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Clinton Presidential Records
Mandatory Declassification Review
This is not a presidential record. This is used as an administrative
marker by the William J. Clinton Presidential Library Staff.
Documents from this Mandatory Declassification Review were
released in full or released in part.
Those documents released with redactions have been restricted
under Sections 1.4 (c), (d), and 3.5 (c) of E.O. 13526.
�U N UN Ac
UHtHf
COMFIDEMTIAL
21022
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
C3
WASHINGTON D C J0506
•
CHRON FILE
September 20, 1993
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR SAMUEL R. BERGER
THROUGH:
RICHARD CL^KKRE/JENNIFE
FROM:
SUSAf^^iGE/NICK^ASMUSSE
SUBJECT:
Deputies Committee Meeting on A f r i c a n Peacekeeping
Issues
The Peacekeeping Core Group met September 9 t o discuss proposed
operations i n Rwanda and L i b e r i a . I t was c l e a r from t h a t meeting
t h a t there are issues t h a t warrant Deputies' a t t e n t i o n . As a
next step, we suggest t h a t you convene a DC meeting p o s s i b l y as
soon as t h i s week, t o consider the proposed Rwanda o p e r a t i o n . We
would also use the meeting t o t i e up a few loose ends r e l a t i n g t o
L i b e r i a . Global A f f a i r s w i l l d r a f t a paper f o r the DC on the
Rwanda o p e r a t i o n .
Rwanda
A UN r e s o l u t i o n i s l i k e l y t o be voted on w i t h i n the next couple
of weeks. The USG has never addressed a t a senior l e v e l the
question o f whether o r not we should support a Rwanda operation
or whether such an operation i s c o n s i s t e n t w i t h the g u i d e l i n e s
set out i n PRD-13. This issue may f u e l concern on the H i l l t h a t
we can't say no. I t ' s yet another o p e r a t i o n t h a t we cannot pay
for.
On the other hand, we must consider the i m p l i c a t i o n s o f
f a i l i n g t o support the Rwanda peace plan, which the U.S. helped
broker. |
E.0..13_526,J_.4(.bJ,.m.J3mj^4(dL
Liberia
Though the Deputies agreed some weeks ago t o support i n p r i n c i p l e
a UN observer mission i n L i b e r i a , they l e f t a key issue
unresolved: the question of p a r t i c i p a t i o n by U.S. m i l i t a r y
observers. Since the l a s t DC, the UN has i n f o r m a l l y requested
15-20 U.S. m i l i t a r y observers. Deputies should decide how t o
answer t h a t request. I n a d d i t i o n , there i s the question of
p l a c i n g U.S. l o g i s t i c i a n s on t h e ground. One of the key
p r e r e q u i s i t e s f o r the p a r t i c i p a t i o n of t h e p o t e n t i a l new E O O
CMG
c o n t r i b u t o r s i s t h a t the U.S. provide s u s t a i n i n g l o g i s t i c a l
support i n L i b e r i a f o r the d u r a t i o n of t h e operation. This would
CONFIDENTIAL
Declassify on: OAI
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E.O. 13526
�/
CONFIDENTIAL
J M U HA
U2 hIL
H
r e q u i r e U.S. m i l i t a r y personnel t o f a c i l i t a t e operations i n
Monrovia, a t Roberts F i e l d , and a t two major p o r t s .
You should also be aware t h a t J e n n i f e r Ward, w i t h support from
Global A f f a i r s i s working c l o s e l y w i t h State and Defense t o
resolve a number of r e l a t e d L i b e r i a issues before a UNSC vote. A
EUCOM assessment team has j u s t returned from L i b e r i a . Their
r e p o r t , plus a State-drafted Progress Report, w i l l address a l l o f
these issues, i n c l u d i n g :
Level o f Support f o r E O O Forces: Although we have
CMG
expressed a w i l l i n g n e s s i n p r i n c i p l e t o help E O O stand up
CMG
and s u s t a i n 4 a d d i t i o n a l b a t t a l i o n s , t h e r e are unanswered
questions about s p e c i f i c requirements. L i f t , equipment,
personnel costs, ongoing l o g i s t i c a l support.
Costs: W need a b e t t e r handle on what the e n t i r e spectrum
e
of our involvement could cost. At present, we have no sense
of t o t a l cost. Presumably, there w i l l be a need also t o
fund demobilization and resettlement o f the combatants, as
w e l l as an e l e c t i o n process and humanitarian support.
Timeframe:
ambitious?
mandate?
I s the 7 month period f o r e l e c t i o n s overly
Should we push f o r an extension o f the U
N
Humanitarian Requirements: W need t o get OFDA's view o f
e
the humanitarian assistance requirements needed t o make a
peacekeeping operation v i a b l e , as w e l l as post-PKO
requirements.
E O O V i a b i l i t y . There are concerns about the a v a i l a b i l i t y
CMG
of s u f f i c i e n t A f r i c a n troops t o augment ECOMOG. The OAU has
not taken steps t o accelerate r e c r u i t m e n t . There are no
c o u n t r i e s committed t o p a r t i c i p a t e a t t h i s stage and
deployment could take several months. There i s also some
concern t h a t Nigeria may reduce i t s p a r t i c i p a t i o n i n
peacekeeping, i n c l u d i n g i n L i b e r i a .
The French Problem: W need t o manage e f f e c t i v e l y the
e
French attempt t o l i n k L i b e r i a and Rwanda.
RECOMMENDATION
That you agree t o convene a meeting of the Deputies i n the near
f u t u r e as soon as papers have been prepared t o discuss Rwanda and
t i e up loose ends r e l a t e d t o L i b e r i a .
Approve
CONriDCNTIAL ,
Disapprove
rTi ITI • i
»-
N
yrocopY
;
�F :\Email\Data_Source\A 1 \Record\CDOO 1 \sep93\016485 .html
Page 1 of 2
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
27-Sep-1993 16:55 EDT
CONriDCNTIALMEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
N i c h o l a s J. Rasmussen
(RASMUSSEN)
SUBJECT:
Rwanda Peacekeeping O p e r a t i o n
Mr.
Lake/Mr. Berger --
Susan Rice asked t h a t I b r i n g t o your a t t e n t i o n the f a c t t h a t
the S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l appears t o be moving v e r y q u i c k l y toward
a vote on a r e s o l u t i o n e s t a b l i s h i n g a UN peacekeeping
o p e r a t i o n i n Rwanda. I n f o r m a l c o n s u l t a t i o n s have a l r e a d y
begun on the SYG's r e p o r t ( r e l e a s e d Monday).
I n keeping w i t h our d e s i r e t o precede more d e l i b e r a t e l y
b e f o r e v o t i n g yea o r nay on new UN o p e r a t i o n s , S t a t e i s
a s k i n g USUN t o slow the process so t h a t we can take a c l o s e
l o o k a t the SYG's report., as w e l l as a t t h e c o s t a n a l y s i s
( s t i l l pending) from the UN budget people.
Nonetheless, we
w i l l p r o b a b l y need t o have a USG p o s i t i o n by the b e g i n n i n g o f
next week.
We recommend t h a t a Deputies Committee meeting be scheduled
on Thursday o r F r i d a y t o c o n s i d e r the i s s u e . A number o f
issues should be discussed by Deputies, i n c l u d i n g f u n d i n g o f
the U.S. share o f an o p e r a t i o n , French a t t e m p t s t o l i n k the
o p e r a t i o n w i t h a L i b e r i a PKO, and how the o p e r a t i o n s t a c k s up
a g a i n s t the PRD-13 c r i t e r i a .
State/AF i s p r o v i d i n g us w i t h
i n p u t which we w i l l t u r n i n t o a DC d i s c u s s i o n paper. We can
have a paper ready by mid-week. I f a DC can be scheduled, we
w i l l c o o r d i n a t e the paper and agenda w i t h J e n n i f e r Ward.
A l t e r n a t i v e l y , we can prepare a d e c i s i o n memorandum f o r Mr.
Lake.
Distribution:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
W Anthony K. Lake
.
Samuel R. Berger
Mary C. Emery
Wilma G. H a l l
K r i s t e n K. C i c i o
K a t h e r i n e M. V e i t
James W Reed
.
W i l l i a m H. I t o h
K r i s t i e A. Kenney
M. Brooke Darby
Richard A. Clarke
Richard L. Canas
Wanda D. Lindsey
Rand R. Beers
E r i c P. Schwartz
(
(
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LAKE )
BERGER )
EMERY )
HALL )
CICIO )
VEIT )
REED )
ITOH )
KENNEY )
DARBY )
CLARKER )
CANAS )
LINDSEY )
BEERS )
SCHWARTZ )
CLINTON LIBRARY
DU
DECLASSIFIED
PER E.0.13526
CP
OY
�F :\Email\Data_Source\A 1 \Record\CDOO 1 \sep93\016485 .html
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
CC:
Ernest J. W i l s o n I I I
Susan E. Rice
Marcia G. Norman
0. Ruth S t a l c u p
Sean J. Darragh
N i c h o l a s J. Rasmussen
Records
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
WILSON )
RICE )
NORMAN )
STALCUP )
DARRAGH )
RASMUSSEN )
RECORDS )
A d d i t i o n a l Header I n f o r m a t i o n Follows
Date Created: 27-Sep-1993 15:31
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DOCNUM: 016485
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A l Folder: SEP93
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Message S t a t u s : READ
Date M o d i f i e d : 27-Sep-1993 15:31
Forward Flag: YES
Read-Receipt Requested: NO
D e l i v e r y - R e c e i p t Requested: NO
Message P r i o r i t y : FIRST_CLASS
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
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�F:\Email\Data_Source\Al\Record\CD001\sep93\016533.html
Page 1 of 1
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
28-Sep-1993 14:31 EDT
-COHri D&MT IAL
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
J e n n i f e r C. Ward
(WARD)
SUBJECT:
Rwanda
Sandy:
Assuming, t h a t we can get t h e paperwork sped up, would you be
w i l l i n g t o add Rwanda t o t h e agenda f o r t h e Thursday Deputies
Meeting on Sudan? Dick and I agree t h a t we need t o make a
decision quickly.
I got a c a l l from Ambassador A l b r i g h t ' s
o f f i c e n o t i n g t h a t i t would be u n l i k e l y t h a t we c o u l d h o l d
the UNSC o f f much l o n g e r , and t h a t a d e c i s i o n sooner r a t h e r
than l a t e r was p r e f e r a b l e .
Please a d v i s e .
Thanks.
Distribution:
FOR:
CC:
CC:
CC:
CC:
CC:
CC:
CC:
CC:
CC:
CC:
CC:
Samuel R. Berger
Records
Records
Mary C. Emery
Wilma G. H a l l
K r i s t e n K. C i c i o
K a t h e r i n e M. V e i t
James W Reed
.
W i l l i a m H. I t o h
K r i s t i e A. Kenney
M. Brooke Darby
Richard A. C l a r k e
(
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BERGER )
RECORDS )
RECORDS )
EMERY )
HALL )
CICIO )
VEIT )
REED )
ITOH )
KENNEY )
DARBY )
CLARKER )
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PER E.0,13526
INTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
28-Sep-1993 19:28 EDT
MEMORANDUM FOR:
VAX_MAIL@OEOB
RICE@Al@OEOB
RAGLE@Al@OEOB
White House S i t u a t i o n Room
(WHSR@A1@WHSR)
FROM:
RWANDA AND CRITERIA FOR NEW UN PKO
SUBJECT:
CDIST>
SIT: RAGLE RICE VAX
:PREC>
PRIORITY
:CLAS>
^ECRFJ:OSRI>
tUCNDT
:DTG>
:82253Z SEP
:ORIG>
ISMISSION
:TO>
93
USUN
NEW
YORK
:UEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 9 9 9 2
NFO RUEHLGB/AMEMBASSY K I G A L I P R I O R I T Y
0090
.UEKJCS/JOINT
S T A F F WASHDC P R I O R I T Y
U E K J C S / S E C D E F WASHDC P R I O R I T Y
UEADWW/WHITEHOUSE WASHDC P R I O R I T Y
UFHFR/AMEMBASSY P A R I S 1 4 6 6
SUBJ>
RWANDA AND CRITERIA FOR NEW UN PKO
TEXT>
-E C R E-T SECTION 01 OF 02 USUN NEW YORK 0047 35
TATE PLEASE PASS TO SECRETARY'S DELEGATION
TATE FOR AF-MOOSE, IO-BENNET, EUR-OXMAN,
LSO IO/UNP, IO/PHO, AF/C, L/UNA, L/AF
HITE HOUSE PLEASE PASS NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
ECDEF FOR OSD/ISA
DINT STAFF FOR CHAIRMAN, DIR JS, J5, J3
.0.12356: DECL:OADR
\GS: MOPS, MARR, PREL, UNSC
JBJECT: RWANDA AND CRITERIA FOR NEW UN PKO
SF: A) USUN 4653, B) USUN 4690, C) USUN 4720
. -SEGRBT - ENTIRE TEXT. THIS IS AN ACTION CABLE, SEE
^ A 4.
R
SUMMARY: FRENCH FONMIN JUPPE MAY RAISE WITH THE
rd)
DECLASSIFIEp
PER E.0.13526
�CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
SECRETARY T M R O THE QUESTION OF A UN PKO IN RWANDA.
OORW
THE FRENCH PLAN TO CALL FOR A SECURITY COUNCIL VOTE
THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 30 ON THE RESOLUTION ESTABLISHING
THE RWANDA PEACEKEEPING OPERATION. FOLLOWING IN PARAS 5
THROUGH 11 IS AN EXAMINATION OF THE PROPOSED UN
PEACEKEEPING OPERATION IN RWANDA (REFTELS) IN RELATION
TO THE PRD-13 CRITERIA CURRENTLY UNDER DISCUSSION, AND
TO PRESIDENT CLINTON'S SEPTEMBER 27 SPEECH TO THE UN
GENERAL ASSEMBLY. IN OUR ANALYSIS, IT WOULD APPEAR THAT
THE PROPOSED PKO FOR RWANDA MEETS THE DRAFT CRITERIA
SUBJECT TO FINAL SUBMISSION OF A FINANCIAL STATEMENT
WHICH IS EXPECTED IMMINENTLY. END SUMMARY.
3. FRENCH PERMREP MERIMEE WARNED USUN DEPUTY PERMREP
WALKER THAT FRENCH FONMIN JUPPE MAY RAISE THE ISSUE OF A
S W UN PKO (REFTELS) WITH SECRETARY CHRISTOPHER
E
SEPTEMBER 29. THE FRENCH WANT TO CONSIDER THE DRAFT
RESOLUTION (REFTEL B) TUESDAY, REFINE THE TEXT
WEDNESDAY, PUT I T INTO ITS FINAL DRAFT VERSION WEDNESDAY
*IGHT, AND VOTE THURSDAY. MERIMEE WANTS TO CONCLUDE
THIS MATTER DURING SEPTEMBER, SO AS TO AVOID THE DELAYS
THAT ARE INEVITABLE WHEN A N W PERSON ASSUMES THE
E
SECURITY COUNCIL PRESIDENCY ON THE FIRST OF OCTOBER.
THE FRENCH K O THEY HAVE AT LEAST TEN POSITIVE VOTES
NW
[ONE MORE THAN NEEDED TO PASS A RESOLUTION IN THE
VBSENCE OF A VETO). - THE FRENCH BELIEVE THE RWANDA
DPERATION MEETS THE CRITERIA SPELLED OUT BY PRESIDENT
LINTON IN HIS SPEECH TO THE UNGA. MERIMEE POINTED OUT
?HAT THE FRENCH COOPERATED ON THE RECENT LIBERIA AND
IAITI RESOLUTIONS ESTABLISHING NEW PKO'S. USUN HAS
IEVER INDICATED THAT W ACKNOWLEDGE A LINKAGE.
E
C M E T IF W TAKE THE STEP OF VETOING THE FRENCH
OMN:
E
)RAFT RESOLUTION, THEREBY FORCING THE FRENCH TO MAINTAIN
'HEIR BATTALION IN KIGALI, W CAN ALMOST CERTAINLY WRITE
E
IFF THE POSSIBILITY OF FRENCH TROOPS REMAINING IN
lOMALIA. END COMMENT.
: THE ONLY WAY W COULD STOP THE RWANDA PKO IS BY
.
E
'HREATENING TO VETO A RESOLUTION THURSDAY. WE MUST,
'HEREFORE, RECEIVE INSTRUCTIONS TO EITHER VOTE YES,
BSTAIN, OR VETO BY 10 AM THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 30.
NSTRUCTIONS ON THE TEXT OF THE DRAFT RESOLUTION WILL
AVE THE MOST EFFECT ON THE DELIBERATIONS OF THE TEXT I F
ECEIVED BY OOB WEDNESDAY. I F INSTRUCTED TO VETO," USUN
ILL REQUIRE AN EXPLANATION OF VOTE (EOV) FROM THE
EPARTMENT.
. DURING THE PROCESS OF DEFINING USG FACTORS TO BE
ONSIDERED BEFORE VOTING ON NEW UN PEACEKEEPING AND
EACE ENFORCEMENT OPERATIONS, SIX FACTORS HAVE EMERGED
S PART OF THE LATEST PRD-13 DRAFT. TO AID THE USG
EVIEW PROCESS, W WILL APPLY THESE STANDARDS TO THE
E
ROPOSED OPERATION FOR RWANDA.
. IS THERE A THREAT TO INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND
ECURITY? YES. INTERNATIONAL AGGRESSION OCCURRED WHEN
PF TROOPS INVADED RWANDA FROM UGANDAN TERRITORY IN
990. ALSO, ALMOST 1 MILLION DISPLACED PERSONS AND
�CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
REFUGEES FLED THEIR FARMS DURING THE FIGHTING,
CONSTITUTING A HUMANITARIAN DISASTER REQUIRING URGENT
ACTION, COUPLED WITH VIOLENCE.
7. IS THERE AN INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY OF INTEREST FOR
DEALING WITH THE PROBLEM ON A MULTILATERAL BASIS? YES.
AT LEAST TEN SECURITY COUNCIL MEMBERS HAVE VOICED
SUPPORT FOR THE PKO PROPOSED BY THE SYG. THE OAU AND
THE OBSERVERS TO THE PEACE TALKS IN ARUSHA, TANZANIA
ALSO FAVOR THE MULTILATERAL APPROACH CALLED FOR IN THE
PEACE AGREEMENT.
8. ARE THERE CLEAR OBJECTIVES, INCLUDING AN
UNDERSTANDING OF WHERE THE MISSION FITS ON THE SPECTRUM
BETWEEN TRADITIONAL PEACEKEEPING AND PEACE ENFORCEMENT?
fES. THIS WOULD BE A CLASSIC PEACEKEEPING OPERATION
OPERATING UNDER CHAPTER V I WHERE THE CEASEFIRE,
J D C R E T SECTION 02 OF 02 USUN NEW YORK 0047 35
3TATE PLEASE PASS TO SECRETARY'S DELJGATION
3TATE FOR AF-MOOSE, IO-BENNET, EUR-OXMAN,
\LSO
IO/UNP,
TFHITE
HOUSE
IO/PHO,
PLEASE
AF/C,
PASS
L/UNA,
NATIONAL
L/AF
SECURITY
COUNCIL
3ECDEF FOR OSD/ISA
JOINT STAFF FOR CHAIRMAN, D I R J S , J 5 , J 3
2 . 0 . 1 2 3 5 6 : DECL:OADR
TAGS:
MOPS,
SUBJECT:
MARR,
RWANDA
DEMOBILIZATION
'ARTIES
WOULD
SNFORCEMENT
/OULD
HAVE
IEED BE.
?
OR
PREL,
AND
AND
BE
OTHER
WOULD
CAPABILITY
FOR
NEW
AGREEMENTS
MONITORED
POWERS
THE
UNSC
CRITERIA
BY
BE
OF
THE
UN.
INVOLVED,
ACTING
THE OPERATION HAS A CLEAR
EXECUTION,
WITH
PRECISE
UN
PKO
REACHED
NO
BETWEEN
THE
PEACE
ALTHOUGH
THE
FORCE
I N SELF-DEFENSE
I F
2 2 - 2 5 MONTH PERIOD
MILEPOSTS
ON
THE
WAY,
AT
THE
3ND OF WHICH TIME THE MANDATE AND MISSION EXPIRES.
THIS
IS
HAVE
ONE
OF
THE
BETTER-ORGANIZED
AND
PLANNED
PKO'S
WE
;EEN.
I. FOR CHAPTER V I PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS, IS A
lEASEFIRE IN PLACE AND HAVE THE PARTIES TO THE CONFLICT
lONSENTED BEFORE THE UN SECURITY COUNCIL VOTES TO DEPLOY
' E PEACEKEEPING MISSION. YES. THE CEASEFIRE HAS BEEN
H
[OLDING WELL FOR SEVERAL MONTHS. THE PARTIES TO THE
lONFLICT SIGNED AN AGREEMENT IN ARUSHA, TANZANIA IN
HIGH THE REQUESTED THAT A PEACEKEEPING MISSION BE
EPLOYED AS PART OF THE TRANSITION PROCESS TO PEACEFUL
LECTIONS AND DEMOCRACY.
0. ARE THE MEANS TO ACCOMPLISH THE MISSION AVAILABLE,
NCLUDING (A) FORCES (REGIONAL OR UN) APPROPRIATE TO THE
ISSION? YES. THE UN HAS INFORMALLY CONTACTED SEVERAL
RANCOPHONE COUNTRIES WHICH HAVE PRELIMINARILY EXPRESSED
ILLINGNESS TO CONSIDER CONTRIBUTING THE TWO BATTALIONS
ECOMMENDED FOR THE RWANDA PKO. THE SIZE OF THE FORCE
ILL VARY BETWEEN APPROXIMATELY 700 AND 2,500 DEPENDING
N THE NEEDS AT ANY GIVEN TIME IN ORDER TO SAVE ON
OSTS. (B) MANDATE: THE MANDATE WOULD BE TO FACILITATE
HE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PEACE AGREEMENT, CONTRIBUTING
D THE DISENGAGEMENT, DEMOBILIZATION AND INTEGRATION
�PHASE, WHILE PROVIDING AN ADEQUATE LEVEL OF SECURITY.
SOME OF THE SPECIFICS OF THE MANDATE, AS SPELLED OUT IN
A SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION, WOULD BE TO: A)
CONTRIBUTE TO THE SECURITY OF THE T W OF KIGALI, B)
ON
SUPERVISE THE CEASEFIRE AGREEMENT, INCLUDING THE
ESTABLISHMENT OF CANTONMENT AND ASSEMBLY ZONES AND THE
DEFINING OF DEMILITARIZATION PROCEDURES, C) OVERSEE THE
CONDITIONS OF SECURITY IN THE COUNTRY DURING THE FINAL
STAGE OF THE MANDATE OF THE TRANSITIONAL GOVERNMENT
UNTIL THE ELECTIONS, D) CONTRIBUTE TO MINE CLEARING
EFFORTS RELATED TO THE OPERATION, IN PARTICULAR BY MEANS
OF TRAINING PROGRAMS, E) EXAMINE AT THE REQUEST OF THE
PARTIES OR ON ITS OWN INITIATIVE, INSTANCES OF
NON-IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROTOCOL OF AGREEMENT ON THE
INTEGRATION OF THE ARMED FORCES AND DETERMINE THOSE WHO
ARE RESPONSIBLE, F) OVERSEE THE SECURITY OF THE PROCESS
OF REPATRIATION OF RWANDESE REFUGEES AND DISPLACED
PERSONS, G) SUPERVISE THE ACTIVITIES OF THE GENDARMERIE
AND POLICE. (C) FINANCE: THE FINANCIAL STATEMENT HAS
NOT YET BEEN SUBMITTED BY THE SECRETARIAT AND THE
COUNCIL WILL NOT ACT UNTIL IT HAS BEEN PUBLISHED. THE
COUNCIL HAS ACTED, HOWEVER, AS IN THE CASE OF HAITI,
IMMEDIATELY ON PUBLICATION OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENT.
11. FINALLY, CAN AN END-POINT TO UN INVOLVEMENT BE
IDENTIFIED? YES. THE INSTALLATION OF A DEMOCRATICALLY
2LECTED GOVERNMENT AT THE END OF THE TRANSITION AND
ELECTORAL PROCESS (APPROXIMATELY 22-25 MONTHS AFTER
ADOPTION OF A SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION).
ALBRIGHT
3T
f4735
mm
:SECT>
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CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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�C NDNA
O F E TL
I I
CONFIDENTIAL
7451
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
WASHINGTON. D.C. 20506
September 29,
1993
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR SAMUEL R. BERGER
THROUGH:
RICHARD A.^ptAfei(E/JENNIFER W
A
FROM:
NICK RASMUSSEN*^
SUBJECT:
Rwanda Peacekeeping Operation
I f approved, a UN peacekeeping o p e r a t i o n f o r Rwanda stands a good
chance o f being a success. Both p a r t i e s t o t h e c o n f l i c t want UN
involvement and b e l i e v e i t i s necessary f o r continued progress i n
implementing t h e Arusha peace accord (which we helped b r o k e r ) .
The c e a s e f i r e has h e l d f o r s e v e r a l months; i t s d u r a b i l i t y a t t e s t s
t o a s t r o n g d e s i r e on both sides f o r a p o l i t i c a l s o l u t i o n . OAU
and UN observers have been i n country f o r s e v e r a l months and have
not been harmed o r threatened i n any way.
The PRD-13 Factors. There are s a t i s f a c t o r y answers t o a number
of t h e PRD f a c t o r s t h a t we have developed t o guide our d e c i s i o n s
on support f o r new UN o p e r a t i o n s .
o
There i s an i n t e r n a t i o n a l community o f i n t e r e s t f o r d e a l i n g
w i t h t h e problem on a m u l t i l a t e r a l b a s i s . USUN r e p o r t s t h a t
at l e a s t 10 UNSC members w i l l vote i n f a v o r o f a r e s o l u t i o n .
o
There are c l e a r o b j e c t i v e s and a c l e a r understanding
t h i s a peacekeeping, n o t peace enforcement mission.
o
A c e a s e f i r e i s i n place; both p a r t i e s want the UN t o c . e
-m
in.
o
An end p o i n t t o UN involvement has been i d e n t i f i e d . When an
i n t e g r a t e d armed f o r c e i s created and e l e c t i o n s produce a
new governmenti t h e UN w i l l leave. The UN estimates t h i s
w i l l take ,22-25-jatonths.
that
Looking a t some o f t h e other g u i d e l i n e s , however, t h e p i c t u r e i s
less f a v o r a b l e :
o
I t i s not c l e a r t h a t t h e r e are means a v a i l a b l e t o support
t h i s mission. There i s consensus t h a t t h e OAU i s
overburdened and cannot take on t h e mission. While some UN
member s t a t e s have i n d i c a t e d t h a t they are w i l l i n g t o
consider stepping forward, we are a long way from having
f i r m t r o o p commitments. We can also assume t h a t t h i s
operation would add t o our UN arrearages.
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The f i r s t g u i d e l i n e , t h a t t h e r e be a t h r e a t t o i n t e r n a t i o n a l
peace and s e c u r i t y , i s met, but j u s t b a r e l y . The most
compelling r a t i o n a l e f o r UN involvement i s t o bring.an end
t o a c o n f l i c t which has d i s p l a c e d almost 1 m i l l i o n people,
not t o h a l t aggression.
D e m o b i l i z a t i o n ; Ambitious and Expensive. Beyond t h e PRD
g u i d e l i n e s , we have some concerns which center around the UN's
• concept o f o p e r a t i o n s . I n the e a r l y stages of the mission, t h e
UN would do what we know i t can do s u c c e s s f u l l y
oversee a
c e a s e f i r e so t h a t a t r a n s i t i o n a l government can take o f f i c e i n a
c l i m a t e o f s e c u r i t y . L a t e r , however, t h e mission would be
jfresponsible f o r o r g a n i z i n g d e m o b i l i z a t i o n o f t h e two armed forces
'so t h a t an i n t e g r a t e d , n a t i o n a l army could be created.
Demobilization of two l a r g e armed forces (30,000 on one s i d e ,
20,000 on t h e o t h e r ) i s a complex and ambitious undertaking, made
mueh more so by t h e UN's r e l a t i v e inexperience w i t h disarmament.
I f t h e r e i s any p o i n t a t which t h i s o p e r a t i o n could break down,
t h i s would be i t .
A d e m o b i l i z a t i o n component t o the mission has s i g n i f i c a n t cost
i m p l i c a t i o n s as w e l l . At i t s peak, t h e number of UN peacekeepers
w i l l - climb t o almost 2600. Though the UN has not y e t provided
i cost estimates, we expect t h a t i t w i l l be q u i t e expensive.
There
have already been s e v e r a l attempts t o scale down t h e s i z e of t h e
proposed o p e r a t i o n , but given the ambitious mandate, t h i s has not
been p o s s i b l e .
Next Steps. I f we are i n c l i n e d t o support t h i s mission i n the
S e c u r i t y Council, we should nonetheless take t h e time t o make
sure our concerns about mission scope and costs are given a f a i r
hearing and t o scrub t h e t e x t of the r e s o l u t i o n . Given the
President's c l e a r statement on Monday, S e c u r i t y Council members
and Boutros-Ghali should expect no l e s s . Even i f we end up
s u p p o r t i n g t h e mission i n i t s c u r r e n t form, we w i l l have
e s t a b l i s h e d t h a t we w i l l exercise our r i g h t t o s c r u t i n i z e an
o p e r a t i o n i n advance of a d e c i s i o n , regardless o f time pressures
from other members.
We understand t h a t Secretary Christopher informed French PM Juppe
i n New York today t h a t we want t o delay the S e c u r i t y Council vote
scheduled f o r Thursday. Ambassador A l b r i g h t i s f o l l o w i n g up
through UN channels.
State has also begun p u t t i n g together
comments on t h e d r a f t r e s o l u t i o n o f f e r e d by t h e French. Most of
the changes w i l l i n v o l v e being more p r e c i s e about the mandate and
end p o i n t s . We w i l l have t h e i r i n p u t e a r l y on Thursday.
E O 13526, 1.4(d)
..
CONFIDENTIAL
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COMPIDEMWMr
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E O 13526, 1.4(d) I We have developed a p r e l i m i n a r y d r a f t o f a
..
response.
We b e l i e v e t h a t S t a t e w i l l support a Rwanda r e s o l u t i o n (USUN has
already weighed i n f a v o r -- see Tab C). OSD and JCS would have
to be convinced, b u t t h e i r concerns appear seem more t i e d up i n
the process (a h u r r i e d vote w i t h o u t good i n f o r m a t i o n ) than w i t h
the substance. I f we can slow t h e process down and demonstrate .
to them t h a t -we are f a i t h f u l l y a p p l y i n g t h e PRD g u i d e l i n e s , they
w i l l l i k e l y support a yes vote.
RECOMMENDATION
That you agree t o schedule t h i s week e i t h e r a Deputies meeting o r
conference c a l l i n v o l v i n g State, DOD and NSC t o develop a USG
p o s i t i o n on a Rwanda r e s o l u t i o n .
Approve
Disapprove
Attachments
Tab A
Mitterand's L e t t e r
Tab B
D r a f t L e t t e r o f Response
Tab C
USUN Cable
CONFIDENTIAL
�DRAFT
Dear F r a n c o i s :
Thank you f o r w r i t i n g t o share w i t h me your
views on t h e s i t u a t i o n i n Rwanda. I agree
w i t h you t h a t t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community
needs t o s u p p o r t t h e Arusha accords so t h a t
our e f f o r t s t o b r i n g peace t o Rwanda a r e n o t
compromised.
To t h a t end, t h e U.S. i s c o n s i d e r i n g
s u p p o r t i n g a r e s o l u t i o n e s t a b l i s h i n g a UN
f o r c e i n Rwanda, p r o v i d e d ^ p f c o u r s e ^ t h a t o u r
concerns about t h e m i s s i o n ' s mandate and c o s t
are r e s o l v e d i n a s a t i s f a c t o r y manner. As I
made c l e a r i n my remarks t o the •<lJfiGA)last
week, I t h i n k i t i s i m p e r a t i v e t h a t we
c o n s i d e r a l l aspects o f an o p e r a t i o n b e f o r e ^ r^p, Cc^r^ < rYvuvu-A&l*.
we move t o a f i n a l v o t e . ~I~~great:Iy"
a p p r e c i a t e your government's w i l l i n g n e s s t o
accept a s h o r t d e l a y i n t h e C o u n c i l ' s f i n a l
v o t e on t h i s m a t t e r so t h a t we can address
the i s s u e s t h a t concern t h e U.S.
r
I understand t h a t deployment o f a UN f o r c e
w i l l p e r m i t France t o w i t h d r a w i t s f o r c e s
from Rwanda. I hope you—ean—feetU-the—UN t h a t
X
t h e c r e a t i o n o f a UN f o r c e i n Rwanda can
Jsy-^ x;' permit^some French f o r c e s t o remain i n
Somalia beyond t h e end o f t h e year. As you
know, I t h i n k i t i s v i t a l t h a t t h e S e c r e t a r y General's e f f o r t s i n Somalia r e c e i v e t h e
continuing strong support of t h e
CLINTON Ltffi/^TrPHOTOCOPY
�DRAFT
i n t e r n a t i o n a l community.
L e t me c l o s e by
t h a n k i n g you f o r your h e l p i n e n s u r i n g t h a t
c o o p e r a t i o n between France and t h e U.S. on
peackeeping m a t t e r s around t h e w o r l d remains
strong.
W i t h Best
Wishes,
CLINTON DRAFT P O O O Y
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
02-Oct-1993 13:17
EDT
COHriDENT I f t f t
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
Susan E. Rice
(RICE)
SUBJECT:
RWANDA UPDATE
Sandy-I have sent up t o you a r e v i s e d v e r s i o n o f t h e P r e s i d e n t ' s
l e t t e r t o M i t t e r a n d t a k i n g i n t o account the concerns t h a t I
understand you expressed t o Dick.
I am assuming t h a t
mission, despite a
a f t e r l o o k i n g more
Please l e t us know
we s t i l l p l a n t o support t h e Rwanda
rumor t h a t Frank Wisner was r e c o n s i d e r i n g
c l o s e l y a t the l a t e s t French r e s o l u t i o n .
i f our p o s i t i o n has changed.
Late y e s t e r d a y a f t e r n o o n we had a working l e v e l i n t e r a g e n c y
videoconference t o t r y t o respond t o widespread concerns
about t h e m i l i t a r y concept o f o p e r a t i o n s f o r t h e Rwanda
m i s s i o n and t o reach consensus on a U.S. p o s i t i o n on the
d r a f t r e s o l u t i o n . While much common ground was found on the
o u t l i n e o f the r e s o l u t i o n , you should know t h a t JCS and t o a
somewhat l e s s e r e x t e n t OSD have very s e r i o u s concerns about
the m i s s i o n as c u r r e n t l y conceived.
I n p a r t i c u l a r , they b e l i e v e t h a t since the m i s s i o n i s a
t r a d i t i o n a l CH. V I i n a supposedly c o m p l e t e l y p e r m i s s i v e
environment, the o p e r a t i o n should be conducted by unarmed
m i l i t a r y observers (or at most v e r y l i g h t l y armed observers)
r a t h e r than the planned 2 i n f a n t r y b a t t a l i o n - s . As the
m i s s i o n now stands, they "non-concur", and remain adamantly
opposed f o r t h i s reason.
S t a t e supports the 2 i n f a n t r y b a t t a l i o n s .
I t e n d t o agree
w i t h JCS t h a t t h e r e i s c o n s i d e r a b l e dissonance between t h e
concept o f o p e r a t i o n s and the supposed p e r m i s s i v e
environment.
We ought t o be able t o achieve t h e same goals
w i t h observers i f t h e p a r t i e s t r u l y want peace. However, i t
w i l l be d i f f i c u l t t o move the French, the UN and the Rwandan
p a r t i e s i n the s h o r t time we have b e f o r e a v o t e . JCS and/or
OSD may r a i s e t h i s a t your l e v e l .
I t h i n k we ought t o t a l k t o the French and the UN i n New York
t o address these i s s u e s , p r e f e r a b l y b e f o r e a v o t e , i f JCS
insists.
Distribution:
FOR:
Samuel R. Berger
( BERGER ) —
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Mary C. Emery
Wilma G. H a l l
K r i s t e n K. C i c i o
K a t h e r i n e M. V e i t
James W Reed
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Wi-lliam H. I t o h
K r i s t i e A. Kenney
M. Brooke Darby
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
CM-Oct-1993 14:34 EDT
-CONnDCNTIAt
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
Susan E. Rice
(RICE)
SUBJECT:
RWANDA
Sandy-I t seems, t h a t S t a t e and DOD/JCS have managed t o come t o
agreement on i n s t r u c t i o n s t o USUN t o support t h e Rwanda
resolution.
I n s h o r t , JCS walked back from t h e c l i f f and
agreed t o more open-ended language about the c o m p o s i t i o n o f
the f o r c e (armed b a t t a l i o n s vs. unarmed m i l i t a r y observers)
i n exchange f o r a b s o l u t e c l a r i t y t h a t t h i s i s meant t o be a
t r a d i t i o n a l ( p a c i f i c ) Chapter V I o p e r a t i o n .
This i s a good compromise. We are l o o k i n g f o r w a r d t o r a p i d l y
c l e a r i n g t h e x-hatched i n s t r u c t i o n cable.
I have t r i e d t o t r a c k down t h e message from t h e P r e s i d e n t t o
M i t t e r r a n d . As f a r as we can t e l l , the package went t o the
P r e s i d e n t on Saturday evening, b u t has not y e t been signed
out.
Kathy M i l l i s o n i s checking f u r t h e r f o r us.
Susan
Distribution:
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Nancy Soderberg
Mary C. Emery
Wilma G. H a l l
K r i s t e n K. C i c i o
K a t h e r i n e M. V e i t
James W Reed
.
W i l l i a m H. I t o h
K r i s t i e A. Kenney
M. Brooke Darby
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Richard A. Clarke
Randy R. Beers
J e n n i f e r C. Ward
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INTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
09-Nov-1993 12:57 EDT
COMFIDEMTIAL
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
E r i c P. Schwartz
(SCHWARTZ)
SUBJECT:
Meeting With Sadako Ogata, UNHCR, Tues. a t 6:30 pm
Memorandum
November 9, 1993
To:
Samuel Berger
Through: Richard Clarke
Fr:
E r i c Schwartz
Concurrences by: Jane H o l l , J e n n i f e r Ward, L a r r y Rossin
Subject:
Meeting t h i s evening w i t h Mrs. Sadako Ogata o f UNHCR
We expect Mrs. Ogata w i l l r a i s e UNHCR a c t i v i t i e s i n Bosnia, t h e
s i t u a t i o n i n H a i t i and, p o s s i b l y , the s i t u a t i o n i n Burundi.
I n a d d i t i o n t o d i s c u s s i n g these issues w i t h her, you w i l l want t o
c o n g r a t u l a t e her on her recent r e e l e c t i o n t o a f i v e year term and
express s t r o n g U.S. support f o r her l e a d e r s h i p a t UNHCR.
I.
BOSNIA
Background: Mrs. Ogata's v i s i t comes a t an i n c r e a s i n g l y
d i f f i c u l t time f o r agency operations i n Bosnia.
Security
c o n d i t i o n s continue t o d e t e r i o r a t e f o r humanitarian r e l i e f
workers!
EO 13526 1.4d
EO 13526 1.4d
POINTS TO MAKE/QUESTIONS TO RAISE:
UNHCR i n Bosnia: Express a p p r e c i a t i o n f o r continued UNHCR
e f f o r t s i n the r e g i o n .
W i n t e r i z a t i o n Plans: What i s Mrs. Ogata view o f
p r e p a r a t i o n s and c o o r d i n a t i o n between agencies?
EC I n i t i a t i v e t o Encourage P a r t i e s t o Guarantee Supply
Routes: How does Mrs. Ogata assess the prospects f o r t h i s
initiative?
Tuzla: Reports i n d i c a t e serious shortages i n the Tuzla
area. What are Mrs. Ogata's views on the opening of Tuzla
a i r p o r t and under what scenario does she t h i n k t h i s might be
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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accomplished?
[Note: UNHCR continues t o b e l i e v e the opening o f the
airport i s v i t a l .
Before the a i r p o r t were opened, Bosnian
f o r c e s would probably have t o abandon many o f the b u i l d i n g s
at the a i r p o r t , which they have thus f a r refused t o do.
State suggests t h a t the Europeans could handle the t e c h n i c a l
aspects o f opening the a i r p o r t . I
EQ 13526 1.4d
EO 13526 1.4d
Other issues t h a t might come up:
•
UNHCR APPEAL FOR BOSNIA: we are now p r e p a r i n g a response,
which should be ready w i t h i n the next seven days.
PERMITTING UNHCR TO PROVIDE HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE TO
REFUGEES IN SERBIA: The refugee p o p u l a t i o n i n Serbia i s
d i s t r e s s e d , and the Serbs are using t h i s p u b l i c l y as claimed
evidence o f d i s c r i m i n a t o r y treatment o f refugees. UNHCR
urges a i d t o these p o p u l a t i o n s , as w e l l as t o other
v u l n e r a b l e groups i n Serbia. We have not taken a formal
p o s i t i o n , though Warren Zimmerman a t State supports a
c a r e f u l l y monitored and c o n t r o l l e d a i d program. Jane and I
agree w i t h Warren.
II.
HAITI -- ISSUES MRS. OGATA MAY RAISE
Background: As you know, UNHCR opposes direct return. With
other countries supporting the embargo with their own ships, the
question of their policies on return may arise. As a result, the
UNHCR Americas Directorate has requested a technical meeting in
Geneva to discuss the treatment of Haitian boat people by ships
of countries enforcing the embargo. |
EO 13526 1 Ad
EO 13526 1.4d
I f r a i s e d , you may want t o p o i n t out t h a t
—
Based on our own experience, we are very d o u b t f u l t h a t a
UNHCR meeting w i l l come up w i t h v i a b l e t h i r d country
options.
We continue t o monitor the s i t u a t i o n i n H a i t i and see no
signs o f a imminent exodus o f l a r g e numbers.
Our t h r e e refugee processing centers are o p e r a t i n g i n H a i t i
and U.S. o f f i c i a l s continue t o meet r e t u r n i n g H a i t i a n s t o
a s s i s t those who wish t o apply f o r refugee s t a t u s .
Ill.
BURUNDI
Background: As you know, elements of t h e Burundi m i l i t a r y
r e c e n t l y launched an attempted coup d'etat a g a i n s t the
d e m o c r a t i c a l l y - e l e c t e d government o f President Ndadaye, r e s u l t i n g
i n t h e death o f the President and several members of h i s Cabinet,
as w e l l as i n t e r - e t h n i c v i o l e n c e p r i m a r i l y i n the c o u n t r y s i d e .
We have no estimates o f t h e number k i l l e d . Some 650,000 new
N O LIBRARY P O O O Y
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refugees have f l e d t o - n e i g h b o r i n g s t a t e s , p r i m a r i l y Rwanda,
Tanzania and Z a i r e . As a r e s u l t o f t h i s c r i s i s , UNHCR has
d e p l e t e d i t s emergency fund and has now borrowed $5 m i l l i o n from
t h e UN's C e n t r a l Emergency R e v o l v i n g Fund. UNHCR has made an
appeal f o r $17 m i l l i o n t o meet t h e needs o f t h e refugees over t h e
next t h r e e months. S t a t e R/P i s p r e p a r i n g an ERMA ( A f r i c a )
drawdown p r o p o s a l f o r t h e P r e s i d e n t f o r $20 m i l l i o n , o f which
$4.25 m i l l i o n would go t o t h e UNHCR f o r Burundian refugees.
POINTS TO MAKE:
We want t o be as h e l p f u l as p o s s i b l e i n t h i s h u m a n i t a r i a n
c r i s i s and encourage UNHCR's e f f o r t s as w e l l as those o f t h e
ICRC and WFP;
•
AID's O f f i c e o f D i s a s t e r A s s i s t a n c e has a l r e a d y approved
c o n t r i b u t i o n s o f $50,000 as a r e s u l t o f our Ambassadors'
h a v i n g d e c l a r e d d i s a s t e r s i n Rwanda and B u r u n d i ;
We a r e w o r k i n g on a drawdown o f monies from t h e P r e s i d e n t ' s
emergency f u n d t o p r o v i d e s u b s t a n t i a l f u n d i n g f o r your
appeal.
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James W Reed
.
W i l l i a m H. I t o h
K r i s t i e A. Kenney
M. Brooke Darby
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Lawrence G. Rossin
Barbro A. O w e n s - K i r k p a t r i c k
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Jane E. H o l l
Jenonne R. Walker
Richard A. C l a r k e
R i c h a r d L. Canas
Wanda D. Lindsey
Rand R. Beers
E r i c P. Schwartz
Ernest J. Wilson I I I
Susan E. Rice
Marcia G. Norman
0. Ruth S t a l c u p
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N i c h o l a s J. Rasmussen
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•
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
13-Dec-1993 22:01 EDT
•COMFIDEMTIAL
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
Susan E. Rice
(RICE)
SUBJECT:
Upcoming Issues i n UNSC
OMNIBUS PEACEKEEPING E-Mail
INFORMATION:
The S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l i s expected w i t h i n the next week t o
renew r o u t i n e l y a number o f peacekeeping mandates:
Cyprus
The UNSC w i l l v o t e t h i s week another 6 month renewal o f
UNFICYP. The l a s t renewal came i n the summer as the
Canadians were l e a v i n g and a f t e r the Russians i n i t i a l l y
vetoed t h e r e s o l u t i o n f o r p r o c e d u r a l reasons.
Today, t h e
A r g e n t i n e s have r e p l a c e d the Canadians, and the Russians seem
s a t i s f i e d on t h e i s s u e . The U.S. and a l l i e s have a l s o
succeeded i n g e t t i n g Greece and Cyprus t o p i c k up over 50% o f
the c o s t o f the o p e r a t i o n , thus r e d u c i n g t h e U.S. share t o
r o u g h l y $7 m i l l i o n / p a .
This week's v o t e should be an easy, pro forma e x t e n s i o n . The
d r a f t r e s o l u t i o n i s a good one, s t a t i n g t h a t the s t a t u s quo
i s unacceptable and c a l l s f o r a thorough review o f the f u t u r e
r o l e o f the UN i n Cyprus i n February.
Angola
The UNSC w i l l v o t e by the 15th t o extend UNAVEM's mandate a t
c u r r e n t s t r e n g t h f o r 3 months. As J e n n i f e r has informed you,
the U.S t a b l e d a d r a f t r e s o l u t i o n t h a t has been considered by
the P-5. USUN i s t r y i n g t o ensure t h a t i t remains balanced
t o put a p p r o p r i a t e p o l i t i c a l pressure on b o t h s i d e s .
Liberia
We are a t the 3 month stage when the UNSC must decide t o
c o n t i n u e the m i s s i o n i n L i b e r i a f o r t h e d u r a t i o n o f i t s seven
month mandate. This i s v e r y s i m i l a r t o t h e p r o c e d u r a l issue
we f a c e d l a s t week on H a i t i .
Again, t h i s c o n t i n u a t i o n can be
achieved w i t h o u t any f o r m a l r e s o l u t i o n , o n l y a l e t t e r from
UNSC Pres. t o SYG o r a statement. Not expected t o be a b i g
deal.
Rwanda
. •
.
There are 2 Rwanda m i s s i o n s - - 80 border m o n i t o r s l o o k i n g f o r
arms t r a f f i c on the Rwanda/Uganda border a n d - a ^ l a r g e r
LINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY ;
�F:\Email\Data Source\Al\Record\CD001\dec93\023167.html
peacekeeping f o r c e i n K i g a l i . The upcoming renewal { r e q u i r e d
by t h e 22nd) w i l l g i v e the Ugandan b o r d e r m i s s i o n i t s second
6-month mandate. H a p p i l y , t h e two m i s s i o n s , w h i l e f o r m a l l y
s e p a r a t e f o r p o l i t i c a l reasons, are w e l l - i n t e g r a t e d i n terms
of command. B e t t e r y e t , a f t e r Dec. 22 t h e y w i l l have a
s i n g l e budget, a l l o w i n g us t o c a p t u r e a l l p o s s i b l e economies
of s c a l e .
* *+*
ACTION:
South A f r i c a : How t o a u t h o r i z e and fund t h e a n t i c i p a t e d UN
e l e c t i o n monitoring mission.
Normally, s t r a i g h t e l e c t i o n m o n i t o r i n g (w/o peacekeepers) i s
a UNGA a c t i v i t y p a i d f o r on t h e r e g u l a r budget, f o r which US
pays 25%. But a c c o r d i n g t o USUN, the South A f r i c a n p a r t i e s ,
the F r o n t l i n e S t a t e s and many o t h e r s want t h e UNSC t o mandate
the South A f r i c a m i s s i o n , because t h e UNGA can't move q u i c k l y
and doesn't c a r r y t h e same p o l i t i c a l w e i g h t .
The problem i s t h a t i f the UNSC mandates i t , the UNGA (which
c o n t r o l s t h e UN purse s t r i n g s ) i s l i k e l y t o i n s i s t t h a t i t be
p a i d f o r on t h e peacekeeping budget (we pay 3 1 . 7 % ) . Funding
non-peacekeeping on t h e Peacekeeping budget would set a
t e r r i b l e precedent.
ISSUE: I f you agree, J e n n i f e r and I w i l l ask S t a t e t o d r a f t
a c a b l e t o USUN, i n s t r u c t i n g them t o submit q u i c k l y a
s t r a t e g y f o r speedy UN a c t i o n on South A f r i c a p a i d f o r on t h e
r e g u l a r budget. We propose t o g i v e them a r e l a t i v e l y s h o r t
time frame i n which t o implement t h a t s t r a t e g y .
I f USUN f a i l s , I t h i n k we w i l l need a DC i n e a r l y Jan. t o
decide whether the U.S. wants t o work t h r o u g h t h e UNGA, which
may be opposed by the p a r t i e s and slow down deployment, o r ;
whether we want t o pay f o r t h i s on t h e peacekeeping budget,
which c o u l d r a i s e s e r i o u s q u e s t i o n s on t h e H i l l and would set
a dangerous precedent.
Distribution:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
CC:
CC:
CC:
W Anthony K. Lake
.
Samuel R. Berger
Nancy Soderberg
Mary C. Emery
Wilma G. H a l l
K r i s t e n K. C i c i o
K a t h e r i n e M. V e i t
James W Reed
.
W i l l i a m H. I t o h
K r i s t i e A. Kenney
M. Brooke Darby
Cathy M i l l i s o n
Records
Records
R i c h a r d A. C l a r k e
( LAKE )
( BERGER )
( SODERBERG )
( EMERY )
( HALL )
( CICIO )
( VEIT )
( REED )
( ITOH )
( KENNEY )
( DARBY )
( MILLISON )
( RECORDS )
( RECORDS )
( CLARKER )
^SLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
Page 2 of 3
�F:\Email\Data Source\Al\Record\CD001\dec93\023167.html
cc
cc
cc
cc
Randy R. Beers
J e n n i f e r C. Ward
Jane E. H o l l
Ernest J. W i l s o n
(
(
(
(
III
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
16-Dec-1993 17:22 EDT
eONTIDCNTIAL
MEMORANDUM FOR:
Randy R. Beers
FROM :
Susan E. Rice
(RICE)
SUBJECT:
You need t h i s .
( BEERS )
1
( RECORDS )
CC: Records
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Message P r i o r i t y : FIRST_CLASS
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
13-Dec-1993 22:01 EDT
COMfIDDNTIALMEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
Susan E. Rice
(RICE)
SUBJECT:
Upcoming Issues i n UNSC
OMNIBUS PEACEKEEPING E-Mail
INFORMATION:
The S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l i s expected w i t h i n t h e next week t o
renew r o u t i n e l y a number o f peacekeeping mandates:
Cyprus
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
DECLASSIFIED
PER E.0.13526
�F:\Email\Data Source\Al\Record\CD001\dec93\023581 .html
The UNSC w i l l vote t h i s week another 6 month renewal o f
UNFICYP. The l a s t renewal came i n t h e summer as t h e
Canadians were l e a v i n g and a f t e r t h e Russians i n i t i a l l y
vetoed t h e r e s o l u t i o n f o r p r o c e d u r a l reasons.
Today, t h e
A r g e n t i n e s have r e p l a c e d t h e Canadians, and t h e Russians seem
s a t i s f i e d on the i s s u e . The U.S. and a l l i e s have a l s o
succeeded i n g e t t i n g Greece and Cyprus t o p i c k up over 50% o f
the cost o f t h e o p e r a t i o n , thus r e d u c i n g t h e U.S. share t o
r o u g h l y $7 m i l l i o n / p a .
This week's vote should be an easy, p r o forma e x t e n s i o n . The
d r a f t r e s o l u t i o n i s a good one, s t a t i n g t h a t t h e s t a t u s quo
i s unacceptable and c a l l s f o r a thorough review o f t h e f u t u r e
r o l e o f t h e UN i n Cyprus i n February.
Angola
The UNSC w i l l v o t e by t h e 15th t o extend UNAVEM's mandate a t
c u r r e n t s t r e n g t h f o r 3 months. As J e n n i f e r has informed you,
the U.S t a b l e d a d r a f t r e s o l u t i o n t h a t has been c o n s i d e r e d by
the P-5. USUN i s t r y i n g t o ensure t h a t i t remains balanced
to p u t a p p r o p r i a t e p o l i t i c a l pressure on both s i d e s .
Liberia
We are a t t h e 3 month stage when t h e UNSC must decide t o
c o n t i n u e t h e m i s s i o n i n L i b e r i a f o r t h e d u r a t i o n o f i t s seven
month mandate. This i s v e r y s i m i l a r t o t h e p r o c e d u r a l issue
we faced l a s t week on H a i t i .
Again, t h i s c o n t i n u a t i o n can be
achieved w i t h o u t any f o r m a l r e s o l u t i o n , o n l y a l e t t e r from
UNSC Pres. t o SYG o r a statement.
Not expected t o be a b i g
deal.
Rwanda
There are 2 Rwanda m i s s i o n s - 80 border m o n i t o r s l o o k i n g f o r
arms t r a f f i c on t h e Rwanda/Uganda border and a l a r g e r
peacekeeping f o r c e i n K i g a l i . The upcoming renewal ( r e q u i r e d
by t h e 22nd) w i l l g i v e t h e Ugandan border m i s s i o n i t s second
6-month mandate. H a p p i l y , t h e two m i s s i o n s , w h i l e f o r m a l l y
separate f o r p o l i t i c a l reasons, are w e l 1 - i n t e g r a t e d i n terms
of command. B e t t e r y e t , a f t e r Dec. 22 they w i l l have a
s i n g l e budget, a l l o w i n g us t o c a p t u r e a l l p o s s i b l e economies
of s c a l e .
ACTION:
South A f r i c a : How t o a u t h o r i z e and fund t h e a n t i c i p a t e d UN
e l e c t i o n monitoring mission.
Normally, s t r a i g h t e l e c t i o n m o n i t o r i n g (w/o peacekeepers) i s
a UNGA a c t i v i t y p a i d f o r on t h e r e g u l a r budget, f o r which US
pays 25%. But a c c o r d i n g t o USUN, t h e South A f r i c a n p a r t i e s ,
the F r o n t l i n e States and many o t h e r s want t h e UNSC t o mandate
the South A f r i c a m i s s i o n , because t h e UNGA can't move q u i c k l y
and doesn't c a r r y t h e same p o l i t i c a l weight.
The
problem i s t h a t i f the UNSC mandates i t , t h e UNGA (which
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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c o n t r o l s t h e UN purse s t r i n g s ) i s l i k e l y t o i n s i s t t h a t i t be
p a i d f o r on the peacekeeping budget (we pay 31.7%). Funding
non-peacekeeping on t h e Peacekeeping budget would set a
t e r r i b l e precedent.
ISSUE: I f you agree, J e n n i f e r and I w i l l ask S t a t e t o d r a f t
a c a b l e t o USUN, i n s t r u c t i n g them t o submit q u i c k l y a
s t r a t e g y f o r speedy UN a c t i o n on South A f r i c a p a i d f o r on t h e
r e g u l a r budget. We propose t o g i v e them a r e l a t i v e l y s h o r t
time frame i n which t o implement t h a t s t r a t e g y .
I f USUN f a i l s , I t h i n k we w i l l need a DC i n e a r l y Jan. t o
decide whether t h e U.S. wants t o work t h r o u g h t h e UNGA, which
may be opposed by the p a r t i e s and slow down deployment, o r ;
whether we want t o pay f o r t h i s on the peacekeeping budget,
which c o u l d r a i s e s e r i o u s q u e s t i o n s on the H i l l and would s e t
a dangerous precedent.
Distribution:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
CC:
CC:
CC:
CC:
CC:
CC:
CC:
W Anthony K. Lake
.
Samuel R. Berger
Nancy Soderberg
Mary C. Emery
Wilma G. H a l l
K r i s t e n K. C i c i o
K a t h e r i n e M. V e i t
James W Reed
.
W i l l i a m H. I t o h
K r i s t i e A. Kenney
M. Brooke Darby
Cathy M i l l i s o n
.Records
Records
R i c h a r d A. C l a r k e
Randy R. Beers
J e n n i f e r C. Ward
Jane E. H o l l
Ernest J. Wilson I I I
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LAKE )
BERGER )
SODERBERG )
EMERY )
HALL )
CICIO )
VEIT )
REED )
ITOH )
KENNEY )
DARBY )
MILLISON )
RECORDS )
RECORDS )
CLARKER )
BEERS )
WARD )
HOLL )
WILSON )
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
08-Apr-1994 10:24 EDT
••OOHriDDHTIJ'iL
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
E r i c P. Schwartz
(SCHWARTZ)
SUBJECT:
MONIQUE MUJAWAMARIYA OF RWANDA
THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION IS NOT TO BE RELEASED TO THE PRESS OR
DISCUSSED PUBLICLY AT THIS POINT.
I r e p o r t e d t o you y e s t e r d a y t h a t Monique Mujawamariya, t h e
Rwandan human r i g h t s a c t i v i s t who met the P r e s i d e n t , appeared t o
have been k i l l e d .
I c h a r a c t e r i z e d t h e r e p o r t as unconfirmed.
(The r e p o r t was based on t h e f a c t t h a t Monique had been t a l k i n g
by phone w i t h a f r i e n d i n t h e U.S. when s o l d i e r s who were k i l l i n g
her neighbors approached her home. The phone went dead and
f u r t h e r attempts t o reach Monique were u n s u c c e s s f u l , w i t h men
answering the phone and hanging up. [There i s a Washington Post
account o f these events on today's Op Ed page.])
T h a n k f u l l y , Monique appears not t o have been k i l l e d . She
a p p a r e n t l y f l e d her home and h i d i n the bush. She i s now back a t
her home and our Embassy i f t r y i n g t o f i g u r e out how we might
h e l p i n g e t t i n g her t o a safe p l a c e .
THIS NEW INFORMATION IS NOT TO BE RELEASED TO THE PRESS OR
DISCUSSED PUBLICLY AT THIS POINT.
Our Embassy's Task Force i n K i g a l i b e l i e v e s s t r o n g l y t h a t
Monique's chances o f s u r v i v a l w i l l be i n c r e a s e d i f she i s
b e l i e v e d t o be dead, as Rwandan s o l d i e r s c o n t i n u e t o l o o k f o r
her.
Distribution:
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FOR:
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W Anthony K. Lake
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( VEIT )
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PER E.0,13526
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cc
CC
CC
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cc
cc
cc
cc
cc
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Cathy M i l l i s o n
James W Reed
.
Neal S. W o l i n
Richard A. C l a r k e
Richard L. Canas
Wanda D. Lindsey
Rand R. Beers
E r i c P. Schwartz
E-rnest J. W i l s o n I I I
Susan E. Rice
Marcia G. Norman
0. Ruth S t a l c u p
Sean J. Darragh
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
08-Apr-1994 15:29 EDT
CECRET
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
Richard A. Clarke
(CLARKER)
SUBJECT:
*** FOR 4:00 MEETING IN PENTAGON
DQD i s l o o k i n g at three options:
1. Permissive evacuation: The ambassador t h i n k s he can get a
safe conduct/laissez passe t o d r i v e the Amcits out of the
country. (This s t r i k e s DOD as the easy way out but f r a n k l y
scares me.)
2. Belgian Forced Entry: The Belgians would be flown i n by
the US t o a s t a g i n g area (Bujumbura) and would then be
choppered i n t o K i g a l i . DOD opposes the use of US helos.
3. US NEO: George Joulwan has begun planning. The Marine
c a r r i e r has been moved from Somalia t o Mombasa (a long way
from Rwanda). The US Special Forces Group i n Germany has an
A f r i c a n s p e c i a l i s t u n i t t h a t could be flown i n q u i c k l y (8
hour f l i g h t ) .
JCS t h i n k s t h a t t h i s force i s "too small" and
i s w o r r i e d about doing an operation at the end of such a long
tether.
E O 13526, 1.4(d)
..
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
08-Apr-1994
17:23 EDT
CON F-I DDNTIAL
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
Neal S. Wolin
(WOLIN)
SUBJECT:
thanks
Spence,
Just wanted t o thank you and your team f o r a g r e a t j o b i n p u t t i n g
t o g e t h e r t h e m a t e r i a l f o r Messrs. Lake and Berger f o r t h e i r 4pm
meeting on Rwanda i n t h e tank. An e x c e l l e n t example, I t h i n k
the S i t Rm g i v i n g those guys f i r s t r a t e s u p p o r t .
Neal
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
l l - A p r - 1 9 9 4 12:45 EDT
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
R i c h a r d A. Clarice
(CLARKER)
SUBJECT:
RWANDA: DECISION MAY BE REQUIRED
T . TL/SRB
O:
FM: RAC
RE: RWANDA
The UN i s p l a n n i n g t o p u l l o u t t h e UN peacekeeping f o r c e ,
a c c o r d i n g t o USUN.
The UN may r p t may ask f o r US a i r l i f t
fast.
t o get the force out
Meanwhile, t h e French are b e g i n n i n g t o p u l l t h e i r f o r c e o u t
and t h e Belgians a r e c o n t i n u i n g t o i n s e r t t r o o p s .
I f t h e UN asks f o r h e l p g e t t i n g o u t , USAF t r a n s p o r t s s t a n d i n g
by i n Kenya c o u l d be a v a i l a b l e .
ACTION REQUESTED:
Do you have any guidance f o r us on how we s h o u l d respond t o a
UN request?
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(
(
(
(
(
(
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DESHAZER )
EMERY )
HALL )
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VEIT )
ITOH )
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REED )
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Ernest J . Wilson I I I
Susan E. Rice
Marcia G. Norman
0. Ruth S t a l c u p
Sean J . Darragh
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
28-Apr-1994 09:25 EDT
MEMORANDUM FOR:
Samuel R. Berger
K r i s t e n K. C i c i o
( BERGER
( CICIO )
FROM:
Richard A. C l a r k e
(CLARKER)
SUBJECT:
THURSDAY MORNING NOTES FOR SANDY BERGER FROM GLOBAL
Sandy,
Good Morning
from your f r i e n d s i n Global
Issues>
Could you g e t back t o us today on the f o l l o w i n g :
1. RWANDA: Can we add a s h o r t d i s c u s s i o n on t h e agenda f o r
F r i d a y ' s DC on Somalia?
2. HAITI: Can I c i r c u l a t e a t t h e 3:00 meeting Watson i s
h o l d i o n g something l i k e the paper on peacekeeping we sent you
yesterday afternoon?
3. CUBA: Please r e a c t t o the d r a f t p o l i c y cover paper f o r t h e
Cuba c o n t i n g e n c y p l a n n i n g DC.
4. COUNTER-TERRORISM: Please t r y t o r e s o l v e t h e PDD w i t h
T a l b o t t today i n view o f t h e Congressional r e p o r t r e q u i r e d t o
be sent up next Monday.
5. EXCESS F-16s: Could you ask Deutch and T a l b o t t about
at t h e l u n c h today. We have s u p l p i e d you w i t h paper.
this
Thanx.
( RECORDS )
CC: Records
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
28-Apr-1994 12:48 EDT
-SECRBT
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
A l l i s o n M. Wright
(WRIGHT)
SUBJECT:
SOMALIA DC
I understand t h a t Mr. Berger's o f f i c e has approved Rwanda as an
a d d i t i o n a l s u b j e c t a t tomorrows DC on Somalia. Please l e t me
know i f t h e p a r t i c i p a t i n g agencies should be t o l d i n advance o f
r e c e i v i n g t h e paper or i f u p d a t i n g t h e paper w i l l be s u f f i c i e n t .
Thanks very much!
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White Hose Guidelines, September 11,2006
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�SECRET
Deputies
Committee D i s c u s s i o n
Paper
RWANDA
Background
The UN r e p o r t s t h a t i n excess o f 100,000 Rwandans have been
killed.
F i g h t i n g between t h e government and r e b e l f o r c e s
c o n t i n u e s . M i l i t i a l e d massacres a r e a l s o c o n t i n u i n g , urged
on by r a d i o s t a t i o n s c a l l i n g f o r more k i l l i n g .
UNAMIR has drawndown t o 270 t r o o p s and i s a t t e m p t i n g t o arrange
f o r t h e s a f e t y o f Rwandans under i t s p r o t e c t i o n a t t h e K i g a l i
Amahoro stadium.
About 500,000 i n - c o u n t r y refugees have f l e d t o t h e b o r d e r areas
w i t h Tanzania, Uganda, and Z a i r e . They a r e b e i n g p r e v e n t e d from
c r o s s i n g t h e borders and are i n need o f h u m a n i t a r i a n a s s i s t a n c e .
The White House i s s u e d a statement l a s t F r i d a y , m e n t i o n i n g
s p e c i f i c m i l i t a r y l e a d e r s who human r i g h t s groups b e l i e v e have
been i m p l i c a t e d i n t h e s l a u g h t e r s ( t a b 1 ) .
Objectives
The
IWG has i d e n t i f i e d s i x s h o r t - t e r m p o l i c y o b j e c t i v e s :
1. t o s t o p t h e on-going massacres as q u i c k l y as p o s s i b l e
t h r o u g h c o n t a c t s w i t h GOR and RPF l e a d e r s and demarches f o r
s i m i l a r r e p r e s e n t a t i o n s w i t h n e i g h b o r i n g s t a t e s , France, Belgium,
and o t h e r s .
2. t o support t h e UN and o t h e r s i n a t t e m p t s t o achieve a
cease f i r e .
3.
t o encourage Tanzanian and o t h e r a t t e m p t s t o resume
n e g o t i a t i o n s under t h e Arusha Framework.
4.
t o seek t o p r e v e n t t h e v i o l e n c e from s p r e a d i n g
Rwanda t h r o u g h c o n t a c t s w i t h n e i g h b o r i n g s t a t e s .
outside
5.
t o push i n t h e UN t o l a u n c h an immediate expanded
humanitarian assistance e f f o r t .
6. t o p r e v e n t a s i m i l a r round o f s l a u g h t e r and d i s o r d e r i n
B u r u n d i by c l o s e l y m o n i t o r i n g t h e s i t u a t i o n t h e r e and s t a y i n g i n
t o u c h w i t h the v a r i o u s elements i n t h e c o u n t r y t o dissuade.
DECLASSIFIED
PER E.a 13526
D e c l a s s i f y on^LQADP
T N Jcffi^^fefHOTOCOPY
O
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•CECRET
Issues f o r D i s c u s s i o n
The Deputies s h o u l d p r o v i d e d i r e c t i o n t o t h e IWG on t h e degree
o f a c t i v i s m t h a t they w i s h t o encourage on f u r t h e r i n t e r n a t i o n a l
steps aimed a t a d d r e s s i n g t h e s l a u g h t e r and a s s i s t i n g r e f u g e e s .
A new UNSC r e s o l u t i o n i s being c o - d r a f t e d by t h e Czechs and
Argentines.
Among t h e p o s s i b l e elements i n t h e r e s o l u t i o n
c o u l d be a genocide i n v e s t i g a t i o n , a c a l l f o r UNHCR and border
c o u n t r i e s t o engage i n cross border a s s i s t a n c e t o t h e t r a p p e d i n
c o u n t r y r e f u g e e s , l i m i t e d p r o t e c t i o n f o r t h e r e f u g e e s , and an
arms embargo. I n t h e new UNSCR debate, s h o u l d t h e US s u p p o r t :
1. Genocide i n v e s t i g a t i o n :
language t h a t c a l l s f o r an
i n t e r n a t i o n a l i n v e s t i g a t i o n o f human r i g h t s abuses and p o s s i b l e
v i o l a t i o n s o f t h e genocide convention?
2. I n Country P r o t e c t i o n o f Refugees: language t h a t
a u t h o r i z e s t h e use o f UNAMIR m i l i t a r y o r c i v i l i a n p o l i c e t o
p r o t e c t i n - c o u n t r y r e f u g e e camps r e c e i v i n g UNHCR o r ICRC r e l i e f ?
3. Arms embargo: language banning arms e x p o r t s t o Rwanda
and would, i n t e r a l i a , s a n c t i o n t h e on going Ugandan a i d t o t h e
rebels?
I n a d d i t i o n t o t h e UNSCR, a r e t h e r e a d d i t i o n a l a c t i o n s t h a t s h o u l d be e x p l o r e d aimed a t s t o p p i n g t h e k i l l i n g , o r p u n i s h i n g
those who may have planned i t , o r a t l e a s t be seen t o be
p r e s s u r i n g t h e Rwandan government t o have i t p u n i s h them.
4. Counter-propaganda: s h o u l d t h e US engage i n a d d i t i o n a l
propaganda a c t i v i t i e s t o g e t a message i n t o Rwanda t o c o u n t e r t h e
radio s t a t i o n s t h a t are urging k i l l i n g ?
5. Pressure t o Punish Organizers o f K i l l i n g :
should the
US work w i t h o t h e r n a t i o n s t o e x p l o r e d i r e c t e d s a n c t i o n s (no
admission on t r a v e l s t a t u s , assets s e i z u r e s , e t c . ) aimed a t
those who may have engineered t h e s l a u g h t e r ? and/or d i p l o m a t i c
s a n c t i o n s (down g r a d i n g r e l a t i o n s , t e r m i n a t i o n o f non-emergency
a s s i s t a n c e ) a g a i n s t Rwanda u n t i l those r e s p o n s i b l e a r e t r i e d ?
CLIN
PHOTOCOPY
�GECRET
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
20546
WASHINGTON. D.C. 20506 ,
Summary o f Conclusions o f
DATE:
LOCATION:
TIME :
SUBJECT:
A p r i l 29, 1994
S i t u a t i o n Room
10:30 am - 12:00 pm
Summary o f Conclusions o f Deputies Committee Meeting on
Somalia and Rwanda ( S )
--
PARTICIPANTS:
The- Vice P r e s i d e n t ' s O f f i c e
Leon Fuerth
James Carman
USUN
Rick I n d e r f u r t h
Michael Sheehan
STATE
Peter T a r n o f f
James Dobbins
Richard Bogosian
JCS
W i l l i a m Owens
Frank Bowman
DOD
Frank Wisner
Thomas L o n g s t r e t h
CIA
Douglas MaEachin
M3}
AID
Richard McCall
Gary Bombardier
The White House
Sandy Berger
NSC
Richard Clarke
Don Steinberg
Sean Darragh
Summary o f Conclusions
The Deputies Committee decided t h a t :
SOMALIA:
1. C o n s i d e r a t i o n o f Terminating UNOSOM: The US should n o t take
the lead i n t h r e a t e n i n g t e r m i n a t i o n o f UNOSOM, b u t should make
c l e a r t o t h e Somalis t h a t donor and t r o o p c o n t r i b u t o r s may w e l l
decide t o t e r m i n a t e operations soon because o f the continued
v i o l e n c e and f a i l u r e t o achieve a p o l i t i c a l s o l u t i o n . ^5-)
Donors/Troop C o n t r i b u t o r s : S t a t e , AID, and DOD should
c o n s u l t w i t h t h e donors and major t r o o p c o n t r i b u t o r s about t h e i r
views on c o n t i n u i n g t h e o p e r a t i o n . We should urge them t o make
the r i s k o f t e r m i n a t i o n c l e a r t o t h e Somalis. ( S )
-SECRET
D e c l a s s i f y on:
PERE.0.13526
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2
S p e c i a l Envoy: State should c o n s u l t w i t h the UN
( s p e c i f i c a l l y the a c t i n g SRSG) and r e g i o n a l s t a t e s ( E t h i o p i a ,
E r i t r e a , Uganda) t o determine whether and when a t r i p t o the
r e g i o n by s p e c i a l US Envoy Bob Oakley would be h e l p f u l i n
reducing f a c t i o n a l f i g h t i n g and promoting a p o l i t i c a l s e t t l e m e n t .
I f t h e r e i s a consensus t h a t such a t r i p should occur, then Amb.
Oakley should be asked t o head a team t o the r e g i o n . ( S )
-Mandate Review Guidance: When the UNSC considers the
UNOSOM mandate e x t e n s i o n , USUN w i l l support a 30 o r 45 day
extension o n l y . I t w i l l support Council a c t i o n t o i n s u r e t h a t
t h e r e i s a review toward the end o f t h a t p e r i o d o f the
p o s s i b i l i t y o f t e r m i n a t i n g o r s i g n i f i c a n t l y reducing the mandate
and UN presence, unless f a c t i o n a l f i g h t i n g has been reduced and
t h e r e has been s i g n i f i c a n t progress toward a p o l i t i c a l
s e t t l e m e n t . (S)
-2. P r o t e c t i o n o f USLO: The c u r r e n t US Marine F l e e t Area
S e c u r i t y Team (FAST) i s scheduled t o depart Mogadishu on June 30.
Senior State and Defense o f f i c i a l s should c o n s u l t immediately
about State's plans f o r s e c u r i t y o f USLO a f t e r t h a t date. I f the
departments have not reached consensus, the issue w i l l be
reviewed by the DC no l a t e r than 15 May. ( S )
-3. Contingency Evacuation of UNOSOM: JCS and CINCENT
should e v a l u a t e the UN plan f o r permissive and emergency
evacuation. They should determine t o what degree t h e UN i s
p l a n n i n g t o r e l y upon the US, what US c a p a b i l i t i e s would be
r e q u i r e d , and what would be necessary t o have those c a p a b i l i t i e s
a v a i l a b l e i n a t i m e l y manner. The Deputies decided t o d e f e r
c o n s i d e r a t i o n o f the proposal t o c o n s u l t w i t h Congress on t h i s
contingency pending review of the JCS e v a l u a t i o n . ( S )
-4. UNOSOM Personnel: Agencies w i l l r e p o r t immediately on
candidates t o f i l l p o s i t i o n s on the UNOSOM s t a f f : Development
O f f i c e (AID), J u d i c i a l s e c t i o n (State/INM and J u s t i c e ) , p o l i t i c a l
o f f i c e ( S t a t e ) , and Demining/Disarmament/and D e m o b i l i z a t i o n (OSD
and ACDA) . (S)
--RWANDA:
State w i l l prepare a d r a f t a c t i o n p l a n f o r review Monday, 2
May.
I t w i l l be as vigorous a program as i s f e a s i b l e and i n c l u d e
approaches t o the UNSYG, the OAU l e a d e r s h i p , concerned European
s t a t e s , and r e g i o n a l leaders. Among the ideas t h a t we w i l l
s o l i c i t r e a c t i o n t o w i l l be an OAU a u t h o r i z e d peacekeeping f o r c e
f o r Rwanda, a p r e v e n t i v e diplomacy/deterrent f o r c e i n Burundi, an
arms embargo, a human r i g h t s / g e n o c i d e i n v e s t i g a t i o n , and a UN
p r o t e c t i v e o p e r a t i o n f o r Rwandan refugees. ( S )
-The Deputies w i l l review the plan and the s t a t u s o f the
issue a t a t e l c o n f e r e n c e e a r l y i n the week. (U)
USUN w i l l support S e c u r i t y Council a c t i o n t o endorse an arms
embargo, a genocide i n v e s t i g a t i o n , and assistance ( i n c l u d i o g
UNHCR) f o r the refugees.
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
29-Apr-1994 16:36 EDT
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
R i c h a r d A. Clarke
(CLARKER)
SUBJECT:
FOR SANDY'S APPROVAL: DRAFT DC SUMMARY
format:
DC Summary
S u b j e c t : Somalia and Rwanda
The
Deputies Committee decided
that:
1. C o n s i d e r a t i o n o f T e r m i n a t i n g UNOSOM: The US should n o t
be seen as t a k i n g t h e l e a d t o t h r e a t e n t e r m i n a t i o n o f UNOSOM, b u t
should make c l e a r t o the Somalis t h a t donor and t r o o p
c o n t r i b u t o r s may w e l l decide t o t e r m i n a t e o p e r a t i o n s soon because
of t h e c o n t i n u e d v i o l e n c e and f a i l u r e t o achieve a p o l i t i c a l
solution.
Donors/Troop C o n t r i b u t o r s : S t a t e , AID, and DOD should
c o n s u l t w i t h t h e donors and major t r o o p c o n t r i b u t o r s about t h e i r
views on c o n t i n u i n g t h e o p e r a t i o n . We s h o u l d urge them t o make
the r i s k o f t e r m i n a t i o n c l e a r t o the Somalis.
S p e c i a l Envoy: S t a t e should c o n s u l t w i t h t h e UN
( s p e c i f i c a l l y the a c t i n g SRSG) and r e g i o n a l s t a t e s ( E t h i o p i a ,
E r i t r e a , Uganda) t o determine whether and when a t r i p t o t h e
r e g i o n by a s p e c i a l US envoy would be h e l p f u l i n r e d u c i n g
f a c t i o n a l f i g h t i n g and promoting a p o l i t i c a l s e t t l e m e n t . I f
t h e r e i s a consensus t h a t such a t r i p s h o u l d occur, then Amb.
Oakley o r some o t h e r envoy should head a team t o t h e r e g i o n .
Mandate Review Guidance: When t h e UNSC c o n s i d e r s t h e
UNOSOM mandate e x t e n s i o n , USUN w i l l s u p p o r t a 30 o r 45 day
e x t e n s i o n o n l y . I t w i l l support C o u n c i l a c t i o n t o i n s u r e t h a t
t h e r e i s a review toward the end o f t h a t p e r i o d o f t h e
p o s s i b i l i t y o f t e r m i n a t i n g o r s i g n i f i c a n t l y r e d u c i n g the mandate
and UN presence, unless f a c t i o n a l f i g h t i n g has stopped and t h e r e
has been s i g n i f i c a n t progress toward a p o l i t i c a l s e t t l e m e n t .
2. P r o t e c t i o n o f USLO: The c u r r e n t US Marine F l e e t Area
S e c u r i t y Team (FAST) i s scheduled t o d e p a r t Mogadishu on June 30.
Senior S t a t e and Defense o f f i c i a l s should c o n s u l t immediately
about S t a t e ' s plans f o r s e c u r i t y o f USLO a f t e r t h a t date. I f t h e
departments have n o t reached consensus, t h e i s s u e w i l l be decided
at h i g h e r leye-ls- no l ^ t e r ^ t _ h a n _ 15.. May.
. .. V \ - •
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�F:\Email\Data_Source\Al\Record\CD001\apr94\038257.html
3. Contingency Evacuation o f UNOSOM: JCS and CINCENT should
e v a l u a t e the UN p l a n f o r p e r m i s s i v e and emergency e v a c u a t i o n .
They s h o u l d determine t o what degree t h e UN i s p l a n n i n g t o r e l y
upon the US, what US c a p a b i l i t i e s would be r e q u i r e d , and what
would be necessary t o have those c a p a b i l i t i e s a v a i l a b l e i n a
t i m e l y manner. The Deputies decided t o d e f e r c o n s i d e r a t i o n o f
the p r o p o s a l t o c o n s u l t w i t h Congress on t h i s c o n t i n g e n c y pending
review o f the JCS e v a l u a t i o n .
•
4. UNOSOM Personnel:
Agencies w i l l r e p o r t immediately on
c a n d i d a t e s t o f i l l p o s i t i o n s on the UNOSOM s t a f f : Development
O f f i c e (AID), J u d i c i a l s e c t i o n (State/INM and J u s t i c e ) , p o l i t i c a l
o f f i c e ( S t a t e ) , and Demining/Disarmament/and D e m o b i l i z a t i o n (OSD
and ACDA).
RWANDA
S t a t e w i l l prepare a d r a f t a c t i o n p l a n f o r review Monday 3
May. I t w i l l be a v i g o r o u s program and i n c l u d e approaches t o the
UNSYG, the OAU l e a d e r s h i p , concerned European s t a t e s , and
r e g i o n a l l e a d e r s . Among the ideas t h a t we w i l l s o l i c i t r e a c t i o n
t o w i l l be an OAU a u t h o r i z e d peacekeeping f o r c e f o r Rwanda, a
p r e v e n t i v e d i p l o m a c y / d e t e r r e n t f o r c e i n Burundi, an arms embargo,
a human r i g h t s / g e n o c i d e i n v e s t i g a t i o n , and a UN p r o t e c t i v e
o p e r a t i o n f o r Rwandan refugees.
The Deputies w i l l review the p l a n and the s t a t u s o f the
issue a t a t e l c o n f e r e n c e e a r l y i n the week.
USUN w i l l support S e c u r i t y Council a c t i o n t o endorse an arms
embargo, a genocide i n v e s t i g a t i o n , and a s s i s t a n c e ( i n c l u d i n g
UNHCR) f o r t h e refugees.
Distribution:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
Donald K. S t e i n b e r g
Mary C. Emery
Wilma G. H a l l
K r i s t e n K. C i c i o
K a t h e r i n e M. V e i t
W i l l i a m H. I t o h
K r i s t i e A. Kenney
M. Brooke Darby
Cathy M i l l i s o n
James W Reed
.
Neal S. Wolin
Richard A. C l a r k e
Richard L. Canas
Wanda D. Lindsey. , .
"
( STEINBERG )
( EMERY )
( HALL )
( CICIO )
( VEIT )
( ITOH )
( KENNEY )
( DARBY )
( MILLISON )
( REED )
( WOLIN )
( CLARKER )
( CANAS )
-.
( LINDSEY ). T . .
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�F:\Email\Data_Source\Al\Record\CD001\apr94\038257.html
FOR
FOR
FOR
FOR
FOR
FOR
FOR
CC:
Rand R. Beers
E r i c P. Schwartz
Ernest J. Wilson I I I
Susan E. Rice
Marcia G. Norman
0. Ruth S t a l c u p
Sean J. Darragh
Records
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Page 1 of 2
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
30-Apr-1994 10:58 EDT
GDCnE-¥
MEMORANDUM FOR:
Samuel R. Berger
Mary C. Emery
( BERGER )
( EMERY )
FROM:
Richard A. C l a r k e
(CLARKER)
SUBJECT:
SATURDAY NOTES FOR SANDY FROM GLOBAL
1. Somalia/Rwanda: We e-mailed you t h e d r a f t summary and
c o n c l u s i o n s o f t h e DC on F r i d a y . We would l i k e a p p r o v a l t o
send them out Saturday i f p o s s i b l e .
2. H a i t i :
Alec Watson h e l d a LARGE and somewhat wandering
meeting on peacekeeping on Thursday and agreed t o d r a f t a
paper. There was some c o n f u s i o n on t h e fundemental
assumption o p e r a t i n g : was t h i s a f o r c e i n s e r t e d b e f o r e o r
a f t e r a p o l i t i c a l agreement?
We s a i d we assumed i t was p a r t
of such an agreement.
Could you please r e a c t t o our paper t o
you on t h i s s u b j e c t , so t h a t we can have some guidance f o r
these meetings?
3. Cuba: S t a t e promises t h e Contingecy Paper on Monday,
f o l l o w i n g which you promised t h e AG a Deputies Committee.
You have our d r a f t overview paper f o r t h a t DC. I s i t t h e
s o r t o f t h i n g you had i n mind?
4. C o u n t e r - t e r r o r i s m PDD: We have p u t a h o l d on t h e 1 May
r e p o r t t o Congerss, pending r e s o l u t i o n o f t h e PDD. I f t h a t
h o l d l a s t s more than a few days, i t w i l l b e g i n t o a t t r a c t
attention.
5. Peacekeeping: As I know Jeremy has been u r g i n g , we need t o
have t h e P r e s i d e n t i a l meeting/event w i t h t h e Defense
a u t h o r i z e r s and a p p r o p r i a t e r s soon.
6. T e r r o r i s m : On t h e s u b j e c t o f t h e recent P r i n c i p a l s
Committee, we now have, the m a t e r i a l s from CIA t o send t h e
package t o t h e P r e s i d e n t . You w i l l have i t on Monday. I am
informed t h a t S t a t e has j o i n e d t h e consensus, b u t you may
want t o double check t h a t w i t h Strobe.
RECORDS )
CC: Records
PER EoOo 13526
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Date M o d i f i e d : 30-Apr-1994 10:50
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LINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
^M:biBR^R^^H^(^K/-:.^i .
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Page 1 of 2
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
Ol-May-1994 18:31 EDT
OOHriDDimALMEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
Donald K. S t e i n b e r g
(STEINBERG)
SUBJECT:
A d d i t i o n a l A c t i o n s on Rwanda
Tony/Sandy:
I" hope we can meet w i t h Dick e a r l y on Monday t o review where we
are and where we're going w i t h respect t o Rwanda. I n p a r t i c u l a r ,
we need t o review our p o t e n t i a l support f o r OAU and r e g i o n a l
e f f o r t s if/when they act t o p r o t e c t refugees on both s i d e s o f the
border or take more aggressive a c t i o n t o end the massacre. I n
a d d i t i o n t o the new i n s t r u c t i o n s (State 114636) t o t h e USUN on
a c t i o n s t o pursue w i t h respect t o a r e s o l u t i o n on Rwanda (based
on Dick's s u g g e s t i o n s ) , the f o l l o w i n g a c t i o n s are being t a k e n :
The P r e s i d e n t ' s message yesterday i s b e i n g pumped i n t o
Rwanda t h r o u g h VOA, BBC, Radio France and Radio Beige.
We've a l r e a d y r e c e i v e d i n d i c a t i o n s t h a t i t i s being heard,
i f not heeded, by the government and RPF l e a d e r s h i p . I t
a l s o r e c e i v e d very heavy press p l a y i n t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s .
We are c o n t i n u i n g t o work w i t h the r e g i o n a l l e a d e r s ,
e s p e c i a l l y Presidents Mwinyi o f Tanzania and Museveni o f
Uganda, t o shore up t h e i r e f f o r t s a t r e s o l v i n g the c r i s i s .
New t a l k s are scheduled f o r Tuesday i n Arusha, a l t h o u g h i t
i s u n c e r t a i n whether the RPF ( t h i s time) w i l l show up. Our
Ambassador t o Tanzania, Peter De Vos, w i l l a t t e n d and h e l p
f a c i l i t a t e the d i s c u s s i o n s .
AS John Shattuck and Ambassador Rawson w i l l leave tomorrow
(Monday) n i g h t t o t r a v e l t o the r e g i o n , i n c l u d i n g Uganda,
Burundi and Tanzania t o shore up the r e g i o n a l l e a d e r s '
e f f o r t s t o achieve peace and p r o t e c t refugees i n Rwanda.
The UN Commission f o r Human Rights i s sending a team t o the
r e g i o n t o i n v e s t i g a t e the c u r r e n t abuses.
Senior USG o f f i c i a l s have been c o n t a c t i n g Government and RPF
l e a d e r s on a d a i l y basis t o urge a c e a s e f i r e and renewal o f
negotiations.
For example, DAS Bushnell t a l k e d w i t h General
Bizimungo (RGF) and General Kagame (RPF) today t o r e l a t e the
P r e s i d e n t ' s message from yesterday.
She a l s o t o l d the RPF
t h a t t h e r e are r e p o r t s the RPF i s impeding the f l o w o f
refugees t o Tanzania, which he s t r o n g l y denied.
S t a t e i s assembling a r e v i s e d package o f $15 m i l l i o n i n
emergency r e l i e f a s s i s t a n c e f o r the r e g i o n . A team o f
refugee o f f i c i a l s from our Embassy i n Tanzania i s going t o
the border w i t h Rwanda t o assess the c u r r e n t s i t u a t i o n and
make recommendations f o r new a s s i s t a n c e .
�F AEmai l\Data_S ource\A 1 \Record\CD001 \may 94\03 8 3 5 8 .htm 1
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FOR: Wilma G. H a l l
FOR: K r i s t e n K. C i c i o
FOR: K a t h e r i n e M. V e i t
FOR: W i l l i a m H. I t o h
FOR: K r i s t i e A. Kenney
FOR: M. Brooke Darby
FOR: Cathy M i l l i s o n
FOR: James W Reed
.
FOR: Neal S. Wolin
FOR: Ardenia R. Hawkins
FOR: Richard A. C l a r k e
FOR: Richard L. Canas
FOR: Wanda D. Lindsey
FOR: • Rand R. Beers
FOR: E r i c P. Schwartz
FOR: Ernest J. Wilson I I I
FOR: Susan E. Rice
FOR: Marcia G. Norman
FOR: 0. Ruth S t a l c u p
FOR: Sean J. Darragh
FOR: N a t a l i e S. Wozniak
FOR: C a l v i n A. M i t c h e l l
FOR: Tara D. Sonenshine
FOR: Thomas B. Ross
CC
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CC
Records
CC
Pat A. B a t t e n f i e l d
CC
J e n n i f e r C. Ward
CC
MacArthur DeShazer
CC
Dan W Mozena
.
CC
Donald K. S t e i n b e r g
CC
George M. A n d r i c o s
CC
C h r i s t i n a L. Funches
CC
Jeremy D. Rosner
CC
Eric Liu
CC
W i l l i a m C. Danvers
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EMERY )
HALL )
CICIO )
VEIT )
ITOH )
KENNEY )
DARBY )
MILLISON )
REED )
WOLIN )
HAWKINS )
CLARKER )
CANAS )
LINDSEY )
BEERS )
SCHWARTZ )
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
03-May-1994 10:04 EDT
CONFIDENTIAL
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM :
Susan E. Rice
(RICE)
SUBJECT:
K o f i Annan B r i e f i n g Memo
May 3, 1994
INFORMATION
MEMORANDUM FOR SAMUEL R. BERGER
THROUGH:
RICHARD A. CLARKE
FROM:
SUSAN E. RICE
SUBJECT:
Your Meeting w i t h K o f i Annan, Tuesday, May 3,
1994, a t 12:15 pm.
K o f i Annan, UN Undersecretary General f o r Peacekeeping, i s i n
Washington f o r meetings w i t h Members o f Congress, i n c l u d i n g a
hearing yesterday before the Senate A f r i c a Subcommittee on
peacekeeping i n A f r i c a . Annan i s l i k e l y t o wish t o cover a range
of issues w i t h you i n c l u d i n g : Bosnia, Rwanda, and p o s s i b l y
Somalia, the s t a t u s o f our PDD and peacekeeping funding.
Update on Peacekeeping Reform a t the UN
The UN Department o f Peacekeeping Operations (DPKO), which Annan
heads, has made s i g n i f i c a n t progress i n the past year i n
improving i t s c a p a c i t y t o manage peace o p e r a t i o n s . I n a d d i t i o n
t o a s u b s t a n t i a l r e o r g a n i z a t i o n and increase i n i t s s t a f f , DPKO
now has a 24-hour s i t u a t i o n room and a stand-by forces planning
team. The l a t t e r i s a the r e s u l t o f a year-long p r o j e c t t o
s o l i c i t v o l u n t a r y , but non-binding commitments o f troops,
equipment, and s e r v i c e s from member s t a t e s . This e f f o r t has
y i e l d e d pledges o f over 50,000 troops, which should improve the
UN's f o r c e p l a n n i n g and r a p i d deployment c a p a b i l i t i e s measurably.
Consistent w i t h the PDD, the U.S. has not made any such pledges,
but once the PDD i s signed we w i l l o f f e r the UN i n f o r m a t i o n on
p o t e n t i a l l y a v a i l a b l e U.S. forces or c a p a b i l i t i e s . We w i l l , o f
course, make no commitments t o provide such forces when they are
requested.
Suggested T a l k i n g Points
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PERE.O. 13526
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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Bosnia
I appreciate the S e c r e t a r y - G e n e r a l ' s expressed concern about
c r i t i c i s m of U.S. p o l i c y by UNPROFOR o f f i c i a l s . These statements
have not been h e l p f u l t o our shared goal of improved c o o r d i n a t i o n
between the UN and NATO.
•
This p u b l i c s n i p i n g has t o stop. What can we do, i n your
view t o improve UN-NATO r e l a t i o n s both on t h e ground and i n the
press?
We are very concerned t h a t the Serbs continue t o v i o l a t e the
Gorazde and Sarajevo e x c l u s i o n zones.|
EO 13526 1.4d
Rwanda
—
We are very concerned about the grave s i t u a t i o n i n Rwanda.
We are hopeful t h a t A f r i c a n nations w i l l respond f a v o r a b l y t o the
SYG's request f o r t r o o p s . What i s your expectation?
What r o l e
do you t h i n k peacekeepers could u s e f u l l y play? How many do you
expect are needed?
I f adequate troops are a v a i l a b l e , we w i l l do what we can t o
make v o l u n t a r y c o n t r i b u t i o n s t o deploy and s u s t a i n them. We do
not t h i n k i t would be wise, however, t o fund a non-UN mission
through UN assessments. This would set a bad precedent.
We are a l s o planning t o make a v a i l a b l e $15 m i l l i o n t o support
the refugee and emergency r e l i e f e f f o r t and have dispatched
Ambassador Rawson and John Shattuck t o t h e region t o t r y t o
r e i n v i g o r a t e t h e peace process.
Somalia
—
We have threatened t o d i s c o n t i n u e support f o r UNOSOM I I i f
the p a r t i e s f a i l t o make s u b s t a n t i a l p o l i t i c a l progress.
We are
c o n s i d e r i n g how t o respond i f t h i s t h r e a t does not b r i n g r e s u l t s .
Do you t h i n k , i f the UNSC threatens t o withdraw t h e f o r c e and
donors t h r e a t e n t o c u t assistance, t h i s w i l l y i e l d any u s e f u l
r e s u l t ? Do you t h i n k there i s any c o l l e c t i v e w i l l t o c a r r y out
such a t h r e a t ?
—
How c o n f i d e n t are you t h a t the major troops c o n t r i b u t o r s w i l l
stay beyond May/June? I f they are not l i k e l y t o stay, wouldn't
i t be p r e f e r a b l e f o r the UN t o be seen t o withdraw because the
p a r t i e s have f a i l e d t o cooperate r a t h e r than because the UN
mission crumbled?
Haiti
Do you have any sense o f what r o l e a r e c o n f i g u r e d , more
robust UNMIH might play, i n the event t h a t sanctions s o f t e n the
m i l i t a r y regime? Do you t h i n k there would be any a p p e t i t e i n the
UN f o r a peace enforcement mission i n H a i t i ?
Georgia
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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Page 3 of 4
The Russians are pressing f o r the immediate dispatch of a UN
mission t o Georgia. This seems premature given the f a i l u r e of
the p a r t i e s t o reach any form of settlement. Do you see any r o l e
for UN peacekeepers at t h i s stage? What r o l e might the UN play
i f the Russians decide t o go i n u n i l a t e r a l l y w i t h a CIS force?
Peacekeeping
Funding
(FYI:
A NSC/State/OMB team t r a v e l l e d t o the UN l a s t week t o t r y
to obtain a d d i t i o n a l information on the UN's cash flow p i c t u r e
for presentation t o Congress. Yesterday, and OMB-NSC team met
w i t h House and Senate appropriators. While the general mood was
more or less cooperative and understanding of the s e v e r i t y of the
problem, s t a f f expressed serious doubt that Congress w i l l be able
to act before the August recess (when the cash flow c r i s i s i s
l i k e l y t o become severe) and concern that the House Republicans
w i l l t r y t o extract a d d i t i o n a l conditions or hold up the
supplemental over UN reform.
Another t h i n g t h a t was clear from these meetings i s the
importance of scheduling a Presidential meeting with the Defense
authorizers/appropriators immediately. Many are f e e l i n g l e f t out
and i n c r e a s i n g l y angry.)
Thank you f o r your help i n providing f i n a n c i a l information t o
our team that v i s i t e d the UN l a s t week. We are working hard with
Congress t o t r y t o f i n d a s o l u t i o n t o the funding problem. The
President i s personally committed t o t h i s e f f o r t .
We are hoping t o be able t o have some funds t o the UN i n
August, but t h i s w i l l be d i f f i c u l t given the complexity of the
appropriations process t h i s year.
—
One thing i s clear: I t i s absolutely c r u c i a l t h a t we obtain
an e f f e c t i v e inspector general. Otherwise, we w i l l never be able
to pay o f f our debts i n f u l l . What do you t h i n k we can do t o
press our case more e f f e c t i v e l y both with the SYG and the
membership?
Containing UN Peacekeeping Costs
—
the
We appreciate the e f f o r t s the UN has made t o t r y t o reduce
costs of on-going peacekeeping operations.
We would l i k e t o work with your s t a f f i n a low-key and quiet
ways t o t r y t o i d e n t i f y a d d i t i o n a l , r e a d i l y implementable costsavings measures.
We would l i k e t o send a small team t o New York t o work with
DPKO i n the same cooperate s p i r i t that our l o g i s t i c s teams d i d
l a s t F a l l . How do you view t h i s proposal?
Concurrences by:
Jenonne Walker
Distribution:
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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Samuel R. Berger
Mary C. Emery
Wilma G. H a l l
K r i s t e n K. C i c i o
K a t h e r i n e M. V e i t
W i l l i a m H. I t o h
K r i s t i e A. Kenney
M. Brooke Darby
Cathy M i l l i s o n
James W Reed
.
Neal S. W o l i n
Ardenia R. Hawkins
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Page 1 of4
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
03-May-1994 10:04 EDT
CONFIDENTIAL
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
Susan E. Rice
(RICE)
SUBJECT:
Kofi Annan B r i e f i n g Memo
May 3,
1994
INFORMATION
MEMORANDUM FOR SAMUEL R BERGER
.
THROUGH:
RICHARD A. CLARKE
FROM:
SUSAN E. RICE
SUBJECT:
Your Meeting w i t h K o f i Annan, Tuesday, May 3,
1994, a t 12:15 pm.
K o f i Annan, UN Undersecretary General f o r Peacekeeping, i s i n
Washington f o r meetings with Members of Congress, i n c l u d i n g a
hearing yesterday before the Senate A f r i c a Subcommittee on
peacekeeping i n A f r i c a . Annan i s l i k e l y t o wish t o cover a range
of issues w i t h you i n c l u d i n g : Bosnia, Rwanda, and p o s s i b l y
Somalia, the s t a t u s of our PDD and peacekeeping funding.
Update on Peacekeeping Reform at the UN
The UN Department o f Peacekeeping Operations (DPKO), which Annan
heads, has made s i g n i f i c a n t progress i n the past year i n
improving i t s c a p a c i t y t o manage peace operations. I n a d d i t i o n
to a s u b s t a n t i a l r e o r g a n i z a t i o n and increase i n i t s s t a f f , DPKO
now has a 24-hour s i t u a t i o n room and a stand-by forces planning
team. The l a t t e r i s a the r e s u l t of a year-long p r o j e c t t o
s o l i c i t v o l u n t a r y , but non-binding commitments of troops,
equipment, and services from member s t a t e s . This e f f o r t has
y i e l d e d pledges o f over 50,000 troops, which should improve the
UN's force planning and rapid deployment c a p a b i l i t i e s measurably.
Consistent w i t h the PDD, the U.S. has not made any such pledges,
but once the PDD i s signed we w i l l o f f e r the UN i n f o r m a t i o n on
p o t e n t i a l l y a v a i l a b l e U.S. forces or c a p a b i l i t i e s . W w i l l , o f
e
course, make no commitments t o provide such forces when they .are
requested.
Suggested T a l k i n g Points
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E.O. 13526
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Page 2 of 4
Bosnia
I appreciate the Secretary-General's expressed concern about
c r i t i c i s m of U.S. p o l i c y by UNPROFOR o f f i c i a l s .
These statements
have not been h e l p f u l t o our shared goal o f improved c o o r d i n a t i o n
between the U and NATO.
N
This p u b l i c s n i p i n g has t o stop. What can we do, i n your
view t o improve UN-NATO r e l a t i o n s both on the ground and i n the
press ?
Gorazde and Sarajevo exclusion zones.
E O 13526, 1.4(d)
..
E O 13526,1 4(d)
..
Rwanda
W are very concerned about the grave s i t u a t i o n i n Rwanda.
e
W are hopeful t h a t A f r i c a n nations w i l l respond favorably t o the
e
SYG's request f o r troops. What i s your expectation?
What r o l e
do you t h i n k peacekeepers could u s e f u l l y play?
How many do you
expect are needed?
I f adequate troops are a v a i l a b l e , we w i l l do what we can t o
make v o l u n t a r y c o n t r i b u t i o n s t o deploy and s u s t a i n them. W do
e
not t h i n k i t would be wise, however, t o fund a non-UN mission
through UN assessments. This would set a bad precedent.
W are also planning t o make a v a i l a b l e $15 m i l l i o n t o support
e
the refugee and emergency r e l i e f e f f o r t and have dispatched
Ambassador Rawson and John Shattuck t o the region t o t r y t o
r e i n v i g o r a t e the peace process.
Somalia
W have threatened t o d i s c o n t i n u e support f o r UNOSOM I I i f
e
the p a r t i e s f a i l t o make s u b s t a n t i a l p o l i t i c a l progress.
W are
e
considering how t o respond i f t h i s t h r e a t does not b r i n g r e s u l t s .
Do you t h i n k , i f the UNSC threatens t o withdraw the force and
donors threaten t o cut assistance, t h i s w i l l y i e l d any u s e f u l
r e s u l t ? Do you t h i n k there i s any c o l l e c t i v e w i l l t o c a r r y out
such a t h r e a t ?
How confident are you t h a t the major troops c o n t r i b u t o r s w i l l
stay beyond May/June? I f they are not l i k e l y t o stay, wouldn't
i t be p r e f e r a b l e f o r the U t o be seen t o withdraw because the
N
p a r t i e s have f a i l e d t o cooperate r a t h e r than because the UN
mission crumbled?
Haiti
Do you have any sense of what r o l e a r e c o n f i g u r e d , more
robust UNMIH might play, i n the event t h a t sanctions soften the
m i l i t a r y regime? Do you t h i n k there would be any a p p e t i t e i n the
UN f o r a peace enforcement mission i n H a i t i ?
Georgia
mmmmmm
'-• -^>» . ..... •. ....
- v:'
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Page 3 of4
The Russians are pressing f o r the immediate d i s p a t c h of a UN
mission t o Georgia. This seems premature given the f a i l u r e of
the p a r t i e s t o reach any form of settlement. Do you see any r o l e
f o r UN peacekeepers at t h i s stage? What r o l e might the UN play
i f the Russians decide t o go i n u n i l a t e r a l l y w i t h a CIS force?
Peacekeeping
Funding
(FYI:
A NSC/State/OMB team t r a v e l l e d t o the UN l a s t week t o t r y
to o b t a i n a d d i t i o n a l i n f o r m a t i o n on the UN's cash flow p i c t u r e
for p r e s e n t a t i o n t o Congress.
Yesterday, and OMB-NSC team met
w i t h House and Senate a p p r o p r i a t o r s . While the general mood was
more or less cooperative and understanding of the s e v e r i t y of the
problem, s t a f f expressed serious doubt t h a t Congress w i l l be able
to act before the August recess (when the cash flow c r i s i s i s
l i k e l y t o become severe) and concern t h a t the House Republicans
w i l l t r y t o e x t r a c t a d d i t i o n a l c o n d i t i o n s or hold up the
supplemental over UN reform.
Another t h i n g t h a t was c l e a r from these meetings i s the
importance of scheduling a P r e s i d e n t i a l meeting w i t h the Defense
a u t h o r i z e r s / a p p r o p r i a t o r s immediately. Many are f e e l i n g l e f t out
and i n c r e a s i n g l y angry.)
Thank you f o r your help i n p r o v i d i n g f i n a n c i a l i n f o r m a t i o n t o
our team t h a t v i s i t e d the UN l a s t week. We are working hard with
Congress t o t r y t o f i n d a s o l u t i o n t o the funding problem. The
President i s p e r s o n a l l y committed t o t h i s e f f o r t .
We are hoping t o be able t o have some funds t o the UN i n
August, but t h i s w i l l be d i f f i c u l t given the complexity of the
a p p r o p r i a t i o n s process t h i s year.
One t h i n g i s c l e a r : I t i s a b s o l u t e l y c r u c i a l t h a t we obtain
an e f f e c t i v e inspector general. Otherwise, we w i l l never be able
to pay o f f our debts i n f u l l .
What do you t h i n k we can do t o
press our case more e f f e c t i v e l y both w i t h the SYG and the
membership?
Containing UN Peacekeeping
Costs
We appreciate the e f f o r t s the UN has made t o t r y t o reduce
the costs of on-going peacekeeping operations.
We would l i k e t o work w i t h your s t a f f i n a low-key and q u i e t
ways t o t r y t o i d e n t i f y a d d i t i o n a l , r e a d i l y implementable costsavings measures.
We would l i k e t o send a small team t o New York t o work with
DPKO i n the same cooperate s p i r i t t h a t our l o g i s t i c s teams d i d
l a s t F a l l . How do you view t h i s proposal?
Concurrences by:
Dist r i b u t ion:
Jenonne Walker
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FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR :
FOR:
FOR :
FOR:
CC:
Samuel R. Berger
Mary C. Emery
Wilma G. H a l l
K r i s t e n K. C i c i o
Katherine M. Veit
W i l l i a m H. I t o h
K r i s t i e A. Kenney
M. Brooke Darby
Cathy M i l l i s o n
James W Reed
.
Neal S. Wolin
Ardenia R Hawkins
.
Records
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Page I of 3
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
03-May-1994 11:06 EDT
SECRET
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
Wanda D Lindsey
.
(LINDSEY)
SUBJECT:
FYI: FROM DICK CLARKE
SECRET
May 2, 1994
MEMORANDUM FOR PEACEKEEPING CORE GROUP MEMBERS
FROM :
RICHARD A, CLARKE
SUBJECT:
Summary and Conclusions o f 2 May 94
Meeting
GEORGIA
1. State (NIS) w i l l engage i n a v a r i e t y of d i p l o m a t i c
contacts w i t h the Russians and Georgians t h i s week t o probe
f u r t h e r the reasons f o r the May 10th "deadline" f o r a d e c i s i o n on
peacekeeping.
EO 13526 1.4c, EO 13526 1.4d
3. State (10) w i l l prepare an analysis of the v a r y i n g
l e v e l s of UNSC a c t i o n t h a t might be taken w i t h regard t o a CIS
peacekeeping force (e.g. acknowledgement, endorsement) and what
" p r i c e " or c o n d i t i o n s might be sought of the CIS i n r e t u r n (e.g.
r e p o r t i n g , m o n i t o r i n g , mandate). The paper should be a v a i l a b l e
to members o f the Core Group by 6 May.
RWANDA
1. USUN w i l l c i r c u l a t e t o other concerned delegations the
elements o f a new r e s o l u t i o n based on the guidance t h a t was
agreed on by the interagency community on A p r i l 30, w i t h a view
to approval of such a r e s o l u t i o n l a t e r t h i s week.
2. State w i l l examine what funding a u t h o r i t i e s are
a v a i l a b l e f o r US support t o humanitarian and peacekeeping
operations (Voluntary PKO account; FAA sections 506A, 522; ERMA)
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E.O. 13526
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Page 2 of 3
NSC w i l l seek a White House announcement of 515 m i l l i o n i n
emergency refugee assistance.
EO 13526 1.4c, EO 13526 1.4d
4. State !AF) w i l l host a d a i l y (M-F) video conference on
Rwanda a t noon, u n t i l f u r t h e r n o t i c e .
SECRET
D e c l a s s i f y on: OADR
SECRET2
GENERAL
There was agreement that USAID should be r o u t i n e l y
to a l l f u t u r e meetings of the Core Group.
Additional Distribution:
State/NIS - Amb. C o l l i n s
State/AF - Asst Sec Moose
invited
�F:\Email\Data_Source\Al\Record\CD001\may94\038593.html
SECRCT
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FOR: Samuel R. B e r g e r
FOR: K r i s t e n K. C i c i o
FOR: Mary C. Emery
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
CC:
CC:
CC:
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Wilma G. H a l l
Donald K. Steinberg
Pat A. B a t t e n f i e l d
Records
Wanda D. Lindsey
Richard A. Clarke
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
04-May-1994 08:48 EDT
eonriaanTiMr
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
Donald K. S t e i n b e r g
(STEINBERG)
SUBJECT:
P o i n t s on Rwanda f o r Luncheon
Rwanda
Background
The s i t u a t i o n i n Rwanda c o n t i n u e s t o d e t e r i o r a t e , w i t h r e l i a b l e
r e p o r t s o f a t l e a s t 200,000 deaths and displacement o f a t l e a s t
h a l f a m i l l i o n people i n l a r g e l y communal v i o l e n c e . The
s i t u a t i o n combines e t h n i c c i v i l war and h a r d l i n e Hutus k i l l i n g
T u t s i s and " s y m p a t h e t i c " Hutus behind Government l i n e s .
F i g h t i n g has reached a t e n t a t i v e s t a l e m a t e , a l t h o u g h i t c o n t i n u e s
t o rage. The Government (RGF) i s c a l l i n g f o r UN or OAU
i n t e r v e n t i o n , w h i l e t h e RPF d i s t r u s t s t h e UN (and e s p e c i a l l y i t s
r e p r e s e n t a t i v e Booh-Booh) and b e l i e v e s a c e a s e f i r e would o n l y
a l l o w t h e RGF t o c o n t i n u e massacres i n t e r r i t o r y i t c o n t r o l s .
The mass f l o w s o f refugees towards Tanzania and o t h e r border
areas c o n t i n u e : t h e r e are a t l e a s t 250,000 i n empty f i e l d s on t h e
Tanzanian b o r d e r . Humanitarian r e l i e f i s moving i n t o t h e r e g i o n
s l o w l y , and t h e r e i s r e a l f e a r o f famine and disease.
Peace t a l k s i n Arusha and elsewhere, which we asked P r e s i d e n t
Mwinyi t o host, have n o t g o t t e n o f f t h e ground as RPF and
Government f o r c e s r e f u s e t o meet. Our ambassadors i n Tanzania
and Uganda are deeply i n v o l v e d i n these e f f o r t s .
Meanwhile, t h e s i t u a t i o n i n Burundi remains s t r a n g e l y calm b u t
tense. A coup attempt was nipped i n t h e bud l a s t week, b u t t h e
l a r g e l y T u t s i government i s having problems i n d i s a r m i n g Hutu
m i l i t i a , who f e a r a p o t e n t i a l massacre i f they are l e f t unarmed.
Renewed widespread communal v i o l e n c e i s c l e a r l y a s t r o n g
possibility.
Our
Response
We have i d e n t i f i e d f i v e key goals f o r t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l e f f o r t i n
Rwanda: s t o p t h e on-going massacres, achieve an RPF/RGF
c e a s e f i r e , resume n e g o t i a t i o n s under the Arusha Framework,
p r e v e n t t h e v i o l e n c e from spreading t o n e i g h b o r i n g s t a t e s
( e s p e c i a l l y Burundi) and ensure h u m a n i t a r i a n a s s i s t a n c e .
Among t h e steps we've taken are P r e s i d e n t i a l statements r a d i o e d
i n t o Rwanda, $15 m i l l i o n i n emergency h u m a n i t a r i a n r e l i e f ,
sending A/S Shattuck and Ambassador Rawson t o t h e r e g i o n , u r g i n g
P r e s i d e n t s Mwinyi and Museveni t o c o n t i n u e t o b r o k e r peace and
d i r e c t c o n v e r s a t i o n s w i t h t h e RPF and Rwandan Government f o r c e s .
At t h e UN, we are pushing f o r an arms embargo; a s k i n g t h e UN t o
LINTON LIBRARY P
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PER E.O. 13526
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work w i t h t h e OAU t o p r o t e c t refugees on b o t h s i d e s o f t h e
b o r d e r s , backed by e x t e r n a l s u p p o r t ; and u r g i n g t h e Human Rights
Commissioner t o go t o t h e r e g i o n ( i n c l u d i n g Rwanda) t o
i n v e s t i g a t e the massacres.
USUN i s p u r s u i n g t h i s i n i t i a t i v e , b u t r a i s e s t h e key q u e s t i o n :
what degree o f f i n a n c i a l , l o g i s t i c a l and/or m a t e r i a l support a r e
we prepared t o p r o v i d e f o r UN o r OAU a c t i o n s . This q u e s t i o n s
hinges, o f course, on what k i n d o f m i s s i o n we are t a l k i n g about.
Boutros G h a l i has c a l l e d on the i n t e r n a t i o n a l community t o
assemble a f o r c e t o act i n t h e r e g i o n , a l t h o u g h i t i s u n c l e a r
what he i s p r o p o s i n g .
I n h i s meeting w i t h Sandy yesterday, K o f i
Annan thought i n t h e absence o f Western i n t e r v e n t i o n , t h e o n l y
p r a c t i c a l way t o take " r o b u s t " a c t i o n would be t o use A f r i c a n
t r o o p s , Belgian/French assets and U.S. a i r l i f t .
The OAU c o n t i n u e s t o t a l k about an emergency f o r e i g n m i n i s t e r s
meeting t o d i s c u s s i t s r o l e i n Rwandan peacekeeping, b u t i t
remains unscheduled. Boutros G h a l i and Annan c o n t i n u e t o press
f o r a f u l l - b l o w n Chapter V I I peace-enforcement m i s s i o n . There
i s , however, a c o n s i d e r a b l e gap between these p r o p o s a l s and t h e
a c t u a l f i n a n c i a l and manpower resources t h a t c o u n t r i e s are l i k e l y
t o make a v a i l a b l e .
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K r i s t i e A. Kenney
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
06-May-1994 20:04 EDT
UNCLASSIFIED
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
C a l v i n A. M i t c h e l l
(MITCHELLC)
SUBJECT:
Berger on Meet t h e Press
Dear Colleagues,
Sandy Berger has agreed t o appear on "Meet t h e Press" on Sunday t o
p a r t i c i p a t e i n t h e i r d i s c u s s i o n on H a i t i .
Sandy wants l a t e b r e a k i n g issues and/or p o i n t s on North Korea,
Middle East, Rwanda, China and Bosnia. Tom and I w i l l be i n
around 9:00 am and meet w i t h Sandy around 12 n o o n / e a r l y
a f t e r n o o n . We w i l l need your h e l p i n p r e p a r i n g him.
We'll t a l k i n t h e morning.
Thanks, cheers.
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
06-May-1994 21:58 EDT
CONFIDENTIAL
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
Susan E. Rice
(RICE)
SUBJECT:
Suggested T a l k i n g Points f o r VP's Meeting on Rwanda
Sandy,
Attached are suggested t a l k i n g p o i n t s f o r the Vice
President's meeting w i t h Boutros-Ghali e t a l . on Rwanda.
They have been i n f o r m a l l y cleared by JCS, State and OSD. Don
Steinberg concurs as w e l l .
Once you and your counterparts have cleared/commented, I w i l l
forward f o r m a l l y t o the Vice President's o f f i c e .
I w i l l also provide the Vice President's o f f i c e w i t h a chart
being prepared by State that summarizes the FY 94 resources
t h a t may s t i l l be a v a i l a b l e t o support v o l u n t a r y
c o n t r i b u t i o n s t o a p o t e n t i a l Rwanda mission.
Distribution:
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FOR:
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FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
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FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
CC:
CCCC:
CC:
Samuel R. Berger
W Anthony K. Lake
.
Mary C. Emery
Wilma G. H a l l
K r i s t e n K. C i c i o
Katherine M. V e i t
W i l l i a m H. I t o h
K r i s t i e A. Kenney
M. Brooke Darby
Cathy M i l l i s o n
James W Reed
.
Neal S. Wolin
Ardenia R. Hawkins
Records
Records
James A. Carman
Donald K. Steinberg
( BERGER )
( LAKE )
( EMERY )
( HALL )
( CICIO )
( VEIT )
( ITOH )
( KENNEY )
( DARBY )
( MILLISON )
( REED )
( WOLIN )
( HAWKINS )
( RECORDS )
( RECORDS )
( CARMAN )
( STEINBERG )
A d d i t i o n a l Header I n f o r m a t i o n Follows
Date Created: 06-May-1994 21:49
Deletable Flag: Y
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. O. 13526
�F:\Email\Data_Source\Al\Record\CD001\may94\039284.html
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DOCNUM: 039284
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L:
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
06-May-1994 21:49 EDT
CONFIDENTIAL
MEMORANDUM FOR:
( STEINBERG )
( CLARKER )
( BEERS )
Donald K. Steinberg
Richard A. Clarke
Randy R. Beers
FROM:
Susan E. Rice
(RICE)
SUBJECT:
Revised TPs f o r VP's Meeting on Rwanda
CC: Records
( RECORDS )
Suggested T a l k i n g Points f o r Vice President's Meeting
w i t h Boutros-Ghali, Salim Salim e t . a l . on Rwanda
We remain extremely concerned about the on-going tragedy i n
Rwanda. This i s a problem t h a t demands prompt i n t e r n a t i o n a l
action.
-- The United States wants t o p l a y a c o n s t r u c t i v e r o l e i n
a l l e v i a t i n g the s u f f e r i n g i n Rwanda and supporting e f f o r t s t o
achieve a l a s t i n g p o l i t i c a l s o l u t i o n .
-- There have been a number of proposed responses t o t h i s
tragedy. We would l i k e t o explore these ideas w i t h you f u r t h e r ,
as w e l l as w i t h r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s o f concerned A f r i c a n s t a t e s and
our colleagues i n the S e c u r i t y Council.
We have already taken some important steps. We w i l l continue
to support the d i p l o m a t i c e f f o r t s now underway by the UN and
r e g i o n a l leaders t o reach a c e a s e f i r e and r e t u r n t o the Arusha
peace process. We want t o consider how t o support the UN e f f o r t
t o work w i t h the OAU t o ensure the s a f e t y of refugees on both
sides of the border.
We are committed t o provide humanitarian r e l i e f , t o implement
the arms embargo and t o have the UN Human Rights Commission f u l l y
i n v e s t i g a t e the situation^in^Rwanda.
INTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
iQiTgN LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�F:\Eniail\Data_Source\Al\Record\CD001\may94\039284.html
In a d d i t i o n , there may be another v i t a l l y important
humanitarian mission t h a t the UN and/or OAU could perform.
-- We would be i n t e r e s t e d i n e x p l o r i n g the p o s s i b i l i t y of
c r e a t i n g a p r o t e c t i v e zone w i t h an i n t e r n a t i o n a l f o r c e t o provide
s e c u r i t y t o p o p u l a t i o n s i n the southern p o r t i o n of Rwanda, where
refugees and d i s p l a c e d persons are i n the most immediate danger.
Such a force could not only provide s e c u r i t y f o r the
p r o t e c t i v e zone and the d i s t r i b u t i o n o f humanitarian
assistance but also a s s i s t i n refugee r e p a t r i a t i o n and
serve i n a p r e v e n t i v e c a p a c i t y t o deter the spread of
violence t o Burundi. The o p e r a t i o n would r e q u i r e
robust r u l e s of engagement.
This mission may r e q u i r e fewer troops and be less
complex l o g i s t i c a l l y than some other proposals now
being discussed.
I t would, however, need the a c t i v e support of the
Burundi government and, p r e f e r a b l y , the assent of the
Rwandan p a r t i e s .
I f capable troops were a v a i l a b l e and the mission considered
v i a b l e , the U.S. would endeavor t o help by p r o v i d i n g f i n a n c i a l
resources, equipment and l i f t as w e l l as humanitarian assistance.
We would expect t o be j o i n e d i n t h i s e f f o r t by other
concerned n a t i o n s .
I f the mission were mounted independently by the OAU or by a
c o l l e c t i o n of concerned s t a t e s w i t h the b l e s s i n g of the UN
S e c u r i t y Council, the U.S. would o f f e r some assistance on a
v o l u n t a r y basis.
I f the mission were funded through UN assessments, the U.S.
would pay more than 30% of the cost and seek the normal
reimbursement f o r any a d d i t i o n a l c o n t r i b u t i o n s of equipment or
services.
At t h e same time, we have serious r e s e r v a t i o n s about
proposals t o e s t a b l i s h a l a r g e peace enforcement mission, which
would operate throughout Rwanda w i t h a mandate t o end the
f i g h t i n g , r e s t o r e law and order and p a c i f y the p o p u l a t i o n .
While we have not d e f i n i t i v e l y ruled i n or out any p a r t i c u l a r
response, i n our view, there are several problems w i t h t h i s
approach:
E.O. 13526, 1.4(d)
This mission would be p a r t i c u l a r l y complex, perhaps
even more so than Somalia.
I t remains very unclear whether the p a r t i e s t o the
c o n f l i c t would use f o r c e t o oppose such a mission.
Page 3 of 4
�F:\Email\Data_Source\Al\Record\CD001\may94\039284.html
Page 4 of 4
Thus f a r , no country has committed t o send troops,
and i t appears u n l i k e l y t h a t there w i l l be s u f f i c i e n t
pledges t o mount the l a r g e force r e q u i r e d .
L o g i s t i c a l l y , i t would be d i f f i c u l t t o stage a
s i z e a b l e force out o f K i g a l i , because a l l movement o f
troops and supplies would have t o be done by a i r .
I t i s unclear p r e c i s e l y what the peace enforcement
mission would be or when i t would end.
F i n a l l y , the chances of success appear s l i m ,
p a r t i c u l a r l y without the p a r t i c i p a t i o n of a major
m i l i t a r y power.
Again, l e t me say t h a t we hope we can work together t o t r y t o
c r a f t a v i a b l e d i p l o m a t i c s o l u t i o n and provide r e l i e f t o the
hundred's o f thousands who are s u f f e r i n g as r e s u l t o f t h i s t r a g i c
conflict.
[TON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
ON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�F:\Email\Data_Source\A 1 \Record\CDOO 1 \may94\039286.html
Page 1 of 3
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
07-May-1994 11:46 EDT
CONFIDENTIAL
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
Susan E. Rice
(RICE)
SUBJECT:
Updated T a l k i n g Points on Rwanda
Suggested T a l k i n g Points f o r Vice President's Meeting
w i t h Boutros-Ghali, Salim Salim e t . a l . on Rwanda
We remain extremely concerned about t h e on-going tragedy i n
Rwanda. This i s a problem t h a t demands prompt i n t e r n a t i o n a l
action.
—
The United States wants t o play a c o n s t r u c t i v e r o l e i n
a l l e v i a t i n g the s u f f e r i n g i n Rwanda and s u p p o r t i n g e f f o r t s t o
achieve a l a s t i n g p o l i t i c a l s o l u t i o n .
There have been a number of proposed responses t o t h i s
tragedy. We would l i k e t o explore these ideas w i t h you f u r t h e r ,
as w e l l as w i t h r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s o f concerned A f r i c a n s t a t e s and
our colleagues i n the S e c u r i t y Council.
We have already taken some important steps. We w i l l continue
to support the d i p l o m a t i c e f f o r t s now underway by the UN and
r e g i o n a l leaders t o reach a c e a s e f i r e and r e t u r n t o t h e Arusha
peace process.
We want t o consider how t o support the UN e f f o r t
to work w i t h the OAU t o ensure the s a f e t y of refugees on both
sides o f the border.
We are committed t o provide humanitarian r e l i e f , t o implement
the arms embargo and t o have the UN Human Rights Commission f u l l y
i n v e s t i g a t e the s i t u a t i o n i n Rwanda.
I n a d d i t i o n , t h e r e may be another v i t a l l y important
humanitarian mission t h a t the UN and/or OAU could perform.
We would be i n t e r e s t e d i n e x p l o r i n g t h e p o s s i b i l i t y o f
c r e a t i n g a p r o t e c t i v e zone w i t h an i n t e r n a t i o n a l f o r c e t o provide
s e c u r i t y t o populations i n t h e southern p o r t i o n o f Rwanda, where
refugees and d i s p l a c e d persons are i n the most immediate danger.
Such a mission could not only provide s e c u r i t y f o r
the p r o t e c t i v e zone and the d i s t r i b u t i o n of
humanitarian assistance but also a s s i s t i n refugee
r e p a t r i a t i o n and serve i n a p r e v e n t i v e c a p a c i t y t o
deter the spread o f violence t o Burundi. The o p e r a t i o n
would r e q u i r e robust r u l e s o f engagement.
This mission may r e q u i r e fewer troops and be less
complex l o g i s t i c a l l y than some other proposals now
being discussed.
• LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
N
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. O. J3526
�F:\Email\Data_Source\Al\Record\CD001\may94\039286.html
Page 2 of 3
I t would, however, need the a c t i v e support o f t h e
Burundi and/or Tanzanian government and the assent o f
the Rwandan p a r t i e s .
In c o n s i d e r i n g the a c t u a l humanitarian/peacekeeping
mission i n Rwanda, we must be m i n d f u l not t o upset the
d e l i c a t e p o l i t i c a l balance t h a t p r e s e n t l y e x i s t s i n
Burundi.
We must also work together t o d e f i n e c l e a r l y
achievable o b j e c t i v e s and an end-state such as
r e s e t t l e m e n t of the displaced persons and refugees
and/or a sunset p r o v i s i o n r e q u i r i n g r e c o n s i d e r a t i o n of
the o p e r a t i o n i n s i x months t o preclude the mission
becoming an open-ended one.
I f capable troops were a v a i l a b l e and the mission considered
v i a b l e , the U.S. would endeavor t o help by p r o v i d i n g f i n a n c i a l
resources, equipment and l i f t as w e l l as humanitarian assistance,
upon agreement of a c l e a r concept of o p e r a t i o n s .
We would expect t o be j o i n e d i n t h i s e f f o r t by other
concerned n a t i o n s .
I f the mission were mounted independently by the OAU or by a
c o l l e c t i o n o f concerned s t a t e s w i t h the b l e s s i n g o f the UN
S e c u r i t y Council, the U.S. would o f f e r some assistance on a
voluntary basis.
I f the mission were funded through UN assessments, the U.S.
would pay more than 30% of the cost and seek the normal
reimbursement f o r c o n t r i b u t i o n s of equipment or s e r v i c e s .
At t h e same time, we have serious r e s e r v a t i o n s about
proposals t o e s t a b l i s h a l a r g e peace enforcement mission, which
would operate throughout Rwanda w i t h a mandate t o end the
f i g h t i n g , r e s t o r e law and order and p a c i f y the p o p u l a t i o n .
-- While we have not d e f i n i t i v e l y r u l e d i n or out any p a r t i c u l a r
response, i n our view, there are several problems w i t h t h i s
approach:
E.O. 13526, 1.4(d)
This mission would be p a r t i c u l a r l y complex, perhaps
even more so than Somalia.
I t remains very unclear whether the p a r t i e s t o the
c o n f l i c t would use force t o oppose such a mission.
Thus f a r , no country has committed t o send troops,
and i t appears u n l i k e l y t h a t there w i l l be s u f f i c i e n t
pledges t o mount the l a r g e force r e q u i r e d .
L o g i s t i c a l l y , i t would be d i f f i c u l t t o stage a
sizeable force out of K i g a l i , because a l l movement of
troops and supplies would have t o be done^by a i r .
:
m LIBRARY PHOTOCoihr i
�F:\Email\Data_Source\Al\Record\CD001\may94\039286.html
Page 3 of 3
I t i s unclear p r e c i s e l y what the peace enforcement
mission would be or when i t would end.
F i n a l l y , t h e chances of success appear s l i m ,
p a r t i c u l a r l y w i t h o u t the p a r t i c i p a t i o n of a major
m i l i t a r y power.
-- Again, l e t me say t h a t we hope we can work together t o t r y t o
c r a f t a v i a b l e d i p l o m a t i c s o l u t i o n and provide r e l i e f t o the
hundreds of thousands who are s u f f e r i n g as r e s u l t o f t h i s t r a g i c
conflict.
Distribution:
FRO:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
FOR:
CC:
CC:
CC:
CC:
CC:
W Anthony K. Lake
.
Samuel R. Berger
Mary C. Emery
Wilma G. H a l l
K r i s t e n K. C i c i o
Katherine M. V e i t
W i l l i a m H. I t o h
K r i s t i e A. Kenney
M. Brooke Darby
Cathy M i l l i s o n
James W Reed
.
Neal S. Wolin
Ardenia R. Hawkins
Records
Donald K. Steinberg
James A. Carman
W i l l i a m M. Wise
Richard A. Clarke
(
(
(
(
(
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(
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(
(
(
(
(
LAKE )
BERGER )
EMERY )
HALL )
CICIO )
VEIT )
ITOH )
KENNEY )
DARBY )
MILLISON )
REED )
WOLIN )
HAWKINS )
RECORDS )
STEINBERG
CARMAN )
WISE )
CLARKER )
A d d i t i o n a l Header I n f o r m a t i o n Follows
Date Created: 07-May-1994 11:45
Deletable Flag: Y
DOCNUM: 039286
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
07-May-1994 16:18 EDT
MEMORANDUM FOR:
( WILSON )
Ernest J. Wilson I I I
FROM:
Susan E. Rice
(RICE)
SUBJECT:
rwanda t a l k i n g
points
Ernie-Rwanda p o i n t s FYI.
Have a g r e a t t r i p (and b r i n g me back an
ANC e l e c t i o n o r i n a u g u a r a l T - s h i r t ) ! !
Susan
( RECORDS
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•
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
07-May-1994 15:54 EDT
-C&HriDEHTIAL
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
Susan E. Rice
(RICE)
SUBJECT:
F i n a l D r a f t Rwanda T a l k i n g
Points
Attached are f i n a l d r a f t t a l k i n g p o i n t s on Rwanda f o r
p o s s i b l e use by t h e Vice P r e s i d e n t .
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They have t h e f u l l support o f Mr. Lake and Mr. Berger as w e l l
as NSC s t a f f , S t a t e , JCS, USUN. OSD has c l e a r e d a t t h e DAS
l e v e l and we expect s e n i o r l e v e l concurrence s h o r t l y .
OMB recommends a g a i n s t t h e Vice P r e s i d e n t meeting w i t h
B o u t r o s - G h a l i and Salim Salim on t h i s s u b j e c t , because OMB
opposes any peacekeeping e f f o r t i n s i d e Rwanda and b e l i e v e s
f u r t h e r c o n s i d e r a t i o n should be g i v e n t o a l t e r n a t i v e o p t i o n s .
However, i f t h e meeting does take place and t h e r e i s
d i s c u s s i o n o f o p t i o n s f o r p r o v i d i n g s e c u r i t y t o persons
i n s i d e Rwanda, OMB would n o t o b j e c t t o t h e f i n a l v e r s i o n o f
the t a l k i n g p o i n t s as d r a f t e d .
Distribution:
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W i l l i a m H. I t o h
K r i s t i e A. Kenney
M. Brooke Darby
Cathy M i l l i s o n
James W Reed
.
Neal S. Wolin
Ardenia R. Hawkins
(
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(
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WISE )
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n.
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
07-May-1994 15:26 EDT
-COHFI DCNTIAL
MEMORANDUM FOR:
( STEINBERG )
( CLARKER )
Donald K. S t e i n b e r g
Richard A. Clarke
FROM:
Susan E. Rice
(RICE)
SUBJECT:
F i n a l Rwanda T a l k i n g P o i n t s
CC: Records
( RECORDS )
Suggested T a l k i n g P o i n t s f o r Vice P r e s i d e n t ' s Meeting
w i t h B o u t r o s - G h a l i , Salim Salim e t a l . on Rwanda
We remain extremely concerned about t h e on-going tragedy i n
Rwanda. This i s a problem t h a t demands immediate i n t e r n a t i o n a l
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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The U n i t e d S t a t e s wants t o p l a y a c o n s t r u c t i v e r o l e i n
a l l e v i a t i n g t h e s u f f e r i n g i n Rwanda and s u p p o r t i n g e f f o r t s t o
achieve a l a s t i n g p o l i t i c a l s o l u t i o n .
There have been a number o f proposed responses t o t h i s
t r a g e d y . We would l i k e t o e x p l o r e these ideas w i t h you f u r t h e r ,
as w e l l as w i t h r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s o f concerned A f r i c a n s t a t e s and
our c o l l e a g u e s i n t h e S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l .
We have a l r e a d y taken some i m p o r t a n t s t e p s . We w i l l c o n t i n u e
t o support t h e d i p l o m a t i c e f f o r t s now underway by t h e UN, OAU,
the Tanzanian government and r e g i o n a l l e a d e r s t o reach a
c e a s e f i r e and r e t u r n t o t h e Arusha peace process.
We want t o
c o n s i d e r how t o support t h e UN e f f o r t t o work w i t h t h e OAU t o
ensure t h e s a f e t y o f d i s p l a c e d persons on b o t h s i d e s o f t h e
border.
We are committed t o p r o v i d e h u m a n i t a r i a n r e l i e f , t o implement
the arms embargo and t o have t h e UN Human R i g h t s Commission f u l l y
i n v e s t i g a t e t h e s i t u a t i o n i n Rwanda.
I n a d d i t i o n , t h e r e may be another v i t a l l y i m p o r t a n t
h u m a n i t a r i a n m i s s i o n t h a t t h e UN and/or OAU c o u l d p e r f o r m .
We would be i n t e r e s t e d i n e x p l o r i n g t h e p o s s i b i l i t y o f
c r e a t i n g a p r o t e c t i v e zone along t h e Rwandan border w i t h an
i n t e r n a t i o n a l f o r c e t o p r o v i d e s e c u r i t y t o p o p u l a t i o n s , where
refugees and d i s p l a c e d persons are i n t h e most immediate danger.
Such a m i s s i o n c o u l d n o t o n l y p r o v i d e s e c u r i t y f o r
the p r o t e c t i v e zone and t h e d i s t r i b u t i o n o f
humanitarian assistance but could also a s s i s t i n
refugee r e p a t r i a t i o n and serve i n a p r e v e n t i v e c a p a c i t y
t o d e t e r t h e spread o f v i o l e n c e t o Burundi. The
o p e r a t i o n would r e q u i r e r o b u s t r u l e s o f engagement.
This m i s s i o n may r e q u i r e fewer t r o o p s and be l e s s
complex l o g i s t i c a l l y than some o t h e r p r o p o s a l s now
being discussed.
I t would, however, need t h e a c t i v e s u p p o r t o f
n e i g h b o r i n g c o u n t r i e s , such as Burundi and Tanzania,
and t h e assent o f t h e Rwandan p a r t i e s .
In considering the actual
humanitarian/peacekeeping
m i s s i o n i n Rwanda, we must be m i n d f u l n o t t o upset t h e
d e l i c a t e p o l i t i c a l balance t h a t p r e s e n t l y e x i s t s i n
Burundi.
We must a l s o work t o g e t h e r t o d e f i n e c l e a r l y
a c h i e v a b l e o b j e c t i v e s and an e n d - s t a t e such as
r e s e t t l e m e n t o f t h e d i s p l a c e d persons and refugees
and/or a sunset p r o v i s i o n r e q u i r i n g r e c o n s i d e r a t i o n of
the o p e r a t i o n i n s i x months t o p r e c l u d e t h e m i s s i o n
becoming an open-ended one.
I f capable t r o o p s were a v a i l a b l e and t h e m i s s i o n c o n s i d e r e d
v i a b l e , t h e U.S. would f u l l y support t h e o p e r a t i o n p o l i t i c a l l y
and d i p l o m a t i c a l l y and endeavor t o help by p r o v i d i n g f i n a n c i a l
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resources, some l i f t , equipment and humanitarian assistance, upon
agreement of a c l e a r concept of operations.
We would expect t o be j o i n e d i n t h i s e f f o r t by other
concerned n a t i o n s .
[IF ASKED what d i r e c t support U.S. could p r o v i d e :
I f the mission were mounted independently by the OAU
or by a c o l l e c t i o n o f concerned s t a t e s w i t h the
b l e s s i n g of the UN S e c u r i t y Council, the U.S. would
o f f e r some assistance on a v o l u n t a r y b a s i s .
I f the mission were funded through UN assessments,
the U.S. would seek the normal reimbursement f o r
c o n t r i b u t i o n s of equipment or s e r v i c e s . ]
At the same time, we have serious r e s e r v a t i o n s about
proposals t o e s t a b l i s h a l a r g e peace enforcement mission, which
would operate throughout Rwanda w i t h a mandate t o end t h e
f i g h t i n g , r e s t o r e law and order and p a c i f y the p o p u l a t i o n .
While we have not d e f i n i t i v e l y r u l e d i n or out any p a r t i c u l a r
response, i n our view, there are several problems w i t h t h i s
approach:
EO 13526 1.4d
This mission would be p a r t i c u l a r l y complex,
even more so than Somalia.
perhaps
I t remains very unclear whether the p a r t i e s t o the
c o n f l i c t would use force t o oppose such a mission.
Thus f a r , i t i s unclear t h a t any country has
committed t o send troops, and i t appears u n l i k e l y t h a t
there w i l l be s u f f i c i e n t pledges t o mount the l a r g e
force r e q u i r e d .
L o g i s t i c a l l y , i t would be d i f f i c u l t t o stage a
sizeable f o r c e out of K i g a l i , because a l l movement of
troops and supplies would have t o be done through an
a i r p o r t a t the epicenter of a c i v i l war.
I t i s unclear p r e c i s e l y what the peace enforcement
mission would be or when i t would end.
F i n a l l y , the chances of success appear s l i m .
Again, l e t me say t h a t we hope we can work together t o t r y t o
c r a f t a v i a b l e d i p l o m a t i c s o l u t i o n and provide r e l i e f t o the
hundreds of thousands who are s u f f e r i n g as r e s u l t o f t h i s t r a g i c
conflict.
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
14-May-1994 09:29 EDT
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FO"
RM:
Richard A. Clarke
(CLARKER)
SUBJECT:
SATURDAY MORNING NOTES FOR SRB
l.-Jamacia:
You should meet w i t h the Jamacian ambassador
today and hand him the P r e s i d e n t ' s l e t t e r .
State i s t r y i n g
to arrange.
2. P Major:
M
We need POTUS t o make the c a l l , even i f i t s
from the a i r p l a n e over I n d i a n a p o l i s .
3. Rwanda: We delayed a vote i n the UNSC on a new PKO, b u t
they w i l l want t o vote on Monday. Two b i g problems: a) t h e
consensus i n the UNSC i s f o r a S o m a l i a - s t y l e d o p e r a t i o n , not
the l i m i t e d one we f a v o r ; and b) we now by law need t o t e l l
the Congress f i v e days i n advance o f such a vote or invoke a
P r e s i d e n t i a l w a i v e r . We're doing two t h i n g s :
--sending a team t o the UN Monday t o b r i e f our
again and e l a b o r a t e the problems w i t h t h e i r s ; and
concept
--OMB and OSD have asked f o r a DC meeting, pursuant t o
PDD-25. We've p e n c i l e d i n an SVTS a t 4:30 Monday f o r 30
minutes, but t h a t may be t o o l a t e i n the day.
4. Drugs: The lawyers group t h a t we needed t o have p r i o r t o
any d e c i s i o n or DC met on F r i d a y . Opinion was f i r m from a l l
agencies t h a t both US and i n t e r n a t i o n a l law p r o h i b i t e d shoot
downs and t h e r e were no e x c e p t i o n s . Thus, I t h i n k our o n l y
choice i s t o ask Peru and Colombia t o agree not t o use our
i n f o f o r shootdowns. I ' l l t r y t o s e l l t h a t . I f I can't, you
should c a l l Strobe. This one w i l l not b e n e f i t from a DC.
Distribution:
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Samuel R. Berger
Mary C. Emery
Wilma G. H a l l
K r i s t e n K. C i c i o
Katherine M. V e i t
W i l l i a m H. I t o h
K r i s t i e A. Kenney
M. Brooke Darby
Cathy M i l l i s o n
James W Reed
.
Neal S. Wolin
Ardenia R. Hawkins
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
BERGER )
EMERY )
HALL )
CICIO )
VEIT )
ITOH )
KENNEY )
DARBY )
MILLISON )
REED )
WOLIN )
HAWKINS •)-
LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY ^
PER E,0 13526
o
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
16-May-1994 13:10 EDT
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
A l l i s o n M. Wright
(WRIGHT)
SUBJECT:
DC Meeting v i a SVTS
Per Mr. Berger's o f f i c e t h e r e w i l l ( p r o b a b l y ) be a DC Meeting t o
be h e l d v i a SVTS t o n i g h t on Rwanda UNSC v o t e from 7:00 - 8:00.
Attendance i s p r i n c i p a l p l u s on and i s as f o l l o w s :
OVP
STATE
DOD
CIA
JCS
USUN
OMB
Any changes o r q u e s t i o n s please l e t me know.
Thanks v e r y much.
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K r i s t e n K. C i c i o
K a t h e r i n e M. V e i t
W i l l i a m H. I t o h
K r i s t i e A. Kenney
M. Brooke Darby
CLARKER )
BEERS )
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James W Reed
.
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(
(
(
(
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
20-Jul-1994 13:01 EDT
MEMORANDUM FOR:
( RECORDS@Al@OEOB )
RECORDS
FROM:
Hilliard,
SUBJECT:
;.CONFIDENTIAL: RE: : tuWFl DEW 1 IAL .
( h i 1liarb@NSCSTF@OEOB@MSGATE@VAXB
Brenda I .
Message C r e a t i o n Date was a t 20-JUL-1994
00:46:00
I ' l l be happy t o c o n t a c t t h e i r o f f i c e s . Thanks.
From: Kenney, K r i s t i e A.
To: H i l l i a r d , Brenda I .
CC: /R, Record a t A l ; Reed, James W ; @CROSS - Cross Hatches
.
S u b j e c t : .CONriDCNTIAL
Date: Wednesday, J u l y 20, 1994 11:00 AM
Brenda:
would you please i n v i t e t h e f o l l o w i n g t o t h e f o r e i g n p o l i c y team meeting on
Friday w i t h the
P r e s i d e n t (Mr. Lake has approved).
President
vice President
A c t i n g SecState
A c t i n g SecDef
Ambassdador A l b r i g h t
S e c r e t a r y Bentsen
Leon Panetta
Anthony Lake
Bob Rubin
Alice Rivlin
General S h a l i
D i r e c t o r Woolsey
Samuel Berger
Pat G r i f f i n
Leon Fuerth
Lloyd Cutler
B r i a n Atwood
David Gergen
George Stephanopolous
Mark Gearan
Dee Dee Myers .
Nancy Soderberg
R i c k i Seidman (to j o i n for t h i r d agenda item)
Bill Gray
OECLASSIFIED
.
E-0.13526
WhheHou«(;„ideJm ,Sepemher IUfl()6
1MIL
al
You may wish t o t e l l
these f o l k s t h a t t h e agenda i s :
Rwanda ( t r i p r e p o r t by Atwood)
OY
CLINTON LIBRARY P
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H a i t i ( d i s c u s s i o n by L a k e / A l b r i g h t / G r a y )
Middle East ( d i p l o m a t i c update by T a l b o t t , next week's w h i t e House events by
Lake/Seidman)
( I w i l l l e t t h e ExecSecs a t each " p r e s e n t e r s " agency know o f t h e i r r o l e b u t
you o f t e n g e t asked
by o t h e r attendees so I thought you might l i k e t o have t h e agenda' ready t o
t e l l them..)
Thanks,
Kristie
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Date Created: 20-Jul-1994 00:46
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A l F o l d e r : JUL94
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
20-Jul-1994 14:32 EDT
MEMORANDUM FOR:
NONRECORD
( NONRECORD@Al@OEOB
FROM:
kenneyk.
(kenneyk@NSCSTF@OEOB@MSGATE@VAXB)
SUBJECT:
: CONFI DCNTIAL : RE: i COI'in DDNTIAL : RE: :
C
Message C r e a t i o n Date was a t 20-JUL-1994 14:28:00
Brenda: t h a t ' s f i n e . Whoever i s a c t i n g s e c s t a t e should come and be
prepared t o udpate
on S e c r e t a r y ' s C h r i s t o p h e r ' s m i s s i o n t o t h e middle e a s t .
From: H i l l i a r d , Brenda I .
To: 'Kenney, K r i s t i e A.'
CC: /N, NonRecord a t A l
S u b j e c t : : QWVl PFHTIAb: RE: . UUHL'lULNl l A b i
Date: Wednesday, J u l y 20, 1994 02:20 P
M
Kristie Wanted t o l e t you know t h a t T a l b o t t w i l l be o u t o f U.S. F r i d a y morning ( i n
case S t a t e Exec Sec d i d n ' t mention i t when you c o n t a c t e d them).
I assume
T a r n o f f (who w i l l be t h e A c t i n g ) w i l l be t h e one p r e s e n t i n g t h e Middle East
D i p l o m a t i c update, r i g h t ? I haven't i n v i t e d him y e t , i n case someone e l s e
has been d e s i g n a t e d t o g i v e t h e update. Thanks.
From: Kenney, K r i s t i e A.
To: H i l l i a r d , Brenda I .
CC: /R, Record a t A l ; Reed, James W ; @CROSS - Cross Hatches
.
S u b j e c t : ^QMFT PlFMTT n T :
Date: Wednesday, J u l y 20, 1994 11:00 AM
Brenda :
would you please i n v i t e t h e f o l l o w i n g t o t h e f o r e i g n p o l i c y team meeting on
Friday w i t h the
P r e s i d e n t (Mr. Lake has approved).
President
vice President
A c t i n g SecState
A c t i n g SecDef
Ambassdador A l b r i g h t
S e c r e t a r y Bentsen
Leon Panetta
Anthony Lake
Bob Rubin
Alice Rivlin
—-
AWranrn
rlr?SP
M). 13526
White H ue Guidelines, S pe b r 11,2006
os
e tm e
B y J ^ NARA, Date WuJ|\{
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�F:\Email\Data_Source\Al\Non-Record\CD020\NR1994\CONFID93.html
General S h a l i
D i r e c t o r Woolsey
Samuel Berger
Pat G r i f f i n
Leon Fuerth
Lloyd Cutler
B r i a n Atwood
David Gergen
George Stephanopolous
Mark Gearan
Dee Dee Myers
Nancy Soderberg
R i c k i Seidman ( t o j o i n
B i l l Gray
Page 2 of 2
f o r t h i r d agenda item)
You may wish t o t e l l these f o l k s t h a t t h e agenda i s :
Rwanda ( t r i p r e p o r t by Atwood)
H a i t i ( d i s c u s s i o n by L a k e / A l b r i g h t / G r a y )
Middle East ( d i p l o m a t i c update by T a l b o t t , next week's w h i t e House events by
Lake/Seidman)
( I w i l l l e t t h e ExecSecs a t each " p r e s e n t e r s " agency know o f t h e i r r o l e b u t
you o f t e n g e t asked
by o t h e r attendees so I thought you might l i k e t o have t h e agenda ready t o
t e l l them..)
Thanks,
Kristie
A d d i t i o n a l Header I n f o r m a t i o n Follows
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
28-Jul-1994 09:48 EDT
MEMORANDUM FOR:
( NONRECORD?Al@OEOB )
NONRECORD
hallw
FROM:
(hallw@NSCSTF@OEOB@MSGATE@VAXB)
SUBJECT:
,
l
: OOHPf DDHTIJ iL i
Message C r e a t i o n Date was a t 28-JUL-1994 09:36:00
Dick,
Mr. Lake wants t o have a RWANDA Meeting f o r one hour tomorrow
( F r i d a y ) a t 4:30 pm and s t a r t i n g Monday, August 1 s t every Monday, Wednesday
and F r i d a y a t 10:30 am f o r one hour.
I would a p p r e c i a t e some c l a r i f i c a t i o n on p a r t i c i p a n t s
so t h a t A l l i s o n and
I know who t h e " p r e f e r r e d " p a r t i c i p a n t should be f o r t h i s meeting.
Could you g i v e ALTERNATE name t h a t should be i n v i t e d when one o f these
are u n a v a i l a b l e t o attend?
I was t o l d t h a t yesterday's
DOD:
JCS:
OVP:
STATE:
AID:
NSC:
CofS:
p a r t i c i p a n t s were (please c o r r e c t
i f not r i g h t ) :
DepSecDef John Deutch
Gen Gerald Bates
Leon Fuerth
Tim W i r t h
B r i a n Atwood
Dick C l a r k e and Randy Beers
Leon Panetta
Should JCS Rep be Gen Jack Sheehan when he i s a v a i l a b l e ?
Who should be PRINCIPAL p a r t i c i p a n t f o r S t a t e ??
Tim W i r t h ??
[ I am assuming Sandy Berger w i l l
SHOULD ANYONE ELSE BE INVITED?
also attend)
Sorry t o b o t h e r you w i t h such d e t a i l b u t we want t o be c e r t a i n you g e t t h e
p a r t i c i p a n t s you need a t t h e meeting. . . THANKS !
Additional
Header I n f o r m a t i o n
Follows
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Date M o d i f i e d : 28-Jul-1994 09:36
Forward Flag: YES
Read-Receipt Requested: NO
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Message P r i o r i t y : FIRST_CLASS
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�F:\Email\Data_Source\Al\Non-Record\CD020\NR1994\UNCL447.html
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
29-Jul-1994 07:47 EDT
MEMORANDUM FOR:
NONRECORD
( NONRECORD@Al@OEOB )
FROM:
kenneyk
(kenneyk@NSCSTF@OEOB@MSGATE@VAXB)
SUBJECT:
:UNCLASSIFIED: RE: L t r t o Byrd:GONPIDGNT'
Message C r e a t i o n Date was a t 29-JUL-1994 07:31:00
Kay:
thanks f o r t a k i n g t h e time t o s o r t t h i s o u t .
p r o f e s s i o n a l i s m even a t t h e end o f a very long day!
I a p p r e c i a t e your
Kristie
From: J o s h i , M. Kay
To: C l a r k e , R i c h a r d A.
CC: /N, NonRecord a t A l ; Kenney, K r i s t i e A.; Lindsey, Wanda D.; M i l l i s o n ,
Cathy L.; W r i g h t , A l l i s o n M.; @ P - APNSA S p e c i a l A s s i s t a n t s
U
S u b j e c t : L t r t o Byrd iSOHri'DDMTIM,:
Date: Thursday, J u l y 28, 1994 11:09 P
M
Dick:
Per your i n s t r u c t i o n s , package 6159 -- p r e s i d e n t i a l l e t t e r t o Senator Byrd
on Rwanda -- went i n Mr. Lake's book f o r him i n t h e morning.
While
p r o o f r e a d i n g i t , I had a couple o f q u e s t i o n s . I j u s t want t o make sure t h a t
the memo i s c o r r e c t . Mr. Berger took a look a t i t when he passed by and he
wasn't sure e i t h e r .
I n t h e f i r s t paragraph, i t mentions a d i s c u s s i o n YESTERDAY. When d i d t h e
d i s c u s s i o n t a k e place?
I f on J u l y 27 (the memo by you was w r i t t e n on t h e
2 8 t h ) , t h e P r e s i d e n t w i l l g e t t h e memo on J u l y 29 and we cannot use
yesterday.
I f t h e d i s c u s s i o n was on J u l y 28, then you a l r e a d y took i n t o
account t h e d i f f e r e n c e i n t i m e .
I n t h e f i f t h paragraph, t h e l e t t e r mentions t h e UN h o l d i n g a donor
c o o r d i n a t i o n meeting i n Geneva TODAY. The today t h a t i s mentioned -- i s i t
today as i n J u l y 28 (which by t h e time t h e P r e s i d e n t gets t h e l e t t e r t o read
w i l l be yesterday) o r i s i t today as i n J u l y 29?
I hope t h i s i s n ' t t o o c o n f u s i n g , b u t a f t e r a hard day f o r a l l , I j u s t wanted
t o be sure a l l grounds were covered s i n c e t h e memo d i d n o t go t o anyone i n
t h i s o f f i c e b e f o r e going t o Mr. Lake.
Please l e t someone know t h e answer as soon as p o s s i b l e i n t h e morning.
Thanks.
DECLASSIFIED
u/t-
E
0
-
1 3 5 2 6
White H w Guidelines, September 1 2 0
oe
1 06
B
y-L__ NAHA, mtcjimfn
CLINTON^LIBRARY P O O O Y
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A l Folder: READ
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Message S t a t u s : READ
Date M o d i f i e d : 29-Jul-1994 07:31
Forward Flag: YES
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CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
29-Jul-1994 09:18 EDT
MEMORANDUM FOR:
RECORDS
( RECORDS@Al@OEOB )
FROM:
Wolin, Neal S.
(wolinn@NSCSTF@OEOB@MSGATE@VAXB)
SUBJECT:
:UNCLASSIFIED: FW: L t r t o Byrd•GOHDIDGHT*
Message C r e a t i o n Date was a t 29-JUL-1994 09:08:00
good work, Kay. thanks.
From: J o s h i , M. Kay
To: C l a r k e , Richard A.
CC: /N, NonRecord a t A l ; Kenney, K r i s t i e A.; Lindsey, Wanda D.; M i l l i s o n ,
Cathy L.; W r i g h t , A l l i s o n M.; @ P - APNSA S p e c i a l A s s i s t a n t s
U
S u b j e c t : L t r t o Byrd.CONFIDCNTIAL.
Date: Thursday, J u l y 28, 1994 11:09 P
M
Dick:
Per your i n s t r u c t i o n s , package 6159 -- p r e s i d e n t i a l l e t t e r t o Senator Byrd
on Rwanda -- went i n Mr. Lake's book f o r him i n the morning.
While
p r o o f r e a d i n g i t , I had a couple o f q u e s t i o n s . I j u s t want t o make sure t h a t
the memo i s c o r r e c t . Mr. Berger took a l o o k a t i t when he passed by and he
wasn't sure' e i t h e r .
I n t h e f i r s t paragraph, i t mentions a d i s c u s s i o n YESTERDAY. When d i d t h e
d i s c u s s i o n t a k e place?
I f on J u l y 27 (the memo by you was w r i t t e n on t h e
2 8 t h ) , t h e P r e s i d e n t w i l l g e t the memo on J u l y 29 and'we cannot use
yesterday.
I f t h e d i s c u s s i o n was on J u l y 28, then you a l r e a d y took i n t o
account t h e d i f f e r e n c e i n t i m e .
I n t h e f i f t h paragraph, t h e l e t t e r mentions t h e UN h o l d i n g a donor
c o o r d i n a t i o n meeting i n Geneva TODAY. The today t h a t i s mentioned -- i s i t
today as i n J u l y 28 (which by t h e time t h e P r e s i d e n t gets t h e l e t t e r t o read
w i l l be y e s t e r d a y ) o r i s i t today as i n J u l y 29?
I hope t h i s i s n ' t t o o c o n f u s i n g , b u t a f t e r a hard day f o r a l l , I j u s t wanted
t o be sure a l l grounds were covered s i n c e the memo d i d n o t go t o anyone i n
t h i s o f f i c e b e f o r e going t o Mr. Lake.
Please l e t someone know t h e answer as soon as p o s s i b l e i n the
morning.
Thanks.
DECLASSIFIED
E0156
..32
_™
Additional
Header Information Follows
H o u
* Guidelines, September U, 2006
^-M-'-NARA, DateJ^ll^H
CI'INTON'TIBRARYTHOTOCOPY
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Message S t a t u s : READ
Date M o d i f i e d : 29-Jul-1994 09:08
Forward Flag: YES
Read-Receipt Requested: NO
D e l i v e r y - R e c e i p t Requested: NO
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�F:\Email\Data_Source\Al\Record\CD001\aug94\048325.html
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
03-Aug-1994 16:04 EDT
MEMORANDUM FOR: SEE BELOW
FROM:
Wolin,
Neal S.
SUBJECT:
(wolinn@NSCSTF@OEOB@MSGATE@VAXB)
j-ODOnET-. CPL lunch -- 4 August
Message C r e a t i o n Date was a t 3-AUG-1994 15:48:00
Below i s a t e n t a t i v e agenda f o r tomorrow's C-P-L l u n c h . Where i n d i c a t e d ,
please p r o v i d e me, by no l a t e r than 9.30 am Thursday, a s h o r t background
paper ( v i a e-mail) f o r Tony's use.
Lake :
o DoD Readiness Report f o l l o w - u p -- w i l l ask Sec Perry what steps are being
taken t o f o l l o w - u p on the Meyer r e p o r t .
(Bob B e l l please p r o v i d e background
as a p p r o p r i a t e . )
o C o o r d i n a t i o n o f U.S. A n t i t e r r o r i s m Programs -- w i l l d i s c u s s w i t h
p a r t i c u l a r r e f e r e n c e t o I r a n and H i z b o l l a h .
(Dick Clarke/Randy Beers/Sean
Darragh, George Tenet, and M a r t i n Indyk please c o o r d i n a t e on a p p r o p r i a t e
background.)
o
S e n s i t i v e Program -- (George Tenet has p r o v i d e d
background.)
o M i l i t a r y A s s i s t a n c e f o r Cambodia -- f o l l o w i n g on Stanley's
Penh.
(Stanley Roth please p r o v i d e a p p r o p r i a t e background.)
t r i p t o Phnom
o S e n s i t i v e C o u n t e r n a r c o t i c s N a r c o t i c s Program -- w i l l r a i s e s t a t u s o f
program a f t e r August 7. (Sean Darragh please p r o v i d e background.)
Christopher:
o Bosnia Update -- w i l l r a i s e a p o s s i b l e v i s i t t o I z e t b e g o v i c and f o l l o w - u p
on Contact Group "consequences"
(Sandy Vershbow/Don K e r r i c k please p r o v i d e
background as a p p r o p r i a t e . )
o Rwanda Update -- w i l l discuss f o l l o w - u p t o Perry t r i p , Rwanda
supplemental (Randy Beers, Don S t e i n b e r g and B i l l Danvers please c o o r d i n a t e
on a p p r o p r i a t e background.)
o H a i t i -- w i l l ask who has r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r f u n d i n g support c o s t s f o r
c o u n t r i e s c o n t r i b u t i n g t o UNMIH (Randy Beers and L a r r y Rossin please
c o o r d i n a t e on a p p r o p r i a t e background.)
o Peacekeeping Funds -- w i l l compare notes on where we stand on t h e H i l l on
peacekeeping and UN funds i s s u e s .
(Susan Rice and B i l l Danvers please
c o o r d i n a t e on a p p r o p r i a t e background.)
Perry:
o
FAST Marines - - w i l l r a i s e d i s s a t i s f a c t i o n
with S t a t e ' s
continuing
DECLASSIFIED
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y PERE.O.I3S26
HTCP
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F:\Email\Data_Source\Al\Record\CD001\aug94\048325.html
r e f u s a l t o b r i n g t h i s issue t o closure,
p r o v i d e a p p r o p r i a t e background.)
(Randy Beers/Sean
Darragh please
o P o s s i b l e POW/MIA T r i p t o Vietnam
w i l l c o n s u l t on t h e a d v i s i b i l i t y o f
sending another h i g h l e v e l team t o work on g e t t i n g more o u t o f t h e
Vietnamese.
(Stan Roth please p r o v i d e background.)
Thanks.
Distribution:
FOR: Robert C. FauverFOR: Sandra J. K r i s t o f f F O R : Robert D. KyleFOR: Daniel B. Ponema
A d d i t i o n a l Header I n f o r m a t i o n Follows
Date Created: 03-Aug-1994 15:48
D e l e t a b l e Flag: Y
DOCNUM: 048325
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A l Folder: AUG94
Message Format:
Message S t a t u s : READ
Date M o d i f i e d : 03-Aug-1994 15:48
Forward Flag: YES
Read-Receipt Requested: NO
D e l i v e r y - R e c e i p t Requested: NO
Message P r i o r i t y : FIRST_CLASS
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
03-Aug-1994 21:26 EDT
MEMORANDUM FOR:
RECORDS
( RECORDS@Al@OEOB )
FROM:
Wolin, Neal S.
(wolinn@NSCSTF@OEOB@MSGATE@VAXB)
SUBJECT:
:CONFIDENTIAL: RE: .GDCnET: CPL lunch --
Message C r e a t i o n Date was a t 3-AUG-1994 21:06:00
Thanks.
From: B e l l , Robert G.
To: Wolin, Neal S.
S u b j e c t : RE: .-frfiCRBg: CPL lunch -- 4 August
Date: Wednesday, August 03, 1994 06:04 P
M
We're sending
over hard-copy a read ahead f o r my i t e m .
From: Wolin, Neal S.
To: Rossin a t A l ; Beers, Rand R; B e y r l e , John R.; Danvers, W i l l i a m C ;
Darragh, Sean J.; F r i e d , D a n i e l ; K e r r i c k , Donald L.; Rice, Susan E.;
S u e t t i n g e r , Robert L.; @SENIORS - Senior D i r e c t o r s
Cc: /R, Record a t A l ; Kenney, K r i s t i e A.; Reed, James W ; Sens, Andrew D.;
.
Soderberg, Nancy E.; I t o h , W i l l i a m H.
S u b j e c t : >CEGnET: CPL lunch — 4 August
Date: Wednesday, August 03, 1994 3:48PM
Below i s a t e n t a t i v e agenda f o r tomorrow's C-P-L l u n c h . Where i n d i c a t e d ,
please p r o v i d e me, by no l a t e r than 9.30 am Thursday, a s h o r t background
paper ( v i a e-mail) f o r Tony's use.
Lake:
o DoD Readiness Report f o l l o w - u p -- w i l l ask Sec Perry what steps are being
taken t o f o l l o w - u p on t h e Meyer r e p o r t .
(Bob B e l l please p r o v i d e background
as a p p r o p r i a t e . )
o C o o r d i n a t i o n o f U.S. A n t i t e r r o r i s m . Programs -- w i l l d i s c u s s w i t h
p a r t i c u l a r r e f e r e n c e t o I r a n and H i z b o l l a h . (Dick Clarke/Randy Beers/Sean
Darragh, George Tenet, and M a r t i n Indyk please c o o r d i n a t e on a p p r o p r i a t e
background.)
o
S e n s i t i v e Program -- (George Tenet has p r o v i d e d background.)
o M i l i t a r y A s s i s t a n c e f o r Cambodia -- f o l l o w i n g on S t a n l e y ' s t r i p t o Phnom
Penh.
( S t a n l e y Roth please p r o v i d e a p p r o p r i a t e background.)
o S e n s i t i v e C o u n t e r n a r c o t i c s N a r c o t i c s Program -- w i l l r a i s e s t a t u s o f
program a f t e r August 7. (Sean Darragh please p r o v i d e background.)
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y KSgTJS?
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�F:\Email\Data_Source\Al\Record\CD001\aug94\048369.html
Page 2 of2
Christopher:
o Bosnia Update -- w i l l r a i s e a p o s s i b l e v i s i t t o I z e t b e g o v i c and f o l l o w - u p
on Contact Group "consequences"
(Sandy Vershbow/Don K e r r i c k please p r o v i d e
background as a p p r o p r i a t e . )
o Rwanda Update -- w i l l discuss f o l l o w - u p t o Perry t r i p , Rwanda
supplemental (Randy Beers, Don S t e i n b e r g and B i l l Danvers p l e a s e c o o r d i n a t e
on a p p r o p r i a t e background.)
o H a i t i -- w i l l ask who has r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r f u n d i n g support costs f o r
c o u n t r i e s c o n t r i b u t i n g t o UNMIH (Randy Beers and L a r r y Rossin please
c o o r d i n a t e on a p p r o p r i a t e background.)
o Peacekeeping Funds -- w i l l compare notes on where we stand on t h e H i l l on
peacekeeping and UN funds i s s u e s .
(Susan Rice and B i l l Danvers please
c o o r d i n a t e on a p p r o p r i a t e background.)
Perry:
o FAST Marines -- w i l l r a i s e d i s s a t i s f a c t i o n w i t h S t a t e ' s c o n t i n u i n g
r e f u s a l t o b r i n g t h i s issue t o closure.
(Randy Beers/Sean Darragh please
p r o v i d e a p p r o p r i a t e background.)
o P o s s i b l e POW/MIA T r i p t o Vietnam -- w i l l c o n s u l t on t h e a d v i s i b i l i t y o f
sending another h i g h l e v e l team t o work on g e t t i n g more o u t o f t h e
Vietnamese.
(Stan Roth please p r o v i d e background.)
Thanks.
A d d i t i o n a l Header I n f o r m a t i o n Follows
Date Created: 03-Aug-1994 21:06
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Date M o d i f i e d : 03-Aug-1994 21:06
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�NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
WASHINGTON. D.C. 20506
Sununary o f Conclusions
Ad Hoc Group on Rwandan R e l i e f O p e r a t i o n s
DATE: August 5, 1994
LOCATION: White House S i t u a t i o n Room
TIME:
9:45 am - 11:00 am
SUBJECT:
Summary o f Conclusions o f Ad Hoc Group on Rwandan
R e l i e f O p e r a t i o n s . fS^N
PARTICIPANTS:
STATE
Timothy W i r t h
Edward Brynn
AID
B r i a n Atwood
The White House
Anthony Lake
Nancy Soderberg
DOD
Ted Warner
CIA
NSC
Don S t e i n b e r g
E r i c Schwartz
Susan Rice
Charles Snyder
JCS
LTG John Sheehan
Summary o f Conclusions
The Ad Hoc Group agreed on t h e f o l l o w i n g :
1. Water Requirement:
I n view o f c o n f l i c t i n g e s t i m a t e s o f
r e q u i r e m e n t s , USAID w i l l p r o v i d e t h e Ad Hoc Group w i t h an
assessment o f water needs i n Z a i r e and o p t i o n s f o r meeting t h e
needs. USAID w i l l c o n s u l t w i t h JCS and w i l l d i s t r i b u t e a paper
on t h i s i s s u e no l a t e r t h a n 12 noon, Monday, August 8. (U)
2. Length o f U.S. H u m a n i t a r i a n Involvement: While we would l i k e
t o hand o f f as much o f t h e h u m a n i t a r i a n e f f o r t t o p r i v a t e r e l i e f
o r g a n i z a t i o n s as p o s s i b l e , we w i l l n o t a t t h i s p o i n t announce any
t a r g e t d a t e f o r an end t o U.S. i n v o l v e m e n t i n view o f t h e
u n c e r t a i n t y o f t h e s i t u a t i o n i n Rwanda, -f&t"
3.
O r g a n i z a t i o n o f t h e R e l i e f E f f o r t and R e p a t r i a t i o n :
S t a t e w i l l c o n t i n u e t o encourage t h e UN t o e s t a b l i s h an
o r g a n i z e d s t r u c t u r e f o r d e c i s i o n - m a k i n g on h u m a n i t a r i a n
relief.
USUN w i l l urge t h e UN S e c r e t a r y General t o ensure
t h a t he has a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e on t h e ground t o f a c i l i t a t e
•JECRET"
8
m n LIBRARY P O O O Y reRRo ™
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1
D e c l a s s i f y oh>tl—-bA
�c o o r d i n a t i o n , which should i n c l u d e c o o r d i n a t i o n w i t h NGOs.
(U)
S t a t e w i l l prepare an a c t i o n p l a n on r e p a t r i a t i o n i s s u e s t h a t
w i l l be c l e a r e d i n t e r a g e n c y and a v a i l a b l e no l a t e r than OOB,
Tuesday, August 9. The paper should be c o o r d i n a t e d w i t h JCS
and i n c l u d e reconunendations on i m p l e m e n t a t i o n o f Phase 2 o f
t h e r e l i e f o p e r a t i o n . The paper should be i n f o r m e d by
d i s c u s s i o n s w i t h UNHCR and c o n t a i n benchmarks t o use i n
d e t e r m i n i n g how a c t i v e l y we should encourage r e p a t r i a t i o n .
4. A d d i t i o n a l Needs: USAID w i l l r e p o r t on c r i t i c a l gaps i n t h e
r e l i e f e f f o r t , w i t h a focus on a n t i c i p a t i n g problems (such as an
outbreak o f d y s e n t e r y ) i n t h e weeks t o come. USAID w i l l p r o v i d e
o p t i o n s f o r meeting such needs. The r e p o r t s h o u l d be a v a i l a b l e
no l a t e r than COB Monday. (U)
5.
will
and
RPF
RPF E f f o r t s t o Create a Safe Environment i n Rwanda: S t a t e
c o n t i n u e t o urge t h e RPF t o discourage a c t s o f r e t r i b u t i o n
reprisal.
S t a t e w i l l i n s t r u c t Ambassador Rawson t o urge t h e
t o develop r a d i o messages t o t h i s e f f e c t .
6. RPF and UNAMIR: Ambassador Rawson w i l l seek t o r e a f f i r m RPF
agreements t o 1) p e r m i t Francophone c o n t i n g e n t s i n French u n i t s
t o o p e r a t e as UNAMIR I I u n i t s , 2) a v o i d an RPF presence i n t h e
s a f e area and 3) undertake j o i n t p a t r o l s w i t h UNAMIR elsewhere
i n Rwanda. - f O f
7. Moroccans: The Vice P r e s i d e n t w i l l c a l l King Hassan t o
encourage him t o deploy t r o o p s t o Z a i r e t o h e l p m a i n t a i n
s e c u r i t y . NSC s t a f f w i l l prepare m a t e r i a l s f o r t h i s phone c a l l .
8. B u r u n d i :
S t a t e , i n c o o r d i n a t i o n w i t h OSD/JCS, w i l l implement
t h e "Burundi S t r a t e g y , " i n c l u d i n g f i n d i n g f a c i l i t a t o r s (and, i n
p a r t i c u l a r , o u t s i d e m o n i t o r s ) who w i l l a t t e m p t t o i d e n t i f y common
ground and w i l l thus h e l p t o i s o l a t e e x t r e m i s t s , r e p l a c i n g French
t r o o p s i n southwest Rwanda w i t h e x p e d i t e d deployment o f UNAMIR,
c o n t i n u i n g h i g h - l e v e l v i s i t s (and p u b l i c statements accompanying
them) t o demonstrate s t r o n g U.S. s u p p o r t f o r Burundi's f r a g i l e
democracy and remind Burundians t h a t t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community
i s w a t c h i n g , s u p p o r t i n g a refugee conference o f r e g i o n a l l e a d e r s
f o r Bujumbura, and e s t a b l i s h i n g Bujumbura a i r p o r t as a t r a n s i t
and s t a g i n g p o i n t t h a t would be used by t h e U.S. m i l i t a r y i n t h e
humanitarian e f f o r t .
Such r e l i e f would be d i r e c t e d t o Rwandan
refugees i n Bukavu, Z a i r e , southwest Rwanda and n o r t h e r n Burundi.
S t a t e w i l l be prepared t o r e p o r t on progress on these f r o n t s a t
t h e Ad Hoc meeting on August 9. 4 O f
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9. Meetings Next Week: The Ad Hoc Group w i l l meet on Tuesday
and Thursday o f next week. 4.C)
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NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
09-Aug-1994
10:41 EDT
UNCLASSIFIED
MEMORANDUM FOR:
Jonathan H. S p a l t e r
N a t a l i e S. Wozniak
FROM:
C a l v i n A. M i t c h e l l
(MITCHELLC)
SUBJECT:
august
( SPALTER )
( WOZNIAK )
8 guidance
FOREIGN POLICY TALKING POINTS
(as o f August 8, 10:00 A.M.)
FOREIGN POLICY ACCOMPLISHMENTS
CUBA
HAITI
BOSNIA
RWANDA
MIDDLE EAST
TERRORISM
DISCO BOMBING
NIGERIA
NORTH KOREA
TRADE
NIS
CIA
FOREIGN POLICY ACCOMPLISHMENTS
I n t h e end, what m a t t e r s i s what we are g e t t i n g done. This i s
the measure o f l e a d e r s h i p . And i n t h e l a s t few weeks, we have
helped I s r a e l and Jordan achieve an h i s t o r i c b r e a k t h r o u g h ; helped
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Russia and Estonia reach agreement a l l o w i n g the w i t h d r a w a l of
Russian t r o o p s ; l e d i n the i m p l e m e n t a t i o n of a tough r e s o l u t i o n
on H a i t i at the S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l ; and c a r r i e d out a h u m a n i t a r i a n
o p e r a t i o n i n Rwanda t h a t should make a l l Americans proud.
But l e t me take a moment t o put t h i s i n the c o n t e x t of my t h r e e ,
fundamental s t r a t e g i c g o a l s :
Our f i r s t goal i n the p o s t - C o l d War w o r l d has been meeting
s e c u r i t y c h a l l e n g e s . We have succeeded:
Prepared a s t r a t e g y f o r our armed f o r c e s t o f i g h t two
major r e g i o n a l c o n f l i c t s a t one.
E l i m i n a t i o n of n u c l e a r weapons i n Ukraine, Belarus and
Kazakhstan.
By the end of t h i s month, no more Russian t r o o p s i n
C e n t r a l and Eastern Europe f o r the f i r s t time s i n c e
World War I I .
P a r t n e r s h i p f o r Peace.
P e r s i s t e n t e f f o r t s t o ensure t h a t the Korean p e n i n s u l a
i s nonnuclear.
H i s t o r i c progress i n the Middle East.
Pursued and c o n v i c t e d t e r r o r i s t s ; w i l l not l e t them
s t o p peace.
Our second goal has been t o promote f r e e markets and b r i n g our
i n t e r n a t i o n a l economic p o l i c i e s i n l i n e w i t h our domestic g o a l s .
Our accomplishments i n c l u d e :
Vast new c r e d i b i l i t y by l o w e r i n g our d e f i c i t a t home.
NAFTA, which w i l l c r e a t e hundreds of thousands of jobs
i n the U.S.
GATT, which we are working w i t h Congress t o pass t h i s
year .
F i r s t summit meeting of APEC, t o launch new economic
i n i t i a t i v e s on P a c i f i c r i m .
L i f t i n g of e x p o r t c o n t r o l s promotion of expanded
American t r a d e , i n v e s t m e n t s .
Our t h i r d goal has been t o promote democracy, from Russia t o
South A f r i c a t o C h i l e .
A s s i s t e d s t a t e s , such as Russia and Ukraine, i n r e t u r n
f o r progress toward market r e f o r m s .
Leading the i n t e r n a t i o n a l community i n e f f o r t s t o
r e s t o r e democracy t o H a i t i .
W i l l be h o s t i n g the Summit of the Americas, f i r s t
g a t h e r i n g i n 30 years of the democratic n a t i o n s of our
hemisphere.
Cuba
New
Developments
A l l appears q u i e t f o l l o w i n g statements by Castro f o l l o w i n g r i o t s
on F r i d a y i n Havana t h a t i f the US f a i l s t o adopt measures t o
s t o p the encouragement of i l l e g a l d e p a r t u r e s from Cuba, he would
a l l o w open i m m i g r a t i o n . S t a t e issued a statement on F r i d a y
evening condemning h i s comments.
Sandy Berger c h a i r e d an i n t e r a g e n c y meeting on Saturday and
Monday evening at the White House t o d i s c u s s c o n t i n g e n c y plans i n
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l i g h t o f p o s s i b l e massive o u t f l o w s .
There are no signs o f any boats
from Cuba d e t e c t e d today.
Key Themes
The o v e r r i d i n g US o b j e c t i v e i n Cuba i s a p e a c e f u l
t r a n s i t i o n t o democracy.
In Cuba, we seek t o promote a p e a c e f u l democratic
t r a n s i t i o n t h r o u g h a t w o - t r a c k p o l i c y , embodied i n t h e
Cuban Democracy Act, o f i s o l a t i n g t h e Castro regime
w h i l e r e a c h i n g o u t t o t h e Cuban people w i t h
humanitarian a i d .
We b e l i e v e t h a t t h e economic embargo c o n t i n u e s t o serve
as i m p o r t a n t leverage i n our e f f o r t s t o promote
democratic p o l i t i c a l change i n Cuba.
Our embargo p o l i c y w i l l remain i n p l a c e u n t i l Cuba
adopts i n t e r n a l democratic reforms, most i m p o r t a n t l y
f r e e and f a i r e l e c t i o n s under i n t e r n a t i o n a l
o b s e r v a t i o n , and r e s p e c t s human r i g h t s .
I n t h e meantime, we are encouraging i n c r e a s e d peopleto-people exchange, i n c l u d i n g enhanced
telecommunications, h u m a n i t a r i a n a i d t h r o u g h nongovernmental o r g a n i z a t i o n s and a f r e e r f l o w o f i d e a s .
Points
We are deeply concerned about r e c e n t statements by F i d e l
Castro.
We w i l l n o t p e r m i t F i d e l Castro t o d i c t a t e our i m m i g r a t i o n
p o l i c y o r t o c r e a t e a r e p l a y o f t h e M a r i e l boat l i f t , a
c y n i c a l move on t h e p a r t o f Castro i n 1980.
We urge t h e Cuban government t o c o n s i d e r a l l t h e
i m p l i c a t i o n s o f such i n c i t e m e n t . We a l s o urge t h e c i t i z e n s
of Cuba and t h e i r r e l a t i v e s i n t h e US t o remain calm and n o t
t o p a r t i c i p a t e i n t h i s p l o y o f t h e Cuban Government.
We c a l l on t h e Cuban Government t o r e f r a i n from t h e use o f
f o r c e a g a i n s t i t s own people.
0
HAITI
Background
The UN S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l voted on J u l y 31 -- 12 t o 0 w i t h two
a b s t e n t i o n s -- t o a l l o w necessary means t o implement t h e
Governor's I s l a n d Accord.
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By a vote o f 100-0 on August 3, t h e Senate approved an amendment
by Senator Dole t o t h e e f f e c t t h a t t h e UN r e s o l u t i o n does n o t
c o n s t i t u t e a u t h o r i z a t i o n f o r deployment o f US armed f o r c e s under
A r t i c l e I o f t h e C o n s t i t u t i o n o r t h e War Powers A c t .
Coast Guard rescued
88 H a i t i a n s on F r i d a y ; none over t h e weekend.
I n r e p o r t s on p u r p o r t e d d i s c u s s i o n s a t a P r i n c i p a l ' s Meeting on
August 2, t h e New York Times s a i d t o p o f f i c i a l s were d i v i d e d on
whether t o s e t a d e a d l i n e f o r an i n v a s i o n , and t h e Washington
Post s a i d t h e o f f i c i a l s concluded t h a t an i n v a s i o n should not
occur b e f o r e mid-September.
I n o t h e r s t o r i e s : t h e Washington Post r e p o r t e d t h a t some 500
H a i t i a n s who have been c l e a r e d f o r t r a v e l t o t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s as
refugees are s t r a n d e d i n H a i t i , and t h a t A r g e n t i n a had abandoned
plans t o p r o v i d e t r o o p s f o r an i n v a s i o n ; and t h e New York Times
r e p o r t e d t h e US has abandoned e f f o r t s t o use safe havens beyond
Guantanamo i n l i g h t o f reduced numbers o f m i g r a n t s .
Human R i g h t s V i o l a t i o n s
On A p r i l 18, s o l d i e r s opened f i r e on s l u m - d w e l l e r s i n a p r o A r i s t i d e area o f Gonaives (GO-NIGH-EEV), k i l l i n g as many as
30 .
On May 23, a dozen gunmen hunted down and b r u t a l l y k i l l e d
f o u r A r i s t i d e s u p p o r t e r s i n C i t e S o l e i i (SEE-TAY SO-LAY),
and on May 27.
On June 30, t h e bodies o f f i v e men appeared on t h e s t r e e t s
of P o r t - a u - P r i n c e , a l l shot w i t h t h e i r hands t i e d behind
t h e i r backs.
And on August 1, armed men a r r i v e d a t our refugee p r o c e s s i n g
c e n t e r i n P o r t - a u - P r i n c e , h e l d s e v e r a l refugee a p p l i c a n t s on
the ground and beat them, took away t h r e e a p p l i c a n t s .
And j u s t l a s t month, our Embassy i n H a i t i l o c a t e d new graves
of a dozen young men who had been shot and h a s t i l y b u r i e d
under s u s p i c i o u s circumstances.
Key
Points
The U.N. vote says c l e a r l y t h a t t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community
w i l l no longer t o l e r a t e t h e r e i g n o f t e r r o r -- p o l i t i c a l
k i l l i n g s , rape, m u t i l a t i o n -- being p e r p e t r a t e d on t h e
people o f H a i t i by t h e m i l i t a r y l e a d e r s who have s e i z e d
power.
The U.N. r e s o l u t i o n g i v e s t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community a l l
the t o o l s i t needs t o r e s t o r e democracy, i n c l u d i n g t h e use
of f o r c e . That o p t i o n i s on t h e t a b l e .
There i s no d e a d l i n e b u t time i s r u n n i n g out f o r t h e
m i l i t a r y l e a d e r s t o s t e p down v o l u n t a r i l y .
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Points
( I f asked whether you w i l l seek p r i o r Congressional
Resolution approval:)
UNSC
We w i l l be c o n s u l t i n g c l o s e l y w i t h t h e Congress as we move
f o r w a r d on H a i t i .
( I f asked why t h e L a t i n American c o u n t r i e s oppose t h e UNSC
r e s o l u t i o n a u t h o r i z i n g use o f f o r c e t o r e s o l v e t h e H a i t i a n
crisis:)
The UNSC r e s o l u t i o n s e t a precedent -- f o r t h e f i r s t time
ever t h e S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l a u t h o r i z e d Chapter 1 peacekeeping
a c t i o n i n t h e Western Hemisphere.
In t h e S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l v o t e , A r g e n t i n a supported t h e
r e s o l u t i o n while B r a z i l abstained.
The Caribbean c o u n t r i e s
and s e v e r a l C e n t r a l American s t a t e s have now s t a t e d t h e i r
support.
Concern among o t h e r s t a t e s r e g a r d i n g t h e p r i n c i p l e o f
n o n i n t e r v e n t i o n i s misplaced.
The m u l t i n a t i o n a l m i l i t a r y
a c t i o n a u t h o r i z e d by t h i s r e s o l u t i o n would, i n f a c t , r e s t o r e
the s o v e r e i g n t y and p r o t e c t t h e i n t e r e s t s o f t h e H a i t i a n
people c u r r e n t l y oppressed by t h e i l l e g i t i m a t e m i l i t a r y
rulers .
The second concern many expressed was t h a t o t h e r measures -s a n c t i o n s and n e g o t i a t i o n s -- have n o t y e t been exhausted.
We agree t h a t t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community must c o n t i n u e t o
work t o make s a n c t i o n s f u l l y e f f e c t i v e .
That i s t h e c e n t r a l
focus o f my e f f o r t s i n H a i t i a t t h i s t i m e . On n e g o t i a t i o n s ,
I b e l i e v e t h a t m i l i t a r y i n t r a n s i g e n c e over t h e l a s t 18
months has demonstrated t h a t t h i s avenue has indeed been
exhausted.
( I f asked whether we have abandoned t h e safe havens) :
The s t o r y i s n o t t r u e . We have reached agreement w i t h t h r e e
c o u n t r i e s and are now c o n s i d e r i n g which a l t e r n a t i v e s t o
pursue i n terms o f c o s t , c a p a c i t y and prompt a v a i l a b i l i t y .
( I f asked why H a i t i a n s are stranded
i n Haiti):
We have made a l l t h e necessary arrangements t o c h a r t e r
f l i g h t s o u t o f H a i t i f o r refugees and we await approval
the de f a c t o a u t h o r i t i e s , which has n o t y e t been
forthcoming.
from
This i s s u e i s o f s e r i o u s concern t o us and must be r e s o l v e d
speedily.
The a u t h o r i t i e s should know t h a t i t i s i n t h e i r i n t e r e s t t o
•permit such f l i g h t s f o r approved refugees and they would be
w e l l advised n o t t o i n t e r f e r e w i t h f l i g h t arrangements.
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( I f asked i f A r g e n t i n a has abandoned plans t o p r o v i d e t r o o p s f o r
an i n v a s i o n ) :
The s t o r y i s n o t c o r r e c t . We have r e c e i v e d assurances
the A r g e n t i n e government t h a t i t c o n t i n u e s t o
a c t i v e l y consider p a r t i c i p a t i o n .
from
[ I f asked about t h e r e p o r t s on t h e P r i n c i p a l ' s M e e t i n g ) :
I do n o t t h i n k i t wise t o discuss c o n f i d e n t i a l d e l i b e r a t i o n s
on n a t i o n a l s e c u r i t y m a t t e r s i n p u b l i c .
( I f asked about r e p o r t s o f P r e s i d e n t C a r t e r t r a v e l l i n g t o H a i t i ) :
I do n o t know o f any p l a n f o r former P r e s i d e n t C a r t e r t o
travel to Haiti.
c
BOSNIA
Background
In response t o i n c r e a s i n g v i o l a t i o n s o f t h e Sarajevo e x c l u s i o n
zone, NATO a i r c r a f t a t t a c k e d a Bosnian Serb t a r g e t on August 5.
A f t e r a US A-10 d e s t r o y e d an a n t i - t a n k weapon, t h e Bosnian Serbs
s a i d they would r e t u r n weapons taken from a UN c o l l e c t i o n s i t e i n
t h e i r l a t e s t v i o l a t i o n o f t h e e x c l u s i o n zone.
The Contact Group m i n i s t e r s agreed i n t h e i r meeting i n Geneva on
J u l y 30 t o t i g h t e n s a n c t i o n s a g a i n s t t h e Bosnian Serbs and t o
s t r e n g t h e n t h e safe area regime once p l a n n i n g has been completed
t o p r o t e c t UNPROFOR t r o o p s .
Serbia announced on August 4 t h a t i t was b r e a k i n g a l l p o l i t i c a l
and economic t i e s w i t h t h e Bosnian Serbs. Only t r a d e i n food,
c l o t h i n g and medical s u p p l i e s would be a l l o w e d .
We are c o n s u l t i n g w i t h t h e Contact
r e s o l u t i o n on new s a n c t i o n s .
Key
Group on a S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l
Points
The NATO a i r a t t a c k demonstrated t h e f i r m r e s o l v e o f t h e
U n i t e d States and t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community.
peace
Once again, I c a l l upon t h e Bosnian Serbs t o accept t h e
p r o p o s a l p u t forward by t h e Contact Group.
I f they c o n t i n u e t o r e j e c t t h e p r o p o s a l , t h e Contact Group,
w i t h t h e f u l l support o f t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s , w i l l c o n t i n u e t o
pursue t i g h t e n e d enforcement o f s a n c t i o n s a g a i n s t Bosnian
Serb t e r r i t o r y and f i n a l p l a n n i n g f o r s t r i c t enforcement and
e x t e n s i o n o f e x c l u s i o n zones.
As t h e Contact Group has a l s o s t a t e d c l e a r l y , i f t h e Bosnian
Serbs c o n t i n u e t o r e j e c t t h e p r o p o s a l , a d e c i s i o n by t h e UN
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unavoidable.
Points
I have s a i d b e f o r e t h a t t h e r e would be consequences i f t h e
Bosnian Serbs r e j e c t e d our p r o p o s a l . So I welcome t h e
Contact Group's a c t i o n .
Our e f f o r t t o achieve a n e g o t i a t e d s e t t l e m e n t i s c o n t i n u i n g
t o move ahead.
We a r e c o n s u l t i n g a t t h e U n i t e d Nations on a new r e s o l u t i o n
t o extend s a n c t i o n s and t i g h t e n enforcement o f e x i s t i n g
sanctions.
•
We a r e n o t prepared t o a l l o w t h e c u r r e n t s i t u a t i o n -- i n
which t h e v i c t i m i s p e n a l i z e d u n f a i r l y and denied t h e r i g h t
t o defend h i m s e l f -- t o c o n t i n u e w i t h o u t some remedy.
RWANDA
Background
US t r o o p s are deployed
operational.
a t K i g a l i and t h e a i r p o r t i s now 24-hour
We have sent a Report t o Congress on t h e deployment o f t r o o p s t o
Congress c o n s i s t e n t w i t h t h e War Powers R e s o l u t i o n .
The press i s r e p o r t i n g t h a t t h e new government i n Rwanda wants t o
push ahead w i t h war crimes t r i a l s , p o s s i b l y w i t h o u t t h e UN; t h a t
r e t u r n i n g Hutus are being k i l l e d ; and t h a t Hutu s o l d i e r s i n Goma
are rearming, l o o t i n g and warning t h e i r k i n a g a i n s t r e t u r n i n g .
Key
Points
A l l Americans have been deeply moved by t h e p l i g h t o f t h e
Rwandan refugees.
We have responded s w i f t l y and m a s s i v e l y
t o what c o u l d be t h e worst h u m a n i t a r i a n d i s a s t e r i n a
generation.
We b e l i e v e we are t u r n i n g t h e c o r n e r .
Roads t h a t were l i n e d
w i t h dead bodies a few days ago are now f i l l e d w i t h people
c a r r y i n g water.
The U n i t e d States has p r o v i d e d t h e b u l k o f t h e a i d f o r t h i s
c r i s i s , more than any o t h e r c o u n t r y . Americans are a
generous people.
They should f e e l proud o f what t h e i r
c o u n t r y and t h e men and women o f t h e i r armed s e r v i c e s are
doing.
Points
Since we began on J u l y 21, we have d e l i v e r e d over 4300 tons
of equipment, food, water, and medicine.
So f a r , t h e U n i t e d States has p r o v i d e d some 40 percent o f
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a l l a i d f o r Rwanda, f a r more than any o t h e r c o u n t r y . I f
Congress approves, we w i l l be p r o v i d i n g c l o s e t o h a l f a
b i l l i o n dollars i n aid.
The US i s c u r r e n t l y producing about 360,000 g a l l o n s o f safe
water a day and when combined w i t h t h e work o f o t h e r s , we
are p r o d u c i n g almost 900,000 g a l l o n s o f safe water a day
w i t h a goal o f i n c r e a s i n g o u t p u t f u r t h e r .
We have conducted over 300 f l i g h t s o f U.S. m i l i t a r y
d e l i v e r i n g a i d since J u l y 21.
aircraft
We have t u r n e d Goma and K i g a l i i n t o 24-hour-a-day a i r p o r t s
and are d e l i v e r i n g a r o u n d - t h e - c l o c k .
We a r e a l s o moving s u p p l i e s i n by sea.
But more needs t o be done. This cannot be t h e j o b o f t h e US
Government alone.
I n d i v i d u a l American c i t i z e n s and American
c o r p o r a t i o n s must a l s o g e t i n v o l v e d .
Troops t o K i g a l i
When we moved i n t o Entebbe and Goma, we r e a l i z e d t h a t we
c o u l d not g e t enough water, food, medicine, equipment and
people i n q u i c k l y u s i n g those two a i r p o r t s no m a t t e r how
e f f i c i e n t we were. K i g a l i i s c l o s e r and b i g g e r than Goma.
The m i s s i o n c o n t i n u e s t o be h u m a n i t a r i a n a s s i s t a n c e . Our
t r o o p s w i l l n o t be i n v o l v e d i n peacekeeping. They w i l l ,
however, be equipped f o r s e l f - d e f e n s e .
I f over t h e next week o r so t h e UN and p r i v a t e agencies
expand t h e i r o p e r a t i o n s a t K i g a l i and i f t h e s e c u r i t y
remains s t a b l e , then we w i l l l o o k a t expanding US o p e r a t i o n s
there.
The d e c i s i o n on t h i s second phase has n o t been made and w i l l
not be made u n t i l we can e v a l u a t e what happens i n t h e f i r s t
phase.
We do not know how long t h e m i s s i o n w i l l l a s t , b u t we a r e
committed t o s t a y i n g u n t i l t h e immediate c r i s i s ends.
( I f asked about War Powers:) We have p r o v i d e d a Report t o
Congress on t h e deployment o f U.S. f o r c e s t o Rwanda
c o n s i s t e n t w i t h t h e War Powers R e s o l u t i o n .
( I f asked about r e p o r t s t h a t US t r o o p s c o u l d be i n Rwanda
f o r a year o r more:) S e c r e t a r y Perry was misquoted on t h a t .
He was t a l k i n g about how long t h e o v e r a l l h u m a n i t a r i a n
m i s s i o n might l a s t , n o t how long US t r o o p s would remain.
( I f pressed, we suggest you r e s i s t l a y i n g down a p r e c i s e
time frame f o r t h e US t r o o p commitment. I n b r i e f i n g t h e
press, S h a l i p u t i t a t "weeks, p r o b a b l y months.") I can't
put a s p e c i f i c time on how long our m i l i t a r y personnel w i l l
be i n Rwanda. We have n o t y e t made a d e c i s i o n on t h e second
phase o f t h i s o p e r a t i o n and we can't do t h a t u n t i l we can
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e v a l u a t e t h e f i r s t phase a t K i g a l i .
Recognition
I have decided t o recognize t h e Rwandan government. I based
my d e c i s i o n on:
Our c o n v e r s a t i o n s w i t h t h e a c t i n g government t h a t
they w i l l broaden t h e i r base, respect human r i g h t s , and
support n a t i o n a l r e c o n c i l i a t i o n , and
The
f a c t t h a t they c o n t r o l t h e c o u n t r y and w i l l
cooperate
i n the r e l i e f
effort.
War Crimes T r i a l s
We agree t h a t t h e w o r l d should a c t s w i f t l y on those
r e s p o n s i b l e f o r g e n o c i d a l k i l l i n g s i n Rwanda. And we've
sponsored e f f o r t s by t h e UN S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l and Human
Rights Commission t o s e t up t h e r i g h t mechanisms.
We urge t h e new government i n Rwanda t o work w i t h t h e
i n t e r n a t i o n a l community t o assure t h a t t h e process s u p p o r t s
j u s t i c e , not revenge.
MILITARY READINESS
Background
S e c r e t a r y Perry and General S h a l i k a s h v i l i appeared b e f o r e t h e
House A p p r o p r i a t i o n s Defense Subcommittee on August 4. They
t e s t i f i e d t h a t unless Congress takes q u i c k a c t i o n on t h e
emergency supplemental request f o r $270 m i l l i o n f o r Rwanda
o p e r a t i o n s and $800 m i l l i o n f o r H a i t i - r e l a t e d o p e r a t i o n s , t h e US
m i l i t a r y w i l l be f o r c e d t o c u r t a i l r o u t i n e t r a i n i n g and
acquisition activities.
These c o u l d i n c l u d e a i r c r a f t f l y i n g o p e r a t i o n s , s h i p t r a i n i n g
e x e r c i s e s , procurement o f spare p a r t s and equipment, removal o f
equipment from Europe a s s o c i a t e d w i t h t h e US drawdown, and
r e l e a s e o f temporary c i v i l i a n employees. Perry emphasized t h a t
he would attempt t o a v o i d measures t h a t would i m p a i r long term
readiness o r undercut t h e Armed Forces' a b i l i t y t o respond t o an
immediate c r i s i s .
Points
I am very concerned about t h i s budgetary s i t u a t i o n . And I
d e f i n i t e l y want t o a v o i d having t o implement t h e cost saving
measures S e c r e t a r y Perry and General S h a l i k a s h v i l i o u t l i n e d .
I urge t h e Congress t o take q u i c k a c t i o n on t h e supplemental
and t h e reprogramming r e q u e s t .
I should emphasize, however, t h a t any e f f e c t on m i l i t a r y
readiness would be l i m i t e d s i n c e a t t h e s t a r t o f t h e new
f i s c a l year we would have t h e funds t o r e s t o r e any c u t s i n
t r a i n i n g , r e p a i r and maintenance.
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MIDDLE EAST
Background
The Senate/House Conference on A p p r o p r i a t i o n s approved $99
m i l l i o n i n debt f o r g i v e n e s s f o r Jordan.
This w i l l buy down some
$190-200 m i l l i o n o f Jordan's $700 m i l l i o n debt t o t h e USG. The
Conference a l s o approved language t h a t would a l l o w us t o p r o v i d e
Jordan w i t h spare p a r t s and ammunition from excess defense
stocks.
S e c r e t a r y C h r i s t o p h e r i s on a t r i p t o t h e Middle
Key
East.
Points
I am proud o f t h e h i s t o r i c steps we have taken t o promote
peace i n t h e Middle East.
The path o f peace l e d once again through t h e White House,
when I s r a e l and Jordan ended t h e i r s t a t e o f b e l l i g e r e n c y and
d e c l a r e d t h a t t h e i r mutual goal i s a peace t r e a t y .
But we s t i l l have work b e f o r e us. S e c r e t a r y C h r i s t o p h e r i s
again i n t h e r e g i o n soon t o work f o r a b r e a k t h r o u g h on
Syria.
JORDAN:
DEBT FORGIVENESS
I am pleased t h a t Congress i s moving t o a p p r o p r i a t e $99
m i l l i o n i n debt f o r g i v e n e s s f o r Jordan.
This w i l l enable us
t o w r i t e o f f more than $190 m i l l i o n o f Jordan's $700 m i l l i o n
debt.
I am g r a t e f u l t o Congress f o r moving so q u i c k l y t o
support King Hussein's d e c i s i o n t o end t h e war w i t h I s r a e l .
I am committed t o working w i t h Congress t o w r i t e o f f a l l
Jordan's debt as i t proceeds f o r w a r d t o a peace t r e a t y w i t h
Israel.
As Middle Eastern l e a d e r s take r i s k s f o r peace, i t ' s
i m p o r t a n t t h a t we support them i n ways t h a t w i l l b r i n g home
the b e n e f i t s o f peace t o t h e i r people.
JORDAN:
ARAB BOYCOTT
Jordan and I s r a e l have ended t h e i r c o n f l i c t . They have
agreed i n t h e Washington D e c l a r a t i o n t o prepare f o r
b i l a t e r a l cooperation including the a b o l i t i o n of a l l
economic b o y c o t t s . This agreement c l e a r l y demonstrates
the b o y c o t t has become a t h i n g o f t h e p a s t .
JORDAN:
MOHAMMED ABEQUA CASE
We do n o t have an e x t r a d i t i o n
treaty
w i t h Jordan b u t
King Hussein has agreed t o help r e s o l v e t h i s problem.
The s i s t e r o f t h e v i c t i m i s now i n Jordan and we hope
t h a t i t w i l l a l l work o u t .
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PEACE PROCESS
I am committed t o a c h i e v i n g a comprehensive s e t t l e m e n t
t o t h e A r a b - I s r a e l i c o n f l i c t . When King Hussein and
Prime M i n i s t e r were here f o r t h e i r meeting, I spoke
w i t h P r e s i d e n t Asad t o r e a f f i r m my d e d i c a t i o n t o
working f o r a b r e a k t h r o u g h on t h e S y r i a n n e g o t i a t i n g
track.
We are convinced t h a t t h e p a r t i e s are determined t o
pursue t h e p o s s i b i l i t y o f peace and I am h o p e f u l t h a t a
b r e a k t h r o u g h w i t h S y r i a can take p l a c e t h i s year.
PEACEKEEPING ROLE FOR U.S. FORCES ON THE GOLAN
We have s t a t e d our w i l l i n g n e s s t o p a r t i c i p a t e i n
s e c u r i t y arrangements as agreed by t h e p a r t i e s i n a
peace t r e a t y . But they have not y e t requested such
participation.
We w i l l c o n s u l t f u l l y w i t h t h e Congress
before any such commitment o f U.S. f o r c e s i s made.
TERRORISM
Key
Points
I condemn t h e outrageous a c t i o n s i n London, A r g e n t i n a and
Panama, and I convey my condolences t o t h e v i c t i m s and t h e i r
families.
My a d m i n i s t r a t i o n i s committed t o d e a l i n g w i t h t e r r o r i s m
aggressively.
From t h e s t a r t o f my A d m i n i s t r a t i o n , we have acted q u i c k l y
t o b r i n g t e r r o r i s t s t o j u s t i c e , and we are working w i t h our
f r i e n d s and a l l i e s t h r o u g h o u t t h e w o r l d t o p r e v e n t f u t u r e
attacks.
Points
Moments a f t e r t a k i n g o f f i c e , I was faced w i t h t h e World
Trade Center bombing. We moved a g g r e s s i v e l y t o apprehend
those i n v o l v e d and those who f l e d overseas.
We s u c c e s s f u l l y f o i l e d a second t e r r o r i s t o p e r a t i o n
York b e f o r e t h e t e r r o r i s t s had a chance t o s t r i k e .
i n New
We a l s o t a r g e t e d increased resources a g a i n s t those who posed
a f o r e i g n t e r r o r i s t t h r e a t i n the United States.
I e s t a b l i s h e d new procedures t o t i g h t e n border s e c u r i t y and
prevent t e r r o r i s t s from e n t e r i n g t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s . They
i n c l u d e name checks f o r v i s a issuance, checking f o r f r a u d a t
f o r e i g n a i r p o r t s , and reviews a t p o i n t s o f e n t r y i n t o t h e
United S t a t e s .
The A d m i n i s t r a t i o n has a l s o broken new ground by engaging
Russia, Ukraine and Eastern Europe. Many o f these c o u n t r i e s
served as havens f o r t e r r o r i s t s . Now they have become
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campaign a g a i n s t t e r r o r i s m .
We are a l s o working c l o s e l y w i t h our G-7 p a r t n e r s , a l l i e s
and o t h e r governments on t h e recent bombing a t t a c k s .
Recent Bombings
As I have s a i d r e p e a t e d l y , I w i l l n o t l e t t h e enemies o f
peace i n t h e Middle East o r elsewhere d e r a i l t h e peace
process.
We have d i s p a t c h e d a team o f e x p e r t s t o Buenos A i r e s and
Panama t o help i n t h e i n v e s t i g a t i o n s .
We a r e a l s o s h a r i n g i n t e l l i g e n c e w i t h t h e B r i t i s h .
And we a r e t a k i n g s p e c i f i c a c t i o n , which I w i l l n o t d e t a i l ,
to ward o f f t h r e a t s t o I s r a e l i i n t e r e s t s i n t h e U n i t e d
States .
DISCO BOMBING
Background
The Washington Post r e p o r t e d t h a t German o f f i c i a l s claimed t h e
U n i t e d States had delayed f o r a year i n t u r n i n g over i n f o r m a t i o n
c r u c i a l t o t h e e x t r a d i t i o n o f a prime suspect i n t h e 1986 bombing
of a d i s c o i n B e r l i n i n which two U.S. s o l d i e r s were k i l l e d . The
r e p o r t s a i d t h e suspect had been r e l e a s e d by t h e Lebanese.
Points
The
report i s incorrect.
The U n i t e d States p r o v i d e d t h e German government w i t h a l l
the i n f o r m a t i o n we have a v a i l a b l e on t h e bombing.
We have s o l i d r e p o r t s t h a t t h e suspect
Lebanese custody.
i s not free but i s i n
We remain a b s o l u t e l y committed t o seeing j u s t i c e done i n
t h i s case.
NIGERIA
Background
Jesse Jackson has completed h i s m i s s i o n t o N i g e r i a on your b e h a l f
to convey t o t h e government o f General Abacha your concerns over
the absence o f movement toward c i v i l i a n democracy. He met w i t h
Abacha f o r two hours and c a l l e d f o r c o n c r e t e a c t i o n . Abacha
i n s i s t e d t h a t t h e U n i t e d States does not understand i n t e r n a l
Nigerian p o l i t i c s .
Jackson then met w i t h Chief A b i o l a , t h e d e t a i n e d l e a d e r o f some
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o p p o s i t i o n f o r c e s . Jackson r e c e i v e d good press r e p o r t s d u r i n g
h i s t r i p d e s p i t e c r i t i c i s m by some l e a d i n g N i g e r i a n democracy
advocates t h a t Jackson's a s s o c i a t i o n w i t h t h e p r e v i o u s m i l i t a r y
government made him an i n a p p r o p r i a t e emissary.
Meanwhile, the p o l i t i c a l s i t u a t i o n i n N i g e r i a c o n t i n u e s t o
d e t e r i o r a t e , w i t h widespread s t r i k e s , r i o t s and growing e t h n i c
and r e g i o n a l t e n s i o n s .
Key
Points
I c a l l on t h e m i l i t a r y leaders o f N i g e r i a t o r e s t o r e
c i v i l i a n democracy and r e l e a s e those who have been a r r e s t e d
or d e t a i n e d , i n c l u d i n g Chief A b i o l a .
At my request. Reverend Jackson t r a v e l e d t o N i g e r i a t o
d e l i v e r a s t r o n g message t o the c o u n t r y ' s m i l i t a r y l e a d e r s .
He had an e x c e l l e n t and c o n s t r u c t i v e t r i p .
I t i s o f f e n s i v e t h a t the N i g e r i a n government denied v i s a s t o
members o f Congress -- Don Payne, B i l l J e f f e r s o n and Lucien
B l a c k w e l l o f the Congressional Black Caucus -- who wanted t o
show t h a t Americans speak w i t h one v o i c e on t h e need f o r
democratic change i n N i g e r i a . We have r e g i s t e r e d our
deepest concern t o t h e N i g e r i a n government.
The government o f N i g e r i a must not t h i n k t h a t they can
s t i f l e the v o i c e s c a l l i n g f o r democracy by keeping them i n
p r i s o n o r f o r b i d d i n g them t o e n t e r t h e c o u n t r y .
We urge the N i g e r i a n leaders t o r e l e a s e and respect the
r e s u l t s o f the June 12 e l e c t i o n s .
NORTH KOREA
Background
We resumed t a l k s w i t h the North Koreans on t h e n u c l e a r
Geneva on August 5.
issue i n
Kim Jong I I appears t o have succeeded h i s f a t h e r w i t h o u t
challenge.
serious
The Washington Post r e p o r t e d t h a t o t h e r c o u n t r i e s are r e s i s t i n g
t a k i n g North Korea's spent n u c l e a r r e a c t o r f u e l .
The s t o r y i s
i n a c c u r a t e . A number o f c o u n t r i e s are r e c e p t i v e but n e g o t i a t i o n s
c o u l d be h u r t by p u b l i c d i s c u s s i o n .
A North Korean d e f e c t o r t o South Korea c l a i m s North Korea has
f i v e nuclear d e v i c e s .
Most d i s c o u n t h i s c r e d i b i l i t y , i n c l u d i n g
the IAEA.
Key
Points
Our p o l i c y remains unchanged. We seek a non-nuclear Korean
peninsula.
That means North Korea must agree as p a r t o f an
o v e r a l l s e t t l e m e n t t o g i v e up i t s n u c l e a r weapons program i n
a v e r i f i a b l e way and account f o r i t s past n u c l e a r
activities.
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This o v e r a l l s e t t l e m e n t would a l s o end North Korea's
i s o l a t i o n from t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community.
The t a l k s began on F r i d a y . They l a s t e d e i g h t hours and were
b u s i n e s s l i k e and u s e f u l . T h e y ' l l resume on Monday.
Our s e c u r i t y commitments t o South Korea and Japan a r e
unshakable.
Points
I f they address our concerns, we are prepared t o address
t h e i r concerns about s e c u r i t y assurances and s h i f t i n g t o a
l i g h t - w a t e r n u c l e a r program i n t h e c o n t e x t o f an o v e r a l l
settlement,
The North-South summit has been delayed b u t n o t canceled and
the two sides need t o work o u t t h e d e t a i l s .
( I F ASKED about North Korea's spent f u e l ) Ambassador
G a l l u c c i had a p r o d u c t i v e round o f d i s c u s s i o n s i n Japan,
South Korea, China and Russia. I t i s wrong t o say t h a t they
a l l have r e f u s e d t o take spent f u e l rods. The f a c t i s t h a t
we a r e c o n t i n u i n g d i s c u s s i o n s on t h i s and o t h e r aspects o f
the North Korean i s s u e . But I don't want t o g e t i n t o t h e
d e t a i l s of the negotiations.
Defector
The South Korean c a b i n e t has d e c l a r e d t h a t t h e d e f e c t o r ' s
c l a i m was based on hearsay and he had no evidence t o support
it.
The
IAEA has found h i s claims i m p l a u s i b l e .
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
Key
Points
I have o f t e n p o i n t e d out t h a t we cannot be s t r o n g abroad
unless we are e c o n o m i c a l l y s t r o n g a t home. And i f we can't
compete i n t h e g l o b a l economy, w e ' l l pay f o r i t a t home.
That i s why I am pleased we were able t o s e t t l e our
d i f f e r e n c e s on wheat w i t h Canada. I t i s another step on t h e
road t o f r e e t r a d e w i t h our l a r g e s t t r a d i n g p a r t n e r .
Though we p r e f e r t o n e g o t i a t e our d i f f e r e n c e s w i t h Japan, we
w i l l use our t r a d e laws t o ensure f r e e and f a i r t r a d e .
Overall
Let's be c l e a r : This has been t h e b i g g e s t
i n i n t e r n a t i o n a l t r a d e i n two decades.
year-and-a-half
We n e g o t i a t e d t h e NAFTA side agreements and secured
of t h e NAFTA by Congress.
approval
We completed t h e seven-year Uruguay Round GATT n e g o t i a t i o n s
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and i n i t i a t e d t h e Framework t a l k s f o r working o u t our
economic d i f f e r e n c e s w i t h Japan.
We've engaged t h e f a s t e s t growing economies of t h e w o r l d i n
APEC. And we've reformed t h e e x p o r t c o n t r o l system and
freed-up b i l l i o n s o f d o l l a r s o f U.S. e x p o r t s from
unnecessary and expensive e x p o r t l i c e n s i n g r e q u i r e m e n t s .
Canadian Wheat
The agreement l i m i t s Canadian g r a i n i m p o r t s f o r one year,
addressing t h e immediate problem.
Longer term, we w i l l e s t a b l i s h a J o i n t Commission t o examine
each c o u n t r y ' s m a r k e t i n g and support systems.
We agreed t h a t t h e r e would be no a d d i t i o n a l
i n c o n s i s t e n t w i t h NAFTA or GATT.
restrictions
Japan
The i d e n t i f i c a t i o n o f Japan under T i t l e V I I f o r i t s
government procurement p r a c t i c e s does n o t mark t h e b e g i n n i n g
of a t r a d e war. We have a deep economic r e l a t i o n s h i p w i t h
Japan, b u t we have c e r t a i n d i f f e r e n c e s . We would p r e f e r t o
r e s o l v e those d i f f e r e n c e s by n e g o t i a t i o n , i f p o s s i b l e . I f
we c a n ' t , we w i l l use our t r a d e laws t o ensure f r e e and f a i r
trade.
The i d e n t i f i c a t i o n o f Japan under T i t l e V I I s t a r t s a 60-day
n e g o t i a t i n g p e r i o d t o r e s o l v e t h e issue o f Japan's
d i s c r i m i n a t i o n a g a i n s t f o r e i g n producers i n i t s government
procurement o f telecommunications and medical t e c h n o l o g y
p r o d u c t s and s e r v i c e s . I f we are unable t o reach an
agreement d u r i n g t h e next 60 days, s a n c t i o n s w i l l go i n t o
effect.
Uruguay Round
A f t e r seven years o f n e g o t i a t i o n s , we completed t h e Uruguay
Round and are now working w i t h Congress t o pass t h i s
agreement i n time t o implement i t t h i s year. As we have
seen w i t h NAFTA, we don't want t o w a i t on t h e jobs t h a t
exports create.
This agreement i s good f o r America and f o r t h e g l o b a l
economy. When f u l l y implemented i t w i l l add $100-$200
b i l l i o n t o t h e U.S. economy each year and c r e a t e hundreds o f
thousands o f new w e l l - p a y i n g j o b s .
We are working w i t h t h e Congress on t h e implementing
d e t a i l s , and we are making good p r o g r e s s . The Senate
Finance Committee has agreed on a f u n d i n g package (comprised
l a r g e l y o f spending c u t s ) and we are c o n t i n u i n g t o work o u t
the o t h e r d e t a i l s .
On f a s t - t r a c k a u t h o r i t y , we are working w i t h Congress t o
ensure t h a t t h e U.S. can c o n t i n u e t o open markets f o r U.S,
exports.
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I know t h e r e a r e some o u t s t a n d i n g d i f f e r e n c e s , b u t I t h i n k
we can work o u t a b i l l t h a t recognizes t h e l i n k between
t r a d e on one hand, and l a b o r and t h e environment on t h e
o t h e r , w i t h o u t opening t h e door t o hidden p r o t e c t i o n i s m .
On s o v e r e i g n t y , t h i s agreement f o r t h e f i r s t t i m e w i l l f o r c e
our t r a d i n g p a r t n e r s t o l i v e up t o t h e i r o b l i g a t i o n s . I t
w i l l n o t , however, f o r c e us t o change our laws or
r e g u l a t i o n s . Only Congress can do t h a t . We are f r e e t o
m a i n t a i n t h e l e v e l o f h e a l t h , s a f e t y and e n v i r o n m e n t a l
p r o t e c t i o n we t h i n k i s a p p r o p r i a t e .
•
NIS
ESTONIA-RUSSIA
Background
E s t o n i a and Russia have reached
Russian t r o o p s by August 31.
Key
agreement on t h e w i t h d r a w a l o f
Points
The agreement by Russia t o withdraw i t s t r o o p s from E s t o n i a
is h i s t o r i c .
I t means t h a t on August 31 Russian t r o o p s w i l l
have c o m p l e t e l y withdrawn from C e n t r a l and Eastern Europe
f o r t h e f i r s t time s i n c e World War I I .
When I met P r e s i d e n t s Meri and Y e l t s i n i n Europe l a s t month,
I encouraged them b o t h t o meet t o t r y t o s e t t l e t h e i r
differences.
I c o n g r a t u l a t e both men f o r t h e i r v i s i o n and
statesmanship.
This i s a r e a l c o n t r i b u t i o n t o r e g i o n a l s t a b i l i t y i n t h e
B a l t i c s and Europe, and opens t h e door t o a new era o f
normal r e l a t i o n s between Russia and t h e B a l t i c s t a t e s .
G-7 and Russia
I m p o r t a n t steps were taken i n Naples t o promote s t r o n g e r
i n t e g r a t i o n o f Russia and Ukraine w i t h t h e West.
Y e l t s i n i s now a f u l l p a r t n e r i n t h e G-8 p o l i t i c a l d i a l o g u e .
Russian p a r t i c i p a t i o n s t r e n g t h e n s r e f o r m e r s i n Moscow, lends
a d d i t i o n a l weight t o common f o r e i g n p o l i c y p o s i t i o n s .
The U.S. l e d t h e e f f o r t t o g e t t h e G-7 engaged i n promoting
economic r e f o r m i n Ukraine. The G-7 committed t o over $4
b i l l i o n i n c o n d i t i o n a l IMF/WB loans f o r Ukraine. G-7 s t a t e s
a l s o pledged expanded e x p o r t c r e d i t s on a b i l a t e r a l b a s i s .
New Leaders i n Ukraine and Belarus
Our t o p p r i o r i t y i s c o n t i n u e d adherence t o t h e
d e n u c l e a r i z a t i o n program i n b o t h c o u n t r i e s .
We have no i n d i c a t i o n t h a t e i t h e r new regime w i l l back away
from t h e i r n u c l e a r commitments and o b l i g a t i o n s .
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CIA
( I f asked whether t h e Ames r e v e l a t i o n s r e q u i r e a shake-up a t t h e
CIA) :
I have a l r e a d y i s s u e d a d i r e c t i v e t h a t w i l l ensure immediate
c o o p e r a t i o n between t h e FBI and CIA i n a l l espionage cases.
The D i r e c t o r o f C e n t r a l I n t e l l i g e n c e , t h e D i r e c t o r o f t h e
FBI and t h e A t t o r n e y General are a l l committed t o e n s u r i n g
t h a t t h e lapses which o c c u r r e d i n h a n d l i n g Ames w i l l never
happen a g a i n .
I have asked Les Aspin, Chairman o f my Foreign I n t e l l i g e n c e
A d v i s o r y Board, t o i n i t i a t e a comprehensive e v a l u a t i o n o f
the r o l e s and missions o f U.S. i n t e l l i g e n c e .
In t h e a f t e r m a t h o f t h e Cold War, we must e v a l u a t e t h e k i n d
of i n t e l l i g e n c e community we need t o meet our n a t i o n a l
s e c u r i t y requirements i n t o t h e next c e n t u r y .
I n t e l l i g e n c e remains a c r i t i c a l element o f our n a t i o n a l
power.
We must preserve t h e tremendous advantage i t
p r o v i d e s , w h i l e a t t h e same time e n s u r i n g t h a t i n t e l l i g e n c e
does not become a r e l i c o f t h e p a s t .
CC: Non Records
NONRECORD
A d d i t i o n a l Header I n f o r m a t i o n Follows
Date Created: 09-Aug-1994 10:40
D e l e t a b l e Flag: Y
DOCNUM: 018879
VMS Filename: 0A$SHARA19:ZVISF9LTP.WPL
Al Folder: READ
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Message S t a t u s : READ
Date M o d i f i e d : 09-Aug-1994 10:40
Forward Flag: YES
Read-Receipt Requested: NO
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�Joshi, M. Kay
From:
To:
Cc:
Subject:
Date:
Schwartz, Eric P.
Joshi, M. Kay
Steinberg, Donald K.; @GLOBAL - Global Affairs
YOUR REQUEST ON THE RWANDA MEETING
Tuesday, August 09,1994 5:43PM
-CONriDENTIAL
MEMORANDUM FOR KAY JOSHI
Kay:
I've made the fix in the paragraph on the Rwanda summary of conclusions. For your convenience, I've put them
in boldface, but I understand that the boldface might not reproduce in e mail. If not, you can read through the
paragraph and see the changes yourself. There are changes in two sentences.
8. Burundi: State, in coordination with OSD/JCS, will implement the "Burundi Strategy", including finding
facilitators (and, in particular, outside monitors) who will attempt to identify common ground and will thus help to
isolate extremists, replacing French troops in southwest Rwanda with expedited deployment of UNAMIR,
continuing high-level visits (and public statements accompanying them) to demonstrate strong US support for
Burundi's fragile democracy and remind Burundians that the international community is watching, supporting a
refugee conference of regional leaders for Bujumbura, and establishin^Bujumbura airport as a transit and staging
point that would be used by the U.S. military in the humanitarian relief effort. Such relief would be directecfto
Rwandan refugees in Bukavu, Zaire, southwest Rwanda and northern Burundi. State will be prepared to report
on progress on these fronts at the Ad Hoc meeting on August 9. i G ^ OONfl DENTIAL
DECLASSIFIED
CLIN O LIEf^Y
N
PHOTOCOPY
PERE
-
a 13526
�..SECRET
c o o r d i n a t i o n , which should i n c l u d e c o o r d i n a t i o n w i t h NGOs.
(U)
S t a t e w i l l prepare an a c t i o n plan on r e p a t r i a t i o n i s s u e s t K a t
w i l l be c l e a r e d i n t e r a g e n c y and a v a i l a b l e no l a t e r than
Tuesday, August 9. The paper should be c o o r d i n a t e d w i t
and i n c l u d e recommendations on i m p l e m e n t a t i o n of Phase/2
t h e r e l i e f o p e r a t i o n . The paper s h o u l d be informed
d i s c u s s i o n s w i t h UNHCR and c o n t a i n benchmarks t o us£ i n
d e t e r m i n i n g how a c t i v e l y we should encourage r e p a t z r i a t i o n .
4. A d d i t i o n a l Needs: USAID w i l l r e p o r t on c r i t i c a l gaps i n t h e
r e l i e f e f f o r t , w i t h a focus on a n t i c i p a t i n g problems (such as an
outbreak o f d y s e n t e r y ) i n t h e weeks t o come. /USAID w i l l p r o v i d e
o p t i o n s f o r meeting such needs. The r e p o r t / S h o u l d be a v a i l a b l e
no l a t e r than COB Monday.
(U)
5.
will
and
RPF
RPF E f f o r t s t o Create a Safe Environment i n Rwanda: S t a t e
c o n t i n u e t o urge the RPF t o discourage a c t s o f r e t r i b u t i o n
reprisal.
S t a t e w i l l i n s t r u c t Ambassador Rawson t o urge t h e
t o develop r a d i o messages t o thi/s e f f e c t .
-(C-)
6. RPF and UNAMIR: Ambassador Rawson w i l l seek t o r e a f f i r m RPF
agreements t o 1) p e r m i t Francophone c o n t i n g e n t s i n French u n i t s
t o operate as UNAMIR I I u n i t s , / 2 ) a v o i d an RPF presence i n t h e
s a f e area and 3) undertake jpsint p a t r o l s w i t h UNAMIR elsewhere
i n Rwanda.
(O )
1
7. Moroccans: The V i c e / P r e s i d e n t w i l l c a l l King Hassan t o
encourage him t o d e p l o y / t r o o p s t o Z a i r e t o h e l p m a i n t a i n
s e c u r i t y . NSC s t a f f W i l l prepare m a t e r i a l s f o r t h i s phone c a l l .
8. Burundi:
Sta^e, i n c o o r d i n a t i o n w i t h OSD/JCS, w i l l implement
t h e "Burundi S t r a t e g y , " i n c l u d i n g f i n d i n g f a c i l i t a t o r s (and, i n
p a r t i c u l a r , o u t s i d e m o n i t o r s ) who w i l l a t t e m p t t o i d e n t i f y common
ground and w M l thus help t o i s o l a t e e x t r e m i s t s , r e p l a c i n g French
t r o o p s i n southwest Rwanda w i t h e x p e d i t e d deployment o f UNAMIR,
c o n t i n u i n g / h i g h - l e v e l v i s i t s (and p u b l i c statements accompanying
them) to^demonstrate s t r o n g U.S. support f o r Burundi's f r a g i l e
democraay and remind Burundians t h a t t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community
i s w a t c h i n g , s u p p o r t i n g a r e f u g e e conference o f r e g i o n a l l e a d e r s
f o r aojumbura, and establishing a—U-^-S-—m-i-l-i-ta-r-y—presence-at—the
Bu^-umbu-ra_A-i-rport~to--hel-p-in- get^ri-ng-- r e l i f e f t o Rwandan r e f ugees
in/Bukavu, Z a i r e , southwest Rwandp and n o r t h e r n Burundi.
State
^aho.uld\be prepared t o r e p o r t on progress on these f r o n t s a t t h e
Kd Hocjmeeting on August 9. •fCy/
v
6ECRD¥-
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�ECKET EO 13526 3.5c
25 August 1994
Zaire-Rwanda:
Moving FAR U n i t s North to Bunia
3.5c
1. What i s the statue o f the Former Rwandan Army (FAR) i n
eastern Zaire? We b e l i e v e t h a t t h e r e are some 10,000-12,000
s o l d i e r s of the FAR i n eastern Z a i r e who r e t a i n t h e i r personal
weapons. About 10,000 are near Goma i n b a t t a l i o n s i z e camps;
they have r e t a i n e d m i l i t a r y d i s c i p l i n e , t r a i n each morning, and
respond t o s e n i o r command and c o n t r o l . While most o f the FAR's
heavy equipment was siezed when they crossed the b o r d e r l a s t
month, they continue t o c o n t r o l a 37-mm a n t i - a i r c r a f t gun and a
few t r u c k mounted mortars. Most o f the 7,000-8,000 FAR troops
near Bukavu do not appear t o have r e t a i n e d t h e i r weapons and they
are r e p o r t e d l y l e s s d i s c i p l i n e d , more d i s o r g a n i z e d , and l e s s
l o y a l t o t h e i r o f f i c e r s than t h e i r comrades near Goma. EO 13526 3^:
2. Can the FAR be persuaded t o move? Most o f the armed FAR
troops i n Goma probably are committed t o remaining an organized
f o r c e near the Rwandan border i n o r d e r t o more e a s i l y resume
h o s t i l i t i e s a g a i n s t the new Rwandan P a t r i o t i c Front (RPF)
government. They r e p o r t e d l y have r e c e i v e d f o u r months o f s a l a r y
i n advance, are r e c e i v i n g ( p a r t l y through t h e f t o f r e l i e f
assistance) adequate food, water, and medical s u p p l i e s , and l i v e
i n m i l i t a r y - s t y l e t e n t s . FAR u n i t s near Bukavu p r o b a b l y would
a l s o r e s i s t moving, but many s o l d i e r s i n t h i s area are r e p o r t e d l y
s e l l i n g t h e i r weapons t o buy food, suggesting t h a t some might be
w i l l i n g t o move t o new camps t h a t o f f e r e d b e t t e r l i v i n g
conditions. I
'
3.
What i s P r e s i d e n t Mobutu's view?
EO 13526 1.4c
stated
une FAK t r o m r e s u m i n g i i u a L i i i u i e s , uuc we
EO 13526 1.4c
cndc ne wixo. p r e v e n t
EO 13526 1.4c
I M o b u t u has p u b l i c l y
have no s p e c i f i c evidence t h a t he i s a c t i v e l y p u r s u i n g such an
o b j e c t i v e . Mobutu has l o n g - s t a n d i n g p o l i t i c a l and m i l i t a r y t i e s
3.5c
t o the former Hutu regime.
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E.O. 13526
EO 13526 3.5c
�LRCm526_3Jic]
4. Can Mobutu's m i l i t a r y forces f o r c i b l y move the FAR?
Probably n o t . Even i f Mobutu openly supported such a p o l i c y ,
t h e r e a r e o n l y about 2,500 Z a i r i a n troops--perhaps as many as
1,000 from Mobutu's Special P r e s i d e n t i a l D i v i s i o n (DSP)- - i n Kivu.
Z a i r i a n t r o o p s are deployed p r i m a r i l y i n Goma and Bukavu and
r a r e l y t r a v e l t o FAR camps l o c a t e d outside of town. These troops
are i l l - d i s c i p l i n e d , p o o r l y t r a i n e d and l e d , and r e c e i v e l i t t l e
l o g i s t i c a l support; Z a i r i a n troops are l i k e l y r e s p o n s i b l e f o r a t
l e a s t h a l f o f a l l s e c u r i t y i n c i d e n t s near Goma. Z a i r i a n troops
would almost be c e r t a i n l y r e l u c t a n t t o f o r c i b l y attempt t o
redeploy the FAR, f e a r i n g - - c o r r e c t l y i n our v i e w - - t h a t they would
be outmanned, outgunned, and outclassed. The FAR senioy
l e a d e r s h i p does spend considerable time i n Goma and Bukavu,
however, and Z a i r i a n forces would l i k g l y stand a b e t t e r chance of
detaining individual officers. I s j i T
5. Would moving the FAR t o Bunia s i g n i f i c a n t l y undermine
i t s c a p a b i l i t i e s t o renew h o s t i l i t i e s ? Yes. Bunia i s over 400
3cm n o r t h o f Goma on the Ugandan border, s h a r p l y l i m i t i n g t h e i r
a b i l i t y t o conduct operations i n Rwanda. The roads i n the area
are v e r y p o o r - - e s p e c i a l l y d u r i n g the c u r r e n t r a i n y season--and
the town's a i r p o r t probably cannot handle s i z a b l e t r a n s p o r t
a i r c r a f t . There are few Hutus among the indigenous p o p u l a t i o n ,
denying the FAR a n a t u r a l base o f support. 3 5
.c
6. What are the i m p l i c a t i o n s f o r Zaire? P u t t i n g the FAR i n
Bunia would probably have l i t t l e immediate impact on Zaire's
p o l i t i c a l dynamics. Kinshasa would l i k e l y demand t h a t
i n t e r n a t i o n a l r e l i e f agencies provide f o r FAR t r o o p w e l f a r e i n
order t o minimize t h e i r t h r e a t t o the l o c a l community. Mobutu
has s c a t t e r e d thousands of i l l - d i s c i p l i n e d , d i s l o y a l r e g u l a r Army
s o l d i e r s throughout Zaire's i n t e r i o r w i t h no obvious means o f
l o g i s t i c s u p p o r t . Although these troops o c c a s i o n a l l y engage i n
v i o l e n t l o o t i n g t o s u r v i v e , the unrest i s u s u a l l y contained t o
the i n d i v i d u a l town and has had no p o l i t i c a l impact. | 3 5
.c
7. The deployment, however, could p o t e n t i a l l y complicate
Z a i r e ' s r e l a t i o n s w i t h Uganda, which have o f t e n been tense. The
border area has long hosted numerous armed groups t h a t engage i n
cross-border u n r e s t . The FAR, which views Uganda as an enemy f o r
s u p p o r t i n g the RPF, could t r y t o d e s t a b i l i z e President Musevini
as w e l l as l o o k i n g f o r o p p o r t u n i t i e s t o launch a t t a c k s a g a i n s t
Rwanda. Under such circumstances, Uganda might r e t a l i a t e w i t h
cross border a t t a c k s or support t o a n t i - Z a i r i a n groups.
3.5c
EO 13526 3.5c
EO 13526 3.5c
�_SE£fiS3L
EO 13526 3.5c
26 August 1994
Human Rights Abuses by the Rwandan P a t r i o t i c Front
Reports from a range of sources says t h a t forces l o y a l t o
the Rwandan P a t r i o t i c Front are k i l l i n g e t h n i c Hutus, s e i z i n g
p r o p e r t y , and committing other abuses throughout Rwanda. These
r e p o r t s appear p l a u s i b l e t o us. They r e f l e c t both conscious
p o l i c y by the RPF, which dominates the new regime i n K i g a l i , and
serious problems o f d i s c i p l i n e and command-and-control among RPF
t r o o p s . We estimate t h a t a t most s e v e r a l thousand Hutus have
been k i l l e d by RPF troops and supporters — f a r short o f t h e
genocide p e r p e t r a t e d by the ousted Hutu regime against e t h n i c
T u t s i s . Nonetheless, whatever the m o t i v a t i o n , the abuses are
a g g r a v a t i n g the r e g i o n a l refugee c r i s i s by d r i v i n g more Hutus out
of Rwanda and by b o l s t e r i n g r a d i c a l Hutu leaders' claims t h a t ,
because returnees face s l a u g h t e r a t t h ^ RPF's h^nds, they should
remain o u t s i d e the country's borders.
3.5c
Evidence of P o l i c i e s Encouraging Abuses
-- Continued f l i g h t o f refusrees i n t o Tanzania--some 40,000 have
l e f t t h i s month--suggests a systematic RPF crackdown on the
Hutu p o p u l a t i o n o f Kibungo P r e f e c t u r e , which the Front has
c o n t r o l l e d f o r f o u r months.I
EO 13526 1.4c
EO 13526 1.4c
|HutU
refugees' d e s c r i p t i o n s of harsh RPF measures; Tanzanian
a u t h o r i t i e s have been p u l l i n g 20 t o 30 bodies each week from
the Kagera River on the border. Since mid-May we have
r e c e i v e d a steady stream of s i m i l a r r e p o r t s o f RPF b r u t a l i t y
EO 13526 1.4c
We b e l i e v e t h i s behavior represents scorched-earth t a c t i c s by
the RPF i n response t o an ongoing armed t h r e a t . f r o m Hutu
elements i n Kibungo. \~
EQ 13526 1.4c
-- We b e l i e v e t h a t s i m i l a r crackdowns--meant t o encourage T u t s i s '
r e t u r n as w e l l as t o punish Hutus--have taken place elsewhere
Irelief
i n Rwanda. |
EO 13526 1.4c
agencies were not allowed i n t o the eastern p o r t i o n s of Butare
and Gitarama Prefectures d u r i n g most o f J u l y - - a p e r i o d when
d e s t r u c t i o n o r s e i z u r e o f Hutu p r o p e r t y
EO 13526 1.4c
i n the towns o f Butare and Gitarama. This suggests the RPF
wanted no o u t s i d e witnesses of a v i o l e n t r o o t i n g out of
suspected enemies.
3.5c
EO 13526 3.5c
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. 0. 13526
ClINTO
Y PHOTOCOPY
�SECRET
EO 13526 3.5c
I n K i g a l i , according t o press r e p o r t s , T u t s i e x i l e s r e t u r n i n g
from Uganda say the RPF has given them houses and businesses
seized from Hutus. We view t h i s as evidence t h a t the Front i s
a c t i v e l y working t o t i l t the c a p i t a l ' s e t h n i c balance i n i t s
favor.
3.5c
The above a c t i o n s would be c o n s i s t e n t w i t h the RPF's p r a c t i c e
d u r i n g the c i v i l war o f not l e t t i n g c i v i l i a n o r humanitarian
concerns keep i t from o b t a i n i n g m i l i t a r y o b j e c t i v e s .
The
RPF's remorseless s h e l l i n g of Hutu p o s i t i o n s i n K i g a l i between
May and J u l y i n f l i c t e d heavy c o l l a t e r a l losses, i n c l u d i n g
barrages t h a t damaged Red Cross h o s p i t a l s and UN f a c i l i t i e s .
S i m i l a r l y , an RPF mortar a t t a c k on f l e e i n g Hutu t r o o p s i n
Goma, Zaire, i n mid-July set o f f a deadly panicked stampede
among c i v i l i a n refugees i n the t a r g e t zone.
3.5c
RPF leaders have created an atmosphere conducive to abuses
with public pronouncements on the need for " j u s t i c e " on a
massive scale against the authors of the a n t i - T u t s i genocide.
Some have spoken of the need t o a r r e s t , t r y , and punish up to
40,000 mass murderers, and the RPF has c i r c u l a t e d l i s t s w i t h
hundreds of names of suspected r i n g l e a d e r s . |
3.5c
'
Evidence of Oncontrollable Armed Groups
the Rwandan
EO 13526 1.4c
P a t r i o t i c Army's control over i t s troops has shrunk as i t s
strength has swollen past 25,000 from an ear y A p r i l l e v e l of
RPF troops went
10,000.
EO 13526 1.4c
on a spree of r a p i n e and summary executions a f t e r they
captured K i g a l i on 4 J u l y . The RPF regime's announcement t h i s
week of the e x e c u t i o n o f two s o l d i e r s f o r a t r o c i t i e s and the
a r r e s t of 60 o t h e r s i n d i c a t e s t h a t i t i s aware i n d i s c i p l i n e i s
a problem. Prime M i n i s t e r Twagiramungu--not an RPF membersays t h a t the m i l i t a r y ' s d i s c i p l i n e has evaporated and t h a t
Defense M i n i s t e r Kagame may have l o s t c o n t r o l of the f o r c e ,
EO 13526 1.4c
the RPF
has armed r e t u r n i n g T u t s i refugees and g i v e n m i l i t a r y t r a i n i n g
t o n e a r l y every able-bodied T u t s i t o defend a g a i n s t Hutu
r a i d s . These v i g i l a n t e groups have k i l l e d Hutus who have
f a l l e n under s u s p i c i o n due t o t h e i r education, p u r p o r t e d
p o l i t i c a l b e l i e f s , or coveted possessions.
3.5c
Outside of "hot" zones such as Kibungo, we b e l i e v e these
v i g i l a n t e s and u n d i s c i p l i n e d , vengeful s o l d i e r s - - o p e r a t i n g on
their
own-- have been r e s p o n s i b l e f o r the a t r o c i t i e s . This was
almost c e r t a i n l y the case i n the murder of the C a t h o l i c
Archbishop of K i g a l i and other clergymen i n e a r l y June. I t
probably ha s also been t r u e of reported massacres of Hutu
v i l l a g e r s a long the edge of the former French s e c u r i t y zone i n
southwester n Rwanda and apparent k i l l i n g s of some r e t u r n i n g
refugees i n Gisenyi P r e f e c t u r e . | 3.5c
EO 13526 3.5c
mNTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�GECRET
EO 13526 3.5c
The RPF may lack the muscle and the p o l i t i c a l w i l l to r e i n i n
freelance T u t s i k i l l e r s .
the d i s p e r s a l
EO 13526 1 4
.c
of RPF troops across Rwanda has g r e a t l y d i l u t e d t h e coiranandand-control exercised by commanders. At the same time, as
long as t h e regime f e e l s under t h r e a t o f a t t a c k , i t i s l i k e l y
t o be r e l u c t a n t t o r e i n in--much l e s s p u n i s h - - i t s e n t h u s i a s t i c
supporters among t h e v i g i l a n t e bands and newly r e c r u i t e d
troops. | 3 5
.c
EO 13526 3 5
.c
�F:\Email\Data_Source\A 1 \Record\CDOO 1 \aug94\049930.html
Page 1 of 1
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
30-Aug-1994 00:47 EDT
MEMORANDUM FOR:
FROM:
(grayw@NSCSTF@OEOB@MSGATE@WHSR)
SUBJECT:
STUFF -- eONFIDEWHM.:
Message C r e a t i o n Date was a t
0 00:00:00
Good morning!
Not much o u t t h e r e t h i s evening. SRB's schedule says Nancy w i l l do t h e
Rwanda meeting on Tuesday. I've l e f t
copies o f t h e package w i t h Nancy and
Dee .
And, t h a t covers i t .
Adios!
A d d i t i o n a l Header I n f o r m a t i o n Follows
Date Created: 30-Aug-1994 00:47
D e l e t a b l e Flag: Y
DOCNUM: 049930
VMS Filename: OA$SHARA4:ZVJN14KUN.TXT
A l F o l d e r : AUG94
Message Format:
Message S t a t u s : READ
Date M o d i f i e d : 30-Aug-1994 00:47
Forward Flag: YES
Read-Receipt Requested: NO
D e l i v e r y - R e c e i p t Requested: NO
Message P r i o r i t y : FIRST_CLASS
DECLASSIFIED
E.0.13526
emlwrll,2
White H u e Guidelines, Scptemtpr 11,2006
os
By/W
NARA, Date.
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�2EA4DE2B.FIN
Page 1 of'
MSMail
DATE-TIME
19 October 94 01:49
FROM
Gray, Wendy
CLASSIFICATION
CONriDCNTIAL
SUBJECT
Subject: STUFF [CONFIDENTIAL.}.
TO
Darby, Melanie B.
Gray, Wendy
Hawkins, Ardenia R.
Hilliard, Brenda I .
Joshi, M. Kay
Millison, Cathy L.
Wright, Allison M.
CARBON COPY
Itoh, William H.
Reed, James W.
Sens, Andrew D.
TEXT BODY
Good morning!
We received a fax from State this evening requesting Secretary Christopher,
Thomas Donilon, Dennis Ross, Robert Pelletreau, Michael McCurry, Liz
Lineberry and Robert Bradtke be allowed to travel on the President's plane
during the up coming Middle East trip.
Ken Brill was under the impression we would be sending him an agenda for the
Forn Policy Mtg — He knew the subjects and I confirmed with Will that we
would NOT be sending him a copy of the paper itself
Todd Stearns was concerned about the Bosnia portion of the Forn Policy Paper
- says it contains conflicting info. He will stop by in the AM.
We are missing four papers for Lake/Berger on Wednesday:
Rwanda Mtg ~ Susan Rice
Alice Rivlin - Dick Clarke
DCI/DDCi - George Tenet
Hans Blix - Dan Poneman
I think that covers it.
Adios!
DECLASSIFIED
u/^ „
E.0.13526
WhrteHoa^GDidel^SeptemberjlJOM
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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�Page 1 of 1
REB7D63B.FIN
MSMail
DATE-TIME
02 November 94 09:13
FROM
Clarke, Richard A.
CLASSIFICATION
-€ONnDENTIAL
SUBJECT
Subject: How I spent my day in New York ECONFIDENTIAL] -
TO
Emery, Mary C.
Wolin, Neal S.
CARBON COPY
Atkin, Timothy J.
Beers, Rand R.
Brown, Dallas
Clarke, Richard A.
Darragh, Sean J.
Lindsey, Wanda
Norman, Marcia G.
Rice, Susan E.
Richardson, Craig
Rossin, Larry
Roundtree, Beverly J.
Schwartz, Eric P.
Simon, Steven N.
TEXT BODY
FOR BERGER
Readout of meetings with Kofi Annan et al on Tuesday.
1. On Haiti: Kofi can;t get BBG to focus on the Schroeder appointment while
BBG is travelling. He will return around 11 November. Suggest we recommend
to JCS getting Schroeder over here as a TDY advisor to Shali.
They are thinking of a hand over date in early February. USACOM is also
recommending that date to Shali.
They like the idea of an all day conference on the US/UN transition, which
we would host on or about the 14th.
2. On Somlia: They are pleased with the work being done by the three US
planners. The Council should pass the withdrawal resolution this week. They
NEED a decision soon on the US role in the withdrawal.
3. On Rwanda: I'll submit a detailed report to Tony. Bottom line: they
will propose several options to the Council, while we and they together
recruit someone to send a highly capable battalion plus into the Zaire area
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y PERITO
HTCP
�2ED28935.FIN
Page 1 of 2
MSMail
DATE-TIME
22 November 94 15:14
FROM
Wolin, NealS.
CLASSIFICATION
CONriDDffm
SUBJECT
Subject: FW: Readiness Issue for Press Conference [COlffTDENTIAL]'
TO
Hall, Wilma G.
Veit, Kathenne M.
CARBON_COPY
NO CC's on THIS MESSAGE
TEXT BODY
also to go in the fax-to-TL pile. thx.
DECLASSIFIED
E.0.13526
White H ue Guidelines, S pe b r 11,2006
os
e tm e
B y ^ NARA. Datcil/ll/H
From: Bell, Robert G.
To: Berger, Samuel
CC: /R, Record at A l ; @NSA - Nat'l Security Advisor
Subject: Readiness Issue for Press Conference [UNCLASSIFIED]
Date: Tuesday, November 22, 1994 03:06 PM
To recap:
1. Late in FY 1994 several unanticipated contigencies (Cuba, Haiti, Rwanda,
etc.) arose which required immediate funding.
2. In August, Secretary Perry urged Congress to enact supplemental
appropriations at once to pay for these military operations and warned that
unless Congress acted immediately, training would have to be cancelled to
free up O&M funds to pay for the contingencies.
3. In his testimony, Perry itemized exactly which which units would have
their readiness impaired if the training were cancelled. He SPECIFICALLY
named the three active Army divisions that have now been classified "C-3"
for readiness (ist Division, 4th Division and 2nd Armored).
4. Congress did NOT enact a supplemental at once. Instead, it went on its
Labor Day recess and did not enact the supplemental until early October. By
then, the training had been cancelled and the damage to readiness done.
5. Now, with the supplemental bill and the FY 1995 defense authorization
and appropriations act signed into law, we HAVE THE FUNDS to reschedule the
training and RESTORE the readiness. (Perry estimates a "get weH"date of
January-March of next year.
6. One of the reasons we will have the money to do this is because we
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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�Page 2 of 2
2ED28935.FIN
fought for an INCREASE in defense spending in FY 1995 compared to the
enacted FY 1994 level of ONE PERCENT (not adjusted for inflation).
Specifically, we increased the Defense topline (in Budget Authority) for FY
1995 by $2.4 billion and added $11.4 billion back to the defense spending
plan across the FYDP.
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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�••2ED6A9F5.FIN
Page 1 of2
MSMai
DATE-TIME
25 November 94 18:15
FROM
Veit, Katherine M.
CLASSIFICATION
•CONriDENTIAL
SUBJECT
Subject: RE: PC Meeting [CONriDCNTIAL]
TO
Cicio, Kristen K.
Millison, Cathy L.
CARBON COPY
Baker, Jane E.
Darby, Melanie B.
Gray, Wendy
Hawkins, Ardenia R.
Hilliard, Brenda I.
Itoh, William H.
Joshi, M. Kay
Reed, James W.
Sens, Andrew D.
TEXT BODY
Okay per Sandy Berger. thx.
From: Millison, Cathy L.
To: Cicio, Kristen K.; Veit, Katherine M.
CC: /R, Record at A l ; @EXECSEC - Executive Secretary
Subject: FW: PC Meeting tOONriDENTIAfc]
Date: Friday, November 25, 1994 04:56 PM
Kris/Kathy:
Can you run this by Mr. Berger and let me know. Thanks.
From: Rice, Susan E.
To: Millison, Cathy L.
CC: /N, NonRecord at A l ; ©GLOBAL - Global Affairs; ©AFRICA - African
Affairs; @EXECSEC - Executive Secretary
Subject: RE: PC Meeting [CONriDENTIAL]
Date: Friday, November 25, 1994 04:42 PM
I think you should add OMB at least for the Rwanda/Angola discussion. Our
understanding is that on Rwanda, we'll have a substantive discussion of
issues and Angola will be a sitaution update. Please advise if that is not
your understanding.
From: Millison, Cathy L.
To: ©EUROPE - European Affairs; ©GLOBAL - Global Affairs ^ 5 S 5
DU
f (ftdetfoue Guidelines, September 11,200
Byj£A_ NARA, DateOtfoM
D E
CLINTON LIBRARY
E D
�Page 2 of2
2ED6A9F5.FIN
CC: /R, Record at A l ; Cicio, Kristen K.; Hall, Wilma G.; Veit, Katherine M.;
@EXECSEC - Executive Secretary; @VP - VP Natl Security Affairs; ©AFRICA
African Affairs
Subject: PC Meeting [CONFTDFNTT M,]
Date: Friday, November 25, 1994 04:29 PM
I have just been notified by Mr. Lake's office that there will be a
Principals Committee Meeting on Monday, November 28, 3:30 - 5:00 pm in the
Situation Room. Attendance will be Principals plus one. The main topic of
discussion will be Bosnia. We are also letting the agencies know that
Peacekeeping for Angola/Rwanda is a tentative item for the agenda.
The following agencies are being invited:
OVP
STATE
DOD
JCS
CIA
USUN
Any questions, let me know.
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�SECRET
21395
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
WASHINGTON. D.C. 20506
November 26, 1994
INFORMATION
MEMORANDUM FOR ANTHONY LAKE
THROUGH:
RICHARD A. CCCftRKE
FROM:
SUSAN E. ^^fcE/TIM^ATKlN
SUBJECT:
B r i e f i n g Memo f o r P r i n c i p a l s Committee Meeting
Rwanda and Angola, November 28, 4:30-5:00 pm.
On
I n t h i s b r i e f meeting, you w i l l cover t h r e e s u b j e c t s : Rwanda,
Angola, and t h e c o n g r e s s i o n a l c o n s u l t a t i o n s s t r a t e g y t h a t w i l l
accompany t h e A d m i n i s t r a t i o n ' s p o l i c y d e c i s i o n s on Angola and
Rwanda. Rwanda w i l l be t h e most complex o f t h e t h r e e s u b j e c t s
discussed and i s t h e o n l y one r e g u i r i n g an e a r l y d e c i s i o n .
Rwanda
The d i s c u s s i o n paper a t Tab I I o u t l i n e s s i x options f o r dealing
with the s e r i o u s problem posed by d e t e r i o r a t i n g s e c u r i t y i n the
refugee camps i n Zaire and elsewhere i n the region.
The options
are:
1) Two-phased UN m i s s i o n t o e s t a b l i s h temporary
the Z a i r i a n camps ( m o d i f i e d "bubble c o n c e p t " ) ;
safe areas i n s i d e
2) Chapter V I I UN f o r c e t o remove f o r c i b l y ex-FAR, m i l i t i a and
p o l i t i c a l l e a d e r s from t h e camps i n t o t h e i n t e r i o r o f Z a i r e ;
3) Same as Option 2 conducted
m u l t i n a t i o n a l , non-UN f o r c e ;
by one o r more c o u n t r i e s f o r m i n g a
4) Do n o t h i n g ;
5) Provide d a y l i g h t s e c u r i t y t o p r o t e c t h u m a n i t a r i a n workers and
assure food d i s t r i b u t i o n i n t h e Z a i r i a n camps, u s i n g peacekeepers
or c i v i l i a n c o n t r a c t o r s ;
6) Provide d a y l i g h t s e c u r i t y p l u s an i n i t i a l p i l o t p r o j e c t t o
t e s t t h e "bubble concept" d e s c r i b e d i n O p t i o n 1 f o r 30-60 days
u s i n g 1,000 a d d i t i o n a l UNAMIR s o l d i e r s .
Assessing t h e Options:
I n our judgment, Option 1 i s l i k e l y t o be
h i g h l y complex and c o s t l y . The odds o f success a r e s l i m ,
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p a r t i c u l a r l y i n t h e absence o f s u b s t a n t i v e GOR progress towards
p o l i t i c a l r e c o n c i l i a t i o n and e s t a b l i s h m e n t o f c o n d i t i o n s
conducive t o refugee r e p a t r i a t i o n . Options 2 and 3 a r e n o t
v i a b l e , because t h e r e g u i r e d capable t r o o p s w i l l n o t be a v a i l a b l e
i n any reasonable timeframe.
Option 4, doing n o t h i n g , has a
c e r t a i n l o g i c , g i v e n t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community's i n a b i l i t y t o
address t h e most u r g e n t problem -- p r e v e n t i n g resumption o f c i v i l
war -- a t an a c c e p t a b l e c o s t . There i s , however, hope t h a t
c o n c e r t e d i n t e r n a t i o n a l e f f o r t c o u l d h e l p t h e Rwandans t a k e
c o n t r o l o f events and move t o peace. Moreover, i t i s d i f f i c u l t
t o do n o t h i n g i n t h e face o f such a c o m p e l l i n g human t r a g e d y , t h e
p o t e n t i a l f o r r e p e t i t i o n o f genocide, and t h e l i k e l i h o o d t h a t
i n a c t i o n would speed t h e d e p a r t u r e o f NGOs.
In o u r judgment, Option 5 o r 6 makes t h e most sense. They a r e
l i m i t e d , a c h i e v a b l e a c t i o n s t h a t w i l l make some d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e
camps, w h i l e d e m o n s t r a t i n g t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community's
c o n t i n u i n g concern about t h e c r i s i s i n t h e r e g i o n . These steps
would n o t , however, d i m i n i s h t h e p o t e n t i a l f o r renewed c i v i l war.
Nor do they address t h e NGOs' moral dilemma o f p r o v i d i n g succor
t o p a s t and p o s s i b l y f u t u r e k i l l e r s , which t h e y c i t e as a key
reason f o r p o s s i b l y p u l l i n g o u t .
S p e c i f i c a l l y , we recommend t h a t you seek agreement t o t h e
following:
•
The USG w i l l s u p p o r t p r o v i s i o n o f d a y l i g h t s e c u r i t y i n t h e
Z a i r i a n camps by c i v i l i a n c o n t r a c t o r s , i f a v a i l a b l e , funded by
UNHCR. The U.S. would endeavor t o make a v o l u n t a r y
c o n t r i b u t i o n t o UNHCR f o r t h i s purpose ( u s i n g Refugee funds
t h a t a r e a v a i l a b l e ) and encourage o t h e r c o u n t r i e s t o make
similar contributions.
•
I n a d d i t i o n , t h e USG would agree i n p r i n c i p l e t o s u p p o r t a
l i m i t e d temporary expansion o f UNAMIR by 1,000 t r o o p s f o r 3060 days t o p i l o t t h e "bubble concept" d e s c r i b e d i n O p t i o n 1 ,
under t h e f o l l o w i n g c o n d i t i o n s :
-- Capable, w e l l - e g u i p p e d f o r c e s a r e w i l l i n g and
a v a i l a b l e t o take on t h e m i s s i o n and have been
i d e n t i f i e d i n advance.
-- The a d d i t i o n a l t r o o p s must be p a r t o f UNAMIR, n o t a
new UN f o r c e .
-- The UN i s engaged i n c o n s u l t a t i o n s w i t h b o t h t h e GOR
and e x i l e d Hutu l e a d e r s h i p t o b e g i n t h e process o f
political reconciliation.
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-- The GOR has begun t o t a k e c o n c r e t e steps t o
e s t a b l i s h c o n d i t i o n s conducive t o r e f u g e e r e p a t r i a t i o n ,
including:
1. A l l o w i n g UNAMIR r a d i o t o o p e r a t e immediately
and broadcast c o n c i l i a t o r y messages;
2. C r e a t i n g a process f o r s e t t l e m e n t o f l a n d
d i s p u t e s as a m a t t e r o f h i g h p r i o r i t y ;
3. E n t e r i n g p u b l i c and genuine d i s c u s s i o n s w i t h
moderate elements o f t h e ex-FAR and former
Rwandan government t o e s t a b l i s h c o o p e r a t i o n i n
the conduct o f t h e t r i b u n a l e f f o r t and
p o l i t i c a l r e c o n c i l i a t i o n and m i l i t a r y
integration;
4 . A l l o w i n g unimpeded access t o UNAMIR and human
r i g h t s monitors.
- - A c o s t e s t i m a t e has been p r o v i d e d by t h e UN and i s
considered reasonable by USG.
-- Congressional r e a c t i o n has been t e s t e d and t h e r e i s
g e n e r a l acguiescence.
This approach r e g u i r e s t h a t t h e U.S. be a c t i v i s t i n making t h e
o p t i o n work: by r e c r u i t i n g and perhaps t r a i n i n g a capable
m i l i t a r y u n i t , by p r e s s u r i n g and p o s s i b l y r e w a r d i n g t h e K i g a l i
Government, and by expending much o f t h e r e f u g e e account.
Angola
The c e a s e f i r e i n Angola appears t o be h o l d i n g , d e s p i t e i s o l a t e d
s k i r m i s h e s i n o u t l y i n g areas, i n v o l v i n g s m a l l arms. Talks on t h e
m i l i t a r y accords a r e proceeding a t a reasonable pace i n Lusaka.
We expect them t o conclude next week-I
EO 13526 1.4c
I f t h e c e a s e f i r e c o n t i n u e s t o h o l d and t h e m i l i t a r y accords a r e
completed, t h e UN w i l l soon t a k e steps t o shore up t h e c e a s e f i r e .
SRSG Beye has now decided t o deploy t h e c u r r e n t 76 observers i n t o
the f i e l d .
This should occur s h o r t l y . Next, we expect t h e UN
S e c r e t a r y General t o r e p o r t t o t h e UNSC t h a t c o n d i t i o n s a r e
s u i t a b l e f o r t h e deployment o f t h e f u l l complement o f p o l i c e and
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observers (476) a l r e a d y a u t h o r i z e d by t h e UNSC. Then, t h e UNSC
w i l l have t o v o t e t o a u t h o r i z e t h e f u l l UN f o r c e o f a p p r o x i m a t e l y
7,000 e n v i s i o n e d i n t h e Lusaka P r o t o c o l . This v o t e c o u l d come as
soon as December 8, when UNAVEM I I ' s e x i s t i n g mandate e x p i r e s .
As t h e P r i n c i p a l s decided November 7, t h e U.S. w i l l support t h e
e s t a b l i s h m e n t o f UNAVEM I I I , i f a number o f c o n d i t i o n s a r e met.
Those c o n d i t i o n s o f s i g n i f i c a n c e t h a t remain t o be f u l f i l l e d a r e :
s i g n i n g o f t h e m i l i t a r y accords, e s t a b l i s h m e n t o f j o i n t c e a s e f i r e
m o n i t o r i n g mechanisms, c o n t i n u e d maintenance o f t h e c e a s e f i r e ,
f r e e f l o w o f h u m a n i t a r i a n a s s i s t a n c e , and s t r o n g USG e f f o r t s t o
achieve commitment from t h e GRA and UNITA t o help d e f r a y t h e c o s t
of t h e UN m i s s i o n . Once t h e c o n d i t i o n s a r e i n p l a c e , t h e U.S.
would be prepared t o v o t e f o r UNAVEM I I I and s u p p o r t t h e d i s p a t c h
of t h e advance team, HQ and l o g i s t i c s u n i t s . The p r o g r e s s i v e
deployment o f t h e b u l k o f t h e f o r c e would depend on b i w e e k l y
r e p o r t s t o t h e UNSC from t h e SYG t h a t t h e p a r t i e s a r e meeting key
benchmarks i n t h e implementation o f t h e i r accords.
Congressional
Consult.at.ions
The a c t i o n s we t a k e i n t h e coming weeks i n t h e S e c u r i t y C o u n c i l
on Angola and Rwanda w i l l be t h e f i r s t r e l a t i n g t o new o r
expanded UN peacekeeping missions s i n c e t h e e l e c t i o n s . Funding i s
a b i g g e r problem than ever: we w i l l be f o r t u n a t e t o g e t our FY 96
peacekeeping budget reguest. I t w i l l be n e a r l y i m p o s s i b l e , i f
not i m p o s s i b l e , t o g e t any supplemental funds f o r new o r e x i s t i n g
missions.
Beyond f u n d i n g , Congressional Republicans have made c l e a r t h e i r
i n t e n t i o n t o l i m i t U.S. support f o r UN peacekeeping. We a r e
a l r e a d y bound by law t o i n f o r m Congress (whenever p o s s i b l e )
b e f o r e v o t i n g f o r new peacekeeping m i s s i o n s . Beyond t h i s , t h e
Republicans have made c l e a r t h e i r d e s i r e t o r e g u i r e p r i o r
Congressional a u t h o r i z a t i o n b e f o r e we v o t e t o commit U.S. funds
o r t r o o p s t o new UN missions. The support o f Senator Helms and
o t h e r c o n s e r v a t i v e l e g i s l a t o r s f o r UNITA over t h e years may make
i t p o s s i b l e t o persuade them t o support UNAVEM I I I , a l t h o u g h i t
w i l l n o t be easy t o do so.
While we are unlikely to reach broad agreement on fundamental
policy issues, how we approach initial consultations with
Congress on Angola and Rwanda is important. The potential for
more constructive relations will be enhanced by genuine,
substantive consultations that are conducted not only with the
intention of explaining and persuading but also of
listening.
Assuming C o u n c i l a c t i o n on Angola on o r b e f o r e December 8, we
w i l l need t o complete c o n g r e s s i o n a l c o n s u l t a t i o n s i n t h e next t e n
days. I f t h e P r i n c i p a l s agree t o t h e approach above w i t h r e s p e c t
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5
; P
t o Rwanda, we w i l l n o t need t o c o n s u l t w i t h Congress on a new o r
expanded UN m i s s i o n i n Rwanda a t t h i s t i m e . We s h o u l d l e t them
know i n advance t h e c o n d i t i o n s under which we would be prepared
t o s u p p o r t a l i m i t e d expansion o f UNAMIR and, i f these c o n d i t i o n s
e v e n t u a l l y p e r t a i n , conduct genuine c o n s u l t a t i o n s .
You should t a s k NSC/Leg and State/H, working with OSD/Leg., to
c r a f t a s t r a t e g y f o r c o n s u l t a t i o n s by December 2. They should
work with t h e i r r e s p e c t i v e peacekeeping and AF counterparts to
agree on the substantive elements of our approach t o Congress.
Concurrences by:
Dor/st^inberg, B i l l
Attachments
Tab I Agenda
Tab I I D i s c u s s i o n Paper
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PRINCIPALS COMMITTEE
DATE :
LOCATION:
TIME:
21394
MEETING ON RWANDA AND ANGOLA
November 28, 1994
White House S i t u a t i o n Room
4:30 - 5:00PM
AGENDA
I.
Introduction
II.
Rwanda S i t u a t i o n Report
III.
Camp S e c u r i t y Options
IV.
Angola S i t u a t i o n Report
V.
Summary
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P r i n c i p a l s Committee
Discussion Paper
S e c u r i t y i n Rwandan Refugee Camps
ISSUE FOR DECISION:
What i s t h e U n i t e d States p o s i t i o n on t h e UN-proposed o p t i o n s f o r
i m p r o v i n g s e c u r i t y i n t h e Z a i r i a n refugee camps and what t y p e o f
support i s t h e USG w i l l i n g t o p r o v i d e ?
BACKGROUND ON DECISION:
S e c u r i t y i n t h e Camps: Since t h e massive o u t f l o w o f Hutus i n
June and J u l y , r e l a t i v e l y few have r e t u r n e d t o Rwanda.
Hutus have announced t h e e s t a b l i s h m e n t o f a government i n e x i l e ,
begun t r a i n i n g and p r e p a r a t i o n s f o r renewed c i v i l war, and
t e r r o r i z e d refugees who i n d i c a t e a d e s i r e t o r e t u r n t o Rwanda.
No UN f o r c e s a r e i n t h e camps and, because o f r a d i c a l h a r d - l i n e
Hutus, t h e camps have become dangerous f o r r e l i e f workers and
refugees.
R e l i e f o r g a n i z a t i o n s have s t a t e d t h a t t h e moral
i m p l i c a t i o n s o f s u p p o r t i n g those who were r e s p o n s i b l e f o r
c o m m i t t i n g genocide e a r l i e r t h i s year, coupled w i t h d e t e r i o r a t i n g
s e c u r i t y c o n d i t i o n s , may f o r c e them t o abandon t h e i r m i s s i o n . A t
l e a s t one l e a d i n g NGO has a l r e a d y shut down o p e r a t i o n s i n t h e
camps.
C o n d i t i o n s i n Rwanda: There have been some r e p o r t s c r i t i c i z i n g
t h e GOR f o r revenge k i l l i n g s o f Hutus by T u t s i s and l a c k l u s t e r
e f f o r t s t o encourage r e p a t r i a t i o n . The GOR claims i t d e s i r e s t o
i n i t i a t e r e c o n c i l i a t i o n and encourage r e p a t r i a t i o n b u t l a c k s t h e
resources.
RPF t r o o p s have n o t been p a i d f o r s e v e r a l months.
Although t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community has begun e f f o r t s t o c l e a r
Rwanda's I F I a r r e a r s and p r o v i d e support t o key m i n i s t r i e s , no
f i n a n c i a l a s s i s t a n c e has been p r o v i d e d t o date t o t h e GOR.
There have been some e f f o r t s by t h e GOR t o make good on t h e i r
word. Most o f t h e RPA p r e f e c t s , i n c l u d i n g a t l e a s t one c i v i l i a n
h a r d - l i n e r , have been r e p l a c e d w i t h c i v i l i a n s s u p p o r t i v e o f
r e p a t r i a t i o n and s e n s i t i v e t o t h e need t o address Hutu concerns
about p h y s i c a l s e c u r i t y and t h e r u l e o f law. The GOR has made
e f f o r t s t o a r r e s t T u t s i s who conducted revenge k i l l i n g s and i s
d i s c u s s i n g ways t o a v o i d a r b i t r a r y a r r e s t o r d e t e n t i o n o f
i n d i v i d u a l s accused o f p a r t i c i p a t i n g i n t h e genocide.
At t h e same t i m e t h e GOR has n o t : named a p o i n t person on human
r i g h t s ; p r o v i d e d UNAMIR u n l i m i t e d access t h r o u g h o u t Rwanda;
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a l l o w e d UNAMIR r a d i o t o broadcast; i n i t i a t e d s i g n i f i c a n t e f f o r t s
towards m i l i t a r y / p o l i t i c a l r e c o n c i l i a t i o n and i n t e g r a t i o n ; o r ,
e s t a b l i s h e d a process t o s e t t l e l a n d d i s p u t e s .
OPTIONS:
UN Proposals t o Enhance S e c u r i t y i n t h e Refugee Camps: The
r e s u l t o f s e v e r a l UN t e c h n i c a l m i s s i o n s t o t h e r e g i o n , t h e UN
S e c r e t a r y General's r e c e n t r e p o r t on s e c u r i t y i n t h e Z a i r i a n
refugee camps o f f e r s t h r e e o p t i o n s ( 1 - 3 b e l o w ) . The UN has
p r o v i d e d no c o s t e s t i m a t e s .
The UNSC w i l l c o n t i n u e d i s c u s s i o n s o f t h e r e p o r t t h i s week. I t
i s expected t h a t , r a t h e r than a u t h o r i z e any new o r expanded
m i s s i o n a t t h i s stage, t h e UNSC w i l l send a l e t t e r t o t h e SYG
a s k i n g him t o begin a c t i v e t r o o p r e c r u i t m e n t , p r o v i d e c o s t
e s t i m a t e s f o r s p e c i f i c o p t i o n s and r e f i n e h i s concept o f
o p e r a t i o n s . This week, t h e UNSC i s a l s o expected t o renew and
perhaps modify UNAMIR's mandate.
Rwanda w i l l assume Presidency o f t h e UNSC i n December, and we
w i l l t r y t o minimize C o u n c i l a c t i v i t y on Rwanda d u r i n g t h i s
p e r i o d . However, s i n c e i t i s hard t o j u s t i f y d e l a y i n g any f o r m a l
C o u n c i l a c t i o n on camp s e c u r i t y u n t i l January, we may need t o
press t h e Rwandan Perm Rep. t o recuse h i m s e l f when t h e C o u n c i l
takes up t h e SYG's f o l l o w - o n r e p o r t i n December.
O p t i o n One:
A Two-phased O p e r a t i o n t o E s t a b l i s h Temporary Safe
Areas I n s i d e t h e Z a i r i a n Camps ( M o d i f i e d "Bubble Concept"):
This
would be a r o b u s t Chapter V I m i s s i o n r e q u i r i n g 3,000-5,000
mechanized, w e l l - e q u i p p e d , w e l l - t r a i n e d t r o o p s f o r up t o 30
months. I n Phase I , each b a t t a l i o n would e s t a b l i s h temporary
safe zones f o r c i v i l i a n s w i t h i n t h e camps, s e g r e g a t i n g armed
m i l i t a r y / m i l i t i a . The UN f o r c e would f a c i l i t a t e t h e r e t u r n o f
refugees t o Rwanda and p r o v i d e p r o t e c t i o n f o r h u m a n i t a r i a n
operations.
I n a d d i t i o n , t h e UN would s u p p o r t t h e t r a i n i n g by
p r i v a t e c o n t r a c t o r s o r UNCIVPOL o f Z a i r i a n p o l i c e o r u n t a i n t e d
Rwandan Gendarmarie t o t a k e over camps s e c u r i t y i n Phase I I , once
t h e b a t t a l i o n moves on t o t h e next camp.
Also i n Phase I I , a s i n g l e m o t o r i z e d company o f UN t r o o p s would
remain b e h i n d w i t h t h e newly t r a i n e d l o c a l p o l i c e f o r c e u n t i l
each safe area i s c l o s e d . A v i t a l p r e r e q u i s i t e f o r success i s
c r e a t i o n by t h e Rwandan government o f c o n d i t i o n s conducive t o t h e
s a f e r e t u r n o f refugees, i n c l u d i n g access t o Hutu-owned l a n d and
political reconciliation.
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O p t i o n Two; Chapter V I I UN Force t o remove f o r c i b l y former
Rwandan government o f f i c i a l s , s o l d i e r s and m i l i t i a from t h e camps
i n t o t h e i n t e r i o r o f Z a i r e : T h i s m i s s i o n would r e q u i r e 10,000 t o
12,000 e x t r e m e l y capable t r o o p s a b l e t o f i g h t t h e ex- FAR and
m i l i t i a who would r e s i s t s e p a r a t i o n from t h e c i v i l i a n p o p u l a t i o n .
The S e c r e t a r y General argues t h a t moving t h e ex-FAR and m i l i t i a
i s t h e o n l y way t o p r e v e n t resumption o f t h e c i v i l war.
However,
he acknowledges t h e c o m p l e x i t y o f t h e m i s s i o n and t h e UN's
i n a b i l i t y t o r e c r u i t t h e necessary t r o o p s .
O p t i o n Three; Same m i s s i o n as i n O p t i o n 2, conducted by one o r
more c o u n t r i e s f o r m i n g a m u l t i n a t i o n a l f o r c e b l e s s e d b u t n o t
o r g a n i z e d by t h e UN, as i n H a i t i o r O p e r a t i o n Turquoise: The UN
c o n s i d e r s t h i s a more v i a b l e o p t i o n than #2, b u t doubts any
c o u n t r y i s prepared t o t a k e on t h e m i s s i o n .
A l l o f t h e above o p t i o n s a r e p r o b l e m a t i c , b u t t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l
community remains a t a l o s s t o suggest a b e t t e r p l a n t o reduce
the p o t e n t i a l f o r renewed c i v i l war o r f a c i l i t a t e r e p a t r i a t i o n .
•
S u c c e s s f u l e x e c u t i o n o f O p t i o n 1 would pose a s i g n i f i c a n t
c h a l l e n g e even t o h i g h l y capable f o r c e s , which are u n l i k e l y t o
be f o r t h c o m i n g . (Only P a k i s t a n has agreed t o p r o v i d e t r o o p s . )
C i v i l i a n c o n t r a c t o r s c o u l d not be expected t o f u l f i l l t h i s
m i s s i o n . I n s e r t i o n o f UN f o r c e s t o e s t a b l i s h s a f e areas r i s k s
i g n i t i n g open c o n f l i c t w i t h t h e Hutu m i l i t a r y / m i l i t i a , who may
r e s i s t i s o l a t i o n and r e p a t r i a t i o n o f c i v i l i a n s .
Moreover, t h e
chances o f s u c c e s s f u l l y t r a i n i n g " c l e a n " , capable l o c a l p o l i c e
t o assume r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r camp s e c u r i t y a r e s l i m . Most
i m p o r t a n t l y , w i t h o u t genuine p o l i t i c a l r e c o n c i l i a t i o n i n s i d e
Rwanda, which seems remote a t p r e s e n t , t h e r e i s c o n s i d e r a b l e
r i s k i n t r y i n g t o r e t u r n Hutu refugees.
There a r e a l s o s i g n i f i c a n t q u e s t i o n s about t h e S e c r e t a r y
General's concept o f o p e r a t i o n s . For i n s t a n c e , why a r e
h e a v i l y mechanized u n i t s r e q u i r e d ? Are more t r o o p s requested
than a r e necessary? Why must t h e UN e s t a b l i s h a s e p a r a t e l y mandated m i s s i o n f o r Z a i r e , a l b e i t under UNAMIR o p e r a t i o n a l
c o n t r o l and using UNAMIR l o g i s t i c s i n f r a s t r u c t u r e ?
I f t h e P r i n c i p a l s f a v o r Option 1, they may want t o c o n s i d e r
the f o l l o w i n g c o n d i t i o n s :
-- r e d u c i n g t h e f o r c e s i z e t o fewer than 3,000 ( r e c o g n i z i n g
t h i s may extend t h e l e n g t h o f t h e m i s s i o n ) ;
-- e l i m i n a t i n g t h e requirement t h a t the f o r c e s be "mechanized
infantry";
GDCRCT
�-SECRBT
-- making t h e f o r c e s p a r t o f UNAMIR, r a t h e r than a new
mission;
-- a u t h o r i z i n g t h e expanded f o r c e o n l y a f t e r we know t h e r e a r e
capable n a t i o n s w i l l i n g t o do i t ;
-- proceeding w i t h t h e m i l i t a r y "bubble" o p e r a t i o n o n l y i f , i n
p a r a l l e l , t h e Rwandan Government had e s t a b l i s h e d t h e o t h e r
p a r t o f a comprehensive system -- i . e . a p p r o p r i a t e c o n d i t i o n s
f o r the r e t u r n o f refugees.
•
Options 2 and 3 appear t o be v i r t u a l n o n - s t a r t e r s . As t h e
S e c r e t a r y General's m i l i t a r y a d v i s o r noted s a r c a s t i c a l l y l a s t
week, i t would t a k e " f i v e years" f o r t h e UN t o r e c r u i t and
deploy t h e r e q u i r e d f o r c e s . I t i s a l s o u n l i k e l y any capable
c o u n t r y would v o l u n t e e r and f i n a n c e i t s own f o r c e s t o
undertake t h e m i s s i o n .
A l t e r n a t i v e Options:
There a r e a t l e a s t t h r e e o t h e r o p t i o n s n o t
presented by t h e S e c r e t a r y General: 4) do n o t h i n g ; 5) expand
UNAMIR modestly o r h i r e c i v i l i a n c o n t r a c t o r s t o p r o v i d e simple
d a y l i g h t s e c u r i t y f o r h u m a n i t a r i a n r e l i e f workers; o r , 6) p r o v i d e
simple d a y l i g h t s e c u r i t y p l u s i n i t i a t e a s m a l l p i l o t p r o j e c t t o
t e s t t h e f e a s i b i l i t y o f Option One.
O p t i o n Four; Doing n o t h i n g : This would l i k e l y l e a d t o NGOs
p u l l i n g o u t , cause f u r t h e r d e t e r i o r a t i o n o f camp s e c u r i t y and
p o t e n t i a l l y f u r t h e r d e s t a b i l i z e t h e r e g i o n , p a r t i c u l a r l y Burundi.
Furthermore, t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community may f a c e tremendous
c r i t i c i s m f o r t u r n i n g i t s back on i n n o c e n t c i v i l i a n s a second
time.
Option Five: P r o v i d i n g d a y l i g h t s e c u r i t y t o p r o t e c t humanitarian
a s s i s t a n c e workers and assure food d i s t r i b u t i o n t o i n n o c e n t
civilians:
L i k e Option 1 above, p r o v i d i n g d a y l i g h t s e c u r i t y
alone would n o t d e t e r resumption o f t h e c i v i l war nor r e s o l v e t h e
NGOs moral dilemma o f f e e d i n g past p e r p e t r a t o r s o f genocide.
Arguably, i t heightens t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community's c o m p l i c i t y
i n f a c i l i t a t i n g Hutu p r e p a r a t i o n s t o r e s t a r t t h e war.
On t h e
o t h e r hand, p r o v i d i n g d a y l i g h t s e c u r i t y i s an a c h i e v a b l e , i f
open-ended m i s s i o n , which p o t e n t i a l l y c o u l d be f u l f i l l e d by
c i v i l i a n c o n t r a c t o r s h i r e d by UNHCR r a t h e r t h a n peacekeepers. I f
coupled w i t h w e t - f e e d i n g , an expensive and l a b o r - i n t e n s i v e
a l t e r n a t i v e t o p r o v i d i n g s o l i d food (which i s e a s i l y c o n t r o l l e d
by m i l i t i a ) , d a y l i g h t s e c u r i t y c o u l d improve c o n d i t i o n s i n t h e
camps and encourage NGOs remain. Most i m p o r t a n t l y , i t would
enable t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community t o do something, w h i l e
JECRET
CLINTON LlBBAKt-eHOTOCOPY
�5
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a c c e p t i n g i t s apparent i n a b i l i t y t o p r e v e n t renewed c i v i l
a t an a c c e p t a b l e c o s t .
warfare
O p t i o n S i x : A c o m b i n a t i o n o f p r o v i d i n g d a y l i g h t s e c u r i t y p l u s an
i n i t i a l p i l o t e f f o r t t o c r e a t e temporary s a f e areas i n s i d e one o r
two t e s t camps: T h i s h y b r i d s u f f e r s from a l l o f t h e impediments
d i s c u s s e d above. I t would be l e s s a m b i t i o u s and l e s s c o s t l y than
o p t i o n one and would enable t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community t o
determine t h e m i l i t a r y and p o l i t i c a l f e a s i b i l i t y o f encouraging
Hutu c i v i l i a n s t o r e p a t r i a t e , i f g i v e n t h e o p p o r t u n i t y . I t c o u l d
a l s o t e s t t h e GOR's d e s i r e t o c r e a t e an atmosphere conducive t o
repatriation.
The i n i t i a l p i l o t c o u l d m i r r o r t h e r o b u s t Chapter V I m i s s i o n
d e s c r i b e d as t h e "bubble concept" b u t u s i n g o n l y one b a t t a l i o n
f o r a p e r i o d o f 30 t o 60 days i n a p o r t i o n o f one camp.
T a r g e t i n g t h e UN E f f o r t :
The S e c r e t a r y General's r e p o r t s p e c i f i c a l l y addresses t h e need t o
e s t a b l i s h s e c u r i t y i n t h e Z a i r i a n refugee camps. I n t i m i d a t i o n o f
refugees and i n t e r f e r e n c e w i t h NGO e f f o r t s a r e p r e s e n t t o some
degree i n a l l o f t h e camps i n t h e r e g i o n . I t may be d e s i r a b l e t o
t a r g e t any r e p a t r i a t i o n e f f o r t s toward camps i n Burundi o r
Tanzania f i r s t r a t h e r than t h e most d i f f i c u l t camps i n Z a i r e .
S i m u l t a n e o u s l y , a d a y l i g h t s e c u r i t y program c o u l d be i n i t i a t e d i n
the camps where NGOs face t h e most s i g n i f i c a n t t r o u b l e s .
C o n d i t i o n s on t h e Government o f Rwanda:
I t may be d e s i r a b l e t o e s t a b l i s h benchmarks a g a i n s t which GOR
e f f o r t s t o encourage r e p a t r i a t i o n can be measured. These
benchmarks c o u l d i n c l u d e t h e f o l l o w i n g and s h o u l d be met b e f o r e ,
or c a r r i e d o u t i n c o n j u n c t i o n w i t h , a UN e f f o r t t o f a c i l i t a t e
refugee r e t u r n . The GOR should:
a l l o w UNAMIR r a d i o t o operate immediately and broadcast
c o n c i l i a t o r y messages;
c r e a t e a process
of h i g h p r i o r i t y ;
f o r s e t t l e m e n t o f l a n d d i s p u t e s as a m a t t e r
e n t e r p u b l i c and genuine d i s c u s s i o n s w i t h moderate elements
of t h e ex-FAR and former Rwandan government t o e s t a b l i s h
c o o p e r a t i o n i n t h e conduct o f t h e t r i b u n a l e f f o r t and p o l i t i c a l
r e c o n c i l i a t i o n and m i l i t a r y i n t e g r a t i o n ;
a l l o w unimpeded access t o UNAMIR and human r i g h t s m o n i t o r s .
CECnEf*
CLIN O LjmRX^BHOTOCOPY
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U. S. Support
Recruitment:
We have been working w i t h t h e UN t o i d e n t i f y and
assist i n the recruitment of p o t e n t i a l troop contributing
c o u n t r i e s . UNDPKO does n o t expect any c o u n t r y t o s t e p f o r w a r d
unless t h e U.S. a s s i s t s i n an a g g r e s s i v e r e c r u i t m e n t e f f o r t .
While h i g h - l e v e l involvement i n r e c r u i t i n g c o u n t r i e s may be
s u c c e s s f u l , i t might i m p l y t h a t t h e U.S. i s w i l l i n g t o p r o v i d e
more s u p p o r t t h a n i s d e s i r a b l e o r p o s s i b l e .
D i r e c t M i s s i o n Support: U.S. t r o o p involvement i s n o t being
considered.
However, t h e U.S. c o u l d c o n t i n u e t o p r o v i d e l i f t ,
equipment and o t h e r s u p p o r t on a r e i m b u r s a b l e b a s i s .
Congressional
Issues:
We must c o n s u l t w i t h Congress immediately on any d e c i s i o n we may
t a k e t h a t i n v o l v e s expanding UNAMIR o r e s t a b l i s h i n g a new UN
peacekeeping m i s s i o n . We a l s o need t o decide whether we would
a l l o w a h o s t i l e r e a c t i o n from Congress t o change our p o l i c y .
We
l a c k t h e funds t o pay f o r any new o r expanded m i s s i o n and need t o
weigh e s p e c i a l l y c a r e f u l l y a l l d e c i s i o n s on new peacekeeping
missions.
I f progress c o n t i n u e s i n Angola and t h e P r i n c i p a l s
decide t o endorse o p t i o n s 1, 2 o r 6 i n Rwanda, we c o u l d be a s k i n g
Congress t o go along w i t h two new/expanded and expensive
missions.
Congressional r e a c t i o n t o a new Rwanda m i s s i o n i s
l i k e l y t o be n e g a t i v e , g i v e n t h e c o s t , t h e q u e s t i o n a b l e v i a b i l i t y
of t h e m i s s i o n and doubts about t h e sub-region's importance t o
U.S. n a t i o n a l s e c u r i t y .
ODCRDT
CLINTON
T
"CP
O OY
�2EDD384A.FIN
Page 1 of 2
MSMail
DATE-TIME
30 November 94 17:42
FROM
Bell, Robert G.
CLASSIFICATION
UNCLASSIFIED
SUBJECT
Subject: FW: Readiness Issue for Press Conference [UNCLASSIFIED]
TO
Danvers, William C.
CARBON_COPY
TEXT BODY
Andricos, George M.
Blinken, Anthony J.
Funches, Christina L.
For the Dole/Gingrich Meeting
From: Bell, Robert G.
To: Berger, Samuel
CC: /R, Record at A l ; @NSA - Nat'l Security Advisor
Subject: Readiness Issue for Press Conference [UNCLASSIFIED]
Date: Tuesday, November 22, 1994 03:06 PM
To recap:
1. Late in FY 1994 several unanticipated contigencies (Cuba, Haiti, Rwanda,
etc.) arose which required immediate funding.
2. In August, Secretary Perry urged Congress to enact supplemental
appropriations at once to pay for these military operations and warned that
unless Congress acted immediately, training would have to be cancelled to
free up O&M funds to pay for the contingencies.
3. In his testimony, Perry itemized exactly which which units would have
their readiness impaired if the training were cancelled. He SPECIFICALLY
named the three active Army divisions that have now been classified "C-3"
for readiness (ist Division, 4th Division and 2nd Armored).
4. Congress did NOT enact a supplemental at once. Instead, it went on its
Labor Day recess and did not enact the supplemental until early October. By
then, the training had been cancelled and the damage to readiness done.
5. Now, with the supplemental bill and the FY 1995 defense authorization
and appropriations act signed into law, we HAVE THE FUNDS to reschedule the
training and RESTORE the readiness. (Perry estimates a "get we 1 "date of
1
January-March of next year.
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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�Page 2 of 2
2EDD384A.FIN
6. One of the reasons we will have the money to do this is because we
fought for an INCREASE in defense spending in FY 1995 compared to the
enacted FY 1994 level of ONE PERCENT (not adjusted for inflation).
Specifically, we increased the Defense topline (in Budget Authority) for FY
1995 by $2.4 billion and added $11.4 billion back to the defense spending
plan across the FYDP.
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�2EDD3868.FIN
Page 1 of2
MSMai
DATE-TIME
30 November 94 17:46
FROM
Bell, Robert G.
CLASSIFICATION
UNCLASSIFIED
SUBJECT
Subject: FW: Readiness Issue for Press Conference [UNCLASSIFIED]
TO
Danvers, William C.
CARBON COPY
TEXT BODY
Andricos, George M.
Blinken, Anthony J.
Funches, Christina L.
For Dole-Gingrich memo.
From: Bell, Robert G.
To: Berger, Samuel
CC: /R, Record at A l ; @NSA - Nat'l Security Advisor
Subject: Readiness Issue for Press Conference [UNCLASSIFIED]
Date: Tuesday, November 22, 1994 03:06 PM
Readiness and Military Spending:
BACKGROUND:
On November 15, Secretary Perry informed Congress that the readiness
status of three active Army divisions (1st and 4th Infantry and 2d Armored)
had slipped in September to "C-3" - a substandard condition that means the
units could not execute all their assigned missions. Although SecDef made
it clear that this was a temporary situation occasioned by the failure of
Congress to pass a supplemental appropriations measure quickly enough this
fall to reimburse Defense for unexpected contingencies overseas, many in
Congress attacked the Administration for allowing what they saw as a return
to the "hollow force." The funding shortfall that led to this readiness
problem is being corrected using FY 1995 defense appropriations. Future
reoccurrences will be prevented thru the Defense topline increases for FY
1996-1999 you announced with the Joint Chiefs at your meeting on December
1st (Thursday).
TALKING POINTS:
~ Last summer several unanticipated contingencies (Cuba, Haiti, Rwanda,
etc.) arose which required immediate funding by the Defense Department.
— In August, Secretary Perry appeared before Chairman Murtha's defense
appropriations subcommittee and urged Congress to enact supplemental
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�Page 2 of2
2EDD3868.FIN
appropriations at once to pay for these military operations. Perry warned
that unless Congress acted immediately, training would have to be cancelled
to free up O&M funds to pay for the contingencies.
~ In his testimony, Perry itemized exactly which which units would have
their readiness impaired if the training were cancelled. He specifically
named the three active Army divisions that have now been classified "C-3"
for readiness (1st Division, 4th Division and 2nd Armored).
- Unfortunately, Congress did NOT enact a supplemental in time. Instead,
it went on its Labor Day recess and did not pass the supplemental until
early October. By then, the training had been cancelled and the damage to
readiness done.
- Now, with the supplemental bill and the FY 1995 defense authorization
and appropriations acts signed into law, we have the funds to reschedule the
training and restore the readiness. (Perry estimates a "get well" date for
the 3 divisions of January-March of next year).
- One of the reasons we will have the necessary money is because we fought
for an INCREASE in defense spending in FY 1995 compared to the enacted FY
1994 level of one percent (not adjusted for inflation). Specifically, last
year we increased the Defense topline (in Budget Authority) for FY 1995 by
$2.4 billion and added $11.4 billion back to the defense spending plan
across the FYDP. In our FY 95 defense budget we also increased funding for
O&M by 5.7% even though the size of the force was decreasing by 7%. In
other words, the dollars available for readiness purposes in FY 1995 on a
per-soldier basis have been substantially increased.
- And, as I announced after my meeting with the Joint Chiefs yesterday, I
have decided to increase the defense budget over the levels specified in
this year's Budget Resolution for FY 96-99 by $10.5 billion. This increase
will ensure that our defense spending plans will meet our requirement to:
(1) protect readiness, (2) maintain the conventional and strategic nuclear
force postures specified in the Bottom Up Review and the Nuclear Posture
Review, (3) improve the Quality of Life for our military personnel
(including the full pay raise authorized under current law), and (4) fund
necessary modernization programs.
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�
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<strong>Declassified Documents</strong>
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Declassified Documents concerning Rwanda
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2011-0267-M
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This Mandatory Declassification Review contains material on Rwanda from 1993 thru 1994, from the files of Samuel Berger, Deputy National Security Advisor. Materials include emails from various NSC African Affairs directors to Berger on the situation in Rwanda in the spring of 1994 and summaries of conclusions of the the Ad Hoc Group meetings on Rwanda from the summer of 1994.
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Samuel Berger
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2011-0267-M
7585444
Declassified
Foreign Policy
Rwanda
Samuel Berger