i n g w i l l be worse than l e a v i n g . B i l l Gray, who
w i l l play a c r i t i c a l r o l e i n t h i s , w i l l be t h i s a f t e r n o o n f o r
i n i t i a l b r i e f i n g s . He w i l l a l s o drop by w i t h NGO's we are
seeing. We w i l l discuss w i t h him our thoughts on h i s r o l e w i t h
the H i l l , i n t e r n a t i o n a l l y and i n H a i t i .
Leon Fuerth i s c h a i r i n g an interagency sanctions task f o r c e
modeled on the s u c c e s s f u l Serbia experience.
You signed
documents Saturday implementing the UN's t a r g e t e d s a n c t i o n s and
non-scheduled f l i g h t ban. A second executive order on t h e f u l l
t r a d e sanctions w i l l be ready by May 21. We are c o n s i d e r i n g
o t h e r a c t i o n s i n c l u d i n g a u n i l a t e r a l stop t o U.S. passenger
f l i g h t s . The key t o enforcement remains the Dominican Republic.
The UN i s poised t o send t h e assessment team next week t h a t the
Dominicans requested. We are a l s o c o n s i d e r i n g sending a s e n i o r
envoy t o convey our i n s i s t e n c e on enforcement. The Dominican
s i t u a t i o n may be complicated i f , as seems l i k e l y , Monday's
e l e c t i o n i s marred by f r a u d and there i s unrest.
I n i t i a l contacts by Madeleine A l b r i g h t w i t h UN colleagues on UN
Mission r e c o n f i g u r a t i o n have spurred renewed press s p e c u l a t i o n
about our f o r c e p l a n n i n g . Canadian PM Chretien took her p o i n t s
on the UN Mission (and request t h a t Canada take refugees) under
advisement. The c o n s u l t a t i o n and eventual UNMIH f o r m a t i o n
process w i l l be important t o our pressure on t h e m i l i t a r y .
Migrants: Pursuant t o Saturday's d e c i s i o n , we e s t a b l i s h e d an
interagency task f o r c e t o s e t up the new processing system. The
group's f i r s t p r i o r i t y i s t o f i n d an onshore processing l o c a t i o n .
The B r i t i s h Turks and Caicos I s l a n d s , a t the south end o f the
Bahamas, are the f i r s t choice. We w i l l s h o r t l y ask you t o c a l l
John Major t o seek h i s approval.
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. 0. 13526
SECPET
D e c l a s s i f y on:
OADR
3/18/15-
KBH
�CLCfxET
SECRET
cuNT0NL1BRARYPH0T0C0PY
2
I n p a r a l l e l , DOD i s r e n t i n g an 800 passenger commercial vessel t o
serve as a near-term processing center which can be anchored a t a
dock o r close o f f s h o r e . State and INS are assembling
i n t e r v i e w e r s and DOD w i l l manage housekeeping. We aim t o have
the center ready by t h e end o f May. We w i l l a l s o approach t h i r d
c o u n t r i e s t o share i n refugee r e s e t t l e m e n t . To discourage a mass
o u t f l o w , USIA i s broadcasting i n H a i t i and INS i s t e l l i n g
H a i t i a n s here t h a t d i r e c t r e t u r n i s c o n t i n u i n g i n the meantime
and t h a t under t h e new procedures economic migrants w i l l s t i l l be
sent back.
Points t o Make
We have launched a coherent new approach t o H a i t i which can
r e b u i l d our c r e d i b i l i t y and, i f r i g o r o u s l y implemented,
o f f e r s the prospect of achieving our p o l i c y o b j e c t i v e s .
For i t t o work we have t o devote a l l our energies t o
implementation, whether on the d i p l o m a t i c f r o n t l e d by B i l l
Gray, the sanctions or making the new migrant process work.
A l l our p u b l i c statements and our a c t i o n s must r e i n f o r c e our
c r e d i b i l i t y and b u i l d the pressure on t h e m i l i t a r y .
As B i l l s e t t l e s i n we w i l l be developing a p o l i t i c a l
s t r a t e g y i n which he w i l l play t h e lead r o l e .
The sanctions are the major element o f pressure on t h e
m i l i t a r y . Leon Fuerth w i l l c h a i r t h e interagency task
f o r c e . As w i t h t h e successful Serbian s a n c t i o n s , I ask the
agencies t o leave no stone unturned under h i s d i r e c t i o n .
We made an important d e c i s i o n on Saturday about i n t e r v i e w i n g
boat migrants f o r refugee s t a t u s .
We are now t r y i n g t o t u r n t h a t d e c i s i o n i n t o a r e a l i t y w i t h
a l o t o f hard work i n a very s h o r t timeframe.
I a p p r e c i a t e the work t h a t your s t a f f s have done t o date and
we need t o keep p r e s s i n g .
At t h e same time we a l l need t o remember not t o a l l o w t h e
" p e r f e c t " t o become the enemy o f the "good enough." We need
to be processing boat migrants by t h e end o f May.
CECRET
�CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
SOUTH AFRICA/RWANDA
As you know, t h e Vice P r e s i d e n t r e t u r n s from h i s t r i p t o South
A f r i c a a few hours b e f o r e your meeting.
The Vice P r e s i d e n t s a i d
i n a meeting i n South A f r i c a w i t h UN S e c r e t a r y General BoutrosG h a l i , OAU Chairman Salim Salim and Tanzanian P r e s i d e n t Mwinyi
t h a t t h e U.S. was prepared, i n p r i n c i p l e , t o p r o v i d e some s u p p o r t
t o an i n t e r n a t i o n a l peacekeeping f o r c e t o c r e a t e an area o f
s a f e t y f o r t h e d i s p l a c e d persons w i t h i n Rwanda, p a r t i c u l a r l y
those on t h e Burundi border, p r o v i d e d t h a t t h e m i s s i o n were
c o n s i d e r e d v i a b l e and t r o o p s were a v a i l a b l e . T h i s approach was
p r e f e r a b l e i n our view t o a K i g a l i - c e n t e r e d e f f o r t t h a t would
i n v o l v e c o n f r o n t i n g t h e ongoing c i v i l war.
B o u t r o s - G h a l i d i d n o t s p e c i f i c a l l y address t h e Vice P r e s i d e n t ' s
p r o p o s a l . He noted t h a t a UN Peacekeeping m i s s i o n i n K i g a l i
would have t o be a Chapter V I o p e r a t i o n and would r e q u i r e 5,500
t r o o p s t o p r o t e c t t h e a i r p o r t , secure enclaves w i t h i n t h e c i t y
and ensure t h e supply o f h u m a n i t a r i a n a s s i s t a n c e . The t h r e e
l e a d e r s agreed t h a t t h e Vice P r e s i d e n t ' s p r o p o s a l r e p r e s e n t e d a
p o s s i b l e i m p o r t a n t i n t e r i m emergency measure t h a t c o u l d save
l i v e s b u t i s n o t alone an u l t i m a t e s o l u t i o n . T h i s meeting l a i d
the groundwork f o r d i s c u s s i o n s t h a t have c o n t i n u e d i n New York.
You should begin by asking the Vice P r e s i d e n t about h i s t r i p and
s p e c i f i c a l l y h i s d i s c u s s i o n s on Rwanda.
P o i n t s t o Make
I have s e r i o u s concerns about t h e UN's c u r r e n t proposed
approach on Rwanda which asks f o r an expanded UNAMIR f o r c e
of a t l e a s t 5,500 t r o o p s , w i t h o u r ambiguous mandate, who
would be based i n K i g a l i , t h e e p i c e n t e r o f t h e c o n f l i c t .
W i l l be d i f f i c u l t t o l o c a t e adequate numbers o f t r o o p s
w i l l i n g t o serve under these c i r c u m s t a n c e s .
The U.S. should s u p p o r t a w e l l - c o n c e i v e d peacekeeping
p r o p o s a l aimed a t p r o t e c t i n g those d i s p l a c e d persons a t
g r e a t e s t r i s k i n s i d e Rwanda. We, o f course, have a major
f u n d i n g problem b u t have t o weigh t h e consequences o f
e x a c e r b a t i n g our f u n d i n g problems a g a i n s t t h e tremendous
human c o s t s o f i n a c t i o n .
I don't b e l i e v e we can j u s t s i t
i d l y by.
I t i s i m p o r t a n t t h a t we ensure t i m e t o c o n s u l t on t h e H i l l
b e f o r e we a r e r e q u i r e d t o v o t e i n t h e S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l .
DECLASSIFIED
PER E.0.13526
CONriDENTIAL
D e c l a s s i f y on: OADR
^
j"
^
�-GQWriDDHTIAL
"UUHI yJLIN IIML
We should urge the UN t o explore and r e f i n e our a l t e r n a t i v e
and present the Council w i t h a menu of a t least two options
i n a formal report from t h e Secretary General along w i t h
cost estimates before the Security Council votes on changing
UNAMIR's mandate.
Questions t o Raise
W i l l the f i g h t i n g p a r t i e s i n Rwanda agree t o e i t h e r of these
arrangements?
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
CONF I DENT I A i r
�IMMEDIATE
-CONFIDCNTIAL"
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 01 OF 07
PRT: C M SIT
OM
SIT: CLARKER DESHAZER RICE SCHWARTZ SIGLER STEINBERG SUM SUM2 WHSR_OUT
<PREC> IMMEDIATE <CLAS> gONFIDEHTIAL
<DTG> 230446Z JUL 94
FM THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON DC
TO RUEHTA/AMEMBASSY ALMATY
RUEHAK/AMEMBASSY ANKARA
RUEHTH/AMEMBASSY ATHENS
RUEHSW/AMEMBASSY BERN
RUEHOL/AMEMBASSY BONN
RUCNTXF/AMEMBASSY BRATISLAVA
RUEHBS/AMEMBASSY BRUSSELS
RUEHBM/AMEMBASSY BUCHAREST
RUEHUP/AMEMBASSY BUDAPEST
RUEHBY/AMEMBASSY CANBERRA
RUEHCP/AMEMBASSY COPENHAGEN
RUEHDL/AMEMBASSY DUBLIN
RUEHHE/AMEMBASSY HELSINKI
RUEHKV/AMEMBASSY KIEV
RUEHLI/AMEMBASSY LISBON
RUEHLO/AMEMBASSY LONDON
RUFHBG/AMEMBASSY LUXEMBOURG
RUEHMD/AMEMBASSY MADRID
RUEHMO/AMEMBASSY M S O
OCW
RUEHNY/AMEMBASSY OSLO
RUEHOT/AMEMBASSY OTTAWA
RUEHFR/AMEMBASSY PARIS
RUEHPG/AMEMBASSY PRAGUE
RUFHRK/AMEMBASSY REYKJAVIK
RUEHRO/AMEMBASSY ROME
RUEHUL/AMEMBASSY SEOUL
/
RUEHGP/AMEMBASSY SINGAPORE
RUEHSF/AMEMBASSY SOFIA
RUEHSM/AMEMBASSY STOCKHOLM
RUFHTH/AMEMBASSY THE HAGUE
RUEHKO/AMEMBASSY TOKYO
RUEHBS/AMEMBASSY USEU BRUSSELS
RUFHVI/AMEMBASSY VIENNA
RUEHWR/AMEMBASSY WARSAW
RUEHWL/AMEMBASSY WELLINGTON
INFO RUEHJB/AMEMBASSY BUJUMBURA
RUEHDR/AMEMBASSY DAR ES SALAAM
RUTAKM/AMEMBASSY KAMPALA
RUEHKI/AMEMBASSY KINSHASA
TI^IV
RUEKJCS/JOINT STAFF W S D
AH C
PER E.O. 13526
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
^
m
A
|
CONriDENTIAL
ASSIFIFH
i ^ i
S/iS/ifT KBM
�IMMEDIATE
CONFIDENTIAL
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 02 OF 07
RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASH DC
RUEHC/SECSTATE WASH DC
RUFQAAA/USCINCEUR ALT SHAPE BE//ECCC//
RUEHGV/USMISSION GENEVA
RUCNDT/USMISSION US UN
C O N F I D E N T I A L
QQ
QQ
SECTION 1 OF 3
FOR THE AMBASSADOR OR CHARGE.
PLEASE DELIVER THE FOLLOWING LETTER TO AMBASSADOR/CHARGE AT EARLIEST
OPPORTUNITY.
USMISSION GENEVA: PLEASE PASS A COPY TO UNHCR OGATA.
BEGIN TEXT:
DRAFT CABLE TO FOREIGN HEADS OF STATE
--ON JULY 22, PRESIDENT CLINTON ANNOUNCED A "MASSIVE" USG
RELIEF EFFORT IN SUPPORT OF THE UNITED NATIONS EFFORT TO
ASSIST VICTIMS OF THE REFUGEE CRISIS IN RWANDA. TEXT OF THE
PRESIDENT'S ANNOUNCEMENT APPEARS AT PARAGRAPH
.
- W ARE EAGER TO ENSURE THAT THE SIZE OF THE USG RELIEF
-E
COMMITMENT NOT OBSCURE THE FACT THAT THIS IS AN INTERNATIONAL
EFFORT THAT REQUIRES THE FINANCIAL AND IN-KIND ASSISTANCE OF
ALL NATIONS WITH THE ABILITY TO HELP.
- W ARE EQUALLY CONCERNED THAT OTHER COUNTRIES SHARE OUR
-E
BELIEF IN THE IMPORTANCE OF EXPANDING UNAMIR, SO THAT
CONDITIONS CAN BE CREATED INSIDE RWANDA TO PERMIT RETURN OF
REFUGEES.
--FOR THIS REASON, EMBASSY IS REQUESTED TO TRANSMIT THE TEXT
OF THE FOLLOWING LETTER FROM PRESIDENT CLINTON TO THE HEAD OF
STATE OR GOVERNMENT AS SOON AS POSSIBLE. EMBASSY IS ALSO
REQUESTED TO REAFFIRM THE POINTS IN THE LETTER WITH
INTERLOCUTORS AT THE HIGHEST APPROPRIATE LEVEL. N SIGNED
O
ORIGINAL WILL FOLLOW.
--TO PARIS AND USEU BRUSSELS: EMBASSY SHOULD PROVIDE, AT THE
HIGHEST APPROPRIATE LEVEL, AN INFORMATION COPY OF THE
PRESIDENT'S LETTER AND INDICATE THAT IT IS BEING SENT TO
EUROPEAN AND OTHER HEADS OF STATE FROM POSSIBLE D N R
OO
NATIONS.
--TEXT OF LETTER TO HEADS OF STATE/GOVERNMENT:
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
-CONriDCNTIAL
�IMMEDIATE
-CONnDCNTIAL
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 03 OF 07
I WRITE TO INFORM YOU OF OUR EFFORTS TO ASSIST IN THE
INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE TO THE RWANDAN REFUGEE CRISIS AND TO
URGE YOU TO SUPPORT A GREATLY ENHANCED INTERNATIONAL EFFORT
TO DEAL WITH THIS TRAGEDY.
THIS MORNING I ANNOUNCED AN IMMEDIATE AND MASSIVE INCREASE IN
THE AMERICAN RESPONSE, INCLUDING AN ADDITIONAL $75 MILLION
IN CASH AND COMMODITIES TO ASSIST IN THE RELIEF EFFORT.
I ALSO ORDERED OUR DEFENSE DEPARTMENT TO ESTABLISH AND MANAGE
AN AIRLIFT HUB IN UGANDA, WHICH WILL BE USED AS A STAGING
AREA FOR AROUND-THE-CLOCK SHIPMENTS OF RELIEF SUPPLIES TO THE
REFUGEES. CONSULTATIONS ARE UNDERWAY N W WITH THE GOVERNMENT
O
OF UGANDA.
I DIRECTED OUR MILITARY TO ASSIST IN EXPANDING AIRLIFT
OPERATIONS NEAR THE REFUGEE CAMPS IN G M AND BUKAVU BY
OA
PROVIDING PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENT TO ENABLE AIRFIELDS TO
OPERATE ON A 24-HOUR BASIS. WE MUST INCREASE THE CAPACITY TO
RECEIVE, TRANSFER AND DISTRIBUTE GOODS AT THESE AIRFIELDS, AS
OUR AIM I S TO MOVE FOOD, MEDICINE AND OTHER SUPPLIES TO THOSE
IN NEED AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE.
FINALLY, I DIRECTED THE MILITARY TO ESTABLISH A SAFE WATER
SUPPLY AND TO DISTRIBUTE AS MUCH WATER AS POSSIBLE TO THOSE
AT RISK. SAFE WATER IS ESSENTIAL TO STOP THE OUTBREAK OF
CHOLERA AND OTHER DISEASES THAT THREATEN THE REFUGEES.
THESE EFFORTS ONLY ADDRESS FOUR OF EIGHT ESSENTIAL "SERVICE
PACKAGES" IDENTIFIED BY THE UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER
FOR REFUGEES, AND THE OVERALL RELIEF TASK IS MORE THAN THE
CIVILIAN RELIEF ORGANIZATIONS AND THE US AND FRENCH MILITARY
UNITS CAN HANDLE. IN PARTICULAR, THE UN HAS IDENTIFIED ROAD
SERVICING AND ROAD SECURITY, SITE PREPARATION, PROVISION OF
DOMESTIC FUEL AND SANITATION FACILITIES AS ADDITIONAL
ESSENTIAL "SERVICE PACKAGES." I F YOU HAVE MILITARY UNITS
THAT CAN OPERATE WITH OURS AND THE FRENCH TO DELIVER THESE
PACKAGES, ASSIST IN PROVIDING AND DELIVERING PARTS OF THE
PACKAGES TO WHICH THE US HAS ALREADY COMMITTED, AND/OR
PROVIDE OTHER HUMANITARIAN RELIEF (SUCH AS MEDICAL CARE AND
ENGINEERING SERVICES), I URGE YOU TO HAVE YOUR MILITARY
COMMANDER IMMEDIATELY CONTACT THE UNITED NATIONS HIGH
COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES AND GENERAL GEORGE JOULWAN AT THE
US EUROPEAN C M A D I ALSO URGE THAT YOU MAKE FINANCIAL
OMN.
ASSISTANCE AVAILABLE TO THE UN AND NON-GOVERNMENTAL
ORGANIZATIONS WHICH ARE RESPONDING TO THIS CRISIS.
CUNTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
CQNHDCNTIAL
�IMMEDIATE
GONriDCNTIAL
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 04 OF 07
SECOND, WE MUST MAKE IT POSSIBLE FOR THE REFUGEES TO RETURN
H M AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE. FOR THEM TO HAVE CONFIDENCE
OE
THAT THEY CAN DO SO IN SAFETY, THE UN PEACEKEEPING FORCE
UNAMIR MUST BE FULLY FUNCTIONING. UNFORTUNATELY, IT HAS
TAKEN MONTHS TO DEPLOY, DUE IN PART TO A LACK OF EQUIPMENT
FOR AFRICAN NATIONS THAT HAVE PLEDGED TO JOIN UNAMIR. THE
UNITED STATES HAS PROPOSED THE "ADOPT A BATTALION" PLAN
WHEREBY NATIONS WOULD PAIR WITH AFRICAN UNITS TO ENSURE THEY
ARE EQUIPPED AND CAN DEPLOY. WE HAVE PAIRED WITH THE
GHANAIAN BATTALION, AND HAVE DELIVERED 50 ARMORED PERSONNEL
CARRIERS FOR THAT UNIT LAST MONTH. I URGE YOU -- EITHER
ALONE OR IN CONCERT WITH OTHERS --TO OFFER TO THE UN TO
DEPLOY A PEACEKEEPING CONTINGENT OF YOUR OWN FORCES TO UNAMIR
OR TO OFFER TO PAIR WITH AND EQUIP ONE OF THE AFRICAN NATIONS
THAT HAVE OFFERED TO JOIN. EVERY DAY THAT UNAMIR IS NOT YET
FULLY FUNCTIONING IS ANOTHER DAY THAT REFUGEES WILL BE UNABLE
TO RETURN. AS A RESULT, MANY WILL DIE IN THE TERRIBLE
CONDITIONS THEIR EXILE HAS CAUSED.
I DEEPLY APPRECIATE YOUR CAREFUL CONSIDERATION OF THESE
CONCERNS.
C O N F I D E N T ! -ftr-fcr
QQ
QQ
SECTION 2 OF 3
SINCERELY,
BILL CLINTON
--TEXT OF PRESIDENT CLINTON'S JULY 22 ANNOUNCEMENT:
-BEGIN TEXT:
GOOD MORNING. I HAVE JUST MET WITH MY NATIONAL
SECURITY TEAM, AND I WANT TO TELL YOU ABOUT THE NEW STEPS I
HAVE ORDERED TO RESPOND TO THE SITUATION IN THE BORDER
REGIONS NEAR RWANDA.
THE FLOW OF REFUGEES ACROSS RWANDA'S BORDERS HAS
N W CREATED W A COULD BE THE WORLD'S WORST HUMANITARIAN
O
HT
CRISIS IN A GENERATION. IT IS A DISASTER BORNE OF BRUTAL
VIOLENCE AND, ACCORDING TO EXPERTS N W > N SITE, IT I S N W
O O
O
CLAIMING ONE LIFE EVERY MINUTE.
TODAY I AM ANNOUNCING AN IMMEDIATE AND MASSIVE
INCREASE IN OUR RESPONSE. THESE EFFORTS WILL BE DIRECTED
FROM THE WHITE HOUSE THROUGH MY NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISOR
CUNTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
CONFIDENTIAL
�IMMEDIATE
-6©NB&ENTfArt"
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 05 OF 07
ANTHONY LAKE, WORKING WITH DEPUTY SECRETARY OF DEFENSE
DEUTSCH, AID ADMINISTRATOR A W O AND GENERAL SHALIKASHVILI;
TOD
AND BRIGADIER GENERAL JOHN NIX OF OUR EUROPEAN C M A D WILL
OMN
C M A D A JOINT TASK FORCE TO HEAD OUR EFFORTS ON THE GROUND.
OMN
FROM THE BEGINNING OF THIS TRAGEDY, THE UNITED
STATES HAS BEEN IN THE FOREFRONT OF THE INTERNATIONAL
COMMUNITY'S RESPONSE. AS THE CRISIS HAS GOTTEN WORSE, OUR
RESPONSE HAS ALSO GROWN.
IN MAY, W E THE FIRST WAVE OF RWANDAN REFUGEES
HN
FLED TO TANZANIA, I ORDERED THE RELEASE OF $15 MILLION IN
AID. THESE MONIES HELPED TO PREVENT THE KIND OF PROBLEMS IN
TANZANIA WE ARE N W SEEING IN ZAIRE. SINCE THAT TIME, WE
O
HAVE AUTHORIZED AN ADDITIONAL $135 MILLION IN RELIEF IN THE
AREA. BEGINNING IN MAY, I ORDERED AN AIRLIFT OF RELIEF
SUPPLIES. SINCE THEN, WE HAVE FLOWN OVER 100 MISSIONS.
ON MAY 10TH, THE VICE PRESIDENT MET WITH THE UNITED
NATIONS SECRETARY GENERAL AND THE HEAD OF THE ORGANIZATION OF
AFRICAN UNITY IN AN EFFORT TO EXPAND THE U.N. PEACEKEEPING
FORCE IN RWANDA. THE FOLLOWING WEEK, THE SECURITY COUNCIL
APPROVED A RESOLUTION AUTHORIZING THAT EXPANSION. THEN I
ORDERED THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE TO PROVIDE EQUIPMENT,
INCLUDING 50 ARMORED PERSONNEL CARRIERS TO AID THE
PEACEKEEPERS.
THROUGHOUT JUNE AND JULY, I ORDERED INCREASES IN
OUR RELIEF EFFORTS AS THE CRISIS ESCALATED. I SENT SENIOR
ADMINISTRATION OFFICIALS TO THE REGION, INCLUDING BRIAN
ATWOOD, THE ADMINISTRATOR OF AID.
TODAY, I HAVE ORDERED AN IMMEDIATE MASSIVE INCREASE
IN OUR EFFORTS IN THE REGION IN SUPPORT OF AN APPEAL FROM THE
UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES. I'VE ORDERED
THE DEFENSE DEPARTMENT TO ESTABLISH AND MANAGE AN AIRLIFT HUB
IN UGANDA, WHICH WILL BE USED AS A STAGING AREA FOR AROUNDTHE-CLOCK OPERATIONS FOR SHIPMENTS OF RELIEF SUPPLIES TO THE
REFUGEES IN THE RWANDAN BORDER REGIONS. CONSULTATIONS ARE
UNDERWAY N W WITH THE GOVERNMENT OF UGANDA.
O
I HAVE DIRECTED THE DEFENSE DEPARTMENT TO ASSIST IN
EXPANDING AIRLIFT OPERATIONS NEAR THE REFUGEE CAMPS IN G M
OA
AND BUKAVU. WE WILL PROVIDE PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENT TO
ENABLE THESE AIRFIELDS TO OPERATE ON A 24-HOUR BASIS. I'VE
ORDERED OUR MILITARY TO INCREASE THE CAPACITY TO RECEIVE,
TRANSFER AND DISTRIBUTE GOODS AT THESE AIRFIELDS.. OUR AIM IS
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
L U F y
CONnDCNTIAL
�IMMEDIATE
CONFIDENTIAL
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 06 OF 07
TO MOVE FOOD, MEDICINE AND OTHER SUPPLIES TO THOSE IN NEED AS
QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE.
I'VE DIRECTED THE PENTAGON TO ESTABLISH A SAFE
WATER SUPPLY, AND TO DISTRIBUTE AS MUCH WATER AS POSSIBLE TO
THOSE AT RISK. SAFE WATER IS ESSENTIAL TO STOP THE OUTBREAK
OF CHOLERA AND OTHER DISEASES THAT THREATEN THE REFUGEES.
TODAY AND T M R O , ABOUT 20 MILLION ORAL
OORW
REHYDRATION THERAPY PACKAGES WILL BE DELIVERED -- PACKAGES
THAT WERE PURCHASED THROUGH AID AND DELIVERED ON U.S.
MILITARY AIRCRAFT TO THE REFUGEES IN ORDER TO TRY TO STEM THE
CHOLERA OUTBREAK.
OUR TASK IN RWANDA IS TWOFOLD: FIRST, TO ALLEVIATE
THE SUFFERING AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE; SECOND, TO TAKE STEPS
TO ESTABLISH CONDITIONS THAT WILL ENABLE THE REFUGEES TO
RETURN HOME. TO ACHIEVE THE SECOND OBJECTIVE, I HAVE ORDERED
THE STATE DEPARTMENT AND OUR AMBASSADOR TO THE UNITED
NATIONS, W O IS HERE WITH US TODAY, TO TAKE IMMEDIATE ACTION
H
TO HELP CREATE THOSE CONDITIONS. THE UNITED STATES WILL
SUPPORT AND URGE THE IMMEDIATE DEPLOYMENT OF A FULL
CONTINGENT OF UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPERS TO RWANDA TO
PROVIDE SECURITY FOR THE RETURN OF THE REFUGEES.
WE ARE MAKING CLEAR TO THE NEW LEADERS OF RWANDA
THAT INTERNATIONAL ACCEPTANCE, INCLUDING AMERICAN
RECOGNITION, DEPENDS UPON THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A BROAD-BASED
GOVERNMENT, THE RULE OF LAW, AND EFFORTS AT NATIONAL
RECONCILIATION. WE'RE TAKING ACTION TO COUNTERACT THE
PROPAGANDA OF THE EXTREMISTS HUTU ELEMENTS W O CONTINUE TO
H
URGE RWANDANS TO FLEE. TAKEN TOGETHER, THESE STEPS WILL HELP
TO RELIEVE THE SUFFERING OF.THE RWANDAN REFUGEES AND CREATE
CONDITIONS FOR THEIR RETURN HOME.
AS I SAID YESTERDAY, WE FACE HERE A GROWING HUMAN
CATASTROPHE. THE UNITED STATES NOT ONLY SUPPORTS THE EFFORTS
OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY, BUT I S AND WILL CONTINUE TO
TAKE A LEADING ROLE IN THOSE EFFORTS. IN THE DAYS TO COME AS
AMERICANS SEE THIS HEARTBREAKING UNFOLDING TRAGEDY, THE
-60 N F I D E N T I A L
QQ
QQ
FINAL SECTION OF 3
SUFFERING MUST NOT ONLY TOUCH OUR HEARTS, IT MUST MOVE
AMERICANS ALL ACROSS OUR NATION TO REACH OUT WITH THEIR O N
W
PRIVATE CONTRIBUTION TO RELIEF ORGANIZATIONS. AND IT MUST
MOVE US AS A NATION TO TAKE THE PRACTICAL ACTIONS THAT THIS
CLINTON LIBRAKY PHOTOCOPY
OONFIDENTIAL
�-GOUFJSENTtAt
IMMEDIATE
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 07 OF 07
CRISIS DEMANDS.
END TEXT
DECLASSIFY ON:
OADR
END TEXT
DECL: OADR
BT
#3985
NNNN
<MSGID> M1165950
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY CONFIDENTIAL
�nminnrfciTMu--
DECLASSIFIED
- B R E Tfr
G M B N tt
PER E.O. 156
32
DRAFT CABLE TO FOREIGN HEADS OF STATE
-On July 22, President Clinton announced a "massive" USG relief effort in support of the United
Nations effort to assist victims of the refugee crisis in Rwanda. Text of the President's announcement
appears at paragraph
.
--We are eager to ensure that the size of the USG relief commitment not obscure the fact that this is an
international effort that requires thefinancialand in-kind assistance of all nations with the ability to
help.
--We are equally concerned that other countries share our belief in the importance of expanding
UNAMIR, so that conditions can be created inside Rwanda to permit return of refugees.
-For this reason, Embassy is requested to transmit the text of the following letter from President
Clinton to the head of state or government as soon as possible. Embassy is also requested to reaffirm
the points in the letter with interlocutors at the highest appropriate level. No signed original will
follow.
—To Paris and ESEU Brussels: Embassy should provide, at the highest appropriate level, an
information copy of the President's letter and indicate that it is being sent to European and other heads
of state from possible donor nations.
-Text of letter to Heads of State/Govemment:
I write to inform you of our efforts to assist in the international response to the Rwandan refugee crisis
and to urge you to support a greatly enhanced international effort to deal with this tragedy.
This morning I announced an immediate and massive increase in the American response, including an
additional $75 million in cash and commodities to assist in the relief effort.
I also ordered our Defense Department to establish and manage an airlift hub in Uganda, which will be
used as a staging area for around-the-clock shipments of relief supplies to the refugees. Consultations
are underway now with the government of Uganda.
I directed our military to assist in expanding airlift operations near the refugee camps in Goma and
Bukavu by providing personnel and equipment to enable airfields to operate on a 24-hour basis. We
must increase the capacity to receive, transfer and distribute goods at these airfields, as our aim is to
move food, medicine and other supplies to those in need as quickly as possible.
Finally, I directed the military to establish a safe water supply and to distribute as much water as
possible to those at risk. Safe water is essential to stop the outbreak of cholera and other diseases that
that threaten the refugees.
These efforts only address four of eight essential "service packages" identified by the United Nations
High Commissioner for Refugees, and the overall relief task is more than the civilian relief
organizations and the US and French military units can handle. In particular, the UN has identified
road servicing and road security, site preparation, provision of domestic fuel and sanitation facilities as
•CONriDENTIAL
Declassify on:
OADR
C NIET L
OF NI
D A
-bUINriUui IIHL
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�COT'JFIDEimAL
eomomi
additional essential "service packages". If you have military units that can operate with ours and the
French to deliver these packages, assist in providing and delivering parts of the packages to which the
US has already committed, and/or provide other humanitarian relief (such as medical care and
engineering services), I urge you to haye your military commander immediately contact the United
Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and General George Joulwan at the US European
Command. I also urge that you make financial assistance available to the UN and non-governmental
organizations which are responding to this crisis.
Second, we must make it possible for the refugees to return home as quickly as possible. For them to
have confidence that they can do so in safety, the UN peacekeeping force UNAMIR must be fully
functioning. Unfortunately, it has taken months to deploy, due in part to a lack of equipment for
African nations that have pledged to join UNAMIR. The United States has proposed the "adopt a
battalion" plan whereby nations would pair with African units to ensure they are equipped and can
deploy. We have paired with the Ghanaian battalion, and have delivered 50 armored personnel carriers
for that unit last month. I urge you - either alone or in concert with others - to offer to the UN to
deploy a peacekeeping contingent of your own forces to UNAMIR or to offer to pair with and equip
one of the African nations that have offered to join. Every day that UNAMIR is not yet fully
functioning is another day that refugees will be unable to return. As a result, many will die in the
terrible conditions their exile has caused.
I deeply appreciate your careful consideration of these concerns.
Sincerely,
Bill Clinton
-Text of President Clinton's July 22 announcement:
1
* *• v
Good morning. I have just met with my national security team, and I want to tell you
about the new steps I have ordered to respond to the situation in the border regions near Rwanda.
The flow of refugees across Rwanda's borders has now created what could be the world's
worst humanitarian crisis in a generation. It is a disaster borne of brutal violence and, according to
experts now on site, it is now claiming one life every minute.
Today I am announcing an immediate and massive increase in our response. These efforts
will be directed from the White House through my National Security Advisor Anthony Lake, working
with Deputy Secretary of Defense Deutsch, AID Administrator Atwood and General Shalikashvili; and
Brigadier General John Nix of our European Command will command a joint task force to head our
efforts on the ground.
From the beginning of this tragedy, the United States has been in the forefront of the
international community's response. As the crisis has gotten worse, our response has also grown.
In May, when thefirstwave of Rwandan refugees fled to Tanzania, I ordered the release
of $15 million in aid. These monies helped to prevent the kind of problems in Tanzania we are now
seeing in Zaire. Since that time, we have authorized an additional $135 million in relief in the area.
Beginning in May, I ordered an airlift of relief supplies. Since then, we have flown over 100 missions.
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
•CONriDENTIAL
�CONriDENTHiL
On May 10th, the Vice President met with the United Nations Secretary General and the
head of the Organization of African Unity in an effort to expand the U.N. peacekeeping force in
Rwanda. The following week, the Security Council approved a resolution authorizing that expansion.
Then I ordered the Department of Defense to provide equipment, including 50 armored personnel
carriers to aid the peacekeepers.
Throughout June and July, I ordered increases in our relief efforts as the crisis escalated. I
sent senior administration officials to the region, including Brian Atwood, the Administrator of AID.
Today, I have ordered an immediate massive increase in our efforts in the region in
support of an appeal from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. I've ordered the
Defense Department to establish and manage an airlift hub in Uganda, which will be used as a staging
area for around-the-clock operations for shipments of relief supplies to the refugees in the Rwandan
border regions. Consultations are underway now with the government of Uganda.
I have directed the Defense Department to assist in expanding airlift operations near the
refugee camps in Goma and Bukavu. We will provide personnel and equipment to enable these
airfields to operate on a 24-hour basis. I've ordered our military to increase the capacity to receive,
transfer and distribute goods at these airfields. Our aim is to move food, medicine and other supplies
to those in need as quickly as possible.
I've directed the Pentagon to establish a safe water supply, and to distribute as much water
as possible to those at risk. Safe water is essential to stop the outbreak of cholera and other diseases
that threaten the refugees.
Today and tomorrow, about 20 million oral rehydration therapy packages will be delivered
~ packages that were purchased through aid and delivered on U.S. military aircraft to the refugees in
order to try to stem the cholera outbreak.
Our task in Rwanda is twofold: first, to alleviate the suffering as quickly as possible;
second, to take steps to establish conditions that will enable the refugees to return home. To achieve
the second objective, I have ordered the State Department and our Ambassador to the United Nations,
who is here with us today, to take immediate action to help create those conditions. The United States
will support and urge the immediate deployment of a full contingent of United Nations peacekeepers to
Rwanda to provide security for the return of the refugees.
We are making clear to the new leaders of Rwanda that international acceptance, including
American recognition, depends upon the establishment of a broad-based government, the rule of law,
and efforts at national reconciliation. We're taking action to counteract the propaganda of the
extremists Hutu elements who continue to urge Rwandans to flee. Taken together, these steps will
help to relieve the suffering of the Rwandan refugees and create conditions for their return home.
As I said yesterday, we face here a growing human catastrophe. The United States not
only supports the efforts of the international community, but is and will continue to take a leading role
in those efforts. In the days to come as Americans see this heartbreaking unfolding tragedy, the
suffering must not only touch our hearts, it must move Americans all across our nation to reach out
with their own private contribution to relief organizations. And it must move us as a nation to take the
practical actions that this crisis demands.
fw\,0 FZ/^r.
pnMnnrMTm
- O FD N I L
G N I E TA
LUNr!LLN I IAL
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�F:\Cable\Data_Source\Cables\CD008\JUL94\MSGS\Ml 173759.html
Page 1 of 3
-A
Cable
PREC:
CLASS:
LINE1:
LINE2:
LINES:
LINE4:
OSRI:
DTG:
ORIG:
TO:
IMMEDIATE
CONFIDENTIAL
OAACZYUW RUEHGVA6547 2081643-CCCC—RHEHNSC.
ZNY CCCCC ZZH ZZK
0 271642Z JUL 94 ZFF-4
FM USMISSION GENEVA
RUEHGV
271642Z JUL 94
USMISSION GENEVA
RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC NIACT IMMEDIATE 1788
RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK IMMEDIATE 9036
RHEHNSC/NSC WASHDC IMMEDIATE
INFO: * * * *
MRS. OGATA EXPRESSES CONCERNS ABOUT
SUBJ:
PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF WHO IS IN CHARGE OF RWANDAN
REFUGEE RELIEF; PROVIDES VIEWS ON KIGALI AS RELIEF
DEPOT
TEXT:
C O N F I D E N T I A L
EXDIS
C O R R E C T E D
SECTION 01 OF 02 GENEVA 06547
COPY, TEXT
DEPARTMENT PLEASE PASS TO OSD SECDEF PERRY
AND AID
DEPT FOR RP OAKLEY, AF/AS MOOSE, AND IO/AS BENNET
NSC FOR TONY LAKE
AID FOR ADMINISTRATOR ATWOOD
FROM THE AMBASSADOR
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: PREF, PREL,' PHUM, EAID, MOPS, R
W
SUBJECT: MRS. OGATA EXPRESSES CONCERNS ABOUT
PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF WHO IS IN CHARGE OF RWANDAN
REFUGEE RELIEF; PROVIDES VIEWS ON KIGALI AS RELIEF
DEPOT
1. 8 — ENTIRE TEXT.
2. SUMMARY: UNHCR SADAKO OGATA ADVISED ME OF HER
PLANS TO TRAVEL TO KIGALI ON FRIDAY, JULY 29.
SHE HOPES TO BE ABLE TO MEET WITH SECRETARY OF
DEFENSE PERRY, I F HE IS IN THE REGION, IN
PARTICULAR TO DISCUSS THE RELIEF EFFORT AND TO
DISPEL THE GROWING CONCERNS THAT THE HUMANITARIAN
OPERATION IS NO LONGER UNDER UN CIVILIAN CONTROL.
A TELEPHONE CALL POSSIBLY FROM PRESIDENT CLINTON
TO MRS. OGATA TO THANK HER FOR UNHCR'S LEADERSHIP
MIGHT ALSO BE APPROPRIATE BEFORE SHE INITIATES HER
TRAVEL. END SUMMARY.
3. I RECEIVED A CALL FROM UNHCR SADAKO OGATA THIS
AFTERNOON IN WHICH SHE INFORMED ME THAT SHE HAD
DECIDED TO TRAVEL TO KIGALI THIS FRIDAY EVENING
AFTER MEETING WITH DHA'S PETER HANSEN IN GENEVA.
(SHE REGRETS THAT HER TRAVEL PLANS WILL PREVENT
HER FROM MEETING WITH SECRETARY CHRISTOPHER WHEN
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. O. 13526
aou - oxU8- m
S/ia/15 KBH
�F:\Cable\Data Source\Cables\CD008\JUL94\MSGS\Ml 173759.html
HE ARRIVES IN GENEVA FOR THE BOSNIA MINISTERIAL.)
HER INTENTION IS TO FLY COMMERCIALLY TO NAIROBI
AND THEN TO OBTAIN A UN AIRCRAFT TO GO TO KIGALI.
AFTER TALKS IN KIGALI, SHE INTENDS TO TRAVEL BY
ROAD TO G M AND OTHER LOCATIONS IN EASTERN ZAIRE
OA
RETURNING TO GENEVA IN TIME FOR THE AUGUST 2
RWANDA PLEDGING CONFERENCE.
4.
DURING THE COURSE OF OUR CONVERSATION,
I RAISED A NUMBER OF ISSUES CONCERNING TENTATIVE
PLANS BY THE US RELIEF EFFORT TO PERHAPS MAKE USE
OF KIGALI AS A POSSIBLE JTF HEADQUARTERS AS WELL
AS SLOTTING RELIEF FLIGHTS INTO THAT AIRPORT.
I ALSO RAISED THE POSSIBILITY THAT THE SECRETARY
OF DEFENSE AND A/S MOOSE MAY ALSO TRAVEL TO THE
REGION THIS WEEKEND.
5.
MRS. OGATA FELT THAT THE USE OF KIGALI MADE
SENSE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF FACILITATING THE
DELIVERY OF HUMANITARIAN RELIEF SUPPLIES INTO
EASTERN ZAIRE AS WELL AS PART OF A REPATRIATION
STRATEGY FOR RWANDAN REFUGEES IN ZAIRE. SHE ASKED
WHETHER KIGALI WOULD SUPPLANT ENTEBBE AS A
LOGISTICS HUB AND I ASSURED HER THAT THIS WAS NOT
THE CASE.
6.
SHE THEN WENT ON TO INQUIRE WHETHER US
OPERATIONS IN KIGALI AND THE JTF ORGANIZATIONAL
APPROACH WAS PART OF THE US ACCEPTANCE OF UNHCR'S
FOUR SERVICE PACKAGES. I ASSURED HER THAT WE
WISHED TO W R CLOSELY WITH UNHCR AND THAT THE US
OK
MILITARY'S USE OF A JTF IN THE REGION WAS THE MOST
EFFICIENT WAY TO RESPOND TO THE MASSIVE
HUMANITARIAN REQUIREMENTS AND MEET THE OBLIGATIONS
WE HAD ASSUMED UNDER UNHCR'S MANDATE.
C O N F I D E N T I A L
EXDIS
C O R R E C T E D
SECTION 02 OF 02 GENEVA U~6?r7"
COPY, TEXT
DEPARTMENT PLEASE PASS TO OSD SECDEF PERRY AND AID
DEPT FOR RP OAKLEY, AF/AS MOOSE, AND IO/AS BENNET
NSC FOR TONY LAKE
AID FOR ADMINISTRATOR ATWOOD
FROM THE AMBASSADOR
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: PREF, PREL, PHUM, EAID, MOPS, R
W
SUBJECT: MRS. OGATA EXPRESSES CONCERNS ABOUT
AIRLIFT COULD LEAD TO THE MISPERCEPTION AMONG SOME
PARTIES THAT UNHCR HAD BEEN PUSHED ASIDE.
CUNTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
Page 2 of 3
�F:\Cable\Data Source\Cables\CD008\JUL94\MSGS\Ml 173759.htnil
EO 13526 1.4b, EO 13526 1.4d
T.
SHE ALSO SUGGESTED THAT IT WOULD BE IMPORTANT
FOR HER TO MEET WITH SECRETARY PERRY THIS WEEKEND
IN KIGALI OR IN SOME OTHER LOCATION TO BOTH
DISCUSS THE US RELIEF EFFORT AND TO CORRECT THE
VIEW OF UNHCR'S ROLE. SHE SAID THAT SHE-WOULD
LIKE TO "WELCOME" SECRETARY PERRY TO KIGALI I F HE
WERE TO COME THERE OR MEET WITH HIM AT SOME OTHER
LOCATION AS A WAY TO INDICATE HER AGENCY'S
INVOLVEMENT.
#6547
NNNN
SECT: SECTION: 01 OF 02
<"SECT>SECTION: 02 OF 02
SSN: 6547 < SSN>6547
TOR: 940728040341 M i n 3 7 5 9
< TOR>940728040951 M1173766
A
A
DIST:
SIT: NODIST NSC VAX
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
Page 3 of 3
�CONFIDENTIAL
6042
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
WASHING TON. D C 20506
July 27, 1994
INFORMATION
MEMORANDUM FOR ANTHONY LAKE.
THROUGH:
ALEXANDER VERSHBO\^/l/
FROM:
CRAIG KELLM^"
SUBJECT:
Your Meeting with French Defense Minister Francois Leotard,
July 29, 1:30 p.m.
By the time he meets with you, Leotard will have seen Secretary Perry, Gen. Shalikashvili, Strobe
Talbott, Sam Nunn, Lee Hamilton, and (immediately before your meeting) the Vice President.
EO 13526 1.4d
Bosnia:
next steps and tell Leotard that if the Contact Group is unable to come up with a
consequences package that pushes the Serbs toward compliance, it is inevitable that the
arms embargo will be lifted, either multilaterally or unilaterally.
Rwanda:. Coordination between our forces and the French in Goma is going smoothly, and the
GOF is relieved to have someone else on the ground. Balladur this week reiterated French
determination to wrap up Operation Turquoise by August 21. We need the French to stay
engaged until UNAMI
Operation Turquoise
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. O. 13526
CONFIDENTIAL
Declassify-on: OADR
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
low-oXbS- w
8/13/15"
K6W
�CONFIDENTIAL
2
Haiti: French intervention in Rwanda makes it even less likely thai the GOF will assign troops to
UNMIH -- beyond the 100 gendarmes already promised for training a new Haitian police force
(the gendarmes fall under Leotard's authority). The French support U.S. policy goals in Haiti and
would offer diplomatic backing for a coalition inlcrvcnlion force, but would not contribute troops.
You should welcome French support in New York and the commitment of gendarmes for
police training, but urge additional troop contributions to UNMIH.
CTBT: During her July 20 visit to Paris. Lynn Davis reiterated that U.S. promotion of early
progress in CTBlj
E0 13526 1.4d
France would like to see a CTBT concluded within the time-frame stipulated by U.S. legislation
(September 1996) but probably not before.
the importance of negotiating a CTBT as early as possible and remind Leotard that
progress toward a CTBT will greatly improve prospects for NPT extension. |
Algeria: While the Quai takes the lead on Maghreb issues. Leotard might reiterate that unrest in
Algeria is France's primary security concem. The French responded well to the President's
remarks on Algeria during his Paris visit,
If raised, you should underline
that we share France's concerns about unrest but believe that only by a greater political
and economic opening can the GOA avert major unrest.
Iran: France recently rescheduled its bilateral debt with Iran but insists that it will extend no new
official credit.
Concurrences by:
Don Kerrick, Richard Claikc, Manuel Rocha. Donald Steinberg, Steven | (,£ V
Andreasen, David Satterfield, Michael Froman
/
Attachment
Tab I
Biography
CONFIDENTL\L
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�V
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
Rwanda/Burundi
Background
While the crisis in Goma has stabilized in response to the international community's massive
humanitarian relief efforts, there are fresh concerns that the departure of the French troops set for
this weekend will cause a new wave of refugees from southwest Rwanda into Burundi or the
Bukavu region of Zaire. Along with the U.N., we have urged the French to coordinate their
departure with the arrival of new U.N. peacekeepers to ensure that displaced persons not lose
their sense of security. The French are under strong domestic pressure to pull their troops but
will likely be sensitive to the need for an orderly hand-off, especially if the new Rwandan
government asks them to do so.
We have about 2000 troops now in Goma and another 300 at the airport in Kigali. There are now
about 2300 U.N. troops in Rwanda (mostly Ghanaians and newly arrived Ethiopians). West
African forces totaling 500 now with Operation Turquoise will join the UNAMIR contingent.
The next contingents to arrive will be the battalions from Tunisia (1000) and Zambia (800). The
British, Canadians and Australians are providing logistical, medical and communications troops.
Concerns are increasing over the stability of Burundi. The rising tensions between the Tutsidominated military and the moderate Hutu government have encouraged extremists on both sides.
There are reports of mass ethnic killings, albeit fairly limited so far. We have urged the parties to
resolve the knotty presidential succession issue, ensured a steady stream of high-level visitors,
provided humanitarian relief and re-doubled our efforts to get U.N. peacekeepers deployed in
Rwanda to prevent a destabilizing flow of new refugees to Burundi.
Questions for Discussion
Y<ve|wilj/-es]
What are the French plans for withdrawal at this point? Howywejwiiyrespond if we see a
new mass migration into Bukavu or Burundi?
What more can we can do to get the new UNAMIR battalions, including the Tunisians
and Zambians, fully deployed?
What is the new Rwandan Government doing to broaden its base and create the security
conditions needed to attract refugees back? HQ.W does the move tu cr6ate-a-smirTufe"to
bring to justice thuac aciuM-il of atrocitieo in Rwanda^ptff into-thts? •
How unstable is Buaindi? Hew pessimistic-was-the U.N. r.urvcy team's assessment? Is
there anything we can do?
What are our plans for drawing down our military involvement and turning over functions
to private contractors?
-SECRET
Declassify on: OADR
or-^r^r—r
01'
Cj i \
' 8
DECLASSIFIED
PER E.O. 13526
aoW-OaiaS-fO
�CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
SECRET
North Korea
Background
The August 12 U.S.-DPRK agreed statement was generally well received. Some in South Korea
worry that the U.S. will move too quickly to extend diplomatic recognition to North Korea, to the
ROK's detriment. Your telephone call to President Kim Young Sam helped allay these concerns
and your commitment to close cooperation with the South is being highlighted by ROK officials in
their press backgrounding.
On August 15, President Kim announced the South's willingness to support an LWR project in
North Korea, provided the North agrees to complete transparency in its nuclear program. We
told the North it must be in full compliance with IAEA safeguards obligations, including special
inspections if necessary, before an LWR will be supplied. This was also reassuring to the ROK.
The next session of U.S.-DPRK talks begins on September 23.
Bob Gallucci will visit Seoul and Tokyo in early September to firm upfinancingand technical
aspects of our LWR proposal, laying the groundwork for an assurance to the DPRK.
Questions for Discussion
Do any of our negotiating positions need to be examined before our September meeting
with the North? What do we expect to be the outcome on disposition of the spent fuel
andreloadingof their reactor?
^y/flb^do^TJlsvelo^
Do we need to coordinate even more closely with the South, given ROK nervousness
about improved U.S.-DPRK relations?
Do recent developments change DOD's assessment of our military posture and the
adequacy of our defenses?
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. O. 13526
SECRET
EC RET
8/18/15"
K8H
�SECRET
SECRET
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOI
Algeria
Background
Algeria's political stability and internal security situation continue to decline. An increasingly
radical Islamist opposition is now targetting foreigners: 63 have been killed since last September;
one-third of those since early July. The security situation for ordinary Algerians, for security and
military personnel, and for prominent secular intellectuals is also grim. The government has
designated nearly a third of its armed forces for counterinsurgency and counterterrorism
operations. The special counterrorist forces are believed to be competent and loyal, although it is
clear that elements in the internal security services and police are ill-trained and vulnerable to
recruitment to the Islamist camp.
The regime's political and economic efforts have fallen short of the mark. President Zeroual has
offered to hold a dialogue with political parties other than the Islamic Salvation Front (FIS). This
has generated neither a positive responsefromleading politicalfiguresnor optimism from the
public. The Prime Minister announced a new economic reform program on August 7 which
addresses some international concerns and is consistent with Algeria's IMF program. But most
Algerians will not see any change in their daily lives and it may be too late to restore political calm
with economic measures.
Our policy has consistently focused on political and economic reforms as the only solution to the
crisis. We support the regime's efforts to work with the IMF and the Paris Club, but feel their
political gestures have been insufficient to create a new dynamic inside the country. We urge the
regime to engage as wide a range of political forces — not including violent groups ~ so that a
restoration of a political process can begin. Our support for a dialogue with opposition does not
mean that we would favor bringing the FIS into the government.
Our policy has been generally consistent with the approach of western allies and regional states,
though press accounts exaggerate policy differences between France and the United States.
EO 13526 1.4d
Questions for Discussion
Are we adequately prepared for evacuation of American citizens should the security
situation deteriorate further?
SECRET
Declassify on: OADR
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. O. 13526
S/iS/iSV KQH
�SECRET
C L I N T 0 NLIBRARY
SECRET
Is there more we can or should do to coordinate our policies with France and with
Morocco and Tunisia?
EO 13526 1.4d
What would the economic repercussions be for the United States if the regime fails to
regain control of the situation?
Is there a need for more diplomatic involvement to promote an internal dialogue in the
country? Could it make a difference?
SECRET
SECRET
P OOOY
HTCP
�CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
Rwanda/Burundi
Background
While the crisis in Goma has stabilized in response to the international community's massive
humanitarian relief efforts, there are fresh concerns that the departure of the French troops set for
this weekend will cause a new wave of refugees from southwest Rwanda into Burundi or the
Bukavu region of Zaire. Along with the U.N., we have urged the French to coordinate their
departure with the arrival of new U.N. peacekeepers to ensure that displaced persons not lose
their sense of security. The French are under strong domestic pressure to pull their troops but
will likely be sensitive to the need for an orderly hand-off, especially if the new Rwandan
government asks them to do so.
We have about 2000 troops now in Goma and another 300 at the airport in Kigali. There are now
about 2300 U.N. troops in Rwanda (mostly Ghanaians and newly arrived Ethiopians). West
African forces totaling 500 now with Operation Turquoise will join the UNAMIR contingent.
The next contingents to arrive will be the battalions from Tunisia (1000) and Zambia (800). The
British, Canadians and Australians are providing logistical, medical and communications troops.
Concerns are increasing over the stability of Burundi. The rising tensions between the Tutsidominated military and the moderate Hutu government have encouraged extremists on both sides.
There are reports of mass ethnic killings, albeit fairly limited so far. We have urged the parties to
resolve the knotty presidential succession issue, ensured a steady stream of high-level visitors,
provided humanitarian relief and re-doubled our efforts to get U.N. peacekeepers deployed in
Rwanda to prevent a destabilizing flow of new refugees to Burundi.
Questions for Discussion
What are the French plans for withdrawal at this point? How will we respond if we see a
new mass migration into Bukavu or Burundi?
What more can we can do to get the new UNAMIR battalions, including the Tunisians
and Zambians, fully deployed?
What is the new Rwandan Government doing to broaden its base and create the security
conditions needed to attract refugees back?
How unstable is Burundi? Is there anything we can do?
What are our plans for drawing down our military involvement and turning over functions
to private contractors?
^ _ _
Declassify on: OADR
W
W 0\ (U.^
DECLASSIFIED
PER E.O. 13526
6 / I S / iS" KBM
�SECRET
SECRET
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPI
North Korea
Background
The August 12 U.S.-DPRK agreed statement was generally well received. Some in South Korea
worry that the U.S. will move too quickly to extend diplomatic recognition to North Korea, to the
ROK's detriment. Your telephone call to President Kim Young Sam helped allay these concerns
and your commitment to close cooperation with the South is being highlighted by ROK officials in
their press backgrounding.
On August 15, President Kim announced the South's willingness to support an LWR project in
North Korea, provided the North agrees to complete transparency in its nuclear program. We
told the North it must be in full compliance with IAEA safeguards obligations, including special
inspections if necessary, before an LWR will be supplied. This was also reassuring to the ROK.
The next session of U.S.-DPRK talks begins on September 23.
Bob Gallucci will visit Seoul and Tokyo in early September to firm upfinancingand technical
aspects of our LWR proposal, laying the groundwork for an assurance to the DPRK.
Questions for Discussion
Do any of our negotiating positions need to be examined before our September meeting
with the North? What do we expect to be the outcome on disposition of the spent fuel
and reloading of their reactor?
Do we need to coordinate even more closely with the South, given ROK nervousness
about improved U.S.-DPRK relations?
Do recent developments change DOD's assessment of our military posture and the
adequacy of our defenses?
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. O. 13526
SECRET
SECRET
a/13/15- K8H
�Kelly, Craig A.
From:
To:
Subject:
Date:
Kelly, Craig A.
@UP - APNSA Special Assistants
Leotard Meeting
Friday, July 29, 1994 12:26PM
Message for Tony Lake:
A few updates based on Leotard's other meetings around town:
Bosnia
- Leotard told Talbott this morning that the French were very positive about the Secretary's letter to Juppe.
Leotard echoed what he told Perry yesterday: we need to move immediately on sanctions and strict enforcement
of current zones (assuming UNPROFOR troops have enough time to re-group); extending to other zones will
require more troops.
- Lifting arms embargo will mean real war and a pull-out of the Europeans.
Rwanda
- Leotard is accompanying Balladur to Africa and will be in Goma on Sunday. Leotard plans to see Perry there,
and would like to do a joint visit to each other's "zones."
- So far, no one on our side has pressed Leotard about the need for French troops to stay until UNAMIR
deploys, and for the GOF to do everything possible to build up the Francophone contingent to a fully equipped
battalion (800; it now stands at 500). We and Dick Clarke think it would be very useful if you made these points
to Leotard.
Haiti
- Leotard sounded more positive than the French have so far about sending troops to UNMIH. Not clear if he is
out in front of his government.
Leotard wiil be accompanied by Amb. Andreani and MOD adviser Gerard Araud. Amb. Harriman will also attend.
Page 1
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�F:\Cable\Data_Source\Cables\CD008\AUG94\MSGS\M1211554.html
Page 1 of 8
Cable
PREC:
CLASS:
LINE1:
LINE2 :
LINE3:
LINE4:
OSRI:
DTG:
ORIG:
TO:
INFO:
SUBJ:
PRIORITY
CONFIDENTIAL
PAACZYUW RUEHROA34'78 23117 00-CCCC—RHEHAAX .
ZNY CCCCC ZZH
P 191700Z AUG 94
FM AMEMBASSY ROME
RUEHRO
191700Z AUG 94
AMEMBASSY ROME
RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 8925
RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHDC
SCENESETTER FOR ITALIAN MOD CESARE
PREVITI'S SEPT 13 MEETING WITH NATIONAL SECURITY
ADVISOR ANTHONY LAKE
TEXT:
C O N F I
D E N T I A L
SECTION 01 OF 05 ROME 013478
STATE PASS NSC
SECDEF FOR OSD/ISP LAZARUS
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: MARR, PGOV, PREL, OVIP, IT
SUBJECT: SCENESETTER FOR ITALIAN MOD CESARE
PREVITI'S SEPT 13 MEETING WITH NATIONAL SECURITY
ADVISOR ANTHONY LAKE
REF: A) ROME 12658 B) ROME 12219
1. CONFIDENTIAL
ENTIRE TEXT
SUMMARY
2. DESPITE THE RECENT DOMESTIC POLITICAL TURMOIL
AND THE WHOLESALE TURNOVER IN ITALIAN POLITICS SINCE
THE MARCH 1994 ELECTION, ITALY'S NEW POLITICAL
LEADERS FROM RIGHT TO LEFT HAVE PROVIDED REASSURANCE
OF SUPPORT FOR A VIABLE U.S. PRESENCE IN ITALY.
MOST ITALIANS CONTINUE TO SEE THE U.S. AND NATO
PRESENCE AS AN ESSENTIAL BULWARK OF REGIONAL
SECURITY AND STABILITY.
3. ITALIAN DEFENSE MINISTER CESARE PREVITI, A
BERLUSCONI CONFIDANT, HAS EMERGED AS A KEY MEMBER OF
THE NEW GOVERNMENT. HE HAS ATTEMPTED TO BREAK
THROUGH THE POLITICAL PARALYSIS WHICH HAS KEPT
CONSIDERATION OF MILITARY RESTRUCTURING OFF THE
AGENDA, AND HAS PUSHED FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF DEFENSE
REFORMS INCLUDING: EQUIPMENT MODERIZATION; A SMALLER
PROFESSIONAL MILITARY; PRESERVATION OF ITALY'S
DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE; AND EMPHASIS OF MOBILE
REACTION CAPABILITY OVER STATIC DEFENSE. IN HIS
MEETING WITH THE NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISOR, PREVITI
CONFIDENTIAL
WILL WANT AN ASSESSMENT OF THE SITUATION IN THE
FORMER YUGOSLAVIA AND WILL BE PREPARED TO BRIEF ON
THE RESULTS OF FOREIGN MINISTER MARTTNO'S EARLY
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
SEPTEMBER TRIP TO ALBANIA. PREVITI MAY ALSO RAISE
PER E. O. 13526
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPV
8/13/ JS" KBH
�F:\Cable\Data_Source\Cables\CD008\AUG94\MSGS\M 1211554.html
Page 2 of 8
THE ITALIAN PROPOSAL FOR A MULTINATIONAL
HUMANITARIAN TASK FORCE. END SUMMARY.
THE POLITICAL SETTING: BERLUSCONI UNDER SEIGE
4. THE RECENT UPROAR OVER PRIME MINISTER
BERLUSCONI'S FAILED ATTEMPT TO ISSUE A DECREE LAW
LIMITING THE JUDICIAL PRACTICE OF PREVENTIVE
DETENTION HAS SUBSIDED, ONLY TO BE REPLACED BY NEW
POLITICAL PROBLEMS, INCLUDING CONTROVERSY OVER
CONFLICT OF INTEREST ISSUES INVOLVING BERLUSCONI'S
FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, MORE DISCLOSURES OF FINANCIAL
IRREGULARITIES, AND SNIPING FROM BOTH OUTSIDE AND
WITHIN THE RULING COALITION.
5. THE PRIME MINISTER HAS PATCHED UP RELATIONS WITH
ERSTWHILE COALITION PARTNER UMBERTO BOSSI, AND
BERLUSCONI'S UNEASY TRIPARTITE COALITION REMAINS
INTACT, DUE IN NO SMALL PART TO THE REALIZATION
AMONG HIS PARTNERS THAT THEIR ONLY CHANCE TO GOVERN
IS TO REMAIN WITHIN THE COALITION. MOREOVER,
OPPOSITION PARTIES ADMIT THEY NEED TIME TO REGROUP
AFTER THEIR POOR SHOWING IN THE MARCH AND JUNE
ELECTIONS; THEY ARE IN NO SHAPE TO CONTEST AN EARLY
ELECTION. FOR THE TIME BEING, BERLUSCONI MAY RIDE
OUT THE POLITICAL STORM SIMPLY BECAUSE OF THE
WEAKNESS OF HIS ENEMIES. NEVERTHELESS, HIS RECENT
TRAVAILS UNDERSCORE THE MAGNITUDE OF THE CHALLENGES
HE FACES IN RESHAPING ITALY'S POLITICAL CULTURE AND
IN MEETING THE ENORMOUS PUBLIC EXPECTATIONS WHICH
ACCOMPANIED HIS METEORIC RISE TO OFFICE.
GOI FOREIGN/DEFENSE POLICIES: CONTINUITY, NOT CHANGE
6. DESPITE CONTINUING DOMESTIC POLITICAL TURMOIL
AND THE MASSIVE TURNOVER IN ITALIAN POLITICS SINCE
THE MARCH 199.4 ELECTION, CONTINUITY—RATHER THAN
CHANGE--REMAINS THE HALLMARK OF ITALY'S FOREIGN AND
DEFENSE POLICIES. ITALY'S NEW LEADERS FROM LEFT TO
RIGHT HAVE PROVIDED REASSURANCE OF SUPPORT FOR A
VIABLE U.S. PRESENCE IN ITALY. THE SWEEPING U.S.
CONFIDENTIAL
MILITARY D A D W S THAT HAVE OCCURRED IN OTHER
RWON
ALLIED COUNTRIES ARE ABSENT HERE, AND MOST ITALIANS
CONTINUE TO SEE THE U.S. AND NATO PRESENCE AS
ESSENTIAL TO PROTECT ITALY AGAINST EXTERNAL THREATS
AND FOR MEDITERRANEAN SECURITY AND STABILITY.
PROXIMITY TO BOSNIA AND NORTH AFRICA GIVE ITA
LY A
MULTI-LAYERED SET OF SECURITY CONCERNS. AS DURING
THE GULF WAR WITH IRAQ, NATO BASES IN ITALY AND
ITALIAN AIR CLEARANCES HAVE PROVED ESSENTIAL TO
PEACEMAKING ACTIVITIES IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA.
C O U r i D O H T I A L
SECTION 02 OF 05 ROME 013478
STATE PASS NSC
SECDEF FOR OSD/.ISP LAZARUS
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: MARR, PGOV, PREL, OVIP, IT
SUBJECT: SCENESETTER FOR ITALIAN MOD CESARE
PREVITI'S SEPT 13 MEETING WITH NATIONAL SECURITY
ADVISOR ANTHONY LAKE
" N O LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
MTN
�F:\Cable\Data_Source\Cables\CD008\AUG94\MSGS\M 1211554.html
7. IN GENERAL, ITALY'S FOREIGN AND DEFENSE POLICIES
HAVE HAD A STRONG MULTILATERAL DIMENSION, AND ITALY
HAS TENDED TO SEEK AN EU CONSENSUS IN INTERNATIONAL
TORA. I
EP, 13536 1,41?, EQ 13539 1,44
CESARE PREVITI: ACTIVIST MEMBER OF BERLUSCONI'S
INNER CIRCLE
8. NAMED DEFENSE MINISTER IN A LAST MINUTE JOB
SWITCH, CESARE PREVITI IS A RELATIVE NEOPHYTE T
DEFENSE ISSUES. HOWEVER, HE BROUGHT TO HIS JOB A
STRONG MANAGERIAL BACKGROUND AND LONGTIME MEMBERSHIP
IN PRIME MINISTER BERLUSCONI'S INNER CIRCLE, GIVING
HIM CLOUT NOT ENJOYED BY HIS PREDECESSORS. WHILE
THE CORRUPTION INVESTIGATIONS WHICH LED TO THE FARREACHING POLITICAL CHANGES IN THE MARCH 1994
ELECTIONS DID NOT IMPLICATE THE MILITARY, THE '
CONFIDENTIAL
DEFENSE SECTOR NEVERTHELESS SUFFERED AS POLITICAL
PARALYSIS KEPT CONSIDERATION OF MILITARY
RESTRUCTURING OFF THE AGENDA. PREVITI HAS ATTEMPTED
TO BREAK THROUGH THIS LOGJAM DURING HIS FIRST 100
DAYS IN OFFICE, MOST NOTABLY BY PUSHING FOR THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DEFENSE MINISTRY'S RECENT
REVISION OF THE N W DEFENSE MODEL, TO BE IMPLEMENTED
E
OVER THE NEXT DECADE. THE MODEL REPORTEDLY CALLS
FOR EQUIPMENT MODERNIZATION, PRESERVATION OF ITALY'S
DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE, AND EMPHASIZES MOBILE
REACTION CAPABILITY OVER STATIC DEFENSE.
9. IN HIS MEETING WITH THE NATIONAL SECURITY
ADVISOR, MOD PREVITI WILL WANT AN ASSESSMENT OF THE
SITUATION IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA. HE WOULD ALSO
BE PREPARED TO DISCUSS:
--ITALIAN PARTICIPATION IN PFP EXERCISES: DURING
HIS MEETING WITH SECDEF PERRY IN AVIANO JULY 22, THE
ITALIAN CHIEF OF STAFF TOLD US THAT ITALY WILL
PARTICIPATE IN A PFP EXERCISE WITH POLAND NEXT
SEPTEMBER, HAS PROPOSED A NAVAL EXERCISE IN THE
SPRING, AND WILL HOST A LAND EXERCISE NEXT YEAR WITH
POLAND, THE CZECH REPUBLIC, AND HUNGARY. WE WANT TO
ENCOURAGE ITALY TO PARTICIPATE IN EXERCISES WITH
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOi
Page 3 of 8
�F:\CabIe\Data_Source\CabIes\CD008\AUG94\MSGS\MI21 lS54.html
Page 4 of 8
SOUTHERN TIER EECS ALSO
--ALBANIA: BECAUSE OF HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY, THE
ITALIANS HAVE A. PARTICULAR INTEREST IN ALBANIA.
FOREIGN MINISTER MARTINO IS VISITING ALBANIA IN
EARLY SEPTEMBER, AND MOD PREVITI WILL BE PREPARED TO
BRIEF ON THE RESULTS OF THE MARTINO VISIT.
--ITALIAN PEACEKEEPING PROPOSAL: AT THE JULY NAC,
THE ITALIAN SIDE PROPOSED THE FORMATION OF A
MULTINATIONAL HUMANITARIAN TASK FORCE, COMPOSED OF
SMALL, HIGHLY SPECIALIZED CONTINGENTS. MOD PREVITI
MAY GIVE HIS VIEWS ON WHERE AND H W SUCH A FORCE
O
WOULD BE USED. RWANDA, OF COURSE, WAS THE EMERGENCY
WHICH LED PRIME MINISTER BERLUSCONI AND PREVITI TO
MAKE THE PROPOSAL AND SEARCH FOR WAYS TO REACT
QUICKLY TO PREVENT WORST-CASE SCENARIOS. MOD
PREVITI WOULD BE INTERESTED IN OUR VIEW ON H W THESE
O
FORCES COULD BE ORGANIZED, EQUIPPED, SUPPORTED, AND
EMPLOYED, AND MAY DISCUSS THE MATTER BOTH AT DOD AND
NSC. CREAGAN
2838
CONFIDENTIAL
PROG 08/19/94
CHARGE:JFCREAGAN
PM:TTANOUE
e 0 N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 03 OF 05 ROME 013478
STATE PASS NSC
SECDEF FOR OSD/ISP LAZARUS
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: MARR, PGOV, PREL, OVIP, IT
SUBJECT: SCENESETTER FOR ITALIAN MOD CESARE
PREVITI'S SEPT 13 MEETING WITH NATIONAL SECURITY
ADVISOR ANTHONY LAKE
POL:VMD PM:AR ODC:CC DAO:PB A/DCM:HC
PM
AMEMBASSY ROME
SECSTATE WASHDC, PRIORITY
INFO SECDEF WASHDC
STATE PASS NSC
SECDEF FOR OSD/ISP LAZARUS
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: MARR, PGOV, PREL, OVIP, IT
SUBJECT: SCENESETTER FOR ITALIAN MOD CESARE
PREVITI'S SEPT 13 MEETING WITH NATIONAL SECURITY
ADVISOR ANTHONY LAKE
REF: A) ROME 12658 B) ROME 12219
1. CONFIDCNTIAL — ENTIRE TEXT
SUMMARY
2. DESPITE THE RECENT DOMESTIC POLITICAL TURMOIL
AND THE WHOLESALE TURNOVER IN ITALIAN POLITICS SINCE
THE MARCH 1994 ELECTION, ITALY'S NEW POLITICAL
LEADERS FROM RIGHT TO LEFT HAVE PROVIDED REASSURANCE
OF SUPPORT FOR A VIABLE U.S. PRESENCE IN ITALY.
MOST ITALIANS CONTINUE TO SEE THE U.S. AND NATO
PRESENCE AS AN ESSENTIAL BULWARK OF REGIONAL
SECURITY AND STABILITY.
3. ITALIAN DEFENSE MINISTER CESARE PREVITI, A
BERLUSCONI CONFIDANT, HAS EMERGED AS A KEY MEMBER OF
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�F:\Cable\Data_Source\Cables\CD008\AUG94\MSGS\M 1211554.html
THE NEW GOVERNMENT. HE HAS ATTEMPTED TO BREAK
THROUGH THE POLITICAL PARALYSIS WHICH HAS KEPT
CONSIDERATION OF MILITARY RESTRUCTURING OFF THE
AGENDA, AND HAS PUSHED FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF DEFENSE
REFORMS INCLUDING: EQUIPMENT MODERIZATION; A SMALLER
PROFESSIONAL MILITARY; PRESERVATION OF ITALY'S
DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE; AND EMPHASIS OF MOBILE
REACTION CAPABILITY OVER STATIC DEFENSE. IN HIS
MEETING WITH THE NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISOR, PREVITI
CONFIDENTIAL
WILL WANT AN ASSESSMENT OF THE SITUATION IN THE
FORMER YUGOSLAVIA AND WILL BE PREPARED TO BRIEF ON
THE RESULTS OF FOREIGN MINISTER MARTINO S EARLY
SEPTEMBER TRIP TO ALBANIA. PREVITI MAY ALSO RAISE
THE ITALIAN PROPOSAL FOR A MULTINATIONAL
HUMANITARIAN TASK FORCE. END SUMMARY.
THE POLITICAL SETTING: BERLUSCONI UNDER SEIGE
1
4. THE RECENT UPROAR OVER PRIME MINISTER
BERLUSCONI'S FAILED ATTEMPT TO ISSUE A DECREE LAW
LIMITING THE JUDICIAL PRACTICE OF PREVENTIVE
DETENTION HAS SUBSIDED, ONLY TO BE REPLACED BY NEW
POLITICAL PROBLEMS, INCLUDING CONTROVERSY OVER
CONFLICT OF INTEREST ISSUES INVOLVING BERLUSCONI'S
FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, MORE DISCLOSURES OF FINANCIAL
IRREGULARITIES, AND SNIPING FROM BOTH OUTSIDE AND
WITHIN THE RULING COALITION.
5. THE PRIME MINISTER HAS PATCHED UP RELATIONS WITH
ERSTWHILE COALITION PARTNER UMBERTO BOSSI, AND
BERLUSCONI'S UNEASY TRIPARTITE COALITION REMAINS
INTACT, DUE IN NO SMALL PART TO THE REALIZATION
AMONG HIS PARTNERS THAT THEIR ONLY CHANCE TO GOVERN
IS TO REMAIN WITHIN THE COALITION. MOREOVER,
OPPOSITION PARTIES ADMIT THEY NEED TIME TO REGROUP
AFTER THEIR POOR SHOWING IN THE MARCH AND JUNE
ELECTIONS; THEY ARE IN NO SHAPE TO CONTEST AN EARLY
ELECTION. FOR THE TIME BEING, BERLUSCONI MAY RIDE
OUT THE POLITICAL STORM SIMPLY BECAUSE OF THE
WEAKNESS OF HIS ENEMIES. NEVERTHELESS, HIS RECENT
TRAVAILS UNDERSCORE THE MAGNITUDE OF THE CHALLENGES
HE FACES IN RESHAPING ITALY'S POLITICAL CULTURE AND
IN MEETING- THE ENORMOUS PUBLIC EXPECTATIONS WHICH
ACCOMPANIED HIS METEORIC RISE TO OFFICE.
GOI FOREIGN/DEFENSE POLICIES: CONTINUITY, NOT CHANGE
6. DESPITE CONTINUING DOMESTIC POLITICAL TURMOIL
AND THE MASSIVE TURNOVER IN ITALIAN POLITICS SINCE
THE MARCH 1994 ELECTION, CONTINUITY--RATHER THAN
CHANGE--REMAINS THE HALLMARK OF ITALY'S FOREIGN AND
DEFENSE POLICIES. ITALY'S NEW LEADERS FROM LEFT TO
C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 04 OF 05 ROME 013478
STATE PASS NSC
SECDEF FOR OSD/ISP LAZARUS
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: MARR, PGOV, PREL, OVIP, IT
SUBJECT: SCENESETTER FOR ITALIAN MOD CESARE
PREVITI'S SEPT 13 MEETING WITH NATIONAL SECURITY
ADVISOR' ANTHONY LAKE
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
Page 5 of 8
�F:\Cable\Data_Source\Cables\CD008\AUG94\MSGS\M1211554.html
Page 6 of 8
RIGHT HAVE PROVIDED REASSURANCE OF SUPPORT FOR A
VIABLE U.S. PRESENCE IN ITALY. THE SWEEPING U.S.
CONFIDENTIAL
MILITARY D A D W S THAT HAVE OCCURRED IN OTHER
RWON
ALLIED COUNTRIES ARE ABSENT HERE, AND MOST ITALIANS
CONTINUE TO SEE THE U.S. AND NATO PRESENCE AS
ESSENTIAL TO PROTECT ITALY AGAINST EXTERNAL THREATS
AND FOR MEDITERRANEAN SECURITY AND STABILITY.
PROXIMITY TO BOSNIA AND NORTH AFRICA GIVE ITA
LY A
MULTILAYERED SET OF SECURITY CONCERNS. AS DURJNG
THE GULF WAR WITH IRAQ, NATO BASES IN ITALY AND
ITALIAN AIR CLEARANCES HAVE PROVED ESSENTIAL TO
PEACEMAKING ACTIVITIES IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA.
7. IN GENERAL, ITALY'S FOREIGN AND DEFENSE POLICIES
HAVE HAD A STRONG MULTILATERAL DIMENSION, AND ITALY
HAS TENDED TO SEEK AN EU CONSENSUS IN INTERNATIONAL
FORA, |
EO 13526 1.4b. EO 13526 1.4d
TO THE POLITICAL LEVEL INVARIABLY RAISE THE MATTER
WITH US AND RELATE POTENTIAL ITALIAN INVOLVEMENT IN
MULTILATERAL MISSIONS TO GOI INCLUSION IN CONTACT OR
OTHER GROUPS.
CESARE PREVITI: ACTIVIST MEMBER OF BERLUSCONI'S
INNER CIRCLE
8. NAMED DEFENSE MINISTER IN A LAST MINUTE JOB
SWITCH, CESARE PREVITI IS A RELATIVE NEOPHYTE TO
DEFENSE ISSUES. HOWEVER, HE BROUGHT TO HIS JOB A
STRONG MANAGERIAL BACKGROUND AND LONGTIME MEMBERSHIP
IN PRIME MINISTER BERLUSCONI'S INNER CIRCLE, GIVING
HIM CLOUT NOT ENJOYED BY HIS PREDECESSORS. WHILE
THE CORRUPTION INVESTIGATIONS WHICH LED TO THE FARREACHING POLITICAL CHANGES IN THE MARCH 1994
ELECTIONS DID NOT IMPLICATE THE MILITARY, THE
CONFIDENTIAL
DEFENSE SECTOR NEVERTHELESS SUFFERED AS POLITICAL
PARALYSIS KEPT CONSIDERATION OF MILITARY
RESTRUCTURING OFF THE AGENDA. PREVITI HAS ATTEMPTED
TO BREAK THROUGH THIS LOGJAM DURING HIS FIRST 100
DAYS IN OFFICE, MOST NOTABLY BY PUSHING FOR THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DEFENSE MINISTRY'S RECENT
REVISION OF THE N W DEFENSE MODEL, TO BE IMPLEMENTED
E
OVER THE NEXT DECADE. THE MODEL REPORTEDLY CALLS
FOR EQUIPMENT MODERNIZATION, PRESERVATION OF ITALY'S
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�F:\Cable\Data_Source\Cables\CD008\AUG94\MSGS\M 1211554.html
DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE, AND EMPHASIZES MOBILE
REACTION CAPABILITY OVER STATIC DEFENSE.
9. IN HIS MEETING WITH THE NATIONAL SECURITY
ADVISOR, MOD PREVITI WILL WANT AN ASSESSMENT OF THE
SITUATION IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA. HE WOULD ALSO
BE PREPARED TO DISCUSS:
— I T A L I A N PARTICIPATION IN PFP EXERCISES: DURING
HIS MEETING WITH SECDEF PERRY IN AVIANO JULY 22, THE
ITALIAN CHIEF OF STAFF TOLD US THAT ITALY WILL
PARTICIPATE IN A PFP EXERCISE WITH POLAND NEXT
SEPTEMBER, HAS PROPOSED A NAVAL EXERCISE IN THE
SPRING, AND WILL HOST A LAND EXERCISE NEXT YEAR WITH
POLAND, THE CZECH REPUBLIC, AND HUNGARY. WE WANT TO
ENCOURAGE ITALY TO PARTICIPATE IN EXERCISES WITH
SOUTHERN TIER EECS ALSO.
--ALBANIA: BECAUSE OF HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY, THE
ITALIANS HAVE A PARTICULAR INTEREST IN ALBANIA.
FOREIGN MINISTER MARTINO IS VISITING ALBANIA IN
EARLY SEPTEMBER, AND MOD PREVITI WILL BE PREPARED TO
BRIEF ON THE RESULTS OF THE MARTINO VISIT.
--ITALIAN PEACEKEEPING PROPOSAL: AT THE JULY NAC,
THE ITALIAN SIDE PROPOSED THE FORMATION OF A
MULTINATIONAL HUMANITARIAN TASK FORCE, COMPOSED OF
& G N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 05 OF 05 ROME 013478
STATE PASS NSC
SECDEF FOR OSD/ISP LAZARUS
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: MARR, PGOV, PREL, OVIP, IT
SUBJECT: SCENESETTER FOR ITALIAN MOD CESARE
PREVITI'S SEPT 13 MEETING WITH NATIONAL SECURITY
ADVISOR ANTHONY LAKE
SMALL, HIGHLY SPECIALIZED CONTINGENTS. MOD PREVITI
MAY GIVE HIS VIEWS ON WHERE AND H W SUCH A FORCE
O
WOULD BE USED. RWANDA, OF COURSE, WAS THE EMERGENCY
WHICH LED PRIME MINISTER BERLUSCONI AND PREVITI TO
MAKE THE PROPOSAL AND SEARCH FOR WAYS TO REACT
QUICKLY TO PREVENT WORST-CASE SCENARIOS.
MOD
PREVITI WOULD BE INTERESTED IN OUR VIEW ON H W THESE
O
FORCES COULD BE ORGANIZED, EQUIPPED, SUPPORTED, AND
EMPLOYED, AND MAY DISCUSS THE MATTER BOTH AT DOD AND
NSC. CREAGAN
BT
#3478
NNNN
SECT: SECTION: 01 OF 05
<*SECT>SECTION: 02 OF 05
< SECT>SECTION: 03 OF 05
<"SECT>SECTION: 04 OF 05
<~SECT>SECTION: 05 OF 05
SSN: 3478
<~SSN>3478
<~SSN>3478
<"SSN>3478
< SSN>3478
TOR: 940819131211 M1211554
< TOR>940819131534 M1211561
< TOR>940819131535 M1211562
OTOR>940819131312 M1211555
A
A
A
A
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
Page 7 of 8
�F:\Cable\Data_Source\Cables\CD008\AUG94\MSGS\M1211554.html
A
< TOR>940819131432 M1211560
DIST:
PRT: FUERTH LAKE SENS SIT WOLIN
SIT: FILE HAHN LEBOURGEOIS NSC S M SUM2 VAX V R H O
U
ESBW
C
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
Page 8 of 8
�F:\Cable\Data Source\Cables\CD008\AUG94\MSGS\M 1221894.html
Page 1 of 2
Cable
PREC
CLASS
LINE1
LINE2
LINE3
LINE 4
OSRI
DTG
ORIG
TO
INFO
PRIORITY
eoMriDEnraiAL
PAACZYUW RUEHLIA4 981 2381027-CCCC--RUEADWW.
ZNY CCCCC ZZH
P 261027Z AUG 94
FM AMEMBASSY LISBON
RUEHLI
261027Z AUG 94
AMEMBASSY LISBON
RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 3774
RUEADWW/NSC WASHDC PRIORITY
RUEKJCS/SECDEF WASHDC PRIORITY
RUEHLIP/AMCONSUL PONTA DELGADA 04 41
RUVACEF/COMUSFORAZ LAJES FIELD PO//JOO/J01/J4/J06//
RUEHKL/AMEMBASSY KUALA LUMPUR 0084
RUEKJCS/JOINT STAFF WASHDC
FOREIGN MINISTER DURAO BARROSO'S SEPT. 15
SUBJ:
WASHINGTON VISIT: PURPOSE AND SCHEDULE.
TEXT:
C O N F I D E W"T I-A L" LISBON 004981
KUALA LUMPUR PLEASE PASS TO AMB. JOHN HAWES
DEPARTMENT ALSO FOR AF AND ARA
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: PREL, MARR, OVIP, EUN, NATO, PO, XA, XM, AO, BR
SUBJECT: FOREIGN MINISTER DURAO BARROSO'S SEPT. 15
WASHINGTON VISIT: PURPOSE AND SCHEDULE
REF:
LISBON 3611
1.
-CON Fi DENT IAL - ENTIRE TEXT.
THE UNDERLYING PHILOSOPHY
2. THE PHILOSOPHY UNDERLYING FOREIGN MINISTER DURAO
BARROSO'S UPCOMING VISIT TO WASHINGTON REMAINS AS SET
OUT IN REF: IN ESSENCE, HE AIMS TO SHOWCASE PORTUGAL'S
CLOSE TIES TO THE UNITED STATES AND TO HAVE SUBSTANTIVE
EXCHANGES WITH SECRETARY CHRISTOPHER AND HIS OTHER
WASHINGTON INTERLOCUTORS. SEPTEL PROVIDES BACKGROUND ON
PORTUGUESE POSITIONS ON KEY ISSUES LIKELY TO COME UP.
THE MINISTER'S SCHEDULE
3.
DURAO BARROSO WILL ARRIVE IN NEW YORK SEPTEMBER 13
AND PROCEED TO WASHINGTON SEPTEMBER 14. HIS MEETINGS
WILL LIKELY COMMENCE THE MORNING OF SEPTEMBER 15 WITH
CALLS ON CAPITOL HILL:
BARROSO WOULD LIKE TO MEET INTER
ALIA WITH SENATORS MITCHELL, DOLE AND PELL AND
CONGRESSMEN HAMILTON AND LANTOS, BUT THE PORTUGUESE
EMBASSY (WHICH IS MAKING THE APPOINTMENTS) UNDERSTANDS
THAT CONGRESSIONAL RECESSES MAY MAKE APPOINTMENTS
DIFFICULT TO ARRANGE.
4. BARROSO WILL BE WITH THE SECRETARY AT THE DEPARTMENT
FROM 12:30 TO 1:45 ON SEPTEMBER 15, AND THEN WE
UNDERSTAND HE HAS MEETINGS WITH SECRETARY PERRY AT 2:00
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPV
DECLASSIFIED
PER E.0.13526
IbH- 0*U8- n
3/13/15" KBH
�F:\Cable\Data Source\Cables\CD(j08\AUG94\MSGS\M 1221894.html
AND WITH NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISER LAKE AT 3:30.
IN THE
EVENING HE PLANS TO HOST A DINNER, AND BEFORE DEPARTING
WASHINGTON HE WILL DELIVER A SPEECH AT THE CENTER FOR
STRATEGIC AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES SEPTEMBER 16.
BARROSO ALSO EXPECTS TO MEET WITH THE PRESS, INCLUDING
POSSIBLY THE WASHINGTON POST EDITORIAL BOARD, AT SOME
POINT.
SIDE MEETINGS
5. AS WAS ENVISAGED IN JULY, THE PORTUGUESE STILL WOULD
LIKE TWO SIDE MEETINGS ON THE OCCASION OF DURAO
BARROSO'S SEPT. 15 VISIT TO THE DEPARTMENT. TO WIT:
-- MFA SUBSAHARAN AFRICA DIRECTOR TONY SENNFELT WOULD
LIKE TO DISCUSS SOUTHERN AFRICA ISSUES (ANGOLA,
MOZAMBIQUE, SOUTH AFRICA) WITH AF. HE ALSO IS LIKELY TO
RAISE ZAIRE, PARTICULARLY IN ITS CONNECTION WITH THE
ANGOLA CONFLICT, AND RWANPA.
-- ANOTHER MFA OFFICIAL -- PROBABLY DEPUTY
DIRECTOR-GENERAL MANUEL FERNANDES PEREIRA — WILL WISH
TO DISCUSS KEY LATIN AMERICAN ISSUES (E.G., MERCOSUR,
BRAZIL, NAFTA, MEXICO, CUBA, HAITI) WITH ARA.
THE PORTUGUESE WILL OF COURSE BE PREPARED TO CONDUCT
THESE MEETINGS IN ENGLISH.
ACTION REQUESTED
SECT
SSN
TOR
DIST
6. PLEASE CONFIRM THAT THE SIDE MEETINGS NOTED PARA 5
ABOVE CAN BE ARRANGED.
WILKINSON
BT
#4981
NNNN
SECTION: 01 OF 01
4981
940826063507 M1221894
SIT: VAX NSC
•
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPI
Page 2 of2
�F:\Cable\Data_Source\Cables\CD009\SEP94\MSGS\M1259618.html
Page 1 of3
Cable
PREC:
CLASS:
LINE1:
LINE2 :
LINE3:
LINE4:
OSRI:
DTG:
ORIG:
TO:
IMMEDIATE
CONFIDENTIAL
OAACZYUW RUEHGVA8037 2621309-CCCC—RHEHAAX.
ZNY CCCCC ZZH
0 191309Z SEP 94
FM USMISSION GENEVA
RUEHGV
191309Z SEP 94
USMISSION GENEVA
RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 3650
RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK 9970
RHEHNSC/NSC WASHDC
RUEHLGB/AMEMBASSY KIGALI 1687
INFO: ////
SUBJ:
UNHCR OGATA DISCUSSES EVIDENCE OF RPF
DIRECTED KILLINGS IN RWANDA
TEXT:
G- O N F I D E N T I A L
GENEVA 008037
EXDIS
DEPARTMENT FOR IO A/S BENNET, AF A/S MOOSE, PRM A/S
OAKLEY
NSC FOR LAKE
USUN FOR AMBASSADOR ALBRIGHT
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: PREF, PREL, PHUM, EAID, R
W
SUBJECT: UNHCR OGATA DISCUSSES EVIDENCE OF RPF
DIRECTED KILLINGS IN RWANDA
1.
G - ENTIRE TEXT.
-
2. IN A PRIVATE AND INFORMAL DISCUSSION SATURDAY
EVENING WITH AMBASSADOR SPIEGEL, UNHCR SADAKO OGATA
INDICATED THAT SHE HAD JUST RECEIVED VERY TROUBLING
NEWS OF EXTENSIVE MASS MURDERS OF HUTU CIVILIANS IN
THE SOURCE OF HER INFORMATION W S
A
S
FOR W R IN RWANDA ON REPATRIATIf)N MATTEI* FOR A SIXTYOK
HAD TRAVELLED
DAY PERIOD. ACCORDING TO OGATA,
EXTENSIVELY IN RWANDA WITHOUT AN RTFE"S"CORT IN THE PAST
WEEKS AS A UNHCR OFFICIAL.
-
3. |
(RETURNED TO GENEVA THIS PAST WEEK WHERE HE
BRIEFED OGATA AND TOLD HER THAT HE BELIEVES THE RPF IN
KIGALI HAD DIRECTED THE MASSACRE OF AT LEAST 5,000 TO
10,000 HUTUS IN ORDER TO CLEAN OUT REMOTE VILLAGES FOR
DECLASSIFIED I N PART
PER E. 0.13526
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
8/13/ I S
K6H
�F:\Cable\Data Source\Cables\CD009\SEP94\MSGS\M1259618.html
A RETURN OF LONG-TERM TUTSI REFUGEES FROM UGANDA,
TANZANIA, BURUNDI AND ZAIRE. OGATA SAID THAT | (b)(6)
HAD REPORTED THAT SO MANY CIVILIANS HAD BEEN KILLED
THAT BURIAL OF BODIES WAS A MAJOR PROBLEM IN MANY OF
THE VILLAGES. SHE BELIEVES THAT THE RPF WAS ABLE TO
UNDERTAKE THESE KILLINGS BECAUSE OF REMOTENESS OF THE
VILLAGES.
4. OGATA TOLD THE AMBASSADOR THAT THESE MURDERS
UNDERMINE THE CREDIBILITY OF THE UN AS IT RELATES TO
THE WHOLE PUSH FOR EARLY REPATRIATION. SHE INDICATED
THAT
AND THE
HAD
BRIEFED KOFI ANNAN IN LONDON LAST WEEK AND THAT
MAY ALREADY HAVE SEEN BRIAN ATWOOD THIS WEEKEND.
SHE WAS INTENDING TO DISCUSS THE MATTER DIRECTLY WITH
THE SYG THIS WEEK WITH POSSIBLE INVOLVEMENT BY THE
SECURITY COUNCIL AT SOME POINT IN THE NEAR FUTURE.
EO 13526 1.4b, EO 13526 1.4d
TOLD
6. NOTE:
(b)(6)
REFCOUNS ON 9/19 THAT
IN
|
NAIROBI THIS MORNING.
THEY PLANNED TO TRAVEL TO
KIGALI TODAY TO DISCUSS THESE CONCERNS WITH THE GOR.
END NOTE. SPIEGEL
BT
#8037
NNNN
SECT: SECTION: 01 OF 01
SSN: 8037
TOR: 940919092703 M1259618
DIST:
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPi
Page 2 of 3
�F:\Cable\Data_Source\Cables\CD009\SEP94\MSGS\M 1259618.html
SIT: NODIST NSC VAX
i
CUNTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
Page 3 of 3
�F:\Cable\Data_Source\Cables\CD009\OCT94\MSGS\Ml 318654.html
Page 1 of 3
Cable
PREC:
CLASS:
LINE1:
LINE2:
LINE3:
LINE4:
OSRI:
DTG:
ORIG:
TO:
INFO:
SUBJ:
TEXT:
IMMEDIATE
SECRET
OAASZYUW RUEHFRA9161 2941326-SSSS—RHEHAAX.
ZNY SSSSS ZZH
0 211326Z OCT 94
FM AMEMBASSY PARIS
RUEHFR
211326Z OCT 94
AMEMBASSY PARIS
SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 2111
////
PRESIDENTIAL CALL TO P BALLADUR
M
6 E C R E. T PARIS 29161
NODIS
FOR fP) PETER TARNOFF AND (EUR) RICHARD HOLBROOKE ONLY
E.O. 12356: DECL: OADR
TAGS: PREL, FR
SUBJECT: PRESIDENTIAL CALL TO PM BALLADUR
1.
SECRET - ENTIRE TEXT.
2. I HAVE SENT A PERSONAL MESSAGE TO THE PRESIDENT
(TEXT BELOW) RECOMMENDING THAT HE CALL PRIME MINISTER
BALLADUR. WHILE THE MESSAGE IS SELF-EXPLANATORY, I
SHOULD ADD THAT MY RECOMMENDATION TS BASED PARTLY ON
DISCREET, FRIENDLY ADVICE FROM MINISTRIES HERE THAT
WERE ALSO DISAPPOINTED BY BALLADUR'S LEANINGS IN RECENT
CABINET MEETINGS.
3. FOLLOWING IS THE TEXT OF THE MESSAGE WHICH I
TRANSMITTED OCTOBER 21 EYES ONLY TO TONY LAKE.
DEAR MR. PRESIDENT,
THOUGH T AM MOST RELUCTANT EVEN TO SUGGEST FURTHER
BURDENING YOUR VERY FULL SCHEDULE, I WOULD LIKE TO
RECOMMEND THAT YOU CALL PRIME MINISTER BALLADUR,
PRIMARILY TO TALK ABOUT IRAQ, ALTHOUGH OTHER ISSUES
SUCH AS BOSNIA WOULD NATURALLY ARISE.
THE FRENCH, AS YOU K O , ARE GOOD AT COMPLICATING
NW
THINGS, AND THEIR INSTITUTIONAL "COHABITATION"
ARRANGEMENTS MAKE DOUBLE W R FOR US. BUT SINCE YOUR
OK
PRIMARY INTERLOCUTOR IS FRANCOIS MITTERRAND, AND WARREN
CHRISTOPHER SPEAKS OFTEN TO HIS COUNTERPART ALAIN
JUPPE, BALLADUR TENDS TO BE LEFT OUT OF THE DIALOGUE.
THIS IS NOT FATAL — BALLADUR UNDERSTANDS THAT
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. O. 13526
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
8/18/15"
KBH
�F:\Cable\Data Source\Cables\CD009\OCT94\MSGS\M 1318654.html
MITTEREIAND MUST BE YOUR PRIMARY INTERLOCUTOR -- BUT
THERE IS SOME COST. FIRST, NO ONE LIKES TO FEEL LEFT
OUT, AND BALLADUR MAY VERY WELL BE THE NEXT FRENCH
PRESIDENT. ESTABLISHING A DIALOGUE WITH HIM N W MIGHT
O
TURN OUT TO BE A WORTHWHILE INVESTMENT.
SECOND, OF THE THREE FRENCH FOREIGN-POLICY PLAYERS
BALLADUR IS THE MOST INWARD-ORIENTED, AND THE MORE WE
CAN COMMUNICATE OUR POINT OF VIEW DIRECTLY TO HIM THE
BETTER. BALLADUR IS A_KEY DECISION POINT ON_EQREXGN
POLICY,!
EO 13526 1.4b. EO 13526 1.4d
FINALLY, IN AN INCREASINGLY TENSE POLITICAL ATMOSPHERE
AS THE PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN HEATS UP, BALLADUR HAS
TAKEN STEPS TO FIRM UP HIS ROLE IN FOREIGN POLICY
(FOREIGN MINISTER JUPPE IS A SUPPORTER OF BALLADUR'S
ARCH RIVAL, CHIRAC) SO WE SHOULD EXPECT TO SEE HIM
BECOME MORE ACTIVELY INVOLVED IN THE NEXT EIGHT MONTHS.
I AM NOT SUGGESTING THAT A PHONE CALL TO BALLADUR WILL
OVERCOME THE ENORMOUS DIFFICULTIES WE HAVE BEEN HAVING
WITH THE FRENCH AT THE UN, BT 1 DO THINK IT WELL WORTH
YOUR WHILE TO CALL BALLADUR TO ASK HIS VIEWS OF THE
EVENTS OF THE LAST WEEK, AND FIND OUT WHERE HE THINKS
WE ARE HEADING FROM HERE.
HARRIMAN
BT
#9161
SECT
SSN
TOR
NNNN
SECTION: 01 OF 01
9161
941021123517 M131S654
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPi
Page 2 of 3
�F:\Cable\Data_Source\Cables\CD009\OCT94\MSGS\M1318654.htinl
DIST:
PRT: SIT
SIT: ALEXANDER INDYK KERRICK LAIPSON LEBOURGEOIS STEPHENS S M SUM2
U
V R H O WHSR_SPECIAL
ESBW
C
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPI
Page 3 of 3
�F:\Cable\Data Source\Cables\CDO 10\DEC94\MSGS\M 1416289.html
Page 1 of 5
Cable
PREC
CLASS
LINE1
LINE2
LINE3
LINE 4
OSRI
DTG
ORIG
TO
INFO
IMMEDIATE
CONFIDDNTIAL'
OAACZYUW RUEHLSA7614 3491332-CCCC--RHEHAAA.
ZNY CCCCC ZZH
0 151332Z DEC 94
FM AMEMBASSY LUSAKA
RUEHLS
151332Z DEC 94
AMEMBASSY LUSAKA
RUEHDS/AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA IMMEDIATE 0161
RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 0755
RHEHAAA/WHITEHOUSE WASHDC IMMEDIATE
RUEHTO/AMEMBASSY MAPUTO 1229
RUEHJB/AMEMBASSY BUJUMBURA 0065
SCENE-SETTER FOR YOUR VISIT TO ZAMBIA,
DECEMBER 18-19
SUBJ:
TEXT:
1
•€ O-K-F-I D E M T I A tr SECTION 01 OF 03 LUSAKA 007614
ADDIS PLEASE PASS TO DR. LAKE'S PARTY
E.O. 12356:DECL: OADR
TAGS: PREL, OVIP (LAKE, ANTHONY), PGOV, ECON, EAID, ZA
SUBJECT: SCENE-SETTER FOR YOUR VISIT TO ZAMBIA,
DECEMBER 18-19
1.
CONFIDDNTIAL. - ENTIRE TEXT.
POLITICAL/ECONOMIC OVERVIEW
2. THE PAST THREE YEARS HAVE WITNESSED A PROFOUND AND
OFTEN WRENCHING TRANSFORMATION IN ZAMBIAN POLITICAL AND
ECONOMIC LIFE. FOR 27 YEARS UP TO NOVEMBER 1991 UNDER
THE RULE OF KENNETH KAUNDA, ZAMBIA ENJOYED INTERNATIONAL
STATURE AS A LEADING FOE OF COLONIALISM, A PROMINENT
ADVOCATE OF NON-ALIGNMENT, A KEY MEMBER OF THE FRONT
LINE STATES, AND THE HOST OF THE AFRICAN NATIONAL
CONGRESS AND MANY OTHER LIBERATION MOVEMENTS. ALTHOUGH
KAUNDA'S ZAMBIA WAS SEEN BY MANY AS A DYNAMIC AND
PROGRESSIVE DEVELOPING COUNTRY, THE DOMESTIC REALITY WAS
MUCH DIFFERENT. KAUNDA'S HUMANIST-SOCIALIST ECONOMIC
POLICIES PRODUCED SERIOUS DISTORTIONS IN THE ECONOMY,
INCLUDING A BLOATED PUBLIC SECTOR AND CIVIL SERVICE,
MONEY-LOSING PARASTATALS, AN ARTIFICIALLY STRONG
CURRENCY, AND LARGE SUBSIDIES ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS,
INCLUDING THE STAPLE FOOD, MAIZE. A COUNTRY THAT HAD
ONE OF THE HIGHEST PER CAPITA INCOMES IN THE DEVELOPING
WORLD AT INDEPENDENCE IN 1964 HAD, BY 1991, ONE OF THE
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOr^
DECLASSIFIED
PER E.O. 13526
8/18/J5- KBM
�F:\Cable\Data_Source\Cables\CD010\DEC94\MSGS\M1416289.html
LOWEST. IN ADDITION, ZAMBIANS ENDURED 20 YEARS OF
ONE-PARTY AUTHORITARIAN RULE, WITH RESTRICTED CIVIL
LIBERTIES AND SERIOUS HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES. TO HIS
CREDIT, KAUNDA BOWED TO PRESSURE TO ALLOW MULTIPARTY
ELECTIONS AND, WHEN HE LOST THE PRESIDENCY IN A
LANDSLIDE TO LABOR LEADER FREDERICK CHILUBA, AGREED TO
RELINQUISH POWER.
3. ON TAKING OFFICE IN NOVEMBER 1991, CHILUBA AND THE
MOVEMENT FOR MULTIPARTY DEMOCRACY (MMD), A COALITION OF
DISPARATE INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS UNITED PRINCIPALLY BY
THEIR OPPOSITION TO KAUNDA, INHERITED AN ATROPHIED
POLITICAL SYSTEM AND AN ECONOMY ON THE BRINK OF
COLLAPSE. ZAMBIA'S PER CAPITA DEBT WAS THE HIGHEST IN
THE WORLD. BILATERAL DONORS AND THE I F I S QUICKLY
RALLIED BEHIND THE MMD S ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL
LIBERALIZATION PROGRAM TO THE TUNE OF ONE BILLION
DOLLARS A YEAR.
1
4. ON THE LEVEL OF MACRO-ECONOMIC POLICY, THE
GOVERNMENT HAS TAKEN POLITICALLY COURAGEOUS STEPS TO
RESTORE STABILITY: I T HAS REMOVED ALL SUBSIDIES FROM
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AND OPENED UP THE MARKETING
SYSTEM; I T HAS REDUCED INFLATION FROM 400 PERCENT YEARLY
TO A CURRENT LEVEL OF ABOUT 30 PERCENT; I T HAS
ELIMINATED FOREIGN EXCHANGE CONTROLS; AND I T HAS REINED
IN GOVERNMENT SPENDING. THE GOVERNMENT HAS MOVED
SLOWLY, HOWEVER, ON CRITICAL STRUCTURAL REFORMS SUCH AS
PRIVATIZATION AND REDUCING THE SIZE OF THE CIVIL SERVICE.
5. THE POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT HAS ALSO OPENED UP, EVEN
THOUGH MANY OF THE UNDEMOCRATIC HABITS AND VESTIGES OF
27 YEARS OF ONE-PARTY RULE REMAIN. THE MMD GOVERNMENT
HAS GENERALLY RESPECTED BASIC CONSTITUTIONAL AND CIVIL
LIBERTIES. OPPOSITION PARTIES OPERATE WITHOUT
INTERFERENCE. THE PRESS IS RELATIVELY FREE, ALTHOUGH
INDEPENDENT PAPERS HAVE BEEN SUBJECT TO POLICE
HARASSMENT AND ARRESTS, INCLUDING TWO SUCH INCIDENTS IN
THE PAST 10 DAYS. SINCE THE MMD CAME TO POWER
NATIONWIDE LOCAL GOVERNMENT ELECTIONS, AS WELL AS SOME
TWO DOZEN PARLIAMENTARY BY-ELECTIONS, HAVE BEEN HELD.
MOST HAVE BEEN FREE AND FAIR. PRESIDENTIAL AND
PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS ARE SCHEDULED FOR OCTOBER 1996.
6. THE CHILUBA GOVERNMENT'S PERFORMANCE IN THE AREA OF
"GOVERNANCE" HAS BEEN SPOTTY AND IS A CAUSE OF
CONTINUING CONCERN TO ZAMBIANS AND DONORS ALIKE. TWO
MINISTERS IMPLICATED IN DRUG TRAFFICKING RESIGNED IN
LATE 1993 UNDER PRESSURE FROM DONORS, BUT MANY ZAMBIANS
STILL BELIEVE THAT CORRUPTION — BOTH NARCO-RELATED AND
TRADITIONAL BRIBE-TAKING AND SKIMMING -- IS RIFE IN THE
GOVERNMENT. THE GRZ HAS MOVED HALTINGLY TO STRENGTHEN
THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND LAW ENFORCEMENT INSTITUTIONS
NEEDED TO FIGHT CORRUPTION.
7. WITH THE CHILUBA GOVERNMENT HAVING TURNED ITS
ATTENTION INWARD TO DEAL WITH PRESSING DOMESTIC
PROBLEMS, ZAMBIA HAS NOT PLAYED A LEADING REGIONAL ROLE
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
Page 2 of 5
�F:\Cable\Data_Source\Cables\CD010\DEC94\MSGS\M1416289.html
IN THE 1990S, ALTHOUGH IT HAS GAINED STATURE BY HOSTING
THE ANGOLA PEACE TALKS AND CONTRIBUTING TO REGIONAL
PEACEKEEPING EFFORTS. PART OF THE PROBLEM IS THAT
KAUNDA GOT ON WELL WITH HIS COUNTERPARTS, INCLUDING
MUGABE AND MANDELA, WHO MAY HAVE RESENTED CHILUBA'S 1991
ELECTION VICTORY. AS A RESULT, ZAMBIA'S RELATIONS WITH
MANY OF ITS EIGHT NEIGHBORS, WHILE CORRECT, ARE NOT
• O-N F — I D E M T I A. L, SECTION 02 OF 03 LUSAKA 007614
C
ADDIS PLEASE PASS TO DR. LAKE'S PARTY
E.O. 12356DECL: OADR
TAGS: PREL, OVIP (LAKE, ANTHONY), PGOV, ECON, EAID, ZA
SUBJECT: SCENE-SETTER FOR YOUR VISIT TO ZAMBIA,
DECEMBER 18-19
WARM. FOR HIS PART, CHILUBA MAY PERCEIVE HIMSELF AN
OUTSIDER, AND THUS HE HAS NOT BEEN RECEPTIVE TO AN
INCREASED REGIONAL ROLE FOR SADC, PREFERRING INSTEAD TO
SUPPORT PTA/COMESA.
WHERE ARE WE NOW?
8. ZAMBIA HAS JUST EMERGED FROM A CONSULTATIVE GROUP
MEETING IN PARIS THAT FOCUSED ON THE NEED FOR THE GRZ TO
BUILD ON THE ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE PAST THREE YEARS.
DONORS URGED THE CHILUBA GOVERNMENT TO MOVE MORE QUICKLY
ON GOVERNANCE/TRANSPARENCY REFORMS AND ON STRUCTURAL
ADJUSTMENT. SPECIFICALLY, WE WANT TO SEE THE GRZ SPEED
UP THE PACE OF PRIVATIZATION, REMOVE SUBSIDIES TO
LOSS-MAKING PARASTATALS, AND REACH AN EARLY DECISION TO
RESTRUCTURE AND PRIVATIZE THE COPPER-MINING INDUSTRY,
WHICH CONTINUES TO DOMINATE THE ECONOMY AND PROVIDES 90
PERCENT OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE EARNINGS. THE GRZ'S RECENT
DECISION -- UNDER INTENSE DONOR PRESSURE -- TO CLOSE
ZAMBIA AIRWAYS WAS POLITICALLY DIFFICULT BUT A STEP IN
THE RIGHT DIRECTION. THE PROMISED NEXT STEP IS TO CLOSE
BY MARCH 31 THE GRZ'S PARASTATAL HOLDING COMPANY
("ZIMCO"), A BASTION OF FOOTDRAGGING VESTED INTERESTS.
YOUR MEETING WITH PRESIDENT CHILUBA
9. IN ADDITION TO CONGRATULATING CHILUBA ON ZAMBIA'S
ROLE IN THE RECENTLY CONCLUDED ANGOLA PEACE TALKS, YOU
MAY WISH TO PROVIDE HIM WITH AN OVERVIEW OF U.S. AFRICA
POLICY, UNDERLINING OUR INTEREST IN REGIONAL COOPERATION
AND SOLICITING CHILUBA'S EFFORTS TO PROMOTE THE SAME.
IN THIS CONNECTION, YOU MAY WISH TO ACKNOWLEDGE ZAMBIA'S
COMMITMENT TO REGIONAL PEACEKEEPING. (THE GRZ HAS
DEPLOYED BATTALIONS TO MOZAMBIQUE AND RWANDA AND WILL
CONTRIBUTE ANOTHER BATTALION TO ANGOLA.)
10. WITH RESPECT TO BILATERAL ISSUES, WE SUGGEST YOU
FOCUS ON THE KEY ISSUES NOTED ABOVE: THE NEED TO MOVE
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
Page 3 of 5
�F:\Cable\Data_Source\Cables\CD010\DEC94\MSGS\M1416289.html
F R A D RESOLUTELY ON RESTRUCTURING THE E O O Y AND
OWR
CNM
PRIVATIZING STATE FIRMS; AND THE NEED TO STRENGTHEN
GOVERNANCE REFORMS AND ENHANCE TRANSPARENCY. YOU MIGHT
PLACE YOUR REMARKS IN THE F A E O K OF THE INTENSE
RMWR
GLOBAL COMPETITION FOR SCARCE AID RESOURCES.
TALKING POINTS
— W RECOGNIZE YOUR ECONOMIC REFORM ACHIEVEMENTS AND
E
THE MANY POLITICALLY UNPALATABLE DECISION YOU HAVE
BRAVELY MADE: RESTORING ORDER TO THE BUDGET,
LIBERALIZING THE AGRICULTURE SECTOR (ESPECIALLY IN LIGHT
OF THE DISASTROUS 1991-92 DROUGHT), REMOVING SUBSIDIES,
AND CLOSING ZAMBIA AIRWAYS.
-- THE U.S. SEEKS TO SUPPORT COUNTRIES SUCH AS ZAMBIA
THAT ARE FIRMLY COMMITTED TO POLITICAL PLURALISM AND
ECONOMIC LIBERALIZATION.
-- AID LEVELS IN THE EXISTING HIGHLY COMPETITIVE
RESOURCE ENVIRONMENT DEPEND ON PERFORMANCE. W HAVE TO
E
MAKE THE STRONGEST POSSIBLE CASE TO OUR CONGRESS AND
WITHIN THE ADMINISTRATION TO JUSTIFY FOREIGN
ASSISTANCE.
-- THEREFORE, W URGE YOU AND YOUR GOVERNMENT TO STAY
E
THE COURSE, NOT TO BE DISHEARTENED BY THE DIFFICULT
DECISIONS YOU WILL CONTINUE TO FACE, AND TO REDOUBLE
YOUR EFFORTS TO CLOSE ZIMCO, PRIVATIZE STATE FIRMS AND
RESTRUCTURE THE ECONOMY. THIS IS CRITICAL IF ALL OF THE
G O W R DONE SO FAR IS TO HAVE ITS PAYOFF IN ECONOMIC
OD OK
GROWTH, M R JOBS, AND BETTER SOCIAL SERVICES FOR THE
OE
ZAMBIAN PEOPLE.
— AT THE SAME TIME W URGE YOU TO CONTINUE YOUR
E
EFFORTS TO MAKE ZAMBIA'S DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION
PERMANENT. IN PARTICULAR, THE 1996 ELECTIONS WILL BE
CRITICAL AND MUST BE PERCEIVED BY ZAMBIANS TO BE FREE
AND FAIR. THE U.S. STANDS READY TO CONSULT WITH YOU ON
W Y W MIGHT ASSIST.
AS E
— IN ANY DEMOCRACY, THERE IS UNENDING TENSION BETWEEN
THE GOVERNMENT AND THE FREE PRESS. W URGE YOU TO LOOK
E
TO THE GREATER G O AND CONTINUE TO SAFEGUARD THIS BASIC
OD
CONSTITUTIONAL FREEDOM, SO ESSENTIAL TO DEMOCRATIC
SOCIETIES.
C 0 N F I D E N T I—AfcSECTION 03 OF 03 LUSAKA 007614
~
ADDIS PLEASE PASS TO DR. LAKE'S PARTY
E.O. 12356:DECL: OADR
TAGS: PREL, OVIP (LAKE, ANTHONY), PGOV, ECON, EAID, ZA
SUBJECT: SCENE-SETTER FOR YOUR VISIT TO ZAMBIA,
DECEMBER 18-19
-- WITH RESPECT TO G V R A C - THE TRANSPARENCY OF
OENNE,
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
Page 4 of 5
�F:\Cable\Data_Source\Cables\CD010\DEC94\MSGS\M1416289.html
GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS IS ESSENTIAL IN A DEMOCRACY. WE
URGE YOU TO CONTINUE TO MOVE FORWARD WITH REFORMS IN
THIS AREA, INCLUDING THE EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE
CODE OF CONDUCT ACT, THE STRENGTHENING OF THE CORRUPT
PRACTICES ACT, AND STEPS.TO ENSURE THE INDEPENDENCE OF
INVESTIGATIVE AGENCIES FROM POLITICAL INTERFERENCE.
KUCHEL
BT
#7614
NNNN
SECT:
SECTION: 01 OF 03
<' SECT>SECTION: 02 OF 03
OSECT>SECTION: 03 OF 03
v
SSN:
7614
TOR:
<"SSN>7614
<~SSN>7614
941215084243 M1416289
< TOR>941215084448 M1416292
< TOR>941215084551 M1416294
A
/N
DIST:
SIT: NSC
< DIST>
PRT: SIT TRIP
SIT: DESHAZER SUM SUM2
A
•
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
Page 5 of 5
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
<strong>Declassified Documents</strong>
Description
An account of the resource
This collection of declassified records focus primarily on foreign affairs. These records were declassified and made available to the public through a <a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/mandatory-declassification-review-requests">Mandatory Declassification Review</a> request.
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Clinton Presidential Records
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Text
A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.
Original Format
The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data
Paper
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Declassified documents concerning Rwanda
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
2011-0268-M
Date Available
Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available.
9/21/2015
Description
An account of the resource
This Mandatory Declassification Review contains material on Rwanda from 1993 through 1994, from the files of Anthony Lake, National Security Advisor. Materials include White House Situation Room reports, head of state correspondence, and talking points on the crisis in Rwanda.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
National Security Council
National Security Advisor
Anthony Lake
Is Part Of
A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.
<a href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/7585694">National Archives Catalog Description</a>
Format
The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource
Adobe Acrobat Document
Medium
The material or physical carrier of the resource.
Preservation-Reproduction-Reference
Provenance
A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource.
Clinton Presidential Records: White House Staff and Office Files
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
William J. Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Date Created
Date of creation of the resource.
9/2/2015
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
2011-0268-M
7585694
Anthony Lake
Declassified
Foreign Policy
Rwanda