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Clinton Presidential Records
Mandatory Declassification Review
This is not a presidential record. This is used as an administrative
marker by the William J. Clinton Presidential Library Staff.
Documents from this Mandatory Declassification Review were
released in full or released in part.
Those documents released with redactions have been restricted
under Sections 1.4 (b), (c), and (d) or Section 3.5(c) ofE.O. 13526
or (b)(6) of the FOIA.
�COM f I [) E
NT I A t
\
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N.ODIS
. ,~
AMBASSAD.OR .OR DCM: PLEASE DELIVER THE F.OLL.OWING MESSAGE
PRESIDENT CLlNT.ON T'o PRESIDENT YELTSIN. N'o SIGNED .ORIGINAL WILL
BE PR.OVIDED.
BEGIN TEXT:
DEAR B.ORIS:
THE CRISIS IN K.OS.OV.OIS REACHING A CRITICAL P.OINT. A
HUMANITARIAN TRAGEDY THAT HAS ENVEL.OPED TENS .OF TH.OUSANDS
.OF INN.OCENT PE.OPLE WILL W.ORSEN WITH THE .ONSET .OF WINTER
.ONCE AGAIN THE W.ORLD IS C'oNFR'oNTED BY C.OMPELLING EVIDENCE
.OF INDISCRIMINATE ATTACKS BY MIL.OSEVIC'S SECURITY F.ORCES .ON
CIVILlANS'AND SENSELESS MASSACRES. WE CANN.OT AFF'oRD T'o
WAtCH IDLY AS MIL.OSEVIC LEADS THE BALKANS INT'o AN'oTHER CYCLE
.OF BL.O.ODSHED, ATR.OCITIES AND MISERY.
THE U.S. AND RUSSIA HAVE W.ORKED CL.OSELY T.OGETHER T'o BRING THE
C.ONFLICT IN K.OS.OV.O T'o AN END. THANKS LARGELY T'o .OUR
SUCCESSFUL DISCUSSI.ONS IN M.OSC.OW, THE UNITED NATI.ONS SECURITY
C.OUNCIL UNANIM.OUSLY AD.OPTED AN IMP.ORTANT RES.OLUTI.ON .ON
K.OS.OV.O .ON SEPTEMBER 23. THAT W.ORK BUILT .ON A L.ONG SERIES .OF
REINF.ORCING EFF.ORTS BY .OUR TW'o C.OUNTRIES. IN MARCH, WE AND
.OTHER C.ONTACT GR.OUP C.OUNTRIES SPELLED .OUT THE PRECISE STEPS
THAT MIL.OSEVIC MUST TAKE T'o REGAIN THE C.ONFIDENCE .OF THE
INTERNATI'oNAL C.OMMUNITY. AT A MEETING WITH Y.OU IN MOSC.OW IN
JUNE, MIL.OSEVIC PR.OMISED Y.OU THAT HE W.OULD TAKE SEVERAL .OF
THESE ACTI.ONS IMMEDIATELY.
IN HIS ACTUALBEHAVI.OR, MIL.OSEVIC HAS BEEN N.OTHING BUT
DEFIANT. F'oR M.ONTHS N.OW, HE HAS IGN.ORED THE INTERNATI'oNAL
C'oMMUNITY'S CLEAR-CUT DEMANDS F'oR AN IMMEDIATE END T'o
ACTI.ON BY SECURITY F.ORCES AND THEIR WITHDRAWAL; ACCESS AND
FREED'oM .OF M.OVEMENT F'oR INTERNATI'oNAL .OBSERVERS; UNIMPEDED
ACCESS F'oR HUMANITARIAN RELIEF .ORGANIZATI.ONS;AND CLEAR
"
PR.OGRESS .ON A P.OLlTICAL S.OLUTI.ON. IVIIL.OSEVIC'S C.OMPLIANCE
WITH THESE DEMANDS REMAINS INADEQUATE.
THE DIPL.OMATIC .OPTI.ONS AT .OUR DISP.OSAL ARE QUICKLY RUNNING
.OUT. AFTER THE UN RES.OLUTI.ON, THE C.ONTACT GR.OUP MET IN NEW
Y.ORK AND GAVE CLEAR INSTRUCTI.ONS T'o .OUR AMBASSAD.ORS IN
BELGRADE T'o UNDERSC.ORE .ONCE AGAIN .OUR EXPECTATI.ONS .OF
MIL.OSEVIC. WHEN IVIIL.OSEVIC RECEIVED THEM, HE MADE CLEAR THAT
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DECLASSIFIED
PER E.O. 13526
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D~UiNTON LIBRARY PHOT()i;0PY .
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HE PLANNED TO IGNORE THEIR MESSAGE. THE CONTACT GROUP
POLITICAL DIRECTORS MET AGAIN LAST FRIDAY IN LONDON. I AM
PLEASED THAT WE AGREED ON A UNIFIED PLAN FOR A POLITICAL
SETTLEMENT TO PRESENT BOTH TO MILOSEVIC AND THE KOSOVAR
ALBANIANS. WE ALL WANT A DIPLOMATIC SOLUTION, BUT WE MUST
ALSO BE PREPARE'b TO ACKNOWLEDGE IF AND WHEN DIPLOMACY HAS
REACHED ITS LIMITS.
IN RECENT DAYS, NATO HAS TAKEN SEVERAL STEPS TO DEMONSTRATE
TO MILOSEVIC THAT HIS ACTIONS ARE UNACCEPTABLE AND THAT WE
ARE PREPARED TO COMPEL HIM TO CHANGE COURSE. WE DO NOT WISH
TO USE FORCE TO ACCOMPLISH THIS URGENT TASK, BUT MILOSEVIC'S
ACTIONS -- THE CEASELESS VIOLENCE AND THE FLOUTING OF THE WILL
OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY -- LEAVE US LITTLE ALTERNATIVE.
IF HE DOES NOT COMPLY IN COMING DAYS WITH OUR LONG-STANDING
DEMANDS, THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY WILL NEED TO RESPOND
DECISIVELY.
.
I AM GRATEFUL FOR THE CLOSE COOPERATION BETWEEN OUR
DIPLOMATS AND MILITARY PERSONNEL IN BRINGING PEACE TO THE
BALKANS. WE MUST KEEP UP THE REGULAR AND MEANINGFUL
CONSULTATIONS BETWEEN OUR TEAMS, INCLUDING EXCHANGES
BETWEEN MADELEINE AND IGOR, OUR IMPORTANT DISCUSSIONS AT
NATO, AND THE CONTACT GROUP'S ATTENTIVE WORK ON A POLITICAL
SETTLEMENT. MILOSEVIC MUST NOT FEEL THAT HE CAN SPLIT US OR
THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY OR BELIEVE THAT THE USE OF FORCE
IS OFF THE TABLE. WE MUST DO ALL WE CAN TO STOP THE KILLING IN
KOSOVO, USING ALL AVAILABLE MEANS, AND SHOW THE ENEMIES OF
PEACE THAT THEY WILL NOT SUCCEED. AS IN BOSNIA, I KNOW THAT I
CAN COUNT ON YOUR UNDERSTANDING AND SUPPORT AS WE
OVERCOME THIS IMMEDIATE THREAT TO PEACE IN THE BALKANS.
SINCERELY,
BILL
�eONFIDEWPIPJJs/NODI S
NIACT IMMEDIATE
FROM:
THE WHITE HOUSE
TO:
AMEMBASSY (MOSCOW)
INFO:
SECSTATE WASHDC
SUBJECT: MESSAGE TO PRESIDENT YELTSIN REGARDING THE SITUATION
IN KOSOVO
1. AMBASSADOR OR DCM:
PLEASE PASS THE FOLLOWING MESSAGE FROM
PRESIDENT CLINTON TO PRESIDENT YELTSIN AT THE EARLIEST
OPPORTUNITY. A COPY MAY ALSO BE PROVIDED TO PRIME MINISTER
PRIMAKOV'S OFFICE. NO SIGNED ORIGINAL WILL FOLLOW.
2.
BEGIN TEXT.
DEAR BORIS:
I WANT TO THANK YOU FOR YOUR RECENT LETTERS, WHICH I READ VERY
CLOSELY.
I AM GLAD THAT WE HAVE A SHARED RECOGNITION OF THE
NEED TO USE EVERY AVAILABLE MEANS TO END THE ON-GOING TRAGEDY IN
KOSOVO.
AS I WROTE BEFORE, I DEEPLY APPRECIATE YOUR PERSONAL EFFORTS TO
MAINTAIN A STEADY AND PRODUCTIVE RELATIONSHI,P BETWEEN RUSSIA AND
THE UNITED STATES.
I KNOW THAT DURING THESE POLITICALLY CHARGED
TIMES, RUMORS AND MISSTATEMENTS CAN SPREAD QUICKLY.
I AM
PLEASED THAT YOUR TEAM MADE CLEAR ON FRIDAY THAT RUSSIA HAS NOT
CHANGED THE READINESS OR TARGETTING STATUS OF I
. STRATEGIC
ARSENAL, DEMONSTRATING TO THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY THAT .ONE
OF OUR LANDMARK ACCOMPLISHMENTS STILL STANDS. LET ME ASSURE YOU
THAT NONE OF OUR ACTIONS IN THE BALKANS ARE AIMED AGAINST
RUSSIA.
I APPRECIATE YOUR ASSURANCES THAT RUSSIA WILL, UNDER NO
CIRCUMSTANCES, ALLOW ITSELF TO BE DRAWN INTO MILITARY CONFLICT
IN YUGOSLAVIA.
NEEDLESS TO SAY, LIKE YOU,. I REMAIN VERY CONCERNED ABOUT THE
HUMANITARIAN TRAGEDY IN KOSOVO.
I AGREE THAT WE MUST INTENSIFY
OUR EFFORTS ON THE DIPLOMATIC TRACK, AND I STRONGLY ENDORSE YOUR
SUGGESTION THAT OUR FOREIGN MINISTERS SHOULD MEET QUICKLY.
I
UNDERSTAND THAT MADELEINE WILL SEE FOREIGN MINISTER IVANOV IN
OSLO ON TUESDAY. THEY.HAVE STAYED IN ALMOST DAILY CONTACT BY
TELEPHONE, AND THEI.R DEPUTIES HAVE BEEN MEETING REGULARLY TO
DECLASSIFIED
PER E.O. 13526
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EXCHANGE IDEAS AND WORK TOWARD A COMMON APPROACH TO RESOLVE THIS
TRAGEDY.
WE NEED, IF AT ALL POSSIBLE, TO JOINTLY APPLY AMMERICAN AND
RUSSIAN DIPLOMATIC ENERGIES TO THE VITAL GOAL OF AN ENDURING
PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT TO THIS CRISIS THAT THREATENS THE PEACE AND
SECURITY OF A REGION THAT IS IMPORTANT TO US BOTH.
IT IS SIMPLY
UNACCEPTABLE TO ALLOW BELGRADE'S POLICIES, ESPECIALLY ITS
BARBARIC ETHNIC CLEANSING AND ATTEMPTS TO DESTABILIZE
NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES, TO JEAPORDIZE WHAT YOU AND I HAVE
ACCOMPLISHED IN U. S ..-RUSSIAN RELATIONS IN SIX AND A HALF. YEARS.
THEY ALSO THREATEN THE HISTORIC BREAKTHROUGH THAT YOU ACHIEVED
IN LAYING THE BASIS.FOR A COOPERATIVE, MUTUALLY BENEFICIAL
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RUSSIA AND NATO.
ON THAT BASIS, I WELCOMED THE STATEMENT RELEASED ON FRIDAY BY UN
SECRETARY GENERAL KOFI ANNAN AND NOTED THAT THE KEY-TO ITS
SUCCESS WILL BE WHETHER. PRESIDENT
LOSEVIC GOES BEYOND MERE
COMMITMENTS AND IMPLEMENTS KEY PROVISIONS THAT WOULD PERMIT THE
SAFE RETURN OF REFUGEES AND THE REALIZATION OF PEACE IN KOSOVO
WHILE KEEPING IT WITHIN THE FRY. KOFI'S STATEMENT IS AN
IMPORTANT EXPRESSION OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY'S SENTIMENTS
ABOUT THE CRISIS AND OUTLINES A CONSTRUCTIVE PATH TOWARD
ACHIEVING A POLITICAL SOLUTION.
I HOPE YOU CAN EMBRACE THIS
APPROACH, AND THAT MADELEINE AND MINISTER IVANOV CAN FURTHER
DEVELOP THESE IDEAS FOR' WORKING TOGETHER, ESPECIALLY IN THE UN,
OSCE, THE CONTACT GROUP, AND THE G-S.
I KNOW IT IS DIFFICULT TO BE JOYOUS AT A TIME WHEN HUNDREDS OF
THOUSANDS OF FELLOW EUROPEANS ARE SUFFERING. BUT I DO WISH YOU,
YOUR FAMILY AND THE RUSSIAN PEOPLE THE PEACE OF THE EASTER
SEASON.
IT IS MY SINCEREST HOPE, WHICH· I KNOW YOU SHARE, THAT
THIS PEACE WILL COME SOON TO ALL THE PEOPLE OF THE WORLD,
INCLUDING ALL OF THOSE SUFFERING IN THE BALKANS. THE CHANCE OF
THIS HOPE COMING TRUE DEPENDS MUCH ON THE WORK YOU AND I AND OUR
COLLEAGUES DO IN COMING DAYS.
SINCERELY,
BILL
END TEXT.
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�CONFIDENTIAL
6724
TELEPHONE CALLS WITH EUROPEAN LEADERS
DATE: October 1, 1998
LOCATION: TBD
TIME: TBD
FROM: SAMUEL BERGER
GENE SPERLING
I.
PURPOSE
To secure support f o r our G-7 proposal t o develop a
p r e c a u t i o n a r y f i n a n c i n g f a c i l i j y ^ and t o seek agreement f o r
NATO next Wednesday t o author/ze m i l i t a r y response i f
M i l o s e v i c remains non-compl^nt, i n c l u d i n g i n t h e absence
of a f u r t h e r UN r e s o l u t i o n , /
To Bccurc support f o r OUP^G
proposal t o develop a
p r o c a u t i o n a r y f i n a n c i n f a c i l i t y and t o oeck ag-rccmont ere
next otcps on Kosovo.
II.
BACKGROUND
G-7 I n i t i a t i v e
As you know, Treasury and the Fed are c u r r e n t l y developing
a new type o^ f i n a n c i n g f a c i l i t y which would combine an IMF
c r e d i t l i n ^ w i t h a complementary c r e d i t l i n e comprising
bilateral/fcommitments/ p r i n c i p a l l y from G-7 members a"nd
( p o s s i b l / j a private""sector component. The f a c i l i t y would
s t r e n g t h e n our a b i l i t y t o provide p r e c a u t i o n a r y f i n a n c i n g "
to governments t h a t are pursuing b a s i c a l l y sound f i s c a l and
monetary p o l i c i e s .
. Europoana have been-•BGoisting Troaoury and Fed c f f o r t o
yw dcvolop an approach t h a t would i n c l u d e b i l a t e r a l
f i n a n c i n g as w e l l as v i a IMF. G-7 Deputies are meeting
F r i d a y n i g h t and w i l l discuss the proposal ( w i t h finance
m i n i s t e r s l i k e l y t o take up the t o p i c Saturday).
P r e l i m i n a r y conversations w i t h these deputies have evoked
-They suspect,
r e s i s t a n c e from
EO 13526 1.4d
i n c o r r e c t l y , t h a t we are t r y i n g t o undermine t h e IMF's r o l e
and are l o o k i n g f o r a way t o avoid p r e s s i n g Congress f o r
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the quota increase and New Agreement t o Borrow (NAB) . —G—Ty
DGputico arc mooting tomorrow n i g h t (Friday) and w i l l
diocucG the p r o p o s a l — ( w i t h finance m i n i a t c r a l i k e l y
up t h e t o p i c thcmoclvcG on Saturday). P r e l i m i n a r y
eofiv-eraationa w^nfe-h—t--hp.np Hormt i on—h.
roGistanco from1.4d
- While
been s u p p o r t i v e , they don't want t o get too f a /6ut i n
r
f r o n t o f t h e i r European colleagues. [
likely
share
r e s e r v a t i o n s , but i n t h e end are' l i k e l y t o
participate.
The t y p i c a l IMF program, though i t can hfe formulated and
put i n place q u i c k l y , i s n o t w e l l s u i t e d t o t h e s i t u a t i o n
and a number o f other emerging economies. What
i s needed i s some assurance o f acc&ss t o s u b s t a n t i a l b u t
temporary f o r e i g n exchange resources i f heavy e x t e r n a l
pressures a r i s e . Such assurance/would help t h e c o u n t r y
r e s i s t u n d e s i r a b l e a l t e r n a t i v e s ' such as t r a d e r e s t r i c t i o n s
or t h e k i n d o f d i s r u p t i v e c a p i t a l c o n t r o l s adopted by
P r o v i d i n g l a r g e amounts o f f i n a n c i n g must be done i n a way
t h a t does n o t create unafcceptable l e v e l s o f moral hazard.
We must be sure t h a t t h e e l i g i b l e c o u n t r i e s have s t r o n g
p o l i c i e s i n p l a c e . And we must, when necessary, i n s i s t
t h a t p r i v a t e c r e d i t o r s c o n t r i b u t e i n some f a s h i o n so we are
not f i n a n c i n g t h e i r w i t h d r a w a l .
r e c e n t l y wrote you and
; i f raised]
o t h e r G-7 leaders w i t h h i s ideas f o r s t r e n g t h e n i n g
i n t e r n a t i o n a / f i n a n c i a l s t a b i l i t y . These ideas i n c l u d e
r e i n f o r c i n g / e c o n o m i c cooperation, which he i s doing wTthin
the EU; b y i l d i n g a "new B r e t t o n Woods," w i t h t h e IMF s t i l l "
p l a y i n g / c e n t r a l r o l e and a deeper dialogue enhanced by a
strengthened decision-making r o l e f o r t h e IMF's I n t e r i m
Committee; •fee advocate a change i n d e s i g n a t i o n f o r the IMF
I n t e / i m Committee t o t h a t o f a Council increased
transparency and a c c o u n t a b i l i t y of w o r l d f i n a n c i a l systems;
i t s a t some form o f c a p i t a l c o n t r o l s ; and, f i n a l l y ,
/ncreased development a s s i s t a n c e . - There are few r a d i c a l
ideas i n the l e t t e r , aside from t h e h i n t a t r e t h i n k i n g
l i b e r a l i z e d c a p i t a l f l o w s . The one s p e c i f i c measure
presented, upgrading t h e I n t e r i m Committee, would n o t have
a meaningful s u b s t a n t i v e impact and inThe primary e f f e c t o f
ouch a change would be t o give what i s now an a d v i s o r y body
g-eme-deeioion-maM^g—powers-—The s^abotantivc impact wmri-dr
not •••likely• be • very meaningful the and i n the end we c o u l d
GomDMriAifl TNTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
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probably s u p p o r t - ^ t o o a t i o f y |
L4d
| Thio may comei n your c o n v c r g a t i o n . — W h i l e not committing t o agree, Ytfou
should could welcome h i s thoughts g e n e r a l l y as a need;
c o n t r i b u t i o n t o the c r i t i c a l dialogue on b u i l d i n g a ^ew
f i n a n c i a l a r c h i t e c t u r e . o p o a k i n t h a t context t o
• i n t o r c o t i n e x p l o r i n g new and more expansive mode
dialogue.
Kosovo
A f t e r the recent a t r o c i t i e s ,
i s w i l ^ i us i n moving t o
air strikes.
i s also w i l l i n g to/proceed, i n c l u d i n g
i f necessary i n the"absence of a new ^ s o l u t i o n . However
h i s s e n i o r s t a f f i s c o n s i d e r i n g whether t o " t e s t " Moscow's
w i l l i n g n e s s t o a u t h o r i z e a UNSC presidency statement
c l e a r i n g the way f o r the use of f o f c e . I f so, t h i s needs
to happen q u i c k l y and q u i e t l y s o / t h a t i t does not get i n
the way of our e f f o r t s t o buil4/NAT0 consensus.
The Russians continue to oppose use of force.
is increasingly uncomfortable with serving
as a p o l o g i s t f o r Milosevi/'' s b r u t a l i t y , but the Russians
have not come t o terms y l t h the r e a l i t y t h a t f o r c e i s the
o n l y way t o change M i l o s e v i c ' s behavior^
i n p u b l i c statements,
:iryd
the Russians contiryued t o emphasize t h a t any use o f f o r c e
ir/d
i s i n a d m i s s i b l e apfd r e q u i r e s f u r t h e r UNSC a c t i o n . This
o n l y underscored/the importance o f our European p a r t n e r s '
keeping a u n i t g & f r o n t w i t h Moscow and p r e s s i n g the
Russians that/we are coming close t o exhausting d i p l o m a t i c
o p t i o n s w i t ] / t h e Serbs. We have proposed a f u r t h e r PJC and
are p l a n n i n g f u r t h e r b i l a t e r a l contacts w i t h Moscow t o help
keep then/on board, w h i l e making c l e a r t h a t we w i l l a c t i f
necessayfr w i t h o u t t h e i r consent.
A f t e r tzlic recent atroci-Mesr]
I i s w i t h uo i n moving t o
r i k c o / i n c l u d i n g i n the absence of a new S e c u r i t y
|io also w i l l i n g t o proceed,
i l resolution.
arc u r g i n g t h a t we f i r s t seek
his senior s t a f f
n^w—resolution c x - p l i c i t l y a u t h o g j ^ a g uoe of fcHree^—Your
o r e i g n p o l i c y team i s c o n t a c t i n g
counterparts to
convince them t h a t t h i s would put Yeltsin-dn'an untenabl-e
s i t u a t i o n v i s - a - v i s the Duma w h i l e reducing the pressure on
Milosevic.
The Russians continue t o oppose use o f f o r c e .
i s i n c r e a s i n g l y uncomfortable w i t h s e r v i n g
as a p o l o g i s t f o r M i l o a c v i c ' o b r u t a l i t y / but the Ruooiang
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�CONFIDEMTIAL
have n o t come t o terms w i t h the r e a l i t y t h a t f o r c e i s -fc&e
o n l y way t o change M i l o s e v i c ' s b e h a v i o r
1.4d
i n p u b l i c otatcmcntp-^
the Ruoaiano continued t o emphasize t h a t any use
i s i n a d m i s s i b l e and r e q u i r e s f u r t h e r UNSC a c t i o n ,
o n l y underscores the importance o f our European
keeping a u n i t e d f r o n t w i t h Moscow and p r e s s i n g
Russians t h a t we are coming close t o exhausting/cliplomatic
o p t i o n s w i t h t h e Serbs-.-
Northern I r e l a n d ( B l a i r only)
Most o f the Northern I r e l a n d playcro/Wcrc i n Blackpool,
England t h i s week f o r t h e Labour Pa-fty's annual conqres;
was immovable i n
Earlier
t a l k i n g t o Jim Steinberg o n / w i l l i n g n e s s t o consider an IRA
gesture on decommissioning/"
showed
•TafuYaay w i t h Jim Steinberg,
l i t t l e w i l l i n g n e s s t o cntcrtailTTcicao t K a t would i n v o l v e
IRA r i s k t a k i n g on weapons decommissioning. I n l i n e w i t h
t j l i s , — S e p a r a t e l y / t h e B r i t i s h arc moving forward wirth
i c m i l i t a r i z a t i o n . — P l a n s wore announced plansyestcrday t o
remove twe-watchtowers from ±fr-Belfast and dismantle a
border checkpoint/ i n a d d i t i o n t o the r e c a l l o f s e v e r a l
hundred personal weapons from B r i t i s h m i l i t a r y personnel
(an oft--rcpoatcd Adams'—goal) .
1
c o w n m r r T M n TNTON
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�CONFIDENTIAL
Both Adams and Trimble w i l l be i n t-ho United States i
October; Trimble w i l l p a r t i c i p a t e i n the Northern--Ir,
investment road show w h i l e Adams has a s e r i e s o f
€undraiocro on the East Coast. The c u r r e n t pros
d e a d l i n e fe-r movement on one oi-dc or t h e other Xa
October 31/ when tho f i r s t meeting on the Nor>th-South
Council i s t o occur.
Attachments
Tab A
Points t o Make f o r Prime M i n i s t e r ^
Tab B
Points t o Make f o r President Chi/ac
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POINTS TO BE MADE FOR
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH
PRIME MINISTER BLAIR
G-7 F i n a n c i a l
Initiative
•
D e t e r i o r a t i o n o f confidence i n f i n a n c i a l markets and danger o f
spreading contagion worrisome.
•
Longer-term work on a r c h i t e c t u r e o f system i s needed, b u t also
need urgent a c t i o n now t o help worthy emerging economies
r e s i s t contagion.
/
/
•
We have some thoughts on a package t o b o l s t e r t h e i r
i n t e r n a t i o n a l reserves:
/
Agree i t should be centered i n IMF, and o n l y f o r economies
with strong p o l i c i e s .
/
Recognize i t wouldn'tyfaork w i t h o u t quota increase and New
Arrangements t o Borrow (NAB); working hard t o get them i n
next week or so.
•
T y p i c a l IMF prograys may n o t be s u i t a b l e , however.
•
Think we need aiy.approach w i t h these
elements:
•
•
Second, /mMay need c o o r d i n a t e d s e t o f b i l a t e r a l c r e d i t l i n e s
(such ^s from Treasury's Exchange S t a b i l i z a t i o n Fund) along
side (/f IMF mechanism.
•
•
F i r s t , IMF /shorter-term money, i n l i n e - o f - c r e d i t format.
Would not ,66 permanent; could have sunset clause.
T h i r d , may aAlso want t o get p r i v a t e lenders' c o o p e r a t i o n
asTnecded.
G-7 Finance M i n i s t e r s and C e n t r a l Bank governors meeting here
0/ Saturday. Urgent t h a t they reach agreement on t h i s k i n d o f
s u i t a b l e approach.
Need your s t r o n g support t o help make t h a t happen.
CONFIDENTIAL
Reason:
Declassi
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PER E. O. 13526
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Kosovo
We've begun t o prepare Congress and p u b l i c f o r a i r s t r i k e s .
We i n t e n d t o ask NATO Council t o a u t h o r i z e f u l l rary^e o f a i r
/
o p e r a t i o n s next Wednesday.
/
•
^si;
Concerned about managing Russian r e a c t i o n . Russians a r e
p a i n t i n g themselves i n t o a corner by opposirig any use o f f o r c e
and appearing t o excuse M i l o s e v i c ' s behavipfr.
We shouldn't p u t Y e l t s i n i n t o a box by /Seeking a f u r t h e r UN
r e s o l u t i o n a u t h o r i z i n g f o r c e . That w ^ l l f o r c e t h e Russian"
government t o e i t h e r a b s t a i n and f u r t h e r weaken p o s i t i o n a t
home, o r veto and j e o p a r d i z e the NftTO-Russia Founding A c t .
EO 13526 1.4d raises idea of "testing"/Russian
willingness
to
authorize
a UNSC Presidency
statpinent
clearing
the way for
using
force':
/
•
Not convinced Moscow w i l l / a g r e e .
Otherwise there i s ri^sk o f reducing pressure on M i l o s e v i c and
c o m p l i c a t i n g a consensus a t NATO.
•
We've both agreeff t o a c t i f necessary w i t h o u t f u r t h e r
r e s o l u t i o n . Ne/d t o convince a l l i e s over next s e v e r a l days.
gQutearged a t a t r o c i t i e s committed by M i l o s e v i c ' s s e c u r i t y
-forces. B r u t a l t a c t i c s mast stop and occur-irfe-y forces
w-i-thdrawn/—Only a c r e d i b l e t h r e a t o f f o r c e
i f n o t t h e use
of f o r c c / i t o c l f
w i l l cause M i l o s e v i c t o comply.
1
OWc ve
-ifttc
epe
gun t o prepare Congress and p u b l i c f o r a i r s t r i k e s . We
to ask NATO Cou'noil t o authorize f u l l range o f a i r
ions next Wednesday.
•Plc/scd t h a t you c a l l e d f o r an emergency S e c u r i t y - C o u n c i l
feefcirEHg-,—but (^-bt—tha^-^u-s^i-a-will agroc t o a r e s o l u t i o n
/authorizing force.
^Concerned about managing Russian r e a c t i o n . Russians arc
p a i n t i n g themselves i n t o a corner by opposing any uoe o f f o r c e
end appearing t o excuse M i l o s e v i c ' s behavior.
CONFIDENTIAL,
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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3
• Y o l t o i n and Primakov have a d i f f i c u l t •dilemma: c i t h e r a b o t a ^
and f u r t h e r weaken p o o i t i o n a t home, or v e t o — - — f o r c i n g ug t o
go ahead, which docs damage t o t h e i r p o s i t i o n a t home arm t o
what we've t r i e d t o achieve w i t h NATO-Ruooia Founding X c t .
14
.d
we shouldn'JE p u t them
i n t h i s box. Instead,—wo must be prepared t o a d "without
further resolution.
•Also/ need t o use a l l a v a i l a b l e channels w i t h / t h e Russians,
i n c l u d i n g a t NATO/—to make c l e a r t h a t M i l o c o v i e ' •
i n t r a n s i g e n c e leaves us no a l t e r n a t i v e . /Hope t h a t Russia docs
not p u t i t s e l f i n p o o i t i o n t h a t i o o l a t p o i t from r e s t o f G-8.•Need t o make this--clear i n p u b l i c statements,' o t h e r w i s e
M i l o s e v i c w i l l b e l i e v e t h a t promisees and p a r t i a l compliance
w i l l p r o t e c t him from m i l i t a r y roGponoc.
BWc'vc b o t h agreed t o act i f ncceysoary w i t h o u t f u r t h e r
jrese-lution. Need t o c o n v i n c / a l l i e s over next s e v e r a l days.-
• F i n a l l y ^ we need t o ensu/c t h a t our a c t i o n s weaken/ not
s t r e n g t h e n M i l o s e v i c . / C a n n o t t o l e r a t e him as c o n t i n u i n g
source o f c o n f l i c t ^h Balkans.—We should ask ICTY t o pursue
his indictment.
Northern
Irel
s t i l l r e f u s i n g t o o f f e r commitments on
Understanc
[holding back on executive u n t i l
decommissioning, and
he does
e i n b e r g spoke l a s t weekend
w i t h o u t much success.
on
'terested i n any ideas you might have about how t o b r i d g e
i s d i v i d e and a v e r t damaging s t a n d o f f a t month's end. How
can we help?
CONFIDENTI
^CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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POINTS TO BE MADE FOR
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH
PRESIDENT CHIRAC
G-7
Financial Initiative
•
Worried a t d e t e r i o r a t i o n o f confidence i n f i n a n c i a l markets
and danger o f spreading contagion.
•
Your l e t t e r on ways to t a c k l e t h i s was a p^eded c o n t r i b u t i o n
to the c r i t i c a l dialogue on b u i l d i n g a q^w f i n a n c i a l
a r c h i t e c t u r e . We w i l l g i v e i t c a r e f u l / 6 o n s i d e r a t i o n .
c
•
Longer-term work on a r c h i t e c t u r e of/system i s needed, but -al-se
need urgent a c t i o n now t o help worthy emerging market
economies r e s i s t contagion.
•
We have some thoughts on a p a r a g e t o b o l s t e r t h e i r
i n t e r n a t i o n a l reserves:
•
Agree i t should be cen/ered i n IMF, and only f o r economies
with strong p o l i c i e s ,
•
Recognize i t wouldn't work w i t h o u t quota increase and New
Arrangements t o Borrow (NAB); working hard t o get them i n
next week or so<
o
T y p i c a l IMF programs may
not be s u i t a b l e , however.
•
Think we n e y o a n approach w i t h these elements:
•
F i r s t , / { M F s h o r t e r - t e r m money, i n l i n e - o f - c r e d i t format.
Would/not be permanent; could have sunset claus"eT
•
Sepond, may need coordinated set of b i l a t e r a l c r e d i t l i n e s
T/uch as from Treasury's Exchange S t a b i l i z a t i o n Fund) along
>ide of IMF mechanism.
T h i r d , may
a l s o want t o get p r i v a t e lenders' c o o p e r a t i o n .
G-7 Finance M i n i s t e r s and Central Bank governors meeting here
on Saturday.
Urgent they reach agreement on t h i s k i n d of
approach.
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E.O. 13526
CONFIDENTIAL
Reason: l . S j d )
Declassi
;«y^tl#TON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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�CONFIDENTIAL
• T y p i c a l IMF programs may not be s u i t a b l e , however. Thinkj.-hg o f
s h o r t e r - t e r m moneys i n l i n e • o f - c r c d i t f o r m a t . — W o u l d njrft be
permanent; c o u l d have sunset clause.
•May need c o o r d i n a t e d set o f b i l a t e r a l c r e d i t l i n e s /(such as
from Treasury's Exchange S t a b i l i z a t i o n Fund)—alphg side o f IMF
mechanism.
•Also want t o got p r i v a t e lenders' c o o p c r a t i o i ^ as needed.
•G-7 Finance M i n i s t e r s and C e n t r a l Bank governors meeting here
on Saturday-. Urgent t h a t they reach c^rccmcnt on s u i t a b l e
approach.
/
/
•Need your s t r o n g support t o help m^k'e t h a t happen.
• ( I f r a i s e d ) Received your l e t t e r on the I n t e r i m Committee.
Have asked Bob Rubin t o give I t c a r e f u l c o n s i d e r a t i o n . I s i n
our i n t e r e s t t o explore new/and more cxpanoi-vc modes o f
dialogue.
Kosovo
BOu-te _
f o r c e s ; These b r u t a l t a c t i c s must stop and s e c u r i t y forces
w i t h d r a w n . — O n l / a credible threat of force
i f not use of
f o r c e i t s e l f -/ w i l l cause M i l o s e v i c t o comply^•Wc'vc begun t/6 prepare Congress and p u b l i c f o r a i r s t r i k e s .
i n t e n d t o /sic NATO Council t o a u t h o r i z e f u l l range of a i r
epe-ra^i-onc a t i-£-s—meeting nex-t-Wee
We
EO 13526 1.4d
•Conc^ned about managing Russian r e a c t i o n . Russians arc
p a i n t i n g themselves i n t o a corner by opposing any use o f f o r c e
a/d—appearing t o excuse M i l o s e v i c ' s behavior.
Q-Y/e-l-fcs-i-n—an*
and f u r t h e r weaken position—a^-home-rgo ahead/ which docs damage t o t h e i r
what we've t r i e d t o achieve w i t h the
CONFIDENTIAL
i i lemma-! ei^ther—abstain
or veto -•• f o r c i n g us t o
p o o i t i o n a t home and t o
NATO-Russia Founding A c t .
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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�CONFIDENTIAL
B
we ohouldn't put them
1.4d
i n t h i o box.
Inotcad/ we must be prepared t o act w i t h o u t Q
y
further resolution.
•Also/ nocd t o use a l l available—eharare-lrs—with the Russi;
i n c l u d i n g a t NATO, t o make c l e a r t h a t M i l o s e v i c ' s
i n t r a n s i g e n c e leaves us no a l t e r n a t i v e . — H o p e that/fcuosia docs
not p u t i t s e l f i n p o o i t i o n t h a t i s o l a t e s i t fromy/cot o f G-8.
•Need t o make t h i o c l e a r i n p u b l i c statements, otehcrwioe
M i l o s e v i c w i l l f e e l t h a t promises and p a r t i a / compliance
p r o t e c t him from m i l i t a r y response.
will
BFi-nallyv—we need t o ensure t h a t our actiorio weaken,—net
s t r e n g t h e n M i l o s e v i c . — C a n n o t t o l c r a t o / h i m as c o n t i n u i n g
source o f c o n f l i c t i n Balkans.—We should ask ICTY t o pur^tte
his indictment.
• We've begun t o prepare Congress apd p u b l i c f o r a i r s t r i k e s .
We i n t e n d t o ask NATO Council t o / a u t h o r i z e f u l l range o f a i r
o p e r a t i o n s a t i t s meeting next Wednesday.
•
W i l l need your h e l p i n b u i l d i r i g NATO consensus.
•
Concerned about managing Russian r e a c t i o n . Russians are
p a i n t i n g themselves i n t o / a corner by opposing any use o f f o r c e
and appearing t o excused/Milosevic's behavior.
•
Seeking a f u r t h e r U l / r e s o l u t i o n s p e c i f i c a l l y a u t h o r i z i n g f o r c e
would o n l y make masters worse. This would face the Russians
w i t h a d i f f i c u l t /filemma: e i t h e r a b s t a i n and f u r t h e r weaken
p o s i t i o n a t hom^ o r veto and j e o p a r d i z e the NATO-Russia
Founding Act.
We s h o u l d n ' t put them i n t h i s box. I n s t e a d , we must be
prepared fr6 act w i t h o u t a f u r t h e r r e s o l u t i o n , w h i l e keeping
open a l l / a v a i l a b l e channels w i t h Moscow, i n c l u d i n g a t NATO.
o Not convinced Moscow w i l l
agree.
Otherwise there i s r i s k o f reducing pressure on Milosevic" and
c o m p l i c a t i n g a consensus a t NATO.
CONFIDENTIAL'
"CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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�CONFIDENTIAL
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
TELEPHONE CALLS WITH EUROPEAN LEADER
DATE: October 2, 1998
LOCATION: TBD
TIME: TBD
FROM: SAMUEL BERGER
GENE SPERLING,
I.
PURPOSE
To secure support f o r our G-7 /proposal t o develop a
p r e c a u t i o n a r y f i n a n c i n g f a c i l i t y and t o seek agreement f o r
NATO next Wednesday t o auth/Jrize m i l i t a r y response i f
M i l o s e v i c remains non-compliant, i n c l u d i n g i n the absence
of a f u r t h e r UN resolutiofn
II.
BACKGROUND
G-7 I n i t i a t i v e
As you know, Tre ury and the Fed are c u r r e n t l y developing
a new type o f f jancing f a c i l i t y which would combine an IMF
credit line
h a complementary c r e d i t l i n e comprising
b i l a t e r a l co: itments, p r i n c i p a l l y from G-7 members and
(possibly)
r i v a t e sector component. The f a c i l i t y would
strengthen 'Our a b i l i t y t o provide p r e c a u t i o n a r y f i n a n c i n g
to govern n t s t h a t are pursuing b a s i c a l l y sound f i s c a l and
monetary
^
fca*K
gators wivv
l l c i e s
i t i e s are meeting Friday i g h t and w i l l discuss the
Sal ^tf&th f i n a n c e M i n i s t e r s Jrarfojfr-y -tee take up t h e
Saturday^.
P r e l i m i n a r y conversations. w i t h these
EO 13526 1.4d
t-ies have evoked r e s i s t a n c e from the |
_
They suspect, i n c o r r e c t l y , t h a t we are trying to
fdermine the IMF's r o l e and are l o o k i n g for a way to avoid
r e s s i n g Congress f o r the quota increase and New Agreement
[has been supportive, they
o Borrow (NAB). While
don't want t o get too far out in front of their European
while sharingl
(reservations,
colleagues.
are likely to participate in the end. pjrr^
Reason: 1.5(d)
Declassify
ftiM
LLBRARU?FU
�CONFIDENTIAL
The t y p i c a l IMF prograrrK though
in be f o r m u l a t e d and
put in_P-l.ace q u i c k l y , i s \ n o t w e l l f u i t e d t o the s i t u a t i c
l.4d
m
and a number o f
e r ^ m e r g i n g economies. What
i s needed i s some assuranc
access t o s u b s t a n t i a l /out
temporary f o r e i g n exchange
urces i f heavy e x t e r n a l
pressures a r i s e . Such as
e would help the country
r e s i s t u n d e s i r a b l e a l t e c f i a t ives such as t r a d e r e s t r i c t i o n s
or t h e k i n d o f disrupt-ive capi taJN c o n t r o l s adojtfted by
P r o v i d i n g l a r g e amounts
t h a t does n o t create unac
We must be sure t h a t the e
p o l i c i e s i n p l a c e . And
that private creditors c
not f i n a n c i n g t h e i r w i
ing must
e levels,
I b l e coun
whe
dorfe i n a way
* r a l hazard,
lave strong
:y, i n s i s t
^on so we are
wrote you and other
leaders w i t h h i s ideas f o r
strengthening i n t e r n a t i o n a l f i n a n c i a l s t a b i l i t y .
These
ideas include r e i n f o r c i n g economic cooperation, which he i s
doing w i t h i n t h e EU; b u / l d i n g a "new B r e t t o n Woods," w i t h
the IMF s t i l l p l a y i n g A c e n t r a l r o l e w i t h a deeper dialogue
enhanced by a strengthened decision-making r o l e f o r t h e
IMF's I n t e r i m Committee; increased transparency and
a c c o u n t a b i l i t y o f / o r l d f i n a n c i a l systems; h i n t s a t some
form o f c a p i t a l oOntrols; and, f i n a l l y , increased
development assistance. There are few r a d i c a l ideas i n the
l e t t e r , aside from the h i n t at r e t h i n k i n g l i b e r a l i z e d
c a p i t a l f l o w s / The one s p e c i f i c measure presented,
upgrading the/ I n t e r i m Committee, would n o t have a
meaningful s u b s t a n t i v e impact and i n t h e end we could
p r o b a b l y support. You should welcome h i s thoughts
g e n e r a l l y /as a needed c o n t r i b u t i o n t o t h e c r i t i c a l dialogue
on b u i l d ^ g a new f i n a n c i a l a r c h i t e c t u r e .
Kosovo
i s w i t h us i n moving t o
A f t e r / the recent a t r o c i t i e s ,
i s also' w i i T i n g t o proceed, i n c l u d i n g
air /strikes.
i f yhecessary i n the absence o f a new r e s o l u t i o n . However,
hi/S s e n i o r s t a f f i s considering whether t o " t e s t " Moscow's
w / l l i n g n e s s t o a u t h o r i z e a UNSC presidency statement
l e a r i n g the way f o r the use o f f o r c e .
I f so, t h i s needs
t o happen q u i c k l y and q u i e t l y so t h a t i t does not get i n
the way o f our e f f o r t s t o b u i l d NATO consensus.
oitriDEirriMir|_JMTOM LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�CONFIDENTIMJ
6724
POINTS TO BE MADE FOR
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH
PRESIDENT CHIRAC
G-7
Financial I n i t i a t i v e
•
Worried a t d e t e r i o r a t i o n of confidence i n f i n a n c i a l markets
and danger o f spreading contagion.
•
Your l e t t e r on ways t o t a c k l e t h i s was a needed c o n t r i b u t i o n
t o the c r i t i c a l dialogue on b u i l d i n g a new f i n a n c i a l
a r c h i t e c t u r e . We w i l l give i t c a r e f u l c o n s i d e r a t i o n .
•
Longer-term work on a r c h i t e c t u r e of syatem i s needed, but
need urgent a c t i o n now t o help worthy/femerging market
economies r e s i s t contagion.
•
We have some thoughts on a packag^ t o b o l s t e r t h e i r
i n t e r n a t i o n a l reserves:
•
Agree i t should be c e n t e r ^ / i n IMF,
w i t h strong p o l i c i e s .
and o n l y f o r economies
•
Recognize i t wouldn't,work w i t h o u t quota increase and New
Arrangements t o Borrpto (NAB); working hard t o get them i n
next week or so.
T y p i c a l IMF prograr / may not be s u i t a b l e , — h e w e v e ^
.th these elements:
need an approach
ss-Think we
•
Second, may need coordinated set o f b i l a t e r a l c r e d i t l i n e s
(such as/from Treasury's Exchange S t a b i l i z a t i o n Fund) along
s i d e op IMF mechanism.
o
•
F i r s t , IMF s h o r t e r - t e r m money, i n l i n e - o f - c r e d i t format.
Would not b f permanent; could have sunset clause.
•
, /
^
T h i r d , also want t o get p r i v a t e lenders' cooperation.
G-7 Finance M i n i s t e r s and C e n t r a l Bank governors meeting here
on^turday.
Urgent they reach agreement on t h i s k i n d o f
anproach.
Jeed your s t r o n g support t o help make t h a t happen.
CONFIDENTIAL
Reason: 1.5(d)
Declassify O ^ L I M T Q ^
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PERE. O. 13526
B A Y P OO O Y
RR H T C P
�CONFIDENTIAL
Kosovo
We've begun t o prepare Congress and p u b l i c f o r a i r s t a k e s .
We i n t e n d t o ask NATO Council t o a u t h o r i z e f u l l r a n g / o f a i r
o p e r a t i o n s a t i t s meeting next Wednesday.
/1
K
Will need your help in building NATO consensus. f ^~
>
"
^ —7—^
Csacexae^U-akettt managing Russian r e a c t i o n . Russians are
p a i n t i n g themselves i n t o a corner by opposin'g any use o f force
and appearing t o excuse M i l o s e v i c ' s behavior.
Seeking a "fr^rfcfier UN r e s o l u t i o n s p e c i f i c a l l y a u t h o r i z i n g f o r c e
would o n l y Bfc^e matters worse. Russians would face d i f f i c u l t
dilemma: / e i t h e r , a b s t a i n and f u r t h e r v/eaken p o s i t i o n a t home,
or veto/and jeopab^ize t h e NATO-Russia Founding A c t .
/
We should:
prepared
open a l
them i n t h i s boy' I n s t e a d , we must be
w i t h o u t a f u r c h / r r e s o l u t i o n , w h i l e keeping
£ channels wi/h Moscow, i n c l u d i n g a t NATO.
EO 13526 1.4d
o
;
]^t><g rvmH ncnH Mor;r;nw w / l 1 n g r o p ,
/
QfcheirwXse there "Tg/risk e-f r e d u c i i ^ . pressure on M i l o s e v i c
o a m p l i c a t i n g a cgnsonaus a t NATO.
^ j - ^ «Vi e m
v- ^
CONFI DENT IAL
1
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
/
�THE PRESIDENT HAS SEEN
CONFIDENTIAL
lO-Z-IQ
THE WHITE HOUSE
6724
'3QrA95
'8C2M:a
WASHINGTON
October 2, 1998
TELEPHONE CALLS WITH EUROPEAN LEADERS
DATE: October 2, 1998
LOCATION: TBD
TIME: TBD
FROM: SAMUEL BERGER
GENE SPERLING
I.
PURPOSE
To secure support f o r our G-7 proposal t o develop a
p r e c a u t i o n a r y f i n a n c i n g f a c i l i t y and t o seek agreement f o r
NATO next Wednesday t o a u t h o r i z e m i l i t a r y response i f
M i l o s e v i c remains non-compliant, i n c l u d i n g i n the absence
of a f u r t h e r UN r e s o l u t i o n .
II.
BACKGROUND
G-7 I n i t i a t i v e
As you know, Treasury and the Fed are c u r r e n t l y developing
a new type o f f i n a n c i n g f a c i l i t y which would combine an IMF
c r e d i t l i n e w i t h a complementary c r e d i t l i n e comprising
b i l a t e r a l commitments, p r i n c i p a l l y from G-7 members and
( p o s s i b l y ) a p r i v a t e sector component. The f a c i l i t y would
s t r e n g t h e n our a b i l i t y t o provide p r e c a u t i o n a r y f i n a n c i n g
to governments t h a t are pursuing b a s i c a l l y sound f i s c a l and
monetary p o l i c i e s .
G-7 Deputies are meeting Friday n i g h t and w i l l discuss the
p r o p o s a l . Finance M i n i s t e r s and C e n t r a l Bank governors
w i l l take up the t o p i c Saturday.
P r e l i m i n a r y conversations
w i t h these o f f i c i a l s have evoked r e s i s t a n c e from
EO 13526 1.4d
They suspect, i n c o r r e c t l y , t h a t we are t r y i n g
to undermine the IMF's r o l e and are l o o k i n g f o r a way t o
a v o i d p r e s s i n g Congress f o r the quota increase and New
has been
Agreement t o Borrow (NAB). While
s u p p o r t i v e , they don't want t o get too f a r out i n f r o n t o f
while sharing
t h e i r European colleagues.
r e s e r v a t i o n s , are l i k e l y t o p a r t i c i p a t e i n the end.
The propose o f the c a l l i s to get
to
CONFIDENTIAL
Reason: 1.5(d)
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d i r e c t t h e i r Finance M i n i s t e r s t o be s u p p o r t i v e o f t h i s
proposal.
1.4d
wrote you and other G-7 leaders w i t h h i s ideas f o r
s t r e n g t h e n i n g i n t e r n a t i o n a l f i n a n c i a l s t a b i l i t y . These
ideas i n c l u d e r e i n f o r c i n g economic cooperation, which he i s
doing w i t h i n t h e EU; b u i l d i n g a "new B r e t t o n Woods," w i t h
the IMF s t i l l p l a y i n g a c e n t r a l r o l e w i t h a deeper dialogue
enhanced by a strengthened decision-making r o l e f o r the
IMF's I n t e r i m Committee; increased transparency and
a c c o u n t a b i l i t y o f world f i n a n c i a l systems; h i n t s a t some
form o f c a p i t a l c o n t r o l s ; and, f i n a l l y , increased
development assistance. There are few r a d i c a l ideas i n the
l e t t e r , aside from the h i n t a t r e t h i n k i n g l i b e r a l i z e d
c a p i t a l f l o w s . The one s p e c i f i c measure presented,
upgrading t h e I n t e r i m Committee, would n o t have a
meaningful s u b s t a n t i v e impact and i n t h e end we could
p r o b a b l y support. You should welcome h i s thoughts
g e n e r a l l y as a needed c o n t r i b u t i o n t o the c r i t i c a l dialogue
on b u i l d i n g a new f i n a n c i a l a r c h i t e c t u r e .
Kosovo
A f t e r the recent a t r o c i t i e s , I
l i s w i t h us i n moving t o
i s also w i l l i n g t o proceed, i n c l u d i n g
air strikes.
i f necessary i n t h e absence o f a new r e s o l u t i o n . However,
h i s s e n i o r s t a f f i s c o n s i d e r i n g whether t o " t e s t " Moscow's
w i l l i n g n e s s t o a u t h o r i z e a UNSC presidency statement
c l e a r i n g t h e way f o r the use o f f o r c e . I f so, t h i s needs
t o happen q u i c k l y and q u i e t l y so t h a t i t does not g e t i n
the way o f our e f f o r t s t o b u i l d NATO consensus.
The Russians continue t o oppose use o f f o r c e .
i s i n c r e a s i n g l y uncomfortable w i t h s e r v i n g
as a p o l o g i s t f o r M i l o s e v i c ' s b r u t a l i t y , but the Russians
have n o t come t o terms w i t h the r e a l i t y t h a t f o r c e i s the
o n l y way t o change M i l o s e v i c ' s behavior.
i n p u b l i c statements.
the Russians continued t o emphasize t h a t any use o f f o r c e
i s i n a d m i s s i b l e and r e q u i r e s f u r t h e r UNSC a c t i o n .
This
o n l y underscores the importance o f our European p a r t n e r s '
keeping a u n i t e d f r o n t w i t h Moscow and p r e s s i n g the
Russians t h a t we are coming close t o exhausting d i p l o m a t i c
o p t i o n s w i t h the Serbs. We have proposed a f u r t h e r PJC and
are p l a n n i n g f u r t h e r b i l a t e r a l contacts w i t h Moscow t o help
™.rTn ,T„r| TNT^N LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
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�CONFIDENTIAL
keep them on board, w h i l e making c l e a r t h a t we w i l l a c t i f
necessary w i t h o u t t h e i r consent.
Northern I r e l a n d ( B l a i r only)
14
.d
Earlier
was immovable m
t a l k i n g t o Jim Steinberg on w i l l i n g n e s s t o consider an IRA
gesture on decommissioning. [
I n l i n e w i t h t h i s , the B r i t i s h announced plans
t o remove watchtowers from B e l f a s t and dismantle a border
checkpoint.
Attachments
Tab A
P o i n t s t o Make f o r President Chirac
Tab B P o i n t s t o Make f o r Prime M i n i s t e r B l a i r
rnTnFNTTA,,rLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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F
�THE PRESIDENT HAS SEEN
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POINTS TO BE MADE FOR
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH
PRESIDENT CHIRAC
G-7 F i n a n c i a l I n i t i a t i v e
•
Worried a t d e t e r i o r a t i o n o f confidence i n f i n a n c i a l markets
and danger o f spreading contagion.
•
Your l e t t e r on ways t o t a c k l e t h i s was a needed c o n t r i b u t i o n
to t h e c r i t i c a l dialogue on b u i l d i n g a new f i n a n c i a l
a r c h i t e c t u r e . We w i l l give i t c a r e f u l c o n s i d e r a t i o n .
•
Longer-term work on a r c h i t e c t u r e of. system i s needed, b u t need
urgent a c t i o n now t o help worthy emerging market economies
r e s i s t contagion.
•
We have some thoughts on a package t o b o l s t e r t h e i r
i n t e r n a t i o n a l reserves:
•
Agree i t should be centered i n IMF, and only f o r economies
w i t h strong p o l i c i e s .
o Recognize i t wouldn't work w i t h o u t quota increase and New
Arrangements t o Borrow (NAB); working hard t o get them i n
next week or so.
•
T y p i c a l IMF programs may not be s u i t a b l e .
approach w i t h these elements:
•
Think we need an
F i r s t , IMF s h o r t e r - t e r m money, i n l i n e - o f - c r e d i t format.
Would not be permanent; could have sunset clause.
o Second, may need coordinated set o f b i l a t e r a l c r e d i t l i n e s
(such as from Treasury's Exchange S t a b i l i z a t i o n Fund) along
side o f IMF mechanism.
o T h i r d , also want t o get p r i v a t e lenders' cooperation.
M
•
G-7 Finance M i n i s t e r s and Central Bank governors meeting here
on Saturday.
Urgent they reach agreement on t h i s k i n d o f
approach.
o Need your s t r o n g support t o help make t h a t happen.
CONFI DEN^HAL
Reason:
1.5(d)
D e c l a s s i f y On:
10M/08
i
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
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a*
Co
En W
Ul
Q
PHOTOCOPY
WJC HANDWRITING
�THE PRESIDENT HAS SEEN
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2
/C-2-%
Kosovo
•
We've begun t o prepare Congress and p u b l i c f o r a i r s t r i k e s .
We i n t e n d t o ask NATO Council t o a u t h o r i z e f u l l range o f a i r
operations a t i t s meeting next Wednesday.
•
W i l l need your help i n b u i l d i n g NATO consensus and managing
Russian r e a c t i o n . Russians are p a i n t i n g themselves i n t o a
corner by opposing any use o f force and appearing t o excuse
M i l o s e v i c ' s behavior.
EO 13526 1 4
.d
POOOY
HTCP
CONFIDENTIAL
^
f
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
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WJC HANDWRITING
�THE P E I E T H S SEEN
RSDN A
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6724
POINTS TO BE MADE FOR
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH
PRIME MINISTER BLAIR
G-7 F i n a n c i a l I n i t i a t i v e
•
D e t e r i o r a t i o n o f confidence i n f i n a n c i a l markets and danger o f
spreading contagion worrisome.
o Longer-term work on a r c h i t e c t u r e o f system i s needed, b u t also
need urgent a c t i o n now t o help worthy emerging economies
r e s i s t contagion.
•
We have some thoughts on a package t o b o l s t e r t h e i r
i n t e r n a t i o n a l reserves:
• Agree i t should be centered i n IMF, and o n l y f o r economies
with strong p o l i c i e s .
o Recognize i t wouldn't work w i t h o u t quota increase and New
Arrangements t o Borrow (NAB); working hard t o get them i n
next week or so.
•
T y p i c a l IMF programs may not be s u i t a b l e .
approach w i t h these elements:
Think we need an
•
F i r s t , IMF s h o r t e r - t e r m money, i n l i n e - o f - c r e d i t format.
Would not be permanent; could have sunset clause.
•
Second, may need coordinated s e t of b i l a t e r a l c r e d i t l i n e s
(such as froifi Treasury's Exchange S t a b i l i z a t i o n Fund) along
side of>**T§&kechanism.
f
o
Third,
ant t o get p r i v a t e lenders' c o o p e r a t i o n .
© G-7 Finance M i n i s t e r s and Central Bank governors meeting here
on Saturday. Urgent they reach agreement on t h i s k i n d o f
approach.
• Need your strong support to help make that happen.
Kosovo
o We've begun t o prepare Congress and p u b l i c f o r a i r s t r i k e s .
We i n t e n d t o ask NATO Council t o a u t h o r i z e f u l l range o f a i r
operations next Wednesday.
CONFIDENTIAL
Reason: 1.5(d)
^,
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D.ci««try on:
1
L n ) R A R Y p H O T O C O p y
WJC H N W I I G
A D RTN
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•
Concerned about managing Russian
reaction.
Do n o t want t o p u t Y e l t s i n i n a box by seeking a f u r t h e r UN
r e s o l u t i o n a u t h o r i z i n g f o r c e . That w i l l f o r c e the Russian
government t o e i t h e r a b s t a i n and f u r t h e r weaken p o s i t i o n a t
home, or veto and j e o p a r d i z e the NATO-Russia Founding A c t .
You may wish to raiselEO 13526 l.4d]idea of "testing"
willingness
to authorize
a UNSC Presidency
statement
the way for using force and your thoughts
on it:
Russian
clearing
had idea o f " t e s t i n g ' Russian w i l l i n g n e s s t o a u t h o r i z e
a UNSC Presidency statement, As you know, I've been concerned
t h a t t h i s would p u t Y e l t s i n i n a no-win s i t u a t i o n .
I f he goes forward, needs t o do so q u i c k l y so as n o t t o reduce
pressure on M i l o s e v i c .
You and I agreed t o a c t i f necessary w i t h o u t f u r t h e r
r e s o l u t i o n . Need t o convince a l l i e s over next s e v e r a l days.
Northern
•
Ireland
s t i l l r e f u s i n g t o o f f e r commitments on
Understand
h o l d i n g back on executive u n t i l
decommissioning, and
he does.
Jim S t e i n b e r g spoke l a s t weekend
t h i s w i t h o u t much success.
on
I n t e r e s t e d i n any ideas you might have about how t o b r i d g e
t h i s d i v i d e and a v e r t damaging s t a n d o f f a t month's end. How
can we help?
CONFIDENTIAL.
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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6724
POINTS TO BE MADE FOR
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH
PRIME MINISTER BLAIR
/
/
/
/
/
G-7 F i n a n c i a l I n i t i a t i v e
/
o 'Worried—at ^/(deterioration o f confidence i n f i n a n c i a l markets
and danger o f spreading contagion worrisome.
7
'
•
Ac dioeusood, /onger-term work on a r c h i t e c t u r e , o f system i s
needed, b u t also need urgent a c t i o n now t o help w o r t ^ e m e r g i n g
-•markets economies resist contagion.
/'
\P
• We have some thoughts on a package t o b o l s t e r t h e i r
i n t e r n a t i o n a l reserves:
•
•
•
Agree i t should be centered i n IMF, and o n l y f o r economies
with strong p o l i c i e s .
/
Recognize i t wouldn't work without quota increase and New
Arrangements t o Borrow (NAB) ; working hard t o g e t them i n
next week or so.
T y p i c a l IMF programs may/iot be s u i t a b l e , however. T h i n k i n g
of s h o r t e r - t e r m money, i n l i n e - o f - c r e d i t format. Would n o t be
permanent; could have sdnset clause.
/
•
May need coordinated'set o f b i l a t e r a l c r e d i t l i n e s (such as
from Treasury's Exchange S t a b i l i z a t i o n Fund) along side o f IMF
mechanism.
•
Also want t o get' p r i v a t e lenders' cooperation as needed.
•
G-7 Finance M i n i s t e r s and C e n t r a l Bank governors meeting here
on Saturday.
Urgent t h a t they reach agreement on s u i t a b l e
approach. /
•
Need your s t r o n g support t o help make t h a t happen.
/
/
Kosovo
•
Outraged a t a t r o c i t i e s committed by M i l o s e v i c ' s s e c u r i t y
f o r c e s . B r u t a l t a c t i c s must stop and s e c u r i t y f o r c e s
/
CONFIDENTIAL
Reason: l.SJd),..
D/ciassify^LIiN/liSN LIBRARY P O O O Y
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�CONFIDENT-^ftfe
2
withdrawn. Only a c r e d i b l e t h r e a t o f f o r c e — i f n o t the us/
of force i t s e l f — w i l l cause M i l o s e v i c t o comply.
We've begun t o prepare Congress and p u b l i c f o r a i r s t r i j
We i n t e n d t o ask NATO Council t o a u t h o r i z e f u l l range
air
o p e r a t i o n s next Wednesday.
Pleased t h a t you ((pi. c a l l e d f o r an emergency Secur/te^ Council
meeting^-tcrdsy-r—^ut doubt t h a t Russia w i l l agree^to a
resolution authorizing force.
Concerned about managing Russian r e a c t i o n . -Russians are
p a i n t i n g themselves i n t o a corner by opposWg any use o f force
and appearing t o excuse M i l o s e v i c ' s behavior.
Y e l t s i n and Primakov have a
and f u r t h e r weaken p o s i t i o n
go ahead, which does damage
what we've t r i e d t o achieve
d i f f i c u l t dilemma: e i t h e r abstain
a t home, o r veto — f o r c i n g us t o
t o t h e i r / p o s i t i o n a t home and t o
w i t h NA^O-Russia Founding A c t .
EO 13526 1.4d
"in t h i s box. Instead, we must
further resolution.
we shouldn't p u t them
prepared t o a c t w i t h o u t a
Also, need t o use a l l a v a i l a b l e channels w i t h the Russians,
i n c l u d i n g a t NATO, t o make/clear t h a t M i l o s e v i c ' s
i n t r a n s i g e n c e leaves us vtio a l t e r n a t i v e . Hope t h a t Russia does
not p u t i t s e l f i n posityion t h a t i s o l a t e s i t from r e s t o f G-8.
Lv«2_
•
Need t o make t h i ^ c l e ^ r i n p u b l i c statements, otherwise
M i l o s e v i c w i l l / t t e i / z h a t promises and p a r t i a l compliance w i l l
p r o t e c t him from r t y i / i t a r y response.
We've both agrej;
resolution.
to a c t i f necessary w i t h o u t f u r t h e r
t o convince a l l i e s over next s e v e r a l days.
F i n a l l y , / ^ need t o ensure t h a t our actions weaken, n o t
strengthen Milosevic.
Cannot t o l e r a t e him as c o n t i n u i n g
source/of c o n f l i c t i n Balkans. We should ask ICTY t o pursue
his indictment.
LINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�CONFIDENTIAL
Northern I r e l a n d
• Understand
s t i l l r e f u s i n g t o o f f e r commitments on,
decommissioning,
holding back on executive
he does.
Jim Steinberg spoke l a s t weekend
t h i s w i t h o u t much success.
I n t e r e s t e d i n any ideas you might have about/how t o b r i d g e
t h i s d i v i d e and a v e r t damaging standoff a t
_ -•Fwwnrrt> How can we help?
4r
tLINTON LIBRARY P O
H
�CONFIDENTIAL
POINTS TO BE MADE FOR
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH
PRIME MINISTER BLAIR
G-7 F i n a n c i a l I n i t i a t i v e
•
D e t e r i o r a t i o n o f confidence i n f i n a n c i a l ma/^ets and danger o f
spreading contagion worrisome.
•
Longer-term work on a r c h i t e c t u r e o f system i s needed, b u t also
need urgent a c t i o n now t o help worthy/emerging economies
r e s i s t contagion.
•
We have some thoughts on a packag£ t o b o l s t e r t h e i r
i n t e r n a t i o n a l reserves:
© Agree i t should be c e n t e r e / i n IMF, and o n l y f o r economies
with strong p o l i c i e s .
» Recognize i t wouldn't ]4ork w i t h o u t quota increase and New
Arrangements t o Borrow (NAB); working hard t o get them i n
next week o r so.
•
T y p i c a l IMF p r o g r a n ^ may n o t be s u i t a b l e , h o w e v e r y S ^
/^Q^hink
we need an/approach w i t h these elements:
© F i r s t , IMF ^ h o r t e r - t e r m money, i n l i n e - o f - c r e d i t format.
Would not fie permanent; could have sunset clause.
•
•
•
Second, /may need coordinated s e t o f b i l a t e r a l c r e d i t l i n e s
(such afe from Treasury's Exchange S t a b i l i z a t i o n Fund) along
side a f IMF mechanism.
Thi/d,
a l s o want t o get p r i v a t e lenders' c o o p e r a t i o n .
G-7 /Finance M i n i s t e r s and Central Bank governors meeting here
on Saturday.
Urgent they reach agreement on t h i s k i n d o f
approach.
/eed your s t r o n g support t o help make t h a t happen.
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. O. 13526
:ONFIDENTIAL
'Reason: 1. 5/M) T
Declassify Owi-
THN
kwAW
LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�CONFIDENTIAL
^
Kosovo
EO 13526 1.4di
w
^
^
^
W e ' v e ^ g u n t o prepare Congress and p u b l i c f o r a i r s t r i k e s .
We^itftend t o ask NATO C o u n c i l t o a u t h o r i z e f u l l range o f a^
e r a t i o n s next Wednesday.
Concerned about managing Russian r e a c t i o n . Russians aafe
p a i n t i n g themselves i n t o a corner by opposing any us^r o f f o r c e
and appearing t o excuse M i l o s e v i c ' s behavior.
•
We shouldn't p u t Y e l t s i n i n t o a box by seeking a ' f u r t h e r UN
r e s o l u t i o n a u t h o r i z i n g f o r c e . That w i l l f o r c e ^ t h e Russian
government t o e i t h e r a b s t a i n and f u r t h e r weaken p o s i t i o n a t
home, o r veto and j e o p a r d i z e the NATO-Russ^ia Founding A c t .
authorize
•ttibes
idecf of "testing"
Russia/f willingness
to
a UNSC Presidency
statement
cfearing
the way for
JLh
^d*-* J
" i ^ X - j " jluMt^
Not convinc
3nvinced Moscow w i l l
c J l ^ ^ ^ o 4-0
CuA^r^
U,uic
using
Pw&->-<
t
agree./
I f you de£i de-tn—ge-^forward, piease do so q u c k y and q u i t l y .
^Otherwise t h o r c i-s/?isk o f reducing pressure ionlM i l o s e v i c e and
c o m p l i c a t i n g # consensus at/NATO.
We
b t h a g r e e d t o act i f necessary w i t h o u t f u r t h e r
J ^ s o l u t i o n l Need t o ceinvince a l l i e s over next s e v e r a l days.
A
Northern I r e l a n d
Understand
decommission!
he does.
•
s t i l l r e f u s i n g t o o f f e r commitments on
andl
Iholding back on e x e c u t i v e u n t i l
Jim Steiiifcerg spoke l a s t weekend
t h i s wi/hout much success.
on
I n t e r e s t e d i n any ideas you might have about how t o b r i d g e
t h i / d i v i d e and a v e r t damaging s t a n d o f f a t month's end. How
can we help?
CONFI DDNT I M J
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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6781
THE WHITE HOUSE
,
WASHINGTON
g8GCr5AMll:27
October 5, 1998
PHONE CALL WITH
PRESIDENT YELTSIN
DATE: October 5, 1998
LOCATION: Oval O f f i c e
TIME: 11:45 a.m.
FROM: SAMUEL BERGE
GENE SPERLIN
I.
PURPOSE
Y e l t s i n has requested t o speak t o you. We expect h i s main
issue w i l l be Kosovo, b u t he c o u l d also appeal f o r economic
support. You have t h r e e key messages:
•
Need t o be prepared t o use f o r c e i f and when diplomacy
f a i l s t o maximize prospects f o r a p o l i t i c a l s o l u t i o n .
© W i l l review r e p o r t s from Holbrooke, Annan t o determine i f
M i l o s e v i c i s complying.
• Want t o p r o v i d e economic support, b u t need s t r o n g Russian
r e f o r m program t h a t keeps money i n Russia.
II
BACKGROUND
Kosovo. Y e l t s i n dispatched Ivanov and Sergeyev t o Belgrade
yesterday i n an attempt t o head o f f NATO a i r s t r i k e s . A t
the end o f the meeting, the two sides declared t h a t
M i l o s e v i c had made s i g n i f i c a n t " p o s i t i v e steps" toward
compliance w i t h UNSCR 1199 and t h e d e c l a r a t i o n from
M i l o s e v i c ' s June meeting w i t h Y e l t s i n i n Moscow. They
f u r t h e r declared t h a t any use o f f o r c e would be an a c t o f
aggression a g a i n s t the FRY. |
EO 13526 1 4
.d
Dick Holbrooke w i l l be meeting w i t h M i l o s e v i c t h i s evening
i n Belgrade t o impress upon him t h e s t r i c t standards t h a t
we expect from M i l o s e v i c t o comply w i t h UNSCR 1199. The UN
S e c r e t a r y General's r e p o r t on UNSCR 1199 compliance w i l l be
CONFIDENT IAL
Reason: 1.5 (b) (d)
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issued today. We expect t h a t USUN r e p o r t s w i l l make c l e a r
M i l o s e v i c ' s f a i l u r e t o come i n t o compliance w i t h the
resolution.
No Economic P l a n . Thus f a r , Primakov's most c o n s t r u c t i v e
statement on economics has been t h a t he has no s t r a t e g y —
e s s e n t i a l l y a r e b u f f t o the S o v i e t - s t y l e p l a n d r a f t e d by
f i r s t Deputy PM Maslyukov. Primakov has been unable t o
complete h i s economic team, much less forge consensus on
how t o emerge from t h i s c r i s i s . And even i f he does get
consensus on a reasonable program, i t i s hard t o see how he
w i l l be able t o implement i t w i t h the c u r r e n t team.
Our stance should continue t o be t h a t we want t o support an
economic program t h a t works. But we also need t o recognize
t h a t Primakov and others w i l l be l o o k i n g t o blame continued
f a i l u r e on the West. We need t o be sure t h a t the Russians
take ownership o f t h e i r program and t h a t t h e communists
cannot, i n s i x months, c l a i m t h a t the Russia economic
d i s t r e s s i s due t o i m p o s i t i o n o f Western c o n d i t i o n s .
Even
i f t h e chances are s l i m , a cautious Western response now
w i l l give Russian reformers t h e i r best chance t o e x e r t
g r e a t e r p o l i c y i n f l u e n c e several months down the road.
III.
PARTICIPANTS
TBD
Attachments
Tab A
Points t o be Made
Tab B October 5 L e t t e r t o Y e l t s i n
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67 81
POINTS TO BE MADE FOR
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH
RUSSIAN PRESIDENT BORIS YELTSIN
•
Glad t o hear from you. Hope you g o t my l e t t e r on Kosovo
t o d a y . A p p r e c i a t e update t h a t FM Ivanov gave us on h i s t r i p
to B e l g r a d e .
K«\Concerned t h a t M i l o s e v i c i s p l a y i n g h i s c l a s s i c game o f making
— ' r a i s e promises designed t o remove i n t e r n a t i o n a l p r e s s u r e . He
f a i l e d t o f u l f i l l promises t o you a f t e r your meeting i n June.
Y m d i s p a t c h i n g Dick Holbrooke t o Belgrade t o emphasize
^
^ ^ " i m p o r t a n c e o f immediate and f u l l compliance w i t h i n t e r n a t i o n a l
community's demands. Stakes are v e r y h i g h .
\ K o f i Annan's r e p o r t i s a g r a p h i c account o f M i l o s e v i c ' s
^ — ^ d e f i a n c e o f i n t e r n a t i o n a l community. Under c l e a r t h r e a t o f
f o r c e , M i l o s e v i c has now suspended some o p e r a t i o n s , b u t has
not
f u l l y withdrawn h i s f o r c e s . Most d i s p l a c e d persons s t i l l
a f r a i d t o r e t u r n home because t h e r e i s no assurance o f t h e i r
safety.
D i s t u r b i n g t h a t M i l o s e v i c seems determined t o a v o i d s e r i o u s
n e g o t i a t i o n s on p o l i t i c a l s e t t l e m e n t . He hasn't responded t o
d r a f t s e t t l e m e n t package approved by Contact Group on F r i d a y .
<3
We do n o t w i s h t o use f o r c e . But what happens n e x t depends on
M i l o s e v i c . I m p o r t a n t t o t a k e two t r a c k approach — c o n c e r t e d
d i p l o m a t i c e f f o r t s backed by c r e d i b l e t h r e a t o f f o r c e .
0)
M i l o s e v i c ' s compliance w i t h UN requirements must be
v e r i f i a b l e , t a n g i b l e and i r r e v e r s i b l e .
• Madeleine w i l l be a t NATO on Thursday t o work on f i n a l s t e p s .
She's ready t o meet w i t h Ivanov i n PJC o r Contact Group f o r m a t
a f t e r NAC meets on Thursday.
I f Yeltsin
argues
new UNSC resolution
necessary
for
use of
force
•
Don't i n t e n d t o seek another r e s o l u t i o n ; UNSCR 1199 p r o v i d e s
s u f f i c i e n t b a s i s . Don't want t o p u t you i n d i f f i c u l t
p o s i t i o n . Russia would have t o acquiesce on mandate f o r use
of f o r c e o r you'd send w o r l d s i g n a l t h a t Russia i s s h i e l d i n g
Milosevic.
CONFIDENT iftfe
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a
1 3 5 2 6
�-LUH1 IDLiWl IAL
I f Yeltsin
asks for ministerial-level
Contact
• Need t o t r e a t s i t u a t i o n one day a t a t i m e .
r e q u e s t s e r i o u s l y and g e t back t o you.
I f Yeltsin
Milosevic
•
complains
that Secretary
even if he withdraws
his
Group
meeting
W i l l consider
Cohen threatened
forces
to
strike
Not aware o f any statement along these l i n e s .
Think t h a t key
t o a v o i d i n g use o f f o r c e i s f u l l and immediate compliance w i t h
a l l o f i n t e r n a t i o n a l community's demands.
Ijf Yeltsin threatens to end NATO-Russia cooperation in response
to NATO use of
force
•
I m p o r t a n t n o t t o l e t disagreement between us undercut b r o a d e r
r e l a t i o n s h i p . Don't t h i n k i t ' s a good idea t o t h r e a t e n t o
p u l l o u t o f i n s t i t u t i o n s t h a t we've worked so hard t o b u i l d .
Economic S i t u a t i o n , S t a t u s o f IMF Funds.
•
Have been w a t c h i n g c l o s e l y as Primakov and h i s team p u t
t o g e t h e r economic s t r a t e g y . Our team a t Treasury Department
met y e s t e r d a y w i t h your a d v i s o r s here i n Washington.
•
Want t o r e i t e r a t e what we discussed i n Moscow. Your l e g a c y
c o u l d be a t s t a k e . Concerned t h a t some s t r a t e g i e s b e i n g
d i s c u s s e d c o u l d spark i n f l a t i o n , cause c o l l a p s e o f c u r r e n c y .
•
Want t o s u p p o r t Russian r e f o r m and m o b i l i z e i n t e r n a t i o n a l
s u p p o r t . To do t h a t , Russia needs s t r o n g , c r e d i b l e program.
Recognize t h i s needs t o be a Russian s t r a t e g y , b u t i t must
a l s o t a k e i n t o account i n t e r n a t i o n a l f i n a n c i a l r e a l i t i e s .
•
Not good f o r Russia o r i n t e r n a t i o n a l community i f funds end up
i n f o r e i g n bank accounts as they d i d w i t h f i r s t IMF t r a n c h e .
When you have comprehensive p l a n ready, we a r e ready t o
l i s t e n , discuss.
I f Yeltsin
•
mentions
he is
sending
Livshits
as special
envoy
Aware he i s coming; our team ready t o r e c e i v e him; w i l l
carefully.
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�CQMITIDEMTIMr
I f Yeltsin
•
for
quick
release
of
IMF
tranche
I want t h i s t o o B o r i s , b u t f i r s t need s t r o n g economic s t r a t e g y
agreed w i t h IMF. As I s a i d b e f o r e , c a n ' t a f f o r d t o have money
once a g a i n end up i n f o r e i g n accounts.
I f Yeltsin
•
asks
asks
for
restructuring
of
Paris
Club
debt
B o r i s , l a s t r e s c h e d u l i n g o f $40 b i l l i o n i n Russian P a r i s Club
debt was b i g g e s t ever. Great r e s i s t a n c e i n P a r i s Club t o
reopen t h a t agreement. When you have c r e d i b l e economic p l a n ,
want t o c o n s u l t w i t h you on how t o d e a l w i t h payment problem.
L a t v i a Referendum.
•
Glad t h a t L a t v i a n people v o t e d y e s t e r d a y t o change c i t i z e n s h i p
laws as recommended by OSCE. They've done what was necessary
t o meet i n t e r n a t i o n a l o b l i g a t i o n s .
•
A p p r e c i a t e your p o s i t i v e response. We d i d a l o t t o achieve
this result.
I m p o r t a n t now t o improve R u s s i a n - L a t v i a n
d i a l o g u e and c o o p e r a t i o n . Am ready t o h e l p .
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�POINTS TO BE MADE FOR ^
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH
RUSSIAN PRESIDENT BORIS YELTSIN
Glad t o hear from you. Hope you got my l e t t e r /6n Kosovo
today. A p p r e c i a t e update t h a t FM Ivanov gave ns on,.-his t r i p
to Belgrade.
Concerned t h a t M i l o s e v i c i s p l a y i n g h i s c l a s s i c game o f making
f a l s e promises designed t o remove i n t e r n a t i p h a l p r e s s u r e . He
f a i l e d t o f u l f i l l promises t o you a f t e r your meeting i n June.
Am d i s p a t c h i n g Dick Holbrooke t o Belgrade ;to emphasize
importance o f immediate and f u l l compliance w i t h i n t e r n a t i o n a l
community's demands. Stakes are v e r y h i g h .
/
W-ill l o o k a t r e p o r t s from Holbreoko' and K o f i Ahn^an
Milosevic
e.( M i l o s e v i c has s/jspended^operations,
but has n o t f u l l y withdj-awn^his f o r c e s ^
x
Disturbing that Milosevic/ seems determined to avoid serious
ce^^ ±
n e g o t i a t i o n s on p o l i t i c a l s e t t l e m e n t . He hasn't responded t o "
d r a f t s e t t l e m e n t package approved by Contact Group on F r i d a y .
J
c
s
/
^y^ll, c
^w'^do^'"'!!-©^ wish t o u'se f o r c e . But what happens n e x t depends on Cc c « y f
\ciyiM i l o s e v i c ^ . I m p o r t a n t t o take two t r a c k approach — c o n c e r t e d
i p l o m a t i c | e f f o r t s backed by c r e d i b l e t h r e a t o f f o r c e .
I
/
Madeleine j ^ i y i be at NATO on Thursday t o work on f i n a l s t e p s .
She's rea,dy/to meet w i t h Ivanov i n PJC or Contact Group f o r m a t
a f t e r R^C Jneets on Thursday.
, .
M i l o ' s e v i c ' s contpliance w i t h UN requirements must be v e r i f i a b l e ^ ,
- t a n g i b l e / Impm t d i i t LtTaT RTTB^ia n o t provrde—po-l-rtireal
eovey f o r hollow preauses..
I f Yeltsin
argues
new UNSC resolution
necessary
for
use of
force
Don't i n t e n d t o seek another r e s o l u t i o n ; UNSCR 1199 p r o v i d e s
' s u f f i c i e n t b a s i s . Don't want t o p u t you i n d i f f i c u l t
p o s i t i o n . Russia would have t o acquiesce on mandate f o r use
of f o r c e o r you'd send w o r l d s i g n a l t h a t Russia i s s h i e l d i n g
Milosevic.
I f Yeltsin
asks
for ministerial-level
Contact
Group
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THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
MEMORANDUM OF TELEPHONE CONVERSATION
SUBJECT:
Telephone Conversation w i t h Russian
President B o r i s Y e l t s i n
PARTICIPANTS:
President C l i n t o n
Russian President Y e l t s i n
Interpreter:
Peter
Afanasenko
Notetakers: Tony Campanella, L i z Rogers,
Robin Rickard, Joel Schrader, Chris B e l l
DATE, TIME
AND PLACE:
THE PRESIDENT:
October 5, 1998, 12:01 - 12:18 p.m. EDT,
Oval O f f i c e
H e l l o , Boris? (U)
PRESIDENT YELTSIN:
H i , B i l l . (U)
THE PRESIDENT: I am g l a d t o hear from you.
want t o t a l k about Kosovo, and I do t o o .
PRESIDENT YELTSIN:
THE PRESIDENT:
No, B o r i s .
I understand you
EO 13526 1.4b, EO 13526 1.4d
I hear you f i n e .
(U)
PRESIDENT YELTSIN:
a"
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C l a s s i f i e d by: Glyn T. Davies
Reason: 1.5(d)
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.b .d
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EO 13526 1.4b, EO 13526 1 4
.d
THE PRESIDENT: Thank you very much.
f o r your e f f o r t s . But l e t me — f e )
PRESIDENT YELTSIN:
THE PRESIDENT:
(Interrupting)
F i r s t I want t o thank you
Thank you, B i l l .
Let me say what my concerns are.
(U)
First I —
PRESIDENT YELTSIN: ( I n t e r r u p t i n g ) Yes, and I t h i n k no one
should be allowed t o endanger the cooperation we have
established.
THE PRESIDENT: Let me say I am concerned t h a t what M i l o s e v i c i s
doing i s what he has done so o f t e n before i n making f a l s e
promises. He made a promise t o you i n June, which he d i d n ' t
keep. Perhaps OSCE m o n i t o r i n g w i l l help t h a t . I want t o say
t h a t we don't want t o use f o r c e , and i t i s n o t i n e v i t a b l e . What
happens next i s e n t i r e l y up t o him. Our experience i s t h a t a
c r e d i b l e t h r e a t o f f o r c e i s necessary t o get him t o comply so we
don't have t o use i t . I t h i n k you may have g o t t e n h i s
a t t e n t i o n , along w i t h the pressure b u i l d i n g up here. I am going
to send Dick Holbrooke t o Belgrade.
K o f i Annan's r e p o r t i s a
graphic account o f M i l o s e v i c ' s c o n t i n u i n g defiance o f t h e
i n t e r n a t i o n a l community. Many d i s p l a c e d persons are a f r a i d t o
r e t u r n home because they have no assurance o f s a f e t y . He has
suspended these operations and made h i s commitment t o you now,
but we simply have t o know he i s going t o comply w i t h UN
requirements, and compliance has t o be v e r i f i a b l e and
i r r e v e r s i b l e . I do not want t o use f o r c e , and f o r c e i s n o t
i n e v i t a b l e . I f he t h i n k s there i s no t h r e a t o f f o r c e , he never
does a n y t h i n g . Your r e p o r t i s encouraging, and the OSCE may
p r o v i d e us a u s e f u l mechanism, b u t he has got t o come through
here, and h i s a c t i o n s are what's important here and w i l l
determine what w i l l happen next. f&)
PRESIDENT YELTSIN:
goodbye. fG^
Goodbye B i l l .
Thank you f o r t h i s and
End o f Conversation
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THE WHITE HOUSE
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ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
FROM:
SAMUEL BERGER
STEIN
-TEARRY
SUBJECT:
L e t t e r t o Prime M i n i s t e r Prodi on Kosovo
Purpose
To urge Prime M i n i s t e r Prodi t o support NATO a c t i o n .
Background
Prime M i n i s t e r Prodi i s i n the midst o f a serious p o l i t i c a l
c r i s i s and a dilemma over the r i g h t course o f a c t i o n i n Kosovo.
Prodi and FM D i n i s i n c e r e l y b e l i e v e t h a t a c l e a r e r UN mandate i s
needed.
EO 13526 1.4b. EO 13526 1.4d
I f France and Germany decide t o proceed w i t h o u t a UN
r e s o l u t i o n , i t would be easier f o r Rome t o agree, although s t i l l
d i f f i c u l t due t o domestic p o l i t i c s .
1.4b, l.4d
RECOMMENDATION
That you sign t h e l e t t e r t o Prime M i n i s t e r Prodi a t Tab A.
Attachment
Tab A
L e t t e r t o Prime M i n i s t e r Prodi
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1ef o f S t a f f
^ ^ U - d t o m LIBRARY PHOTOCO^
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WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
DIST: BANDLER, COQ, FICKLIN, HASMAN, SAPIRO, SUM2, NSC, COMM, SIT{C2}
PREC: IMMEDIATE
CLASS: GONriDCNUAL.
DTG:070220Z OCT 98
FM: THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON DC
TO:
RUEHRO/AMEMBASSY ROME IT
RUEHC/SECSTATE WASH DC
CONriDCNTIAL
QQQQ
FOR THE AMBASSADOR OR DCM: PLEASE PASS THE FOLLOWING MESSAGE FROM
PRESIDENT CLINTON TO PRIME MINISTER PRODI AT THE EARLIEST
OPPORTUNITY. NO SIGNED ORIGINAL TO FOLLOW.
BEGIN TEXT:
DEAR ROMANO:
I'M SO GLAD THAT WE WERE ABLE TO GET TOGETHER IN NEW YORK. I
KNOW THAT YOU ARE IN THE MIDST OF A TREMENDOUS EFFORT TO
MAINTAIN SUPPORT FOR YOUR GOVERNMENT. I HOPE THAT YOU WILL
SUCCEED AND ITALY WILL CONTINUE TO PLAY A LEADING ROLE IN
PAGE 2 RHEHAAA0635 C O N r i D C N T I A L ADDRESSING THE MANY CHALLENGES BEFORE US.
ROMANO, WE HAVE COME TO THE DECISIVE MOMENT IN ADDRESSING
THE BRUTAL REPRESSION IN KOSOVO. WE MUST REACH CONSENSUS AT
NATO ON AUTHORIZING AIR OPERATIONS. IT IS NOT AN EASY DECISION
FOR ANY OF US, BUT IT IS THE RIGHT ONE. FIGHTING HAS BEEN IN A
LULL FOR THE PAST FEW DAYS, BUT MILOSEVIC HAS NOT YET
WITHDRAWN SPECIAL POLICE AND MILITARY FORCES, NOR AGREED TO
MEASURES THAT WOULD MAKE THE END OF HOSTILITIES VERIFIABLE
AND DURABLE. THE HUMANITARIAN SITUATION IN KOSOVO CONTINUES
TO DETERIORATE AS WINTER APPROACHES. I HAVE BEEN IN CLOSE
CONTACT WITH DICK HOLBROOKE, WHO BELIEVES THAT AUTHORIZING
NATO TO ACT PROMPTLY PROVIDES THE ONLY CHANCE OF TURNING
MILOSEVIC AROUND.
DURING THE PAST FEW MONTHS, YOU, I AND OTHERS HAVE WORKED
HARD TO ADDRESS THE KOSOVO PROBLEM IN THE CONTACT GROUP,
THE UNITED NATIONS AND ELSEWHERE. I DO NOT BELIEVE THAT WE
NOW NEED ADDITIONAL AUTHORIZATION FROM THE UN SECURITY
COUNCIL FOR NATO TO ACT TO HELP BRING THIS CRISIS TO AN END.
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MOREOVER, WE HAVE ALL GOTTEN A CLEAR SIGNAL FROM MOSCOW
THAT IT WILL NOT SUPPORT ANOTHER RESOLUTION, AND IT SEEMS
THAT ONLY HARM CAN COME FROM FORCING BORIS INTO A VETO.
IF WE DO NOT ACT TOGETHER, WE WILL RISK CONTINUED INSTABILITY
IN THE HEART OF EUROPE AND DEAL A SERIOUS BLOW TO THE
ALLIANCE'S FUTURE ABILITY TO PROTECT AND PROMOTE PEACE.
UNDER YOUR LEADERSHIP, ITALY HAS ASSUMED A KEY ROLE IN EUROPE
AND THE TRANSATLANTIC RELATIONSHIP, AND I HOPE THAT I CAN
COUNT ON YOU TO JOIN IN AN ALLIED CONSENSUS THIS COMING
WEEKEND AUTHORIZING NATO TO ACT.
SINCERELY,
BILL
A
< SECT>SECTION: 01 OF 01
< SSN>0635
< TOR>981006224302 M3498178
A
A
FROM:
SITREPRT
CLINTON L M M L P O O O Y
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THE WHITE HOUSE
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October 7, 19 98
;
U
1
'S
'9 0er7PKg:36
"8
HONE CALL WITH
FRENCH PRESIDENT JACQUES CHIRAC
DATE: October 8, 1998
LOCATION: TBD
TIME: TBD
FROM: SAMUEL BERGER
I.
PURPOSE
To ensure French cooperation i n p r e s e n t i n g a c r e d i b l e
m i l i t a r y t h r e a t t o M i l o s e v i c . You w i l l want t o persuade
Chirac t h a t NATO should decide on an A c t i v a t i o n Order
(ACTORD) on Saturday, October 10, even i n t h e absence o f
Russian support.
II.
BACKGROUND
EO 13526 1.4b, EO 13526 1.4d
In t h a t
call
We now have answers on both counts. Annan's r e p o r t
made c l e a r t h a t M i l o s e v i c continues t o defy the
i n t e r n a t i o n a l community and i s n o t i n compliance w i t h
r e s o l u t i o n 1199. Russia has made i t very c l e a r t h a t they
w i l l not support e i t h e r a new UNSCR o r a s t r o n g p o l i t i c a l
statement by t h e Contact Group.
CONFI DEN'HrftL
Reason: 1.5 (D)
D e c l a s s i f y On: l 0i7/08
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. O. 13526
l
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I n a d d i t i o n t o t h e i r e f f o r t s t o b r i n g Russia on board,
1.4b, 1.4d
Attachment
Tab A
Points t o Be Made
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•
Since we spoke l a s t week, c l e a r from K o f i Annan's r e p o r t t h a t
M i l o s e v i c s t i l l d e f y i n g i n t e r n a t i o n a l community.
•
Holbrooke has had three d i f f i c u l t meetings w i t h M i l o s e v i c i n
past few days. M i l o s e v i c i s s t i l l being evasive and refuses
to comply. He claimed t h a t there were no roadblocks even
though Holbrooke encountered several h i m s e l f . His claims
about s e c u r i t y forces have been e q u a l l y misleading.
•
E s s e n t i a l now t h a t we achieve consensus f o r NATO d e c i s i o n t o
a u t h o r i z e f o r c e . E s s e n t i a l we do t h a t by Saturday. B e l i e v e
t h a t a l l NATO a l l i e s moving t o the same conclusion.
•
Know you've been t h i n k i n g about ways t o get Russia on board
and t h a t you've spoken several times w i t h Y e l t s i n .
However, we have a l l g o t t e n a c l e a r s i g n a l from Moscow t h a t
they w i l l n o t support another UN r e s o l u t i o n . Don't t h i n k i t
makes any sense t o pursue t h i s any longer — a veto would o n l y
encourage M i l o s e v i c and make i t harder f o r a l l i e s t o support.
•
EO 13526 l.4d
I today's
Contact Group meeting. Also unsure how h e l p f u l Russia w i l l be
t h e r e , b u t main p o i n t i s t h a t we agree t h a t NATO w i l l proceed
regardless o f what Russian p o s i t i o n i s .
• Also t h i n k i t important t h a t when we g e t ACTORD, i t should
cover t h e f u l l range o f a i r operations.
I f Chirac
action,
o
Contact
Group
meeting
in France
after
NATO
I n p r i n c i p l e , not opposed. Let's have Madeleine and Hubert
discuss i t . Main t h i n g f o r now i s t o convince M i l o s e v i c we
are s e r i o u s .
If asked
•
proposes
about
ground
forces
to verify
compliance,
Believe we can do i t w i t h o u t combat f o r c e s .
CONFIDENTIAL
Reason: 1.5(d)
D e c l a s s i f y on: La/07/08
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. O. 13526
! CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
PHOTOCOPY
WJC HANDWRITING
�CONFIDENTIAL
6890
POINTS TO BE MADE
IN TELEPHONE CALL TO CHIRAC
Since we spoke l a s t week, c l e a r from K o f i Annan's r e p o r t t h a t
M i l o s e v i c s t i l l d e f y i n g i n t e r n a t i o n a l community.
Holbrooke has had three d i f f i c u l t meetings w i t h M i l o s e v i c i n
past few days. M i l o s e v i c i s s t i l l being evasive and refuses
t o comply. He claimed t h a t there were no roadblocks even
though Holbrooke encountered several h i m s e l f . His claims
about s e c u r i t y forces have been e q u a l l y misleading.
E s s e n t i a l now t h a t we achieve consensus f o r NATO d e / i s i o n to
a u t h o r i z e f o r c e . E s s e n t i a l we do t h a t by Saturdav^
Know you've been t h i n k i n g about ways to- get Russia on board
and t h a t you've spoken several times w i t h Y e l t s i n .
However, we have a l l g o t t e n a c l e a r s i g n a l from Moscow t h a t
^
they w i l l n o t support another UN r e s o l u t i o n . Don't t h i n k i t ^» 2^
makes any sense t o pursue t h i s any longer — a veto would o n l y
encourage M i l o s e v i c and make i t harder f o r a l l i e s t o support.
l,<
today's
l.4d
Contact Group meeting. Also unsure how h e l p f u l Russia w i l l be
t h e r e , but main p o i n t i s t h a t we agree t h a t NATO w i l l proceed
regardless o f what Russian p o s i t i o n i s .
Also t h i n k i t important t h a t when we get ACTORD, i t should
cover t h e f u l l range o f a i r o p e r a t i o n s .
Ijf Chirac proposes Contact Group meeting
action,
•
in France
after
NATO
I n p r i n c i p l e , not opposed. Let's telle abi=mt--rL af t a r TfeWaRB. — » k<w^e
Main t h i n g f o r now i s t o convince M i l o s e v i c we are s e r i o u s .
f\.l|^
Y«c«,
ft Ad
I f asked about ground f o r c e s to v e r i f y compliance,
f^eAl,
•
IAS-
t^c.'f-
i^iii~^
CCL-J^-
b*^*—
Need-to t h i i r k aLu^fe. -Wmild nepd to ensure rnmn"! i anew 4-s
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. O. 13526
CONFIDENTIAL
Reason: 1.5(d)
Declassify ogLMTOW LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
)^o>ter^
faSCuss.-L
�C ND NA
O F E TL
I I
CONFIDENTIAL
6929
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
MEMORANDUM OF TELEPHONE CONVERSATION
SUBJECT:
Telcon w i t h French President Jacques Chirac
PARTICIPANTS:
The President
President Jacques Chirac
I n t e r p r e t e r : Carol Wolter
Notetaker: Bonnie C l i c k , George Chastain,
Frank J a r o s i n s k i , Sean Tarver, James Smith,
Joel Schrader
October 8, 1998, 12:46p.m.-1:05 p.m.
Oval O f f i c e
DATE, TIME
AND PLACE:
President Chirac:
The P r e s i d e n t :
H e l l o Jacques.
President Chirac:
The P r e s i d e n t :
H e l l o . (U)
Oh B i l l , how are you?
Fine.
President Chirac:
(U)
(U)
I t ' s a pleasure t o hear you. (U)
I t ' s a great pleasure t o hear from you.
(U)
The P r e s i d e n t : Thank you. I t ' s good t o hear your v o i c e . We
s a i d we would check i n today on t h e Kosovo s i t u a t i o n , so I
thought we should t a l k f o r a moment. (U)
President Chirac:
The P r e s i d e n t :
Hello?
Could you repeat
(U)
We agreed t o t a l k a few days ago about Kosovo.
President Chirac:
Bill,
I hear you. (U)
The P r e s i d e n t : K o f i Annan's r e p o r t makes i t c l e a r M i l o s e v i c i s
s t i l l d e f y i n g t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community. Dick Holbrooke has
h e l d t h r e e d i f f i c u l t meetings w i t h M i l o s e v i c i n the past few
days. M i l o s e v i c i s s t i l l being evasive and i s s t i l l r e f u s i n g t o
comply. He claimed there were no roadblocks even though
CONFIDENTIAL
D ^ i f ^ M J / m LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
ft
E5 w
/
^w
J a.
U
U
Q
ft
�CONFIDENTIAL
Holbrooke encountered s e v e r a l o f them h i m s e l f . His comments
about t h e s e c u r i t y forces have been e q u a l l y m i s l e a d i n g . So I
t h i n k we are s t i l l i n a d i f f i c u l t p o s i t i o n . I t h i n k i t i s very
i m p o r t a n t now t h a t we achieve a consensus on a NATO d e c i s i o n t o
a u t h o r i z e the use o f f o r c e , and t h a t we do i t by Saturday. I
b e l i e v e we are a l l moving i n the same d i r e c t i o n . I know you
were working on ways t o get Russia on board and t h a t you have
spoken w i t h Y e l t s i n several times. I t h i n k the r e a l problem i s
t h a t we have g o t t e n a c l e a r s i g n a l from Moscow t h a t they w i l l
not support another UN r e s o l u t i o n . So, I don't t h i n k i t makes
any sense t o pursue t h i s any longer — a veto would o n l y
encourage M i l o s e v i c and make i t harder f o r the a l l i e s t o
support. I hope we can also get a s t r o n g statement from today's
Contact Group meeting, and I know you are pushing f o r i t . I am
a l s o unsure how Russia w i l l be t h e r e , b u t the main p o i n t i s t h a t
we should agree, I t h i n k , t h a t NATO w i l l proceed t o a u t h o r i z e
a c t i o n r e g a r d l e s s o f what the Russian p o s i t i o n i s . I t h i n k i f
we do t h a t we may not have t o use i t . I f M i l o s e v i c t h i n k s f o r c e
w i l l be used, a t l e a s t we may not have t o use i t . (U)
President Chirac:
The President:
(U)
President
EO 13526 1.4b, EO 13526 1 4
.d
Just a moment, I can't hear t h e i n t e r p r e t e r .
Chirac:
GONFIDDNTIAL,
tLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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�CONFIDENTIAL
1.4b, 1 4
.d
The President: F i r s t , I thank you f o r your thoughts. I agree
m i l i t a r y a c t i o n w i l l not solve the problem alone, i t w i l l only
make i t c l e a r t o M i l o s e v i c t h a t h i s a c t i o n s w i l l n o t be
t o l e r a t e d . I agree also though t h a t i f we make t h i s d e c i s i o n on
Saturday a t t h e NAC committee meeting t o a u t h o r i z e f o r c e we
s t i l l have a chance t o avoid the use o f i t . I
14
^d
n h i n k there i s some m e r i t t o having a meeting a f t e r
m i l i t a r y a c t i o n . I am c e r t a i n l y not opposed t o t h a t because we
w i l l have t o get everyone together on a d i p l o m a t i c s o l u t i o n .
Perhaps we can have Madeleine and Vedrine agree t o discuss t h a t .
As f o r
J v i l l be here
tomorrow, and I w i l l t a l k
on the phone today and I w i l l
(io_m.v_b_est w i t h them. I don't know e x a c t l y what t o do about the
-- i f you have any ideas I would be g l a d t o hear them.
once on t h i s and w i l l be g l a d t o
I have already spoken t o
speak t o him again. f€4
President Chirac:
The P r e s i d e n t :
Okay.
President Chirac:
I w i l l see what I can do.
Okay, B i l l .
(U)
(U)
The P r e s i d e n t : Let me also say I had a very i n t e r e s t i n g t a l k
here w i t h your Finance M i n i s t e r and the head o f your c e n t r a l
bank. fG-)
President Chirac:
The P r e s i d e n t : Thank you very much. I w i l l be i n touch on t h a t .
We see some evidence i n America and elsewhere t h a t c r e d i t l i n e s
are t i g h t e n i n g up. I am a f r a i d i t w i l l happen i n Europe and
Japan and p a r t i c u l a r l y i n Germany where t h e banks are exposed t o
CONFIDENTIAL
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�"CONFI DENT I AL
Russian loans. We might have t o be more aggressive i n coming
weeks. Things are moving very q u i c k l y and the Japanese
s i t u a t i o n i s s t i l l very bad. f&)
President
Chirac:
The President:
Thank you Jacques.
I w i l l be back i n touch.
m
President Chirac: Thank you very much, B i l l .
regards t o H i l l a r y .
(U)
The P r e s i d e n t :
Thank you f r i e n d , I w i l l .
President Chirac:
Goodbye.
And give my
Goodbye.
(U)
(U)
End o f Conversation
CONFIDENTIAL
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�CONFIDENTIAL
6924
TELEPHONE CALL WITH
ITALIAN PRIME MINISTER PRODI
DATE: October 9, 1998
LOCATION: Oval O f f i c e
TIME: TBD
FROM: SAMUEL BERGER
I.
PURPOSE
To urge t h a t I t a l y support NATO
isensus on ACTORD a t t h e
Saturday, October 10, NAC i n Br sels.
A
II
BACKGROUND
We a*e—4©«4«rt%g t o achieve 5TO consensus on ^ n A c t i v a t i o n
Order (ACTORD) f o r l i m i t e
. i r options i n Kosovo bv the end
of t h e weekend.
EO 13526 1.4b, EO 13526 1 4
.d
We could consider waiting until Monday
as the ujgtimate tailback. But even a two-day delay would
slow momentum and make it more difficult to maintain allied
consensus.
^
t
While we might be able t o
CONFI DEN-HAL
Reason: 1.5 (D)
D e c l a s s i f y Og:^ Jl
LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
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t—(
w
ECL
I n a d d i t i o n t o seeking I t a l i a n consensus on^ACTORD, we_
would l i k e approval from Prodi t o use I t a l i a n bases.
Q
m
CO
d
�CONFIDENTIAL
launch the l i m i t e d a i r option without I t a l i a n support, i t
would be much more d i f f i c u l t and send the wrong message^to
Milosevic and other A l l i e s . For the phased a i r campaign,
we would c e r t a i n l y need to move a i r c r a f t into I t a l y ^ r j^Lack
of access could therefore cripple our a b i l i t y to ejrecute
t h i s nptinn f f n h r r H n g u/ .Tfl]
»
#
/
You should be able to t e l l Prodi, a f t e r yourymeetin'g w i t h
Chancellor-elect Schroeder and telephone ca^L with
Chancellor Kohl, that the Germans are on Jsoard for ACTORD
on Saturday. Moreover, whether Prodi jcwnis on Saturday or
Monday should not affect the p o l i t i c a l ^ b s t a c l e s you
understand he must overcome.
Attachment
Tab A Points t o be Made
se«
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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�LUNJjlUJLNllAL
6924
POINTS TO BE MADE FOR
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH
ITALIAN PRIME MINSTER PRODI
•
C o n g r a t u l a t i o n s on s u r v i v i n g vote o f confidence
Knew
you'd make i t .
Efcalicm'ri wou-ld^e-^o-3rirs-hr-t-&-l&
OK. kos^voy
^-ckeuio*
• M i l o s e v i c continues t o defy i n t e r n a t i o n a l community. Bolgracte
/f?as- not complied w i t h UNSCR 1199, as K o f i ' s r e p j j r t makes
clear.
•
Holbrooke had several d i f f i c u l t meetings wi^fh M i l o s e v i c over
past f o u r days. M i l o s e v i c i s being evasi^fe and continues t o
s t o n e w a l l . For example, he claimed theEje were no roadblocks
even though Holbrooke encountered s e v ^ a l h i m s e l f .
•
M i l o s e v i c ' s claims about s e c u r i t y
spurious. He hasn't withdrawn t h
p o l i c e . T h e i r presence continue
persons from r e t u r n i n g home. Hi
resume k i l l i n g a t any time.
f ^ t c e s have been e q u a l l y
m i l i t a r y or the special
to intimidate displaced
forces remain poised t o
Contact Group Foreign M i n i s t e r s met i n London yesterday.
Clear t h a t Russia would ve^o a f u r t h e r UNSC r e s o l u t i o n .
Although would have been J f e s i r a b l e , A l l i e s - i n c l u d i n g
1.4d
- agree another UNSCR n q £ easeflt-iiai under circumstances.
E s s e n t i a l t h a t we achi ve consensus now f o r NATO d e c i s i o n t o
We've b u i l t up c r u c i a l momentum and
a u t h o r i z e use o f for,
Need agreement a t NATO meeting on
can't r i s k l o s i n g
on A c t i v a t i o n Order (ACTORD).
Saturday
yesterday and
A l l o t h e r A l l i e 'are on board.
today. Both agree t h a t
spent time w i t
can j n consensus on ACTORD on Saturday.
Know you' fa^& d i f f i c u l t s i t u a t i o n , r i s k i n g the support o f some
of the Wonuy f o l k s who voted f o r you /oday. Also c o n f i d e n t i n
your leadjttrship a b i l i t y t o persuade'peopie t h a t i t ' s t h e r i g h t
t h i n g t o ^ i o i n face o f M i l o s e v i c ' s b r u t a l r e p r e s s i o n since
February.
•
Decision n o t easy f o r any o f us, b u t o n l y way t o stop tragedy.
Simply can't a l l o w slaughter t o continue on NATO's doorstep.
SECRET
Reason: 1.5 (D)
Declassify
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�CONFIDENTIAL
Don't want to see I t a l y out of step with other A l l i e s . Need
I t a l y on board. Your bases and generous support are an
essential component of success.
; i f asked about delay):
A delay of two days would undermine momentu-ny.we've b u i l t — a p r
Holbrooke needs the negotiating leverage^rf ACTORD on
Saturday. Could be just as hard f o r VQjfr on Monday,
1 4 , 14
. b .d
But delay - even of two
*s determination and
days - would create doubts about
credibility.
: i f asked about ground troops:)
Ground troops would be d i f f i c
tfe^fe a i r options, w i l l wur-fe.
M
for many of us. Am confident
1
CONFIDENTI
^CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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�THE PRESIDENT HAS SEEN
CONFIDENTIAL
prpTfn
lUm lit M
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7307
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASH
INGTON
October 26, 1998
PHONE CALL TO
PRIME MINISTER MASSIMO D'ALEMA
AND FORMER PRIME MINISTER PRODI
DATE: October 26, 1998
LOCATION: TBD
TIME: TBD
FROM: SAMUEL BERGER
I.
PURPOSE
To t e l l Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema how much you a r e l o o k i n g
f o r w a r d t o w o r k i n g w i t h him and t o t o u c h base w i t h former
Prime M i n i s t e r P r o d i .
II.
BACKGROUND
A t 4 9, Massimo D'Alema has a r e p u t a t i o n as a smart, shrewd
and s k i l l e d p o l i t i c i a n .
On F r i d a y , he won a v o t e o f
c o n f i d e n c e i n I t a l y ' s lower house by a c o m f o r t a b l e margin
(333-281), and a v o t e i n t h e Senate i s expected on Tuesday.
D'Alema i s b e s t known f o r h e l p i n g t o t r a n s f o r m t h e I t a l i a n
Communist p a r t y i n t o a s o c i a l democratic p a r t y i n 1991, and
i s b e i n g h a i l e d as t h e f i r s t "ex-Communist" t o l e a d I t a l y .
His government i s composed o f s e v e r a l d i v e r s e p a r t i e s ,
i n c l u d i n g t h e c e n t e r r i g h t , t h e moderate l e f t and t h e
moderate communists who broke away t o s u p p o r t P r o d i .
Because o f these d i f f e r e n t p a r t i e s and i n t e r e s t s , D'Alema
may f i n d i t d i f f i c u l t t o f o r g e a s t a b l e government,
notwithstanding h i s considerable personal strengths.
We do n o t expect major p o l i c y changes from D'Alema. He has
r e t a i n e d F o r e i g n M i n i s t e r D i n i , who has made c l e a r t h e r e
w i l l be no change o f d i r e c t i o n i n f o r e i g n p o l i c y .
Treasury
M i n i s t e r Ciampi w i l l a l s o remain, which sends a c l e a r
s i g n a l t h a t I t a l y remains f i r m l y committed t o sound
economic p o l i c i e s and a smooth t r a n s i t i o n t o European
Monetary Union. The new M i n i s t e r o f Defense i s C a r l o s
Scognamiglio, a former p r e s i d e n t o f t h e Senate and member
of t h e Center R i g h t .
-Ge^rLDENllAL
Reason:
Declass:
U ' & N m URRnH T C P
B A YP O O O Y
DECLASSIFIED
PER E.0.13526
�Former Prime M i n i s t e r P r o d i remains a member o f P a r l i a m e n t
and has s a i d he w i l l c o n t i n u e t o work t o support a c e n t e r
l e f t pole i n I t a l i a n p o l i t i c s .
He, a l o n g w i t h Helmut Kohl,
have been mentioned as p o s s i b l e successors t o Jacques
Santer.
Attachment
Tab A
P o i n t s t o Make
£LINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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7307
POINTS TO BE MADE FOR
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH
PRIME MINISTER MASSIMO D'ALEMA
•
Mr. Prime M i n i s t e r , I wanted t o f o l l o w up my l e t t e r o f
c o n g r a t u l a t i o n s by p e r s o n a l l y w i s h i n g you every success i n
your new p o s i t i o n .
•
The U . S . - I t a l y p a r t n e r s h i p i s as s t r o n g as ever, and t h e r e i s
much f o r us t o do t o g e t h e r . I'm t h i n k i n g o f Kosovo i n
p a r t i c u l a r , as w e l l as s u p p o r t i n g t h e M i d d l e East process,
a d d r e s s i n g t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l f i n a n c i a l c r i s i s and s o l i d i f y i n g
peace i n Bosnia.
•
I a p p r e c i a t e d your words o f support f o r t h e Wye agreement. I t
was an i n c r e d i b l y d i f f i c u l t n e g o t i a t i o n b u t we've c l e a r l y made
p r o g r e s s . Must keep the momentum g o i n g .
•
On Kosovo, S e c r e t a r y A l b r i g h t t a l k e d t o FM D i n i y e s t e r d a y . Am
encouraged c e a s e f i r e i s s t i l l h o l d i n g , d e s p i t e some c o n t i n u e d
minor s k i r m i s h i n g .
•
But v i t a l we keep up p r e s s u r e on M i l o s e v i c t o keep agreement
he made w i t h SACEUR over t h e weekend. Need t o remain ready t o
act i f he does n o t . Even i f he does a c t , w e ' l l need t o keep
t h r e a t o f a i r s t r i k e s a l i v e t o ensure s u s t a i n e d compliance and
d e t e r any b a c k s l i d i n g .
•
To keep up p r e s s u r e , w e ' l l a l s o need t o e x p e d i t e e s t a b l i s h m e n t
of NATO R e a c t i o n Force and A i r V e r i f i c a t i o n M i s s i o n . I
encourage I t a l y t o c o n t r i b u t e t o R e a c t i o n Force, j u s t as i t
has pledged t o do t o OSCE Kosovo V e r i f i c a t i o n M i s s i o n .
•
I n c l o s i n g , l e t me say how much I'm l o o k i n g f o r w a r d t o w o r k i n g
t o g e t h e r . Hope t o see you a t NATO Summit next s p r i n g , i f n o t
before.
CONFIDClfffrftSReason: 1.5Ld)
Declassify o^Llwtyp^
P E R E.O. 13526
LIDKAKY
rHU ULUrY
�-GOMn DEI JT IAL
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POINTS TO BE MADE FOR
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH
FORMER PRIME MINISTER ROMANO PRODI
•
Romano, I know i t ' s been a tough few weeks.
I j u s t want you
t o know how much I enjoyed w o r k i n g t o g e t h e r . You l e d I t a l y a t
a c r u c i a l t i m e and d i d much f o r b i l a t e r a l as w e l l as U.S.European r e l a t i o n s .
•
H i l l a r y s t i l l t a l k s about how much we b o t h enjoyed h a v i n g you
and F l a v i a v i s i t us i n May.
•
Want t o s t a y i n c l o s e touch. Hope t h a t you w i l l remain
i n v o l v e d i n b o t h U . S - I t a l i a n and t r a n s a t l a n t i c i s s u e s .
•
Am c e r t a i n Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema would welcome your wisdom
and a d v i c e . A l l us w i l l want t o seek your e x p e r t i s e as we
address t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l f i n a n c i a l c r i s i s and o t h e r
c h a l l e n g e s b e f o r e us.
TaT
CONFIDENT i _
Reason: 1.5(d)
D e c l a s s i f y o^: J.0/Z
M f t W LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�IMMEDIATE
GOHriDDHTimr
OAACZYUW RHEHAAA2021 0510116-CCCC--RUXXWHX RUEHMO RUEHC.
ZNY CCCCC ZZK RUEHMO
200119Z FEB 99
FM THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON DC
SUBJECT:*** NO SUBJECT FOUND ***
BT
•CON F I D E
QQQQ
M T I A f r -
NODIS
AMBASSADOR OR DCM: PLEASE DELIVER FOLLOWING MESSAGE FROM
PRESIDENT CLINTON TO PRESIDENT YELTSIN. A COPY MAY ALSO BE
PROVIDED TO ROBERT "MARKARYAN I N PRIME MINISTER PRIMAKOV S OFFICE,
NO SIGNED ORIGINAL WILL BE PROVIDED.
1
BEGIN TEXT:
DEAR BORIS:
PAGE 2
RHEHAAA2021
C O N F l r D E N T I A ' L
I WAS VERY GLAD THAT YOU WERE ABLE TO COME TO AMMAN, AND I
WAS HAPPY TO SEE YOU THERE. I AM ALSO GRATEFUL FOR THE LETTER
THAT YOU SENT EARLIER THIS WEEK.
AS YOUR LETTER SUGGESTS, WE ARE REACHING A CRITICAL MOMENT
IN THE CRISIS I N KOSOVO. WHAT HAPPENS NEXT DEPENDS ON THE
PARTIES' WILLINGNESS TO MAKE THE HARD DECISIONS THAT WILL
SECURE WHAT YOU CALLED FOR I N YOUR LETTER TO ME -- A SENSIBLE
AND FAIR SETTLEMENT THAT STOPS THE CYCLE OF VIOLENCE.
AMBASSADORS MAYORSKIY, HILL, AND PETRITSCH HAVE BEEN
WORKING CLOSELY AT RAMBOUILLET TO KEEP THE PRESSURE ON THE
PARTIES TO ACCEPT AN AGREEMENT THAT PRESERVES THE
TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY AND' SOVEREIGNTY OF THE FRY WHILE GIVING
THE KOSOVARS THE SELF-RULE THAT THEY DESERVE.
UNFORTUNATELY, WE ARE RUNNING OUT OF TIME. MADELEINE, IGOR
SERGEYEVICH, AND THE OTHER CONTACT GROUP MINISTERS SET A
DEADLINE, WHICH EXPIRES AT NOON TODAY, FOR THE PARTIES TO
COME TO AGREEMENT. THE SERBIAN SIDE SO FAR HAS CHOSEN TO
PAGE 3 RHEHAAA2 021 - 0 N P I • D E N T I A L
C
REBUFF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY AND TO AVOID ENGAGING
SERIOUSLY ON THE DRAFT AGREEMENT. I F THE KOSOVAR ALBANIANS
ARE WILLING TO ACCEPT OUR PROPOSAL, AND SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC
FAILS TO ACCEPT THE ^ R S l ^ I U ^ ^.9Y | T H ^ ^ ^ E , |_p ^^J j L ^
^PRESMW J Y THEJffiAPkmE, ^
f j
PER E„(X 13526
�HELD ACCOUNTABLE FOR THE FAILURE OF THE TALKS AND FOR
PROVOKING A N W CYCLE OF CONFLICT AND SUFFERING.
E
THE UNITED STATES JOINS RUSSIA AND OTHERS IN THE INTERNATIONAL
COMMUNITY IN THE VIEW THAT A POLITICAL SETTLEMENT OF THE
KOSOVO ISSUE IS ESSENTIAL AND IN HOPING THAT IT CAN BE ACHIEVED
WITHOUT THE USE OF FORCE. I UNDERSTAND THAT MILITARY ACTION
WOULD POSE DIFFICULT ISSUES FOR RUSSIA. HOWEVER, IT IS CLEAR
THAT WITHOUT A CREDIBLE THREAT OF FORCE, THERE IS LITTLE
CHANCE THAT BELGRADE WILL SIGN UP TO AN AGREEMENT THAT ALL
MEMBERS OF THE CONTACT GROUP BELIEVE MEETS ITS CORE GOALS.
THE THREAT OF FORCE BROUGHT THE SERBIAN DELEGATION TO
RAMBOUILLET, AND I HOPE THAT IT WILL, IN THE END, MOTIVATE
THEM TO SIGN THE AGREEMENT. MILOSEVIC SHOULD HAVE NO
ILLUSIONS THAT NATO STANDS READY TO ACT IF HE DOES NOT.
PAGE 4
RHEHAAA2 0 2 1 C O N ' F I D E
N T I A L
IN THE HOURS REMAINING BEFORE TODAY'S DEADLINE EXPIRES, I HOPE
THAT YOUR GOVERNMENT "WILL USE ALL ITSINFLUENCE "WITH
MILOSEVIC AND TO ENSURE THAT HE K O S PRECISELY WHAT IS AT
NW
STAKE. I BELIEVE THAT THIS AGREEMENT IS THE ONLY WAY TO
PRESERVE THE TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY OF THE FRY.
I APPRECIATED THE COOPERATIVE TONE YOU SET IN YOUR LETTER TO
ME. YOU AND I HAVE PERSONALLY CONTRIBUTED TOO MUCH TO
BUILDING STABILITY IN THE BALKANS TO LET IT BE SQUANDERED BY
SERB DEFIANCE. OUR W R AT THE M S O SUMMIT LAST
OK
OCW
SEPTEMBER WAS CRITICAL TO PUTTING A POLITICAL AGREEMENT
WITHIN OUR GRASP. TOGETHER YOU AND I HELPED BRING ABOUT THE
DAYTON ACCORDS, AND FOR THE LAST TWO AND HALF YEARS, OUR
TROOPS HAVE KEPT THE PEACE IN BOSNIA. W CAN AND MUST DO THE
E
SAME IN KOSOVO. N W IS THE TIME TO EMPLOY THE GREATEST
O
PRESSURE SO THAT OUR HARD W R PAYS OFF.
OK
SINCERELY,
BILL
PAGE 5
RHEHAAA2 0 2 1
C O N F I D E N T I A L
END TEXT
C I T N L B A Y POOOY
L N O I R R HTCP
�1159
-CQMITIDEMTIMJ
NATIONAL SECURITY
COUNCIL
W A S H I N G T O N , D.C. 2 0 5 0 4
February 19, 1999
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR SAMUEL BERGER
THROUGH:
CARLOS PASCU.
FROM:
ANDREW WEISS
SUBJECT:
Reply t o P r e s i d e n t Y e l t s i n on Kosovo
The memorandum a t Tab I recommends a P r e s i d e n t i a l message t o
P r e s i d e n t B o r i s Y e l t s i n on Kosovo. The message underscores t h e
s e r i o u s n e s s o f t h e s i t u a t i o n i n Kosovo and t h e need t o a p p l y
maximum p r e s s u r e on M i l o s e v i c t o ensure a s u c c e s s f u l outcome a t
Rambouillet.
Concurrence by:
f-Leon Fuerth, M i r i a m Sapiro^JslJ
RECOMMENDATION
That you s i g n t h e memorandum t o t h e P r e s i d e n t a t Tab I .
Attachments
Tab I Memorandum f o r t h e P r e s i d e n t
Tab A Message t o P r e s i d e n t Y e l t s i n
Tab B Incoming Correspondence
-CONFIDENTIAL—'
Reason:
1.5(d)
D e c l a s s i f y o£:[_ J ^ Q ^
PER E„0.13526
LI BRARY
DU
OOY
CP
�CONFIDENTIAL
1159
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASH INGTON
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT
FROM:
SAMUEL BERGER
SUBJECT:
Message t o President Y e l t s i n on Kosovo
Purpose
Approve a message t o President Y e l t s i n .
Background
President Y e l t s i n wrote t o you e a r l i e r today about Kosovo,
EO 13526 1.4b, EO 13526 1 4
.d
Y e l t s i n ' s harsh p u b l i c statement was a spontaneous r e p l a y o f
n e a r l y i d e n t i c a l p u b l i c comments t h a t Y e l t s i n made l a s t October.
RECOMMENDATION
That you approve the message a t Tab A.
Approved &, Sttg
~
t^C.
Disapprove
Attachments
Tab A Message t o President Y e l t s i n
Tab B Incoming Correspondence
CONFIDENTIAL
Reason:
1.5(d)
0
:
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. O. 13526
cc: Vice President
Chief o f S t a f f
Declassify g l_ pf^ff (JpJ LIBRARY DH0T0C0PY
�COMFiriFMTIMj/HODIS
NIACT IMMEDIATE
FROM:
THE WHITE HOUSE
TO:
AMEMBASSY (MOSCOW)
INFO:
SECSTATE WASHDC
1.
AMBASSADOR OR DCM: PLEASE DELIVER FOLLOWING MESSAGE FROM
PRESIDENT CLINTON TO PRESIDENT YELTSIN. A COPY MAY ALSO BE
PROVIDED TO ROBERT MARKARYAN IN PRIME MINISTER PRIMAKOV S
OFFICE. NO SIGNED ORIGINAL WILL BE PROVIDED.
BEGIN TEXT:
DEAR BORIS:
I WAS VERY GLAD THAT YOU WERE
HAPPY TO SEE YOU THERE. I AM
YOU SENT EARLIER THIS WEEK.
JE TO COME TO AMMAN, AND I WAS
GRATEFUL FOR THE LETTER THAT
AS YOUR LETTER SUGGESTS, WE ARE REACHING A CRITICAL MOMENT IN
THE CRISIS IN KOSOVO. WRAT HAPPENS NEXT DEPENDS ON THE PARTIES'
WILLINGNESS TO MAKE TH^HARD DECISIONS THAT WILL SECURE WHAT YOU
CALLED FOR IN YOUR LETTER TO ME — A SENSIBLE AND FAIR
SETTLEMENT THAT STOPS THE CYCLE OF VIOLENCE.
AMBASSADORS
MAYORSKIY, HILL, AND PETRITSCH HAVE BEEN WORKING CLOSELY AT
RAMBOUILLET TO KEEP THE PRESSURE ON THE PARTIES TO ACCEPT AN
AGREEMENT THAT PRESERVES THE TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY AND
SOVEREIGNTY OF/THE FRY WHILE GIVING THE KOSOVARS THE SELF-RULE
THAT THEY DESERVE.
^
fa,^
^/WlU** ^
«»!L h*CU^**r
UNFORTUNATELY, WE ARE RUNNING/OUT OF TIME. MADELEINE, IGOR
SERGEYEVl/H, AND THE OTHERCONTACT GROUP MINISTERS SET A
DEADLINE^ WHICH EXPIRES AT NOON TODAY, FOR THE PARTIES TO COME
TO AGREEMENT. THE SERBIAN SIDE SO FAR HAS CHOSEN TO REBUFF THE
INTE^ATIONAL COMMUNITY AND TO AVOID ENGAGING SERIOUSLY ON THE
DRAFT AGREEMENT. I F •'SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC FAILS TO ACCEPT THE
AGREEMENT BY THE DEADLINE, HE WILL BE HELD ACCOUNTABLE FOR THE
FAILURE OF THE TALKS AND FOR PROVOKING A NEW CYCLE OF CONFLICT
AND SUFFERING.
THE UNITED STATES JOINS RUSSIA 7vND OTHERS IN THE INTERNATIONAL
COMMUNITY I N THE VIEW THAT A POLITICAL SETTLEMENT OF THE KOSOVO
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O
HTC
DECLASSIFIED
Dy PERM-13526
�ISSUE IS ESSENTIAL AND IN HOPING THAT I T CAN BE ACHIEVED WITHOUT,
THE USE OF FORCE. I UNDERSTAND THAT MILTARY ACTION WOULD POSE
DIFFICULT ISSUES FOR RUSSIA. HOWEVER, I T IS CLEAR THAT WITHOUT
A CREDIBLE THREAT OF FORCE, THERE IS LITTLE CHANCE THAT BELGRADE
WILL SIGN UP TO AN AGREEMENT THAT ALL MEMBERS OF THE CONTACT
GROUP BELIEVE MEETS ITS CORE GOALS.
THE THREAT OF FORCE BROUGHT THE SERBIAN DELEGATION T
C
RAMBOUILLET, AND I HOPE THAT I T WILL, IN THE END, MOTIVATE THEM
TO SIGN THE AGREEMENT. MILOSEVIC SHOULD HAVE N O / L L U S I O N S THAT
NATO STANDS READY TO ACT I F HE DOES NOT.
IN THE HOURS REMAINING BEFORE TODAY'S DEADLINE EXPIRES, I HOPE
THAT YOUR GOVERNMENT WILL USE ALL ITS INFLUENCE WITH MILOSEVIC
AND TO ENSURE THAT HE KNOWS PRECISELY WHAT IS AT STAKE. I
BELIEVE THAT THIS AGREEMENT IS THE ONLy/WAY TO PRESERVE rROSmO'
^T-OF^ERBIA. •WTWfm^TT, THF^F. MAY BF. NO WAY
INTEGRITY" OF SERBiA-TU BE PRKbiLRVEIV BECAUSE OF~~THE"
BLE
EHT
HfoSTXLJ^Y
AND ANGER THAT
LDE
UAS^ME.VO£E£i
/
I APPRECIATED THE COOPERATIVE/TONE YOU SET IN YOUR LETTER TO ME,
YOU AND I HAVE PERSONALLY CONTRIBUTED TOO MUCH TO BUILDljlG
STABILITY I N THE BALKANS T^'LET IT BE SQUANDERED BY SERB
DEFIANCE. OUR WORK AT THE MOSCOW SUMMIT LAST SEPTEMBER WAS
CRITICAL TO PUTTING A POLITICAL AGREEMENT WITHIN OUR GRA$P.
TOGETHER YOU AND I HELPED BRING ABOUT THE DAYTON ACCORDS AND
FOR THE LAST TWO AND HALF YEARS, OUR TROOPS HAVE KEPT TH PEACE
IN BOSNIA. WE CAN/AND MUST DO THE SAME IN KOSOVO. NOW :s THE
TIME TO EMPLOY THE GREATEST PRESSURE SO THAT OUR HARD W RK PAYS
O
OFF.
7
SINCERELY,
BILL
END TEXT
"6M
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�CONFIDENTIAL
1357
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
MEMORANDUM OF CONVERSATION
SUBJECT:
Meeting w i t h Jacques Chirac, President o f
France
PARTICIPANTS:
The President
Madeleine A l b r i g h t , Secretary o f State
Robert Rubin, Secretary o f the Treasury
Samuel Berger, A s s i s t a n t t o the President
for National Security A f f a i r s
Gene S p e r l i n g , A s s i s t a n t t o t h e President
f o r Economic A f f a i r s
Steve R i c c h e t t i , Deputy Chief o f S t a f f
F e l i x Rohatyn, Ambassador t o France
James Steinberg, Deputy A s s i s t a n t t o t h e
President f o r N a t i o n a l S e c u r i t y A f f a i r s
Antony B l i n k e n , Special A s s i s t a n t t o t h e
President and Senior D i r e c t o r f o r European
A f f a i r s , NSC (Notetaker)
Lael B r a i n a r d , Deputy A s s i s t a n t t o t h e
President f o r Economic A f f a i r s (expanded
session and lunch only)
Donald Handler, Special A s s i s t a n t t o t h e
President f o r the NATO Summit (expanded
session only)
K e i r n C. Brown, D i r e c t o r f o r European
A f f a i r s (expanded session only)
Jacques Chirac, President
Hubert Vedrine, Foreign M i n i s t e r
Dominique Strauss-Kahn, Finance M i n i s t e r
Jean-David L e v i t t e , D i p l o m a t i c Adviser
Hubert Bujon, Ambassador t o the United
States
Jean-Francois G i r a u l t , Technical Adviser
Catherine Colonna, Spokesperson (expanded
Session and lunch only)
CONFIDENTIAL
C l a s s i f i e d by:
™
:
DECLASSIFIED I N PART
PER E.O. 13526
Glyn T. Davies
'mmm LB A Y
IRR
Declassi f y
DU
0T0C0PY
�CONFIDENTIAL
Jean-Francois C i r e l l i , Economic Adviser
(expanded session and lunch only)
Renaud V i g n a l , M i n i s t r y o f Foreign A f f a i r s
(expanded session and lunch only)
DATE, TIME
AND PLACE:
February 19, 1999, 11:45 a.m. - 2:15 p.m.
Oval O f f i c e ; Cabinet Room; Old Family D i n i n g
Room
Oval O f f i c e Session
The President: S h a l l we discuss Kosovo f i r s t ,
p r e s s i n g issue? (U)
President Chirac:
CONriDDNTIJ
since t h a t ' s t h e
Yes.
tLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�CONFIDENTIAL
The President:
on t h i s i s very
t h i n k s he needs
he was " f o r c e d "
brinkmanship.
The f a c t t h a t we have been so s t r o n g l y t o g e t h e r
i m p o r t a n t . I t ' s impossible t o know i f M i l o s e v i c
t o absorb some a i r s t r i k e s so he can make i t seem
t o c a p i t u l a t e or whether t h i s i s simply
There w i l l be a very b r i e f p e r i o d between t h e c o l l a p s e o f t a l k s
and t h e s t a r t o f a i r s t r i k e s . Then, i t might be a p p r o p r i a t e f o r
you t o make a l a s t appeal.
I f we do something now, we could
g i v e M i l o s e v i c an o p p o r t u n i t y t o send t h e t a l k s o f f on a tangent
and f o r c e a delay. f&)
As t o t h e c a r r o t question and sanctions, l e t me l e t Madeleine
address t h a t . fe)
Secretary A l b r i g h t : Yes, there are two l a y e r s o f sanctions.
Those we imposed i n r e l a t i o n t o Kosovo could be discussed b u t
those imposed before — what we c a l l the outer w a l l — we need
to be very c a r e f u l about. They would be hard t o unpack and i n
any event, i t would be premature. But we could do t h e f i r s t
l a y e r . fe}
The P r e s i d e n t : We could present i t as a way t o work the FRY
back i n t o t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l community. Sanctions make
M i l o s e v i c ' s i n t e r n a l s i t u a t i o n more d i f f i c u l t . f€-)
Now, through M i l o s e v i c ' s eyes, i f he allows a NATO force t o back
up c i v i l implementation, he w i l l lose Kosovo. We need t o make
him see t h a t t h e o n l y chance he has t o keep Kosovo w i t h i n Serbia
i s t o r e s t o r e autonomy. f&)
Based on past experience, our best course i s t o h o l d a u n i f o r m
l i n e t i l l t h e deadline. There's s t i l l a chance he w i l l come
around. A t t h e same time, we need t o keep t h e Kosovars i n l i n e .
fG-)
President
Chirac:
CONFIDDNT I j
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�CONFIDENTIAL
1.4b, 1 4
.d
Foreign M i n i s t e r Vedrine:
The P r e s i d e n t :
That's good. fe)
President Chirac:
Secretary A l b r i g h t : With everyone g a t h e r i n g , i t would be hard
not t o meet. But i t must be c l e a r — no squabbling. Also,
a f t e r t h e Contact Group makes a d e c i s i o n , i t would be
s y m b o l i c a l l y important t o go t o Brussels t o hand over t o NATO.
Foreign M i n i s t e r Vedrine:
Secretary A l b r i g h t : Let's be c l e a r , NATO has made d e c i s i o n s and
Solana has them i n h i s pocket. He must c o n s u l t i n f o r m a l l y -t h e r e i s no formal d e c i s i o n t o be made. fG}
President Chirac: [
~
The P r e s i d e n t :
Has he s a i d t h a t ? f&)
Secretary A l b r i g h t : No, but others have mentioned i t ,
D i n i . I t i s n o t acceptable. f&)
like
Samuel Berger:
I n the s t r i k e scenario, t h e i n i t i a l set o f
s t r i k e s must be s u f f i c i e n t l y s t r o n g and d e c i s i v e so t h a t
M i l o s e v i c understands t h e i r seriousness. I f we p i n p r i c k and
pause, he may t h i n k t h a t he has won. fG)
GONFIDENTIAI
t l INTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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�CONFIDENTIAL
President Chirac:
The P r e s i d e n t : We're t h i n k i n g along s i m i l a r l i n e s . Let NATO do
i t s j o b on the m i l i t a r y side, do the p l a n n i n g f o r more s t r i k e s ,
the number of days and so on. I f d u r i n g t h a t p e r i o d , t h e r e i s
an i n t e n s i v e e f f o r t t o b r i n g M i l o s e v i c back, good. We j u s t need
to be sure t h a t we do not pause mor-e than 24 t o 48 hours — i t
should be a n a t u r a l l u l l t h a t we f i l l w i t h intense d i p l o m a t i c
e f f o r t s w i t h o u t g i v i n g M i l o s e v i c a chance t o drag t h i n g s o u t .
I'm encouraged by hearing you say a day or two. Any longer and
our w i l l could d i s s i p a t e and we could l e t M i l o s e v i c e x p l o i t
gaps.
f&)
President
Chirac:
The President: I t would be a b i g mistake. When we met w i t h him
i n P a r i s a f t e r Dayton, we thought we had him going i n the r i g h t
d i r e c t i o n . And then Kosovo. I f I c a l l , he w i l l see an
o p p o r t u n i t y t o r e w r i t e the terms of the n e g o t i a t i o n s . He must
know t h a t we do not want t o bomb but we w i l l . I don't t h i n k he
t h i n k s we have another agenda — but he wants t o avoid f o r e i g n
troops i n Serbia. f€-)
Foreign M i n i s t e r Vedrine:
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�CONFIDENTIAL
President Chirac:
1.4b. 1 4
.d
Secretary A l b r i g h t
The P r e s i d e n t : We can't be naive about t h i s ; non-compliance by
the UCK i s a r e a l problem.
But I'm also w o r r i e d t h a t i f they
t h i n k they are g e t t i n g a bad deal, they w i l l do something t o
f o r c e us t o withdraw, provoke M i l o s e v i c t o commit new
a t r o c i t i e s , and then we'd be faced w i t h a f r e e f o r a l l . We need
to keep d i s c i p l i n e d and keep focused on both sides. And one o f
the reasons we have t o be ready t o take r i s k s i s t h a t t h e r e are
so many o t h e r permutations t h a t would be worse than where we
are.
President Chirac:
1.4b, l.4d
Foreian M i n i s t e r Vedrine:
The P r e s i d e n t : Well, the f i r s t t h i n g we would have t o do i s t o
keep t h e c o n f l i c t from spreading. S t a b i l i z e Macedonia, see
where A l b a n i a i s , and Bosnia.
So s t a b i l i z i n g the perimeter
would be f i r s t , then focus on the core. We've got t o worry
about a Balkan echo e f f e c t . f£}
By the way, I met b r i e f l y w i t h t h e leaders o f A l b a n i a and
Macedonia a t our Prayer Breakfast. They're young, e n e r g e t i c ,
earnest. And they've been s u p p o r t i n g our e f f o r t s f o r t h e i r own
s t a b i l i t y . (GJ
President Chirac:
CONFIDENTIAL
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�CONFIDENTIAL
President Clinton:
1.4d
Samuel Berger: I don't want t o c u t t h i s s h o r t b u t I t h i n k i t ' s
time t o move i n t o the expanded session and t o t a l k about some of
the o t h e r items on the agenda. (U)
Expanded Session [Cabinet Room]
The P r e s i d e n t : Jacques, why don't we t a l k about t h e NATO Summit
meeting i n A p r i l , and also about the i n t e r n a t i o n a l
financial
system. We're i n no rush, b u t I would l i k e t o t a l k about Russia
and where you are on t h e Middle East. We saw each other i n
Amman, b u t t h a t was o n l y f o r a b r i e f conversation. I'm happy t o
s t a r t wherever you want. f&)
President Chirac:
The P r e s i d e n t :
President
What would you l i k e t o begin with?
I t ' s your choice.
(U)
Perhaps w i t h NATO? fe)
Chirac:
The P r e s i d e n t : Let me mention a few issues. F i r s t , I s t r o n g l y
support t h e work you and Prime M i n i s t e r B l a i r are doing on ESDI,
which should be p a r t of the summit r e s u l t s .
We need t o b u i l d on
GOHFI DDNT IJ
^LINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�CONFIDENTIAL
B e r l i n b u t make sure i t ' s p a r t o f NATO. This i s important as a
p r a c t i c a l matter t o keep the U.S. and Congress on board as we
w i t h problems r e q u i r i n g us send troops i n t o problem areas, as we
are p l a n n i n g f o r i n Kosovo. A capable ESDI w i l l be an important
development. We've already taken one step i n t h a t d i r e c t i o n
through t h e way KFOR i s e v o l v i n g — w i t h t h e Europeans p r o v i d i n g
85 percent and t h e United States 15 percent o f the f o r c e . So we
need t o continue t o b u i l d on the Berlin-framework and t o keep
ESDI p a r t o f NATO. But i t ' s also a very important next step i n
terms o f European i n t e g r a t i o n and l e a d e r s h i p . f&)
On mandates, our goal should always be t o a c t w i t h the
endorsement o f t h e UN. The problem i s unusual circumstances.
We have a r e a l problem agreeing i n advance t o a b l a n k e t
requirement when we can't p r e d i c t circumstances.
What we should
do i s proceed i n terms o f the purposes and p r i n c i p l e s o f the UN.
We need a formula t o a l l o w us t o pursue a c t i o n i n consistency
w i t h the UN b u t w i t h o u t g i v i n g Russia and China a veto over
e v e r y t h i n g we do. f G)
On Open Door, I agree i t must remain open.
the Romanians and Slovenes and others.
two.
We need t o encourage
1.4b. 1.4d
That could change i n a year or
I'm s u p p o r t i v e , b u t we need t o w a i t . f G)
g e t t i n g i n i s not so much the
My main problem w i t h
1.4d
f i n a n c i a l burden f o r admission but t h e pressure b u i l d i n g up t o
i n c l u d e t h e B a l t i c area as p a r t o f a second enlargement t i e r .
There's a f i n a n c i a l burden problem,
So what I'm w o r r i e d about
i s how t o manage the B a l t i c issue. I t ' s t h e most
difficult question,
still have tensions with the Russians over minorities rights and
energy. We don't want to complicate our efforts to support
Russia in restoring stability and growth. But over time, the
Baits should be in. {&)
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I'm f r a n k l y also w o r r i e d about the p o l i t i c a l i n t e r p l a y : what we
can get through Congress? Which c o u n t r i e s should we be pushing?
What happens i f we create second t i e r s t a t u s f o r others? What
do we do about the Baits?
I hate t a l k i n g about something I don't have an answer t o .
President Chirac:
On the l a s t question o f missions, there i s n o t h i n g major.
(C
-4
The P r e s i d e n t : The OAU argument sounds compelling b u t t h e r e i s
a l o g i c a l d i f f e r e n c e between a r e g i o n a l o r g a n i z a t i o n a c t i n g i n
c o n f l i c t w i t h p r i o r UN a c t i o n versus NATO t a k i n g a c t i o n n o t i n
c o n f l i c t w i t h e x i s t i n g UN p o l i c y . They are not p a r a l l e l . {My
S e c r e t a r y of State j u s t handed me a note.} Maybe we can go back
t o something l i k e the '94 Summit language o f f e r i n g t o get i n t o
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peacekeeping o p e r a t i o n s 'under the a u t h o r i t y and auspices o f t h e
UN' and read t h a t as a s o r t o f a u t h o r i t y ? fG-)
President Chirac:
Secretary A l b r i g h t :
President
1.4b, 1.4d
Another p o s s i b i l i t y i s no language a t a l l .
Chirac:
The P r e s i d e n t : Okay, now maybe we can t u r n t o the i n t e r n a t i o n a l
economy. Should we go t o lunch or continue t o t a l k ? (U)
President Chirac:
You are the host; whatever you p r e f e r .
The P r e s i d e n t : Let's go through i n t e r n a t i o n a l f i n a n c i a l
a r c h i t e c t u r e before we go t o lunch. I t ' l l improve t h e
digestion.
(U)
.Eresident Chirac:
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1.4b, 1.4d
The P r e s i d e n t : Thank you f o r a most comprehensive statement.
You r a i s e d s i x issues; I w i l l r u n through each q u i c k l y . (U)
On f i n a n c i a l reform, i t seems t o me the problem i s we had too
much enthusiasm f o r i n v e s t i n g i n Asia and Russia and o t h e r
emerging markets. We a l l were s u f f i c i e n t l y i n s e n s i t i v e t h a t
these o p p o r t u n i t i e s had t o be seen i n context of i n t e r m e d i a t e
systems and s t r u c t u r e s l a c k i n g i n t h e c o u n t r i e s , not j u s t the
investment funds here and the good p r o j e c t s t h e r e :
central
bank, t a x laws, s e c u r i t i e s and exchange commission, and a
banking system, so I t h i n k the f i r s t and most important t h i n g i s
to have good transparency i n the i n f r a s t r u c t u r e o f market
economy i n those c o u n t r i e s . (G
-4
Second, these problems have been aggravated by hedge funds,
because people can p u t up so l i t t l e and leverage so much. I t i s
a p p r o p r i a t e t o get our experts t o work on t h i s , b u t the o f f shore i s s u e w i l l remain a problem — there's always some place
to h i d e .
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Number t h r e e i s c o n t r a c t i o n . You mentioned the importance o f
the s o c i a l s a f e t y n e t . We agree but we also need t o recognize
t h a t we need some engine t o r e s t o r e growth. The problem i s
those c o u n t r i e s are burdened w i t h debt and debt s e r v i c i n g —
t h e r e are no funds a v a i l a b l e f o r the s a f e t y n e t . The problem o f
c o n t r a c t i o n i s how t o expand economies w i t h budget d e f i c i t s and
debt s e r v i c i n g w i t h o u t pouring good money a f t e r bad and w i t h o u t
adequate i n s t i t u t i o n s ? I n Russia, a l l o f the IMF money has
flowed out o f the country w i t h i n 48 hours.
Traditional
s o l u t i o n s t o a recession, l i k e pumping money i n t o the economy,
i s i n c o n s i s t e n t w i t h debts and d e f i c i t s . f&)
On debt r e l i e f , Schroeder has a good idea. I sent you a l e t t e r .
You r e a l l y s e n s i t i z e d me t o t h i s issue. I am open t o more
suggestions on debt r e l i e f . f&)
I agree w i t h you t h a t Wolfensohn hasn't got the resources t o
deal w i t h the problems he faces. We need t o be honest about
t h i s and concede they don't have enough funding t o do t h e i r j o b .
We need t o f i n d a way t o increase the I F I ' s resources.
fG}
At the G-7, I hope we can have a p r i v a t e , r e l a x e d c o n v e r s a t i o n
about our r e s p o n s i b i l i t i e s t o r e s t o r i n g growth. The problem o f
c o n t r a c t i o n i n t h e w o r l d economy i s d i s a s t r o u s f o r poor
c o u n t r i e s . I'm s o l d on the need f o r more debt r e l i e f . But
we're a l s o f a c i n g our l a r g e s t t r a d e d e f i c i t ever. We've been
w i l l i n g t o absorb exports because our economy i s s t r o n g and
unemployment low. I won't get p r o t e c t i o n i s t b u t we can't a l l o w
dumping, l i k e i n the case o f Japanese s t e e l . P r i m a r i l y we t r y
t o keep our markets, b u t also enforce our t r a d e laws. f&)
How can we help r e s t o r e growth i n Japan? I s there any way
Europe can take great Japanese imports and not slow European
growth down? I f you slow down, we've a l l got a problem. We
need a forum t o discuss t h i s t h a t won't f i n d i t s way i n t o the
newspapers the next day. f€4
On the Euro: Since the time I f i r s t ran f o r the presidency,
I've always been s u p p o r t i v e . I don't f e e l we're threatened or
c o m p e t i t i v e . Any t h i n g t h a t c o n t r i b u t e s t o Europe's i n t e g r a t i o n
and helps people improve t h e i r l i v e s i s good f o r us. Anything
t h a t makes democracy stronger i s good f o r us. I f you're
s t r o n g e r and can p l a y a more responsible r o l e , I'm f o r i t .
Don't worry about what you see i n the papers. There are
d i f f e r e n t issues y o u ' l l have t o work out f o r yourselves, l i k e
Spain and P o r t u g a l , b u t I'm f o r i t .
fG)
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F i n a l l y , we need t o f i n d a way f o r leaders t o express ourselves
to t h e p u b l i c on where we're going. Before we do i t , I suggest
we meet f i r s t a t the G-7 t o take stock o f where we are. Here's
why I t h i n k t h a t . When I f i r s t s t a r t e d , I thought o f the need
f o r B r e t t o n Woods I I — a m o d i f i e d r o l e f o r t h e IMF, World Bank,
and new accounting system i n developing c o u n t r i e s . We're doing
i t i n c r e m e n t a l l y . What we're l e f t w i t h i s t h e p i n k elephant i n
the l i v i n g room o f economic c o n t r a c t i o n and market economies and
democracy f a i l i n g m i l l i o n s — w i t h m i l l i o n s f a l l i n g back from
middle c l a s s t o p o v e r t y . The question i s how t o get growth
back, w i t h o u t i n f l a t i o n ? We need an i n t e r n a t i o n a l system t o
prevent t h e swing from boom t o bust. We've managed t o do i t a t
n a t i o n a l l e v e l s -- we need t o do i t i n t e r n a t i o n a l l y . (G)
-Robert Rubin: We share the same o b j e c t i v e s . The system needs
to f u n c t i o n b e t t e r . These questions are e x t r a o r d i n a r i l y
complicated and there are c o n f l i c t i n g s o l u t i o n s . The most
obvious t h i n g s t o do are not always so c l e a r . (U)
I want t o underscore what the President s a i d about being
p o s i t i v e about the Euro. And also t h a t we need p r i v a t e s e c t o r
c a p i t a l f o r developing c o u n t r i e s t o grow. We should a v o i d doing
a n y t h i n g t h a t would c u t o f f t h a t f l o w . (U)
The P r e s i d e n t : I was t a l k i n g about the g l o b a l f i n a n c i a l problem
as i f i t were one t h i n g . A c t u a l l y i t i s three b i g t h i n g s . The
g l o b a l f i n a n c i a l a r c h i t e c t u r e . And what t o do about
c o n t r a c t i o n . And how t o coordinate our e f f o r t s . At the end o f
the day, we need t o narrow t h e band of ups and downs and avoid
the pure h e l l o f a South Korea or Indonesian and don't have
c o u n t r i e s l i k e B r a z i l , Argentina and Mexico scared t o death
about what's going t o happen i f the cost of borrowing and
c a p i t a l go through t h e roof and b r i n g down the economy. What we
have are hundreds of m i l l i o n s o f i n d i v i d u a l s g e t t i n g screwed by
c o n t r a c t i o n s . So i n Germany, we need t o lead w i t h t h e r i g h t
a r c h i t e c t u r e . We need a long meeting, see how t o go forward.
We need t o go t o lunch.
i n d i g e s t i o n . (U)
See, I t o l d you I ' d give you
President Chirac:
The P r e s i d e n t :
Let's go t o lunch.
1.4b, 1.4d
(U)
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Lunch Session
[ A f t e r a c o n v e r s a t i o n i n which the President recounted t h e
h i s t o r y o f the Old Family Dining Room, s t o r i e s about t h e
Roosevelts, and e f f o r t s t o save the American b u f f a l o . ]
President Chirac:
1.4b, 1.4d
The P r e s i d e n t : Any o f the t h r e e can s t i l l w i n . I ' d have t o
give t h e advantage t o B i b i - f
14
.d
So I would see a r u n - o f f between
B i b i and one o f the other two. And the second round i s anyone's
guess. fG-)
P r e s i d e n t Chirac:
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1.4b, 1 4
.d
The President: If the Europeans were to take that position, it
could give Arafat cover. We can't because we're party to Oslo.
We'll stay with our position but it would be a very positive
development if your plan works. t^)
S e c r e t a r y A l b r i g h t : On the language, i t would be v e r y h e l p f u l
i f you were t o say you w i l l recognize the s t a t e 'that emerges
from permanent s t a t u s n e g o t i a t i o n s . ' That would show your
support f o r t h e process.
President Chirac:
The P r e s i d e n t : Well, I see a r e a l p o s s i b i l i t y t h e r e , b u t we
need t o t a l k about t h e s p e c i f i c language. I disagree on
Jerusalem — I t h i n k i t can be solved by a t e r r i t o r i a l f i x
through changing the boundaries. R e l i g i o u s s i t e s w i l l be t h e
toughest p a r t . But the fundamental problem i s t h a t t h e h e a r t o f
B i b i ' s base does not want t o give up land. But on your idea, I
l i k e i t , Europe can take a p o s i t i o n d i f f e r e n t from t h e U.S. The
p e r i o d from May 4 through May 17 w i l l be h i g h t e n s i o n . We need
to take t h e pressure o f f . f&)
President Chirac:
Foreign M i n i s t e r Vedrine:
The P r e s i d e n t :
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Secretary A l b r i g h t :
government. f&)
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There could also be a n a t i o n a l u n i t y
The P r e s i d e n t : Yes, o f course, i f t h e r e i s a r e a l s p l i t i n the
v o t i n g . And then, we could see progress on peace. f e i
President
Chirac:
The P r e s i d e n t : I have more questions than answers. Does the
f a c t t h a t Assad decided t o s t a r t the t r a n s i t i o n make an
agreement w i t h I s r a e l more o r less l i k e l y ? Without one, and
w i t h o u t good r e l a t i o n s w i t h the r e s t o f t h e world, S y r i a can not
have a long term r e l a t i o n s h i p w i t h a moderately independent
Lebanon nor i s i t l i k e l y t o stop s u p p o r t i n g t e r r o r i s m . I d i d n ' t
r e a l l y t a l k t o Assad i n Amman. fG}
President Chirac:
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The President: You think he is still willing to make a deal
with Israel during this transition? k€}
President Chirac:
1.4b, l.4d
The P r e s i d e n t : I ' l l keep t r y i n g t o get them t o g e t h e r .
I s r a e l i e l e c t i o n s make i t d i f f i c u l t . fe-)
But the
Jacques, t h e r e are a few other important issues we should touch
on. We r e a l l y need t o work out these t r a d e d i s p u t e s — bananas,
beef, h u s h k i t s . I thought I should mention them. And I r a q . I
hope t h i s w i l l n o t continue t o be an i r r i t a n t .
Saddam w i l l
e x p l o i t our d i f f e r e n c e s . We want t o work t o g e t h e r . We're open
to working toward common p o s i t i o n s . fG-)
President Chirac:
On I r a q , we w i l l f i n d a s o l u t i o n . We've made proposals f o r t h e
medium and the long term. For the short term, we need t o get
out o f t h i s c r i s i s . We are open t o s o l u t i o n s . fG-)
On beef, we're very s e n s i t i v e because o f mad cow disease and
because your product i s not n a t u r a l — we have t o be very
prudent. f&)
The P r e s i d e n t : I n terms of a new WTO round, we would l i k e t o do
something i n terms o f l a b o r standards. f&)
President Chirac:
Let me q u i c k l y mention t h e Sahara, where of course we support
the King o f Morocco. fG}
Samuel Berger: Mr. President, I gave my word of honor t o
Ambassador Bujon t h a t we would release President Chirac by
4:00 p.m. He's h o s t i n g a r e c e p t i o n a t t h e French embassy f o r
1,000 people and I promised the ambassador. We need t o s t a r t
p r e p a r i n g f o r t h e press conference. (U)
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President Chirac:
The President:
1.4b, l.4d
We t h i n k we should work w i t h Primakov. We hope
and a n a t i o n a l i s t .
1.4d
We want a strong Russia.
We're
better off with a strong Russia. We need to bolster him, give
him self-confidence. Primakov's the best we can do — smart,
strong, secure with the Duma. But this is very tricky. ^Q)
Okay, I don't want t o undermine Sandy's commitment t o the
ambassador. (U)
End o f Conversation
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Hasman, Thomas M.
From:
Sent:
To:
Subject:
Hasman, Thomas M.
Saturday, February 27,1999 2:51 PM
©CROSS - Cross Hatches
RE: Package 1357 - Memcon Between President and President Chirac of France
[rrNFIRFNTIfll] .
Changes made, diskette updated.
—Original Message—
From:
Blinken, Antony J.
Sent:
Saturday, February 27, 1999 1:18 PM
To:
Hasman, Thomas M.; Brown, Keirn C
Cc:
©EUROPE - European Affairs; ©CROSS - Cross Hatches; Rice, Edward A.
Subject:
RE: Package 1357 - Memcon Between President and President Chirac of Francei[CONriDCHTIAL]
.
Thanks, Tom.
1. "U36pts" should be "its", i.e. let NATO do its job
A bizarre glitch!
2. Should be: "pressure building up to include the Baltic area as part of a second enlargement tier."
Good catches.
-Original MessageFrom:
Hasman, Thomas M.
Sent:
Saturday, February 27,1999 1:10 PM
To:
Brown, Keirn C ; Blinken, Antony J.
Cc:
©EUROPE - European Affairs; ©CROSS - Cross Hatches; Rice, Edward A.
Subject: Package 1357 - Memcon Between President and President Chirac of France (CONriDCWIAl]
This memcon is in excellent shape. 2 small questions.
1. Page 5, The first time the President speaks (on this page), 1st to 2nd line it reads, "Let NATO do u36pts job
on the military side, ..."
Is u36pts right?
2. Page 8, third full paragraph (begins with the words "My main problem ..." The third line down seems to have a
missing word(s) -- ("building up to include the ???"). Can you help fill it in?
Thanks.
©Cross - Package is in the hold bin.
« File: 1357ChiracMemCon2.doc
»
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THE WHITE HOUSE
WAS H I N GTO N
MEMORANDUM OF CONVERSATION
SUBJECT:
O f f i c i a l Working V i s i t w i t h t h e President
and Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema of I t a l y
PARTICIPANTS:
The President
Thomas P i c k e r i n g , Under Secretary o f S t a t e
for P o l i t i c a l A f f a i r s
John Podesta, Chief o f S t a f f
Samuel R. Berger, A s s i s t a n t t o t h e President
for National Security A f f a i r s
Gene S p e r l i n g , A s s i s t a n t t o the President
f o r Economic A f f a i r s
Antony B l i n k e n , Special A s s i s t a n t t o t h e
President and Senior D i r e c t o r f o r European
A f f a i r s , NSC S t a f f (Notetaker)
Sim Smiley, I n t e r p r e t e r
Massimo D'Alema, Prime M i n i s t e r
Lamberto D i n i , Foreign M i n i s t e r
Ferdinando Salleo, Ambassador t o the U.S.
S i l v i o Fagiolo, Chief o f S t a f f t o the S t a f f
t o the Prime M i n i s t e r
Francesco O l i v i e r i , Diplomatic Advisor
Marta Dassu, I n t e r n a t i o n a l A f f a i r s Advisor
DATE, TIME
AND PLACE:
March 5, 10:30 a.m. - 11:00 a.m.
Oval O f f i c e
Oval O f f i c e / R e s t r i c t e d Session
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema: Mr. President, I am very pleased t o
meet you. There are many t h i n g s t o t a l k about. But l e t me
f i r s t say t h a t I am convinced t h a t between I t a l y and Europe and
the U n i t e d States we share a common way of t h i n k i n g and a common
way o f s o l v i n g problems. I heard your San Francisco speech. I
thought i t was a very good foundation f o r our d i s c u s s i o n s . I
a p p r e c i a t e the d e t e r m i n a t i o n o f the United States t o seek
s o l u t i o n s t o major problems and t o be engaged i n a dialogue w i t h
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Reason: 1.5(d)
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i n t e r n a t i o n a l i n s t i t u t i o n s and c o u n t r i e s around t h e w o r l d . I
b e l i e v e t h a t more than ever we need a United States t h a t never
considers withdrawing i n t o i t s own power. We need an outward
l o o k i n g America, b u t we i n Europe must assume r e s p o n s i b i l i t y
too. (U)
EO 13526 1.4b, EO 13526 1 4
.d
Samuel Berger:
And throughout America t o o . (U)
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema:
The President: Mr. Prime M i n i s t e r , you understand t h a t I must
be c a r e f u l i n what I say because there are o t h e r t r i a l s pending.
But I t h i n k t h e most important t h i n g I can say i s what I have
already s a i d : whatever mistakes were made, t h e U n i t e d States i s
r e s p o n s i b l e and we want t o do whatever i s p o s s i b l e t o make
t h i n g s r i g h t . Under our law t h e r e i s a d i f f e r e n c e between c i v i l
and c r i m i n a l l i a b i l i t y .
Some people have already been
d i s c i p l i n e d and dismissed.
I t i s important now t o deal w i t h the
t r i a l s t h a t are s t i l l there and t o see through whatever a c t i o n s
are a p p r o p r i a t e and t o see who i s r e s p o n s i b l e . I n terms o f
Capt. Ashby, t h e f i n d i n g was not t h a t he was not r e s p o n s i b l e b u t
more s p e c i f i c a l l y t h a t he was not c r i m i n a l l y r e s p o n s i b l e . The
United States must bear r e s p o n s i b i l i t y ; when t h e whole process
i s played o u t , you and a l l t h e people concerned must f e e l t h a t
j u s t i c e was done. fG)
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Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema:
The P r e s i d e n t :
I agree w i t h you. fG}
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema:
The P r e s i d e n t :
I agree. (G)
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema:
1
The P r e s i d e n t : Thank you, b u t l e t me j u s t add I know t h a t i t
has been a r e a l burden f o r you e s p e c i a l l y so e a r l y i n your term.
I f e e l t e r r i b l e about t h i s . fG)
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema: I n f a c t , my term began w i t h many
unpleasant t h i n g s . We had unexpected v i s i t o r s on our t e r r i t o r y .
And t h e r e was an accident i n Moscow when our a i r c r a f t was
damaged by the Russians. (U)
The P r e s i d e n t :
the a i r . (U)
On t h e runway?
That's c e r t a i n l y b e t t e r than i n
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1.4b, 1 4
.d
The P r e s i d e n t : You should be proud. I have spent so much o f my
time a r g u i n g w i t h conservatives here t h a t you can grow the
economy and s t i l l have a strong s o c i a l s a f e t y n e t . These are
not c o n t r a d i c t o r y goals, i n f a c t they are m u t u a l l y r e i n f o r c i n g .
We have been t r y i n g t o do here i n the U.S. what you i n I t a l y and
i n Europe take f o r granted. Family and medical leave,
c h i l d c a r e , h e a l t h care. The challenge f o r us has been how t o
preserve t h e s o c i a l s a f e t y net w h i l e g i v i n g the economy
f l e x i b i l i t y t o grow and c r e a t e j o b s . (U)
I spent years as governor t h i n k i n g about t h i s problem. I n f a c t ,
when I was governor I t r a v e l e d t o I t a l y . I wanted t o see how
small manufacturers shared f a c i l i t i e s , p r o d u c t i o n and
d i s t r i b u t i o n — a system t h a t can be t r a c e d t o the medieval
c r a f t g u i l d s — as a way o f sharing r e s p o n s i b i l i t y . Or take
France and Germany — though o f course t h i s i s a d i f f i c u l t
comparison because o f the enormous costs o f r e u n i f i c a t i o n .
Without them, I expect German growth would be 7-8 p e r c e n t . I n
any event, German labor costs are g r e a t e r than those i n France.
But the way each country spends these costs i s very d i f f e r e n t .
I n France, you get two years unemployment. The Germans focus
t h e i r resources on r e t r a i n i n g . The German system i s more
expensive b u t work o r i e n t e d . I n France, I argued w i t h Chirac
about t h e need t o move i n t h i s d i r e c t i o n and he agreed. But
r e a l l y , we on t h e l e f t need t o do i t because the r i g h t i s n o t
t r u s t e d on t h i s . You can't put people on the dole f o r two years
and then complain about unemployment. A t t h e same time, we
can't leave people i n t h e l u r c h . But what we have t o do i s
change psychologies, t o convince people t h a t there i s more
p r o f i t i n working than n o t , more p r o f i t i n t a k i n g r i s k s i n
s t a r t i n g new businesses than n o t . I n s h o r t , how do you b u i l d
s o c i a l cohesion but.make work and e n t r e p r e n e u r s h i p a t t r a c t i v e ?
(U)
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema:
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1.4b, 1.4d
The President: Only a f o o l would t u r n down an i n v i t a t i o n t o
come t o I t a l y . We d i d have good discussions. I know t h a t many
people i n I t a l y are s t r u g g l i n g w i t h these issues and throughout
Europe t o o . Before me, Wim Kok i n t h e Netherlands.
He managed
a grand b a r g a i n between business leaders and l a b o r unions.
They
now have the highest percentage o f p a r t - t i m e employees. This
has c r e a t e d major f l e x i b i l i t y .
These p a r t - t i m e employees earn
r e t i r e m e n t b e n e f i t s and pro r a t a vacations. And now I t h i n k the
unemployment r a t e i s something l i k e 6-1/2 percent.
I know
Jospin i n France i s t r y i n g t o come t o g r i p s w i t h these issues.
France had a t l e a s t t h r e e years o f growth o f more than 3 percent
but s t i l l t h e i r unemployment i s over 11 percent.
I know t h a t
I t a l i a n s would never t o l e r a t e l i v i n g w i t h o u t h e a l t h insurance
the way so many Americans do. We are not p e r f e c t . So I t h i n k
i t would be good t o have an o p p o r t u n i t y f o r a l l o f us t o
continue d i s c u s s i n g how t o promote economic success and s o c i a l
cohesion a t t h e same time. I would love t o do i t i f we can f i n d
the time. I have very good memories o f the time when I t a l y
hosted t h e G-7 then Mr. Berlusconi was the head o f government —
I guess he i s the o n l y one who i s not i n your government now.
(U)
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema:
The P r e s i d e n t :
We are f r i e n d s .
(U)
Well, I would l i k e t o pursue t h i s idea. (U)
Samuel Berger: Mr. President we don't want t o leave our
unemployed M i n i s t e r s i n the Cabinet Room too much longer. (U)
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The
the
ask
the
and
P r e s i d e n t : Okay. Mr. Prime M i n i s t e r , why don't we move t o
Cabinet Room f o r our expanded session, b u t as we do l e t me
you one non-business question: Are I t a l i a n s e x c i t e d about
success o f t h e movie " L i f e i s B e a u t i f u l " around the w o r l d
here i n t h e United States? (U)
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema: Yes, very much so. We were e s p e c i a l l y
e x c i t e d about t h e prospects o f the Oscars. (U)
The President: Well, I have t o t e l l you I love t h a t movie.
laughed, I c r i e d . (U)
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema: Yes, I agree.
f r i e n d o f Roberto B e n i g n i . (U)
The P r e s i d e n t :
(U)
I
You know I am a good
Please t e l l him t h a t I am h i s number one f a n .
EXPANDED SESSION/CABINET ROOM
PARTICIPANTS:
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The President
Robert E. Rubin, Secretary o f t h e Treasury
Thomas P i c k e r i n g , Under Secretary o f State
for P o l i t i c a l A f f a i r s
Louis Caldera, A c t i n g Secretary o f Defense
John Podesta, Chief o f S t a f f
Samuel Berger, A s s i s t a n t t o t h e President
for N a t i o n a l S e c u r i t y A f f a i r s
Gene S p e r l i n g , A s s i s t a n t t o t h e President
for Economic A f f a i r s
James Cunningham, Deputy Chief o f Mission
Marc Grossman, A s s i s t a n t Secretary f o r
European and Canadian A f f a i r s
James Steinberg, Deputy A s s i s t a n t t o t h e
President f o r N a t i o n a l S e c u r i t y A f f a i r s
Lael Brainard, Deputy A s s i s t a n t t o the
President and Deputy D i r e c t o r NEC
Donald Bandler, Special A s s i s t a n t t o t h e
President and Counselor t o N a t i o n a l
S e c u r i t y Adviser f o r the NATO Summit
Antony B l i n k e n , Special A s s i s t a n t t o the
President and Senior D i r e c t o r f o r European
A f f a i r s , NSC S t a f f (Notetaker)
Miriam Sapiro, D i r e c t o r f o r European A f f a i r s
Sim Smiley, I n t e r p r e t e r
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I t a l i a n Participants
Prime M i n i s t e r Massimo D'Alema
Lamberto D i n i , Foreign M i n i s t e r
Ferdinando Salleo, Ambassador t o the U.S.
S i l v i o Fagiolo, Chief o f S t a f f t o t h e
Prime M i n i s t e r
Francesco O l i v i e r i , Diplomataic Advisor
General Giuseppi Cucchi, M i l i t a r y Advisor
Giampiero Massolo, Spokesman f o r t h e
Foreign M i n i s t e r
Pasquale Cascella, Spokesman f o r t h e
Foreign M i n i s t e r
Marta Dassu, I n t e r n a t i o n a l A f f a i r s Advisor
Claudio Caprara, Press Attache
DATE, TIME
AND PLACE:
March 5, 11:00 a.m. - 11:40 a.m.
Cabinet Room
The P r e s i d e n t : Well, Mr. Prime M i n i s t e r , l e t me welcome you
again i n a l a r g e r group. We had a good t a l k about a number
issues i n our e a r l i e r session, and now I would l i k e t o t u r n the
f l o o r t o you. We can t a l k about a couple o f issues and then
I ' l l take you t o lunch. (U)
I should say i t won't be anything l i k e an I t a l i a n lunch. I have
to t e l l you I had such a lunch one day i n San Gimignagno,
s i t t i n g i n a square w i t h frescoes a l l around. I loved i t . (U)
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema: I ' d l i k e t o t a l k about my impression on
two issues t h a t I have been studying over a couple o f recent
meetings.
These are r a t h e r important issues. (U)
1.4b, 1.4d
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Secretary Rubin:
The
President:
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The P r e s i d e n t : That's a scene you should s c r i p t i n t o your next
I t a l i a n h o r r o r movie. fG)
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema:
The P r e s i d e n t : I ' l l have t o remember t o use t h a t l i n e w i t h
Congress. That might help me i n g e t t i n g money f o r Jordan. fG}
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema:
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14, 14
.b .d
The President
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Sorry t o be so long-winded about t h i s , but i t i s so t e r r i b l y
important I wanted t o go i n t o some d e t a i l .
f&)
S h a l l we go on t o lunch and f i n i s h our d i s c u s s i o n there?
(U)
LUNCH
PARTICIPANTS:
The President
Thomas P i c k e r i n g , Under Secretary o f State
for P o l i t i c a l A f f a i r s
Louis Caldera, A c t i n g Secretary o f Defense
John Podesta, Chief o f S t a f f
Samuel Berger, A s s i s t a n t t o the President
for National Security A f f a i r s
Gene S p e r l i n g , A s s i s t a n t t o the President
f o r Economic A f f a i r s
James Cunningham, Deputy Chief o f Mission
Marc Grossman, A s s i s t a n t Secretary f o r
European and Canadian A f f a i r s
James Steinberg, Deputy A s s i s t a n t t o the
President f o r N a t i o n a l S e c u r i t y A f f a i r s
Antony B l i n k e n , Special A s s i s t a n t t o the
President and Senior D i r e c t o r f o r European
A f f a i r s , NSC S t a f f (Notetaker)
I t a l i a n Participants
Massimo D'Alema, Prime M i n i s t e r
Lamberto D i n i , Foreign M i n i s t e r
Ferdinando Salleo, Ambassador t o the U.S.
S i l v i o Fagiolo, Chief o f S t a f f t o the
Prime M i n i s t e r
LLM D 1DILN1' l-Mfj
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Francesco O l i v i e r i , Diplomataic Advisor
General Giuseppi Cucchi, M i l i t a r y Advisor
Giampiero Massolo, Spokesman f o r t h e
Foreign M i n i s t e r
Pasquale Cascella, Spokesman f o r t h e
Prime M i n i s t e r
Marta Dassu, I n t e r n a t i o n a l A f f a i r s Advisor
Claudio Caprara, Press Attache
DATE, TIME
AND PLACE:
March 5, 1999, 11:55 a.m. - 12:55 p.m.
Old Family Dining Room
The President
Now maybe we can t u r n t o Kosovo. Let me f i r s t say t h a t I
a p p r e c i a t e very much what you said and the u n i t y o f t h e
Alliance.
I t h i n k we have a r e a l chance t o get t h e KosovarAlbanians t o agree. I appreciate the commitment you've made t o
an i n t e r n a t i o n a l force i f i n f a c t t h e r e i s one. Now, the b i g
q u e s t i o n before us i s what i f the Kosovars say yes b u t M i l o s e v i c
says no? Under the e x i s t i n g p o l i c y o f NATO, we must be prepared
t o take a i r a c t i o n t o reduce h i s c a p a c i t y t o h u r t t h e KosovarAlbanians. I n t h e end, I t h i n k t h a t M i l o s e v i c w i l l agree b u t
o n l y i f he b e l i e v e s we are prepared t o f o l l o w through w i t h our
t h r e a t s . He's got h i s own tremendous economic problems,
n a t i o n a l i s t sentiment i n Serbia, m i n o r i t y problems.
I've argued
t h a t t h e only way Serbia has a chance t o keep Kosovo w i t h i n i t s
t e r r i t o r y i s t o go back t o the autonomy t h a t was taken away a
decade ago. And the o n l y way t o get back t o t h a t i s f o r t h e r e
t o be a m u l t i n a t i o n a l force t o implement the agreement.
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Milosevic should not see that as a threat. But i n the end, the
fundamental reason he w i l l accept i s i f he concludes that i t
would be too p a i n f u l f o r him i f he doesn't, fe}
Prime Minister D'Alema:
The President:
You d i d too, when you were his age. te)
Prime Minister D'Alema:
GOMn DENT IAL,
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1.4b, 1.4d
The President: I n Bosnia, we s a i d no ground f o r c e s u n t i l t h e r e
was an agreement. Now, i f t h e worse happens and t h e scenario
you sketched occurs, I b e l i e v e the Serbs w i l l a t t a c k anyway, no
matter what we do. We need t o s t r i k e because we s a i d t h a t we
would. I f they a t t a c k , we w i l l continue. I b e l i e v e t h a t
M i l o s e v i c w i l l then accept a m u l t i n a t i o n a l f o r c e , te}
The i n t e r e s t i n g t h i n g i s t h a t they have b a s i c a l l y agreed on what
Kosovar autonomy should look l i k e over t h e next t h r e e years.
The s t i c k i n g p o i n t i s about NATO. M i l o s e v i c may look f o r a face
saving way out. But i f he refuses, i f he says t h e h e l l w i t h
peace, we w i l l have t o continue t o h i t him — t h e same t h i n g we
d i d i n Bosnia which i s how we got the agreement. t&)
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema:
Samuel Berger: To underscore what t h e President s a i d , we face
t h i s dilemma e i t h e r way. I f M i l o s e v i c says no, and we say t h e r e
are no consequences, then there i s no deterrence on him, he has
c a l l e d our b l u f f , we walk away, he has a f r e e r i d e t o P r i s t i n a .
The a l t e r n a t i v e i s t o t h r e a t e n him c l e a r l y before t h e r e i s a
f a i l u r e i n t h e n e g o t i a t i o n s and then t o f o l l o w through i f t h e r e
i s one t h a t he's r e s p o n s i b l e f o r . That would make i t more
l i k e l y t o d e t e r him from an assault because he knows t h a t t h e
consequences would be very s e r i o u s . fG-)
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema:
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1.4b, 1.4d
The President: Thank you, Mr. Prime M i n i s t e r — I know we w i l l
a l l keep t a l k i n g about t h i s i n the days ahead. I f I may, l e t me
say a couple o f b r i e f words about NATO. I read your a r t i c l e i n
the I n t e r n a t i o n a l Herald Tribune. I thought i t was very good.
I want t o r e s t a t e my strong support f o r ESDI and the open door.
I hope we can f i n d language t o b r i d g e the d i f f e r e n c e o f o p i n i o n
w i t h the French on the need f o r a UN sanction o f NATO a c t i o n .
We b e l i e v e i n a c t i n g c o n s i s t e n t w i t h UN p r i n c i p l e s and purposes.
But we don't want t o see i t become a requirement. Keep i n mind
t h a t the Charter says t h a t a t h r e a t to one i s a t h r e a t t o a l l .
Now e s p e c i a l l y w i t h expansion, the t h r e a t t o the s e c u r i t y o f one
NATO member could come even more e a s i l y than before from a t t a c k s
from beyond NATO's borders. I hope and b e l i e v e we can get
around t h i s problem. I b e l i e v e t h a t we w i l l . fG}
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema:
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14, 14
.b .d
The President
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Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema
The P r e s i d e n t : Let's t h i n k about t h a t . I t i s an i n t e r e s t i n g
idea. Now i f you don't mind a few words about Libya and I r a n .
The P r e s i d e n t : Let me f i r s t say on Libya t h a t we t h i n k we have
an agreement on PAM 103 but the Libyans have y e t t o a c t . I f
they do a c t , we w i l l suspend sanctions. Then t h e r e w i l l be 90
days f o r t h e United Nations t o issue a r e p o r t on f u r t h e r a c t i o n .
We have come along way on t h i s . I hate t o see us f a l l s h o r t ,
e s p e c i a l l y w i t h a l l the other problems i n t h e r e g i o n . I hope
you can help us w i t h t h i s . fG}
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema:
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1.4b, 1.4d
Samuel Berger: The b i g problem on the t a b l e i s t h a t t h e Libyans
have t o t u r n over the suspects.
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema:
Of course, I understand, fe)
The President: Let me make c l e a r t h a t t h i s i s not a game or
some k i n d o f American obsession. S e t t l i n g t h i s would help
s t a b i l i z e North A f r i c a . I t would be good p s y c h o l o g i c a l l y , fe-)
COliriDDNTIAh.
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The President: I grew up i n a church where people were n o t
allowed t o d r i n k a l c o h o l . We had communion w i t h grape j u i c e and
so we would wink a t t h e f a c t t h a t Jesus drank wine. You become
an expert a t s o c i a l hypocrisy. f&)
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema:
The President:
GONriDENTIAh
T e l l him we are very e n t h u s i a s t i c about h i s
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Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema:
I t would be good f o r us t o o .
We agree
1.4b, 1.4d
The President: I hate t h i s . I t has been going on f o r 10 years.
We have won t h i s case f o u r times, twice since I have been
P r e s i d e n t . I know t h a t a major problem i s European
r e s p o n s i b i l i t y t o the Caribbean Islands which are v u l n e r a b l e t o
drug t r a f f i c .
We have t h a t r e s p o n s i b i l i t y t o o — I j u s t sent
l e g i s l a t i o n t o Congress t o ask them f o r s u b s t a n t i a l l y more money
f o r t h e Caribbean. We have a r e s p o n s i b i l i t y t o these c o u n t r i e s .
We must h e l p them d i v e r s i f y t h e i r economies. And so I t h i n k the
U n i t e d States and c o u n t r i e s l i k e France and others w i t h c o l o n i a l
h i s t o r y should take the lead t o help d i v e r s i f y these economies
and r a i s e t h e standard o f l i v i n g . I t h i n k we can do t h i s w i t h
r e l a t i v e l y small investments. Keep i n mind I have t o f i g h t both
the l e f t and the r i g h t on p r o t e c t i o n i s m i n t h i s country. I f we
don't p r o t e c t the WTO process, we're going t o lose t h a t f i g h t .
f€4
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema:
Mr. President, thank you so much f o r t h i s wonderful lunch.
There i s one matter I also wanted t o r a i s e before we f i n i s h and
The P r e s i d e n t :
Yes, I know about the case. fG)
Prime M i n i s t e r D'Alema:
The P r e s i d e n t : I agree t h a t t h i s i s an issue f o r our j u s t i c e
m i n i s t e r s and t h a t they should t a l k . f€4
End o f Conversation
CONriDDHTIMj
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�2055
- SEGRET>
THE WHITE HOUSE
WAS HIN GTO N
TELEPHONE CALLS WITH
EUROPEAN LEADERS ON KOSOVO
DATE: March 23, 1999
LOCATION: TBD
TIME: TBD
FROM: SAMUEL BERGER
I.
PURPOSE
Secure support f o r next steps on Kosovo.
II.
BACKGROUND
Your c a l l s t o B l a i r , and t o Chirac and Schroeder ( d i n i n g
together i n B e r l i n ) w i l l confirm t h a t , w i t h Ambassador
Holbrooke's departure from Belgrade, we have exhausted
diplomatic e f f o r t s t o f i n d a peaceful s o l u t i o n , and t h e
focus now s h i f t s t o Brussels and NATO a c t i o n . Your c a l l t o
Solana w i l l c o n f i r m t h a t those three key A l l i e s are on
board f o r a i r operations. By the time you speak t o Solana,
Ambassador Holbrooke should already have stopped i n
Brussels t o b r i e f him and NATO Ambassadors on h i s t r i p .
Solana i s prepared t o authorize SACEUR t o execute a i r
s t r i k e s a f t e r your conversation.
I n your c a l l s , you should emphasize t h a t NATO has shown
s t r o n g u n i t y and determination so f a r , and that t h i s
resolve w i l l be even more important i n the days ahead. You
could mention t h a t Prime M i n i s t e r Primakov has decided t o
postpone h i s v i s i t t o the United States and emphasize t h a t
we hope t o continue t o work closely w i t h Russia, despite
i t s clear o p p o s i t i o n t o NATO s t r i k e s . We share w i t h Russia
the u l t i m a t e o b j e c t i v e — a peaceful r e s o l u t i o n t o the
crisis.
Attachments
Tab A Points t o make f o r Prime Minister B l a i r and Chancellor
Schroeder
Tab B Points t o make f o r President Chirac
Tab C Points t o make f o r Secretary General Solana
Reason: 1.5(b)(c)
D e c l a s s i f y Or^ 3/23/09
m m
DECLASSIFIED
PER E.0.13526
LIBRARY
DU
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OY
�IMMEDIATE
• CL I NTO^M^WWHOTOCOPY
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 01 OF 02
PRT: BERGER COMM COSGRIFF DAVIES FUERTH HACHIGIAN KERRICK RICEE SIT
STEINBERG SUTPHEN
SIT: ALLEN ARVIZU BELL BRADEN BROWN BUTLER CLARKER COQ DAVIDSON FLANAGAN
GUARNIERI HURLEY KAUFMAN KEITH LIEBERTHAL OSIUS PRITCHARD SAPIRO SCHULTE
SUM2 VACCARO
SIT: NSC
<PREC> IMMEDIATE <CLAS> CONFIDENTIAL
<DTG> 242000Z MAR 99
FM THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON DC
TO RUEHBJ/AMEMBASSY BEIJING//NIACT
INFO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASH DC//
C 0 N • F I D E N T I Ji L
QQQQ
FOR CHARGE: PLEASE DELIVER IMMEDIATELY THE FOLLOWING MESSAGE FROM
PRESIDENT CLINTON TO PRESIDENT JIANG. NO SIGNED ORIGINAL WILL
FOLLOW. PLEASE REPORT TO WHITE HOUSE SITROOM (202/456-9431) WHEN
LETTER I S RECEIVED AND WHEN DELIVERED.
BEGIN TEXT:
DEAR MR. PRESIDENT:
1
PAGE 2 RHEHAAA2 531 G 0 N J I D D H T I A L.
AS YOU WILL HAVE NO DOUBT HEARD DURING YOUR MEETINGS WITH
EUROPEAN LEADERS, FOR MANY WEEKS THE UNITED STATES, EUROPE
AND RUSSIA HAVE BEEN WORKING INTENSIVELY THROUGH DIPLOMATIC
CHANNELS TO BRING ABOUT A PEACEFUL RESOLUTION TO THE CRISIS I N
KOSOVO. THIS CRISIS WAS BROUGHT ON BY THE GOVERNMENT OF THE
FRY, WHICH HAS DEPRIVED THE PEOPLE OF KOSOVO OF THEIR
CONSTITUTIONAL AUTONOMY AND WAGED A BRUTAL CAMPAIGN OF
REPRESSION; BURNING VILLAGES AND KILLING INNOCENT CIVILIANS.
THANKS TO OUR WORK TOGETHER AT THE UN, LAST YEAR THE SECURITY
COUNCIL ADOPTED UNSCR 1199, UNDER CHAPTER 7 OF THE UN CHARTER,
WHICH AFFIRMED THAT THE CRISIS I S A THREAT TO PEACE AND
SECURITY I N THE REGION AND CALLED ON THE FRY TO.CEASE
REPRESSION OF THE CIVILIAN POPULATION, HALT HOSTILITIES,
OBSERVE A CEASE-FIRE AND IMPROVE THE HUMANITARIAN SITUATION.
ALTHOUGH OUR EFFORTS LED TO A TEMPORARY EASING OF THE CRISIS
I N OCTOBER, REGRETTABLY, THE FRY GOVERNMENT HAS RETURNED TO
ITS OFFENSIVE CAMPAIGN, THREATENING A HUMAN CATASTROPHE AND
A WIDER INTERNATIONAL WAR.
UNDER THESE CIRCUMSTANCES, THE UNITED STATES, FRANCE, GREAT P E R E.O. 13526
-eONRBENTtAL
�IMMEDIATE
' CLINTON^fffl^WiOTOCOPY
WHITE HOUSE SITUATION ROOM
PAGE 02 OF 02
PAGE 3
RHEHAAA2 531 O O M P I D B N T I
A-L
BRITAIN AND OUR OTHER NATO PARTNERS CONCLUDED THAT WE HAVE
NO CHOICE BUT TO USE CAREFULLY FOCUSED AIRSTRIKES AGAINST
THOSE FORCES OF THE FRY GOVERNMENT THAT ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR
THE OFFENSIVE. I AM AWARE THAT YOUR GOVERNMENT DOES NOT
FAVOR THE USE OF FORCE, BUT WE ARE CONVINCED THAT WE HAVE NO
CHOICE BUT TO ACT NOW TO AVOID A FURTHER, WIDER DISASTER. WE
REMAIN PREPARED AT ALL TIMES TO RETURN TO DIPLOMACY I F THE
FRY GOVERNMENT MAKES CLEAR THAT I T I S PREPARED.TO ACCEPT
PROPOSALS, PRESENTED BY THE CONTACT GROUP DURING THE
NEGOTIATIONS I N FRANCE, OF THE US, EU AND RUSSIA.
I WISH YOU WELL DURING YOUR TRAVEL I N EUROPE. I LOOK FORWARD
TO THE V I S I T OF PREMIER ZHU NEXT MONTH AND TO CONTINUING OUR
CLOSE CONSULTATIONS ON KOSOVO AND THE MANY IMPORTANT ISSUES
ON WHICH WE HAVE BEEN WORKING.
SINCERELY,
WILLIAM J. CLINTON
DECL: X I
PAGE 4 RHEHAAA2 531 C 0 N F I D E •M T I A L
< SECT>SECTION: 0 1 OF 01
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WASHINGTON
^
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THE PRESIDENT HAS SEEN
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P OO OY
HTCP
W C HANDWRITING
J
( ; ^ CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�•
D E C R E T
'
2 0 5 5
THh PRESIDENT HAS SEEN
POINTS TO BE MADE FOR
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH
PRIME MINISTER BLAIR AND CHANCELLOR SCHROEDER
M i l o s e v i c gave Ambassador Holbrooke no i n d i c a t i o n that he has
any i n t e n t i o n o f n e g o t i a t i n g a peaceful s o l u t i o n to the c r i s i s
i n Kosovo.
He refused even t o agree to a cease-fire and continued t o
r e j e c t an i n t e r n a t i o n a l m i l i t a r y presence t o implement
agreement, without which i t i s unenforceable.
His posture was threatening and b e l l i g e r e n t . We've concluded
h i s only i n t e n t i o n i s t o unleash greater violence i n Kosovo.
Only course o f a c t i o n now i s NATO preparations f o r a i r
operations. I've j u s t been b r i e f e d by my m i l i t a r y and f o r e i g n
p o l i c y team. I am ready t o support NATO f u l l y and understand
t h a t you are as w e l l .
Also want you t o know that Prime M i n i s t e r Primakov has
postponed h i s t r i p t o Washington. Best outcome under
circumstances but want t o continue t o work c l o s e l y w i t h him.
Share ultimate o b j e c t i v e : a peaceful s o l u t i o n t o the c r i s i s .
DECLASSIFIED
PER E.O. 13S26
.SSCRET-'
Reason:
1.5(b) (d)
D e c l a s s i f y On:
3/23/09
U
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
\
PHOTOCOPY
WJC HANDWRITING
�—SECRET^
2055
POINTS TO BE MADE FOR
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH
PRESIDENT CHIRAC
M i l o s e v i c gave Ambassador Holbrooke no i n d i c a t i o n t h a t he has
any i n t e n t i o n o f n e g o t i a t i n g a peaceful s o l u t i o n t o the c r i s i s
i n Kosovo.
He refused even t o agree t o a cease-fire and continued t o
r e j e c t an i n t e r n a t i o n a l m i l i t a r y presence t o implement
agreement, without which i t i s unenforceable.
His
his
posture was threatening and b e l l i g e r e n t . We've concluded
o n l y i n t e n t i o n i s t o unleash greater violence i n Kosovo.
Heard your press comments n o t i n g diplomatic s o l u t i o n has
f a i l e d and necessary conclusions w i l l be drawn i n l i g h t o f the
plans t h a t have been prepared.
Only course o f a c t i o n now i s NATO preparations f o r a i r
operations. I've j u s t been b r i e f e d by my m i l i t a r y and f o r e i g n
p o l i c y team. I am ready t o support NATO f u l l y and understand
t h a t you are as w e l l .
Also want you t o know t h a t Prime Minister Primakov has
postponed h i s t r i p t o Washington. Best outcome under
circumstances b u t want t o continue to work c l o s e l y w i t h him.
Share u l t i m a t e o b j e c t i v e : a peaceful s o l u t i o n t o the c r i s i s .
SECRET '
Reason: 1.5(b) (d)
Declassify 0
:
DECLASSIFIED
PER E.O. 13526
H i f f f d LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�NATIONAL SECURITY
2262
COUNCIL
W A S H I N G T O N , D.C. 2 0 5 0 4
March 29, 1999
ACTION
MEMORANDUM FOR SAMUEL R. BERGER
FROM:
GREG SCHULTE
SUBJECT:
P r e s i d e n t i a l Message t o French P r e s i d e n t C h i r a c
A t t a c h e d a t Tab I i s a P r e s i d e n t i a l message t o French P r e s i d e n t
C h i r a c p e r your r e q u e s t . A l s o i n c l u d e d i n t h e message i s
o p t i o n a l language on Phase I I I i f you w i s h t o i n c l u d e i t .
RECOMMENDATION
That you a u t h o r i z e t h e t r a n s m i t t a l o f t h e message a t Tab I .
Approve
( f j l ^ Disapprove
Attachment
Tab I D r a f t P r e s i d e n t i a l message
JDCRET
Reason:
1.5(a,b,d)
PER E.0.13526
Declassify C^Lr#"F0^ LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�-OECRET
PREC:
IMMEDIATE
NIACT
FROM:
THE WHITE HOUSE
TO:
AMEMBASSY PARIS
INFO:
SECSTATE WASHDC
SUBJECT:
MESSAGE TO PRESIDENT CHIRAC RE SITUATION I N KOSOVO
1. AMBASSADOR OR DCM: PLEASE PASS THE FOLLOWING MESSAGE FROM
PRESIDENT CLINTON TO PRESIDENT CHIRAC AT THE EARLIEST
OPPORTUNITY. NO SIGNED ORIGINAL TO FOLLOW. PLEASE REPORT TO
WHITE HOUSE SITROOM (202-456-9431) WHEN MESSAGE IS RECEIVED AND
WHEN DELIVERED.
BEGIN TEXT
DEAR JACQUES:
I PLANNED TO CALL YOU THIS EVENING BUT DECIDED TO SEND YOU A
NOTE WHEN I LEARNED THAT YOU HAD RETIRED FOR THE EVENING. I
WANT TO SHARE MY THINKING ABOUT KOSOVO, WHERE, AS YOU KNOW,
MILOSEVIC CONTINUES HIS SYSTEMATIC CAMPAIGN OF TERROR AND
EXPULSIONS.
YOUR SPEECH TO THE FRENCH PEOPLE WAS CARRIED LIVE BY CNN. I T
WAS TERRIFIC. I AGREE WITH YOUR STATEMENT THAT THERE IS NO ROOM
IN EUROPE FOR BELGRADE'S POLICY OF ETHNIC CLEANSING, MURDERS AND
MASSACRES. I ALSO AGREE WITH YOUR STATEMENT THAT NATO'S ACTION
NEEDS TIME AND DETERMINATION AND THAT AIR STRIKES MUST BE
SUSTAINED I N ORDER TO REDUCE BELGRADE'S MEANS OF AGGRESSION.
YESTERDAY, I N IMPLEMENTING PHASE I I OF NATO'S OPERATION, ALLIED
AIRCRAFT SUCCESSFULLY HIT SOME OF THE FORCES CARRYING OUT THESE
ATROCITIES.
I HOPE FOR MORE SUCCESS TONIGHT. BUT WE CANNOT
COUNT ON THE TACTICAL USE OF AIRPOWER ALONE TO STOP THE SERB
FORCES. FOR THIS REASON, I THINK WE NOW NEED TO AUTHORIZE PHASE
III.
MILOSEVIC MUST UNDERSTAND THAT WE ARE PREPARED TO HIT HIM
NOT ONLY I N AND AROUND KOSOVO, BUT ALSO THROUGHOUT THE REST OF
SERBIA AND AGAINST KEY TARGETS I N BELGRADE ITSELF.
IT IS IMPORTANT THAT WE STAY IN CLOSE TOUCH ON THE DIPLOMATIC
TRACK AS WELL. I T IS VERY POSSIBLE THAT MILOSEVIC WILL OFFER
PRIMAKOV SOME MODEST CONCESSIONS, SUCH AS A CEASE-FIRE I N PLACE
L N O L B A Y P O O O Y PERE.O.
I T N I R R HTCP
�I F NATO AIR STRIKES STOP. OR HE MIGHT OFFER TO RESTART
NEGOTIATIONS ON THE POLITICAL CHAPTERS OF THE RAMBOUILLET
ACCORDS. I T WILL BE VERY IMPORTANT THAT WE REMAIN FIRM AND
UNITED I N WHAT WE EXPECT FROM MILOSEVIC: A PULL-BACK OF HIS
FORCES AND AN INTERIM SETTLEMENT BASED ON THE RAMBOUILLET
FRAMEWORK. I F MILOSEVIC REMAINS DEFIANT, NATO'S AIR STRIKES
MUST CONTINUE.
I LOOK FORWARD TO TALKING WITH YOU IN THE COMING DAYS.
SINCERELY,
BILL
END TEXT
C I T N L B A Y POOOY
L N O I R R HTCP
�-flfiCRET
PREC:
IMMEDIATE
FROM:
THE WHITE HOUSE
TO:
AMEMBASSY PARIS
INFO:
SECSTATE WASHDC
SUBJECT:
MESSAGE TO PRESIDENT CHIRAC RE SITUATK
NIACT
IN KOSOVO
1. AMBASSADOR OR DCM: PLEASE PASS THE FOLLOWING MESSAGE FROM
PRESIDENT CLINTON TO PRESIDENT CHIRAC AT THE/EARLIEST
OPPORTUNITY. NO SIGNED ORIGINAL TO FOLLOW 7 PLEASE REPORT TO
WHITE HOUSE SITROOM (202-456-9431 . WHEN MESSAGE IS RECEIVED AND
:
•
WHEN DELIVERED.
BEGIN TEXT
DEAR JACQUES:
r
WHEN I
P©E&
I PLANNED TO CALL YOU THIS EVENING SUT
THAT YOU HAD RETIRED/FOR THE EVENING.
WANTS©-TO TMSr
ABOUT KOSOVO, WHERE ./MILOSEVIC CON/INUES HIS SYSTEMATIC CAMPAIGJ
OF TERROR AND EXPULSIONS.
FLRES ARE BURNING IN TOWNS
ULLAGES THROUGHOUT KOSOVO.
SECURITY TORCES ARE CONDU INQf MASS EXPU; 5IONS ON A SCALE WELL
BEYOND TWAT oV LAST YEAR
THE OSCEAIEPORTED A
T/BS MORNING
RIVER"J/OF RE GEES FLOWING/INTO ALBANIA, A R R I V I N G I A T A RATE OF
,000 AN HOUR. OVER 2^,00/) ETHfJIC AL^ANI . S HAVE FLED ANTO
N
l^IACEDONIA OVER\ THE L^ST
W D A Y ^ A l ^ THOASAND^ MORE ARE COMING
lACiyDAY.
ANoVg^ARE RI EIVING MOUNTING REEORTS OFXAyROCITLES,
J U D I N G THE DELIBERA1
KILLING OF ETHNIC ALBANIAN POLOTIZIANS
AND INTELLIGENTSIA.
YOUR SPEECH TO THE JRENCH PEOPLE WAS CARRIED LIVE BY CNN. I T
WAS TERRIFIC. I AfSREE WITH YOUR STATEMENT THAT THERE IS NO ROOM
IN EUROPE FOR BELGRADE'S POLICY CF ETHNIC CLEANSING, MURDERS AND
MASSACRES. I AL^O AGREE WITH YOUR STATEMENT THAT NATO'S ACTION
NEEDS TIME AND DETERMINATION AND THAT AIR STRIKES MUST BE
SUSTAINED I N Oi^DER TO REDUCE BELGRADE'S MEANS OF AGGRESSION.
OPTIONAL LANGUAGE ON PHASE I I I :
^YESTERDAY, I N IMPLEMENTING
PHASE
OF''NATO'S OPERATION, ALLIED AIRCRAFT SUCCESSFULLY HIT
SOME OF T H ' FORCES CARRYING OUT THESE ATROCITIES.
/E'
I HOPE FOR
iCLASSIFlED
CLINTON LIBRARY P
H COPY PER E.0.13526
�MORE SUCCESS TONIGHT. BUT W CANNOT COUNT ON THE TACTICAL USE
E
OF AIRPOWER ALONE TO STOP THE SERB FORCES. FOR THIS REASON, I
THINK W N W NEED TO AUTHORIZE PHASE I I I . MILOSEVIC MUST
E O
UNDERSTAND THAT W ARE PREPARED TC HIT HIM HARD NOT ONLY IN AND
E
AROUND KOSOVO, BUT ALSO THROUGHOUT THE REST OF SERBIA AND
AGAINST KEY TARGETS IN BELGRADE ITSELF.f
YOUR OFFICIALS
^T YOU HA\ iPOKEN
W UNDERSTAND FI
E
ER PRU
V iBOUT HIS IMPENDING TRIP TO/BE: 5RADE
Mil
THAT ^ O EXPLAINED TO HIM THAT/MILOSEVIC HAS/GIVEi
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OTHER
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Yd
i.INS/lMPORTANT TO THE
Jt> ITS MEMBER STATES.
IT IS VERY POSSIBLE THAT MILOSEVIC. JILL OFFER PRIMAKOV SOME
TOKEN CONCESSIONS. HE MIGHT OFFER A CEASE-FIRE/EF NATO AIR
STRIKES STOP. OR^HE MIGHT OFFER TO RESTART NEGOTIATIONS ON THE
POLITICAL CHAPTERS OF THE RAMBOUILLET ACCORDS. IT WILL BE VERY
IMPORTANT THAT W REMAIN FIRM AND UNITED IN WHAT W EXPECT FROM
E
E
MILOSEVIC: A PULL-BACK OF HIS FORCES AND AN INTERIM SETTLEMENT
BASED ON THE RAMBOUILLET FRAMEWORK. IF MILOSEVIC REMAINS
DEFIANT, NATO'S AIR STRIKES MUST CONTINUE.
PfcEASE CALL ME T M R O IF YOU WISH.TO DI3CU33 THIS FURTHER.
OORW
, I AM-S^B^aAgUWE W L x UL Hi LUK I J J ? IN THE COMING
,
JL.
'WJDAYS.
SINCERELY,
BILL
END TEXT
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�THE PRESIDENT HAS S E
EM
D'Alema p o i n t s
A p p r e c i a t e your statements and t h e v o t e o f t h e I t a l i a n
p a r l i a m e n t . Know t h a t t h e r e a r e a l o t o f c o n t e n d i n g v o i c e s f o r
you t o manage.
M i l o s e v i c i s i n t e n s i f y i n g h i s o f f e n s i v e , and t h e r e a r e c r e d i b l e
r e p o r t s o f a t r o c i t i e s . Not a s u r p r i s e ; t h e reason we launch o u r
s t r i k e s i s because we knew he was p o i s e d t o a t t a c k w i t h 40,000
t r o o p s i n and around Kosovo.
I m p o r t a n t t h a t NATO show M i l o s e v i c t h a t our r e s o l v e i s f i r m .
Best way t o assure t h a t we can keep t h e m i l i t a r y o p e r a t i o n s
s h o r t i s f o r h i m t o understand t h a t we w i l l keep up a t i t as
l o n g as necessary. I f he t h i n k s we are wavering, he w i l l w a i t us
out.
C l a r k and Solana b e l i e v e t h a t we need t o t r a n s i t i o n from Phase 1
t o Phase 2. This w i l l a l l o w us t o have a more d i r e c t impact on
the Serb f o r c e s t h a t a r e a t t a c k i n g t h e Kosovars. I n l i g h t o f t h e
i n t e n s i f y i n g o f f e n s i v e , need t o show M i l o s e v i c t h a t we a r e
r e s p o n d i n g t o h i s d e f i a n c e . I s t r o n g l y agree; I b e l i e v e t h a t o u r
NATO c o l l e a g u e s share t h i s view
( i f he says we need a pause between Phase I and Phase I I ) :
I f we pause now, w h i l e he i s e s c a l a t i n g , we w i l l send t h e wrong
message a t a key moment.
I f he says we need more diplomacy
Madeleine w i l l be c o n s u l t i n g w i t h D i n i and o t h e r NATO f o r e i g n
m i n i s t e r s about how t o s u s t a i n t h e diplomacy We a r e c o n t i n u i n g
t o make c l e a r t h a t we p r e f e r a p e a c e f u l outcome. But no s i g n
from M i l o s e v i c t h a t he's prepared t o do a n y t h i n g except c o n t i n u e
the k i l l i n g
P OO OY
HTCP
mO HANDWRITING
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�THE PRESIDENT HAS SEEN
Points f o r Telephone C a l l t o
Prime M i n i s t e r B l a i r
A p r i l 3, 1999
Purpose
To review c u r r e n t s i t u a t i o n i n Kosovo, s t r e s s need t o s u s t a i n
and i n t e n s i f y a i r operations and ask f o r help i n c o n v i n c i n g EU
c o u n t r i e s t o r e c e i v e refugees c r o s s i n g i n t o Macedonia.
Background
B l a i r today made a s t r o n g statement c a l l i n g f o r sustained airs t r i k e s and making c l e a r t h a t l a s t n i g h t ' s s t r i k e s i n t o Belgrade
set a p a t t e r n f o r f u r t h e r o p e r a t i o n s . He w i l l want t o t a l k
t a r g e t i n g , and how best t o send a s t r o n g s i g n a l t o M i l o s e v i c .
Points to be made
Belgrade has not yet f e l t the f u l l weight of NATO's a i r
s t r i k e s , e i t h e r i n and around Kosovo, or against high-value
t a r g e t s elsewhere, i n c l u d i n g i n Belgrade. C a l l i n g Chirac
today t o s t r e s s need f o r expedited t a r g e t i n g procedures.
Hope you can help convince Chirac and other a l l i e s of need t o
i n t e n s i f y a i r s t r i k e s and widen t a r g e t i n g . Need t o h i t not
o n l y m i l i t a r y forces and a i r defense, but command and c o n t r o l ,
i n f r a s t r u c t u r e and broadcast f a c i l i t i e s used f o r d i r e c t i n g ,
s u p p o r t i n g and i n c i t i n g the v i o l e n c e .
Wes Clark would l i k e t o h i t f o l l o w i n g t a r g e t s as soon as
tonight:
f i r s t Army headquarters i n downtown
p r e s i d e n t i a l residence
Belgrade
EO 13526 1 4
.d
army barracks downtown
•
two Belgrade e l e c t r i c a l power d i s t r i b u t i o n centers
©
S o c i a l i s t Party Headquarters w i t h TV t r a n s m i t t e r downtown.
Hope you can support and convince Chirac and others t o agree.
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. O. 13526
PHOTOCOPY
WJC HANDWRITING
^CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�Worried M i l o s e v i c w i l l complete e t h n i c c l e a n s i n g campaign i n
next few days, then declare c e a s e - f i r e and make some p a r t i a l
offer.
To head t h i s o f f , we need t o s u b s t a n t i a l l y increase
weight o f a t t a c k s over next few days, and also prepare o t h e r
a l l i e s t o s u s t a i n s t r i k e s beyond a Serb c e a s e - f i r e .
Also w o r r i e d about Macedonia c l o s i n g t h e border. I n t e n d t o
c a l l G l i g o r o v and ask him t o reverse t h i s d e c i s i o n .
Strobe
T a l b o t t i s going there today t o urge a re-opening o f t h e
border and t o o f f e r assistance.
We need t o g i v e G l i g o r o v some assurance t h a t Macedonia w i l l
not be saddled w i t h a l l these refugees i n d e f i n i t e l y and a t
great economic c o s t . Need your help i n g e t t i n g EU c o u n t r i e s
to immediately i n f o r m Macedonia t h a t they w i l l a s s i s t i n t h e
c u r r e n t c r i s i s and accept a s u b s t a n t i a l p o r t i o n o f t h e
refugees.
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
�-seeftET-
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POINTS TO BE MADE FOR
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH
PRESIDENT JACQUES CHIRAC
Great a p p r e c i a t i o n f o r what you and your government have s a i d
and done. A l l i a n c e u n i t y and d e t e r m i n a t i o n i s s t r o n g .
Much a t stake f o r Europe, the European Union, the
S t a t e s and NATO. We cannot f a i l .
United
However our m i l i t a r y response i s b e i n g p e r c e i v e d as
i n e f f e c t i v e — not o n l y by our p u b l i c s , b u t a l s o by t h e
l e a d e r s h i p i n Belgrade. Not j u s t the weather — t a r g e t i n g
process has a l s o been broken.
I f we don't h i t hard now, M i l o s e v i c w i l l f e e l immune from any
p e n a l t y . He w i l l seek t o complete h i s e t h n i c c l e a n s i n g b e f o r e
NATO f u r t h e r e s c a l a t e s .
We a r e s t r i k i n g a few t a r g e t s a n i g h t and not h a v i n g t h e
impact we need.
We need t o c o n t i n u e s t r i k i n g h i g h - v a l u e t a r g e t s , i n c l u d i n g i n
Belgrade -- not o n l y m i l i t a r y f o r c e s and a i r defense b u t
command and c o n t r o l , i n f r a s t r u c t u r e and broadcast f a c i l i t i e s
t h a t a r e d i r e c t i n g , s u p p o r t i n g and i n c i t i n g the v i o l e n c e .
S t r i k i n g a wider range o f t a r g e t s w i l l damage Belgrade's
c a p a b i l i t y t o conduct h i s o f f e n s i v e . And by imposing an
i n c r e a s i n g l y unacceptable c o s t , i t w i l l f o r c e M i l o s e v i c t o
r e c o n s i d e r h i s r e f u s a l o f an agreement.
NATO's p o l i t i c a l a u t h o r i t i e s cannot micromanage NATO t a r g e t i n g
on a day-to-day b a s i s .
I n s t e a d , we need t o g i v e o u r
commanders a u t h o r i t y t o s t r i k e a broad range o f t a r g e t s as
l o n g as the c i v i l i a n c a s u a l t i e s can be kept low.
I u n d e r s t a n d t h a t our m i l i t a r y a d v i s o r s have d i s c u s s e d a
t a r g e t i n g review process t h a t would e x p e d i t e t a r g e t i n g , w h i l e
e n s u r i n g a p p r o p r i a t e p o l i t i c a l review o f t a r g e t s t h a t c o u l d
cause a l a r g e number o f c a s u a l t i e s o r t h a t a r e o f n a t i o n a l
significance.
I am s a t i s f i e d w i t h the procedures, and hope
t h a t you can a l s o accept them.
"sifJ-oQMta
IDILBRARY
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Russia
•
C o n t a c t s w i t h Russians mixed. A l b r i g h t t a l k e d t o Ivanov.
S a i d we welcome a n y / a l l p r o p o s a l s t o s o l v e t h e c o n f l i c t
d i p l o m a t i c a l l y . But b e f o r e any meeting takes p l a c e , need t o
ensure i t has a p r o d u c t i v e outcome.
•
She o u t l i n e d areas o f common ground based on concessions
Russia g o t from Serbs l a s t June and U.S.-Russian agreements:
•
no r e p r e s s i o n o f c i v i l i a n p o p u l a t i o n ; withdraw Serb
s e c u r i t y f o r c e s t o permanent l o c a t i o n s ; u n h i n d e r e d r e t u r n
of refugees and d i s p l a c e d persons; u n h i n d e r e d access by
humanitarian organizations; i n t e r n a t i o n a l c i v i l i a n
implementation force.
•
Areas where we d i s a g r e e a r e use o f f o r c e and i n t e r n a t i o n a l
s e c u r i t y presence.
•
Key p o i n t :
i f we can r e i n f o r c e common p r i n c i p l e s and agree on
an i n t e r n a t i o n a l s e c u r i t y presence, we might have t h e b a s i s
f o r an e f f e c t i v e meeting.
•
Ivanov seemed i n t r i g u e d , b u t responded F r i d a y w i t h
d i s a p p o i n t i n g nonpaper. A l t h o u g h he backed o f f i n s i s t i n g on
G-8 meeting, he denied M i l o s e v i c i s r e p r e s s i n g c i v i l i a n s and
c a l l e d f o r KLA t o be disarmed.
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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THE WHITE HOUSE
WASH INGTON
TELEPHONE CALLS WITH PRESIDENT CHIRAC; PRIME MINISTER AZNAR;
PRIME MINISTER CHRETIEN; PRESIDENT GLIGAROV; HILL LEADERS
DATE: A p r i l 3, 1999
LOCATION: TBD
TIME: TBD
FROM: SAMUEL BERGER
I.
PURPOSE
Chirac, Aznar and C h r e t i e n : Secure t h e i r support f o r an
i n t e n s i f i c a t i o n o f t h e NATO a i r campaign and t h e widening
of t h e t a r g e t s i n v o l v e d . For Chirac: Ensure h i s support
f o r an expedited t a r g e t approval process.
G l i g a r o v : T© reassure^the—Pre-s^rdent . . U go-ge^v o f our
.G
commitment t o help Macedonia m a i n t a i n t h e i r s e c u r i t y and
deal w i t h enormous refugee problems.
H i l l Leaders:
To update t h e Leaders on s t a t u s o f t h e a i r
campaign, our humanitarian response, and our d e t a i n e d
soldiers.
II.
BACKGROUND
Chirac i s o u t s i d e Paris f o r Easter. He and Jospin continue
to make s t r o n g p u b l i c statements about t h e righteousness o f
NATO's cause and the challenge M i l o s e v i c poses t o t h e
c o n s t r u c t i o n o f a p e a c e f u l , f r e e and democratic Europe.
[Jospin t h i s week moved s w i f t l y t o keep h i s c o a l i t i o n i n
l i n e , rebuking the Greens, Communists and I n t e r i o r M i n i s t e r
f o r q u e s t i o n i n g NATO's campaign i n p u b l i c ] P u b l i c support
f o r NATO i s h o l d i n g steady a t about 50 percent. There i s
deep concern about the humanitarian p l i g h t o f t h e Kosovars;
France announced $15 m i l l i o n i n b i l a t e r a l a i d f o r refugees,
and c o n t r i b u t e d t o a $40 m i l l i o n EU package. I n c r e a s i n g l y ,
French commentators are s p e c u l a t i n g about ground t r o o p s .
Chirac continues t o i n s i s t t h a t i s n o t an o p t i o n .
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.d
Aznar i s spending the Easter Holiday i m S o u t h e r n Spain, He
w i l l t r a v e l on Monday t o Hungary and w i M spend next
weekend w i t h Tony B l a i r a t a country e s t a t e i n t h e UK. He
had planned t o t r a v e l p r i v a t e l y t o the x^s) t h i s week and
had explored t h e p o s s i b i l i t y of an i n f o r m a l v i s i t w i t h you.
His plans changed and he withdrew t h i s request i n midMarch. He w i l l appreciate hearing t h a t you look forward t o
seeing him a t the NATO Summit.
Spain has been a staunch supporter o f Operation A l l i e d
Force. I n a d d i t i o n t o two F-18s and a C-130 tanker
p a r t i c i p a t i n g i n the a i r campaign, Spain has opened i t s
bases a t Rota and Moron t o us f o r a i r c r a f t beddown and
r e f u e l i n g o p e r a t i o n s . Madrid also has a l l o c a t e d $1 m i l l i o n
i n refugee assistance and dispatched 10 tons o f
humanitarian supplies t o Albania. I n a d d i t i o n , the Spanish
Red Cross has c o n t r i b u t e d 30 tons o f a i d , i n c l u d i n g
b l a n k e t s , f i r s t a i d k i t s and generators.
Aznar has been c o n s i s t e n t l y strong i n h i s p u b l i c statements
on Kosovo. I n a speech t o Parliament t h i s week, he s a i d
Spain's involvement was v i t a l — we cannot s i t i d l y by t o
watch the '"extermination" o f Kosovo's Albanians. Despite a
general a v e r s i o n t o using f o r c e , Spain's major p o l i t i c a l
p a r t i e s , i n c l u d i n g the o p p o s i t i o n S o c i a l i s t s , have given
Aznar t h e i r support.
ore*
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.Chretien asked you t o c a l l him; he f l e w from Canada's
newest t e r r i t o r y , Nunuvak, t o F l o r i d a , t o v i s i t h i s
granddaughter who was b a d l y i n j u r e d t h i s week i n a r i d i n g
a c c i d e n t . The Canadians have "wobble-free" i n s u p p o r t i n g
NATO's a c t i o n s i n Kosovo — you should acknowledge t h i s .
-£hey c o n t r i b u t e d a number o f combat a i r c r a f t — CF-18's,
xey
a n d l c o n s i d e r i n g sending more, i n a d d i t i o n t o $10 m i l l i o n i n
idY
aid.
1.4b, 1.4d
You should be aware t h a t Madeleine
had t o postpone a meeting w i t h Axworthy on the New York-^T"
Canada peace b r i d g e a t Niagara t h a t was t o h i g h l i g h t o u ^ v
extensive border cooperation. Should C h r e t i e n r a i s e , you
should agree t h a t i t be rescheduled as soon as Madeleine's
and Axworthy's schedules a l l o w .
Gligarov is concerned about the huge influx of Kosov^
Albanianxefugees into Macedonia and the impact thax this
is having on Macedonia's fragile economy and unp^Tsy ethnic
balance. (Tft^re are 400,000 ethnic Albanian eltizens in
Macedonia, comprising about 20 percent of the population.)
Gligarov is alscN^/orried that Macedonia p£ght become
engulfed in a wid&c Balkan war. Ambas^ctdor Chris Hill
summarizes the situation as follows ^'Macedonia is in the
fight of its short Irfe, and need^-'every bit of
encouragement we can provide." /
\
You should reassure G l i g a r o v / o f our support f o r Macedonia
as demonstrated by t h e p r o v i s i o n o f increased humanitarian
and economic assistance,/Strode's t r i p , and NATO's
d e c i s i o n t o support the^huinanftarian r e l i e f work t h e r e i n
anyway i t can. Along/with the a d d i t i o n a l $50 m i l l i o n i n
humanitarian r e l i e f / s u p p o r t t o t h ^ r e g i o n , Strobe w i l l
announce a $50 m i l d i o n economic assistance package, o f
which $29 m i l l i o T i w i l l go t o MacedoAda.
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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Attachments
Tab A Points
Tab B Points
Tab C Points
Tab D Points
Tab E Points
t o be Made to President Chirac
t o be Made to President Aznar
to be Made to Prime Minister Chretien
t o be Made to President Gligorov
to be Made t o the H i l l Leaders
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�"s
L^UO,^
POINTS TO BE MADE
FOR
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH
PRESIDENT JACQUES CHIRAC
'S
Whc
2422
<£"J
o
lappe;
Jov^Mrnmoral an^/out^ageoja^).
We erannot
in\Kosc
. e r a t e ^ e t h n i c c l e a i b«g t h i s i W t - ^ e a r o f t f i e 20^fe--^ntuty-.
•
Much a t stake f o r Europe, the European Union, the
S t a t e s and NATO. We cannot f a i l .
•
However our m i l i t a r y response i s b e i n g p e r c e i v e d as
i n e f f e c t i v e — n o t o n l y by our p u b l i c s , b u t a l s o by the
l e a d e r s h i p i n Belgrade. Not j u s t the weather — t a r g e t i n g
process has a l s o been broken.
We
United
agreed t o exg^nd\ the range/^f t a r g e t ^ - i p n Tuesday, b u t ^ n l y
y nig
ype o
i c t h i n k twic
^^JJ^^
We need t o c o n t i n u e s t r i k i n g h i g h - v a l u e t a r g e t s , i n c l u d i n g i n
Belgrade — not o n l y m i l i t a r y f o r c e s and a i r defense b u t
VJ^command and c o n t r o l , i n f r a s t r u c t u r e and b r o a d c a s t f a c i l i t i e s
<2A<2_ ,
t h a t are d i r e c t i n g , s u p p o r t i n g and i n c i t i n g the v i o l e n c e .
S-HMtwut
S t r i k i n g a wider range o f
c a p a b i l i t y t o conduct h i s
i n c r e a s i n g l y unacceptable
reconsider his r e f u s a l of
t a r g e t s w i l l damage Belgrade's
o f f e n s i v e . And by imposing an
cost, i t w i l l force Milosevic to
an agreement.
I f we don't h i t h a r d now, M i l o s e v i c w i l l f e e l immune from any
p e n a l t y . He w i l l seek t o complete h i s e t h n i c c l e a n s i n g b e f o r e
NATO f u r t h e r e s c a l a t e s .
NATO's p o l i t i c a l a u t h o r i t i e s cannot micromanage NATO t a r g e t i n g
on a day-to-day b a s i s .
I n s t e a d , we need t o g i v e our
commanders a u t h o r i t y t o s t r i k e a broad range o f t a r g e t s as
l o n g as the c i v i l i a n c a s u a l t i e s can be kept t o a minimum.
I u n d e r s t a n d t h a t our m i l i t a r y a d v i s o r s have d i s c u s s e d a
t a r g e t i n g review process t h a t would e x p e d i t e t a r g e t i n g , w h i l e
e n s u r i n g a p p r o p r i a t e p o l i t i c a l review o f t a r g e t s t h a t c o u l d
cause a l a r g e number of c a s u a l t i e s or t h a t are o f n a t i o n a l
Reason: 1.5 ( a ) , ( d )
D e c l a s s i f y on:, A p r i , ! ^ , . 200^
LINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
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�s i g n i f i c a n c e . I am s a t i s f i e d with the procedures, and hope
t h a t you can also accept them.
i t h Milosevic's thugs packing t r a i
ith
cut the m i l i t a r y and p o l l
operation's. Instead, we must shew our
resolve b \ interisifyingVour s
Albc
is, we must
NBLTO' s
i t i o n anc
Russia
Contacts w i t h Russians mixed. A l b r i g h t t a l k e d t o Ivanov.
Said we welcome any/all proposals t o solve the c o n f l i c t
d i p l o m a t i c a l l y . But before any meeting takes place, need t o
ensure i t has a productive outcome.
She o u t l i n e d areas of common ground based on concessions
Russia got from Serbs l a s t June and U.S.-Russian agreements:
no repression o f c i v i l i a n population; withdraw Serb
s e c u r i t y forces t o permanent l o c a t i o n s ; unhindered r e t u r n
of refugees and displaced persons; unhindered access by
humanitarian organizations; i n t e r n a t i o n a l c i v i l i a n
implementation force.
-Si-
Areas where we disagree are use of force and i n t e r n a t i o n a l
s e c u r i t y presence.
Key p o i n t : i f we can r e i n f o r c e common p r i n c i p l e s and agree on
an i n t e r n a t i o n a l s e c u r i t y presence, we mightO have the b a s i s - \
f o r an e f f e c t i v e meeting.
Ivanov seemed i n t r i g u e d , but responded Friday w i t h
d i s a p p o i n t i n g nonpaper. Although he backed o f f i n s i s t i n g on
G-8 meeting, he denied Milosevic i s repressing c i v i l i a n s and
c a l l e d f o r KLA t o be disarmed.
Want t o keep Russians
impress, on them tha
cleansinq. They'r
aged d i p l o m a t i c a l l y , but have t o
cannot con-tfiAue t o d e n y ^ t h n i c
ted, l o o k / t e r r i b l e i n t ^ r n a \ t i o n a l l y .
Out f o r e i g n m i n i s t e r s c a l l e d f o r
W^dnesday\at p o l i t i c a l d i r e c t o r
me. Expect Jlussians w i u l
:o stay firm_jfe-hat cease-fi
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
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THE WHITE HOUSE
WASH INGTON
A p r i l 10, 1999
ACTION
\
MEMORANDUM FOR THE
IDENT
FROM:
SAMUEL BERGE^J/
SUBJECT:
Message t o President Y e l t s i n on Kosovo
Purpose
Approve a message t o President Y e l t s i n .
Background
President Y e l t s i n wrote t o you twice t h i s week about Kosovo.
Y e l t s i n ' s second l e t t e r was an impassioned plea f o r working
together t o end the c r i s i s . The message reviewed your j o i n t
accomplishments, emphasized Y e l t s i n ' s b e l i e f t h a t NATO w i l l n o t
be able t o f i x the Kosovo problem w i t h one s t r i k e — and then
came t o the underwhelming punchline o f : l e t ' s have our Foreign
M i n i s t e r s meet.
In l i g h t o f the Orthodox Easter holiday and Madeleine's Tuesday
meeting w i t h Foreign M i n i s t e r Ivanov, i t would be u s e f u l t o send
Y e l t s i n a b r i e f response. The message reviews our concerns
about Milosevic's continued b r u t a l i t y and thanks Y e l t s i n f o r h i s
p u b l i c defense o f the U.S.-Russian r e l a t i o n s h i p and assurances
t h a t Russia w i l l not be drawn m i l i t a r i l y i n t o the Yugoslavia
c o n f l i c t . You also h i g h l i g h t the importance o f K o f i Annan's
statemi^nt on Kosovo and ask Y e l t s i n t o embrace i t as a
c o n s t r u c t i v e approach toward a p o l i t i c a l s o l u t i o n .
RECOMMENDATXON
the message at Tab A.
That you appr«
Disapprove
Approve
Attachments
Tab A Message t o President Y e l t s i n
Tab B Incoming Correspondence
CONFI DiaiHftfr
Reason: 1.5(d)
D e c l a s s i f y On: 4/9/09
PER Ei). 13526
cc: Vice President
Chief o f S t a f f
CLINTON LIBRARY RdOTOCOfiffSiNG
-i.
CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY
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THE PRESIDENT HAS SEEN
SECRET
^-Ib-^q
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THE WHITE HOUSE
W A S H iVl G T O N
'39 HPK 10 AMli:4b
A p r i l 10\ 1999
TELEPHONE CALLS WITH SECRETARY GENERAL ANNAN,
PRESIDENT CHIRAC AND
PRIME MINISTER BLAIR
DATE: A p r i l 10, 1999
LOCATION: TBD
TIME: TBD
FROM: SAMUEL BERGEjg^.
I.
PURPOSE
Annan: welcome h i s s t r o n g statement on Kosovo; urge him t o
encourage Moscow t o pressure Belgrade and cease a l l support;
e x p l a i n s t r a t e g y ; l a y down markers on I r a q .
B l a i r and Chirac: review the road ahead on Kosovo, i n c l u d i n g
Monday's f o r e i g n m i n i s t e r s meeting i n Brussels, i n t r a - a l l i a n c e
r e l a t i o n s , managing Russia and h e l p i n g the f r o n t l i n e s t a t e s .
With B l a i r , you also should seek support f o r increased economic
pressure on Belgrade.
II.
BACKGROUND
Annan issued a statement on Friday expressing h i s deep d i s t r e s s
at the humanitarian s i t u a t i o n i n Kosovo and u r g i n g a resumption
of p o l i t i c a l n e g o t i a t i o n s a t t h e e a r l i e s t p o s s i b l e moment. He
c a l l e d on Belgrade t o make a s e r i e s o f commitments, i n c l u d i n g an
end t o i t s "campaign o f i n t i m i d a t i o n and e x p u l s i o n " , a
withdrawal of forces, u n c o n d i t i o n a l acceptance o f refugee r e t u r n
and t h e deployment o f an " i n t e r n a t i o n a l m i l i t a r y f o r c e . " Thanks
t o phone c a l l s from Madeleine and Tom P i c k e r i n g , Annan's
requirements are e s s e n t i a l l y the same as our own. The one major
d i f f e r e n c e i s t h a t Annan c a l l s f o r NATO t o suspend a i r s t r i k e s
once Belgrade commits t o these steps, r a t h e r than beginning t o
implement them. We are now t r y i n g t o use Annan's statement i n
our e f f o r t s t o make t h e Russians be a c o n s t r u c t i v e p a r t o f our
diplomatic strategy.
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D e c l a s s i f y On: A ^ r i l
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Mrs. Ogata, the UN High Commissioner f o r Refugees (UNHCR), and
the l e a d c o o r d i n a t o r o f refugee p r o t e c t i o n and assistance
e f f o r t s , was overwhelmed by the magnitude o f the Kosovo c r i s i s
and slow t o accept a strong NATO r o l e i n a s s i s t i n g w i t h r e l i e f .
She has now acknowledged t h a t the NATO r o l e i s c r i t i c a l , and we
are beginning t o reach most o f the refugees w i t h a s s i s t a n c e .
Mrs. Ogata, i s c u r r e n t l y i n the r e g i o n , v i s i t i n g t h e camps.
Both B l a i r and Chirac remain rock s o l i d on Kosovo, and continue
to enjoy s t r o n g p u b l i c support f o r NATO's a i r s t r i k e s .
Indeed,
as images o f dispossessed Kosovars and r e p o r t s o f a t r o c i t i e s
m u l t i p l y , e d i t o r i a l and even p u b l i c support f o r ground troops i s
growing i n both c o u n t r i e s .
EQ 13526 1 4
.d
You w i l l want t o b r i n g both leaders up t o date on your
c o n v e r s a t i o n w i t h D'Alema and convey your basic s a t i s f a c t i o n
w i t h K o f i Annan's statement o f c o n d i t i o n s . The NATO m i n i s t e r i a l
on Monday w i l l s i g n a l A l l i e d resolve and o f f e r an o p p o r t u n i t y t o
make smaller a l l i e s f e e l more i n v o l v e d . At the same time, we
must make M i l o s e v i c f e e l there i s no end i n s i g h t i f he
continues t o h o l d o u t . This w i l l r e q u i r e a d d i t i o n a l m i l i t a r y
resources and increased economic pressure. You might also
compare notes on our common e f f o r t s t o help the refugees, a s s i s t
f r o n t l i n e s t a t e s , and channel Russian i n i t i a t i v e s i n p o s i t i v e
directions.
Attachments
Tab A T a l k i n g Points f o r Phone C a l l w i t h Chirac
Tab B T a l k i n g Points f o r Phone C a l l w i t h B l a i r
Tab C T a l k i n g Points f o r Phone C a l l w i t h K o f i Annan
SECRET
�Revised
—^-r-f^r-ir
A/10/99 6:45 pm
POINTS TO BE MADE FOR
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH
FRENCH PRESIDENT CHIRAC
•
Want t o review where we are on Kosovo; my conversation w i t h
D'Alema; K o f i ' s statement, the m i l i t a r y campaign; the
humanitarian e f f o r t ; and Russia.
D'Alema
•
Spoke t o him Friday. He's doing a great j o b navigating a
d i f f i c u l t p o l i t i c a l s i t u a t i o n a t home and seems s o l i d l y behind
continued a i r operations. No mention o f "pauses" or
diplomatic i n i t i a t i v e s .
K o f i ' s Statement
•
Pleased by K o f i Annan's statement on Friday. His conditions
are i d e n t i c a l t o our conditions. The o n l y d i f f e r e n c e i s that
he asks NATO t o suspend a i r s t r i k e s once Milosevic commits t o
the c o n d i t i o n s , whereas we would c e r t a i n l y want t o see some
c l e a r signs o f implementation f i r s t . But K o f i ' s statement
gives NATO's stance adds a d d i t i o n a l i n t e r n a t i o n a l legitimacy
to our p o s i t i o n and provides a good hook f o r the Russians.
• Also very encouraged by G-8 p o l i t i c a l d i r e c t o r s statement
because the Russians signed on. Hope we can lock that i n at
the highest l e v e l s .
•
I hope t h a t we can use his statement t o help i n our e f f o r t t o
get t h e Russians t o engage c o n s t r u c t i v e l y on the diplomatic
track.
NATO M i n i s t e r i a l
•
Madeleine and Robin/Hubert w i l l be meeting w i t h t h e i r NATO
counterparts on Monday i n Brussels. This i s important f o r two
reasons. F i r s t , t o signal NATO's determination t o stay the
course. And second, t o make a l l the a l l i e s f e e l involved.
There i s some resentment among the smaller a l l i e s about the
r e g u l a r contacts between the Contact Group a l l i e s . The
meeting o f a l l 19 Foreign M i n i s t e r s should help, and I am also
making a p o i n t o f c a l l i n g the leaders from non-Contact Group
c o u n t r i e s , p a r t i c u l a r l y those who are c o n t r i b u t i n g forces.
PER E.0.13526
CL I NTO^itffi'RM^'WOTOCOPY
�Next Steps
•
We must make Milosevic f e e l t h a t there i s no end i n s i g h t i f
he doesn't accept our c o n d i t i o n s . I understand that General
Clark w i l l s h o r t l y be asking a l l of us t o commit a d d i t i o n a l
m i l i t a r y resources, and we w i l l need t o look at t h i s very
carefully.
•
We also need t o supplement our m i l i t a r y operations w i t h
increased economic pressure on Milosevic and h i s war machine.
We're encouraging neighboring countries t o stop o i l supplies
to Serbia. This i s also a good moment f o r the EU t o take a
serious look a t t i g h t e n i n g i t s sanctions regime.
Easter Pause [ i f asked]
•
[SACEUR was very c a r e f u l i n h i s t a r g e t s over the past 24
hours. Expect t h a t the NATO spokesman w i l l mention t h i s a t
his b r i e f i n g today.]
Help f o r the Refugees
•
Our estimates are t h a t some 800,000 Kosovars are now
displaced. The world i s now responding but we've got t o do
more.
•
Just formed a n a t i o n a l coordinating c o u n c i l here t o run our
response t o the refugee c r i s i s . We are a i r l i f t i n g r e l i e f
supplies i n t o the region and have j u s t added another
$50 m i l l i o n i n a i d .
•
The Macedonian government i s so overwhelmed t h a t we have t o
r e l i e v e the pressure by moving some o f the refugees t o
temporary safehavens elsewhere. G r a t e f u l f o r what you're
doing. Hope we can increase a i d t o the i n t e r n a t i o n a l
organizations i n the region.
Assistance for the Frontline States
• Also need t o step up e f f o r t s t o help other f r o n t l i n e s t a t e s .
• Need t o be t h i n k i n g about p o s t - c o n f l i c t e f f o r t s . We'll need a
comprehensive plan f o r Kosovo and Yugoslavia — a resettlement
and recovery program.
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�Russia
Important we a l l stay engaged t o channel Russian i n i t i a t i v e s
i n p o s i t i v e d i r e c t i o n . Have emphasized we can't l e t Milosevic
d r i v e a wedge between Russia and United States and almost a l l
of Europe. Recognize t h a t Kosovo i s d i f f i c u l t f o r them, but
have too much important work t o do.
Need t o encourage Russians t o uphold Y e l t s i n ' s pledge t o stay
out of c o n f l i c t . Have reason t o believe t h a t people i n
M i n i s t r y of Defense and other government e n t i t i e s are
preparing shipments of m i l i t a r y equipment t o Yugoslavia.
Should make sure Boris and Primakov understand t h a t i n t e l
sharing or m i l i t a r y cooperation w i t h Serbs would be a very b i g
mistake.
Hungary and Romania c a r r y i n g burden of inspecting humanitarian
shipments. Should help them however we can.
Also ask t h a t you encourage p u b l i c i n f o r m a t i o n agencies t o get
r e a l news i n t o Russia, Ukraine other NIS. USIA s t a r t e d
g e t t i n g TV feeds i n t h i s week; already see some s h i f t s .
CLINTON LIBRARY DN
OOY
CP
�SECRET
2660
POINTS TO BE MADE FOR
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH
PRIME MINISTER BLAIR
Want t o review where we are on Kosovo, my conversation w i t h
D'Alema, K o f i ' s statement, the m i l i t a r y campaign and the
humanitarian e f f o r t . Also l i k e t o have a word about I r a q .
D'Alema
Spoke t o him
yesterday.
Kofi's Statement
•
Pleased by K o f i Annan's statement on Friday. His c o n d i t i o n s
are i d e n t i c a l to our c o n d i t i o n s . The o n l y d i f f e r e n c e i s t h a t
he asks NATO t o suspend a i r s t r i k e s once M i l o s e v i c commits t o
the c o n d i t i o n s , whereas we would c e r t a i n l y want t o see some
c l e a r signs of implementation f i r s t .
•
K o f i ' s statement gives NATO's stance t h a t much more
i n t e r n a t i o n a l l e g i t i m a c y . I hope t h a t we can use h i s
statement t o help i n our e f f o r t t o get the Russians t o engage
c o n s t r u c t i v e l y on the d i p l o m a t i c t r a c k .
NATO M i n i s t e r i a l
•
Madeleine and Robin/Hubert w i l l be meeting w i t h t h e i r NATO
c o u n t e r p a r t s on Monday i n Brussels. This i s important f o r two
reasons. F i r s t , t o s i g n a l NATO's d e t e r m i n a t i o n t o stay the
course.
l.4d
I am also
making a p o i n t of c a l l i n g the leaders from non-Contact Group
c o u n t r i e s , p a r t i c u l a r l y those who are c o n t r i b u t i n g f o r c e s .
DECLASSIFIED IN PART
PER E. O. 13526
SECRET
Reason:
l.SAaU
—ss^XnmOU Jl B A Y P O O O Y
f& R R H T C P
�SECRET
Next Steps
•
We must make M i l o s e v i c f e e l t h a t t h e r e i s no end i n s i g h t i f
he doesn't accept our c o n d i t i o n s . I understand t h a t General
Clark w i l l s h o r t l y be asking a l l o f us t o commit a d d i t i o n a l
m i l i t a r y resources, and we w i l l need t o look a t t h i s very
carefully.
•
We a l s o need t o supplement our m i l i t a r y o p e r a t i o n s w i t h
increased economic pressure on M i l o s e v i c and h i s war machine.
A n y t h i n g t h a t you can do t o b l o c k M i l o s e v i c ' s access t o
o f f s h o r e accounts, p a r t i c u l a r l y i n Cyprus, would be most
i m p o r t a n t . We're encouraging neighboring c o u n t r i e s t o stop
o i l s u p p l i e s t o Serbia. This i s also a good moment f o r t h e EU
to take a serious look a t t i g h t e n i n g i t s sanctions regime.
Easter Pause [ i f asked]
•
[SACEUR i s l o o k i n g a t p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i r e c t i n g s t r i k e s away
from Belgrade and other urban areas on Saturday n i g h t , d u r i n g
the l a t e n i g h t r e s u r r e c t i o n mass.
• We don't t h i n k NATO needs t o announce t h i s i n advance. But we
c o u l d suggest t h a t the NATO spokesman describe t h i s r e s t r a i n t
at h i s press b r i e f i n g on Sunday.]
Help f o r the Refugees
•
Our estimates are t h a t some 800,000 Kosovars have been
d i s p l a c e d . The w o r l d i s now responding b u t we've got t o do
more.
•
Just formed a n a t i o n a l c o o r d i n a t i n g c o u n c i l here t o r u n our
response t o the refugee c r i s i s . We are a i r l i f t i n g r e l i e f
s u p p l i e s i n t o the r e g i o n and have j u s t added another
$50 m i l l i o n i n a i d . H i l l a r y went over Friday t o see t h e
departure o f some humanitarian r a t i o n s .
•
The Macedonian government i s so overwhelmed t h a t we have t o
r e l i e v e the pressure by moving some o f the refugees t o
temporary safe havens elsewhere. G r a t e f u l f o r what you're
doing. Hope we can increase a i d t o the i n t e r n a t i o n a l
o r g a n i z a t i o n s i n the r e g i o n .
—
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�SECRET
Assistance for the Frontline States
•
Also need t o step up e f f o r t s to help other f r o n t l i n e s t a t e s .
•
Need t o be t h i n k i n g about p o s t - c o n f l i c t e f f o r t s . We'll need a
comprehensive plan f o r Kosovo and Yugoslavia — a r e s e t t l e m e n t
and recovery program.
Russia
•
Important we a l l stay engaged t o channel Russian i n i t i a t i v e s
i n p o s i t i v e d i r e c t i o n . Have emphasized we can't l e t M i l o s e v i c
d r i v e a wedge between Russia and United States and almost a l l
of Europe. Recognize t h a t Kosovo i s d i f f i c u l t f o r them, but
have too much important work t o do.
© Need t o encourage Russians t o uphold Y e l t s i n ' s pledge t o stay
out of c o n f l i c t . |
iL4d
Hungary and Romania c a r r y i n g burden o f i n s p e c t i n g humanitarian
shipments. Should help them however we can.
Also ask t h a t you encourage p u b l i c i n f o r m a t i o n agencies t o get
r e a l news i n t o Russia, Ukraine other NIS. USIA s t a r t e d
g e t t i n g TV feeds i n t h i s week; already see some s h i f t s .
m»m
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�POINTS TO BE MADE FOR
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION WITH
FRENCH PRESIDENT CHIRAC
•
Want t o r e v i e w where we are on Kosovo; my c o n v e r s a t i o n w i t h
D'Alema; K o f i ' s statement, t h e m i l i t a r y campaign; t h e
h u m a n i t a r i a n e f f o r t ; and Russia.
D'Alema
•
Spoke t o him F r i d a y . He's d o i a g a g r e a t j o b n a v i g a t i n g a
d i f f i c u l t p o l i t i c a l s i t u a t i o n a t home and seems s o l i d l y b e h i n d
c o n t i n u e d a i r o p e r a t i o n s . No mention o f "pauses" o r
diplomatic i n i t i a t i v e s .
K o f i ' s Statement
•
Pleased by K o f i Annan's statement on F r i d a y . H i s c o n d i t i o n s
are i d e n t i c a l t o our c o n d i t i o n s . The o n l y d i f f e r e n c e i s t h a t
he asks NATO t o suspend a i r s t r i k e s once M i l o s e v i c commits t o
t h e c o n d i t i o n s , whereas we would c e r t a i n l y want t o see some
c l e a r signs o f implementation f i r s t .
But K o f i ' s statement
g i v e s NATO's stance khat .much morp> i n t e r n a t i o n a l l e g i t i m a c y h>
and p r o v i d e s a good hook f o r the^Russians.
/>D£"
•
A l s o v e r y encouraged by G-8 p o l i t i c a l d i r e c t o r s statement
because t h e Russians signed on. Hope we can l o c k t h a t i n a t
the highest l e v e l s .
•
I hope t h a t we can use h i s statement t o h e l p i n our e f f o r t t o
get t h e Russians t o engage c o n s t r u c t i v e l y on t h e d i p l o m a t i c
track.
NATO M i n i s t e r i a l
•
Madeleine and Robin/Hubert w i l l be meeting w i t h t h e i r NATO
c o u n t e r p a r t s on Monday i n B r u s s e l s .
This i s i m p o r t a n t f o r two
reasons. F i r s t , t o s i g n a l NATO's d e t e r m i n a t i o n t o s t a y t h e
course.
And second, t o make a l l t h e a l l i e s f e e l i n v o l v e d .
There i s some resentment among t h e s m a l l e r a l l i e s about t h e
r e g u l a r c o n t a c t s between t h e Contact Group a l l i e s .
The
m e e t i n g o f a l l 19 Foreign M i n i s t e r s should h e l p , and I am a l s o
making a p o i n t o f c a l l i n g t h e leaders from non-Contact Group
c o u n t r i e s , p a r t i c u l a r l y those who are c o n t r i b u t i n g f o r c e s .
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
-TD o^r
(P S'+io^
0
�Next Steps
•
We must make M i l o s e v i c f e e l t h a t t h e r e i s no end i n s i g h t i f
he doesn't accept our c o n d i t i o n s . I understand t h a t General
C l a r k w i l l s h o r t l y be a s k i n g a l l o f us t o commit a d d i t i o n a l
m i l i t a r y resources, and we w i l l need t o l o o k a t t h i s v e r y
carefully.
We a l s o need t o supplement o u r m i l i t a r y o p e r a t i o n s w i t h
i n c r e a s e d economic pressure on M i l o s e v i c and h i s war machine.
We're encouraging n e i g h b o r i n g c o u n t r i e s t o s t o p o i l s u p p l i e s
t o S e r b i a . This i s a l s o a good moment f o r t h e EU t o t a k e a
s e r i o u s l o o k a t t i g h t e n i n g i t s s a n c t i o n s regime.
E a s t e r Pause
t u r d a ^ n i V f h t , / d u r irTcrf**'"
-we
nnounco t h i s in-ttdvanutf.
rni.ilid ougge-st—Llldt.—the NATO spokesman d e o c r i b u L h i j i f c i b l i a T n t
at h i s press b r i e f i n g ow Ound^'. ]
L^NXV \M~fe=. •TV. t^,
Help f o r the Refugees
^Of^^pi
IN*'! rWirt^vovN'tViis
Our e s t i m a t e s a r e t h a t some 800,000 Kosovars a r e now
d i s p l a c e d . The w o r l d i s now responding b u t we've g o t t o do
more.
J u s t formed a n a t i o n a l c o o r d i n a t i n g c o u n c i l here t o r u n our
response t o t h e refugee c r i s i s . We a r e a i r l i f t i n g r e l i e f
s u p p l i e s i n t o t h e r e g i o n and have j u s t added another
$50 m i l l i o n i n a i d .
The Macedonian government i s so overwhelmed t h a t we have t o
r e l i e v e t h e p r e s s u r e by moving some o f t h e refugees t o
temporary safehavens elsewhere. G r a t e f u l f o r what you're
d o i n g . Hope we can i n c r e a s e a i d t o t h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l
organizations i n the region.
Assistance
f o r the F r o n t l i n e
States
A l s o need t o step up e f f o r t s t o h e l p o t h e r f r o n t l i n e s t a t e s .
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
0
v
e r
�•
Need t o be t h i n k i n g about p o s t - c o n f l i c t e f f o r t s . W e ' l l need a
comprehensive p l a n f o r Kosovo and Y u g o s l a v i a — a r e s e t t l e m e n t
and r e c o v e r y program.
Russia
•
I m p o r t a n t we a l l s t a y engaged t o channel Russian i n i t i a t i v e s
i n p o s i t i v e d i r e c t i o n . Have emphasized we can't l e t M i l o s e v i c
d r i v e a wedge between Russia and U n i t e d S t a t e s and almost a l l
of Europe. Recognize t h a t Kosovo i s d i f f i c u l t f o r them, b u t
have t o o much i m p o r t a n t work t o do.
•
Need t o encourage Russians t o uphold Y e l t s i n ' s pledge t o s t a y
out o f c o n f l i c t .
Have reason t o b e l i e v e t h a t people i n
M i n i s t r y o f Defense and o t h e r government e n t i t i e s a r e
p r e p a r i n g shipments o f m i l i t a r y equipment t o Y u g o s l a v i a .
Should make sure B o r i s and Primakov u n d e r s t a n d t h a t i n t e l
s h a r i n g o r m i l i t a r y c o o p e r a t i o n w i t h Serbs would be a v e r y b i g
mistake.
•
Hungary and Romania c a r r y i n g burden o f i n s p e c t i n g
shipments. Should h e l p them however we can.
•
A l s o ask t h a t you encourage p u b l i c i n f o r m a t i o n agencies t o g e t
r e a l news i n t o Russia, Ukraine o t h e r NIS. USIA s t a r t e d
g e t t i n g TV feeds i n t h i s week; a l r e a d y see some s h i f t s .
humanitarian
CLINTON LIBRARY P O O O Y
HTCP
�
Dublin Core
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Title
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<strong>Declassified Documents</strong>
Description
An account of the resource
This collection of declassified records focus primarily on foreign affairs. These records were declassified and made available to the public through a <a href="http://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/mandatory-declassification-review-requests">Mandatory Declassification Review</a> request.
Provenance
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Clinton Presidential Records
Publisher
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Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
Text
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Declassified Documents concerning Russia
Description
An account of the resource
This Mandatory Declassification Review contains material on communications between President Clinton and various world leaders regarding military force against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia between October 1998 and April 1999. Material includes talking points and telcons with French President Jacques Chirac, British Prime MInister Tony Blair, Russian President Boris Yeltsin, German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder, and Italian Prime Minister Romano Prodi.
Identifier
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2009-1290-M
Creator
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National Security Council
Records Management Office
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Clinton Presidential Library & Museum
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Reproduction-Reference
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<a href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/7388808" target="_blank">National Archives Catalog Description</a>
Boris Yeltsin
Declassified
Foreign Policy
Jacques Chirac
Kosovo
Serbia
Tony Blair